WO2018130013A1

WO2018130013A1 - Multi-beam back-cavity high-gain antenna array suitable for millimeter-wave communication

Info

Publication number: WO2018130013A1
Application number: PCT/CN2017/112988
Authority: WO
Inventors: 朱剑锋; 邓力; 李书芳; 张贯京; 葛新科; 高伟明; 张红治
Original assignee: 深圳市景程信息科技有限公司
Priority date: 2017-01-12
Filing date: 2017-11-25
Publication date: 2018-07-19
Also published as: CN106898882A

Abstract

Disclosed is a multi-beam back-cavity high-gain antenna array suitable for millimeter-wave communication, comprising a radiating patch antenna and a beamforming feeding network, wherein the radiating patch antenna is composed of an upper substrate and a lower substrate, and four antenna units are arranged at intervals on an upper surface of the upper substrate, wherein the four antenna units are surrounded by a plurality of metalized via-holes to form a metal cavity; the lower substrate is provided with four substrate integrated waveguides, with each substrate integrated waveguide being enclosed by the plurality of metalized via holes, and the four substrate integrated waveguides are provided with four inputs of the radiating patch antenna; and each of the four inputs of the radiating patch antenna is correspondingly connected to four outputs connected to the beamforming feeding network. When four paths of electromagnetic beam excitation are input through the four inputs of the beamforming feeding network, the phase differences between adjacent outputs are 45 degrees, 135 degrees, -135 degrees and -45 degrees. In the present invention, a back-cavity structure is added to effectively suppress surface electromagnetic waves, thereby improving the antenna gain.

Description

Multi-beam back cavity high gain antenna array suitable for millimeter wave communication

[0001] The present invention relates to the field of microwave communication technologies, and in particular, to a multi-beam back cavity high gain antenna array suitable for millimeter wave communication.

Background technique

[0002] With the rise of 5G, in the millimeter wave band, especially the 60 GHz band, scholars have been widely studied because of the higher data transmission rate and large transmission capacity of communication systems. However, the 60 GHz band is at the atmospheric absorption peak, so the path loss is very large. In order to address this problem, high gain antennas must be used to compensate for path loss. However, for high-gain antennas, due to their high directionality, their beam coverage is limited. In order to achieve high gain, the same beam can cover a wide range, and multi-beam antenna is a good choice. However, the traditional 1x4 multi-beam patch antenna array has lower gain because the loss is large due to the use of the microstrip line as the feed network; on the other hand, the surface wave is reflected back and forth on the surface of the medium due to the presence of surface waves. It is difficult to radiate out, resulting in low efficiency of the antenna aperture.

technical problem

[0003] A primary object of the present invention is to provide a multi-beam back cavity high gain antenna array suitable for millimeter wave communication, which aims to solve the technical problem of low gain of the existing multi-beam patch antenna array.

Problem solution

Technical solution

[0004] In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides a multi-beam back cavity type high gain antenna array suitable for millimeter wave communication, comprising a radiation patch antenna and a beamforming feed network, wherein the radiation patch antenna is composed of an upper layer The substrate and the lower substrate are composed. The beamforming feed network comprises four input terminals, four directional couplers, two 45° phase shifters, two 0° phase shifters and four outputs, wherein:

[0005] The upper surface of the upper substrate is spaced apart from four antenna units, and the four antenna units are surrounded by a plurality of metallized vias to form a metal cavity;

[0006] The lower substrate is provided with a four-channel integrated waveguide, and each of the substrate integrated waveguides is surrounded by a plurality of metallized vias, and the four-way integrated waveguide is provided with four inputs of the radiation patch antenna end; [0007] four input ends of the radiation patch antenna are respectively connected to four output ends of the beamforming feed network;

[0008] When four input ends of the beamforming feed network input four electromagnetic beam excitations, the adjacent outputs of the beamforming feed network have phase differences of 45 degrees, 135 degrees, -135 degrees, and -45 degree.

[0009] Preferably, the upper substrate and the lower substrate are laminated and bonded together, and the thickness of the upper substrate is a quarter wavelength of a 60 GHz dielectric wave.

[0010] Preferably, the antenna unit is composed of a cross-type radiation patch and is intermittently printed on the upper surface of the upper substrate, and a spacing between each two antenna elements is 3 mm.

[0011] Preferably, the antenna unit performs electromagnetic wave coupling and excitation by a slot located under the antenna unit.

[0012] Preferably, the size of the metal cavity is 13 mm in length and 5 mm in width, and is used for suppressing the propagation of electromagnetic waves on the surface.

[0013] Preferably, the beamforming feed network is a Butler matrix feed network implemented by a Butler matrix based on a substrate integrated waveguide.

[0014] Preferably, two input ends of the beamforming feed network serve as two input ends of the first directional coupler, and the first output end of the first directional coupler is connected to the first 45° phase shifting phase At the input of the device, the second output of the first directional coupler is coupled to the input of the fourth directional coupler. The output of the first 45° phase shifter is connected to the first input of the second directional coupler, and the first output of the second directional coupler is connected to the input of the first 0° phase shifter, the first 0° The output of the phase shifter is coupled to a first output of the beamformed feed network, and the second output of the second directional coupler is coupled to a third output of the beamformed feed network.

[0015] Preferably, the other two inputs of the beamforming feed network serve as two inputs of a third directional coupler, and the first output of the third directional coupler is connected to the second 45. At the input of the phase shifter, the second output of the third directional coupler is coupled to the second input of the second directional coupler. The output of the second 45° phase shifter is connected to the second input of the fourth directional coupler, and the first output of the fourth directional coupler is connected to the input of the second 0° phase shifter, the second 0° The output of the phase shifter is coupled to a fourth output of the beamformed feed network, and the second output of the fourth directional coupler is coupled to a second output of the beamformed feed network.

Advantageous effects of the invention Beneficial effect

Compared with the prior art, the multi-beam back cavity high-gain antenna array suitable for millimeter wave communication according to the present invention adopts the above technical solution, and achieves the following technical effects: effectively suppressing surface electromagnetic waves by adding a back cavity structure Increase the antenna gain and use a quarter-wavelength dielectric plate with a dielectric wave thickness of 60 GHz as the upper substrate, so that the antenna array can achieve higher gain than the conventional patch antenna, especially suitable for high path loss millimeter waves. Communication.

Brief description of the drawing

DRAWINGS

1 is a schematic plan view showing a preferred embodiment of a multi-beam back cavity type high gain antenna array suitable for millimeter wave communication according to the present invention;

2 is a circuit diagram of a preferred embodiment of a beamforming feed network in a multi-beam back cavity high gain antenna array suitable for millimeter wave communication;

3 is a schematic diagram of measured antenna gain of a multi-beam back cavity high gain antenna array suitable for millimeter wave communication according to the present invention.

[0020] The objects, features, and advantages of the invention will be described in conjunction with the embodiments of the invention.

BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION

The specific embodiments, structures, features and utilities of the present invention are described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and preferred embodiments. It is understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the invention and are not intended to limit the invention.

1 is a schematic structural view of a preferred embodiment of a multi-beam back cavity high gain antenna array suitable for millimeter wave communication according to the present invention; FIG. 2 is a multi-beam back of the present invention applicable to millimeter wave communication. A schematic circuit diagram of a preferred embodiment of a beamforming feed network in a cavity high gain antenna array. In this embodiment, the multi-beam back cavity high gain antenna array includes a radiation patch antenna 1 and a beamforming feed network 2 (refer to FIG. 2). The radiation patch antenna 1 is composed of an upper substrate 11 and a lower substrate 12, and the upper substrate 11 and the lower substrate 12 are laminated and bonded together. The upper substrate 11 and the lower substrate 12 are preferably both Rogers RO5880 dielectric plate with a relative dielectric constant of 2.2. The thickness of the upper substrate 11 is approximately equal to a quarter wavelength of the dielectric wave of the operating frequency band of 60 GHz, and the thickness of the lower substrate 12 is not limited.

[0023] The upper surface of the upper substrate 11 is spaced apart from four antenna units 13, and each of the antenna units 13 is formed of a cross-type radiation patch and is printed on the upper surface of the upper substrate 11 at intervals. The spacing between each two antenna elements 13 is preferably 3 mm to ensure low sidelobe frequency, and each antenna element 13 is electromagnetically coupled and energized by a slit 16 located under each corresponding base of the antenna unit 13.

[0024] The antenna unit 13 is surrounded by a plurality of metallized vias 14 to form a metal cavity 15 of a back cavity structure. The size of the metal cavity 15 is preferably 13 mm long and 5 mm wide. The metal cavity 15 can suppress the propagation of surface electromagnetic waves, thereby increasing the antenna gain. Since the thickness of the upper substrate 11 is approximately equal to a quarter wavelength of the 60 GHz dielectric wave in the operating frequency band, the antenna gain is further increased.

[0025] The lower substrate 12 is provided with a four-way substrate integrated waveguide 17, and each of the substrate integrated waveguides 17 is surrounded by a plurality of metallized vias 14. The four-way substrate integrated waveguide 17 is provided with input terminals P11, P12, P13 and P14 of the radiation patch antenna 1, respectively. In order to ensure that only the TE01 mode is transmitted in the substrate integrated waveguide 17, the width of each of the substrate integrated waveguides 17 is set to 3 mm. In the present embodiment, the beamforming feed network 2 is implemented by a Butler matrix based on the substrate integrated waveguide 17 and integrated on the lower substrate 12 as a 4x4 Butler matrix feed network.

Referring to FIG. 2, the beamforming feed network 2 includes four input terminals P21, P22, P23 and P24 and four output terminals P25, P26, P27 and P28, wherein the beamforming feed The four inputs P21, P22, P23 and P24 of the network 2 are used to input four electromagnetic beam excitations, respectively. The four input terminals P1, P12, P13 and P14 of the radiation patch antenna 1 are each connected to four output terminals P25, P26, P27 and P28 of the beamforming feed network 2. For example, the input terminal PI 1 of the radiation patch antenna 1 is connected to the output terminal P25 of the beamforming feed network 2, and the input terminal P12 of the radiation patch antenna 1 is connected to the output terminal P26 of the beamforming feed network 2, the radiation patch The input P13 of the antenna 1 is connected to the output P27 of the beamforming feed network 2, and the input P14 of the radiating patch antenna 1 is connected to the output P28 of the beamforming feed network 2. When the four input terminals P21, P22, P23 and P24 of the beamforming feed network 2 respectively input four electromagnetic beam excitations, the phase difference of the adjacent output ends of the beamforming feed network 2 is 45 degrees, 135 degrees, respectively. 135 degrees and -45 degrees, so that the phase of the electromagnetic wave reaching each antenna unit 13 is different, so that the antenna realizes the function of beam scanning. [0027] In this embodiment, the beamforming feed network 2 further includes four directional couplers 21a, 21b, 21c, 21d, two 45° phase shifters 22a, 22b, and two 0° phase shifters. 23a, 23b. Wherein, the four directional couplers 21a, 21b, 21c, 21d respectively have a function of 3db directional coupling of a phase shift characteristic of 90 degrees. The two 45° phase shifters 22a, 22b and the two 0° phase shifters 23a, 23b are fixed phase shifters based on substrate integrated waveguide lines, and integrated waveguides through substrates of unequal width and unequal length. Line to achieve.

[0028] The input terminals P21, P22 of the beamforming feed network 2 serve as two inputs of the first directional coupler 21a, and the first output of the first directional coupler 21a is connected to the first 45° shift At the input of the phaser 22a, the second output of the first directional coupler 21a is coupled to the input of the fourth directional coupler 21d. An output of the first 45° phase shifter 22a is coupled to a first input of the second directional coupler 21b, and a first output of the second directional coupler 21b is coupled to an input of the first 0° phase shifter 23a, The output of the first 0° phase shifter 23a is connected to the first output P25 of the beamforming feed network 2, and the second output of the second directional coupler 21b is connected to the third output of the beamforming feed network 2. P27.

The input terminals P23 and P24 of the beamforming feed network 2 serve as two inputs of the third directional coupler 21c, and the first output of the third directional coupler 21c is connected to the second 45. At the input of the phase shifter 22b, the second output of the third directional coupler 21c is coupled to the second input of the second directional coupler 21b. The output of the second 45° phase shifter 22b is coupled to the second input of the fourth directional coupler 21d, and the first output of the fourth directional coupler 2 Id is coupled to the input of the second 0° phase shifter 23b The output of the second 0° phase shifter 23b is connected to the fourth output terminal P28 of the beamforming feed network 2, and the second output of the fourth directional coupler 21d is connected to the second output of the beamforming feed network 2 End P26.

Referring to FIG. 3, it is a schematic diagram of the measured antenna gain of the multi-beam back cavity type high gain antenna array applicable to millimeter wave communication according to the present invention. In the simulation of the measured reflection coefficient of the antenna, the -10dB matching bandwidth of the multi-beam back cavity type high gain antenna array suitable for millimeter wave communication of the present invention can cover the entire 60 GHz band (i.e., the 57 GHz - 64 GHz band). At 60 GHz, the antenna's electromagnetic beam scan angle is from -38 degrees to plus 38 degrees, and cross-polarization is less than -17 dB. The antenna gain is stable in the 60 GHz band and the peak gain can reach 13.6 dBi. The novel back cavity type aperture-coupled patch antenna array proposed by the invention has higher gain and aperture efficiency than the general patch antenna, and is suitable for 60 GHz millimeter wave communication with high path loss.

[0031] The multi-beam back cavity high gain antenna array suitable for millimeter wave communication according to the present invention effectively suppresses surface waves by adding a back cavity structure, and uses a dielectric plate having a quarter wavelength of a frequency band of about 60 GHz ( On The layer substrate 11) enables a multi-beam back cavity high gain antenna array to achieve higher gain than conventional patch antennas, and is particularly suitable for high path loss millimeter wave communication. The antenna gain can reach 13.6dBi, the beam scanning angle is from minus 38 degrees to plus 38 degrees, and the cross polarization is below -17dB. The same antenna is easy to integrate into the millimeter wave communication circuit and communication system.

The above are only the preferred embodiments of the present invention, and are not intended to limit the scope of the invention, and the equivalent structure or equivalent function changes made by the description of the present invention and the contents of the drawings, or directly or indirectly applied to other related The technical field is equally included in the scope of patent protection of the present invention.

Industrial applicability

Compared with the prior art, the multi-beam back cavity high-gain antenna array suitable for millimeter wave communication according to the present invention adopts the above technical solution, and achieves the following technical effects: effectively suppressing surface electromagnetic waves by adding a back cavity structure Increase the antenna gain and use a quarter-wavelength dielectric plate with a dielectric wave thickness of 60 GHz as the upper substrate, which makes the antenna array achieve higher gain than the conventional patch antenna.

Claims

Claim

A multi-beam back cavity high gain antenna array suitable for millimeter wave communication, characterized in that the multi-beam back cavity high gain antenna array comprises a radiation patch antenna and a beamforming feed network, the radiation patch The antenna consists of an upper substrate and a lower substrate. The beamforming feed network includes four inputs, four directional couplers, two 45° phase shifters, and two zeros. a phase shifter and four output terminals, wherein: the upper surface of the upper substrate is spaced apart from four antenna units, and the four antenna units are surrounded by a plurality of metallized vias to form a metal cavity; The substrate is provided with a four-channel integrated waveguide, and each of the substrate integrated waveguides is surrounded by a plurality of metallized vias, and the four-way integrated waveguide is provided with four input ends of the radiation patch antenna; Four input ends of the patch antenna are respectively connected to four output ends of the beamforming feed network; when four input ends of the beamforming feed network input four electromagnetic beam excitations, the beamforming feed The adjacent outputs of the electrical network have phase differences of 45 degrees, 135 degrees, -135 degrees, and -45 degrees, respectively.

The multi-beam back cavity type high gain antenna array suitable for millimeter wave communication according to claim 1, wherein the upper substrate and the lower substrate are laminated and bonded together, and the thickness of the upper substrate is 60 GHz dielectric wave. One quarter wavelength.

The multi-beam back cavity type high gain antenna array suitable for millimeter wave communication according to claim 1, wherein the antenna unit is composed of a cross-type radiation patch and is intermittently printed on an upper surface of the upper substrate. The spacing between every two antenna elements is 3 mm.

A multi-beam back cavity type high gain antenna array suitable for millimeter wave communication according to claim 3, wherein said antenna unit is electromagnetically coupled and excited by a slit located under the antenna unit.

A multi-beam back cavity type high gain antenna array suitable for millimeter wave communication according to claim 1, wherein said metal cavity has a size of 13 mm in length and 5 mm in width for suppressing propagation of electromagnetic waves on the surface.

The multi-beam back cavity high gain antenna array suitable for millimeter wave communication according to claim 1, wherein the beamforming feed network is a Butler matrix implemented by a Butler matrix of a substrate integrated waveguide. Feed network. [Claim 7] A multi-beam back cavity high gain antenna array suitable for millimeter wave communication according to claim 1.

The two input ends of the beamforming feed network serve as two input ends of the first directional coupler, and the first output end of the first directional coupler is connected to the first 45° phase shifter The input of the first directional coupler is connected to the input of the fourth directional coupler. The output of the first 45° phase shifter is connected to the first input of the second directional coupler, and the first output of the second directional coupler is connected to the input of the first 0° phase shifter, the first 0° The output of the phase shifter is coupled to a first output of the beamformed feed network, and the second output of the second directional coupler is coupled to a third output of the beamformed feed network.

[Claim 8] A multi-beam back cavity high gain antenna array suitable for millimeter wave communication according to claim 7.

The other two input ends of the beamforming feed network serve as two input ends of the third directional coupler, and the first output end of the third directional coupler is connected to the second 45° phase shifter At the input end, the second output of the third directional coupler is coupled to the second input of the second directional coupler. The output of the second 45° phase shifter is connected to the second input of the fourth directional coupler, and the first output of the fourth directional coupler is connected to the input of the second 0° phase shifter, the second 0° The output of the phase shifter is coupled to a fourth output of the beamformed feed network, and the second output of the fourth directional coupler is coupled to a second output of the beamformed feed network.