WO2018122571A1 - Terminal de communication et procédé d'amorce d'une communication - Google Patents

Terminal de communication et procédé d'amorce d'une communication Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2018122571A1
WO2018122571A1 PCT/IB2016/001995 IB2016001995W WO2018122571A1 WO 2018122571 A1 WO2018122571 A1 WO 2018122571A1 IB 2016001995 W IB2016001995 W IB 2016001995W WO 2018122571 A1 WO2018122571 A1 WO 2018122571A1
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WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
communication
communication terminal
mobile
direct
controller
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PCT/IB2016/001995
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English (en)
Inventor
Biljana Badic
Stefania Sesia
Thomas Luetzenkirchen
Christian Drewes
Markus Dominik MUECK
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Intel IP Corporation
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
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Application filed by Intel IP Corporation filed Critical Intel IP Corporation
Priority to PCT/IB2016/001995 priority Critical patent/WO2018122571A1/fr
Priority to PCT/US2017/039851 priority patent/WO2018125287A1/fr
Publication of WO2018122571A1 publication Critical patent/WO2018122571A1/fr

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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04B—TRANSMISSION
    • H04B7/00—Radio transmission systems, i.e. using radiation field
    • H04B7/02—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W72/00—Local resource management
    • H04W72/02—Selection of wireless resources by user or terminal
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W72/00—Local resource management
    • H04W72/50—Allocation or scheduling criteria for wireless resources
    • H04W72/52—Allocation or scheduling criteria for wireless resources based on load

Definitions

  • Exemplary implementations described herein generally relate to communication terminals and methods for initiating a communication.
  • a cellular mobile communication system may allow direct communication between mobile communication devices which bypasses the cellular mobile communication system's base stations (i.e. device-to-device communication).
  • direct communication may interfere with the regular operation of the mobile communication system, i.e. communication via its base stations or is not possible due to a lack of communication resources, e.g. when the cellular mobile communication system is heavily loaded or communication terminals are out of range of the cellular basis station. Accordingly, approaches are desirable which allow a usage of direct communication in a wide range of scenarios, including unlicensed bands and narrow bandwidth.
  • Figure 1 shows a communication system, e.g. an LTE (Long Term Evolution)
  • LTE Long Term Evolution
  • Figure 2 shows a communication arrangement illustrating D2D (device-to-device)
  • Figure 3 shows a table summarizing the main regulatory requirements.
  • Figure 4 shows a communication arrangement illustrating DNB-U communication.
  • Figure 5 illustrates the functionality of a DNB-U Synch device.
  • Figure 6 shows a communication arrangement
  • Figure 7 shows a communication terminal.
  • Figure 8 shows a flow diagram illustrating a method for initiating a communication.
  • Figure 1 shows a communication system 100, e.g. an LTE (Long Term Evolution) communication system as specified by 3GPP (Third Generation Partnership Project).
  • LTE Long Term Evolution
  • 3GPP Third Generation Partnership Project
  • the communication system 100 includes a radio access network (e.g. an E-UTRAN, Evolved UMTS (Universal Mobile Communications System) Terrestrial Radio Access Network according to LTE) 101 and a core network (e.g. an EPC, Evolved Packet Core, according LTE) 102.
  • the radio access network 101 may include base (transceiver) stations (e.g. eNodeBs, eNBs, according to LTE) 103. Each base station 103 provides radio coverage for one or more mobile radio cells 104 of the radio access network 101.
  • a mobile terminal (also referred to as UE, user equipment, or MS, mobile station) 105 located in one of the mobile radio cells 104 (in this example the leftmost radio cell 104) may communicate with the core network 102 and with other mobile terminals 105 via the base station providing coverage in (in other words operating) the mobile radio cell.
  • Control and user data are transmitted between a base station 103 and a mobile terminal 105 located in the mobile radio cell 104 operated by the base station 103 over the air interface 106 on the basis of a multiple access method.
  • the base stations 103 are interconnected with each other by means of a first interface 107, e.g. an X2 interface.
  • the base stations 103 are also connected by means of a second interface 108, e.g. an SI interface, to the core network, e.g. to an MME (Mobility Management Entity) 109, and a Serving Gateway (S-GW) 110.
  • MME Mobility Management Entity
  • S-GW Serving Gateway
  • the MME 109 is responsible for controlling the mobility of mobile terminals located in the coverage area of E- UTRAN
  • S-GW 110 is responsible for handling the transmission of user data between mobile terminals 105 and core network 102.
  • D2D Device to Device
  • Figure 2 shows a communication arrangement 200 illustrating D2D (device-to- device) communication.
  • first mobile devices (UEs) 201 located in a coverage area 202 of an E-UTRAN are served by a base station 203 and perform uplink (UL) and downlink (DL) communication with the base station 203.
  • D2D device-to-device communication
  • a third mobile device 205 located in the coverage area 202 uses both direct communication with one of the second mobile devices 204 and also communicates with the base station 203.
  • Fourth mobile devices 206 are located outside of the coverage area 202 and use direct communication to communicate with each other.
  • D2D ProSe has been optimized for proximity scenarios targeting a maximum coupling loss of ⁇ 130dB.
  • D2D ProSe is mainly based on LTE radio access technology where the uplink spectrum and the uplink waveform is used for direct communication between the mobile devices such that D2D operates in the operator licensed spectrum.
  • D2D allows direct communication between mobile devices in scenarios where the devices are within the network coverage or outside the network coverage
  • certain specific use cases might not be optimally covered.
  • the D2D feature may not optimally cover cases when the range to be covered is sufficiently large, e.g. 2km.
  • one use case could be when a set of users are skiing in different sectors of a ski resort and would like to communicate either via voice or text messages.
  • Another example could be when users are in a highly dense environment (such as a stadium) and due to high load the network is congested. Users then might still want to communicate in a direct manner. However, in this particular scenario the operator frequency (i.e. the licensed spectrum) might be congested that there are no radio resources for D2D and hence no D2D communication (at least for normal communications - this might not be the case for public safety type of communications) between mobile devices would be possible according to D2D.
  • the operator frequency i.e. the licensed spectrum
  • Typical unlicensed bands which may be used for direct communication are the ISM band, e.g. at 900MHz in US and 800 MHz band in Europe or e.g. 800-900MHZ or 2.4GHz.
  • shared bands such as TVWS (Television White Space) bands, Licensed Shared Access bands (currently defined for 2.3-2.4 GHz but may be applied to other bands as well) and Spectrum Access System bands (currently defined for 3.55-3.7 GHz but may be applied to other bands as well) may be used.
  • Figure 3 shows a table 300 summarizing the main regulatory requirements. It can be seen from table 300 that it is not possible to deploy a wide bandwidth in those frequency bands. The bandwidths span between 250 kHz and 500 kHz. Hence, D2D as typically operated in LTE band is not suitable to operate in the unlicensed spectrum.
  • 3GPP has introduced narrow bandwidth based cellular technologies specifically to serve Internet of Things (IoT)-related use cases.
  • IoT Internet of Things
  • the following cellular technologies recently standardized in 3GPP are meant to operate in licensed spectrum:
  • Cat NB1 and Cat Ml are developed to maximize the coverage level (e.g. thanks to repetitions) for delay tolerant applications.
  • connectivity standards such as WLAN (Wireless Local Area Network) and Bluetooth do not support the range and bandwidth requirements for use cases as the ones above and that cellular standards such as GSM (Global System for Mobile
  • EDGE Enhanced Data Rates for GSM Evolution
  • D2D ProSE is complex and does not support unlicensed bands and has short range (up to 1km)
  • NB-IOT 3GPP precludes the support of voice and does not support unlicensed spectrum
  • LAA Liense Assisted access
  • MuLTEfire do not support direct communication.
  • DNB-U Direct NarrowBand communication in Unlicensed Spectrum
  • the DNB-U is for example a narrowband low-rate data transmission, e.g. with at least 2km range.
  • LTE narrowband PHY physical layer
  • LTE narrowband PHY physical layer
  • Figure 4 shows a communication arrangement 400 illustrating DNB-U
  • first mobile devices (UEs) 401 located in a coverage area 402 of an E-UTRAN are served by a base station 403 and perform uplink (UL) and downlink (DL) communication with the base station 403.
  • a second mobile device 404 which is also located in the coverage area 402, uses direct communication (D2D) in licensed band, i.e. in the band of the E-UTRAN to communicate with a third mobile device 405 located in the coverage area 402 which uses both direct communication with the second mobile devices 404 and also communicates with the base station 403.
  • D2D direct communication
  • Fourth mobile devices 406 are also located within the coverage area 402 and are moved, e.g. due to high load of the E-UTRAN, to unlicensed spectrum (as illustrated by arrow 407) and use DNB-U for communicating with each other.
  • Fifth mobile devices 408 are located outside of the coverage area 402 and use DNB-U to communicate with each other.
  • DNB-U functionality is implemented in a mobile device rendering it capable of enabling a direct communication in unlicensed bands in case of out-of-coverage, in-coverage and partial coverage and/or a highly loaded cellular network.
  • the mobile device e.g. a UE
  • the mobile device may determine to be out-of-coverage based on that its LTE modem does not detect any PLMN (Public Land Mobile Network) during frequency scan, or based on that it detects a radio link failure.
  • PLMN Public Land Mobile Network
  • the mobile device may determine to be out-of-coverage based on that its LTE modem does not detect any PLMN (Public Land Mobile Network) during frequency scan, or based on that it detects a radio link failure.
  • PLMN Public Land Mobile Network
  • the mobile device e.g. UE
  • the mobile device may be in a cellular network coverage area but it cannot access the cellular network. This can happen if
  • SIB1, SIB2 and SIB14 are SIB1, SIB2 and SIB14.
  • the cellular network rejects an RRC (Radio Resource Control) connection request with a specific wait time; or ⁇ the device detects a roaming cellular network but its user has disabled mobile data during roaming
  • RRC Radio Resource Control
  • the mobile device is in a cellular network coverage area but the cellular network is congested.
  • the mobile device can detect this situation based on any of the following:
  • detecting the cell load e.g. the amount of PRBs (Physical Resource Blocks) scheduled to UEs in the cellular network) in a radio cell in which it is located or based on any other condition
  • the detection is not limited to the above and the mobile device may use the various detection approaches in any combination.
  • the mobile device may
  • a mobile device may act as DNB-U Synch device as it is described in the following with reference to figure 5.
  • Figure 5 illustrates the functionality of a DNB-U Synch device 500.
  • the DNB-U Sync device 500 is a mobile device which is responsible for at least delivering discovery signals 502 to allow other devices 501 to synchronize and providing a direct link cell identity (D-ID) 503. How long and on which frequency it sends the discovery signals 502 depends on the used approach and is explained in further below.
  • D-ID direct link cell identity
  • the discovery signals 502 may be used for discovery and for example as well as for time and/or frequency synchronization. Alternatively, the discovery signal 502 are only for discovery of communication tiers and synchronization is done based on subsequently transmitted specific synchronization training sequences.
  • the DNB-U Sync device 500 may also share information 504 about which mobile devices are within his coverage (within some km).
  • the DNB-U Sync device 500 may share this information via multicast communication (open at least within certain groups; the forming of groups of mobile devices is described further below).
  • DNB-U Synch devices In a specific location many mobile devices can temporarily operate as DNB-U Sync devices. As such, many mobile devices may send discovery signals 502 in order to be discoverable by other devices in a specific range (details of which are given further below). In the following, an approach is described for a mobile device to choose which DNB-U Synch device to synchronize to.
  • a set of "groups" may be configured in each mobile device.
  • the groups may be either predefined by the cellular network (e.g. groups corresponding to public security) or they are defined by the users when communication with the cellular network is available (e.g. a communication with a server or cloud), e.g. in order to generate an additional group or introduce additional mobile devices into a specific group a mobile device accesses a cloud or server.
  • Each group is associated with a specific priority and this for example can be changed manually by the mobile device's user up to a certain extent (e.g. public security has always highest priority and cannot be modified).
  • a hierarchy of groups i.e., terminals of a lower hierarchy group may only access their own group (type) while terminals of a higher hierarchy group may access to more groups.
  • priority groups are (in order of descending priority)
  • Priority Group 2 mobile devices with best reception quality (e.g. highest RSRP
  • Private priority group 3 preferred set of devices (from list of contacts, friends)
  • a mobile device only initiates direct communication with another mobile device of a communication group if there is no mobile device of a priority group with a higher priority with which the mobile device is to communicate.
  • a mobile device may define further priority groups and any order of the above mentioned priority groups can be considered (e.g. up to a certain extent). Many private priority groups can be created, and the priority associated to this can be manually changed according to the needs.
  • private groups can correspond to one or more devices which would cover unicast and multicast communications.
  • a reselection may take place if the e.g. a timer associated to the DNB-U Sync device expires, if the DNB-U Sync device does not have any active communication, if it becomes out of coverage (RSRP of the DNB-U synch device is lower than a certain threshold), or if another DNB-U sync device appears that belongs to a higher priority group than the current one.
  • a timer associated to the DNB-U Sync device expires, if the DNB-U Sync device does not have any active communication, if it becomes out of coverage (RSRP of the DNB-U synch device is lower than a certain threshold), or if another DNB-U sync device appears that belongs to a higher priority group than the current one.
  • the mobile device may become discoverable for other mobile devices supporting DNB-U in a certain range and the mobile device may try to discover other mobile devices which might be communicating already.
  • the user can (manually or automatically) activate the possibility to discover other mobile devices or being discoverable.
  • the possibility to discover other devices is activated in the mobile device this means that it allows the overall modem subcomponent or specific part of it to enter into a listening mode which scans periodically a specific frequency range (or a multitude of frequency ranges) in order to detect other mobile devices for DNB-U.
  • the possibility to be discoverable for other mobile device in the mobile device this means that it allows the transmission of specific synchronization sequences and, for example, the DNB-U Synch device shares information about its presence within its network.
  • synchronization signal (middle chunk) is only provided as example and other locations may be used. However, in order to simplify the implementation a specific location may be
  • the DNB-U Sync min set is the minimum set of information the DNB-U Sync device 500 sends in order for other mobile devices to synchronize.
  • the DNB-U Sync min set for example comprises at least a DNBU-Primary Synchronization Sequence, a DNBU- Secondary Synchronization Sequence, and may include other information such as user ID, priority group related information, reference signals and possibly any other broadcast information. Broadcast information may include also additional services the particular device can offer like e.g. printing capability, internet access, or relay functionality.
  • the corresponding configuration may be predefined.
  • DNB-U Discovery Frequencies in the following an approach based on a Primary DNB-U Sync Frequency (F A ) and one or more Secondary DNB-U Sync Frequencies F B , Fc, ... is described.
  • a first possibility is the configuration of a single Secondary DNB-U Sync frequency.
  • a multitude of secondary DNB-U Sync frequencies can be configured.
  • Both the Primary DNB-U Sync frequency and the Secondary DNB-U Sync frequency are frequencies that a mobile device may use in order to transmit/receive synchronization signals to make itself discoverable and to discover the presence of other mobile devices.
  • the mobile device may also use those two (or more) frequencies in different conditions.
  • two exemplary approaches for the discovery of other mobile devices and becoming discoverable are given.
  • the DNB-U Sync device 500 does not send periodic discovery/synchronization signals but stops transmitting if there is not an active communication or if no mobile device enters the proximity of the DNB-U Sync device 500 for a maximum duration (e.g. until a timer expires).
  • the case is considered that when a first mobile device activates DNB- U in a location where no other mobile devices are communicating or sending synchronization signals. After enabling DNB-U, the first mobile device senses the spectrum (listens for the frequency where synchronization signals should be sent, e.g. F A , F B and possibly further frequencies) by applying an equivalent of a Listen Before Talk protocol to detect whether other mobile devices are already transmitting synchronization signals or whether other
  • the mobile device A starts sending the DNB-U Sync min set within a certain DNB-U sync window on frequency F A .
  • the DNB-U sync window may be predefined and less than the Dwell Time (according to respective regulatory requirements) and less than the duty cycle (according to respective regulatory requirements).
  • the design of the synchronization sequence may for example be chosen to achieve at least approximately 2km range in typical use cases.
  • a second mobile device located in the vicinity after sensing the frequency F A can synchronize with the first mobile device which becomes a DNB-U Sync device. After this synchronization procedure the first mobile device and the second mobile device can communicate.
  • the DNB-U Sync device keeps sending the DNB-U Sync min set periodically to allow other mobile devices to synchronize, however in order to free frequency F A for other mobile devices, the first mobile device may use a the secondary frequency F B to keep sending synchronization signals.
  • the first mobile device maintains this for a maximum timing T max after the end of the direct communication which takes place according to a specific frequency hopping pattern whenever it is needed (e.g. in 900MHz frequency band).
  • T ma x elapses the DNB-U Sync device stops sending the DNB-U min set and enters sleep mode.
  • the first mobile device may not be capable to detect the presence of later (synchronization) signals from other mobile devices unless it wakes up periodically to scan the specific frequency where synchronization signals should be sent (FA and F B etc). Several options can be considered.
  • a mobile device wakes up with a certain periodicity and it tries to detect the presence of synchronization signals.
  • the mobile device has a particular architecture such that only specific components of the mobile device are waked up to detect the presence of
  • the mobile device is equipped with a specific wake up receiver which could detect the presence of synchronization signals and in response wake up the mobile device's (regular) receiver.
  • This wake up receiver could e.g. detect the level of energy and the presence of a specific signature characteristic of the synchronization signal design.
  • the wake up receiver would be capable of waking up the mobile device's receiver only when needed and hence it would allow for battery consumption reduction.
  • a mobile device keeps sending periodic discovery (i.e. synchronization) signals by adapting the periodicity to reduce battery consumption if there is not an active communication or if no other mobile device enters the proximity region for a maximum timer.
  • periodic discovery i.e. synchronization
  • a first mobile device if a first mobile device enables DNB-U in a location where there are no other mobile devices it senses the spectrum (e.g. according to a Listen Before Talk procedure). Whenever possible the first mobile device starts the transmission of the DNB-U Sync min set with a certain Sync window and a certain periodicity.
  • the conditions on the parameters needs to be respected as above.
  • a second mobile device When a second mobile device enters the direct communication network (i.e. the area in which the first mobile device transmits the discovery signals), after sensing the direct communication network, it is able to synchronize to the first mobile device (acting as the master device of the direct communication network).
  • each mobile device for example only acts as sync device for a limited amount of time (e.g. until a corresponding timer in the mobile device has expired).
  • Figure 6 shows a communication arrangement 600.
  • the communication arrangement 600 comprises seven mobile devices 601 to 607 (referred to as devices A, B, C, M, N, X and Y).
  • the first mobile device 601 acts as DNB-U Sync device and the mobile devices B, C, X, and Y are synchronized to the DNB-U Sync device A.
  • device B wants to communicate with device C which are within the (direct communication) coverage area of the DNB-U Sync device A.
  • Device B may be aware of the reachability of device C because the DNB-U Sync device A has shared information (in a specific group) about which users are active (e.g. synchronized) within its coverage area 608.
  • device Y may want to communicate with other devices which are not known in the list of the devices synchronized to device A (not in coverage 608 of device A), such as device M and device N.
  • devices which are not known in the list of the devices synchronized to device A (not in coverage 608 of device A), such as device M and device N.
  • device M and device N For example, on radio layer, only mobile devices with unicast direct links are known to the sync device A.
  • Device X and Y are not known to device A as long as they are only listening to multi-cast data sent by device A.
  • a single arrow indicates a multi-cast connection and a double arrow line indicates a unicast connection.
  • any DNB-U device can become a Sync device.
  • communication links may be provided between the mobile devices 601 to 607 using different sync devices.
  • first links 609 are provided using device A as sync device
  • second links 610 are provided using device B as sync device
  • third links 611 are provided using device Y as sync device.
  • a DNB-U Sync device can serve either as the only synchronization source for all mobile devices in its coverage or a multitude of Sync devices can be present.
  • a synchronization timer allows that any communication between, for example, devices B and A and between the devices C and A is completed before devices B and C start their own synchronization procedure according one of the following ways:
  • the DNB-U Sync device A knows the coarse location of other mobile devices (sector based) and informs device B and device C to establish a direct communication. In this case the devices B and C release the synchronization to device A and device B (or C) starts sending DNB-U min set after listening for clean spectrum. 2. Even if the Sync device (Device A) does not have (coarse) positioning information, it asks devices B and C to start a direct communication. In case devices B and C are not in coverage range the synchronization procedure fails and devices B and C are not able to communicate because of out of coverage.
  • the sync DNB-U device A acts as a relay of information and thus extends the coverage if the device to which the information is to be transmitted intended is within the coverage range 608 of device 8. However, this mode of operation leads to an increased power consumption in the sync device A.
  • each device is capable of supporting dual connectivity when it has activated DNB-U.
  • dual connectivity of a mobile device including one connection to a sync device and connection towards another mobile device with which the mobile device wants to communicate is possible.
  • this approach leads to an increased battery consumption in the mobile device.
  • a communication terminal is provided as illustrated in figure 7.
  • Figure 7 shows a communication terminal 700.
  • the communication terminal 700 comprises a transceiver 701 configured to support radio communication with a cellular radio communication network via a first frequency band using a first bandwidth and a controller 702 configured to control the transceiver 701 to (e.g. directly) communicate with another communication terminal via a second frequency band using a second bandwidth, wherein the second frequency band is located in a spectrum which is license free.
  • a communication terminal uses direct communication (in other words direct device-to-device communication, i.e. bypassing a cellular radio network radio access network, e.g. bypassing base stations; in particular, the direct device-to-device communication may be a communication without central resource allocation) in a different frequency band e.g. in the case that communication via a cellular mobile communication network, i.e. via the radio access network of a cellular mobile communication network, is not possible, e.g. due to high load of the radio access network or due to the communication terminal not being in a coverage region of the radio access network.
  • direct communication in other words direct device-to-device communication, i.e. bypassing a cellular radio network radio access network, e.g. bypassing base stations; in particular, the direct device-to-device communication may be a communication without central resource allocation
  • a different frequency band e.g. in the case that communication via a cellular mobile communication network, i.e. via the radio access network of a
  • the direct communication may be entirely proprietary or may be implemented as a variation of any of the below mentioned radio communication technologies and/or standards including but not limited to: a Global System for Mobile Communications (GSM) radio communication technology, a General Packet Radio Service (GPRS) radio communication technology, an Enhanced Data Rates for GSM Evolution (EDGE) radio communication technology, and/or a Third Generation Partnership Project (3GPP) radio communication technology, for example Universal Mobile Telecommunications System (UMTS), Freedom of Multimedia Access (FOMA), 3GPP Long Term Evolution (LTE), 3GPP Long Term Evolution Advanced (LTE Advanced), Code division multiple access 2000 (CDMA2000), Cellular Digital Packet Data (CDPD), Mobitex, Third Generation (3G), Circuit Switched Data (CSD), High-Speed Circuit-Switched Data (HSCSD), Universal Mobile Telecommunications System (Third
  • GSM Global System for Mobile Communications
  • GPRS General Packet Radio Service
  • EDGE Enhanced Data Rates for GSM Evolution
  • 3GPP Third Generation Partnership Project
  • W-CDMA High Speed Packet Access
  • HSPA High- Speed Downlink Packet Access
  • HSDPA High-Speed Uplink Packet Access
  • HSPA+ Universal Mobile Telecommunications System-Time- Division Duplex
  • UMTS-TDD Time Division-Code Division Multiple Access
  • TD-CDMA Time Division-Synchronous Code Division Multiple Access
  • 3rd Generation Partnership Project Release 8 Pre-4th Generation
  • 3GPP Rel. 8 Pre-4G
  • 3GPP Rel. 9 3rd Generation Partnership Project Release 9
  • 3GPP Rel. 10 3rd Generation Partnership Project Release 10) , 3GPP Rel.
  • 3GPP Rel. 12 3rd Generation Partnership Project Release 12
  • 3GPP Rel. 13 3rd Generation Partnership Project Release 13
  • 3GPP Rel. 14 3rd Generation Partnership Project Release 14
  • 3GPP Rel. 15 3rd Generation Partnership Project Release 15
  • 3GPP Rel. 16 3rd Generation Partnership Project Release 16
  • 3GPP Rel. 17 3rd Generation Partnership Project Release 17
  • V2V Vehicle-to-Vehicle
  • V2X Vehicle-to-X
  • DSRC Dedicated Short Range Communications
  • the direct communication mode may be implemented as i) a fully proprietary mode or ii) as a modification of an existing (standardized) RAT, for example by introducing new signaling mechanisms on the MAC layer.
  • the (de)activation of the direct communication may be done by (de)activating the modification (e.g., MAC signaling) when the concerned direct communicatoin transmission starts (ends).
  • the direct communication may be narrowband communication i.e. may be performed in a narrowband (e.g. at 180KHz or 1.4MHz). It may for example be based on on a contention based radio access protocol, e.g. Carrier Sense Multiple Access/Collision Avoidance
  • the communication terminal may further comprise a transmitter configured to transmit a discovery signal to make the presence of the communication terminal detectable by the other communication terminal.
  • the communicatoin terminal may also comprise a receiver configured to receive a discovery signal to detect the presence of the other communication terminal.
  • the components of the communication terminal may for example be implemented by one or more circuits.
  • a “circuit” may be understood as any kind of a logic implementing entity, which may be special purpose circuitry or a processor executing software stored in a memory, firmware, or any combination thereof.
  • a “circuit” may be a hard-wired logic circuit or a programmable logic circuit such as a programmable processor, e.g. a microprocessor.
  • a “circuit” may also be a processor executing software, e.g. any kind of computer program. Any other kind of implementation of the respective functions which will be described in more detail below may also be understood as a "circuit".
  • the communication terminal may for example carry out a method as illustrated in figure 8.
  • Figure 8 shows a flow diagram 800 illustrating a method for initiating a
  • the communication terminal (e.g. directly) communicates, by means of a transceiver supporting radio communication with a cellular radio communication network via a first frequency band using a first bandwidth, with another communication terminal via a second frequency band using a second bandwidth, wherein the second frequency band is located in a spectrum which is license free.
  • Example 1 is a communication terminal as illustrated in figure 7.
  • Example 2 the communciation terminal of Example 1 may optionally include the second bandwidth being equal or smaller than the first bandwidth.
  • Example 3 the communication terminal of any one of Examples 1-2 may optionally include the first frequency band being one of the licensed bands used for GSM,
  • Example 4 the communication terminal of any one of Examples 1-3 may optionally include the controller being configured to control the transceiver to communicate with the other communication terminal by means of a direct communication via the second frequency band using the second bandwidth.
  • Example 5 the communication terminal of any one of Examples 1-4 may optionally include the transceiver being configured to operate the direct communication in a narrowband.
  • Example 6 the communication terminal of any one of Examples 1-5 may optionally include the controller being configured to control the transceiver to directly communicate with the other communication terminal if communication with the cellular radio communication network is not available.
  • Example 7 the communication terminal of any one of Examples 1-6 may optionally include the controller being configured to control the transceiver to directly communicate with the other communication terminal based on at least one of an availability of radio resources for communicating with the cellular mobile communication network, a load of the cellular mobile communication network and whether the communication terminal is in a coverage area of the cellular mobile communication network.
  • the communication terminal of any one of Examples 1-7 may optionally include the controller being configured to control the transceiver to directly communicate with the other communication terminal if a load of the cellular mobile
  • Example 9 the communication terminal of any one of Examples 1-8 may optionally include the controller of the communication terminal being configured to select the other communication terminal from a plurality of other communication terminals.
  • Example 10 the communication terminal of Example 9 may optionally include the controller being configured to select the other communication terminal from a plurality of other communication terminals being in direct-to-direct communication range of the communication terminal.
  • Example 11 the communication terminal of any one of Examples 9-10 may optionally include the controller being configured to group the plurality of other communication terminals and to select the other communication terminal based on priorities associated with the groups.
  • Example 12 the communication terminal of Example 11 may optionally include the controller being configured to select the other communication terminal based on that the other communication terminal of the plurality of other communication terminals has the highest priority among the plurality of other communication terminals.
  • Example 13 the communication terminal of any one of Examples 1-12 may optionally include the controller being configured to initiate the direct communication based on whether a user input indicates a request to initiate direct communication.
  • Example 14 the communication terminal of any one of Examples 1-13 may optionally include a transmitter configured to transmit information about further communication terminals which are in the communication terminal's range for direct communication to the other communication terminal.
  • the communication terminal of any one of Examples 1-14 may optionally include the communication terminal being configured to act as a synchronization device delivering one or more discovery signals to allow one or more further communication terminals to synchronize for direct communication.
  • Example 16 the communication terminal of Example 15 may optionally include the communication terminal being configured to start acting as a synchronization device based on it having a higher priority than a further communication terminal previously acting as synchronization device, based on a period during which a further communication terminal previously acting as synchronization device having exceeded a predetermined length or based on a further communication terminal previously acting as synchronization device having left a range of the direct communication.
  • Example 17 the communication terminal of any one of Examples 15-16 may optionally include the communication terminal being configured to stop acting as a
  • synchronization device based on it having a lower priority than a further communication terminal which has come into a range of direct communication, based on it having acted as synchronization device for a predetermined period or based on having left a range of the direct communication.
  • Example 18 the communication terminal of any one of Examples 15-17 may optionally include the communication terminal being configured to stop transmitting discovery signals or to increase the periodicity of transmitting discovery signals if there being no active direct communication in its direct communication range or a predetermined period has expired during which no further communication terminal has entered its direct communication range.
  • Example 19 the communication terminal of any one of Examples 1-18 may optionally include the communication terminal performing the direct communication by means of acting as synchronization device itself, by means of the other communication terminal acting as synchronization device or by means of a further communication terminal acting as synchronization device.
  • Example 20 is a method for initiating a communication as illustrated in figure 8.
  • Example 21 the method of Example 20 may optionally include the second bandwidth being equal or smaller than the first bandwidth.
  • Example 22 the method of any one of Examples 20-21 may optionally include the first frequency being one of the licensed bands used for GSM, GPRS, UTRA, EUTRA and the communication with the other communication terminal operating in a non-licensed band such as ISM band.
  • the first frequency being one of the licensed bands used for GSM, GPRS, UTRA, EUTRA and the communication with the other communication terminal operating in a non-licensed band such as ISM band.
  • Example 23 the method of any one of Examples 20-22 may optionally include communicating with the other communication terminal by means of a direct communication via the second frequency band using the second bandwidth.
  • Example 24 the method of any one of Examples 20-23 may optionally include operating the direct communication in a narrowband.
  • Example 25 the method of any one of Examples 20-24 may optionally include directly communicating with the other communication terminal if communication with the cellular radio communication network is not available.
  • Example 26 the method of any one of Examples 20-25 may optionally include directly communicating with the other communication terminal based on at least one of an availability of radio resources for communicating with the cellular mobile communication network, a load of the cellular mobile communication network and whether the communication terminal is in a coverage area of the cellular mobile communication network.
  • Example 27 the method of any one of Examples 20-26 may optionally include directly communicating with the other communication terminal if a load of the cellular mobile communication network is above a predetermined threshold.
  • Example 28 the method of any one of Examples 20-27 may optionally include selecting the other communication terminal from a plurality of other communication terminals.
  • Example 29 the method of any one of Examples 20-28 may optionally include selecting the other communication terminal from a plurality of other communication terminals being in direct-to-direct communication range of the communication terminal.
  • Example 30 the method of any one of Examples 28-29 may optionally include grouping the plurality of other communication terminals and selecting the other communication terminal based on priorities associated with the groups.
  • Example 31 the method of Example 30 may optionally include selecting the other communication terminal based on that the other communication terminal of the plurality of other communication terminals has the highest priority among the plurality of other communication terminals.
  • Example 32 the method of any one of Examples 20-31 may optionally include initiating the direct communication based on whether a user input indicates a request to initiate direct communication.
  • Example 33 the method of any one of Examples 20-32 may optionally include transmitting information about further communication terminals which are in the
  • Example 34 the method of any one of Examples 20-33 may optionally include the communication terminal acting as a synchronization device delivering one or more discovery signals to allow one or more further communication terminals to synchronize for direct communication.
  • Example 35 the method of Example 34 may optionally include the
  • Example 36 the method of any one of Examples 34-35 may optionally include the communication terminal stopping acting as a synchronization device based on it having a lower priority than a further communication terminal which has come into a range of direct communication, based on it having acted as synchronization device for a predetermined period or based on having left a range of the direct communication.
  • Example 37 the method of any one of Examples 34-36 may optionally include the communication terminal stopping transmitting discovery signals or increasing the periodicity of transmitting discovery signals if there being no active direct communication in its direct communication range or a predetermined period has expired during which no further communication terminal has entered its direct communication range.
  • Example 38 the method of Example 37 may optionally include performing the direct communication by means of acting as synchronization device itself, by means of the other communication terminal acting as synchronization device or by means of a further communication terminal acting as synchronization device.
  • a mobile communication device comprising a transceiver configured to, in response to communication via a cellular
  • a mobile communication device which i) first has a classical connection (between mobile communication device and cellular network infrastructure) based on a standardized RAT, then ii) it switches to a proprietary device to device mode if communication resources are not available or are limited (wherein the device to device mode fully proprietary or modification of a standardized RAT), then iii) the mobile communication device exchanges data using the device to device connection, then iv) the mobile communication device switches back to the classical connection (to the cellular network infrastructure) once the communication resources become available again.
  • the device to device e.g. proprietary
  • the classical connection can be established in parallel to the classical connection.
  • a mobile communication device in a standalone manner uses an unlicensed band to communicate with other devices based on a narrowband communication and exchanges data with the other device.
  • this mobile communication device is a classical device capable of supporting a connection to a cellular radio network infrastructure based on a standard RAT and supports switching from the standardized RAT to a proprietary RAT depending on resource availability, traffic load, quality of the connections (RSRP for example) and alternatively there is the possibility to support this via a dual connection capability.
  • RSRP quality of the connections
  • a communication terminal (and a corresponding method for initiating a communication) comprising a detector configured to detect whether communication in a first frequency band via a cellular mobile communication network is available and a controller configured to initiate, based on whether communication via the cellular mobile communication network is available, direct communication with another communication terminal in a second frequency band different from the first frequency band.
  • the controller may for example be configured to check whether direct
  • communication with the other communication terminal is allowed and is configured to initiate the direct communication based on whether direct communication with the other
  • the controller is configured to check whether direct communication with the other communication terminal is allowed based on an authorization of the other communication terminal.
  • the detector may be configured to perform an authorization procedure with other communication terminal and initiate direct communication with the other communication terminal if the authorization procedure successfully authorizes the other communication terminal.
  • the controller may be configured to check whether direct communication with the other communication terminal is allowed based on a manufacturer identification of other communication terminal.
  • a mobile communication device capable of communicating at least with other devices in a narrowband manner operating in the unlicensed spectrum
  • the device is also capable of communicate to the network based on a standardized rat.
  • the device is capable of switching to the direct narrowband communication when e,g resources are not available or radio conditions become poor and of sithcing back to the standardized RAT method when e.g. radio conditions are above a certain threshold.
  • the device may be capable of establishing always a dual communications and choose in a dynamic manner the best technology to communicate.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Computer Networks & Wireless Communication (AREA)
  • Signal Processing (AREA)
  • Mobile Radio Communication Systems (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention concerne un terminal de communication comportant un émetteur-récepteur configuré pour prendre en charge une communication radio avec un réseau cellulaire de communication radio via une première bande de fréquences utilisant une première largeur de bande et un contrôleur configuré pour commander l'émetteur-récepteur de façon à communiquer directement avec un autre terminal de communication via une deuxième bande de fréquences utilisant une deuxième largeur de bande, la deuxième bande de fréquences étant située dans un spectre qui est exempt de licence.
PCT/IB2016/001995 2016-12-28 2016-12-28 Terminal de communication et procédé d'amorce d'une communication WO2018122571A1 (fr)

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PCT/IB2016/001995 WO2018122571A1 (fr) 2016-12-28 2016-12-28 Terminal de communication et procédé d'amorce d'une communication
PCT/US2017/039851 WO2018125287A1 (fr) 2016-12-28 2017-06-29 Terminal de communication et procédé d'initiation de communication

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

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PCT/IB2016/001995 WO2018122571A1 (fr) 2016-12-28 2016-12-28 Terminal de communication et procédé d'amorce d'une communication

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US11516803B2 (en) 2018-12-05 2022-11-29 Intel Corporation Methods and devices for device-to-device communications

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US20150327296A1 (en) * 2014-05-08 2015-11-12 Intel IP Corporation Tentative grant for efficient device-to- device communications

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US20150327296A1 (en) * 2014-05-08 2015-11-12 Intel IP Corporation Tentative grant for efficient device-to- device communications

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CHUNG YAO-LIANG: "A round-robin-based resource scheduling method for D2D-enabled cellular networks", 2016 IEEE 6TH INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON CONSUMER ELECTRONICS - BERLIN (ICCE-BERLIN), IEEE, 5 September 2016 (2016-09-05), pages 117 - 118, XP032985557, DOI: 10.1109/ICCE-BERLIN.2016.7684734 *

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US11516803B2 (en) 2018-12-05 2022-11-29 Intel Corporation Methods and devices for device-to-device communications

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