Classifications

• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
  • B29D—PRODUCING PARTICULAR ARTICLES FROM PLASTICS OR FROM SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE
  • B29D30/00—Producing pneumatic or solid tyres or parts thereof
  • B29D30/02—Solid tyres ; Moulds therefor
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
  • B60C—VEHICLE TYRES; TYRE INFLATION; TYRE CHANGING; CONNECTING VALVES TO INFLATABLE ELASTIC BODIES IN GENERAL; DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS RELATED TO TYRES
  • B60C17/00—Tyres characterised by means enabling restricted operation in damaged or deflated condition; Accessories therefor
  • B60C17/04—Tyres characterised by means enabling restricted operation in damaged or deflated condition; Accessories therefor utilising additional non-inflatable supports which become load-supporting in emergency
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
  • B60C—VEHICLE TYRES; TYRE INFLATION; TYRE CHANGING; CONNECTING VALVES TO INFLATABLE ELASTIC BODIES IN GENERAL; DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS RELATED TO TYRES
  • B60C3/00—Tyres characterised by the transverse section
  • B60C3/02—Closed, e.g. toroidal, tyres
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
  • B60C—VEHICLE TYRES; TYRE INFLATION; TYRE CHANGING; CONNECTING VALVES TO INFLATABLE ELASTIC BODIES IN GENERAL; DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS RELATED TO TYRES
  • B60C9/00—Reinforcements or ply arrangement of pneumatic tyres
  • B60C9/02—Carcasses
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
  • B60C—VEHICLE TYRES; TYRE INFLATION; TYRE CHANGING; CONNECTING VALVES TO INFLATABLE ELASTIC BODIES IN GENERAL; DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS RELATED TO TYRES
  • B60C9/00—Reinforcements or ply arrangement of pneumatic tyres
  • B60C9/18—Structure or arrangement of belts or breakers, crown-reinforcing or cushioning layers
  • B60C9/1807—Structure or arrangement of belts or breakers, crown-reinforcing or cushioning layers comprising fabric reinforcements
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
  • B29D—PRODUCING PARTICULAR ARTICLES FROM PLASTICS OR FROM SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE
  • B29D30/00—Producing pneumatic or solid tyres or parts thereof
  • B29D30/06—Pneumatic tyres or parts thereof (e.g. produced by casting, moulding, compression moulding, injection moulding, centrifugal casting)
  • B29D30/0681—Parts of pneumatic tyres; accessories, auxiliary operations
  • B29D2030/0683—Additional internal supports to be positioned inside the tyre, as emergency supports for run-flat tyres
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
  • B60C—VEHICLE TYRES; TYRE INFLATION; TYRE CHANGING; CONNECTING VALVES TO INFLATABLE ELASTIC BODIES IN GENERAL; DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS RELATED TO TYRES
  • B60C17/00—Tyres characterised by means enabling restricted operation in damaged or deflated condition; Accessories therefor
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
  • B60C—VEHICLE TYRES; TYRE INFLATION; TYRE CHANGING; CONNECTING VALVES TO INFLATABLE ELASTIC BODIES IN GENERAL; DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS RELATED TO TYRES
  • B60C9/00—Reinforcements or ply arrangement of pneumatic tyres
  • B60C9/18—Structure or arrangement of belts or breakers, crown-reinforcing or cushioning layers
  • B60C9/1807—Structure or arrangement of belts or breakers, crown-reinforcing or cushioning layers comprising fabric reinforcements
  • B60C2009/1814—Structure or arrangement of belts or breakers, crown-reinforcing or cushioning layers comprising fabric reinforcements square woven

Definitions

• the invention relates to an assembly, an impregnated assembly, a tire, a mounted assembly and a method of manufacturing a tire.
• the invention relates to the field of tires for equipping vehicles.
• the tire is designed preferentially for passenger vehicles, but can be used on any other type of vehicle such as two-wheeled vehicles, heavy goods vehicles, agricultural vehicles, civil engineering vehicles or aircraft or, more generally, on any device rolling.
• a conventional tire is a toric structure, intended to be mounted on a rim, pressurized by an inflation gas and crushed on a ground under the action of a load.
• the tire has at all points of its rolling surface, intended to come into contact with a ground, a double curvature: a circumferential curvature and a meridian curvature.
• circumferential curvature is meant a curvature in a circumferential plane, defined by a circumferential direction, tangent to the running surface of the tire according to the rolling direction of the tire, and a radial direction, perpendicular to the axis of rotation of the tire.
• meridian curvature is meant a curvature in a meridian or radial plane, defined by an axial direction parallel to the axis of rotation of the tire, and a radial direction perpendicular to the axis of rotation of the tire.
• the expression “radially inner, respectively radially outer” means “closer to, respectively farther from the axis of rotation of the tire.”
• the expression “axially inner, respectively axially outer” means “closer or farther away from the equatorial plane of the tire", the equatorial plane of the tire being the plane passing through the middle of the running surface of the tire and perpendicular to the tire. rotation axis of the tire.
• a conventional tire of the state of the art generally has a large meridian curvature, that is to say a small radius of meridian curvature, at the axial ends of the tread, called shoulders, when the pneumatic, mounted on its mounting rim and inflated to its recommended operating pressure, is subject to its service charge.
• the mounting rim, operating pressure and service load are defined by standards, such as, for example, the standards of the European Tire and Rim Technical Organization (ETRTO).
• a conventional tire carries the load applied, essentially by the axial ends of the tread, or shoulders, and the flanks connecting the tread to beads ensuring the mechanical connection of the tire with its mounting rim. It is known that a meridian flattening of a conventional tire, with a small meridian curve at the shoulders, is generally difficult to obtain.
• US 4235270 discloses a tire having an annular body of elastomeric material, comprising a radially outer cylindrical portion, at the periphery of the tire, which may comprise a tread, and a radially inner cylindrical portion intended to be mounted on a rim.
• a plurality of walls, circumferentially spaced, extend from the radially inner cylindrical portion to the radially outer cylindrical portion, and provide load bearing.
• flanks may connect the two cylindrical portions respectively radially inner and radially outer, to form, in association with the tread and the sidewalls, a closed cavity and thus allow the pressurization of the tire.
• Such a tire has a high mass, compared to a conventional tire, and, because of its massive nature, is likely to dissipate high energy, which can limit its endurance, and therefore its lifetime.
• WO 2009087291 discloses a pneumatic structure comprising two annular rings, respectively internal, or radially inner, and outer, or radially outer, connected by two sides and by a supporting structure.
• the carrier structure is pressurized and shares the annular volume of the tire into a plurality of compartments or cells, and the flanks are connected or integrated with the carrier structure.
• the applied load is carried both by the supporting structure and the flanks.
• the pressure distribution in the contact area is not homogeneous in the axial width of the contact area, with overpressures at the shoulders due to the meridian flattening difficulty due to the connection between the flanks and the supporting structure. These overpressures at the shoulders are likely to generate significant wear of the shoulders of the tread.
• WO 2005007422 discloses an adaptive wheel comprising an adaptive band and a plurality of radii extending radially inwardly from the adaptive band to a hub.
• the adaptive strip is intended to adapt to the surface of contact with a soil and to cover the obstacles.
• the spokes transmit the load carried between the adaptive strip and the hub, thanks to the tensioning of the spokes which are not in contact with the ground.
• Such an adaptive wheel requires an optimization of the distribution of the spokes to ensure a substantially cylindrical periphery.
• an adaptive wheel has a relatively high mass compared to a conventional tire.
• the present invention aims to provide a tire for an improved flattening of the tread when the tire is subjected to a load and which is easy to manufacture from a suitable assembly. [013] Assembly according to the invention
• the invention relates to an assembly, preferably for a tire, the assembly comprising:
• first structure of first wire elements a first structure of first wire elements, the first structure of first wire elements extending in a first general direction
• a carrier structure comprising carrier wire elements connecting the first structure of first wire elements and the second structure of second wire elements together, each carrier wire element comprising at least one carrier wire portion extending between the first structure of first wire elements and the second structure of second wire elements,
• the first structure of first wire elements being arranged so that, for a rest length L of the first structure in the first general direction, expressed in m, the maximum force elongation Art of the first structure of first wire elements according to the first Directorate-General verifies:
• the principle of the assembly according to the invention is to have a bearing structure comprising carrier elements connecting the first structure of first wire elements and and the second structure of second wire elements, and capable, once the assembly arranged in the tire, to carry the load applied to the tire by the tensioning of a portion of the carrier elements positioned outside the contact area, the load-bearing elements positioned in the contact area being subjected to buckling because subjected to a compressive force and therefore not involved in the carrying of the applied load.
• the assembly according to the invention may be ecru, that is to say devoid of any adhesive composition intended to promote adhesion between the first and / or second wire elements with an elastomer composition.
• the assembly according to the invention can also be adhered, that is to say at least partially coated with at least one adhesive composition promoting such adhesion.
• each first and second wired element to be bonded is coated with a layer of an adhesion primer and the primer layer is coated with a layer of adhesive composition.
• each first and second wired element to be bonded is directly coated with a layer of adhesive composition.
• An exemplary adhesion primer is an epoxy resin and / or an isocyanate compound, optionally blocked.
• the adhesive composition used may be a conventional RFL glue (Resorcinol-formaldehyde-latex) or else the glues described in applications WO 2013/017421, WO 2013/017422, WO 2013/017423, WO2015007641 and WO2015007642.
• RFL glue Resorcinol-formaldehyde-latex
• general direction is meant the general direction in which extends the wire element structure along its greater length and which is parallel to the longitudinal edges of the wire element structure.
• a wire element structure wound on a revolution coil about an axis has a general direction substantially parallel to the unwinding direction of the structure (ie the circumferential direction) which is perpendicular to the axial and radial directions of the coil.
• first structure of first wire elements being able to break, the manufacturing process of the tire is largely facilitated. Indeed, the first structure of first wire elements can be broken so as to follow the conformation imposed upon it during the manufacture of the tire. This ability to break from the first structure of first wire elements makes it possible to place the first structure of first wire elements by simply winding it around the wire. forming cylinder in contrast to other embodiments in which other solutions, much more complex industrially, must be used to allow the first structure of first wire elements to follow the conformation imposed during the manufacture of the tire.
• a totally broken structure or zone is a structure or an area in which all the wire elements are broken in at least one point so as to create a structural discontinuity of the structure or zone.
• a wired element or a wired portion is broken when it is completely broken, that is to say when there is a total interruption of each wired element or wired portion concerned.
• the elongation at the maximum force is measured in accordance with the NF EN ISO 13934-1 standard of July 2013.
• This elongation at the maximum force being measured according to the first general direction, it corresponds to the elongation of the first structure first wire elements from which at least one first wire element breaks.
• Other wire elements break on the portion of the elongation between the elongation at the maximum force and the elongation at break as defined in the NF EN ISO 13934-1 standard of July 2013.
• This measurement may be performed on an ecru assembly, an assembly adhered or extracted from a tire.
• the measurement will be performed on an ecru or bonded assembly.
• the properties of the first fabric are determined by subjecting the first fabric to a tensile test in accordance with the NF EN ISO 13934-1 standard of July 2013.
• the intrinsic properties of the filamentary elements are determined by subjecting the wired elements with a tensile test according to ASTM D885 / D885 MA of January 2010.
• H represents, once the assembly integrated in the tire, the average radial height of the inner annular space delimited radially by the internal face of the first structure of first wire elements and the internal face of the second structure of second elements. wired in the absence of load applied to the tire and in the absence of pressure in the tire. This radial height is at least equal to 0.5 times the mean straight distance between the two faces for a wired portion at rest so that, once the assembly is arranged in the tire, the assembly is capable of carrying the load.
• H x K ⁇ H ⁇ HO is such that, in the absence of load applied to the tire and in the absence of pressure in the tire, each carrier wire portion is in a folded state.
• Carrier wire element means any elongate element of great length relative to its cross section, whatever the shape of the latter, for example circular, oblong, rectangular or square, or even flat, this wire element can be for example twisted or corrugated.
• its diameter is preferably less than 5 mm, more preferably in a range from 100 ⁇ to 1, 2 mm.
• Mean distance between the inner face of the first structure of first wire elements and the inner face of the second structure of second wire elements means the distance measured perpendicularly to these two faces. In other words, it is the shortest distance between these two faces. This straight distance is measured and averaged at at least 5 different points equi-distributed over the assembly at rest.
• first structure of first wire elements By the rest length of the first structure of first wire elements is meant a length of the first wire element structure which is neither in extension nor in compression in the first general direction and therefore has zero elongation according to this first general direction.
• the first structure of first wire elements is then subject to any external constraint other than its own weight.
• Each carrier wire element in particular each carrier wire portion which connects the inner faces of the first and second structures respectively of first and second wire elements to one another, can be geometrically characterized by its rest length L P and by its mean section S P , which is the mean of the sections obtained by the section of the wired portion carrying all the surfaces parallel to the first and second structures respectively first and second wire elements and between the first and second respectively first structures and second wire elements.
• the average section S P is equal to this constant section.
• Each carrier wire element in particular each carrier portion, typically has a smaller characteristic dimension E of its average section S P (which is the average of the sections obtained by the section of the carrier wire element by all the surfaces parallel to the first and second structures respectively first and second wire elements and between the first and second structures respectively of first and second wire elements) preferably at most equal to 0.02 times the maximum spacing between the two inner faces of the first and second structures respectively first and second wire elements (which corresponds to the average radial height H of the inner annular space once the assembly arranged within the tire in the absence of load applied to the tire and in the absence of pressure in the tire) and a shape ratio R of its average section S P preferably at most equal to 3.
• E of its average section S P which is the average of the sections obtained by the section of the carrier wire element by all the surfaces parallel to the first and second structures respectively first and second wire elements and between the first and second structures respectively of first and second wire elements
• each carrier element when it is wired, each carrier element has a high slenderness, in the radial direction, allowing it to flare at the passage in the contact area. Outside the contact area, each carrier element returns to its original geometry, because its buckling is reversible. Such a carrier element has a good resistance to fatigue.
• a shape ratio R of its average section S P at most equal to 3 means that the largest characteristic dimension V of its mean section S P is at most equal to 3 times the smallest characteristic dimension E of its mean section. S P.
• a wired carrier element has a wired-type mechanical behavior, that is to say that it can be subjected to extension or compression efforts along its average line.
• the carrier structure comprises a plurality of identical carrying elements, that is to say whose geometric characteristics and constituent materials are identical.
• the carrier elements are arranged so that they are two by two not mechanically linked in a space delimited by the first and second structures respectively of first and second wire elements.
• the supporting elements have independent mechanical behaviors.
• the load-bearing elements are not linked together so as to form a network or a mesh.
• K 0.90 which allows an optimized load port.
• the force developed is measured by applying the NF EN ISO 13934-1 standard of July 2013.
• the first structure of first wire elements breaks under a relatively low stress which allows, during the tire manufacturing process, to use a relatively low conformation stress not likely to damage the blank.
• the maximum force is the force necessary to obtain the elongation at the maximum force as defined in the NF EN ISO 13934-1 standard of July 2013. Thus, at imposed stress, the first structure of first wire elements is broken.
• the smaller the P0 the smaller the stresses can be used during the tire manufacturing process, and the less the rough may be damaged during this process.
• each carrier wire element is textile.
• textile it is meant that each carrier wire element is non-metallic, and is example made of a material chosen from a polyester, a polyamide, a polyketone, a polyvinyl alcohol, a cellulose, a mineral fiber, a natural fiber, an elastomeric material or a mixture of these materials.
• polyesters are PET (polyethylene terephthalate), PEN (polyethylene naphthalate), PBT (polybutylene terephthalate), PBN (polybutylene naphthalate), PPT (polypropylene terephthalate), PPN (polypropylene naphthalate).
• polyamides mention may be made of aliphatic polyamides such as polyamides 4-6, 6, 6-6 (nylon), 11 or 12 and aromatic polyamides such as aramid.
• each carrier wire element is a textile assembly comprising one or more textile monofilament or multi-filamentary fibers, twisted together or not.
• each carrier wire element is made of a monofilament.
• Each monofilament or multi-filament fiber has a diameter of between 5 and 20 ⁇ , for example 10 ⁇ .
• each carrier wire element is metallic, for example an assembly of metal monofilaments, each metal monofilament having a diameter typically less than 50 ⁇ , for example 10 ⁇ .
• each carrier wire element consists of an assembly of several metal monofilaments.
• each carrier wire element is made of a metal monofilament.
• each carrier wire element extends alternately from the first structure of first wire elements to the second structure of second wire elements and from the second structure of second wire elements to the first structure of first wire elements. when moving along the carrier wire element.
• the first structure of first wire elements is a first fabric, the first fabric comprising first wire elements, said chain, substantially parallel to each other and extending in a first direction, called chain, substantially parallel to the first general direction.
• the first chain direction being substantially parallel to the first general direction and the first fabric being able to break, the manufacturing method of the tire is largely facilitated. Indeed, the first fabric can be broken so as to lie sufficiently to follow the conformation imposed upon it during the manufacture of the tire.
• This breaking capacity of the first fabric makes it possible to lay the first fabric by simply wrapping it around the manufacturing cylinder, unlike other embodiments in which other solutions, which are much more complex industrially, must be used to allow the first fabric to follow the conformation imposed during the manufacture of the tire, in particular by producing a first fabric in which the first warp direction forms an angle with the first general direction.
• the first fabric comprises first wired elements, said frame, substantially parallel to each other and extending in a first direction, called weft, and intersecting with the first wired chain elements .
• the first fabric comprises, in a manner known to those skilled in the art, an armor characterizing the intertwining of the first warp warp and weft elements. According to the embodiments, this armor is of the canvas, serge or satin type.
• the armor is of the canvas type.
• the first warp and weft directions form with each other an angle ranging from 70 ° to 90 °, preferably substantially equal to 90 °.
• the mechanical characteristics of such fabrics such as their extension stiffness and their maximum tensile force, according to the direction of the warp or weft elements, depend on the characteristics of the wire elements, such that, for wire elements textile, the title, expressed in tex or g / 1000 m, the tenacity, expressed in cN / tex, and the standard contraction, expressed in%, these wire elements being distributed according to a given density, expressed in number of son / dm. All these characteristics are a function of the constituent material of the wire elements and of their manufacturing process.
• each carrier wire element comprises a first wire anchoring portion of each carrier wire element in the first structure of first wire elements extending the carrier wire portion in the first structure of first wire elements.
• each first wired anchor portion is interleaved with the first structure of first wire elements.
• Such an assembly has the advantage of being able to be manufactured in a single step.
• the interleaving of each carrier element with the first structure of first wire elements makes it possible to ensure the mechanical anchoring of each carrier element in the first structure of first wire elements and thus to confer the desired mechanical properties on the first wire element. supporting structure.
• each first wire anchoring portion is wound at least in part around at least a first wire element the first structure first wire elements.
• the first structure of first wire elements is a first fabric, the first fabric comprising:
• first wire elements called chain elements, substantially parallel to one another and extending in a first, so-called chain direction, substantially parallel to the first general direction, and
• first wired, so-called frame elements substantially parallel to one another and extending in a first direction, referred to as a weft direction, and intersecting with the first wired chain elements, each first wired anchoring portion being wound at least in part around at least a first weft weave element of the first fabric, preferably around at least two first wired adjacent weft elements in the first general direction
• each first wired anchor portion extends in a direction substantially parallel to the first general direction.
• each first wired anchor portion passes alternately from one face of the first fabric to the other face of the first fabric between two adjacent first weft elements around which the first wire wrap portion wraps around. .
• the first wire chain elements extend continuously over the entire length of the first fabric.
• the warp wire elements have no discontinuity along their length, with the exception of possible connections between two ends of two wire elements which form a wire element nevertheless continuous.
• the first wire element first structure comprises: at least one transverse straight zone of a first group of transverse right zone (s), each transverse straight zone of the first right zone group (s) transverse (s) being arranged so as to at least one rupture of at least one transverse straight zone of the first group of transverse right zone (s), preferably one rupture of each transverse straight zone of the first right zone group (s) (s) ) transverse (s),
• each transverse straight zone of the second right transverse zone group (s) being arranged in such a way as to prevent a break in each transverse straight zone of the second group of transverse right zone (s),
• each transverse straight zone of each first and second group of transverse right zone (s) extending over the entire width of the first structure of first wire elements.
• transverse (s) is arranged to prevent an elongation of each transverse straight zone of the second group of right zone (s) transverse (s) in the first general direction.
• each transverse straight zone of the second right zone group (s) (s) ) transverse (s) is arranged to allow an elongation of each transverse straight zone of the second group of right zone (s) transverse (s) in the first general direction.
• a transverse straight zone is delimited longitudinally by two imaginary lines substantially perpendicular to the first general direction of the wire element structure.
• a transverse straight zone extends over the entire width of the wire element structure, that is to say that the transverse straight zone is delimited transversely by the longitudinal edges of the wire element structure.
• the first structure of first wire elements is a first fabric, the first fabric comprising first wire elements, said chain, substantially parallel to each other and extending in a first direction, called chain, substantially parallel to the first general direction.
• each transverse straight zone of the first right transverse zone group (s) is arranged to cause at least one break of each first wire element of chain in at least one a transverse straight zone of the first group of transverse right zone (s), of preferably in each transverse straight zone of the first group of transverse right zone (s).
• each transverse straight zone of the second group of transverse right zone (s) is arranged so as to prevent a break of each first wire element of chain in each transverse straight zone.
• transverse section (s) is arranged to prevent an elongation of each first wire chain element in the first general direction in each transverse straight zone of the second group of transverse right zone (s).
• each transverse straight zone of the second right transverse zone (s) group (s) is arranged to allow an elongation of each first chain wired element according to the first general direction in each transverse straight zone of the second group of transverse right zone (s).
• each transverse straight zone of the second group of transverse right zone (s). (s) is arranged so as to prevent a spacing of the first wireframe elements relative to each other according to the first general direction in each transverse straight zone of the second group of right zone (s) transverse (s).
• each transverse straight zone of the second right cross-section group (s) (s) is arranged to allow a spacing of the first wired elements of frame relative to each other in the first general direction in each transverse straight zone of the second group of right zone (s) transverse (s).
• each transverse straight zone of the first group is a so-called breakable zone. Such zones are capable of breaking in the conformation conditions and participate in the conformability of the first structure of first wire elements.
• each transverse straight zone of the second group is a non-breakable zone.
• each transverse straight zone of the second group is dimensionally stable.
• each transverse straight zone of the second group is deformable. Such zones do not break and do not lengthen in the conformation conditions and do not contribute to the conformability of the first structure of first wire elements.
• each so-called transverse right-hand zone of the first group breaks to allow the conformation of the assembly and compensates for non-elongation or low elongation and non-rupture of the so-called non-breakable straight zones of the second group.
• the number of fractures in the set of cross-sectional straight zones of the first group will be greater if the so-called cross-sectional straight zones of the first group are short and few in number relative to the so-called non-breakable cross-sectional zones of the second group.
• the portions of each first wire element of chain located in each transverse straight zone said breakable of the first group is break in sufficient points to allow the conformation of the assembly and compensates for the non-elongation and / or non-rupture of the portions of each first wire chain element located in the so-called transverse straight zones of the second group.
• each so-called breakable zone of the first group is capable of breaking under a relatively low stress, which makes it possible, during the manufacturing process of the tire, to use a relatively low conformation stress that does not risk damaging the blank. unlike each so-called non-breakable zone of the second group.
• the maximum force elongation Art1 of each transverse straight zone of the first group of transverse right zone (s) according to the first general direction checks Art1 ⁇ (2 ⁇ x H) / SLd1 with SLd1 being the sum of the rest lengths Ld1 of all transverse straight zones of the first group of transverse right zone (s).
• the elongation at the maximum force is measured according to the NF EN ISO 13934-1 standard of July 2013 on transverse straight zone samples of the first group of transverse right zone (s).
• the breaking elongation Arc of each first wire element chain satisfies Arc ⁇ (2 ⁇ x H) / SLd1.
• Arc elongation is measured according to ASTM D885 / D885 MA January 2010.
• the elongation at maximum force and the stress exerted are determined in accordance with the NF EN ISO 13934-1 standard of July 2013.
• each carrier wire element comprising a first wired anchoring portion of each carrier wire element in the first structure of first wire elements extending the carrier wire portion in the first structure of first wire elements:
• each transverse straight zone of the first group of transverse right zone (s) is devoid of any first wire anchoring portion over the entire width of the first structure of first wire elements
• each transverse straight zone of the second group of right transverse zone (s) comprises at least a first wire anchor portion over the width of the first wire element structure.
• each transverse straight zone of the second group of right zone (s) transverse (s) is arranged to prevent a rupture of each first wired portion anchor.
• each straight zone comprising at least a first anchor wire portion is non-breakable and under a relatively high stress which allows, during the tire manufacturing process, to use a conformation constraint adapted ne not likely to damage the roughing.
• each transverse right zone of the second group of transverse right zone (s) is arranged so as to prevent an elongation of each first wire anchor portion according to the first general direction .
• each transverse right zone of the second group of right zone (s) transverse (s) is arranged to allow an elongation of each first wired anchor portion in the first direction General.
• the smaller the P0 the smaller the stresses can be used during the tire manufacturing process, and the less the rough may be damaged during this process.
• each transverse straight zone of the first group of transverse right zone (s) alternates, according to the first general direction, with a transverse straight zone of the second group of transverse right zone (s).
• breaks are obtained regularly distributed over the whole of the first structure of first wire elements, these breaks being all the more evenly distributed that the rest length of each Transverse straight area according to the first general direction is small.
• the length at rest of a straight transverse zone according to the first general direction means the length of the zone in the longitudinal direction in the absence of any external stress exerted on the zone (other than the atmospheric pressure).
• a transverse straight zone at rest in the first general direction is neither extended nor in compression in this direction and therefore has a zero elongation in this direction.
• each first wired string element comprises at least one multifilament strand comprising several monofilaments each consisting of a material chosen from a polyester, a polyamide, a polyketone, a polyurethane, a natural fiber, a mineral fiber, preferably selected from a polyester, a polyamide, a polyketone, a polyurethane and an assembly of these materials.
• each first wire chain member comprises a single multifilament strand.
• the second structure of second wire elements extending in a second general direction, the second general direction is substantially parallel to the first main direction.
• the second structure of second wire elements is a second fabric or knit.
• the second structure of second wire elements is a fabric comprising:
• the second fabric comprises, in a manner known to those skilled in the art, a weave characterizing the intertwining of the second wired string and weft elements.
• this armor is of the canvas, serge or satin type.
• the armor is of the canvas type.
• the second warp and weft directions form with each other an angle ranging from 70 ° to 90 °, preferably substantially equal to 90 °.
• the second fabric extending in a second general direction, the second chain direction of the second wire elements being substantially parallel to the second general direction.
• Such a second fabric allows a method of manufacturing the assembly and the tire largely facilitated.
• the second fabric or knit is a knit comprising interlaced loops.
• each carrier wire element comprises a second wired anchor portion of each carrier wire element in the second structure of second wire elements extending the carrier wire portion in the second structure of second wire elements.
• each second wired anchor portion is interleaved with the second structure of second wire elements.
• Such an assembly has the advantage of being able to be manufactured in a single step.
• the interleaving of each carrier element with the second structure of second wire elements makes it possible to mechanically anchor each carrier element in the second structure of second wire elements and thus to impart the desired mechanical properties to the supporting structure.
• each second wire anchoring portion is wound at least in part around at least one second wire element of the second structure of second wire elements.
• the second structure of second filament elements is a fabric comprising:
• each second wired anchor portion is wound at least partly around minus a second weft weave element of the second fabric, preferably around at least two second wired adjacent weft elements in the second general direction.
• each second wired anchor portion extends in a direction substantially parallel to the second general direction.
• each second wired anchor portion alternately passes from one face of the second fabric to the other face of the second fabric between two adjacent second weft elements around which the second anchor wire portion wraps around. .
• the second wire chain elements extend continuously over the entire length of the second fabric.
• Impregnated assembly according to the invention.
• Another object of the invention is an impregnated assembly, preferably for a tire, comprising:
• first and second layers respectively of first and second polymeric compositions
• the first structure of first filamentary elements is impregnated at least in part with the first polymeric composition
• the second structure of second filamentary elements is impregnated at least in part with the second polymeric composition.
• each first and second wire element structure of the assembly is impregnated with the corresponding polymeric composition.
• each wireframe structure comprises a fabric impregnated with the corresponding polymeric composition.
• the first wire element structure comprises a fabric impregnated with the first polymeric composition and the second wire element structure comprises a tricot impregnated with the second composition.
• each polymeric composition penetrates at least the surface of the structure of wire elements.
• each polymeric composition comprises at least one elastomer, preferably a diene elastomer.
• elastomer or rubber both terms being synonymous
• elastomer or rubber is generally meant an elastomer derived at least in part (ie a homopolymer or a copolymer) from monomers dienes (monomers carrying two carbon-carbon double bonds, conjugated or not). This composition can then be either in the raw state or in the cooked state.
• the diene elastomer of the rubber composition is chosen from the group consisting of polybutadienes (BR), synthetic polyisoprenes (IR), natural rubber (NR), butadiene copolymers, copolymers of isoprene and mixtures of these elastomers.
• Such copolymers are more preferably selected from the group consisting of butadiene-styrene copolymers (SBR), isoprene-butadiene copolymers (BIR), isoprene-styrene copolymers (SIR), isoprene-copolymers of butadiene-styrene (SBIR) and mixtures of such copolymers.
• Each polymer composition may contain a single diene elastomer or a mixture of several diene elastomers, the diene elastomer or elastomers which may be used in combination with any type of synthetic elastomer other than diene, or even with polymers other than elastomers, for example thermoplastic polymers.
• each polymer composition comprises, in addition to the elastomer, preferably diene, a reinforcing filler, for example carbon black, a crosslinking system, for example a vulcanization system. and various additives.
• a reinforcing filler for example carbon black
• a crosslinking system for example a vulcanization system.
• each polymer composition comprises at least one thermoplastic polymer.
• a thermoplastic polymer is by definition thermofusible. Examples of such thermoplastic polymers are aliphatic polyamides, for example nylon, polyesters, for example PET or PEN, and thermoplastic elastomers.
• thermoplastic elastomers are elastomers in the form of block copolymers based on thermoplastic blocks.
• thermoplastic polymers and elastomers consist in known manner of thermoplastic rigid blocks, especially polystyrene connected by flexible elastomer blocks, for example polybutadiene or polyisoprene for unsaturated TPE or poly (ethylene / butylene) for saturated TPEs.
• TPE block copolymers are generally characterized by the presence of two glass transition peaks, the first peak (lowest temperature, generally negative) being relative to the elastomer block of the TPE copolymer, the second peak (highest temperature, positive, typically greater than 80 ° C for preferred elastomers TPS)) being relative to the thermoplastic part (eg styrene blocks) of the TPE copolymer.
• TPE elastomers are often triblock elastomers with two rigid segments connected by a flexible segment. The rigid and flexible segments can be arranged linearly, star or connected.
• TPE elastomers may also be diblock elastomers with a single rigid segment connected to a flexible segment.
• each of these segments or blocks contains at least more than 5, usually more than 10 base units (e.g., styrene units and isoprene units for a styrene / isoprene / styrene block copolymer).
• the thermoplastic elastomer is unsaturated.
• unsaturated TPE elastomer is meant by definition and well known manner a TPE elastomer which is provided with ethylenic unsaturations, that is to say which has carbon-carbon double bonds (conjugated or not); reciprocally, a saturated TPE elastomer is of course a TPE elastomer which is free of such double bonds.
• the first and second polymeric compositions may be different or identical.
• the first polymeric composition may comprise a diene elastomer and the second polymeric composition may comprise a thermoplastic elastomer or vice versa.
• the invention also relates to a tire of revolution around a main axis comprising:
• a first revolution structure comprising a first structure of first wire elements
• a second revolution structure comprising a second structure of second wire elements, the second revolution structure being arranged radially inside the first revolution structure
• a carrier structure comprising carrier wire elements connecting the first structure of first wire elements and the second structure of second wire elements together, each carrier wire element comprising at least one carrier wire portion extending between the first structure of first wire elements and the second structure of second wire elements, an inner annular space delimited radially by an inner face of the first structure of first wire elements and an inner face of the second structure of second wire elements, with:
• HO is the average radial height of the inner annular space when each wired portion is at rest
• wired portion resting carrier means a wired portion carrier which is neither extended nor in compression and therefore has a zero elongation.
• the wired portion carrier is then subject to any external stress other than its own weight and the weight of the elements to which it is linked.
• radial height of the inner annular space is meant the mean of the corresponding radial height measured in at least 5 different circumferentially equi-distributed points around the tire and measured in the median circumferential plane of the tire defined as the plane. which is normal to the axis of rotation of the tire and which is equidistant from the reinforcing structures of each bead.
• the first radially outer revolution structure of the tire is intended to ensure, among other functions, the connection of the assembly with a crown revolution structure.
• the second radially inner revolution structure of the tire is intended to ensure, among other functions, the connection of the assembly, and therefore of the tire, with the mounting means.
• the first radially outer revolution structure of the tire has an axis of revolution coincident with the axis of rotation of the tire.
• the second radially inner revolution of the tire is coaxial with the first radially outer revolution structure of the tire.
• the inner annular space In the absence of load applied to the tire and in the absence of pressure in the tire, the inner annular space has an average radial height H.
• the carrier elements When the tire is subjected to a nominal radial load Z N and is in contact with a ground plane by a contact surface A, the carrier elements, connected to the portion of the first radially outer revolution structure of the tire in contact with the ground via the first structure of first wire elements, are subjected to compression buckling and at least a portion of the carrier elements, connected to the portion of first radially outer revolution of the tire not in contact with the ground, are in tension.
• the average surface density DS of wafer portions per unit area of the first radially outer revolution structure being at least equal to (S / S E ) * Z N / (A * Fr), where S is the area, in m 2, of the radially inner face of a vertex revolution structure, S E is the connecting surface between the outer face of the first revolution structure radially outer diameter and the radially inner face of the crown revolution structure, in m2, Z N is the nominal radial load, in N, applied to the tire, A is the ground contact area, in m2, of the tire, and Fr breaking force, at N, of each carrier portion.
• the nominal radial load Z N is the recommended load for the use of the tire.
• the ground contact surface A is the surface in which the tire is crushed on the ground under the action of the nominal radial load Z N.
• the expression according to which DS is at least equal to (S / S E ) * Z N / (A * Fr) expresses, in particular, the fact that the average surface density DS of the carrier portions is all the more strong that the nominal radial load Z N high and / or that the ratio of S E / S surfaces, representing the recovery rate of the radially inner face of the crown revolution structure by the first radially outer revolution structure, is low .
• the average surface density DS of the carrier portions is even lower than the tensile strength Fr of a carrier portion is high.
• Such an average surface density DS of the carrier portions makes it possible, on the one hand, for the load-bearing members extended outside the contact area to carry the nominal radial load Z N , and, on the other hand, for the elements compression carriers in the contact area to ensure a flattening of the tread, both in a circumferential plane and in a meridian plane, improved over the known tires of the state of the art.
• the surface density of the carrier portions is constant both in the circumferential direction and in the axial direction, that is to say that the distribution of the carrier portions is uniform both circumferentially and axially: the density Average surface area DS is therefore equal to the constant surface density.
• the advantage of a constant surface density is to contribute to giving the tread a quasi-cylindrical geometry, with a so-called “daisy effect" effect reduced compared to other tires of the state of the tread. technical.
• the surface density of the carrier portions may be variable in the circumferential direction and / or in the axial direction, that is to say that the distribution of the carrier portions is not necessarily uniformly circumferentially and / or axially, hence the introduction of the average density characteristic DS of carrier portions.
• the surface density DS of the carrier portions is advantageously at least 3 * (S / S E ) * Z N / (A * Fr).
• a higher surface density of carrier portions improves the homogenization of pressures in the ground contact area and ensures a higher safety factor with respect to the load applied and endurance.
• the surface density DS of the carrier portions is even more advantageously at least equal to 6 * (S / S E ) * Z N / (A * Fr).
• An even higher surface density of carrier portions further improves the homogenization of the pressures in the ground contact area and further increases the safety factor with respect to the applied load and with respect to endurance.
• the average surface density DS of the carrier portions is advantageously at least equal to 5000.
• the surface S E is substantially equal to the surface S, that is to say that the first radially outer revolution structure completely covers the radially inner face of the crown revolution structure.
• the average surface density DS of the minimum carrier portions is equal to Z N / (A * Fr).
• S E is different from S and even S E ⁇ S.
• the first revolution structure is not necessarily continuous (axially and / or circumferentially) and may consist of juxtaposed wire element structure portions: in this case, the surface S E is the sum of the connecting surfaces. between the outer faces of the first radially outer revolution structure and the radially inner face of the vertex revolution structure.
• S E ⁇ S the first radially outer revolution structure does not completely cover, that is to say covers only partially, the radially inner face of the crown revolution structure.
• This design advantageously allows to have an assembly that can be manufactured independently and integrated integrally during the manufacture of the tire.
• the assembly used may be secured to other elements of the tire by vulcanization, bonding or any other method of bonding the first and second layers of the first and second polymeric compositions.
• the first structure of radially outer first wire elements and the second radially inner second wire element structure serve as interfaces between the carrier elements and the respectively radially outer and radially inner revolution structures which are therefore not in direct contact.
• HOx K ⁇ H ⁇ H0 which means that, in the absence of a load applied to the tire and in the absence of pressure in the tire, the wired portions carrying the Carrier wire elements are in a folded state.
• the first revolution structure comprises a first layer of a first polymeric composition
• the first structure of first wire elements being impregnated at least in part with the first polymer composition
• the second structure of revolution comprises a second layer of a second polymeric composition, the second structure of second filamentary elements being impregnated at least in part with the second polymeric composition.
• Each first and second polymeric composition makes it possible to ensure the physico-chemical cohesion of the assembly with the other elements of the tire.
• the tire comprises:
• crown revolution structure arranged radially outside the first revolution structure
• each flank having a curvilinear length L F
• the curvilinear length L F of each flank is advantageously at least equal to 1 .05 times, preferably 1 .15 times the average radial height H of the flank. inner annular space.
• the curvilinear length L F of each flank is at least equal to 1 .3 times and at most equal to 1 .6 times the average radial height H of the inner annular space. This flank length characteristic ensures that the deformation of the sidewall will not disturb the meridian flattening of the tire due to a too small curvature.
• flanks are not directly related to the assembly and preferably are not directly connected to the carrier elements.
• the flanks contribute in part to the load bearing, according to their own structural rigidity.
• the flanks have an independent mechanical behavior and do not interfere in the mechanical behavior of the supporting structure.
• the flanks generally comprise at least one elastomeric material and may optionally comprise a reinforcing reinforcement.
• the tire In the case of effective pressurization by an inflation gas, the tire then has a pneumatic rigidity, due to the pressure, which will also contribute to the wearing of the applied load.
• the pressure is at least 0.5 bar, preferably at least 1 bar. The higher the pressure, the higher the contribution of the pneumatic stiffness to the load carrying capacity applied, and, correlatively, the greater the contribution of the structural rigidity of the supporting structure and / or the flanks and / or the first and second structures. of revolution at the port of the applied load is weak.
• the tire comprises a carcass revolution structure arranged radially between the first revolution structure and the crown revolution structure.
• the carcass revolution structure extends continuously between each axial end of the second revolution structure radially through each flank and axially over the entire axial width of the first revolution structure.
• the carcass revolution structure comprises a carcass ply comprising elements of carcass reinforcements substantially parallel to each other in a direction making an angle greater than or equal to 65 °, preferably greater than or equal to 80 ° and more preferably substantially equal to 90 ° with the circumferential direction of the pneumatic.
• a carcass revolution structure favors the uniform deformation of the first structure of first wire elements, and in the corresponding embodiments, the uniform deformation of the transverse straight zones known as deformable zones.
• the inventors theorize that the deformation forces according to the first general direction of the first structure of first wire elements are, during the manufacturing process of the tire, transmitted along the first structure of first wire elements by the structure of revolution. carcass.
• the crown revolution structure comprises two working plies, each working ply comprising working reinforcement elements substantially parallel to each other in a direction at an angle ranging from 15 ° to 40 °, preferably ranging from 20 ° to 30 ° with the circumferential direction of the tire, the reinforcing elements being crossed from one working ply to the other.
• the crown revolution structure comprises a shrink wrapping sheet comprising reinforcing wire reinforcing elements substantially parallel to each other forming an angle at most equal to 10 °, preferably ranging from 5 ° to 10 ° with the circumferential direction of the tire.
• the shrink web is arranged radially outside the working plies.
• the second structure of second wire elements is a second fabric or knit.
• the first structure of first wire elements being a first fabric comprising first wire elements, said chain elements, substantially parallel to each other and extending in a first, so-called chain direction, the circumferential direction of the tire forms an angle less than or equal to 10 ° with the first warp direction and each first wire warp element is broken in at least one point of its length.
• each first wire chain element is broken, in other words H ⁇ (L x Art) / (2 TT) with L being the length before conformation of the first fabric.
• the first structure of first wired elements comprises:
• each transverse straight zone of the second group of transverse right zone (s) being unbroken
• each transverse straight zone of each first and second group of transverse right zone (s) extending over the entire width of the first structure of first wire elements.
• transverse (s) has a substantially zero elongation in the circumferential direction of the tire.
• each transverse straight zone of the second right zone group (s) (s) ) transverse (s) has a non-zero elongation in the circumferential direction of the tire.
• the first structure of first wire elements is a first fabric comprising first wire elements, said chain elements, substantially parallel to each other and extending in a first direction, said chain, the direction circumferential tire forming an angle less than or equal to 10 ° with the first warp direction.
• each first wire chain element is broken in at least one point of its length in at least one transverse straight zone of the first group of transverse right zone (s), preferably in each transverse straight zone of the first group of transverse right zone (s).
• each first wire wired element of each transverse straight zone of the second group of right transverse zone (s) present is unbroken.
• each first wire chain element of each transverse straight zone of the second zone group has a substantially zero elongation in the circumferential direction of the tire.
• each transverse straight zone of the first group of transverse right zone (s) has at least one breaking point of the first structure first wire elements, and in the case of a first fabric, each transverse straight zone of the first group of transverse right zone (s) has at least one breaking point of at least a first wire element of chain.
• each transverse straight zone of the first group of transverse right zone (s) according to the first general direction is substantially equal to ((2 ⁇ x H) + SLd1) / N with N being the number of transverse straight zones of the first group of transverse right zone (s) comprised on the circumference of the tire and by circumferential winding of the first structure of first wire elements around the main axis of revolution of the tire and SLd1 being the sum of the idle lengths Ld1 of the straight transverse zones of the first group of right zone (s) transverse (s) according to the first general direction.
• Each transverse straight zone of the first group of transverse right zone (s) being broken, the sum of the broken lengths of each transverse straight zone of the first group of transverse right zone (s) according to the first general direction, is substantially equal to ((2 ⁇ x H) + SLd1).
• each transverse straight zone of the second group of transverse right zone (s) being identical, the elongation of each transverse straight zone of the second group of zone (s).
• straight line (s) transverse (s) according to the first general direction is preferably substantially zero.
• the elongation is measured according to the NF EN ISO 13934-1 standard of July 2013.
• the length of each transverse straight zone of the second group of right transverse zone (s) according to the first general direction is then substantially equal to the rest length of each transverse straight zone of the second group of transverse right zone (s).
• the conformation of the first structure of first wire elements is obtained solely through breaks in the so-called transverse straight zones of the first group of transverse right zone (s) without any contribution of any elongation or rupture of the zones.
• each first wired chain element of each transverse straight zone of the second group of right zone (s) cross (s) has a non-zero elongation in the circumferential direction of the tire.
• each carrier wire element comprising a first wired anchoring portion of each carrier wire element in the first structure of first wire elements extending the carrier wire portion in the first structure of first wire elements:
• each transverse straight zone of the first group of transverse right zone (s) is devoid of any first wire anchoring portion over the entire width of the first structure of first wire elements
• each transverse straight zone of the second group of right transverse zone (s) comprises at least a first wire anchor portion over the width of the first wire element structure.
• each wired anchor portion is unbroken.
• each wire anchor portion has a substantially zero elongation in the circumferential direction of the tire.
• each wire anchor portion has a non-zero elongation in the circumferential direction of the tire.
• each transverse straight zone of the first group of transverse right zone (s) alternates, in the circumferential direction of the tire, with a transverse right zone of the second group of right zone (s) (s). ) transverse (s).
• first structure of first wire elements is a first fabric comprising first wire elements
• said chain elements substantially parallel to each other and extending in a first, so-called chain direction
• the first warp direction and the circumferential direction of the tire form a substantially zero angle
• the assembly extends circumferentially over at most one complete revolution about the main axis so that the first structure of revolution forms an axially continuous cylindrical winding of the assembly between the two sides of the tire.
• at most one complete revolution is used, that is to say at least one revolution but less than two complete revolutions.
• the junction between the two ends of the assembly can be achieved by overlapping or butting.
• the first structure of first wire elements is a first fabric comprising first wire elements, said chain elements, substantially parallel to each other and extending in a first, so-called chain direction
• the first warp direction and the circumferential direction of the tire form a substantially non-zero angle of less than 10 °, preferably a substantially non-zero angle of less than or equal to 5 °
• the assembly extends circumferentially over several complete turns around the main axis so that the first structure of revolution forms an axially discontinuous helical winding of the assembly between both sides of the tire.
• the assembly is wound on several complete turns without it being necessary to join the two ends of the assembly.
• each circumferential end of each transverse straight zone of the first group of right zone (s). (s) transverse (s) of a turn is axially substantially aligned with each circumferential end of each transverse straight zone of the first group of transverse right zone (s) of each adjacent tower.
• each circumferential end of each transverse straight zone of the first group of right zone (s). (s) transverse (s) of a turn is located between the axial extensions of the two circumferential ends of each transverse straight zone of the first group of transverse right zone (s) of each adjacent tower.
• the broken areas are distributed axially.
• transverse (s) of one turn are axially substantially aligned with circumferential ends of at least one transverse straight zone of the first group of transverse right zone (s) of each adjacent tower and some ends circumferential circumferences of certain transverse straight zones of the first group of transverse right zone (s) of a turn are between the axial extensions of the two circumferential ends of certain transverse straight zones of the first group of right zone (s) (s) transverse (s) of each adjacent tower.
• the subject of the invention is a mounted assembly comprising a pneumatic as defined above, the tire being mounted on a mounting means of the assembly mounted on a vehicle.
• the mounting means is for example a rim.
• the mounting means comprises a face cooperating with an external face of the tire according to the invention.
• the two cooperating faces are held in contact with each other, for example by gluing or by the pressure forces resulting from the inflation of the tire.
• the subject of the invention is a method for manufacturing a tire in which:
• an assembly comprising:
• a carrier structure comprising carrier wire elements connecting the first structure of first wire elements and the second structure of second wire elements together, each carrier wire element comprising at least one carrier wire portion extending between the first structure of first wire elements and the second structure of second wire elements,
• H0 x K ⁇ H ⁇ H0 which means that, in the absence of a load applied to the tire and in the absence of pressure in the tire, the carrier wire elements are in a folded state.
• the first structure of first wire elements breaks under a relatively low stress, which makes it possible, during the manufacturing process of the tire, to use a relatively low conformation stress that does not risk damaging the blank.
• a first force is applied to the first structure of first wire elements, depending on the direction circumferential circumference of the forming cylinder, greater than or equal to the maximum force of the first structure of first wire elements.
• the maximum force is the force necessarily to obtain the elongation at the maximum force as defined in the NF EN ISO 13934-1 standard of July 2013. Thus, the first structure of first wire elements is broken.
• the second structure of second wire elements is a second fabric or knit.
• first structure of first wire elements being a first fabric comprising first wire elements, said chain elements, substantially parallel to each other and extending in a first direction, said chain:
• the assembly is wrapped around the manufacturing roll so that the first warp direction and the circumferential direction of the making roll form an angle less than or equal to 10 °, and
• the first fabric is spread radially with respect to the axis of revolution so that each first wire element of chain breaks in at least one point of its length.
• each first wire chain element is, at the end of the radial spacing step, broken.
• the first structure of first wire elements comprises:
• transverse straight zone of a first group of transverse right zone (s)
• each transverse straight zone of each first and second group of transverse right zone (s) extending over the entire width of the first structure of first wire elements
• At least one transverse straight zone of the first group of transverse right zone (s) is completely broken in at least one point of its length, preferably one totally breaks each transverse straight zone of the first zone group (s). ) transverse straight in at least one point of its length, and
• each transverse straight zone is lengthened in the circumferential direction of the making cylinder.
• second group of transverse right zone (s) is made it possible to obtain transverse straight zones of the second group of deformable transverse zone (s).
• the first structure of first wire elements is a first fabric comprising first wire elements, said chain elements, substantially parallel to each other and extending in a first direction, said chain, the direction circumferential circumference of the forming roll forming an angle less than or equal to 10 ° with the first warp direction.
• each first wire wired element of at least one transverse straight zone of the first group of transverse right zone (s) is broken down into at least one point of its length. in the transverse straight zone of the first group of transverse right zone (s), preferably each first wire element of each transverse straight zone of the first group of right transverse zone (s) is broken (s) at least one point of its length on the transverse right zone of the first group of transverse right zone (s).
• the first first warp element of each warp is lengthened along the first warp direction. each transverse straight zone of the second group of transverse right zone (s).
• substantially none it is meant that one does not break and / or that one elongates any first wire chain element or an insufficient number of first wire chain elements or with an insignificant elongation to participate to the conformation of the first tissue.
• each carrier wire element comprising a first wire anchoring portion of each carrier wire element in the first structure of first wire elements extending the carrier wire portion in the first structure of first wire elements:
• each transverse straight zone of the first group of transverse right zone (s) is devoid of any first wire anchoring portion over the entire width of the first structure of first wire elements
• each transverse straight zone of the second group of right transverse zone (s) comprises at least a first wire anchor portion over the width of the first wire element structure.
• no first wired anchor portion is substantially broken.
• each first wired anchor portion is elongated in the circumferential direction of the forming cylinder each first wired anchor portion.
• each transverse straight zone of the first group of right transverse zone (s) alternates, in the circumferential direction of the forming cylinder, with a transverse straight zone of the second group of zone (s). right (s) transverse (s).
• first structure of first wire elements is a first fabric comprising first wire elements
• said chain elements substantially parallel to each other and extending in a first, so-called chain direction
• the first warp direction and the circumferential direction of the forming roll form a substantially zero angle
• the assembly is wound circumferentially over at most one complete revolution around the main axis so that the first structure of revolution forms an axially continuous helical winding of the assembly. between the two sides of the tire.
• first structure of first wire elements is a first fabric comprising first wire elements
• said chain elements substantially parallel to each other and extending in a first, so-called chain direction
• the first warp direction and the circumferential direction of the forming roll form a substantially non-zero angle less than 10 °, preferably a substantially non-zero angle less than or equal to 5 °.
• the assembly is wrapped circumferentially over several complete turns around the main axis so that the first structure of revolution forms an axially discontinuous cylindrical winding of the assembly between the two sidewalls of the tire.
• the assembly is wound so that each circumferential end of each transverse straight zone of the first group of transverse right zone (s) of a turn is axially substantially aligned with each circumferential end of each transverse straight zone of the first group of transverse right zone (s) of each adjacent tower.
• the assembly is wound so that each circumferential end of each transverse straight zone of the first group of right cross-sectional area (s) of a turn is located between the axial extensions of the two circumferential ends of each transverse straight zone of the first cross-sectional area group (s) of each adjacent tower.
• the assembly is wound up so that certain circumferential ends of certain transverse straight zones of the first group of transverse right zone (s) of a turn are axially substantially aligned with circumferential ends of at least one transverse straight zone of the first group of transverse right zone (s) (s) ) of each adjacent tower and certain circumferential ends of certain transverse straight zones of the first group of transverse right zone (s) of a tower are located between the axial extensions of the two circumferential ends of certain transverse straight zones of the first group of transverse right zone (s) of each adjacent tower.
• the first fabric and the second fabric or knit are impregnated respectively by a first layer of a first polymeric composition and a second layer of a second composition polymer, so as to form during the winding step of the assembly a first structure of revolution comprising the first fabric impregnated at least in part with the first polymeric composition and so as to form a second structure of revolution comprising the second fabric or knit impregnated at least in part with the second polymeric composition;
• each axial end of the first revolution structure is connected to each axial end of the second revolution structure by a flank so as to constitute the inner annular space.
• the two flanks axially delimiting the inner annular space.
• a carcass revolution structure is wound radially outside the first structure of revolution.
• each axial end of the second structure of revolution is continuously connected by the carcass revolution structure extending radially through each flank and axially over the entire axial width of the first structure of revolution.
• the inner annular space is formed by pressurization by an inflation gas of the inner annular space.
• a crown revolution structure is wound radially outside the first structure of first wire elements, and preferably radially outwardly of the carcass revolution structure.
• a tread is wound radially outside the first structure of first wire elements, preferably radially outside the revolution structure. of summit.
• the crown revolution structure and the tread are radially wound simultaneously. previously assembled together.
• Figure 1 is a perspective view in partial section of a tire according to a first embodiment of the invention shown in the absence of applied load and pressure;
• FIG. 2 is a detailed view of revolution structures of the tire of FIG. 1, in particular of a carrying structure comprising carrying wire elements;
• Figure 3 is a circumferential sectional view of the tire of Figure 1, shown in a crushed state under the effect of a load and in the presence of pressure;
• Figure 4 is a meridian sectional view of the tire of Figure 3;
• Figure 5 is a torn view of the tire of Figure 1 illustrating a first structure of first wire elements of an assembly according to the invention integrated in the tire of Figure 1;
• FIG. 6 is a view similar to that of FIG. 3 of the tire of FIG. 1 in which each carrying wired portion of each carrier wire element is at rest;
• Figure 7 is a view similar to that of Figure 3 of the tire of Figure 1 in the absence of applied load and pressure;
• Figure 8 is a view of a wired element carrying the carrier structure;
• - Figure 9 is a top of the assembly of Figure 5 before its integration with the tire;
• FIG. 10 is a sectional view of the assembly of FIG. 9 according to the plan cutting section PP 'illustrating carrier elements in a folded state;
• FIG. 11 is a view similar to that of FIG. 10, illustrating bearing elements in a state at rest of the tire of FIG. 6;
• FIG. 12 is a view similar to that of FIG. 10, illustrating bearing elements in the absence of applied load and tire pressure of FIGS. 1 and 7;
• FIGS 13 to 17 are schematic views of the various steps of the manufacturing method of the tire of Figure 1;
• Figures 18 and 19 are schematic views of the tire respectively before and after the formation of an inner annular space
• Figure 20 is a view similar to that of Figure 1 of a tire according to a second embodiment of the invention.
• Figure 21 is a view similar to that of Figure 5 of a first variant of the tire of Figure 20;
• FIG. 22 is a view similar to that of FIG. 5 of a second variant of the tire of FIG.
• a reference X, Y, Z corresponding to the usual orientations respectively axial (in the direction YY '), radial (in the direction ZZ') and circumferential (in the direction XX ') of a tire.
• the axes ZZ 'and XX' define the median circumferential plane of the tire.
• FIG. 1 shows a tire according to a first embodiment of the invention and designated by the general reference 20.
• the tire 20 is substantially of revolution about a principal axis substantially parallel to the axial direction YY '.
• the tire 20 is here intended for a passenger vehicle.
• the tire 20 is mounted on a mounting means 22, here a rim, thus forming a mounted assembly 23 according to the invention for vehicle.
• the tire 20 comprises a first revolution structure 25 and a second revolution structure 27.
• the second revolution structure 27 is arranged radially inside the first revolution structure 25.
• These first and second revolution structures 25 , 27 form part of an impregnated assembly 21 described in more detail below.
• the first revolution structure 25 comprises a first structure 10 of wire elements, here a first fabric 26 and a first layer 33 of a first polymeric composition 34, the first fabric 26 being impregnated at least in part with the first polymeric composition 34.
• the second revolution structure 27 comprises a second structure 12 of wire elements, here a second fabric or knit 28, and preferably a fabric 28, and a second layer 35 of a second polymeric composition 36, the second fabric 28 being impregnated at least in part with the second polymeric composition 36.
• the second structure 27 comprises a knit impregnated at least in part by the second polymeric composition 36.
• first fabric 26 is arranged radially outwardly with respect to the second fabric 28.
• Each first and second polymeric composition 34, 36 comprises, for example, an elastomeric composition comprising at least one elastomer, preferably diene for example natural rubber.
• the impregnated assembly 21 comprises an assembly 24 comprising the first and second impregnated fabrics 26, 28, each first and second impregnated fabric 26, 28 respectively forming each first and second revolution structures 25, 27.
• the assembly 24 comprises also a carrier structure 30 comprising carrier wire elements 32 connecting the first and second fabrics 26, 28 between them.
• the carrier structure 30 is constituted by a plurality of wired elements 32 all identical.
• the tire 20 comprises a carcass revolution structure 51 and a crown revolution structure 55.
• the carcass revolution structure 51 is arranged radially between the first revolution structure 25 and the crown revolution structure 55.
• the carcass revolution structure 51 comprises a carcass ply 53 comprising carcass reinforcement elements substantially parallel to each other in a direction making an angle greater than or equal to 65 °, preferably greater than or equal to 80 °. and here more preferably substantially equal to 90 ° with the circumferential direction XX 'of the tire 20.
• the reinforcing elements are textile filament reinforcing elements, for example comprising two polyester strands of 144 tex wound at 290 turns together.
• the crown revolution structure 55 arranged radially outside the carcass revolution structure 51 comprises two working plies 54, 56.
• Each working ply 54, 56 comprises substantially parallel working reinforcement elements. to each other in a direction at an angle of 15 ° and 40 °, preferably from 20 ° to 30 ° with the circumferential direction of the tire and here equal to 26 °.
• the reinforcing elements of work are crossed of a working ply 54, 56 with respect to the other.
• the reinforcing elements are metal wire reinforcing elements, for example 2x0.30 mm structure cables.
• the crown revolution structure 55 also comprises a hooping sheet 57 arranged radially outside the working plies 54, 56.
• the hooping sheet 57 comprises hooping reinforcing elements substantially parallel to each other forming an angle at most equal to 10 °, preferably ranging from 5 ° to 10 ° with the circumferential direction of the tire 10 and here equal to 5 °.
• the hoop reinforcing elements are textile filament reinforcing elements, for example comprising two aramid strands of 167 tex wound at 315 turns together.
• the tire 20 also comprises a tread 58 as illustrated in FIGS. 1, 2 and 4 arranged radially outside the crown revolution structure 55.
• the carcass revolution structure 51 comprises a radially inner face 59 and the tread 58 comprises a radially outer face 60.
• Each carcass ply 53, working 54, 56 and hooping 57 comprises a polymeric composition, for example an elastomeric composition comprising at least one elastomer, preferably diene, for example natural rubber, in which the elements are embedded. corresponding reinforcement.
• the tread 58 is intended to come into contact with a ground.
• the tread 58 consists of a polymeric composition, for example an elastomeric composition comprising at least one elastomer, preferably diene, for example natural rubber.
• the first revolution structure 25, the second revolution structure 27, the carcass structure 51, the crown revolution structure 55 and the tread 58 have an axis of revolution. common, in this case the axis of rotation YY 'of the tire 20.
• the first revolution structure 25 has an inner face 42 and an outer face 43 as well as two axial ends 44.
• the inner face 42 is an inner face of the first fabric 26 and the outer face 43 is an outer face of the first layer 33.
• the first fabric 26 also comprises an outer face 41 arranged radially, within the tire 20, outside the inner face 42. In the tire 20, the inner face 42 is arranged radially inside the outer face 43 and the outer face 43 is in contact with the face 59 radially inner of the structure of carcass revolution 51.
• the second revolution structure 27 has an inner face 46 and an outer face 47 and two axial ends 48.
• the inner face 46 is an inner face of the second fabric 28 and the outer face 47 is an outer face of the second layer 35.
• the second fabric 28 also comprises an outer face 49 arranged radially, within the tire 20, inside the inner face 46. In the tire 20, the inner face 46 is arranged radially outside the the outer face 47.
• each surface 42, 46 describes a cylinder of revolution about the axis YY 'of the tire 20.
• the tire 20 also comprises two flanks 50.
• Each flank 50 connects each axial end 44 of the first revolution structure 25 and each axial end 48 of the second revolution structure 27.
• carcass revolution structure 51 extends continuously between each axial end 48 of the second revolution structure 27 radially through each flank 50 and axially over the entire axial width of the first revolution structure 25.
• the tire 20 also comprises a inner annular space 52 bounded on the one hand radially by each inner face 42 and 46 and, on the other hand axially, by the two sidewalls 50.
• the inner annular space 52 forms a closed cavity able to be pressurized by a gas of inflation, for example air.
• the carrier elements 32 are two to two independent in the inner annular space 52.
• the assembly 24 extends circumferentially over at most one complete revolution around the main axis of the tire 20 so that the first revolution structure 25 forms an axially continuous cylindrical winding. of the assembly 24 between the two flanks 50 of the tire 20 as illustrated in FIG. 5.
• the tire 20 is shown subjected to a nominal radial load Z N.
• the tire 20 is in contact with a plane ground by a contact surface A, having a circumferential length X A.
• the carrier elements 32 connected to the portion of the first revolution structure 25 in contact with the ground via the tread, are subjected to compression buckling, while at least a portion of the carrier elements 32, connected to the portion of the first revolution structure 25 not in contact with the ground, are in tension.
• the tire 20 illustrated in FIG. 3 is inflated to a pressure P of between 1.5 bar and 2.5 bar and is subjected to a radial load Z N equal to 600. daN.
• FIG. 5 shows the outer face 41 of the first fabric 26 integrated in the tire 20.
• FIG. 9 shows the same face 41 of the first fabric 26 before it is integrated into the tire 20.
• FIGS. 10, 11 and 12 show the first fabric 26 in various states which will be described in detail below. .
• the first fabric 26 comprises two longitudinal edges 26A and 26B.
• the first fabric 26 extends in a first general direction G1 substantially parallel to each longitudinal edge 26A, 26B.
• the first fabric 26 comprises first wire elements 64, called first wire chain elements, and first wire elements 66, called first wire frame elements.
• the first warp elements of warp 64 of the first fabric 26 are substantially parallel to each other and extend in a first so-called C1 chain direction, substantially parallel to the first general direction G1.
• the first wireframe elements 66 of the first fabric 26 are substantially parallel to each other and extend in a first direction called T1 frame and intersect with the first chain wire elements 64.
• the first wire elements 64 of chain extend continuously over the entire length of the first fabric 26.
• the second fabric 28 comprises two longitudinal edges 28A and 28B.
• the second fabric 28 extends in a second general direction G2 substantially parallel to each longitudinal edge 28A, 28B.
• the second general direction G2 is substantially parallel to the first general direction G1.
• the second fabric 28 includes second wire elements 68, referred to as second wire chain members, and second wire elements 70, referred to as second wire frame members.
• the second warp wire elements 68 of the second fabric 28 are substantially parallel to each other and extend in a second direction of the C2 chain, substantially parallel to the second general direction G2.
• the second weft yarn elements 70 of the second fabric 28 are substantially parallel to each other and extend in a second direction of the weft direction T2 and intersect with the second warp yarn elements 68.
• the second warp yarn elements 68 are extend continuously over the entire length of the first fabric 28.
• the warp and weft directions form an angle of between 70 ° and 90 ° with each other.
• the angle is substantially equal to 90 °.
• each first and second chain direction forms an angle less than or equal to 10 ° with the circumferential direction XX 'of the tire 20.
• each first and second chain direction forms a substantially zero angle with the circumferential direction XX 'of the tire 20.
• Each wire element 64, 66, 68, 70 is a textile wire element.
• Each first wire element 64 of chain comprises at least one multifilament strand comprising several monofilaments each consisting of a material chosen from a polyester, a polyamide, a polyketone, a polyurethane, a natural fiber, a mineral fiber, preferably chosen from a polyester , a polyamide, a polyketone, a natural fiber and an assembly of these materials.
• Each first wired string element comprises a single multifilament strand.
• each first wire element comprises a single polyamide 66 multifilament strand having a title equal to 11 tex and a modulus equal to 68.9 cN / tex.
• each wire element 66, 68, 70 is a spun wire element having a linear density equal to 170 tex and a tenacity equal to 66 cN / tex.
• Each wired element 32 extends alternately from the first tissue 26 to the second tissue 28 and the second tissue 28 to the first tissue 26 when moving along the carrier wire element 32.
• Each wired element carrier 32 is a textile carrier wire element, here made of polyethylene terephthalate (PET).
• PET polyethylene terephthalate
• each carrier member 32 is a spun yarn element having a linear density equal to 55 tex and a tenacity equal to 54 cN / tex.
• Each carrier wire element 32 comprises a carrier wire portion 74 extending between the first and second tissues 26, 28, in particular between the inner faces 42 and 46.
• Each carrier wire element 32 comprises first and second wire portions of FIG. anchoring 76, 78 of the carrier wire element 32 respectively in the first fabric 26 and second fabric 28.
• Each first and second anchoring wire portion 76, 78 extends the carrier portion 74 respectively in each first fabric 26 and second fabric 28
• Each first and second wired anchor portion 76, 78 is interwoven with each first fabric 26 and second fabric 28 respectively.
• Each first and second anchor wire portion 76, 78 is wound at least in part around at least a first wire element 64, 66 of the first fabric 26 and at least one second wired element 68, 70 of the second fabric 28.
• each wired wire portion 76, 78 connects two wired portions 74 to each other and each wired portion 74 connects two wire wired portion 76, 78 between them.
• each first wired anchoring portion 76 is wound at least partly around at least one first weft woven element 66 of the first fabric 26 and here, preferably, around at least two first wired frame elements 66 adjacent in the first general direction G1.
• each second wired anchoring portion 78 is wound at least in part around at least one second wired wire element 68 of the second fabric 28, preferably around at least two adjacent second wired wire elements 66 according to the second Directorate General G2.
• Each first and second wired anchor portion 76, 78 extends in a direction substantially parallel to the first and second general direction G1, G2, respectively.
• Each first wired anchoring portion 76 passes alternately from the face 41 to the face 42 between two first adjacent wired wire elements 66 around which the first wired anchoring portion 76 is wound.
• each second wired anchoring portion 78 alternately passes from the face 46 to the face 49 between two adjacent second wired wire elements 68 around which the second wired anchoring portion 78 is wound.
• the first fabric 26 comprises transverse straight zones Z1 of a first group of transverse straight zones, each transverse straight zone Z1 having a rest length Ld1 according to the first general direction G1 and s extending along the entire width of the first fabric 26.
• This length Ld1 is the same for all straight transverse zones Z1 here equal to 7.9 mm. All transverse straight zones Z1 of the first group of transverse straight zones are identical.
• the first fabric 26 also comprises transverse straight zones Z2 of a second group of transverse straight zones, each transverse straight zone Z2 having a rest length Ld2 in the first general direction G1 and extending over the entire width of the first fabric 26.
• This length Ld2 is the same for all straight transverse zones Z2 is here equal to 5.8 mm.
• All transverse straight zones Z2 of the second group of transverse straight zones are identical.
• Each transverse straight zone Z1 of the first group of transverse straight zones alternates, according to the first general direction or in the circumferential direction XX ', with a transverse straight zone Z2 of the second group of transverse straight areas.
• the sum of the rest lengths Ld1 and Ld2 of all the transverse straight zones according to the first general direction G1 is substantially equal to L.
• the sum SLd1 of the rest lengths Ld1 of the transverse straight zones Z1 is equal to 975 mm and the sum of the rest lengths Ld2 of the transverse straight zones Z2 is equal to 717 mm.
• the first fabric thus comprises 123 transverse straight zones Z1 and Z2 as a whole and an incomplete transverse straight zone Z2.
• the inner face 42 of the first fabric 26 and the inner face 46 of the second fabric 28 are spaced a straight distance H0 when each wired carrier portion 74 is at rest.
• H0 47 mm.
• H also represents the H the average radial height of the inner annular space 52 in the absence of load applied to the tire 20 and in the absence of pressure in the tire 20.
• the first radially outer revolution structure 25 has a mean radius R1 equal to 313 mm and the second radially inner revolution structure 27 has a mean radius R2 equal to 268 mm.
• FIG. 8 shows a carrier wire portion 74 of a carrier wire element 32.
• the carrier wire portion 74 has a circular mean section S P , defined by a smaller characteristic dimension E and a larger characteristic dimension D both equal, in the example shown, the diameter of the circle, and characterized by its ratio of form R equal to D / E, so equal to 1 in this case.
• the smallest characteristic dimension E of the mean section S P of the carrying wired portion 74 is at most equal to 0.02 times the average radial height H the inner annular space 52.
• the carrier portion 74 has a rest length L P at least equal to the average height H of the inner annular space 52.
• the wired portions anchoring members 76, 78 have the same circular average section S P and the same smaller characteristic dimension E of the mean section S P.
• Each wired element 32 has a mean section S P equal to 7 * 10 -8 m 2 and a breaking stress F r / S P equal to 470 MPa
• the average surface density D of the wired portions 74 per unit the surface area of the first revolution structure 25 and per unit area of the second revolution structure 27 is equal to 85000 threads / m 2.
• the breaking force Fr is here equal to 33 N.
• the first fabric 26 is arranged so that, for any elongation of the first fabric 26 in the first general direction G1 less than or equal to (2 ⁇ x H) / L, the first fabric 26 develops a force, expressed in N, in the first general direction G1 less than or equal to (P0 x (U2T + H) x I) / 2.
• This stress value, here 178 N represents the stress below which the first tissue 26 can elongate without breaking in the first general direction G1 and for which the first tissue 26 breaks to allow conformation.
• each transverse straight zone Z1 is devoid of any first wire anchoring portion 76 over the entire width I of the first fabric 26.
• each transverse straight zone Z1 is arranged so as to under a non-zero stress less than or equal to (P0 x (U2T + H) x I) / 2 exerted on the first fabric 26 in the first general direction G1, resulting in at least one rupture of at least one transverse straight zone Z1 and here a break in each transverse straight zone Z1.
• each transverse straight zone Z1 is arranged so as to cause at least one break of each first wire element of chain 64 in at least one, and here in each transverse straight zone Z1, and this, under a non-zero stress less than or equal to (P0 x (U2T + H) x I) / 2 exerted on the first fabric 26 according to the first general direction G1.
• each transverse straight zone Z1 is said to be breakable.
• each transverse straight zone Z2 comprises at least a first wired anchor portion 76 over the width of the first fabric 26.
• Each transverse straight zone Z2 is arranged so as to any lower non-zero stress or equal to (P0 x (U2T + H) X l) / 2 exerted on the first fabric 26 according to the first general direction G1, and for any elongation of the first fabric 26 according to the first general direction G1 less than or equal to (2 ⁇ x H) / L, preventing an elongation of each transverse straight zone Z2 according to the first general direction G1 and a break in each transverse straight zone Z2.
• each transverse straight zone Z2 is arranged so as to prevent, on the one hand, a break of each first wire wired element 64 in each transverse straight zone Z2, on the other hand an elongation of each first wire element of chain 64 according to the first general direction G1 in each transverse straight zone (Z2) and finally a spacing of the first weft elements 66 from each other according to the first general direction G1 in each transverse straight zone Z2 of the second zone group (s) transverse right (s) and this, for any non-zero stress less than or equal to (PO x ( ⁇ _ / 2 ⁇ + H) x I) / 2 exerted on the first fabric 26 according to the first general direction G1 and for any elongation of the first fabric 26 according to the first general direction G1 less than or equal to (2 ⁇ x H) / L.
• each transverse straight zone Z2 is equal to breakable and in this embodiment, indeformable.
• first fabric 26 in which each transverse straight zone Z2 is non-breakable and deformable.
• Each transverse straight zone Z2 is also arranged so as to prevent, on the one hand, an elongation of each first wire anchor portion 76 in the first general direction G1 and, on the other hand, a break in each first wire portion. anchoring 76, and this, under a stress at most equal to (P0 x ( ⁇ _ / 2 ⁇ + H) x I) / 2 exerted on the first fabric 26 in the first general direction G1 and for any elongation of the first fabric 26 according to the first general direction G1 less than or equal to (2 ⁇ x H) / L.
• the first fabric 26 is arranged so that, for a rest length L of the first fabric 26 according to the first general direction G1, expressed in m, the maximum force elongation Art of the first structure 10 of first wire elements 64, 66 according to the first general direction G1, here the maximum force elongation Art of the first fabric 26 according to the first general direction G1 satisfies Art ⁇ (2 ⁇ x H) / L.
• Art 8 6 which is much less than 16.7% which is the elongation along the first general direction G1 which would have been necessary for the first fabric 26 to conform without breaking.
• first structure 10 of first wire elements 64, 66 is totally broken in at least one point of its length and here at several points along its length.
• each transverse straight zone Z1 is totally broken in at least one point of its length and here each transverse straight zone Z1 is totally broken in at least one point of its length whereas each straight zone transverse Z2 has a substantially zero elongation in the circumferential direction and is not broken.
• each first wire element 64 chain is broken in at least one point of its length. More precisely, in each transverse straight zone Z1 which is said to be breakable, each first wire element 64 of chain is broken in at least one point of its length whereas in each transverse straight zone Z2 said to be non-breakable and dimensionally stable, each first wire element 64 of chain is unbroken and has a substantially zero elongation in the first warp direction. Furthermore, in each transverse straight zone Z2 said non-breaking and indeformable, each wired wire portion 76 has a substantially zero elongation in the circumferential direction XX 'and is not broken.
• each cross-sectional area Z1 said breakable to compensate for the substantially zero elongation of each transverse straight zone Z2 said non-breakable and dimensionally stable the maximum force elongation of each zone transverse straight lines Z1 of the first group of right transverse zone (s) according to the first general direction satisfies Art1 ⁇ (2 ⁇ x H) / SLd1 with SLd1 being the sum of the rest lengths of all transverse straight zones Z1 say broken.
• each transverse straight zone Z1 said breakable has a broken length Lr1 substantially equal to ((2 ⁇ x H) + SLd1) / N with N being the number of transverse straight zones Z1 said deformable on the circumference of the tire and by circumferential winding of the first fabric around the main axis YY 'of revolution of the tire 20, here equal to 10.22 mm.
• Each transverse straight zone Z1 so-called breakable thus has a maximum force elongation Art1 measured according to the EN ISO 13934-1 standard of July 20, according to the first general direction G1 equal to 14.9%, much lower than the value (2 ⁇ x H) / SLd1 here equal to 29%.
• the elongation at break Arc of each first wire element 64 of chain satisfies Arc ⁇ (2 ⁇ x H) / SLd1.
• the arc elongation measured according to the ASTM D885 / D885 MA standard of January 2010 is here equal to 14.9%, a value well below 29%.
• the first fabric 26 develops a force, expressed in N, according to the first general direction G1 lower or equal to (P0 x ( ⁇ / 2 ⁇ + H) x I) / 2, here 3460 N.
• each first and second fabric 26, 28 is impregnated respectively with the first and second polymeric compositions 34, 36 so as to form, during a step of winding the assembly 21 (hereinafter described) the first revolution structure 25 and the second revolution structure 27.
• each carrier wire portion 74 is in a folded or bent state.
• FIG. 13 to 19 there is a manufacturing cylinder 80 whose diameter is equal to that of the mounting means on which is intended to be mounted the tire 20.
• the manufacturing cylinder 80 is substantially of revolution about an axis of revolution coaxial with the axis of revolution YY 'of the tire 20.
• a set 82 comprising the carcass revolution structure 51 and the sidewalls 50 is placed on the fabrication cylinder 80.
• the impregnated assembly 21 of FIG. 11 is wound up so that the first chain direction C1 and the circumferential direction of the making cylinder 80, here substantially coincides with the circumferential direction XX. tire 20, form an angle less than or equal to 10 ° and in this first embodiment, a substantially zero angle.
• the impregnated assembly 21 is wound circumferentially for at most one complete revolution around the main axis so that the first revolution structure 25 forms an axially continuous cylindrical winding of the impregnated assembly 21 between the two sides of the tire 20.
• the axially continuous cylindrical winding has an axial width greater than or equal to 50%, preferably 75% to the axial width of the tread 58.
• the impregnated assembly 21 is deposited in a single cylindrical winding tower. This is called laying in full width, since the axial width referred impregnated assembly 21 is obtained in a single round of cylindrical winding.
• the advantage of full width laying is manufacturing productivity.
• laying in full width necessarily implies the existence of at least one overlap zone, or weld, in the circumferential direction, between the circumferential ends of the impregnated assembly 21, in particular at the end of winding.
• each axial end 44 of the first revolution structure 25 is connected to each other.
• each axial end 48 of the second revolution structure 27 by one of the flanks 50 so as to constitute the inner annular space 52.
• the carcass revolution structure 51 is also radially outside the first revolution structure 25. folding down the two axial ends 84 of the assembly 82.
• Each axial end 48 of the second revolution structure 27 is then continuously connected by the carcass revolution structure 51 which extends radially through each sidewall 50 and axially over all the axial width of the first revolution structure 25.
• the assembly according to the invention shown in FIG. 18 is then obtained.
• at least one point of its length is completely broken at least one transverse straight zone Z1, preferably each transverse straight zone Z1 is totally broken at least one point along its length.
• each first wire element 64 of chain breaks in at least one point of its length and more precisely, each first wire element 64 of chain of each transverse straight zone Z1 so-called breakable in at least one point of its length is broken on the transverse straight zone Z1 .
• the inner annular space 52 is formed by deploying the inner annular space 52 by pressurizing an inflating gas with the inner annular space 52, for example air.
• the inner annular space 52 is depressurized to ambient atmospheric pressure.
• the tire 20 in the raw state shown schematically in FIG. 14 comprising the impregnated assembly illustrated in FIG. 12 is then obtained.
• the tire 20 is cured, for example by vulcanization, in order to obtain the tire 20 in the fired state.
• ASSEMBLY AND METHOD ACCORDING TO A SECOND EMBODIMENT OF THE INVENTION ASSEMBLY AND METHOD FOR ASSEMBLY AND PNEUMATIC ASSEMBLY, IMPREGNATED ASSEMBLY
• FIGS. 20, 21 and 22 show a tire 20 according to a second embodiment according to first and second variants respectively shown in FIGS. 21 and 22. Elements similar to those represented in the preceding figures are designated by identical references.
• the first warp direction and the circumferential direction XX 'of the tire 20 form a substantially non-zero angle of less than 10 °. , preferably a substantially non-zero angle less than or equal to 5 ° and here equal to 5 °.
• the assembly 24 extends circumferentially over several complete turns around the main axis so that the first revolution structure 25 forms an axially discontinuous helical winding of the assembly 24 between the two sidewalls 50 of the tire. 20.
• the impregnated assembly 21 is wound around the axis of the tire 20 so as to form the helical winding of an assembly strip 92, the axial portions 94 of the strip 92 being axially juxtaposed.
• strip is meant an impregnated assembly 21 having a limited axial width, at most equal to 30% of the axial width of the tread 58, and of great length at least equal to twice the circumference of the tread 58 , so that the strip to be laid can be stored in roll form.
• Such a strip is thus unwound in a helix, the axis of revolution being the axis of revolution of the tire 20.
• the number of helical winding turns of the strip is determined by the total axial width of the helical winding and by the density of carrying elements 32.
• the laying of the strip may be contiguous, that is to say that the strip portions are in contact two by two by their axial edges, or non-contiguous, that is to say that the axial edges of the axial strip portions 94 are spaced from a substantially no.
• the advantage of a striping is the absence of overlapping zones, or welds, in the circumferential direction, between axial strip portions at the end of winding.
• the bonding surface S E of the outer face 43 of the first revolution structure 25 with the radially inner face 59 of the crown revolution structure 55 is the sum of the bonding surfaces of the axial portions 94 of strip 92 juxtaposed.
• the impregnated assembly 21 is wound helically around the axis of revolution of the tire 20 so that, before shaping, the first warp direction and the circumferential direction of the forming roll form a substantially non-zero angle of less than 10 mm. °, preferably a substantially non-zero angle of less than 5 °.
• the impregnated assembly 21 is wound up so that each circumferential end W of each transverse straight zone Z1 of the first right zone group (s) transversal (s) of one turn is located between the axial extensions of the two circumferential ends W of each transverse straight zone Z1 of each adjacent tower.
• transverse straight zones Z2 are deformable. Such transverse zones Z2 would be arranged so as to allow a non-zero elongation of each transverse straight zone Z2 along the first general direction G1, for example here so as to contribute up to 3% of the elongation of the first fabric 26.
• a such a transverse straight zone Z2 is arranged to allow non-zero elongation of each first wire chain element 64 according to the first general direction G1 in each transverse straight zone Z2.
• each transverse straight zone Z2 is arranged to allow a non-zero elongation of each first wire anchor portion 76 in the first general direction G1.
• each transverse straight zone Z2 has a non-zero elongation in the circumferential direction XX '.
• each first wire element 64 of the chain of each transverse straight zone Z2 has a non-zero elongation in the circumferential direction XX '.
• each wire anchor portion 76 has a non-zero elongation in the circumferential direction XX 'of the tire 20.
• the method is such that one extends in the circumferential direction XX 'of the forming cylinder 80 each transverse straight zone.
• each first wire element 64 of chain of each transverse straight zone Z2 is extended.
• the circumferential direction XX 'of the forming cylinder 80 is lengthened to each first wire anchoring portion 76.

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• Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
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• 2017
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  • 2018-01-10 JP JP2019537819A patent/JP2020516481A/ja active Pending
  • 2018-01-10 US US16/477,754 patent/US11325418B2/en active Active
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