WO2018129894A1 - 电压一致性检测方法及装置、电压均衡方法及装置 - Google Patents

电压一致性检测方法及装置、电压均衡方法及装置 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2018129894A1
WO2018129894A1 PCT/CN2017/093183 CN2017093183W WO2018129894A1 WO 2018129894 A1 WO2018129894 A1 WO 2018129894A1 CN 2017093183 W CN2017093183 W CN 2017093183W WO 2018129894 A1 WO2018129894 A1 WO 2018129894A1
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Prior art keywords
battery system
voltage
battery
consistency
charging
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PCT/CN2017/093183
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
产利兵
刘丽娟
高阳
林朝精
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宁德时代新能源科技股份有限公司
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Publication of WO2018129894A1 publication Critical patent/WO2018129894A1/zh

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    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60LPROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L58/00Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles
    • B60L58/10Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles for monitoring or controlling batteries
    • B60L58/18Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles for monitoring or controlling batteries of two or more battery modules
    • B60L58/19Switching between serial connection and parallel connection of battery modules
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60LPROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L58/00Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles
    • B60L58/10Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles for monitoring or controlling batteries
    • B60L58/12Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles for monitoring or controlling batteries responding to state of charge [SoC]
    • B60L58/13Maintaining the SoC within a determined range
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60LPROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L2240/00Control parameters of input or output; Target parameters
    • B60L2240/40Drive Train control parameters
    • B60L2240/54Drive Train control parameters related to batteries
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02TCLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T10/00Road transport of goods or passengers
    • Y02T10/60Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
    • Y02T10/70Energy storage systems for electromobility, e.g. batteries

Definitions

  • the solution relates to the field of electronic technologies, and in particular, to a voltage consistency detection method and device, a voltage equalization method and device.
  • the pure electric bus has the advantages of no pollution and low noise, so the development prospect is very broad.
  • the battery system is the primary key to the development of pure electric buses. Both the power system and the energy storage system of a pure electric bus require the support of a battery system.
  • FIG. 1 is a parallel example diagram of a two-branch battery system.
  • the branch 1 is composed of a battery box Pack1-1, a battery box Pack1-2, a battery box Pack1-(n-1), a battery box Pack1-n, and a branch 2 is a battery.
  • the box Pack2-1, the battery box Pack2-2 ... the battery box Pack2-(n-1), the battery box Pack2-n, the branch 1 and the branch 2 are connected in parallel to form a two-way parallel battery system.
  • the voltage of the branch 1 is U1
  • the voltage of the branch 2 is U2.
  • Consistency detection refers to detecting whether the branch battery systems to be connected in parallel meet the parallel conditions. If they are met, the battery systems of each branch can be connected in parallel. If it does not, it is necessary to equalize the branch voltage so that the equalized branches satisfy the parallel condition.
  • the scheme for detecting the consistency of the branch voltage of the multi-branch parallel battery system is: performing two-two detection on each branch in the multi-branch parallel battery system, measuring the voltage difference between the two branches by using a voltmeter, and then Comparing the measured voltage difference with a fixed voltage difference threshold. If the measured voltage difference is greater than the voltage difference threshold, it is determined that the two branches do not meet the parallel condition and cannot be connected in parallel, if the measured voltage difference is less than the voltage difference The threshold value determines that the two branches meet the parallel condition and can be connected in parallel.
  • the branch voltage consistency detection scheme of the multi-branch parallel battery system in the prior art does not cause some battery systems that can actually be connected in parallel to be paralleled after being equalized, that is, some battery systems that cannot be connected in parallel are directly connected in parallel. As a result of security risks, the accuracy of detection is relatively low.
  • the embodiment of the present invention provides a voltage consistency detection method and device, a voltage equalization method and a device, which are used to solve the problem that the accuracy of the branch voltage consistency detection of the multi-branch parallel battery system in the prior art is relatively low. problem.
  • the embodiment of the present invention provides a voltage consistency detection method, which is applied to a first battery system and a second battery system of a multi-branch parallel battery system, and the method includes:
  • the aspect as described above and any of the possible implementations further provide an implementation manner of determining whether the voltage consistency between the first battery system and the second battery system is consistent according to the resistance value comprises:
  • the resistance value is greater than the resistance value threshold, it is determined that the voltage consistency between the first battery system and the second battery system is not met, and the first battery system and the second battery system are not connected in parallel.
  • the aspect as described above and any of the possible implementations further provide an implementation manner of determining whether the voltage consistency between the first battery system and the second battery system is consistent according to the resistance value comprises:
  • the resistance value is less than the resistance value threshold, detecting a charging current when the high voltage system directly charges the low voltage system;
  • the aspect as described above and any possible implementation manner further provide an implementation manner of determining whether the voltage consistency between the first battery system and the second battery system is consistent according to the charging current comprises:
  • the charging current is greater than a current threshold, determining that the first battery system and the second battery system do not conform to voltage consistency, the first battery system and the second battery system are not connected in parallel;
  • the charging current is less than a current threshold, it is determined that the voltage consistency is consistent between the first battery system and the second battery system.
  • the voltage difference is less than the voltage difference threshold, it is determined that the voltage consistency is consistent between the first battery system and the second battery system.
  • At least one of the first battery system and the second battery system being composed of two or more battery systems connected in parallel Battery system.
  • the embodiment of the present invention provides a voltage consistency detecting apparatus, which is applied to a first battery system and a second battery system of a multi-branch parallel battery system, and the device includes:
  • a detecting module configured to detect a voltage difference and an energy difference between the first battery system and the second battery system
  • Determining a module configured to determine, according to the voltage difference and the energy difference, whether voltage compliance is met between the first battery system and the second battery system, wherein when the voltage consistency is met, the first The battery system and the second battery system are connected in parallel.
  • the determining module configured to determine, according to the resistance value, whether the first battery system and the second battery system meet When the voltage is consistent, it is specifically used to:
  • the resistance value is greater than the resistance value threshold, it is determined that the voltage consistency between the first battery system and the second battery system is not met, and the first battery system and the second battery system are not connected in parallel.
  • the determining module configured to determine, according to the resistance value, whether the first battery system and the second battery system are in compliance with each other When the voltage is consistent, it is specifically used to:
  • the resistance value is less than the resistance value threshold, detecting a charging current when the high voltage system directly charges the low voltage system;
  • the determining module is configured to: when determining whether the first battery system and the second battery system meet voltage consistency according to the charging current, specifically for:
  • the charging current is greater than a current threshold, determining that the first battery system and the second battery system do not conform to voltage consistency, the first battery system and the second battery system are not connected in parallel;
  • the charging current is less than a current threshold, it is determined that voltage compatibility is consistent between the first battery system and the second battery system, and the first battery system and the second battery system are connected in parallel.
  • the determining module configured to determine the first based on the voltage difference and the first battery system and the energy difference When the voltage consistency is met between the battery system and the second battery system, specifically for:
  • the voltage difference is less than the voltage difference threshold, it is determined that the voltage consistency is consistent between the first battery system and the second battery system.
  • At least one of the first battery system and the second battery system being composed of two or more battery systems connected in parallel Battery system.
  • the voltage consistency detecting method and the voltage consistency detecting device provided by the embodiments of the present invention consider different factors of different internal resistance values of the battery system, and comprehensively judge the battery system between the battery systems by the voltage difference and the energy difference between the battery systems. Whether the voltage consistency is met or not, the accuracy of the voltage consistency detection is improved.
  • the embodiment of the present disclosure provides a voltage equalization method, which is applied to a first battery system and a second battery system of a multi-branch parallel battery system, wherein a voltage of the first battery system is greater than that of the second battery system Voltage, including:
  • variable resistor If the resistance of the variable resistor is less than the resistance value threshold, disconnecting the first charging circuit, causing the first battery system to directly charge the second battery system, recording the second charging circuit, and detecting the Describe the charging current of the second charging circuit;
  • Whether or not to stop charging is determined based on the detected charging current.
  • any possible implementation manner further provide an implementation manner of determining whether to stop charging according to the detected charging current, including:
  • the first battery system continues to be charged to the second battery system through the first charging circuit.
  • At least one of the first battery system and the second battery system being composed of two or more battery systems connected in parallel Battery system.
  • the embodiment of the present invention provides a voltage equalization device between battery systems, which is applied to a first battery system and a second battery system of a multi-branch parallel battery system, wherein a voltage of the first battery system is greater than the first The voltage of the two battery system, including:
  • a first charging module configured to cause the first battery system to charge the second battery system with a constant current value through a variable resistor, denoted as a first charging circuit;
  • a resistance detecting module configured to detect a resistance of the variable resistor
  • a second charging module configured to: when the resistance of the variable resistor is less than a resistance threshold, disconnect the first charging circuit, and cause the first battery system to directly charge the second battery system, a second charging circuit and detecting a charging current of the second charging circuit;
  • a switch module configured to determine whether to stop charging according to the charging current detected by the second charging module.
  • switch module is configured to: when determining whether to stop charging according to the detected charging current, specifically for:
  • the second switch module is configured to continue to charge the first battery system to the second battery system through the first charging circuit when the resistance of the variable resistor is greater than the resistance value threshold.
  • At least one of the first battery system and the second battery system being composed of two or more battery systems connected in parallel Battery system.
  • the voltage equalization method and the voltage equalization device provided by the embodiments of the present invention can monitor the equalization process, and after the equalization reaches the standard, stop charging in time to prevent overcharge, thereby improving the security performance of the equalization process.
  • an embodiment of the present disclosure provides a battery system detection and equalization system, where the system includes a voltage consistency detection device and a voltage equalization device between battery systems.
  • the voltage consistency detecting device is any one of the voltage consistency detecting devices described in the second aspect,
  • the voltage equalization device between the battery systems is the voltage equalization device between any of the battery systems described in the fourth aspect.
  • an embodiment of the present disclosure provides a detection and equalization circuit for a battery system, wherein the circuit includes a first switch, a second switch, a variable resistor, a controller, a voltage detecting device, and a current detecting device.
  • a positive electrode interface and a negative electrode interface wherein two ends of the voltage detecting device are respectively connected to the positive electrode interface and the negative electrode interface, and the current detecting device and the second switch are connected in series in the positive electrode interface and the negative electrode interface a series circuit of the first switch and the variable resistor is connected in parallel with the second switch, the first switch, the second switch, the variable resistor, the voltage detecting device, and the The current detecting device controller is respectively connected to the controller through a low voltage transmission line, and other connecting lines except the low voltage transmission line in the circuit are high voltage transmission lines.
  • variable resistor being a programmed load.
  • the detection and equalization circuit of the battery system provided by the embodiment of the invention comprehensively determines whether the battery system meets the voltage consistency by the voltage difference and the energy difference between the battery systems, improves the accuracy of the voltage consistency detection, and can Monitor the equalization process of the battery system, in equilibrium After the standard is reached, the charging is stopped in time to prevent overcharging, thereby improving the safety performance of the equalization process.
  • Figure 1 is a diagram showing an example of parallel connection of a two-branch battery system.
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic flow chart of a voltage consistency detecting method according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention.
  • FIG. 3 is a functional block diagram of a voltage consistency detecting apparatus according to Embodiment 2 of the present invention.
  • FIG. 4 is a schematic flow chart of a voltage equalization method according to Embodiment 3 of the present invention.
  • FIG. 5 is a functional block diagram of a voltage equalization apparatus according to Embodiment 4 of the present invention.
  • FIG. 6 is a circuit diagram of a detection and equalization circuit of a battery system according to Embodiment 6 of the present invention.
  • the word “if” as used herein may be interpreted as “when” or “when” or “in response to a determination” or “in response to Detection”.
  • the phrase “if determined” or “if detected (conditions or events stated)” may be interpreted as “when determined” or “in response to determination” or “when detected (stated condition or event) “Time” or “in response to a test (condition or event stated)”.
  • Embodiments of the present invention provide a voltage consistency detecting method, which can be applied to a first battery system and a second battery system of a multi-branch parallel battery system.
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic flow chart of a voltage consistency detecting method according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention. As shown in FIG. 2, in this embodiment, the voltage consistency detection method includes the following steps:
  • first battery system and the second battery system are in a parallel state, disconnecting the high voltage output of the parallel battery system composed of the first battery system and the second battery system, and then forming a circuit composed of the first battery system and the second battery system Disconnect at any point, measuring the voltage difference between two points at the break, which is the voltage difference between the first battery system and the second battery system.
  • the MSD of Pack1-1 is used as the last parallel connection point, and after the MSD is disconnected, the voltage between the two ends of the MSD is measured, that is, the voltage difference between the two battery systems is obtained.
  • S203 Determine whether the voltage consistency is consistent between the first battery system and the second battery system based on the voltage difference and the energy difference, wherein the first battery system and the second battery system are connected in parallel when the voltage consistency is met.
  • the internal resistance values of different battery systems are different, it is not possible to judge whether or not to connect in parallel based on a fixed voltage difference threshold.
  • the energy difference is related to the charging current when the high voltage system directly charges the low voltage system between the first battery system and the second battery system.
  • the charging current is referred to as a direct charging current. If the energy difference is too large, the direct charging current will be large, which will cause a safety risk of sparking at the MSD. If the energy difference is small, the direct charging current will be relatively small. If the direct charging current is as small as a current threshold, It does not cause or is difficult to cause a safety risk of sparking at the MSD.
  • a smaller voltage difference threshold can be set, and a battery system having a voltage difference smaller than a voltage difference threshold is determined as a battery system that can be connected in parallel by a voltage difference threshold. Since the voltage difference threshold is relatively small, the consistency detection accuracy of the battery system in which these voltage differences are smaller than the voltage difference threshold is relatively high. For a battery system in which the voltage difference is greater than the voltage difference threshold, it is further determined whether the energy difference can be paralleled, or whether the voltage consistency is met.
  • the step of determining whether the first battery system and the second battery system meet voltage consistency based on the voltage difference and the energy difference further includes: detecting the first battery system if the voltage difference is greater than the voltage difference threshold And a resistance value of the variable resistor when the high voltage system of the second battery system is charged by the variable resistor to the low voltage system of the two at a constant current value; determining between the first battery system and the second battery system according to the resistance value Whether the voltage consistency is met.
  • variable resistor can be a programmable resistor.
  • the charging circuit When the high voltage system between the first battery system and the second battery system is charged with a constant current value by a variable resistor for both of the low voltage systems (for convenience of description, the charging circuit is referred to as the first charging circuit),
  • the current value is constant, the energy consumed on the variable resistor is proportional to the resistance value of the variable resistor, and therefore, when the current value is constant, the energy difference between the first battery system and the second battery system and the variable resistor The resistance value is proportional.
  • the high voltage system between the first battery system and the second battery system is constant current value charged by the variable resistor to the low voltage system of the two at a constant current value, and can be set to be allowed in the variable resistance charging circuit
  • the maximum current value is convenient for description, and the maximum current value is recorded as the first current threshold I10.
  • the resistance threshold R0 can be further set such that the maximum energy consumed on the variable resistor is allowed to be equal to I10*I10*R0.
  • the energy consumed by the variable resistor is proportional to the resistance value of the variable resistor.
  • the first battery system is determined according to the resistance value.
  • the step of whether the voltage consistency is met between the second battery systems further includes: if the resistance value is greater than the resistance value threshold, determining that the first battery system and the second battery system do not conform to the voltage consistency, the first battery system and the second battery The system is not connected in parallel.
  • the step of determining whether the first battery system and the second battery system meet the voltage consistency according to the resistance value further comprises: if the resistance value is less than the resistance value threshold, detecting the high voltage system directly to the low voltage The charging current when the system is charging; determining whether the voltage consistency is met between the first battery system and the second battery system according to the charging current.
  • the resistance value is smaller than the resistance value threshold
  • the energy difference between the first battery system and the second battery system is relatively small, but whether the energy difference is small enough that the first battery system and the second battery system are not connected in parallel without safety.
  • the extent of the risk requires further judgment.
  • the degree of danger of the energy difference can be judged by the magnitude of the charging current when the high voltage system directly charges the low voltage system.
  • the smaller the direct charging current the smaller the energy difference and the lower the parallel risk, and vice versa.
  • a second current threshold can be set. When the direct charging current is less than the second current threshold, the energy difference is small, which is insufficient to cause a parallel safety risk.
  • the first battery system and the second battery system are in compliance with each other.
  • the voltage consistency can be paralleled. If the direct charging current is greater than the second current threshold, the energy difference is relatively large enough to cause a parallel safety risk. At this time, it is considered that the first battery system and the second battery system do not meet the voltage consistency. Can not be paralleled.
  • the step of determining whether the first battery system and the second battery system meet the voltage consistency according to the charging current further comprises: if the charging current is greater than the current threshold (ie, the above mentioned a second current threshold), determining that the first battery system and the second battery system do not conform to voltage consistency, the first battery system and the second battery system are not connected in parallel; or, if the charging current is less than the current threshold, determining the first The voltage consistency is achieved between the battery system and the second battery system, and the first battery system and the second battery system are connected in parallel.
  • the current threshold ie, the above mentioned a second current threshold
  • the step of determining whether the first battery system and the second battery system meet the voltage consistency based on the voltage difference and the energy difference further includes: determining the first battery system if the voltage difference is less than the voltage difference threshold Voltage compliance is achieved with the second battery system.
  • the parallel battery system composed of the first battery system and the second battery system may be a two-way parallel battery system, or may be a multi-branch parallel battery system such as a three-branch parallel battery system.
  • the battery system can be regarded as a two-branch battery system consisting of a single-branch non-parallel battery system and a two-way parallel battery system, so that the consistency detection method in this embodiment can be applied. Detection.
  • the premise is that each of the single-branch battery systems in the parallel battery system above the two branches is a battery system that has been consistently tested to be consistent with voltage consistency and can be connected in parallel.
  • the voltage consistency detecting method provided by the embodiment of the present invention considers different factors of different internal resistance values of the battery system, and comprehensively judges whether the battery systems meet the voltage consistency by the voltage difference and the energy difference between the battery systems. Improve the accuracy of voltage consistency detection.
  • the embodiment of the present invention further provides an embodiment of the voltage consistency detecting device.
  • This embodiment proposes a voltage consistency detecting device applied to the first battery system and the second battery system of the multi-branch parallel battery system.
  • FIG. 3 is a functional block diagram of a voltage consistency detecting apparatus according to Embodiment 2 of the present invention. As shown in FIG. 3, in this embodiment, the voltage consistency detecting apparatus further includes:
  • the detecting module 310 is configured to detect a voltage difference and an energy difference between the first battery system and the second battery system;
  • the determining module 320 is configured to determine, according to the voltage difference and the energy difference, whether the voltage consistency is met between the first battery system and the second battery system, wherein when the voltage consistency is met, the first battery system and the second battery system are connected in parallel .
  • the determining module 320 is configured to determine, according to the voltage difference and the energy difference, whether the voltage consistency is consistent between the first battery system and the second battery system, specifically: if the voltage difference is greater than a voltage difference threshold, detecting a resistance value of the variable resistor when the high voltage system of the first battery system and the second battery system is charged by the variable resistor to the low voltage system of the two at a constant current value; determining the first according to the resistance value Whether the voltage consistency is met between the battery system and the second battery system.
  • the determining module 320 is configured to: when determining whether the voltage consistency is consistent between the first battery system and the second battery system according to the resistance value, specifically: if the resistance value is greater than the resistance value threshold And determining that the voltage consistency between the first battery system and the second battery system is not met, and the first battery system and the second battery system are not connected in parallel.
  • the determining module 320 is configured to When determining whether the first battery system and the second battery system meet the voltage consistency, specifically: if the resistance value is less than the resistance value threshold, detecting the charging current when the high voltage system directly charges the low voltage system; determining the first according to the charging current Whether the voltage consistency is met between the battery system and the second battery system.
  • the determining module 320 is configured to: when determining whether the voltage consistency is consistent between the first battery system and the second battery system according to the charging current, specifically: if the charging current is greater than the current threshold, Determining that the first battery system and the second battery system do not conform to the voltage consistency, the first battery system and the second battery system are not connected in parallel; or, if the charging current is less than the current threshold, determining the first battery system and the second battery system The voltage consistency is consistent between the first battery system and the second battery system in parallel.
  • the determining module 320 is configured to determine whether the voltage consistency is consistent between the first battery system and the second battery system based on the voltage difference and the energy difference, and specifically: if the voltage difference is less than the voltage difference The threshold value determines that the voltage consistency between the first battery system and the second battery system is met.
  • the first battery system and the second battery system is a battery system composed of two or more battery systems connected in parallel.
  • the voltage consistency detecting apparatus in the embodiment can perform the voltage consistency detecting method in the first embodiment.
  • the voltage consistency detecting device provided by the embodiment of the present invention considers different factors of different internal resistance values of the battery system, and comprehensively determines whether the battery systems meet the voltage consistency by the voltage difference and the energy difference between the battery systems. Improve the accuracy of voltage consistency detection.
  • the present embodiment provides a voltage equalization method applied to a first battery system and a second battery system of a multi-branch parallel battery system, wherein a voltage of the first battery system is greater than a voltage of the second battery system.
  • the voltage equalization method further includes the following steps:
  • the constant current value is the maximum current value that the branch battery system can withstand (denoted as Ipmax) And a small value of the maximum current value (denoted as Icmax) that the equalization device can withstand.
  • the resistance of the variable resistor is less than the resistance threshold, indicating that the energy difference between the first battery system and the second battery system has been reduced to a certain extent, but whether the energy difference is small enough to be in parallel with the second battery system in the first battery system.
  • the extent to which it is insufficient to cause a security risk is also determined by the amount of charging current that the first battery system charges directly to the second battery system.
  • the step of determining whether to stop charging according to the detected charging current further comprises: if the detected charging current is greater than the current threshold, continuing to cause the first battery system to charge the second battery system through the second charging circuit Or, if the detected charging current is less than the current threshold, stop charging the second battery system.
  • the charging current of the first battery system directly charging the second battery system is greater than the current threshold, indicating that the energy difference between the first battery system and the second battery system is not small enough to be insufficient when the first battery system is connected in parallel with the second battery system. To the extent that security risks are caused, it is necessary to continue to balance. If the charging current of the first battery system directly charging the second battery system is less than the current threshold, indicating that the energy difference between the first battery system and the second battery system is small enough to be insufficient when the first battery system is connected in parallel with the second battery system To the extent that the security risk is caused, it is not necessary to continue the equalization, and then the charging of the second battery system can be stopped to stop the equalization.
  • the voltage equalization method further includes: if the resistance of the variable resistor is greater than the resistance threshold, continuing to cause the first battery system to charge the second battery system through the first charging circuit.
  • the first battery system and the second battery system is a battery system composed of two or more battery systems connected in parallel.
  • the voltage equalization method provided by the embodiment of the invention can monitor the equalization process, and after the equalization reaches the standard, stop charging in time to prevent overcharge, thereby improving the security performance of the equalization process.
  • embodiments of the present invention further provide an embodiment of a voltage equalization apparatus.
  • the embodiment provides a voltage equalization device applied to a first battery system and a second battery system of a multi-branch parallel battery system, the voltage of the first battery system being greater than the voltage of the second battery system.
  • FIG. 5 is a functional block diagram of a voltage equalization apparatus according to Embodiment 4 of the present invention. As shown in FIG. 5, in this embodiment, the voltage equalization device includes:
  • the first charging module 510 is configured to enable the first battery system to charge the second battery system with a constant current value through a variable resistor, which is recorded as a first charging circuit;
  • the resistance detecting module 520 is configured to detect a resistance of the variable resistor
  • the second charging module 530 is configured to: when the resistance of the variable resistor is less than the resistance value threshold, disconnect the first charging circuit, cause the first battery system to directly charge the second battery system, record the second charging circuit, and detect a charging current of the second charging circuit;
  • the first switch module 540 is configured to determine whether to stop charging according to the charging current detected by the second charging module 530.
  • the first switch module 540 is configured to: when determining whether to stop charging according to the detected charging current, specifically: if the detected charging current is greater than a current threshold, continue to pass the first battery system The second charging circuit charges the second battery system; or, if the detected charging current is less than the current threshold, stops charging the second battery system.
  • the voltage equalization device further includes:
  • the second switch module is configured to continue to charge the first battery system to the second battery system through the first charging circuit when the resistance of the variable resistor is greater than the resistance value threshold.
  • At least one of the first battery system and the second battery system is a battery system composed of two or more battery systems connected in parallel.
  • the voltage equalization device in the embodiment is capable of performing the voltage equalization method in the foregoing embodiment 3.
  • the voltage equalization device provided by the embodiment of the invention can monitor the equalization process, and after the equalization reaches the standard, stops charging in time to prevent overcharge, thereby improving the safety performance of the equalization process.
  • the voltage consistency detection method of the first embodiment and the voltage equalization method of the third embodiment can be used in combination, and the voltage consistency detection method of the first embodiment is used to detect the voltage consistency of the battery system.
  • the battery system without voltage consistency is balanced by the voltage equalization method of the third embodiment.
  • battery system 1 with a voltage of 50 volts
  • battery system 2 with a voltage of 80 volts
  • battery system 3 with a voltage of 100 volts
  • battery system 4 with a voltage of 120 volts.
  • the battery system 1 and the battery system 2 are detected by applying the voltage consistency detecting method of the first embodiment.
  • the detection result is that the battery system 1 and the battery system 2 do not have voltage consistency;
  • the battery system 1 and the battery system 2 are subjected to voltage equalization processing by applying the voltage equalization method of the third embodiment, and the voltages of the battery system 1 and the battery system 2 are both changed to 60 volts after equalization;
  • the equalized battery system 1 and the battery system 2 are connected in parallel to form a battery system 11, and the battery system 11 and the battery system 3 are applied with the voltage consistency detection method of the first embodiment.
  • the detection result is that the battery system 1 and the battery system 2 are not With voltage consistency;
  • the equalized battery system 11 and the battery system 3 are connected in parallel to form a battery system 12, and the battery system 12 and the battery system 4 are applied with the voltage consistency detection method of the first embodiment.
  • the detection result is that the battery system 11 and the battery system 4 are not With voltage consistency;
  • equalized battery system 12 and the battery system 4 are connected in parallel, thus achieving voltage consistency detection and equalization of the plurality of branch battery systems.
  • the embodiment provides a detection and equalization system for a battery system, the system comprising a voltage equalization detection device and a voltage equalization device between the battery systems.
  • the voltage consistency detecting device is any one of the voltage consistency detecting devices in the foregoing second embodiment,
  • the voltage equalization device is any one of the voltage equalization devices of the fourth embodiment.
  • This embodiment provides a detection and equalization circuit for a battery system.
  • the detection and equalization circuit of the battery system includes a first switch S1, a second switch S2, a variable resistor, a controller, a voltage detecting device, a current detecting device, a positive interface, and a negative interface.
  • the two ends of the voltage detecting device are respectively connected with the positive interface and the negative interface
  • the current detecting device and the second switch S2 are connected in series between the positive interface and the negative interface
  • the first switch S1 and the variable resistor comprise a series circuit and a second
  • the switch S2 is connected in parallel
  • the first switch S1, the second switch S2, the variable resistor, the voltage detecting device, and the current detecting device controller are respectively connected to the controller through a low voltage transmission line, and other connecting lines except the low voltage transmission line are high voltage. Transmission line.
  • variable resistor can be a programmed load.
  • the detection and equalization circuit of the battery system in the embodiment can be applied to realize the voltage consistency detection of the battery system and the A voltage-consistent battery system performs voltage equalization.
  • the process and principle of detection and equalization are as follows:
  • Pre-filled loop resistance threshold R0;
  • the maximum current that the branch battery system can withstand Ipmax;
  • the maximum current that the equalization device can withstand Icmax.
  • Equipment connection For the two-way parallel battery system shown in Figure 1, disconnect the high-voltage output of the positive of the battery system and the negative of the battery system, and use the MSD of Pack1-1 as the final parallel connection point, and connect the positive and negative interfaces. Connected to the MSD interface of port Pack1-1.
  • Resistor value R of variable resistor When R>R0, it is judged that Pack1 and Pack2 do not meet the voltage consistency, the battery system does not meet the branch parallel condition, and enters the branch voltage equalization process of step 4 below; when R ⁇ R0, go to step 3.5.
  • step 4.1 After entering the branch equalization process without satisfying the branch parallel condition, the user may first be informed that the battery system does not satisfy the parallel condition and proceed to step 4.2.
  • the detection and equalization circuit of the battery system provided by the embodiment of the invention comprehensively determines whether the battery system meets the voltage consistency by the voltage difference and the energy difference between the battery systems, improves the accuracy of the voltage consistency detection, and can The battery system's equalization process is monitored. After the equilibrium reaches the standard, the charging is stopped in time to prevent overcharging, thereby improving the safety performance of the equalization process.

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Abstract

一种电压一致性检测方法及装置、电压均衡方法及装置。该装置或方法通过检测第一电池系统与第二电池系统的电压差和能量差;基于所述电压差和所述能量差,判断所述第一电池系统与所述第二电池系统之间是否符合电压一致性,其中,当符合电压一致性,所述第一电池系统和所述第二电池系统进行并联,并考虑了不同的电池系统的内阻值不同的因素,通过电池系统之间的电压差和能量差来综合判断电池系统之间是否符合电压一致性,提高了电压一致性检测的准确度,解决了多支路并联电池系统支路电压一致性检测准确度比较低的问题。

Description

电压一致性检测方法及装置、电压均衡方法及装置
本申请要求于2017年01月13日提交中国专利局、申请号为201710025756.6、发明名称为“电压一致性检测方法及装置、电压均衡方法及装置”的中国专利申请的优先权,其全部内容通过引用结合在本申请中。
技术领域
本方案涉及电子技术领域,尤其涉及一种电压一致性检测方法及装置、电压均衡方法及装置。
背景技术
纯电动大巴具有无污染、噪声低的优点,因此发展前景十分广阔。电池系统是纯电动大巴发展的首要关键。纯电动大巴的动力系统和储能系统都需要电池系统的支撑。
为了提高电池系统的过流能力,现在很多纯电动大巴车动力电池系统和储能电池系统采用多支路电池系统并联。下面以两支路并联电池系统为例进行说明。
请参考图1,其为两支路电池系统的并联示例图。如图1所示,支路1由电池箱Pack1-1、电池箱Pack1-2......电池箱Pack1-(n-1)、电池箱Pack1-n串联组成,支路2由电池箱Pack2-1、电池箱Pack2-2......电池箱Pack2-(n-1)、电池箱Pack2-n组成,支路1和支路2并联组成两支路并联电池系统。其中,支路1的电压为U1,支路2的电压为U2,在组装和售后维护过程中,将两支路并联时(将Pack1-1的MSD(Manual Service Disconnect,手动维护开关)作为最后并联的连接点),若U1≠U2,由于电池内阻和电池之间的高压连接阻值较小,会出现电压高的支路对电压低的支路大电流充电,以及Pack1-1的MSD处打火等安全风险。
因此,在对电池系统进行并联前,需要对多支路并联电池系统的支路电压(即支路电池系统的电压)进行一致性检测。一致性检测是指检测要进行并联的各支路电池系统是否符合并联条件,如果符合,则可以对各支路电池系统进行并联。如果不符合,就需要对支路电压进行均衡,使均衡后的各支路满足并联条件。
现有技术中,多支路并联电池系统支路电压一致性检测的方案是:对多支路并联电池系统中各条支路进行两两检测,用电压表测量两支路的电压差,然后将测得的电压差与固定的电压差阈值进行比较,如果测得的电压差大于电压差阈值,则判定该两支路不符合并联条件,不能进行并联,如果测得的电压差小于电压差阈值,则判定该两支路符合并联条件,可以进行并联。
由于不同的电池系统规格参数不一样,只通过一个固定的电压差阀值来判断是否可以并联存在如下的问题:若电压差阀值较小,会导致很多不需进行均衡的多支路电池系统要先进行电压均衡才能进行支路并联,浪费人力物力;若电压差阀值较大,则存在误判风险,会导致大电流充电或打火风险。
可见,现有技术中的多支路并联电池系统支路电压一致性检测方案,不是导致一些实际上能够并联的电池系统在进行均衡后才能并联,就是使一些实际上不能并联的电池系统直接并联而造成安全风险,检测的准确度比较低。
发明内容
有鉴于此,本方案实施例提供了一种电压一致性检测方法及装置、电压均衡方法及装置,用以解决现有技术中多支路并联电池系统支路电压一致性检测准确度比较低的问题。
第一方面,本方案实施例提供一种电压一致性检测方法,应用于多支路并联电池系统的第一电池系统和第二电池系统,所述方法包括:
检测所述第一电池系统与所述第二电池系统的电压差;
检测所述第一电池系统与所述第二电池系统的能量差;
基于所述电压差和所述能量差,判断所述第一电池系统与所述第二电池系统之间是否符合电压一致性,其中,当符合电压一致性,所述第一电池系统和所述第二电池系统进行并联。
如上所述的方面和任一可能的实现方式,进一步提供一种实现方式,基于所述电压差和所述能量差,判断所述第一电池系统与所述第二电池系统之间是否符合电压一致性的步骤包括:
若所述电压差大于电压差阈值,检测所述第一电池系统和所述第二电池系统两者中的高压系统通过可变电阻对所述两者中的低压系统以恒定电流值充电时所述可变电阻的电阻值;
根据所述电阻值判断所述第一电池系统与所述第二电池系统之间是否符 合电压一致性。
如上所述的方面和任一可能的实现方式,进一步提供一种实现方式,根据所述电阻值判断所述第一电池系统与所述第二电池系统之间是否符合电压一致性的步骤包括:
若所述电阻值大于电阻值阈值,判断所述第一电池系统与所述第二电池系统之间不符合电压一致性,所述第一电池系统和所述第二电池系统不进行并联。
如上所述的方面和任一可能的实现方式,进一步提供一种实现方式,根据所述电阻值判断所述第一电池系统与所述第二电池系统之间是否符合电压一致性的步骤包括:
若所述电阻值小于电阻值阈值,检测所述高压系统直接对所述低压系统充电时的充电电流;
根据所述充电电流判断所述第一电池系统与所述第二电池系统之间是否符合电压一致性。
如上所述的方面和任一可能的实现方式,进一步提供一种实现方式,根据所述充电电流判断所述第一电池系统与所述第二电池系统之间是否符合电压一致性的步骤包括:
若所述充电电流大于电流阈值,判断所述第一电池系统与所述第二电池系统之间不符合电压一致性,所述第一电池系统和所述第二电池系统不进行并联;
或者,若所述充电电流小于电流阈值,判断所述第一电池系统与所述第二电池系统之间符合电压一致性。
如上所述的方面和任一可能的实现方式,进一步提供一种实现方式,基于所述电压差和所述能量差,判断所述第一电池系统与所述第二电池系统之间是否符合电压一致性的步骤包括:
若所述电压差小于电压差阈值,判断所述第一电池系统与所述第二电池系统之间符合电压一致性。
如上所述的方面和任一可能的实现方式,进一步提供一种实现方式,所述第一电池系统和所述第二电池系统两者中至多有一个为由两个以上的电池系统并联组成的电池系统。
第二方面,本方案实施例提供一种电压一致性检测装置,应用于多支路并联电池系统的第一电池系统和第二电池系统,所述装置包括:
检测模块,用于检测所述第一电池系统与所述第二电池系统的电压差和能量差;
确定模块,用于基于所述电压差和所述能量差,判断所述第一电池系统与所述第二电池系统之间是否符合电压一致性,其中,当符合电压一致性,所述第一电池系统和所述第二电池系统进行并联。
如上所述的方面和任一可能的实现方式,进一步提供一种实现方式,所述确定模块用于在基于所述电压差和所述第一电池系统与所述第二电池系统之间的能量差,判断所述第一电池系统与所述第二电池系统之间是否符合电压一致性时,具体用于:
若所述电压差大于电压差阈值,检测所述第一电池系统和所述第二电池系统两者中的高压系统通过可变电阻对所述两者中的低压系统以恒定电流值充电时所述可变电阻的电阻值;
根据所述电阻值判断所述第一电池系统与所述第二电池系统之间是否符合电压一致性。
如上所述的方面和任一可能的实现方式,进一步提供一种实现方式,所述确定模块用于在根据所述电阻值确定所述第一电池系统与所述第二电池系统之间是否符合电压一致性时,具体用于:
若所述电阻值大于电阻值阈值,判断所述第一电池系统与所述第二电池系统之间不符合电压一致性,所述第一电池系统和所述第二电池系统不进行并联。
如上所述的方面和任一可能的实现方式,进一步提供一种实现方式,所述确定模块用于在根据所述电阻值判断所述第一电池系统与所述第二电池系统之间是否符合电压一致性时,具体用于:
若所述电阻值小于电阻值阈值,检测所述高压系统直接对所述低压系统充电时的充电电流;
根据所述充电电流判断所述第一电池系统与所述第二电池系统之间是否符合电压一致性。
如上所述的方面和任一可能的实现方式,进一步提供一种实现方式,所 述确定模块用于在根据所述充电电流判断所述第一电池系统与所述第二电池系统之间是否符合电压一致性时,具体用于:
若所述充电电流大于电流阈值,判断所述第一电池系统与所述第二电池系统之间不符合电压一致性,所述第一电池系统和所述第二电池系统不进行并联;
或者,若所述充电电流小于电流阈值,判断所述第一电池系统与所述第二电池系统之间符合电压一致性,所述第一电池系统和所述第二电池系统进行并联。
如上所述的方面和任一可能的实现方式,进一步提供一种实现方式,所述确定模块用于在基于所述电压差和所述第一电池系统与所述能量差,判断所述第一电池系统与所述第二电池系统之间是否符合电压一致性时,具体用于:
若所述电压差小于电压差阈值,判断所述第一电池系统与所述第二电池系统之间符合电压一致性。
如上所述的方面和任一可能的实现方式,进一步提供一种实现方式,所述第一电池系统和所述第二电池系统两者中至多有一个为由两个以上的电池系统并联组成的电池系统。
本发明实施例提供的电压一致性检测方法和电压一致性检测装置,考虑了不同的电池系统的内阻值不同的因素,通过电池系统之间的电压差和能量差来综合判断电池系统之间是否符合电压一致性,提高了电压一致性检测的准确度。
第三方面,本方案实施例提供一种电压均衡方法,应用于多支路并联电池系统的第一电池系统和第二电池系统,所述第一电池系统的电压大于所述第二电池系统的电压,包括:
使所述第一电池系统通过可变电阻以恒定电流值向所述第二电池系统充电,记为第一充电电路;
检测所述可变电阻的阻值;
若所述可变电阻的阻值小于电阻值阈值,断开所述第一充电电路,使所述第一电池系统直接向所述第二电池系统充电,记为第二充电电路,并检测所述第二充电电路的充电电流;
根据检测到的充电电流判断是否停止充电。
如上所述的方面和任一可能的实现方式,进一步提供一种实现方式,根据检测到的充电电流判断是否停止充电的步骤包括:
若检测到的充电电流大于电流阈值,继续使第一电池系统通过所述第二充电电路向所述第二电池系统充电;
或者,若检测到的充电电流小于电流阈值,停止对所述第二电池系统充电。
如上所述的方面和任一可能的实现方式,进一步提供一种实现方式,还包括:
若所述可变电阻的阻值大于所述电阻值阈值,继续使第一电池系统通过所述第一充电电路向第二电池系统充电。
如上所述的方面和任一可能的实现方式,进一步提供一种实现方式,所述第一电池系统和所述第二电池系统两者中至多有一个为由两个以上的电池系统并联组成的电池系统。
第四方面,本方案实施例提供一种电池系统间的电压均衡装置,应用于多支路并联电池系统的第一电池系统和第二电池系统,所述第一电池系统的电压大于所述第二电池系统的电压,包括:
第一充电模块,用于使所述第一电池系统通过可变电阻以恒定电流值向所述第二电池系统充电,记为第一充电电路;
阻值检测模块,用于检测所述可变电阻的阻值;
第二充电模块,用于在所述可变电阻的阻值小于电阻值阈值时,断开所述第一充电电路,使所述第一电池系统直接向所述第二电池系统充电,记为第二充电电路,并检测所述第二充电电路的充电电流;
开关模块,用于根据所述第二充电模块检测到的充电电流判断是否停止充电。
如上所述的方面和任一可能的实现方式,进一步提供一种实现方式,所述开关模块用于在根据检测到的充电电流判断是否停止充电时,具体用于:
若检测到的充电电流大于电流阈值,继续使第一电池系统通过所述第二充电电路向所述第二电池系统充电;
或者,若检测到的充电电流小于电流阈值,停止对所述第二电池系统充 电。
如上所述的方面和任一可能的实现方式,进一步提供一种实现方式,还包括:
第二开关模块,用于在所述可变电阻的阻值大于所述电阻值阈值时,继续使第一电池系统通过所述第一充电电路向第二电池系统充电。
如上所述的方面和任一可能的实现方式,进一步提供一种实现方式,所述第一电池系统和所述第二电池系统两者中至多有一个为由两个以上的电池系统并联组成的电池系统。
本发明实施例提供的电压均衡方法和电压均衡装置,能够对均衡过程进行监控,在均衡达到标准后,及时停止充电,防止发生过充,从而提高了均衡过程的安全性能。
第五方面,本方案实施例提供一种电池系统的检测及均衡系统,所述系统包括电压一致性检测装置和电池系统间的电压均衡装置,
所述电压一致性检测装置为第二方面所述的任一种电压一致性检测装置,
所述电池系统间的电压均衡装置为第四方面所述的任一种电池系统间的电压均衡装置。
第六方面,本方案实施例提供一种电池系统的检测及均衡电路,其特征在于,所述电路包括第一开关、第二开关、可变电阻、控制器、电压检测设备、电流检测设备、正极接口、负极接口,所述电压检测设备的两端分别与所述正极接口和所述负极接口相连,所述电流检测设备与所述第二开关串联在所述正极接口和所述负极接口之间,所述第一开关与所述可变电阻组成的串联电路与所述第二开关并联,所述第一开关、所述第二开关、所述可变电阻、所述电压检测设备、所述电流检测设备控制器分别通过低压传输线与所述控制器相连,所述电路中除所述低压传输线外的其他连接线均为高压传输线。
如上所述的方面和任一可能的实现方式,进一步提供一种实现方式,所述可变电阻为程控负载。
本发明实施例提供的电池系统的检测及均衡电路,通过电池系统之间的电压差和能量差来综合判断电池系统之间是否符合电压一致性,提高了电压一致性检测的准确度,并且能够对电池系统的均衡过程进行监控,在均衡达 到标准后,及时停止充电,防止发生过充,从而提高了均衡过程的安全性能。
附图说明
为了更清楚地说明本方案实施例的技术方案,下面将对实施例中所需要使用的附图作简单地介绍,显而易见地,下面描述中的附图仅仅是本方案的一些实施例,对于本领域普通技术人员来讲,在不付出创造性劳动性的前提下,还可以根据这些附图获得其它的附图。
图1为两支路电池系统的并联示例图。
图2为本发明实施例一中电压一致性检测方法的流程示意图。
图3为本发明实施例二中电压一致性检测装置的功能方块图。
图4为本发明实施例三中电压均衡方法的流程示意图。
图5为本发明实施例四中电压均衡装置的功能方块图。
图6为本发明实施例六中电池系统的检测及均衡电路的电路图。
具体实施方式
为了更好的理解本方案的技术方案,下面结合附图对本方案实施例进行详细描述。
应当明确,所描述的实施例仅仅是本方案一部分实施例,而不是全部的实施例。基于本方案中的实施例,本领域普通技术人员在没有作出创造性劳动前提下所获得的所有其它实施例,都属于本方案保护的范围。
在本方案实施例中使用的术语是仅仅出于描述特定实施例的目的,而非旨在限制本方案。在本方案实施例和所附权利要求书中所使用的单数形式的“一种”、“所述”和“该”也旨在包括多数形式,除非上下文清楚地表示其他含义。
应当理解,本文中使用的术语“和/或”仅仅是一种描述关联对象的关联关系,表示可以存在三种关系,例如,A和/或B,可以表示:单独存在A,同时存在A和B,单独存在B这三种情况。另外,本文中字符“/”,一般表示前后关联对象是一种“或”的关系。
取决于语境,如在此所使用的词语“如果”可以被解释成为“在......时”或“当......时”或“响应于确定”或“响应于检测”。类似地,取决于语境,短语“如果确定”或“如果检测(陈述的条件或事件)”可以被解释成为“当确定时”或“响应于确定”或“当检测(陈述的条件或事件)时”或“响应于检测(陈述的条件或事件)”。
实施例一
本发明实施例提供了一种电压一致性检测方法,该电压一致性检测方法可以应用于多支路并联电池系统的第一电池系统和第二电池系统。
图2为本发明实施例一中电压一致性检测方法的流程示意图。如图2所示,本实施例中,电压一致性检测方法包括如下步骤:
S201,检测第一电池系统与第二电池系统的电压差;
如果第一电池系统与第二电池系统处于并联的状态,将第一电池系统与第二电池系统组成的并联电池系统的高压输出断开,然后将第一电池系统与第二电池系统组成的回路在任意一点断开,测量断开处两点间的电压差,该电压差即为第一电池系统与第二电池系统的电压差。例如,图1中,将Pack1-1的MSD作为最后并联连接点,将MSD断开后,测量MSD两端点间的电压,即得到两电池系统间的电压差。
S202,检测第一电池系统与第二电池系统的能量差;
S203,基于电压差和能量差,判断第一电池系统与第二电池系统之间是否符合电压一致性,其中,当符合电压一致性,第一电池系统和第二电池系统进行并联。
考虑到不同的电池系统的内阻值不一样,因此不能仅依据一个固定的电压差阈值来判断是否并联。本实施例中,依据第一电池系统与第二电池系统之间的电压差和能量差,来判断第一电池系统与第二电池系统之间是否符合电压一致性,如果符合电压一致性,就确定第一电池系统和第二电池系统可以并联,如果不符合电压一致性,就确定第一电池系统和第二电池系统不能并联,需要进行电压均衡。
其中,能量差关系到第一电池系统与第二电池系统之间由高压系统对低压系统直接充电时的充电电流大小,为了描述方便,将这个充电电流称为直接充电电流。如果能量差过大,直接充电电流就会很大,从而造成MSD处打火的安全风险,如果能量差比较小,直接充电电流就会比较小,如果直接充电电流小到一个电流阈值以下,就不会造成或者说很难造成MSD处打火的安全风险,这个时候,第一电池系统与第二电池系统之间的电压差即使大于设定的电压差阈值,也可以进行并联,因为此时第一电池系统与第二电池系统之间并联,即使存在高压系统对低压系统充电的直接充电电流,该直接充电 电流也不会造成安全风险。
据此,在具体应用中,可以设置一个较小的电压差阈值,通过电压差阈值将一些电压差小于电压差阈值的电池系统确定为可以并联的电池系统。由于电压差阈值比较小,因此,对这些电压差小于电压差阈值的电池系统的一致性检测准确度是比较高的。对于电压差大于电压差阈值的电池系统,再进一步视其能量差情况,确定是否能够并联,或者说,确定是否符合电压一致性。
在一个具体的实现过程中,基于电压差和能量差,判断第一电池系统与第二电池系统之间是否符合电压一致性的步骤还包括:若电压差大于电压差阈值,检测第一电池系统和第二电池系统两者中的高压系统通过可变电阻对两者中的低压系统以恒定电流值充电时可变电阻的电阻值;根据电阻值判断第一电池系统与第二电池系统之间是否符合电压一致性。
其中,可变电阻可以是程控电阻。
当第一电池系统与第二电池系统之间的高压系统通过可变电阻对两者中的低压系统以恒定电流值充电(为描述方便,将此充电电路记为第一充电电路)时,由于电流恒定,那么可变电阻的电阻值越大,说明可变电阻上消耗的能量越大(因为可变电阻上消耗的能量W=I2R),可变电阻上消耗的能量越大,说明第一电池系统与第二电池系统之间的能量差越大。当电流值恒定时,可变电阻上消耗的能量与可变电阻的电阻值成正比,因此,当电流值恒定时,第一电池系统与第二电池系统之间的能量差与可变电阻的电阻值成正比。
其中,第一电池系统与第二电池系统之间的高压系统通过可变电阻对两者中的低压系统以恒定电流值充电的恒定电流值,可以设置为该通过可变电阻充电电路中允许的最大电流值,为描述方便,将该最大电流值记为第一电流阈值I10。
这样,可以进一步设置电阻阈值R0,这样,允许可变电阻上消耗的最大能量等于I10*I10*R0。当第一电池系统与第二电池系统之间的高压系统通过可变电阻对两者中的低压系统以恒定电流值I10充电时,可变电阻消耗的能量与可变电阻的电阻值成正比。
进一步地,在一个具体的实现过程中,根据电阻值判断第一电池系统与 第二电池系统之间是否符合电压一致性的步骤还包括:若电阻值大于电阻值阈值,判断第一电池系统与第二电池系统之间不符合电压一致性,第一电池系统和第二电池系统不进行并联。
进一步地,在一个具体的实现过程中,根据电阻值判断第一电池系统与第二电池系统之间是否符合电压一致性的步骤还包括:若电阻值小于电阻值阈值,检测高压系统直接对低压系统充电时的充电电流;根据该充电电流判断第一电池系统与第二电池系统之间是否符合电压一致性。
对于电阻值小于电阻值阈值的情况,说明第一电池系统和第二电池系统之间的能量差比较小,但是,能量差是否小到使第一电池系统和第二电池系统两者并联没有安全风险的程度,还需要进一步判断。这时,可以通过高压系统直接对低压系统充电时的充电电流大小来判断能量差的危险程度。显然,直接充电电流越小,说明能量差越小,并联危险越小,反之亦然。为此,可以设置一个第二电流阈值,当直接充电电流小于第二电流阈值,说明能量差很小,不足以造成并联的安全风险,此时认为第一电池系统和第二电池系统之间符合电压一致性,可以并联,如果直接充电电流大于第二电流阈值,说明能量差比较大,足以造成并联的安全风险,此时认为第一电池系统和第二电池系统之间不符合电压一致性,不能并联。
因此,进一步地,在一个具体的实现过程中,根据该充电电流判断第一电池系统与第二电池系统之间是否符合电压一致性的步骤还包括:若充电电流大于电流阈值(即上述提及的第二电流阈值),判断第一电池系统与第二电池系统之间不符合电压一致性,第一电池系统和第二电池系统不进行并联;或者,若充电电流小于电流阈值,判断第一电池系统与第二电池系统之间符合电压一致性,第一电池系统和第二电池系统进行并联。
在一个具体的实现过程中,基于电压差和能量差,判断第一电池系统与第二电池系统之间是否符合电压一致性的步骤还包括:若电压差小于电压差阈值,判断第一电池系统与第二电池系统之间符合电压一致性。
在一个具体的实现过程中,第一电池系统和第二电池系统两者中至多有一个为由两个以上的电池系统并联组成的电池系统。也就是说,第一电池系统和第二电池系统组成的并联电池系统可以是两支路并联电池系统,也可以是三支路并联电池系统等多支路并联电池系统。对于三支路以上的多支路并 联电池系统,可以将其看作由一个单支路的非并联电池系统和一个两支路以上的并联电池系统组成的两支路电池系统,从而可以应用本实施例中的一致性检测方法进行检测。当然,前提是,其中的两支路以上的并联电池系统中的各个单支路电池系统之间是已经经过一致性检测为符合电压一致性,能够并联的电池系统。
本发明实施例提供的电压一致性检测方法,考虑了不同的电池系统的内阻值不同的因素,通过电池系统之间的电压差和能量差来综合判断电池系统之间是否符合电压一致性,提高了电压一致性检测的准确度。
为了实现前述电压一致性检测方法实施例中的各步骤,本发明实施例还提供了电压一致性检测装置实施例。
实施例二
本实施例提出了一种电压一致性检测装置,该电压一致性检测装置应用于多支路并联电池系统的第一电池系统和第二电池系统。
图3为本发明实施例二中电压一致性检测装置的功能方块图。如图3所示,本实施例中,电压一致性检测装置还包括:
检测模块310,用于检测第一电池系统与第二电池系统的电压差和能量差;
确定模块320,用于基于电压差和能量差,判断第一电池系统与第二电池系统之间是否符合电压一致性,其中,当符合电压一致性,第一电池系统和第二电池系统进行并联。
在一个具体的实现过程中,确定模块320用于在基于电压差和能量差,判断第一电池系统与所述第二电池系统之间是否符合电压一致性时,具体用于:若电压差大于电压差阈值,检测第一电池系统和第二电池系统两者中的高压系统通过可变电阻对两者中的低压系统以恒定电流值充电时可变电阻的电阻值;根据电阻值判断第一电池系统与第二电池系统之间是否符合电压一致性。
进一步地,在一个具体的实现过程中,确定模块320用于在根据电阻值判断第一电池系统与第二电池系统之间是否符合电压一致性时,具体用于:若电阻值大于电阻值阈值,判断第一电池系统与所述第二电池系统之间不符合电压一致性,第一电池系统和第二电池系统不进行并联。
进一步地,在一个具体的实现过程中,确定模块320用于在根据电阻值 判断第一电池系统与第二电池系统之间是否符合电压一致性时,具体用于:若电阻值小于电阻值阈值,检测高压系统直接对低压系统充电时的充电电流;根据充电电流判断第一电池系统与第二电池系统之间是否符合电压一致性。
进一步地,在一个具体的实现过程中,确定模块320用于在根据充电电流判断第一电池系统与第二电池系统之间是否符合电压一致性时,具体用于:若充电电流大于电流阈值,判断第一电池系统与第二电池系统之间不符合电压一致性,第一电池系统和第二电池系统不进行并联;或者,若充电电流小于电流阈值,判断第一电池系统与第二电池系统之间符合电压一致性,第一电池系统和第二电池系统进行并联。
在一个具体的实现过程中,确定模块320用于在基于电压差和能量差,判断第一电池系统与第二电池系统之间是否符合电压一致性时,具体用于:若电压差小于电压差阈值,判断第一电池系统与第二电池系统之间符合电压一致性。
其中,第一电池系统和第二电池系统两者中至多有一个为由两个以上的电池系统并联组成的电池系统。
由于本实施例中的电压一致性检测装置能够执行前述实施例一中的电压一致性检测方法,本实施例未详细描述的部分,可参考对前述实施例一中电压一致性检测方法的相关说明。
本发明实施例提供的电压一致性检测装置,考虑了不同的电池系统的内阻值不同的因素,通过电池系统之间的电压差和能量差来综合判断电池系统之间是否符合电压一致性,提高了电压一致性检测的准确度。
实施例三
本实施例提供了一种电压均衡方法,该电压均衡方法应用于多支路并联电池系统的第一电池系统和第二电池系统,其中,第一电池系统的电压大于第二电池系统的电压。
图4为本发明实施例三中电压均衡方法的流程示意图。如图4所示,本实施例中,电压均衡方法还包括如下步骤:
S401,使第一电池系统通过可变电阻以恒定电流值向第二电池系统充电,记为第一充电电路;
其中,恒定电流值为支路电池系统所能承受的最大电流值(记为Ipmax) 和均衡设备所能承受的最大电流值(记为Icmax)两者中的小值。
S402,检测可变电阻的阻值;
S403,若可变电阻的阻值小于电阻值阈值,断开第一充电电路,使第一电池系统直接向第二电池系统充电,记为第二充电电路,并检测第二充电电路的充电电流;
可变电阻的阻值小于电阻值阈值,说明第一电池系统与第二电池系统之间的能量差已经小到一定程度,但该能量差是否小到在第一电池系统与第二电池系统并联时不足以引起安全风险的程度,还需要根据第一电池系统直接向第二电池系统充电的充电电流大小来确定。
S404,根据检测到的充电电流判断是否停止充电。
在一个具体的实现过程中,根据检测到的充电电流判断是否停止充电的步骤还包括:若检测到的充电电流大于电流阈值,继续使第一电池系统通过第二充电电路向第二电池系统充电;或者,若检测到的充电电流小于电流阈值,停止对第二电池系统充电。
第一电池系统直接向第二电池系统充电的充电电流大于电流阈值,说明第一电池系统与第二电池系统之间的能量差还没有小到在第一电池系统与第二电池系统并联时不足以引起安全风险的程度,需要继续进行均衡。如果第一电池系统直接向第二电池系统充电的充电电流小于电流阈值,说明第一电池系统与第二电池系统之间的能量差已经小到在第一电池系统与第二电池系统并联时不足以引起安全风险的程度,不需要继续进行均衡,此时就可以停止对第二电池系统充电,以停止均衡。
在一个具体的实现过程中,所述电压均衡方法还还包括:若可变电阻的阻值大于电阻值阈值,继续使第一电池系统通过第一充电电路向第二电池系统充电。
其中,第一电池系统和第二电池系统两者中至多有一个为由两个以上的电池系统并联组成的电池系统。
本发明实施例提供的电压均衡方法,能够对均衡过程进行监控,在均衡达到标准后,及时停止充电,防止发生过充,从而提高了均衡过程的安全性能。
实施例四
为了实现前述电压均衡方法实施例中的各步骤,本发明实施例还提供了电压均衡装置实施例。
本实施例提供了一种电压均衡装置,该电压均衡装置应用于多支路并联电池系统的第一电池系统和第二电池系统,第一电池系统的电压大于所述第二电池系统的电压。
图5为本发明实施例四中电压均衡装置的功能方块图。如图5所示,本实施例中,电压均衡装置包括:
第一充电模块510,用于使第一电池系统通过可变电阻以恒定电流值向第二电池系统充电,记为第一充电电路;
阻值检测模块520,用于检测可变电阻的阻值;
第二充电模块530,用于在可变电阻的阻值小于电阻值阈值时,断开第一充电电路,使第一电池系统直接向第二电池系统充电,记为第二充电电路,并检测第二充电电路的充电电流;
第一开关模块540,用于根据第二充电模块检测530到的充电电流判断是否停止充电。
在一个具体的实现过程中,第一开关模块540用于在根据检测到的充电电流判断是否停止充电时,具体用于:若检测到的充电电流大于电流阈值,继续使第一电池系统通过第二充电电路向第二电池系统充电;或者,若检测到的充电电流小于电流阈值,停止对第二电池系统充电。
在一个具体的实现过程中,电压均衡装置还包括:
第二开关模块,用于在所述可变电阻的阻值大于所述电阻值阈值时,继续使第一电池系统通过所述第一充电电路向第二电池系统充电。
其中,第一电池系统和所述第二电池系统两者中至多有一个为由两个以上的电池系统并联组成的电池系统。
由于本实施例中的电压均衡装置能够执行前述实施例三中的电压均衡方法,本实施例未详细描述的部分,可参考对前述实施例一中电压均衡方法的相关说明。
本发明实施例提供的电压均衡装置,能够对均衡过程进行监控,在均衡达到标准后,及时停止充电,防止发生过充,从而提高了均衡过程的安全性能。
需要说明的是,实施例一的电压一致性检测方法与实施例三的电压均衡方法可以结合在一起应用,采用实施例一的电压一致性检测方法对电池系统的电压一致性进行检测,对于检测出的不具有电压一致性的电池系统,再采用实施例三的电压均衡方法进行均衡。
举例说明,假设有4个单支路的非并联电池系统:电池系统1电压50伏,电池系统2电压80伏,电池系统3电压100伏,电池系统4电压120伏。
首先应用实施例一的电压一致性检测方法对电池系统1和电池系统2进行检测,检测结果是电池系统1和电池系统2不具有电压一致性;
然后应用实施例三的电压均衡方法对电池系统1和电池系统2进行电压均衡处理,均衡后电池系统1和电池系统2的电压都变为60伏;
将均衡后的电池系统1和电池系统2并联,组成电池系统11,对电池系统11和电池系统3应用实施例一的电压一致性检测方法进行检测,检测结果是电池系统1和电池系统2不具有电压一致性;
应用实施例三的电压均衡方法对电池系统11和电池系统3进行电压均衡处理,均衡后电池系统11和电池系统3的电压都变为70伏;
将均衡后的电池系统11和电池系统3并联,组成电池系统12,对电池系统12和电池系统4应用实施例一的电压一致性检测方法进行检测,检测结果是电池系统11和电池系统4不具有电压一致性;
应用实施例三的电压均衡方法对电池系统12和电池系统4进行电压均衡处理,均衡后电池系统12和电池系统4的电压都变为75伏;
最后将均衡后的电池系统12和电池系统4并联,这样,就实现了多个支路电池系统的电压一致性检测和均衡。
实施例五
本实施例提供了一种电池系统的检测及均衡系统,该系统包括电压一致性检测装置和电池系统间的电压均衡装置。
其中,电压一致性检测装置为前述实施例二中的任一种电压一致性检测装置,
其中,电压均衡装置为前述实施例四中的任一种电压均衡装置。
实施例六
本实施例提供了一种电池系统的检测及均衡电路。
图6为本发明实施例六中电池系统的检测及均衡电路的电路图。如图6所示,本实施例中,电池系统的检测及均衡电路包括第一开关S1、第二开关S2、可变电阻、控制器、电压检测设备、电流检测设备、正极接口、负极接口,其中,电压检测设备的两端分别与正极接口和负极接口相连,电流检测设备与第二开关S2串联在正极接口和负极接口之间,第一开关S1与可变电阻组成的串联电路与第二开关S2并联,第一开关S1、第二开关S2、可变电阻、电压检测设备、电流检测设备控制器分别通过低压传输线与控制器相连,该电路中除低压传输线外的其他连接线均为高压传输线。
其中,可变电阻可以为程控负载。
在控制器中安装前述实施例五所述的电池系统的检测及均衡系统后,即可应用本实施例中的电池系统的检测及均衡电路,实现对电池系统的电压一致性检测以及对不具有电压一致性的电池系统进行电压均衡。下面以图1所示的两支路并联电池系统为例,说明检测及均衡的过程和原理如下:
1)首先设定参数:
电压差阀值:ΔU0
预充回路电阻阀值:R0;
S1所在回路电流阀值:I10;
S2所在回路电流阀值:I20;
支路电池系统所能承受的最大电流值:Ipmax;
均衡设备所能承受的最大电流值:Icmax。
2)设备连接:对于图1所示的两支路并联电池系统,断开电池系统正极和电池系统负极对外的高压输出,将Pack1-1的MSD作为最后并联连接点,将正极接口和负极接口与口Pack1-1的MSD接口相连。
3)电压一致性检测,以判断是否可并联:
3.1)电压差检测:采用电压检测设备检测Pack1和Pack2之间的电压差ΔU;
3.2)电压差判定:当ΔU≤ΔU0,即判断Pack1和Pack2符合电压一致性,满足支路并联条件,结束判断流程,并告知用户该电池系统满足支路并联条件;当ΔU>ΔU0,进入步骤3.3。
3.3)当ΔU>ΔU0,闭合预充回路中的S1,调节可变电阻直到S1所在回 路电流I1=I10,记录此时可变电阻的电阻值R。
3.4)可变电阻的电阻值R判断:当R>R0,即判断Pack1和Pack2不符合电压一致性,电池系统不满足支路并联条件,进入下面步骤4的支路电压均衡流程;当R≤R0,进入步骤3.5。
3.5)当R≤R0,闭合预充回路中的开关S2,测量开关S2所在回路的电流I2,得到I2后断开开关S1和开关S2。
3.6)电流值I2判断:当I2>I20,即判断Pack1和Pack2不符合电压一致性,电池系统不满足支路并联条件,进入下面步骤4的支路电压均衡流程;当I2≤I20,判断Pack1和Pack2符合电压一致性,电池系统满足支路并联条件,结束判定流程,并告知客户该电池系统满足支路并联条件。
4)支路电压均衡:
4.1)当不满足支路并联条件进入支路均衡流程后,可以首先告知用户电池系统不满足并联条件,并进入步骤4.2。
4.2)闭合开关S1,调节可变电阻,将电流I1稳定在Ipmax与Icmax两者中的最小值,进行恒流充电,记录恒流充电过程中的可变电阻的电阻值R。
4.3)电阻值R判断:当R>R0,返回步骤4.2,继续进行恒流充电;当R≤R0,进入步骤4.4。
4.4)当R≤R0,闭合开关S2,记录开关S2所在回路电流I2。
4.5)电流值I2判断:当I2>I20,返回步骤4.4,继续保持S2闭合;当I2≤I20,断开S1和S2,结束均衡流程,判断电池系统满足支路并联条件。
本发明实施例提供的电池系统的检测及均衡电路,通过电池系统之间的电压差和能量差来综合判断电池系统之间是否符合电压一致性,提高了电压一致性检测的准确度,并且能够对电池系统的均衡过程进行监控,在均衡达到标准后,及时停止充电,防止发生过充,从而提高了均衡过程的安全性能。
以上所述仅为本方案的较佳实施例而已,并不用以限制本方案,凡在本方案的精神和原则之内,所做的任何修改、等同替换、改进等,均应包含在本方案保护的范围之内。

Claims (25)

  1. 一种电压一致性检测方法,应用于多支路并联电池系统中的第一电池系统和第二电池系统,其特征在于,所述方法包括:
    检测所述第一电池系统与所述第二电池系统的电压差;
    检测所述第一电池系统与所述第二电池系统的能量差;
    基于所述电压差和所述能量差,判断所述第一电池系统与所述第二电池系统之间是否符合电压一致性,其中,当符合电压一致性,所述第一电池系统和所述第二电池系统进行并联。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的方法,其特征在于,基于所述电压差和所述能量差,判断所述第一电池系统与所述第二电池系统之间是否符合电压一致性的步骤包括:
    若所述电压差大于电压差阈值,检测所述第一电池系统和所述第二电池系统两者中的高压系统通过可变电阻对所述两者中的低压系统以恒定电流值充电时所述可变电阻的电阻值;
    根据所述电阻值判断所述第一电池系统与所述第二电池系统之间是否符合电压一致性。
  3. 根据权利要求2所述的方法,其特征在于,根据所述电阻值判断所述第 一电池系统与所述第二电池系统之间是否符合电压一致性的步骤包括:
    若所述电阻值大于电阻值阈值,判断所述第一电池系统与所述第二电池系统之间不符合电压一致性,所述第一电池系统和所述第二电池系统不进行并联。
  4. 根据权利要求2所述的方法,其特征在于,根据所述电阻值判断所述第一电池系统与所述第二电池系统之间是否符合电压一致性的步骤包括:
    若所述电阻值小于电阻值阈值,检测所述高压系统直接对所述低压系统充电时的充电电流;
    根据所述充电电流判断所述第一电池系统与所述第二电池系统之间是否符合电压一致性。
  5. 根据权利要求4所述的方法,其特征在于,根据所述充电电流判断所述第一电池系统与所述第二电池系统之间是否符合电压一致性的步骤包括:
    若所述充电电流大于电流阈值,判断所述第一电池系统与所述第二电池系统之间不符合电压一致性,所述第一电池系统和所述第二电池系统不进行并联;
    或者,若所述充电电流小于电流阈值,判断所述第一电池系统与所述第二电池系统之间符合电压一致性。
  6. 根据权利要求1所述的方法,其特征在于,基于所述电压差和所述能量 差,判断所述第一电池系统与所述第二电池系统之间是否符合电压一致性,以的步骤包括:
    若所述电压差小于电压差阈值,判断所述第一电池系统与所述第二电池系统之间符合电压一致性。
  7. 根据权利要求1所述的方法,其特征在于,所述第一电池系统和所述第二电池系统两者中至多有一个为由两个以上的电池系统并联组成的电池系统。
  8. 一种电压一致性检测装置,应用于多支路并联电池系统的第一电池系统和第二电池系统,其特征在于,所述装置包括:
    检测模块,用于检测所述第一电池系统与所述第二电池系统的电压差和能量差;
    确定模块,用于基于所述电压差和所述能量差,判断所述第一电池系统与所述第二电池系统之间是否符合电压一致性,其中,当符合电压一致性,所述第一电池系统和所述第二电池系统进行并联。
  9. 根据权利要求8所述的装置,其特征在于,所述确定模块用于在所述电压差和所述能量差,判断所述第一电池系统与所述第二电池系统之间是否符合电压一致性时,具体用于:
    若所述电压差大于电压差阈值,检测所述第一电池系统和所述第二电池系统 两者中的高压系统通过可变电阻对所述两者中的低压系统以恒定电流值充电时所述可变电阻的电阻值;
    根据所述电阻值判断所述第一电池系统与所述第二电池系统之间是否符合电压一致性。
  10. 根据权利要求9所述的装置,其特征在于,所述确定模块用于在根据所述电阻值判断所述第一电池系统与所述第二电池系统之间是否符合电压一致性时,具体用于:
    若所述电阻值大于电阻值阈值,判断所述第一电池系统与所述第二电池系统之间不符合电压一致性,所述第一电池系统和所述第二电池系统不进行并联。
  11. 根据权利要求9所述的装置,其特征在于,所述确定模块用于在根据所述电阻值判断所述第一电池系统与所述第二电池系统之间是否符合电压一致性时,具体用于:
    若所述电阻值小于电阻值阈值,检测所述高压系统对所述低压系统充电时的充电电流;
    根据所述充电电流判断所述第一电池系统与所述第二电池系统之间是否符合电压一致性。
  12. 根据权利要求11所述的装置,其特征在于,所述确定模块用于在根据 所述充电电流判断所述第一电池系统与所述第二电池系统之间是否符合电压一致性時时,具体用于:
    若所述充电电流大于电流阈值,判断所述第一电池系统与所述第二电池系统之间不符合电压一致性,所述第一电池系统和所述第二电池系统不进行并联;
    或者,若所述充电电流小于电流阈值,判断所述第一电池系统与所述第二电池系统之间符合电压一致性,所述第一电池系统和所述第二电池系统进行并联。
  13. 根据权利要求8所述的装置,其特征在于,所述确定模块用于在基于所述电压差和所述能量差,判断所述第一电池系统与所述第二电池系统之间是否符合电压一致性时,具体用于:
    若所述电压差小于电压差阈值,判断所述第一电池系统与所述第二电池系统之间符合电压一致性。
  14. 根据权利要求8所述的装置,其特征在于,所述第一电池系统和所述第二电池系统两者中至多有一个为由两个以上的电池系统并联组成的电池系统。
  15. 一种电压均衡方法,应用于多支路并联电池系统的第一电池系统和第二电池系统,所述第一电池系统的电压大于所述第二电池系统的电压,其特征在于,包括:
    使所述第一电池系统通过可变电阻以恒定电流值向所述第二电池系统充电, 记为第一充电电路;
    检测所述可变电阻的阻值;
    若所述可变电阻的阻值小于电阻值阈值,断开所述第一充电电路,使所述第一电池系统直接向所述第二电池系统充电,记为第二充电电路,并检测所述第二充电电路的充电电流;
    根据检测到的充电电流判断是否停止充电。
  16. 根据权利要求15所述的方法,其特征在于,根据检测到的充电电流判断是否停止充电的步骤,包括:
    若检测到的充电电流大于电流阈值,继续使第一电池系统通过所述第二充电电路向所述第二电池系统充电;
    或者,若检测到的充电电流小于电流阈值,停止对所述第二电池系统充电。
  17. 根据权利要求15所述的方法,其特征在于,还包括:
    若所述可变电阻的阻值大于所述电阻值阈值,继续使第一电池系统通过所述第一充电电路向第二电池系统充电。
  18. 根据权利要求15所述的方法,其特征在于,所述第一电池系统和所述第二电池系统两者中至多有一个为由两个以上的电池系统并联组成的电池系统。
  19. 一种电池系统间的电压均衡装置,应用于多支路并联电池系统的第一电池系统和第二电池系统,所述第一电池系统的电压大于所述第二电池系统的电压,其特征在于,包括:
    第一充电模块,用于使所述第一电池系统通过可变电阻以恒定电流值向所述第二电池系统充电,记为第一充电电路;
    阻值检测模块,用于检测所述可变电阻的阻值;
    第二充电模块,用于在所述可变电阻的阻值小于电阻值阈值时,断开所述第一充电电路,使所述第一电池系统直接向所述第二电池系统充电,记为第二充电电路,并检测所述第二充电电路的充电电流;
    开关模块,用于根据所述第二充电模块检测到的充电电流判断是否停止充电。
  20. 根据权利要求19所述的装置,其特征在于,所述开关模块在根据检测到的充电电流判断是否停止充电时,具体用于:
    若检测到的充电电流大于电流阈值,继续使第一电池系统通过所述第二充电电路向所述第二电池系统充电;
    或者,若检测到的充电电流小于电流阈值,停止对所述第二电池系统充电。
  21. 根据权利要求19所述的装置,其特征在于,还包括:
    第二开关模块,用于在所述可变电阻的阻值大于所述电阻值阈值时,继续使第一电池系统通过所述第一充电电路向第二电池系统充电。
  22. 根据权利要求19所述的装置,其特征在于,所述第一电池系统和所述第二电池系统两者中至多有一个为由两个以上的电池系统并联组成的电池系统。
  23. 一种电池系统的检测及均衡系统,其特征在于,所述系统包括电压一致性检测装置和电池系统间的电压均衡装置,
    所述电压一致性检测装置为权利要求8至14中的任一种电压一致性检测装置,
    所述电池系统间的电压均衡装置为权利要求19至22中的任一种电池系统间的电压均衡装置。
  24. 一种电池系统的检测及均衡电路,其特征在于,所述电路包括第一开关、第二开关、可变电阻、控制器、电压检测设备、电流检测设备、正极接口、负极接口,所述电压检测设备的两端分别与所述正极接口和所述负极接口相连,所述电流检测设备与所述第二开关串联在所述正极接口和所述负极接口之间,所述第一开关与所述可变电阻组成的串联电路与所述第二开关并联,所述第一开关、所述第二开关、所述可变电阻、所述电压检测设备、所述电流检测设备控制器分别通过低压传输线与所述控制器相连,所述电路中除所述低压传输线外的其他连接 线均为高压传输线。
  25. 根据权利要求24所述的电路,其特征在于,所述可变电阻为程控负载。
PCT/CN2017/093183 2017-01-13 2017-07-17 电压一致性检测方法及装置、电压均衡方法及装置 WO2018129894A1 (zh)

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