WO2018121533A1 - 散热器及通信产品 - Google Patents

散热器及通信产品 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2018121533A1
WO2018121533A1 PCT/CN2017/118641 CN2017118641W WO2018121533A1 WO 2018121533 A1 WO2018121533 A1 WO 2018121533A1 CN 2017118641 W CN2017118641 W CN 2017118641W WO 2018121533 A1 WO2018121533 A1 WO 2018121533A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
heat sink
heat
passage
substrate
sink according
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/CN2017/118641
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
惠晓卫
洪宇平
陈伟
Original Assignee
华为技术有限公司
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by 华为技术有限公司 filed Critical 华为技术有限公司
Priority to EP17887331.1A priority Critical patent/EP3550947B1/en
Publication of WO2018121533A1 publication Critical patent/WO2018121533A1/zh
Priority to US16/458,711 priority patent/US10820448B2/en
Priority to US17/079,408 priority patent/US11330737B2/en

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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05K—PRINTED CIRCUITS; CASINGS OR CONSTRUCTIONAL DETAILS OF ELECTRIC APPARATUS; MANUFACTURE OF ASSEMBLAGES OF ELECTRICAL COMPONENTS
    • H05K7/00—Constructional details common to different types of electric apparatus
    • H05K7/20—Modifications to facilitate cooling, ventilating, or heating
    • H05K7/2029—Modifications to facilitate cooling, ventilating, or heating using a liquid coolant with phase change in electronic enclosures
    • H05K7/20336—Heat pipes, e.g. wicks or capillary pumps
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05K—PRINTED CIRCUITS; CASINGS OR CONSTRUCTIONAL DETAILS OF ELECTRIC APPARATUS; MANUFACTURE OF ASSEMBLAGES OF ELECTRICAL COMPONENTS
    • H05K7/00—Constructional details common to different types of electric apparatus
    • H05K7/20—Modifications to facilitate cooling, ventilating, or heating
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05K—PRINTED CIRCUITS; CASINGS OR CONSTRUCTIONAL DETAILS OF ELECTRIC APPARATUS; MANUFACTURE OF ASSEMBLAGES OF ELECTRICAL COMPONENTS
    • H05K7/00—Constructional details common to different types of electric apparatus
    • H05K7/20—Modifications to facilitate cooling, ventilating, or heating
    • H05K7/20218—Modifications to facilitate cooling, ventilating, or heating using a liquid coolant without phase change in electronic enclosures
    • H05K7/20281—Thermal management, e.g. liquid flow control
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05K—PRINTED CIRCUITS; CASINGS OR CONSTRUCTIONAL DETAILS OF ELECTRIC APPARATUS; MANUFACTURE OF ASSEMBLAGES OF ELECTRICAL COMPONENTS
    • H05K7/00—Constructional details common to different types of electric apparatus
    • H05K7/20—Modifications to facilitate cooling, ventilating, or heating
    • H05K7/20218—Modifications to facilitate cooling, ventilating, or heating using a liquid coolant without phase change in electronic enclosures
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05K—PRINTED CIRCUITS; CASINGS OR CONSTRUCTIONAL DETAILS OF ELECTRIC APPARATUS; MANUFACTURE OF ASSEMBLAGES OF ELECTRICAL COMPONENTS
    • H05K7/00—Constructional details common to different types of electric apparatus
    • H05K7/20—Modifications to facilitate cooling, ventilating, or heating
    • H05K7/20218—Modifications to facilitate cooling, ventilating, or heating using a liquid coolant without phase change in electronic enclosures
    • H05K7/20263—Heat dissipaters releasing heat from coolant
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05K—PRINTED CIRCUITS; CASINGS OR CONSTRUCTIONAL DETAILS OF ELECTRIC APPARATUS; MANUFACTURE OF ASSEMBLAGES OF ELECTRICAL COMPONENTS
    • H05K7/00—Constructional details common to different types of electric apparatus
    • H05K7/20—Modifications to facilitate cooling, ventilating, or heating
    • H05K7/20218—Modifications to facilitate cooling, ventilating, or heating using a liquid coolant without phase change in electronic enclosures
    • H05K7/20272—Accessories for moving fluid, for expanding fluid, for connecting fluid conduits, for distributing fluid, for removing gas or for preventing leakage, e.g. pumps, tanks or manifolds
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
    • H01L23/00—Details of semiconductor or other solid state devices
    • H01L23/34—Arrangements for cooling, heating, ventilating or temperature compensation ; Temperature sensing arrangements
    • H01L23/42—Fillings or auxiliary members in containers or encapsulations selected or arranged to facilitate heating or cooling
    • H01L23/427—Cooling by change of state, e.g. use of heat pipes

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to the field of communications technologies, and in particular, to a heat sink and a communication product using the same.
  • Wireless modules are widely used in the field of communication technology, and communication products are set to pass wirelessly to achieve signal transmission and reception.
  • the wireless module generates heat during operation, and the wireless module provides heat dissipation through the setting of the heat sink.
  • Existing heat sinks include a substrate and heat dissipating teeth formed on the substrate.
  • the heat consumption of the wireless module is gradually increased, and the height of the heat dissipating teeth needs to be continuously increased under the condition that the heat sink is fixed in length and width.
  • the heat dissipation efficiency of the heat dissipating teeth gradually decreases with the increase of the height, resulting in an increase in the heat dissipation capability of the whole machine and an increase in the weight.
  • Embodiments of the present invention provide a heat sink with high heat dissipation efficiency and a communication product using the heat sink.
  • the present invention provides a heat sink including a substrate and a plurality of teeth, wherein the plurality of teeth are disposed on the substrate to form a heat dissipating fin structure, and each of the teeth includes a relatively disposed root portion and Slightly.
  • the root is connected to the substrate, and the slightly portion is located on a side of the blade away from the substrate.
  • the tooth piece is supported on the surface of the substrate by the combination of the root portion and the substrate, and the two can be perpendicular or have a certain inclination angle.
  • the standard of the inclination angle is to ensure that a slight temperature away from the substrate can be achieved.
  • the working fluid in the tooth changes from a gaseous state to a liquid.
  • a heated zone, a downcomer, and a spacing zone separating the heated zone from the downcomer the heated zone being located between the root and the spacer, the downcomer being located Between the spacer strip and the tip portion, a first channel and a second channel are formed between the heat receiving zone and the down tube; a hydraulic diameter of the pipe in the heat receiving zone is smaller than a critical dimension, so that the The working medium in the heated region is heated to form a gas-liquid plug-like flow, flows to the first passage, and flows into the descending pipe through the first passage; the hydraulic diameter of the descending pipe is greater than or equal to the critical dimension.
  • the pressure of the liquid at the intersection of the second passage and the downcomer is stronger than the pressure of the liquid at the intersection of the second passage and the heated zone, such that liquid in the downcomer flows through the second passage to the Heated area.
  • the hydraulic diameter refers to the ratio of four times the area of the flow cross section to the wet period.
  • the critical dimension refers to the maximum hydraulic diameter of the pipeline in which the working fluid is heated to form a gas-liquid plug flow state in the pipeline, that is, when the hydraulic diameter of the pipeline is larger than the critical dimension, the working medium is heated therein. It is impossible to form a gas-liquid plug flow state. For different working fluids, the required hydraulic diameter of the pipeline is also different.
  • the invention forms a gas receiving zone pipeline and a downcomer pipe in the tooth piece, and the heating zone and the down pipe are separated by a spacing belt, and the first channel second channel is arranged at both ends of the spacing zone, so that the heating zone and the down pipe communicate with each other. Since the substrate is close to the heat source, the working medium in the heated region is heated. At the same time, because the hydraulic diameter of the pipeline in the heated region is smaller than the critical dimension, the working fluid can form a gas-liquid plug flow after being heated, and the bubble pushes the liquid to the top in the middle of the liquid.
  • the first passage, the first passage corresponds to the lateral confluence area at the top of the tooth piece, and the liquid reaching the first passage does not flow downward due to the upward impact of the bubbles in the heated portion, but flows along the first passage to the downcomer.
  • the hydraulic diameter of the downcomer is greater than or equal to the critical dimension.
  • a pressure of a liquid at a junction of the second passage and the downcomer is stronger than a pressure of a liquid at a junction of the second passage and the heated zone, such that liquid in the downcomer flows through the second passage
  • the heated area This forms the working fluid inside the toothed piece, and circulates between the heated zone, the first passage, the descending pipe, the second passage, and the heated zone.
  • the invention limits the pipeline size of the heat receiving zone in the heat sink, that is, the hydraulic diameter of the pipeline in the heat receiving zone is smaller than the critical dimension, so that the working medium in the heated zone is heated to form a gas-liquid plug flow, and at the same time,
  • the size of the downcomer pipe that is, the hydraulic diameter of the downcomer is greater than or equal to the critical dimension, such that a self-circulation is formed inside the fin of the radiator, so that the liquid-liquid plug flow drives more liquid working substances to participate in the change. Heat, therefore, can improve heat dissipation efficiency.
  • the pipeline in the heated zone includes a plurality of longitudinal conduits and a transverse conduit connected between the plurality of longitudinal conduits, the longitudinal conduits from the second passage to the first passage The direction is extended and the transverse line is used to balance the pressure and temperature of the liquid and gas phases.
  • the heated zone includes a plurality of spacers, each of the compartments separating the heated zone to form the longitudinal conduit and the transverse conduit.
  • the spacers may be polygonal (eg, hexagonal, octagonal, etc.) or circular.
  • the plurality of spacers are arranged in two columns, and the two columns of spacers are staggered, that is, in a horizontal direction, a line between one column of the spacer and another column of the two spacers Facing the settings.
  • the two columns of spacers form three paths of the longitudinal tubes.
  • the longitudinal conduit extends in a wavy line.
  • the spacer strip is wavy in shape adjacent to one side of the heated zone, and the spacer strip is linear adjacent to one side of the downcomer.
  • each of the spacers has an elongated shape, and each of the spacers includes two long sides that are linear, and the two long sides are connected by curved edges, and the spacers are arranged.
  • the two longitudinal rows are formed between the two adjacent rows of the spacers, and the lateral conduits are formed between two adjacent spacers in the same column.
  • the spacer is adjacent to one side of the heated zone and the spacer is adjacent to one side of the downcomer.
  • the number of the downcomers is at least two columns, and the adjacent two rows of the downcomers are communicated by a transverse pipe.
  • the first passage is honeycomb-shaped, and the first passage includes at least two criss-crossing conduits.
  • the critical dimension ranges from 0.5 to 20 mm.
  • the choice of critical dimensions is related to the choice of working fluid.
  • the heated zone and the conduit and the conduit of the downcomer in the blade are formed by an extrusion process. In another embodiment, the heated zone and the conduit and the conduit of the downcomer in the blade are formed by an inflation process. Compared with cast teeth, the extrusion process and the inflation process produce thinner and thinner teeth, which is conducive to the development of light and thin communication products.
  • the tooth piece can also form a heat receiving zone pipe and a down pipe by means of machining, welding, or the like.
  • the tooth piece has a flat shape.
  • the tooth piece may be perpendicular or substantially perpendicular to the substrate.
  • the tooth piece includes a curved surface, and a direction in which the curved surface is curved extends between the root portion and the slightly portion, and the tooth piece extends vertically between the top portion and the bottom portion .
  • the tooth piece is a partial cylindrical surface or a semi-cylindrical surface, and the curved surface is designed to increase the windward surface within the same size between the root portion and the slightly portion, thereby improving the heat dissipation capability. Since the tooth piece is usually cooled by air cooling in the product, the air piece is blown through the tooth piece to take away heat, and the temperature is lower than the root part due to being away from the heat source, that is, the temperature is decreasing from the root to the slightly.
  • the curved surface is curved and extends in a rounded arc shape.
  • the smooth curved extension does not affect the communication of the pipelines in the heated zone, and the transverse pipelines in the heated zone may also extend in an arc shape.
  • the vertical duct is still maintained by the constant curved surface of the longitudinal section in the heated zone, since the direction in which the curved surface is curved extends between the root and the tip.
  • the heat sink further includes a connecting piece that is coupled between the slightly adjacent portions of the two of the teeth.
  • the two adjacent teeth are connected together by the arrangement of the connecting pieces, so that the efficiency can be improved during the manufacturing of the teeth and the mounting process between the teeth and the substrate.
  • the connecting piece is provided with a plurality of openings.
  • the opening may be a louver structure, or a notch may be directly disposed on the connecting piece.
  • the setting of the opening not only helps to reduce the quality of the heat sink, but also allows the space between the teeth to communicate with the outside due to the opening, which is beneficial to improving the heat dissipation capability.
  • the number of the teeth is twice the number of the connecting pieces, and a channel is provided between two adjacent teeth, and two adjacent connecting pieces are connected by the channel. isolation. That is to say, the two teeth and one connecting piece together form a U-shaped heat dissipating unit, and the heat sink includes a plurality of heat dissipating units, and the adjacent heat dissipating units are spaced apart from each other.
  • the connecting piece and the adjacent two of the teeth are of the structure.
  • the one-piece construction is simpler in the production process. For example, it is possible to make two separate toothed pipe sections directly on a sheet by an inflation process, and the two separate teeth pass between the pipe sections. The tabs are spaced apart, and then the two teeth and one tab are bent into a U-shaped heat sink unit by a bending process.
  • the heat sink comprises a cover plate
  • the position of the cover plate is the same as the position of the connecting piece, that is, the connecting piece is replaced by the structure of the cover plate, and the connecting piece can be regarded as between the adjacent two pieces of the tooth piece.
  • the strip structure, the cover plate in the embodiment can be regarded as an integral plate-like structure, the cover plate covers the slightly side of all the tooth pieces, and the cover plate and the tooth piece are slightly combined, and the cover plate They can be fixed to each other by welding or riveting, or they can be detachably connected by sliding fit.
  • a card slot is provided on one surface of the cover plate, a slight portion is embedded in the card slot, and is engaged with the card slot to achieve a fit between the cover plate and the tooth plate.
  • the structure of the cover plate is similar to the structure of the substrate. The difference between the two includes that no electronic components are disposed on the cover plate, the cover plate is only used for fixing the tooth pieces, and the heat dissipation is assisted; and the electronic components are disposed on the substrate in addition to the fixed tooth pieces.
  • the cover plate can be placed parallel to the substrate.
  • the root of the tooth piece and the substrate are detachable connection structures.
  • the substrate is provided with a card slot, and the root portion is embedded in the card slot to cooperate with the card slot to achieve fixation between the substrate and the tooth piece.
  • the root of the tooth piece and the substrate are fixedly connected by cold embedding, riveting, welding or glue.
  • the present invention also provides a communication product comprising the above heat sink and a heat generating component, the side of the substrate facing away from the toothed piece being thermally conductively connected to the heat generating component.
  • the heating element can be placed directly on the substrate.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic view of a tooth piece in a heat sink according to an embodiment of the present invention
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic view of a tooth piece in a heat sink according to another embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of a heat dissipating unit formed by two teeth in a heat sink according to an embodiment of the present invention
  • FIG. 4 is a schematic plan view showing one end of the heat dissipation unit shown in FIG. 3;
  • FIG. 5 is a partial schematic view showing a section of the heat radiating unit A-A shown in Figure 4;
  • FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of a heat sink according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • a heat sink according to an embodiment of the present invention includes a substrate 10 and a plurality of teeth 20 , and the plurality of teeth 20 are arranged on the substrate 10 to form a heat dissipation. Fin structure. Specifically, the plurality of teeth 20 are arranged at equal intervals.
  • the substrate 10 is made of a heat conductive material such as a metal plate or a ceramic substrate 10.
  • the substrate 10 includes opposing surfaces, one of which is for contact with a heat generating component within the communication product, and may be disposed between the substrate 10 and the heat generating component by a thermally conductive adhesive or a thermally conductive medium such that thermal contact is made therebetween.
  • the other surface of the substrate 10 is for mounting the plurality of teeth 20.
  • each of the teeth 20 includes an opposite root portion 21 and a slight portion 22, and each of the teeth 20 further includes oppositely disposed and connected to the root portion 21 and the slightly portion 22.
  • the top 23 and bottom 24 are between.
  • the tooth piece 20 has a square shape as a whole, and the root portion 21, the slight portion 22, the top portion 23, and the bottom portion 24 are located at the four sides of the tooth piece 20, respectively.
  • the root portion 21 is connected to the substrate 10.
  • the tooth piece 20 is bonded to the substrate 10 through the root portion 21 and stands on the surface of the substrate 10.
  • the vertical direction of the substrate 10 may be vertical or inclined.
  • the standard is set to ensure that the temperature of the portion 22 away from the substrate 10 is such that the working medium in the blade 20 changes from a gaseous state to a liquid.
  • the tooth piece 20 has a substantially rectangular plate shape, and the root portion 21 and the slight portion 22 are located at the opposite two long sides of the rectangular plate shape, and the top portion 23 and the bottom portion 24 are located at the opposite two short sides of the rectangular plate shape.
  • a heat receiving zone 25, a downcomer pipe 26, and a space zone 27 separating the heat receiving zone 25 and the downcomer pipe 26 are formed in the tooth piece 20, and the area indicated by the broken line frame in FIGS. 1 and 2 is the heat receiving zone 25,
  • the root portion 21 is closest to the heat source, and heat is transferred from the root portion 21 to other portions of the tooth piece 20. Therefore, the working medium in the heat receiving portion 25 is activated by the heat.
  • the heated zone 25 is located between the root 21 and the spacer strip 27, and the downcomer 26 is located between the spacer strip 27 and the tip 22, the heated zone 25 and the downcomer 26
  • a first passage 28 is formed between the spacing zone 27 and the top portion 23, and a second passage 29 is located between the spacing strip 27 and the bottom portion 24
  • the hydraulic diameter of the pipeline in the heated zone 25 is less than a critical dimension such that the working fluid in the heated zone 25 is heated to form a gas-liquid plug flow, flows to the first passage 28, and passes through The first passage 28 flows into the downcomer 26; the hydraulic diameter of the conduit of the downcomer 26 is greater than or equal to the critical dimension, and the pressure of the liquid at the intersection of the second passage 29 and the downcomer 26 is stronger than The pressure of the liquid at the junction of the second passage 29 and the heated zone 25 is such that liquid in the downcomer 26 flows through the second passage 29 to the heated zone 25.
  • the hydraulic diameter refers to the ratio of four times the area of the flow cross section to the wet period.
  • the critical dimension refers to the maximum hydraulic diameter of the pipeline in which the working fluid is heated to form a gas-liquid plug flow state in the pipeline, that is, when the hydraulic diameter of the pipeline is larger than the critical dimension, the working medium is heated therein. It is impossible to form a gas-liquid plug flow state. For different working fluids, the required hydraulic diameter of the pipeline is also different.
  • the present invention forms a first passage 28 and a second portion at both ends of the spacer 27 by forming a pipe and a down pipe 26 of the heat receiving zone 25 in the tooth piece 20, and the heat receiving zone 25 and the down pipe 26 are separated by a spacing belt 27.
  • the channel 29 is such that the heated zone 25 and the downcomer 26 are in communication. Since the substrate 10 is close to the heat source, the working medium in the heated zone 25 is heated. Meanwhile, since the hydraulic diameter of the pipeline in the heated zone 25 is smaller than the critical dimension, the working medium can be heated.
  • the pressure of the liquid at the intersection of the second passage 29 and the downcomer 26 is stronger than the pressure of the liquid at the intersection of the second passage 29 and the heated zone 25, such that the liquid in the downcomer 26 passes through the
  • the second passage 29 flows to the heated zone 25. This forms a circulating flow of the working medium inside the toothed piece 20 between the heated portion 25, the first passage 28, the downcomer 26, the second passage 29, and the heated portion 25.
  • the first passage 28 and the second passage 29 are honeycomb-shaped. Specifically, the first passage 28 and the second passage 29 each include at least two criss-crossing tubes.
  • the conduit in the heated zone 25 includes a plurality of longitudinal conduits extending from the bottom portion 24 to the top portion 23 and a transverse conduit communicating between the longitudinal conduits for balancing the pressure and temperature of the liquid and gas phases, In other words, the longitudinal conduit extends from the second passage 29 in the direction of the first passage 28.
  • the invention also has a circulation of the working medium inside the heated zone 25, and the longitudinal pipelines of the heated zone 25 are connected by a transverse pipeline.
  • the liquid level of the longitudinal pipeline is different, the liquid pipeline having a higher liquid level is in the longitudinal pipeline.
  • the liquid flows through the transverse line to the lower longitudinal line of the liquid level.
  • the pressure and temperature of the liquid and gas phase in the heated zone are balanced.
  • the conduits in the heated zone 25 are honeycomb-shaped, and the heat-receiving zone 25 passes through a plurality of polygons (which may be hexagonal, octagonal, etc.) or a circular pie-shaped spacer.
  • the zone 251 separates the heated zone 25 to form a conduit (the conduits referred to herein refer to the longitudinal passages and the transverse passages), i.e., forming a conduit between two adjacent spacers 251, a small round cake
  • the spacers 251 are arranged in two columns in the vertical direction, and two rows of disc-shaped spacers 251 are alternately arranged, that is, in the horizontal direction, one row of the spacers 251 and the other column of the two spacers 251
  • the pipes in between are facing each other.
  • the two rows of spacers 251 form three longitudinal tubes.
  • the longitudinal line is a rising line
  • the longitudinal line extends in a wavy line
  • the spacing strip 27 is wavy along the side of the heated area 25, and the spacing strip 27 is adjacent to one side of the falling tube 26.
  • Straight the longitudinal line is a rising line
  • the heated zone 25 is separated by a plurality of elongated compartments 252 to form a conduit in the heated zone 25.
  • the elongated spacer 252 includes two long sides that are linear, and the two long sides are connected by curved edges.
  • the elongated spacers 252 are arranged in two columns in the vertical direction, and a transverse conduit is formed between the adjacent two spacers 252 in the same column.
  • the longitudinal conduit extends in a straight line.
  • the shape of the spacer strip 27 is also elongated, and the spacer strip 27 is similar in shape to the spacer 252.
  • the spacer 27 is adjacent to one side of the heated zone 25 and the spacer 27 is linearly adjacent to one side of the downcomer 26.
  • the number of the descending tubes 26 is at least one column. In one embodiment, as shown in FIG. 1, the number of the descending tubes 26 is two or more columns, and the adjacent descending tubes 26 are communicated through the transverse tubes.
  • the critical dimension ranges from 0.5 to 20 mm.
  • the choice of critical dimensions is related to the choice of working fluid.
  • the heated zone 25 and the conduits of the tubing and the downcomer 26 in the blade 20 are formed by an extrusion process.
  • the heated zone 25 and the tubing of the tubing 20 and the downcomer 26 are formed by an inflation process.
  • the tooth piece 20 manufactured by the extrusion process and the inflation process is lighter and thinner, which is advantageous for the development of light and thin communication products.
  • the tooth piece 20 has a flat shape.
  • the tooth piece 20 is perpendicular or substantially perpendicular to the substrate 10.
  • the tooth piece 20 may be a non-flat plate structure, and the tooth piece 20 includes a curved surface, and specifically, a direction in which the curved surface is curved extends between the root portion 21 and the slightly portion 22
  • the tooth piece 20 extends vertically between the top portion 23 and the bottom portion 24.
  • the tooth piece 20 is a partial cylindrical surface or a semi-cylindrical surface, and the curved surface is designed to facilitate the increase of the windward surface within the size between the same root portion 21 and the slightly portion 22, thereby improving the heat dissipation capability. Since the toothed piece 20 is usually cooled by air cooling in the product, the air is blown through the toothed piece 20 by the airflow, and the heat is removed. The temperature of the portion 22 is lower than the root portion 21 due to being away from the heat source, that is, the temperature is decreasing from the root portion 21 to the slightly portion 22. distributed.
  • the curved surface is curved and extends in a rounded arc shape.
  • the smooth arcuate extension does not affect the communication of the tubes in the heated zone 25, and the transverse conduits in the heated zone 25 may also extend in an arc.
  • the vertical duct shape is still maintained by the constant curved surface of the longitudinal duct in the heated zone 25, since the direction in which the curved surface is curved extends between the root 21 and the tip 22.
  • the heat sink further includes a connecting piece 30 that is coupled between the adjacent portions 22 of the two adjacent teeth 20.
  • the two adjacent teeth 20 are joined together by the arrangement of the connecting piece 30, so that the efficiency can be improved during the mounting of the tooth piece 20 and the mounting between the tooth piece 20 and the substrate 10.
  • the connecting piece 30 is provided with a plurality of openings 31.
  • the opening 31 may be in the form of a louver, or a notch may be directly provided on the connecting piece 30.
  • the arrangement of the opening 31 not only helps to reduce the quality of the heat sink, but also allows the space between the teeth 20 to communicate with the outside due to the opening 31. Helps improve heat dissipation.
  • the number of the teeth 20 is twice the number of the connecting pieces 30.
  • a channel is provided between two adjacent teeth 20, and two adjacent connecting pieces 30 are isolated by the passage. That is to say, the two teeth 20 and one connecting piece 30 together form a U-shaped heat dissipating unit, and the heat sink includes a plurality of heat dissipating units, and the adjacent heat dissipating units are spaced apart by the passage.
  • the pipelines of the teeth 20 in the heat dissipation unit are formed on the inner side, that is, each of the teeth 20 includes two sides, one side is provided with a pipeline, and the other side is provided with a pipe.
  • a pipe is provided on the opposite surface of the tooth piece 20 and the tooth piece 20, and the other side of the tooth piece 20 is a flat surface.
  • connection piece 30 and the adjacent two of the tooth pieces 20 have the structure of the body.
  • the one-piece structure is simpler in the manufacturing process.
  • the pipe section of two separate tooth pieces 20 can be produced directly on a sheet by an inflation process, and the pipe sections of the two independent tooth pieces 20 are
  • the two teeth 20 and one of the connecting pieces 30 are bent into a U-shaped heat radiating unit by being spaced apart by the connecting piece 30 and then by a bending process.
  • the connecting piece 30 and the adjacent two tooth pieces 20 may also be of a separate structure, and the connecting piece 30 is mounted to the tooth piece by a structural fit (for example, by welding, gluing, screwing, etc.). 20, the connection of the connecting piece 30 to the tooth piece 20 can ensure the structural stability of the tooth piece 20.
  • the heat sink comprises a cover plate, and the position of the cover plate is the same as the position of the connecting piece 30, that is, the connecting piece 30 is replaced by the structure of the cover plate, and the connecting piece 30 can be regarded as two adjacent teeth.
  • the strip structure in the present embodiment can be regarded as an integral plate-like structure, and the cover plate covers one side of the slight portion 22 of all the tooth pieces 20, and the cover plate and the tooth piece 20 are slightly The parts 22 are combined, and the two can be fixed to each other by welding or riveting, or can be detachably connected by sliding fit.
  • a card slot is provided on one surface of the cover plate, the tip portion 22 is embedded in the card slot, and is engaged with the card slot to achieve a fit between the cover plate and the blade 20.
  • the structure of the cover plate is similar to the structure of the substrate 10.
  • the difference between the two includes that no electronic components are disposed on the cover plate, the cover plate is only used for fixing the tooth pieces, and auxiliary heat dissipation is provided; on the substrate 10, in addition to the fixed tooth pieces 20, electronic components are also disposed.
  • the substrate 10 may be a circuit board on which an electronic component and a connector interface are disposed, and the heat generating component is disposed on a side of the substrate 10 facing away from the blade 20.
  • the cover plate may be disposed parallel to the substrate 10.
  • the root portion 21 of the tooth piece 20 and the substrate 10 are detachably connected.
  • the substrate 10 is provided with a card slot, and the root portion 21 is embedded in the card slot to cooperate with the card slot to achieve fixation between the substrate 10 and the tooth piece 20.
  • root portion 21 of the tooth piece 20 and the substrate 10 are fixedly connected by welding or adhesive.
  • the present invention also provides a communication product comprising the above-described heat sink and heat generating component, the side of the substrate 10 facing away from the toothed piece 20 being thermally conductively coupled to the heat generating component.
  • the heat generating component and the substrate 10 may be bonded together by a heat conductive medium, or may be in direct contact, and the heat generating component is positioned on the substrate 10 at a position intermediate the top 23 and the bottom 24 of the blade 20.
  • the invention limits the pipeline size of the heat receiving zone in the heat sink, that is, the hydraulic diameter of the pipeline in the heat receiving zone is smaller than the critical dimension, so that the working medium in the heated zone is heated to form a gas-liquid plug flow, and at the same time,
  • the size of the downcomer pipe that is, the hydraulic diameter of the downcomer is greater than or equal to the critical dimension, such that a self-circulation is formed inside the fin of the radiator, so that the liquid-liquid plug flow drives more liquid working substances to participate in the change.
  • Heat therefore, can improve the heat dissipation efficiency, avoiding the liquid working medium staying at the bottom of the radiator and not participating in heat exchange.
  • the heat sink provided by the present invention can achieve the same heat dissipation amount only by requiring a smaller size and volume than the prior art heat sink.

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Abstract

本发明涉及一种散热器，包括基板和多个齿片，齿片的根部连接至基板，齿片内形成受热区、下降管以及二者之间的间隔带，受热区和下降管之间形成第一通道和第二通道，第一通道和第二通道位于受热区和下降管之间。受热区中的管路的水力直径小于临界尺寸，以使得受热区内的工质受热形成气液塞状流，通过第一通道流入下降管。下降管的管路的水力直径大于或等于所述临界尺寸，第二通道与下降管交汇处的液体的压强大于第二通道与受热区交汇处的液体的压强，使得下降管中的液体通过第二通道流向受热区。本发明之散热器具有散热效率高的优势。本发明还提供一种通信产品。

Description

散热器及通信产品 技术领域
本发明涉及通信技术领域，特别涉及一种散热器及应用所述散热器的通信产品。
背景技术
无线模块广泛应用在通信技术领域，通信产品设置无线通过，以实现信号的发射和接收。无线模块工作过程中发热，通过散热器的设置为无线模块提供散热。现有的散热器包括基板和形成在基板上的散热齿。无线模块的热耗逐步增大，散热器在长宽固定的条件下，散热齿的高度需不断增高。但散热齿的散热效率随着高度的增加逐步降低，导致整机散热能力增加和重量的增加不匹配。
因此，散热效率高的散热器是后续研究重点。
发明内容
本发明实施例提供一种散热效率高的散热器和使用所述散热器的通信产品。
第一方面，本发明提供一种散热器，包括基板和多个齿片，所述多个齿片设于所述基板上形成散热翅片结构，各所述齿片均包括相对设置的根部和稍部。所述根部连接至所述基板，所述稍部位于所述齿片之远离所述基板的一边。具体而言，齿片通过根部与基板的结合，立在基板的表面上，二者之间可以垂直也可以有一定的倾角，倾角的设置的标准为要保证远离基板的稍部温度达到可以使得齿片内的工质由气态变成液体。所述齿片内形成受热区、下降管以及将所述受热区和所述下降管隔开的间隔带，所述受热区位于所述根部和所述间隔带之间，所述下降管位于所述间隔带和所述稍部之间，所述受热区和所述下降管之间形成第一通道和第二通道；所述受热区中的管路的水力直径小于临界尺寸，以使得所述受热区内的工质受热形成气液塞状流，流向所述第一通道，并通过所述第一通道流入所述下降管；所述下降管的水力直径大于或等于所述临界尺寸，所述第二通道与所述下降管交汇处的液体的压强大于所述第二通道与所述受热区交汇处的液体的压强，使得所述下降管中的液体通过所述第二通道流向所述受热区。
水力直径(hydraulic diameter)指的是过流断面面积的四倍与湿周之比。所述临界尺寸指的是工质受热在管路中可以形成气液塞状流状态的管路最大的水力直径，也就是说，当管路的水力直径大于临界尺寸时，工质受热在其中就不能形成气液塞状流状态。对于不同的工质，要求的管路的水力直径也是不同的。
本发明通过在齿片内形成受气区管路和下降管，且受热区和下降管之间通过间隔带隔离，在间隔带的两端设置第一通道第二通道，使得受热区和下降管相通，由于基板接近热源，受热区内的工质受热，同时，因为受热区中的管路的水力直径小于临界尺寸，工质受热后能够形成气液塞状流，气泡在液体中间推动液体流向顶部的第一通道，第一通道相当于齿片顶部的横向汇流区，由于受热区中的气泡向上冲击使得达到第一通道的液体不会向下流动，而是沿着第一通道流向下降管。下降管的水力直径大于或等于临界尺寸。所述第二通道与所述下降管交汇处的液体的压强大于所述第二通道与所述受热区交汇处的液体的 压强，使得所述下降管中的液体通过所述第二通道流向所述受热区。这样就形成了齿片内部的工质，在受热区、第一通道、下降管、第二通道、受热区之间的循环流动。
本发明通过对所述散热器中的受热区的管路尺寸的限制，即受热区中的管路的水力直径小于临界尺寸，使得受热区内的工质受热形成气液塞状流，同时，通过对下降管管路尺寸的限制，即下降管的水力直径大于或等于所述临界尺寸，这样在散热器齿片内部形成自循环，使得气液塞状流带动更多的液态工质参与换热，因此，可以提升散热效率。
一种实施方式中，受热区中的管路包括多路纵向管路及连通在多路纵向管路之间的横向管路，所述纵向管路从所述第二通道向所述第一通道的方向延伸，横向管路用于进行液体和气相的压力和温度的平衡。
一种实施方式中，所述受热区包括多个间隔区，各所述间隔区将所述受热区分隔形成所述纵向管路和所述横向管路。间隔区可以呈多边形(例如六边形、八边形等)或圆形。
一种实施方式中，所述多个间隔区排列呈两列，且所述两列间隔区交错设置，即在水平方向上，其中一列的间隔区与另一列两个间隔区之间的管路正对设置。所述两列间隔区形成三路所述纵向管路。
一种实施方式中，所述纵向管路呈波浪线状延伸。
一种实施方式中，所述间隔带邻近所述受热区的一边呈波浪线状，所述间隔带邻近所述下降管的一边呈直线状。
一种实施方式中，各所述间隔区呈长条状，各所述间隔区包括两条呈直线状的长边，所述两条长边之间通过弧形边连接，所述间隔区排列呈两列，相邻两列所述间隔区之间形成所述纵向管路，同一列中相邻的两个所述间隔区之间形成所述横向管路。
一种实施方式中，所述间隔带邻近所述受热区的一边和所述间隔带邻近所述下降管的一边均呈直线状。
一种实施方式中，所述下降管的数量为至少两列，相邻的两列所述下降管之间通过横向管路相通。
一种实施方式中，所述第一通道呈蜂窝状，且所述第一通道包括至少两个纵横交错的管路。
一种实施方式中，所述临界尺寸范围为：0.5-20mm。临界尺寸的选择与工质的选择有关联。
一种实施方式中，所述齿片中的所述受热区和管路和所述下降管的管路是通过挤型工艺成型的。另一种实施方式中，所述齿片中的所述受热区和管路和所述下降管的管路是通过吹胀工艺成型的。相比铸造的齿片，挤型工艺和吹胀工艺制造的齿片更轻薄，有利于通信产品轻薄化的发展。齿片也可以通过机加、焊接等方式形成受热区管路和下降管。
结合上述实施方式，所述齿片呈平板状。所述齿片与所述基板可以垂直或基本垂直。
结合上述实施方式，所述齿片包括弯曲面，所述弯曲面弯曲的方向在所述根部和所述稍部之间延伸，在所述顶部和所述底部之间所述齿片竖直延伸。一种实施方式中，齿片为部分圆柱面或半圆柱面，弯曲面的设计有利于在同样的根部和稍部之间的尺寸内，增大迎风面，从而提升散热能力。由于齿片在产品中通常通过风冷散热，通过气流吹过齿片，带走热量，稍部由于远离热源，温度比根部低，即从根部至稍部，温度呈递减分布。
其中，所述弯曲面弯曲延伸呈圆滑弧面状。圆滑的弧形的延伸不影响受热区内管路的彼此联通，受热区内的横向管路也可以呈弧形延伸。受热区内的纵向管路不变弯曲面的影响，仍然保持竖直管状，因为弯曲面弯曲的方向在所述根部和所述稍部之间延伸。
结合上述实施方式，散热器还包括连接片，所述连接片连接在相邻的两个所述齿片的稍部之间。通过连接片的设置将相邻的两个齿片连接在一起，这样在齿片制作及齿片与基板之间安装过程中，都能够提升效率。
进一步而言，所述连接片设有多个开孔。开孔可以呈百叶窗的结构，也可以直接在连接片上设置缺口，开孔的设置不但利于降低散热器的质量，还因开孔使得齿片之间的空间与外界连通，有利于提升散热能力。
结合上述实施方式，所述齿片的数量是所述连接片的数量的二倍，相邻的两个所述齿片之间设有通道，相邻的两个所述连接片被所述通道隔离。也就是说，两个齿片和一个连接片共同组成一个U形散热单元，散热器包括多个散热单元，相邻的散热单元之间保持间隔。
所述连接片与相邻的两个所述齿片这一体式的结构。一体式的结构，在制作过程中更简便，例如，可以直接在一块板材上通过吹胀工艺制作两个独立的齿片的管路区，这两个独立的齿片的管路区之间通过连接片间隔，然后再通过折弯工艺，将两个齿片和一个连接片弯折成一个U形散热单元。
另一种实施方式中，散热器包括盖板，盖板的位置与上述连接片的位置相同，即将连接片替换为盖板的结构，连接片可视为相邻的两个齿片之间的条状结构，本实施方式中的盖板，可视为一个整体的板状结构，盖板覆盖在所有的齿片的稍部的一侧，盖板与齿片的稍部结合，二者之间可以通过焊接、铆接的方式相互固定，也可以为滑动配合的可拆卸式连接方式。例如，在盖板的一个表面上设置卡槽，将稍部嵌入卡槽中，且与卡槽配合，以实现盖板与齿片之间的配合。盖板的结构与基板的结构类似，二者之区别包括盖板上不设置电子元件，盖板只用于固定齿片，且辅助散热；基板上除了固定齿片，还设置电子元件。盖板可以平行于基板设置。
一种实施方式中，所述齿片的所述根部与所述基板之间为可拆卸的连接结构。举例而言，所述基板上设有卡槽，所述根部嵌入所述卡槽内，与所述卡槽配合，以实现所述基板和所述齿片之间的固定。
另一种实施方式中，所述齿片的所述根部与所述基板之间通过冷嵌、铆接、焊接或粘胶的方式固定连接。
第二方面，本发明还提供一种通信产品，包括上述散热器和发热元件，所述散热器之所述基板之背离所述齿片的一侧与所述发热元件热传导连接。发热元件可以直接设置在基板上。
附图说明
图1是本发明一种实施例提供的散热器中的齿片的示意图；
图2是本发明另一种实施例提供的散热器中的齿片的示意图；
图3是本发明一种实施例提供的散热器中的两个齿片形成的散热单元的示意图；
图4是图3所示的散热单元的一端的平面示意图；
图5是图4所示的散热单元A-A方向的截面的局部示意图；
图6是本发明一种实施方式提供的散热器的示意图。
具体实施方式
下面结合附图，对本发明的实施例进行描述。
请参阅图1、图2和图6，本发明一种实施例中的散热器包括基板10和多个齿片20，所述多个齿片20彼此间隔排列设于所述基板10上形成散热翅片结构。具体而言，多个齿片20等距离间隔排布。基板10为导热材料制成，例如金属板或陶瓷基板10。基板10包括相对的两个表面，其中一个表面用于与通信产品内的发热元件接触，可以通过导热胶或导热介质设置在基板10和发热元件之间，使得二者之间导热性接触。基板10的另一表面用于安装所述多个齿片20。
请参阅图1和图2，各所述齿片20均包括相对设置的根部21和稍部22，各所述齿片20还包括相对设置且连接在所述根部21和所述稍部22之间的顶部23和底部24。具体而言，齿片20整体呈方形，根部21、稍部22、顶部23和底部24分别位于齿片20的四边处。所述根部21连接至所述基板10，具体而言，齿片20通过根部21与基板10的结合，立在基板10的表面上，二者之间可以垂直也可以有一定的倾角，倾角的设置的标准为要保证远离基板10的稍部22温度达到可以使得齿片20内的工质由气态变成液体。具体而言，齿片20大致呈长方形板状，根部21和稍部22位于长方形板状的相对的两条长边处，顶部23和底部24位于长方形板状的相对的两条短边处。
齿片20内形成受热区25、下降管26以及将所述受热区25和所述下降管26隔开的间隔带27，图1和图2中虚线框内所表示的区域为受热区25，具体使用环境下，根部21距离热源最近，热量从根部21传递至齿片20其它的部分，因此，受热区25中的工质受热先启动工作。所述受热区25位于所述根部21和所述间隔带27之间，所述下降管26位于所述间隔带27和所述稍部22之间，所述受热区25和所述下降管26之间形成第一通道28和第二通道29，所述第一通道28位于所述间隔带27和所述顶部23之间，所述第二通道29位于所述间隔带27和所述底部24之间；所述受热区25中的管路的水力直径小于临界尺寸，以使得所述受热区25内的工质受热形成气液塞状流，流向所述第一通道28，并通过所述第一通道28流入所述下降管26；所述下降管26的管路的水力直径大于或等于所述临界尺寸，所述第二通道29与所述下降管26交汇处的液体的压强大于所述第二通道29与所述受热区25交汇处的液体的压强，使得所述下降管26中的液体通过所述第二通道29流向所述受热区25。水力直径(hydraulic diameter)指的是过流断面面积的四倍与湿周之比。所述临界尺寸指的是工质受热在管路中可以形成气液塞状流状态的管路最大的水力直径，也就是说，当管路的水力直径大于临界尺寸时，工质受热在其中就不能形成气液塞状流状态。对于不同的工质，要求的管路的水力直径也是不同的。
本发明通过在齿片20内形成受热区25的管路和下降管26，且受热区25和下降管26之间通过间隔带27隔离，在间隔带27的两端设置第一通道28第二通道29，使得受热区25和下降管26相通，由于基板10接近热源，受热区25内的工质受热，同时，因为受热 区25中的管路的水力直径小于临界尺寸，工质受热后能够形成气液塞状流，气泡在液体中间推动液体流向顶部23的第一通道28，第一通道28相当于齿片20顶部23的横向汇流区，由于受热区25中的气泡向上冲击使得达到第一通道28的液体不会向下流动，而是沿着第一通道28流向下降管26。如图1和图2所示的实施例中，间隔带27和顶部23之间形成三个并排设置的第一通道28。同样，在间隔带27和底部24之间形成三个并排设置的第二通道29。所述第二通道29与所述下降管26交汇处的液体的压强大于所述第二通道29与所述受热区25交汇处的液体的压强，使得所述下降管26中的液体通过所述第二通道29流向所述受热区25。这样就形成了齿片20内部的工质在受热区25、第一通道28、下降管26、第二通道29、受热区25之间的循环流动。
第一通道28和第二通道29呈蜂窝状，具体而言，第一通道28和第二通道29均包括至少两个纵横交错的管路。受热区25中的管路包括多路从底部24延伸至顶部23的纵向管路及连通在纵向管路之间的横向管路，横向管路用于进行液体和气相的压力和温度的平衡，换言之，纵向管路从第二通道29向第一通道28的方向延伸。
本发明在受热区25内部也有工质的循环，受热区25的纵向管路之间有横向管路连通，纵向管路的液面高度不同的情况下，液面较高的纵向管路中的液体通过横向管路流向液面较低的纵向管路中。以使得受热区内的液体和气相的压力和温度达到平衡。
图1所示的实施例中，受热区25内的管路呈蜂窝状，受热区25中通过多个多边形(可以为六边形、八边形等)或圆形的小圆饼状的间隔区251将受热区25分隔形成管路(这里所述的管路指的是所述纵向通道和所述横向通道)，即在两个相邻的间隔区251之间形成管路，小圆饼状的间隔区251在竖直方向上排列呈两列，且两列小圆饼状的间隔区251交错设置，即在水平方向上，其中一列的间隔区251与另一列两个间隔区251之间的管路正对设置。两列间隔区251形成三路纵向管路。图1所示的实施例中，纵向管路为上升管路，纵向管路呈波浪线状延伸，间隔带27邻近受热区25的一边呈波浪线状，间隔带27邻近下降管26的一边呈直线状。
图2所示的实施例中，受热区25中通过多个呈长条状的间隔区252将受热区25分隔形成管路。长条状的间隔区252包括两条呈直线状的长边，两条长边之间通过弧形边连接。长条状的间隔区252在竖直方向上排列呈两列，同一列中，相邻的两个间隔区252之间形成横向管路。图2所示的实施例中，纵向管路呈直线管路延伸。间隔带27的形状亦呈长条状，间隔带27与间隔区252的形状相似。间隔带27邻近受热区25的一边及间隔带27邻近下降管26的一边均呈直线状。
所述下降管26的数量为至少一列，一种实施方式中，如图1所示，下降管26的数量为两列或两列以上，相邻的下降管26之间通过横向管路相通。
一种实施方式中，所述临界尺寸范围为：0.5-20mm。临界尺寸的选择与工质的选择有关联。
一种实施方式中，所述齿片20中的所述受热区25和管路和所述下降管26的管路是通过挤型工艺成型的。另一种实施方式中，所述齿片20中的所述受热区25和管路和所述下降管26的管路是通过吹胀工艺成型的。相比铸造的齿片20，挤型工艺和吹胀工艺制造的齿片20更轻薄，有利于通信产品轻薄化的发展。
结合上述实施方式，所述齿片20呈平板状。所述齿片20与所述基板10垂直或基本垂直。
另一实施方式中，齿片20可以为非平板状结构，所述齿片20包括弯曲面，具体而言，所述弯曲面弯曲的方向在所述根部21和所述稍部22之间延伸，在所述顶部23和所述底部24之间所述齿片20竖直延伸。一种实施方式中，齿片20为部分圆柱面或半圆柱面，弯曲面的设计有利于在同样的根部21和稍部22之间的尺寸内，增大迎风面，从而提升散热能力。由于齿片20在产品中通常通过风冷散热，通过气流吹过齿片20，带走热量，稍部22由于远离热源，温度比根部21低，即从根部21至稍部22，温度呈递减分布。
所述弯曲面弯曲延伸呈圆滑弧面状。圆滑的弧形的延伸不影响受热区25内管路的彼此联通，受热区25内的横向管路也可以呈弧形延伸。受热区25内的纵向管路不变弯曲面的影响，仍然保持竖直管状，因为弯曲面弯曲的方向在所述根部21和所述稍部22之间延伸。
如图3、图4和图5所示，结合上述实施方式，散热器还包括连接片30，所述连接片30连接在相邻的两个所述齿片20的稍部22之间。通过连接片30的设置将相邻的两个齿片20连接在一起，这样在齿片20制作及齿片20与基板10之间安装过程中，都能够提升效率。
进一步而言，所述连接片30设有多个开孔31。开孔31可以呈百叶窗的结构，也可以直接在连接片30上设置缺口，开孔31的设置不但利于降低散热器的质量，还因开孔31使得齿片20之间的空间与外界连通，有利于提升散热能力。
结合上述实施方式，所述齿片20的数量是所述连接片30的数量的二倍。相邻的两个齿片20之间设有通道，相邻的两个所述连接片30被所述通道隔离。也就是说，两个齿片20和一个连接片30共同组成一个U形散热单元，散热器包括多个散热单元，相邻的散热单元之间通过所述通道保持间隔。
如图3至图6所示，一种实施方式中，散热单元中的齿片20的管路形成在内侧，也就是说，每个齿片20都包括两面，一面设有管路，另一面为平面，在每一个散热单元中，齿片20和齿片20相对的面上设有管路，齿片20的另一面为平面。这样的设计使得散热器的管路隐藏在一对齿片20、连接片30及基板10形成的空间内侧，使得散热器的外表平整。
所述连接片30与相邻的两个所述齿片20这一体式的结构。一体式的结构，在制作过程中更简便，例如，可以直接在一块板材上通过吹胀工艺制作两个独立的齿片20的管路区，这两个独立的齿片20的管路区之间通过连接片30间隔，然后再通过折弯工艺，将两个齿片20和一个连接片30弯折成一个U形散热单元。
连接片30和相邻的两个齿片20之间也可以为分离式的结构，通过结构上的配合(例如可以通过焊接、胶接、螺丝固定等连接方式)将连接片30安装至齿片20，连接片30连接在齿片20能够保障齿片20的结构稳定性。
另一种实施方式中，散热器包括盖板，盖板的位置与上述连接片30的位置相同，即将连接片30替换为盖板的结构，连接片30可视为相邻的两个齿片之间的条状结构，本实施方式中的盖板，可视为一个整体的板状结构，盖板覆盖在所有的齿片20的稍部22的一侧，盖板与齿片20的稍部22结合，二者之间可以通过焊接、铆接的方式相互固定，也可以为滑动配合的可拆卸式连接方式。例如，在盖板的一个表面上设置卡槽，将稍部22嵌入卡槽 中，且与卡槽配合，以实现盖板与齿片20之间的配合。盖板的结构与基板10的结构类似，二者之区别包括盖板上不设置电子元件，盖板只用于固定齿片，且辅助散热；基板10上除了固定齿片20，还设置电子元件，也就是说，基板10可以为电路板，其上设有电子元件及连接器接口，发热元件设置在基板10背离齿片20的一侧。盖板可以平行于基板10设置。
一种实施方式中，所述齿片20的所述根部21与所述基板10之间为可拆卸的连接结构。举例而言，所述基板10上设有卡槽，所述根部21嵌入所述卡槽内，与所述卡槽配合，以实现所述基板10和所述齿片20之间的固定。
另一种实施方式中，所述齿片20的所述根部21与所述基板10之间通过焊接或粘胶的方式固定连接。
本发明还提供一种通信产品，包括上述散热器和发热元件，所述散热器之所述基板10之背离所述齿片20的一侧与所述发热元件热传导连接。发热元件与基板10之间可以通过导热介质贴合，也可以直接接触，发热元件位于基板10的上的位置正对齿片20的顶部23和底部24中间的区域。
本发明通过对所述散热器中的受热区的管路尺寸的限制，即受热区中的管路的水力直径小于临界尺寸，使得受热区内的工质受热形成气液塞状流，同时，通过对下降管管路尺寸的限制，即下降管的水力直径大于或等于所述临界尺寸，这样在散热器齿片内部形成自循环，使得气液塞状流带动更多的液态工质参与换热，因此，可以提升散热效率，避免了液态工质停留在散热器底部不参与换热。
在提升散热效率的基础上，与现有技术的散热器相比，本发明提供的散热器仅需要较小的尺寸和体积就可以实现同样的散热量。

Claims (20)

  1. 一种散热器，其特征在于，包括基板和多个齿片，所述多个齿片设于所述基板上形成散热翅片结构，各所述齿片均包括相对设置的根部和稍部，所述根部连接至所述基板，所述稍部位于所述齿片之远离所述基板的一边，所述齿片内形成受热区、下降管以及将所述受热区和所述下降管隔开的间隔带，所述受热区位于所述根部和所述间隔带之间，所述下降管位于所述间隔带和所述稍部之间，所述受热区和所述下降管之间形成第一通道和第二通道；所述受热区中的管路的水力直径小于临界尺寸，以使得所述受热区内的工质受热形成气液塞状流，流向所述第一通道，并通过所述第一通道流入所述下降管；所述下降管的水力直径大于或等于所述临界尺寸，所述第二通道与所述下降管交汇处的液体的压强大于所述第二通道与所述受热区交汇处的液体的压强，使得所述下降管中的液体通过所述第二通道流向所述受热区。
  2. 如权利要求1所述的散热器，其特征在于，所述受热区中的管路包括多路纵向管路及连通在所述多路纵向管路之间的横向管路，所述纵向管路从所述第二通道向所述第一通道的方向延伸，所述横向管路用于进行液体和气相的压力和温度的平衡。
  3. 如权利要求2所述的散热器，其特征在于，所述受热区包括多个间隔区，各所述间隔区将所述受热区分隔形成所述纵向管路和所述横向管路。
  4. 如权利要求3所述的散热器，其特征在于，所述多个间隔区排列呈两列，且所述两列间隔区交错设置，所述两列间隔区形成三路所述纵向管路。
  5. 如权利要求2-4任意一项所述的散热器，其特征在于，所述纵向管路呈波浪线状延伸。
  6. 如权利要求1-5任意一项所述的散热器，其特征在于，所述间隔带邻近所述受热区的一边呈波浪线状，所述间隔带邻近所述下降管的一边呈直线状。
  7. 如权利要求3-6任意一项所述的散热器，其特征在于，所述间隔区呈多边形或圆形。
  8. 如权利要求3-6任意一项所述的散热器，其特征在于，各所述间隔区呈长条状，各所述间隔区包括两条呈直线状的长边，所述两条长边之间通过弧形边连接，所述间隔区排列呈两列，相邻两列所述间隔区之间形成所述纵向管路，同一列中相邻的两个所述间隔区之间形成所述横向管路。
  9. 如权利要求1-8任意一项所述的散热器，其特征在于，所述间隔带邻近所述受热区的一边和所述间隔带邻近所述下降管的一边均呈直线状。
  10. 如权利要求1任意一项所述的散热器，其特征在于，所述下降管的数量为至少两列，相邻的两列所述下降管之间通过横向管路相通。
  11. 如权利要求1-10任意一项所述的散热器，其特征在于，所述第一通道呈蜂窝状，且所述第一通道包括至少两个纵横交错的管路。
  12. 如权利要求1-11任意一项所述的散热器，其特征在于，所述临界尺寸范围为：0.5-20mm。
  13. 如权利要求1-12任意一项所述的散热器，其特征在于，所述齿片呈平板状。
  14. 如权利要求1-13任意一项所述的散热器，其特征在于，还包括连接片，所述连接 片连接在相邻的两个所述齿片的稍部之间。
  15. 如权利要求14所述的散热器，其特征在于，所述连接片设有多个开孔。
  16. 如权利要求14或15所述的散热器，其特征在于，所述齿片的数量是所述连接片的数量的二倍。
  17. 如权利要求16所述的散热器，其特征在于，相邻的两个所述齿片之间设有通道，相邻的两个所述连接片被所述通道隔离。
  18. 如权利要求1-17任意一项所述的散热器，其特征在于，还包括盖板，所述多个齿片固定在所述盖板和所述基板之间。
  19. 如权利要求18所述的散热器，其特征在于，所述基板为电路板，所述基板之远离所述齿片的一侧设有发热元件。
  20. 一种通信产品，其特征在于，所述通信产品还包括如权利要求1至权利要求19任意一项所述的散热器和发热元件，所述发热器件的热量自所述散热器之所述基板之背离所述齿片的一侧传导至所述基板。
PCT/CN2017/118641 2016-12-30 2017-12-26 散热器及通信产品 WO2018121533A1 (zh)

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US10820448B2 (en) 2020-10-27
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