WO2018121299A1 - 驱动轴锁止装置以及动力驱动系统和车辆 - Google Patents

驱动轴锁止装置以及动力驱动系统和车辆 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2018121299A1
WO2018121299A1 PCT/CN2017/116619 CN2017116619W WO2018121299A1 WO 2018121299 A1 WO2018121299 A1 WO 2018121299A1 CN 2017116619 W CN2017116619 W CN 2017116619W WO 2018121299 A1 WO2018121299 A1 WO 2018121299A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
driving
drive shaft
locking device
drive
vehicle according
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/CN2017/116619
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
贝明
凌和平
翟震
黄长安
罗永孟
Original Assignee
比亚迪股份有限公司
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by 比亚迪股份有限公司 filed Critical 比亚迪股份有限公司
Priority to EP17886050.8A priority Critical patent/EP3553343A4/en
Priority to US16/474,430 priority patent/US20190346032A1/en
Publication of WO2018121299A1 publication Critical patent/WO2018121299A1/zh

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Classifications

    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16DCOUPLINGS FOR TRANSMITTING ROTATION; CLUTCHES; BRAKES
    • F16D11/00Clutches in which the members have interengaging parts
    • F16D11/14Clutches in which the members have interengaging parts with clutching members movable only axially
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16HGEARING
    • F16H48/00Differential gearings
    • F16H48/20Arrangements for suppressing or influencing the differential action, e.g. locking devices
    • F16H48/30Arrangements for suppressing or influencing the differential action, e.g. locking devices using externally-actuatable means
    • F16H48/34Arrangements for suppressing or influencing the differential action, e.g. locking devices using externally-actuatable means using electromagnetic or electric actuators
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60KARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
    • B60K17/00Arrangement or mounting of transmissions in vehicles
    • B60K17/02Arrangement or mounting of transmissions in vehicles characterised by arrangement, location, or kind of clutch
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60KARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
    • B60K17/00Arrangement or mounting of transmissions in vehicles
    • B60K17/04Arrangement or mounting of transmissions in vehicles characterised by arrangement, location, or kind of gearing
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60KARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
    • B60K17/00Arrangement or mounting of transmissions in vehicles
    • B60K17/04Arrangement or mounting of transmissions in vehicles characterised by arrangement, location, or kind of gearing
    • B60K17/16Arrangement or mounting of transmissions in vehicles characterised by arrangement, location, or kind of gearing of differential gearing
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B62LAND VEHICLES FOR TRAVELLING OTHERWISE THAN ON RAILS
    • B62DMOTOR VEHICLES; TRAILERS
    • B62D11/00Steering non-deflectable wheels; Steering endless tracks or the like
    • B62D11/02Steering non-deflectable wheels; Steering endless tracks or the like by differentially driving ground-engaging elements on opposite vehicle sides
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B62LAND VEHICLES FOR TRAVELLING OTHERWISE THAN ON RAILS
    • B62DMOTOR VEHICLES; TRAILERS
    • B62D11/00Steering non-deflectable wheels; Steering endless tracks or the like
    • B62D11/02Steering non-deflectable wheels; Steering endless tracks or the like by differentially driving ground-engaging elements on opposite vehicle sides
    • B62D11/04Steering non-deflectable wheels; Steering endless tracks or the like by differentially driving ground-engaging elements on opposite vehicle sides by means of separate power sources
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16DCOUPLINGS FOR TRANSMITTING ROTATION; CLUTCHES; BRAKES
    • F16D23/00Details of mechanically-actuated clutches not specific for one distinct type
    • F16D23/12Mechanical clutch-actuating mechanisms arranged outside the clutch as such
    • F16D2023/123Clutch actuation by cams, ramps or ball-screw mechanisms
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16HGEARING
    • F16H2200/00Transmissions for multiple ratios
    • F16H2200/20Transmissions using gears with orbital motion
    • F16H2200/2002Transmissions using gears with orbital motion characterised by the number of sets of orbital gears
    • F16H2200/2005Transmissions using gears with orbital motion characterised by the number of sets of orbital gears with one sets of orbital gears
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16HGEARING
    • F16H2200/00Transmissions for multiple ratios
    • F16H2200/20Transmissions using gears with orbital motion
    • F16H2200/203Transmissions using gears with orbital motion characterised by the engaging friction means not of the freewheel type, e.g. friction clutches or brakes
    • F16H2200/2033Transmissions using gears with orbital motion characterised by the engaging friction means not of the freewheel type, e.g. friction clutches or brakes with one engaging means
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16HGEARING
    • F16H2200/00Transmissions for multiple ratios
    • F16H2200/20Transmissions using gears with orbital motion
    • F16H2200/2094Transmissions using gears with orbital motion using positive clutches, e.g. dog clutches
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16HGEARING
    • F16H48/00Differential gearings
    • F16H48/20Arrangements for suppressing or influencing the differential action, e.g. locking devices
    • F16H48/24Arrangements for suppressing or influencing the differential action, e.g. locking devices using positive clutches or brakes

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to the field of vehicle technology, and more particularly to a drive shaft locking device for a vehicle and a power drive system having the same, and a vehicle having the power drive system.
  • the new energy vehicle adopts a distributed driving mode, and the two motors respectively drive the wheels on both sides, and the rotational speed and torque of the left and right wheels can be independently adjusted by the controller, thus canceling the differential, but in a certain In some slippery road conditions, it is still necessary to lock the left and right axles to improve vehicle passing. If the conventional electric lock-type differential is applied to a distributed-powered new energy vehicle, the differential function of the differential is wasted, and the conventional electric lock-type differential has a complicated structure and many components. Take up more space.
  • the present invention aims to solve at least one of the technical problems in the related art to some extent.
  • the invention proposes a drive shaft locking device for a vehicle, which can lock two drive shafts, which can facilitate the escape of the vehicle.
  • the invention further proposes a power drive system.
  • the invention further proposes a vehicle.
  • a drive shaft locking device for a vehicle includes: a planetary gear mechanism including a sun gear, a planetary gear, a carrier, and a ring gear; a first drive shaft, a second drive shaft, and a power engagement a device, the power engagement device including a first engagement portion and a second engagement portion, wherein the planet carrier is coupled to the first drive shaft and the first engagement portion, respectively, to cause the carrier, the first a drive shaft and the first joint portion rotate in synchronization, and the first joint portion is axially movable with respect to the first drive shaft, the second drive shaft and the sun gear and the first
  • the two engaging portions are connected to synchronously rotate the second driving shaft, the second engaging portion and the sun gear;
  • the joint driving device comprises: a driving needle and a driving portion, the driving a needle disposed to wrap around the sun gear with the ring gear a central axis that is rotatable and axially movable relative to the ring gear, the two ends of the drive pin being respectively mated with the
  • the drive shaft locking device of the present invention when the first engaging portion and the second engaging portion are engaged, the first drive shaft and the second drive shaft are mutually locked, and the first drive shaft and the second drive shaft can be rotated synchronously In turn, it can be beneficial to the escape of the vehicle. Moreover, by arranging the joint driving device and the power engaging device, the locking of the first driving shaft and the second driving shaft can be realized, which can make the driving shaft locking device simple in structure, reliable in function, small in parts and small in size. low cost.
  • the drive shaft locking device according to the invention can also have the following distinguishing technical features:
  • the planet carriers are two and are disposed on opposite sides of the sun gear, respectively.
  • the two planet carriers are divided into an axially fixed planet carrier and an axially moving planet carrier, the axially fixed planet carrier being fixed to the first drive shaft, the axially moving planet
  • the frame is axially movable relative to the axially fixed planet carrier, the axially moving planet carrier being fixed to the first joint.
  • the planet gear has a planetary axle that is coupled to the axially fixed planet carrier and the axially moving planet carrier, respectively, wherein the planet axle and the axial movement
  • the planet carrier is a sliding connection.
  • the ring gear is provided with a drive pin axial slot, the drive pin being slidably disposed within the drive pin axial slot.
  • the drive shaft locking device further includes: an elastic device elastically disposed between the first engaging portion and the second engaging portion to enable the first A joint has a tendency to move away from the first joint.
  • the driving portion includes: a follower portion that is rotatable with the driving pin, and the follower portion is braked, and the follower portion is provided with a driving surface, wherein the driving surface drives the driving needle to move along the axial direction by sliding of the driving pin on the driving surface when the follower is braked, so that the first engagement The portion engages the second joint.
  • the drive portion further includes a braking portion that is configured to brake the follower portion.
  • the braking portion is configured to brake the follower portion with an electromagnetic force.
  • the drive portion is an electromagnetic brake
  • the follower portion constitutes a brake member of the electromagnetic brake
  • the brake portion constitutes a brake frame of the electromagnetic brake.
  • the follower is sleeved over the first drive shaft.
  • the drive surface is a bevel or curved surface.
  • the driving surface includes: a first segment and a second segment, the first segment and the second segment are connected, and the connection between the first segment and the second segment is The lowest point, the first segment and the second segment are far from the connection The other end of the connection is the highest point.
  • the follower includes: a follower body and an annular follower flange disposed on the follower body, the follower flange facing the drive
  • the drive surface is provided on the end face of the needle.
  • the driving surface is provided with a driving surface limiting slot, and one end of the driving pin is located in the driving surface limiting slot.
  • the first joint is vacant over the second drive shaft.
  • the first joint has a plurality of first joint teeth distributed in a circumferential direction
  • the second joint has a plurality of second joint teeth distributed in a circumferential direction
  • the drive pin is mated with the first engagement portion.
  • a power drive system includes: the drive shaft locking device for a vehicle; a first motor generator, the first motor generator is driven with the first drive shaft and outputs power to a For one of the wheels; a second motor generator, the second motor generator is driven with the second drive shaft and outputs power to the other of the pair of wheels.
  • a vehicle according to the present invention includes the power drive system.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic view of a drive shaft locking device according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 2 is an exploded view of a drive shaft locking device in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention
  • Figure 3 is a schematic structural view of the follower portion
  • FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of a power drive system in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 5 is a schematic illustration of a power drive system in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention.
  • Planetary gear mechanism 10 sun gear 11; planet gear 12; planet carrier 13; axially fixed planet carrier 131; axially moving planet carrier 132;
  • Ring gear 14 drive needle axial groove 141;
  • first drive shaft 20 a first drive shaft 20; a second drive shaft 30;
  • Power joint device 40 first joint portion 41; first joint tooth 411;
  • Joint driving device 50 driving needle 51; driving portion 52; follower portion 521; follower portion body 521a; follower portion flange 521b;
  • a first motor generator D1 a second motor generator D2; a third motor generator D3; a fourth motor generator D4;
  • a drive shaft locking device 100 may be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.
  • the drive shaft locking device 100 can be applied to a vehicle, and is particularly suitable for a new energy vehicle using a distributed drive, the drive shaft locking device 100. It can be used to lock the two drive shafts, so that the left and right wheels can be rotated synchronously, and the vehicle can be greatly improved.
  • the vehicle can be an electric vehicle, but is not limited thereto.
  • the drive shaft locking device 100 may include: a planetary gear mechanism 10, a first drive shaft 20, a second drive shaft 30, a power engagement device 40, and a joint driving device. 50.
  • the planetary gear mechanism 10 includes a sun gear 11, a planetary gear 12, a carrier 13 and a ring gear 14, the planetary gear 12 being rotatably mounted on the carrier 13, and the planetary gear 12 meshing between the sun gear 11 and the ring gear 14, Thereby, the planet gear 12 can transmit power between the sun gear 11 and the ring gear 14.
  • the planetary gears 12 may be plural, for example three, and the three planetary wheels 12 may be evenly distributed with respect to the central axis of the sun gear 11.
  • a planetary axle can be mounted on the planet carrier 13, and the planetary gear 12 is mounted on the planetary axle.
  • the first drive shaft 20 and the second drive shaft 30 are two separate shafts.
  • the first drive shaft 20 can be driven with the left wheel and the second drive shaft 30 can be driven with the right wheel.
  • the axes of the first drive shaft 20 and the second drive shaft 30 may be collinear.
  • the present invention is not limited thereto.
  • the first drive shaft 20 may be a right half shaft
  • the second drive shaft 30 may be a left half shaft.
  • the power engagement device 40 may include a first engagement portion 41 and a second engagement portion 42, as shown in FIG. 1, the carrier 13 is coupled to the first drive shaft 20 and the first engagement portion 41, respectively, such that the carrier 13, first The drive shaft 20 and the first engaging portion 41 rotate in synchronization, and the first engaging portion 41 is movable in the axial direction with respect to the first drive shaft.
  • the second drive shaft 30 may be coupled to the sun gear 11 and the second engagement portion 42, respectively, to rotate the second drive shaft 30, the second engagement portion 42, and the sun gear 11 in synchronization.
  • the joint driving device 50 may include a driving needle 51 that is disposed to be rotatable about a central axis of the sun gear 11 with the ring gear 14, and a driving portion 52 that is disposed to be axially movable relative to the ring gear 14 .
  • Both ends of the driving pin 51 are respectively engaged with the driving portion 52 and the first engaging portion 41, and the driving portion 52 is provided for driving the driving needle 51 to move axially, so that the driving pin 51 drives the first engaging portion 41 toward the axial direction.
  • the direction of the second engaging portion 41 i.e., the left-to-right direction shown in FIG. 1 is moved, thereby causing the first engaging portion 41 to engage the second engaging portion 42.
  • the ring gear 14 can drive the driving pin 51 to rotate synchronously.
  • the ring gear 14 is provided with a driving pin axial groove 141, and the driving pin 51 is slidably disposed on the driving pin axial groove 141.
  • the driving portion 52 can drive the driving needle 51 to move from left to right. Since one end of the driving pin 51 is engaged with the first engaging portion 41, the driving pin 51 can synchronously drive the first engaging portion 41 to move from left to right.
  • the portion 41 is continuously adjacent to the second engaging portion 42 until the first engaging portion 41 is engaged with the second engaging portion 42, wherein the first driving shaft 20 and the second driving portion are engaged when the first engaging portion 41 and the second engaging portion 42 are engaged
  • the shafts 30 are locked to each other, and the first drive shaft 20 and the second drive shaft 30 can be synchronously rotated, so that the power on the slip side can be outputted through the other side, thereby facilitating the escape of the vehicle.
  • the conventional electric lock-type differential incorporates an electric actuating locking mechanism based on a common open differential, so that the differential has a locking function and is locked by an electric control differential.
  • This is an electric lock differential that is usually applied to a centralized drive type fuel vehicle, that is, the power is distributed to the left and right half shafts respectively after passing through the final drive and the differential, and the left and right wheel speeds are adjusted by the differential. difference.
  • a centralized drive type fuel vehicle that is, the power is distributed to the left and right half shafts respectively after passing through the final drive and the differential, and the left and right wheel speeds are adjusted by the differential. difference.
  • Such an electric lock differential is bulky and an electric vehicle has no engine.
  • the drive shaft locking device 100 of the present invention is significantly different in structure and implementation from the conventional electric lock-up differential, and the first can be achieved by arranging the joint driving device 50 and the power engaging device 40.
  • the locking of the drive shaft 20 and the second drive shaft 30 makes the drive shaft locking device 100 simple in structure, reliable in function, small in components, small in size, and low in cost.
  • the power engagement device 40 is reliable and stable in connection, and the operational reliability of the drive shaft locking device 100 can be improved.
  • the planetary gear mechanism 10 the power engagement device 40, the first drive shaft 20, and the second drive shaft 30 are coaxially arranged.
  • the drive shaft locking device 100 can be made small in radial size, small in size, and small in space.
  • FIG. 1 there may be two planet carriers 13, and two planet carriers 13 are respectively disposed on both sides of the sun gear 11.
  • the structural reliability of the planetary gear mechanism 10 can be facilitated, and the carrier 13 can be connected to the first drive shaft 20 and the first joint portion 41, respectively, so that the structural reliability of the drive shaft locking device 100 can be improved.
  • the mounting coaxiality of the driving needle 51 can be improved, and it is not easy to shift when moving in the axial direction.
  • the two planet carriers 13 can be divided into an axially fixed planet carrier 131 and an axially moving planet carrier 132.
  • the axially fixed planet carrier 131 is fixed to the first drive shaft 20, and the planetary carrier is axially moved.
  • 132 is axially movable with respect to the axially fixed planet carrier 131, and the axially moving planet carrier 132 is fixed to the first engaging portion 41.
  • the axially fixed planet carrier 131 can be used for securing with the first drive shaft 20, and the axially moving planet carrier 132 can be used for securing with the first engagement portion 41 such that by axially moving the planet carrier 132 relative to the first The drive shaft 20 and the shaft of the axially fixed planet carrier 131 The movement may cause the first engaging portion 41 to move axially toward the second engaging portion 42, and the first drive shaft 20, the axially fixed planet carrier 131, the axially moving planet carrier 132, and the first engaging portion 41 may be rotated synchronously. .
  • the planet gears 12 may have planet axles that are coupled to the axially fixed planet carrier 131 and the axially moving planet carrier 132, respectively, wherein the planet axles are in sliding contact with the axially moving planet carrier 132. This can facilitate the axial movement of the axially moving planet carrier 132, and can ensure the operational reliability of the drive shaft locking device 100.
  • the drive shaft locking device 100 may further include: an elastic device 70 elastically disposed between the first engaging portion 41 and the second engaging portion 42 to make the first engaging portion 41 has a tendency to move away from the second joint 42.
  • the elastic means 70 can provide the first engaging portion 41 with a reverse force, which can cause the first engaging portion 41 to move axially away from the second engaging portion 42 until it is completely separated from the second engaging portion 42, at this time
  • the drive shaft locking device 100 releases the locking of the two drive shafts.
  • the driving unit 52 may include a follower portion 521 , the follower portion 521 can rotate with the driving pin 51 , and the follower portion 521 can be braked, and the driving portion 521 is provided with a driving surface 523 .
  • the follower portion 521 When the follower portion 521 is braked, it slides on the driving surface 523 through the driving pin 51 to change the contact fitting position of the driving pin 51 and the driving surface 523, thereby driving the driving surface 523 to drive the driving pin 51 to move in the axial direction, so that The first engaging portion 41 engages the second engaging portion 42.
  • the follower portion 521 and the driving needle 51 can be in a synchronous rotation relationship before the follower portion 521 is not braked, but after the follower portion 521 is braked, the rotation speed of the follower portion 521 is decreased.
  • a difference in rotational speed will occur between the follower portion 521 and the drive pin 51, so that the drive pin 51 can slide on the drive surface 523 of the follower portion 521, and the drive pin 51 after the slide can be axially moved relative to the carrier 13 to drive
  • the needle 51 can drive the first engaging portion 41 to gradually approach the second engaging portion 42 until the first engaging portion 41 engages with the second engaging portion 42.
  • the driving portion 52 may further include a braking portion 522 configured to brake the follower portion 521 . That is, the braking portion 522 can function as the brake follower 521, and the braking portion 522 can brake the follower portion 521 when the first engaging portion 41 and the second engaging portion 42 are required to be engaged.
  • the braking portion 522 may be configured to brake the follower portion 521 with an electromagnetic force.
  • the electromagnetic force control is precise and reliable, so that the operational reliability of the drive shaft locking device 100 can be improved, and the service life of the drive shaft locking device 100 can be extended.
  • the drive unit 52 may be an electromagnetic brake
  • the follower portion 521 constitutes a brake for the electromagnetic brake
  • the brake portion 522 constitutes a brake bracket for the electromagnetic brake.
  • the control system of the electromagnetic brake and the planetary gear mechanism can simplify the control system of the drive shaft locking device 100 and can make the system more reliable.
  • the follower portion 521 may be sleeved on the first drive shaft 20. Thereby, the cooperation between the follower portion 521 and the driving needle 51 can be further facilitated, and the axial length of the drive shaft locking device 100 can be reduced at least to some extent, and the volume of the drive shaft locking device 100 can be reduced. .
  • the driving surface 523 may be a bevel or a curved surface.
  • the driving surface 523 By arranging the driving surface 523 as a slope or a curved surface, it is possible to facilitate the sliding of the driving needle 51 on the driving surface 523, and it is possible to promote The drive needle 51 is moved in the axial direction.
  • the driving surface 523 may include a first segment 523a and a second segment 523b.
  • the first segment 523a and the second segment 523b are connected, and the connection between the first segment 523a and the second segment 523b is the lowest point, and the first segment 523a The other end of the second segment 523b away from the junction is the highest point.
  • the first engaging portion 41 and the second engaging portion 42 are in a separated state, and when one end of the driving pin 51 is at the highest point or adjacent to the highest point, the first engaging portion 41 and The second engaging portion 42 is in an engaged state.
  • each of the first segment 523a and the second segment 523b may have a circular arc shape.
  • the first segment 523a and the second segment 523b of the arc shape may facilitate sliding of one end of the driving pin 51 on the driving surface 523, and the movement resistance of the driving pin 51 may be reduced.
  • each of the first segment 523a and the second segment 523b has a corresponding center angle.
  • the first segment 523a and the second segment 523b are substantially identical, so that the sliding of the drive pin 51 on the driving surface 523 can be more advantageous.
  • the drive surface 523 may be a plurality of segments, and the plurality of drive faces 523 are circumferentially spaced apart.
  • the number of the driving pins 51 can correspond to the number of the driving faces 523, which can increase the number of the driving pins 51, so that the plurality of driving pins 51 and the first engaging portion 41 can be made to be reliable, and the second engaging portion can be made
  • the axial movement of the 42 is reliable, which makes the drive shaft locking device 100 more reliable.
  • the plurality of driving surfaces 523 can be connected by a connecting plane, and the connecting plane is flush with the highest point. This can improve the structural reliability of the driving surface 523 of the follower portion 521 at least to some extent, and can improve the structural reliability of the drive shaft locking device 100.
  • the follower portion 521 may include: a follower portion body 521a and an annular follower portion flange 521b provided on the follower portion body 521a, the follower portion A drive surface 523 is provided on an end surface of the flange 521b facing the drive pin 51.
  • the follower body 521a can effectively enhance the structural reliability of the follower portion 521, and the drive surface 523 can be disposed on the end surface of the follower portion flange 521b, so that the design difficulty of the drive surface 523 can be reduced, and the drive surface 523 can be improved. Structural reliability.
  • the driving surface 523 may be provided with a driving surface limiting groove 523c, and one end of the driving pin 51 is located in the driving surface limiting groove 523c. Therefore, by providing the driving surface limiting groove 523c, one end of the driving pin 51 can be fitted in the driving surface limiting groove 523c, so that at least a certain end of the driving pin 51 can be prevented from being detached from the driving surface 523, which can be improved. The reliability and stability of the drive needle 51 moving on the drive surface 523.
  • the first engaging portion 41 can be sleeved on the second drive shaft 30.
  • the first engaging portion 41 thus provided can be advantageous for reducing the axial dimension of the drive shaft locking device 100, and can advantageously reduce the volume of the drive shaft locking device 100. In addition, it can also be advantageous to improve the first engagement.
  • the layout reliability of the portion 41 can be advantageous for reducing the axial dimension of the drive shaft locking device 100, and can advantageously reduce the volume of the drive shaft locking device 100. In addition, it can also be advantageous to improve the first engagement. The layout reliability of the portion 41.
  • the first engaging portion 41 has a plurality of first engaging teeth 411 distributed in the circumferential direction
  • the second engaging portion 42 has a plurality of second engaging teeth 422 distributed in the circumferential direction. It can be understood that when the first engaging teeth 411 and the second engaging teeth 422 are engaged, the first engaging portion 41 and the second engaging portion 42 are engaged by providing a plurality of first engaging teeth 411 and a plurality of second engaging teeth 422 The fitting reliability of the first joint portion 41 and the second joint portion 42 can be improved.
  • the drive pin 51 is fitted to the first joint portion 41. By the fitting fit, the reliability of the cooperation between the driving pin 51 and the first engaging portion 41 can be ensured, and the operational reliability of the driving shaft locking device 100 can be improved.
  • a power drive system 1000 in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention is described in detail below.
  • the power drive system 1000 may include the drive shaft lock device 100 for a vehicle, the first motor generator D1, and the second motor generator D2 of the above embodiment, the first motor generator D1 is driven by the first drive shaft 20, and the first motor generator D1 outputs power to one of a pair of wheels, the second motor generator D2 and the second drive shaft 30 are driven, and the second motor generator D2 is powered Output to the other of the pair of wheels.
  • the drive shaft locking device 100 locks the first drive shaft 20 and the second drive shaft 30
  • the two wheels rotate synchronously when the drive shaft lock device 100 does not lock the first drive shaft 20 and the second drive shaft 30.
  • the first motor generator D1 and the second motor generator D2 operate separately to drive the corresponding wheels to rotate at a suitable rotational speed.
  • the drive shaft locking device 100 of the above embodiment may be applied only to a group of wheels.
  • a first gear c1, a second gear c2, a third gear c3, a fourth gear c4, a fifth gear c5, and a sixth gear c6 are disposed between the first motor generator D1 and the left front wheel Z1, wherein the first gear C1 is fixed on the motor shaft of the first motor generator D1, the second gear c2 is meshed with the first gear c1, the second gear c2 is also coaxially fixed with the third gear c3, and the third gear c3 is meshed with the fourth gear c4.
  • the fourth gear c4 is fixed on the first driving shaft 20, and the fifth gear c5 is fixed on the first driving shaft 20, and the sixth gear c6, the fifth gear c5 and the sixth gear are connected to the half shaft of the left front wheel Z1. C6 is engaged, so that the power of the first motor generator D1 can be transmitted to the left front wheel Z1 through the three sets of meshing gears.
  • the first drive shaft 20 can also play a corresponding role in the transmission process, and the first gear Between c1 and the second gear c2, between the third gear c3 and the fourth gear c4 can function as a deceleration and torque increase.
  • the present invention is not limited thereto, and as shown in FIG. 5, in the power drive system 1000, the drive shaft lock device 100 of the above embodiment can be applied to two sets of wheels.
  • the drive shaft lock device 100 may be two, one drive shaft lock device 100 is fitted in the left front wheel Z1 and the right front wheel Y1, and the first motor generator D1 and the drive shaft lock device 100 are A drive shaft 20 is driven, and the second motor generator D2 is driven by the second drive shaft 30 of the drive shaft locking device 100.
  • the other drive shaft locking device 100 is engaged in the left rear wheel Z2 and the right rear wheel Y2, and the third motor generator D3 is driven by the first drive shaft 20 of the drive shaft locking device 100, and the fourth motor generator D4 The second drive shaft 30 of the drive shaft locking device 100 is driven.
  • a drive shaft lock according to an embodiment of the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to FIG. 1 and in conjunction with the specific embodiment illustrated in FIG. The working process and principle of the device 100.
  • the first motor generator D1 and the second motor generator D2 work separately, and the controller of the vehicle can control the first motor generator D1 and the second motor generator D2 to work in the same direction and at the same speed.
  • the left front wheel Z1 and the right front wheel Y1 can rotate at the same speed and in the same direction.
  • the controller may control the first motor generator D1 and the second motor generator D2 to work in the same direction and at different speeds.
  • the speed of the first motor generator D1 may be smaller than the second electric motor.
  • the rotation speed of the generator D2 can make the rotation speed of the right front wheel Y1 larger than the rotation speed of the left front wheel Z1, and realize a left turn.
  • one end of the driving pin 51 in the driving shaft locking device 100 is at the lowest point of the driving surface 523 of the follower portion 521 by the elastic device 70. At this time, the driving pin 51 and the follower portion 521 are in a synchronous rotation state.
  • the driver controls the electromagnetic brake to be energized, and the brake bracket brakes the brake member, so that the rotation speed of the brake member is suppressed, and a rotational speed difference is generated between the drive needle 51 and the brake member, and the drive needle 51 is
  • the driving surface 523 of the brake member slides, and the driving needle 51 can be slid from the lowest point of the driving surface 523 to the highest point or a position adjacent to the highest point, and the driving needle 51 is axially moved toward one side of the first engaging portion 41 to drive
  • the needle 51 can also drive the first engaging portion 41 to gradually approach the second engaging portion 42 until the first engaging portion 41 and the second engaging portion 42 are engaged, at which time, the first driving shaft 20 and the second driving shaft 30 rotate synchronously, thereby Can improve the ability of the vehicle to get out of trouble.
  • the driver can press the electromagnetic brake again, the electromagnetic brake is de-energized, and the elastic device moves axially away from the second engaging portion 42.
  • the driving pin 51 is axially associated with the first engaging portion 41. Moving, the end of the driving pin 51 engaged with the driving surface 523 can be gradually slid from the highest point or the position adjacent to the highest point to the lowest point. At this time, the second engaging portion 42 and the first engaging portion 41 are completely separated, and the vehicle can follow the above The vehicle continues to travel in a straight line and the normal turning mode of the vehicle.
  • a vehicle according to an embodiment of the present invention includes the power drive system 1000 of the above embodiment.

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Abstract

一种驱动轴锁止装置以及动力驱动系统和车辆,驱动轴锁止装置(100)包括:行星齿轮机构(10);第一、第二驱动轴(20,30)和动力接合装置(40),动力接合装置(40)包括第一和第二接合部(41,42),行星架(13)、第一驱动轴(20)和第一接合部(41)同步转动,并且第一接合部(41)相对于第一驱动轴(20)可沿轴向移动,第二驱动轴(30)、第二接合部(42)和太阳轮(11)同步转动;该装置还包括接合部驱动装置(50),接合部驱动装置(50)包括:驱动针(51)和驱动部(52),驱动针(51)设置成可随齿圈(14)绕太阳轮(11)的中心轴线转动且可相对于齿圈(14)轴向移动,驱动部(52)用于驱动驱动针(51)带动第一接合部(41)沿轴向向靠近第二接合部(42)的方向移动,从而使第一接合部(41)接合第二接合部(42)。这样驱动轴锁止装置可以锁止两个驱动轴,可以提高车辆的脱困能力。

Description

驱动轴锁止装置以及动力驱动系统和车辆
相关申请的交叉引用
本申请要求于2016年12月27日提交至中国国家知识产权局的专利申请号为201611229306.X的中国专利申请的优先权,其公开内容通过引用并入本文。
技术领域
本发明涉及车辆技术领域,尤其涉及一种用于车辆的驱动轴锁止装置以及具有该驱动轴锁止装置的动力驱动系统,还有具有该动力驱动系统的车辆。
背景技术
相关技术中,新能源汽车采用了分布式驱动方式,由两个电机分别驱动两侧车轮,左、右车轮的转速、扭矩可以由控制器分别独立调节,这样取消了差速器,但是在某些易打滑路况下仍然需要锁止左、右半轴以提高车辆通过性。如果将传统的电动锁止式差速器应用于分布式驱动的新能源汽车,则浪费了差速器的差速功能,而且传统的电动锁止式差速器结构复杂,零部件较多,占用空间较多。
发明内容
本发明旨在至少在一定程度上解决相关技术中的技术问题之一。为此,本发明提出一种用于车辆的驱动轴锁止装置,该驱动轴锁止装置可以锁止两个驱动轴,可以有利于车辆的脱困。
本发明进一步地提出了一种动力驱动系统。
本发明进一步地还提出了一种车辆。
根据本发明的用于车辆的驱动轴锁止装置,包括:行星齿轮机构,所述行星齿轮机构包括太阳轮、行星轮、行星架和齿圈;第一驱动轴、第二驱动轴和动力接合装置,所述动力接合装置包括第一接合部和第二接合部,其中所述行星架分别与所述第一驱动轴和所述第一接合部相连,以使所述行星架、所述第一驱动轴和所述第一接合部同步转动,并且所述第一接合部相对于所述第一驱动轴可沿轴向移动,所述第二驱动轴分别与所述太阳轮和所述第二接合部相连,以使所述第二驱动轴、所述第二接合部和所述太阳轮同步转动;接合部驱动装置,所述接合部驱动装置包括:驱动针和驱动部,所述驱动针设置成可随所述齿圈绕所述太阳轮 的中心轴线转动且可相对于所述齿圈轴向移动,所述驱动针的两端分别与所述驱动部和所述第一接合部配合,所述驱动部设置成用于驱动所述驱动针带动所述第一接合部沿所述轴向向靠近所述第二接合部的方向移动,从而使所述第一接合部接合所述第二接合部。
根据本发明的驱动轴锁止装置,当第一接合部和第二接合部接合时,第一驱动轴和第二驱动轴之间相互锁止,第一驱动轴和第二驱动轴可以同步转动,进而可以有利于车辆的脱困。而且,通过布置接合部驱动装置和动力接合装置,可以实现第一驱动轴和第二驱动轴的锁止,这样可以使得驱动轴锁止装置结构简单,功能实现可靠,零部件少,体积小,成本低。
另外,根据本发明的驱动轴锁止装置还可以具有以下区别技术特征:
在本发明的一些示例中,所述行星架为两个且分别设置在所述太阳轮的两侧。
在本发明的一些示例中,两个所述行星架分为轴向固定行星架和轴向移动行星架,所述轴向固定行星架与所述第一驱动轴固定,所述轴向移动行星架相对于所述轴向固定行星架可沿轴向移动,所述轴向移动行星架与所述第一接合部固定。
在本发明的一些示例中,所述行星轮具有行星轮轴,所述行星轮轴分别与所述轴向固定行星架和所述轴向移动行星架相连,其中所述行星轮轴与所述轴向移动行星架为滑动连接。
在本发明的一些示例中,所述齿圈上设置有驱动针轴向槽,所述驱动针可滑动地设置在所述驱动针轴向槽内。
在本发明的一些示例中,所述驱动轴锁止装置还包括:弹性装置,所述弹性装置弹性地设置在所述第一接合部与所述第二接合部之间,以使所述第一接合部具有向远离所述第一接合部的方向运动的趋势。
在本发明的一些示例中,所述驱动部包括:随动部,所述随动部可随所述驱动针转动,并且所述随动部可被制动,所述随动部上设置有驱动面,所述随动部被制动时通过所述驱动针在所述驱动面上的滑动而使所述驱动面驱动所述驱动针沿所述轴向移动,以使所述第一接合部接合所述第二接合部。
在本发明的一些示例中,所述驱动部还包括:制动部,所述制动部设置成用于制动所述随动部。
在本发明的一些示例中,所述制动部设置成利用电磁力制动所述随动部。
在本发明的一些示例中,所述驱动部为电磁制动器,所述随动部构成所述电磁制动器的制动件,所述制动部构成所述电磁制动器的制动架。
在本发明的一些示例中,所述随动部空套在所述第一驱动轴上。
在本发明的一些示例中,所述驱动面为斜面或曲面。
在本发明的一些示例中,所述驱动面包括:第一段和第二段,所述第一段和所述第二段相连,所述第一段和所述第二段的连接处为最低点,所述第一段和所述第二段的远离所述连 接处的另一端为最高点。
在本发明的一些示例中,所述随动部包括:随动部本体和设置在所述随动部本体上的环形的随动部凸缘,所述随动部凸缘的朝向所述驱动针的端面上设置有所述驱动面。
在本发明的一些示例中,所述驱动面上设置有驱动面限位槽,所述驱动针的一端位于所述驱动面限位槽内。
在本发明的一些示例中,所述第一接合部空套在所述第二驱动轴上。
在本发明的一些示例中,所述第一接合部具有多个沿周向分布的第一接合牙,所述第二接合部具有多个沿周向分布的第二接合牙。
在本发明的一些示例中,所述驱动针与所述第一接合部贴合配合。
根据本发明的动力驱动系统,包括:所述的用于车辆的驱动轴锁止装置;第一电动发电机,所述第一电动发电机与所述第一驱动轴传动且将动力输出至一对车轮中的一个;第二电动发电机,所述第二电动发电机与所述第二驱动轴传动且将动力输出至一对车轮中的另一个。
所述动力驱动系统的有益效果与所述驱动轴锁止装置的有益效果相同,在此不再详述。
根据本发明的车辆,包括所述的动力驱动系统。
所述车辆的有益效果与所述动力驱动系统的有益效果相同,在此不再详述。
附图说明
图1是根据本发明实施例的驱动轴锁止装置的示意图;
图2是根据本发明实施例的驱动轴锁止装置的分解图;
图3是随动部的结构示意图;
图4是根据本发明实施例的动力驱动系统的示意图;
图5是根据本发明实施例的动力驱动系统的示意图。
附图标记:
动力驱动系统1000;
驱动轴锁止装置100;
行星齿轮机构10;太阳轮11;行星轮12;行星架13;轴向固定行星架131;轴向移动行星架132;
齿圈14;驱动针轴向槽141;
第一驱动轴20;第二驱动轴30;
动力接合装置40;第一接合部41;第一接合牙411;
第二接合部42;第二接合牙422;
接合部驱动装置50;驱动针51;驱动部52;随动部521;随动部本体521a;随动部凸缘521b;
制动部522;
驱动面523;第一段523a;第二段523b;驱动面限位槽523c;
弹性装置70;
第一电动发电机D1;第二电动发电机D2;第三电动发电机D3;第四电动发电机D4;
左前轮Z1;左后轮Z2;右前轮Y1;右后轮Y2。
具体实施方式
下面详细描述本发明的实施例,所述实施例的示例在附图中示出。下面通过参考附图描述的实施例是示例性的,旨在用于解释本发明,而不能理解为对本发明的限制。
下面参考附图详细描述根据本发明实施例的驱动轴锁止装置100,该驱动轴锁止装置100可以应用于车辆上,特别适用于采用分布式驱动的新能源汽车,驱动轴锁止装置100可以用于锁止两个驱动轴,从而可以使得左右车轮同步转动,可以大大提高车辆脱困能力,车辆可以为电动汽车,但不限于此。
如图1和图2所示,根据本发明实施例的驱动轴锁止装置100可以包括:行星齿轮机构10、第一驱动轴20、第二驱动轴30、动力接合装置40和接合部驱动装置50。
行星齿轮机构10包括太阳轮11、行星轮12、行星架13和齿圈14,行星轮12可以转动地安装在行星架13上,而且行星轮12啮合在太阳轮11和齿圈14之间,由此,行星轮12可以在太阳轮11和齿圈14之间传递动力。其中,行星轮12可以为多个,例如三个,三个行星轮12可以关于太阳轮11的中心轴线均匀分布。行星架13上可以安装有行星轮轴,行星轮12安装在行星轮轴上。
第一驱动轴20和第二驱动轴30为两个独立的轴,例如,第一驱动轴20可以与左车轮传动,第二驱动轴30可以与右车轮传动。第一驱动轴20和第二驱动轴30的轴线可以共线。但本发明不限于此,例如第一驱动轴20也可以是右半轴,第二驱动轴30可以是左半轴。
动力接合装置40可以包括第一接合部41和第二接合部42,如图1所示,行星架13分别与第一驱动轴20和第一接合部41相连,以使得行星架13、第一驱动轴20和第一接合部41同步转动,并且第一接合部41相对于第一驱动轴可以沿轴向方向移动。
第二驱动轴30可以分别与太阳轮11和第二接合部42相连,以使第二驱动轴30、第二接合部42和太阳轮11同步转动。
接合部驱动装置50可以包括:驱动针51和驱动部52,驱动针51设置成能够随齿圈14绕太阳轮11的中心轴线转动,而且驱动针51设置成可以相对于齿圈14轴向移动。
驱动针51的两端分别与驱动部52和第一接合部41配合,驱动部52设置成用于驱动驱动针51轴向移动,以使得驱动针51带动第一接合部41沿轴向向靠近第二接合部41的方向(即图1所示的从左向右方向)移动,从而使第一接合部41接合第二接合部42。
也就是说,齿圈14可以带动驱动针51同步转动,例如,如图1所示,齿圈14上设置有驱动针轴向槽141,驱动针51可以滑动地设置在驱动针轴向槽141内。而且驱动部52可以驱动驱动针51从左向右移动,由于驱动针51的一端与第一接合部41配合,这样驱动针51可以同步带动第一接合部41从左向右移动,第一接合部41不断靠近第二接合部42,直至第一接合部41与第二接合部42接合,其中,当第一接合部41和第二接合部42接合时,第一驱动轴20和第二驱动轴30之间相互锁止,第一驱动轴20和第二驱动轴30可以同步转动,这样打滑一侧的动力可通过另一侧输出,进而可以有利于车辆的脱困。
传统的电动锁止式差速器是在普通开放式差速器的基础上加入电动致动锁止机构,从而差速器具有锁止功能,通过电气控制差速器锁止。这是一种通常应用于集中驱动式燃油汽车的电动锁止差速器,即动力经过主减速器、差速器后分别分配给左、右半轴,由差速器调节左、右轮速差。但是不能直接应用在电动车辆上,此种电动锁止差速器体积大,而且电动车辆没有发动机。
由此,本发明的驱动轴锁止装置100从结构和实现方式上明显区别于传统的电动锁止式差速器,而且,通过布置接合部驱动装置50和动力接合装置40,可以实现第一驱动轴20和第二驱动轴30的锁止,这样可以使得驱动轴锁止装置100结构简单,功能实现可靠,零部件少,体积小,成本低。其中,动力接合装置40接合可靠且稳定,可以提高驱动轴锁止装置100的工作可靠性。
其中,如图1所示,行星齿轮机构10、动力接合装置40、第一驱动轴20和第二驱动轴30同轴布置。由此,可以使得驱动轴锁止装置100径向尺寸小,体积小,占用空间小。
根据本发明的一个优选实施例,如图1所示,行星架13可以为两个,而且两个行星架13分别设置在太阳轮11的两侧。由此,可以有利于行星齿轮机构10的结构可靠性,还可以有利于行星架13分别与第一驱动轴20和第一接合部41相连,从而可以提高驱动轴锁止装置100的结构可靠性,以及可以使驱动针51的安装同轴度提高,轴向移动时也不容易偏移。
进一步地,如图1所示,两个行星架13可以分为轴向固定行星架131和轴向移动行星架132,轴向固定行星架131与第一驱动轴20固定,轴向移动行星架132相对于轴向固定行星架131可以沿轴向移动,轴向移动行星架132与第一接合部41固定。也就是说,轴向固定行星架131可以用于与第一驱动轴20固定,轴向移动行星架132可以用于与第一接合部41固定,这样通过轴向移动行星架132相对于第一驱动轴20和轴向固定行星架131的轴 向移动,可以促使第一接合部41向第二接合部42轴向移动,而且可以使得第一驱动轴20、轴向固定行星架131、轴向移动行星架132和第一接合部41同步转动。
具体地,行星轮12可以具有行星轮轴,行星轮轴分别与轴向固定行星架131和轴向移动行星架132相连,其中,行星轮轴与轴向移动行星架132为滑动连接。这样可以有利于轴向移动行星架132的轴向移动,可以保证驱动轴锁止装置100的工作可靠性。
优选地,如图1所示,驱动轴锁止装置100还可以包括:弹性装置70,弹性装置70弹性地设置在第一接合部41与第二接合部42之间,以使第一接合部41具有向远离第二接合部42的方向运动的趋势。由此,弹性装置70可以提供给第一接合部41反向力,可以促使第一接合部41向远离第二接合部42的方向轴向移动,直至完全与第二接合部42分离,此时,驱动轴锁止装置100解除对两个驱动轴的锁止。
其中,如图1所示,驱动部52可以包括:随动部521,随动部521能够随驱动针51转动,并且随动部521能够被制动,随动部521上设置有驱动面523,随动部521被制动时通过驱动针51在驱动面523上滑动,以改变驱动针51与驱动面523的接触配合位置,进而使驱动面523驱动驱动针51沿轴向移动,以使第一接合部41接合第二接合部42。可以理解的是,在随动部521未被制动之前,随动部521和驱动针51可以为同步转动关系,但是在随动部521被制动之后,随动部521的转速减小,随动部521和驱动针51之间将出现转速差,这样驱动针51可以在随动部521的驱动面523上滑动,滑动之后的驱动针51可以相对于行星架13轴向移动,从而驱动针51可以带动第一接合部41逐渐靠近第二接合部42,直至第一接合部41与第二接合部42接合。
进一步地,如图1所示,驱动部52还可以包括:制动部522,制动部522设置成用于制动随动部521。也就是说,制动部522可以起到制动随动部521的作用,当需要第一接合部41和第二接合部42接合时,制动部522可以制动随动部521。
优选地,制动部522可以设置成利用电磁力制动随动部521。电磁力控制精确且可靠,从而可以提高驱动轴锁止装置100的工作可靠性,可以延长驱动轴锁止装置100的使用寿命。例如,驱动部52可以为电磁制动器,随动部521构成电磁制动器的制动件,制动部522构成电磁制动器的制动架。采用电磁制动器和行星齿轮机构的控制方式,可以简化驱动轴锁止装置100的控制系统,以及可以使得系统可靠性更高。
可选地,如图1所示,随动部521可以空套在第一驱动轴20上。由此,可以更加有利于随动部521和驱动针51之间的配合,而且还可以至少一定程度上减少驱动轴锁止装置100的轴向长度,可以减小驱动轴锁止装置100的体积。
根据本发明的一个具体实施例,如图3所示,驱动面523可以为斜面或者曲面。通过将驱动面523设置成斜面或者曲面,可以有利于驱动针51在驱动面523上滑动,而且可以促 使驱动针51在轴向方向上移动。
进一步地,驱动面523可以包括:第一段523a和第二段523b,第一段523a和第二段523b相连,第一段523a和第二段523b的连接处为最低点,第一段523a和第二段523b的远离连接处的另一端为最高点。由此,当驱动针51的一端处于最低点时,第一接合部41和第二接合部42处于分离状态,当驱动针51的一端处于最高点或邻近最高点时,第一接合部41和第二接合部42处于接合状态。这样通过合理布置驱动面523,可以有利于驱动针51在最低点和最高点之间滑动,这样可以有利于第一接合部41和第二接合部42的接合,可以有利于提升驱动轴锁止装置100的工作可靠性。
优选地,第一段523a和第二段523b中的每一段均可以为圆弧形。圆弧形状的第一段523a和第二段523b可以有利于驱动针51的一端在驱动面523上的滑动,可以减小驱动针51的移动阻力。
可选地,第一段523a和第二段523b中的每一段对应的圆心角度相同。这样第一段523a和第二段523b基本相同,从而可以更加有利于驱动针51在驱动面523上的滑动。
可选地,驱动面523可以为多段,而且多段驱动面523沿周向间隔开分布。由此,驱动针51的数量可以与驱动面523的数量相对应,这样可以增加驱动针51的数量,从而可以使得多个驱动针51和第一接合部41配合可靠,可以使得第二接合部42轴向移动可靠,可以使得驱动轴锁止装置100工作更可靠。
其中,多段驱动面523之间可以通过连接平面相连,连接平面与最高点平齐。这样可以至少一定程度上提高随动部521的驱动面523的结构可靠性,可以提升驱动轴锁止装置100的结构可靠性。
根据本发明的一个可选实施例,如图3所示,随动部521可以包括:随动部本体521a和设置在随动部本体521a上的环形的随动部凸缘521b,随动部凸缘521b的朝向驱动针51的端面上设置有驱动面523。这样随动部本体521a可以有效增强随动部521的结构可靠性,而且可以在随动部凸缘521b的端面上设置驱动面523,从而可以降低驱动面523的设计难度,可以提高驱动面523的结构可靠性。
进一步地,如图3所示,驱动面523上可以设置有驱动面限位槽523c,驱动针51的一端位于驱动面限位槽523c内。由此,通过设置驱动面限位槽523c,可以使得驱动针51的一端配合在驱动面限位槽523c内,这样可以至少一定程度上防止驱动针51的一端从驱动面523中脱离,可以提高驱动针51在驱动面523上移动的可靠性和稳定性。
其中,如图1所示,第一接合部41可以空套在第二驱动轴30上。这样设置的第一接合部41可以有利于减小驱动轴锁止装置100的轴向尺寸,而且可以有利于减小驱动轴锁止装置100的体积,另外,这样还可以有利于提高第一接合部41的布置可靠性。
具体地,如图2所示,第一接合部41具有多个沿周向分布的第一接合牙411,第二接合部42具有多个沿周向分布的第二接合牙422。可以理解的是,当第一接合牙411和第二接合牙422配合时,第一接合部41和第二接合部42接合,通过设置多个第一接合牙411和多个第二接合牙422,可以提高第一接合部41和第二接合部42的配合可靠性。
其中,驱动针51与第一接合部41贴合配合。通过贴合配合,可以保证驱动针51和第一接合部41之间的配合可靠性,可以提升驱动轴锁止装置100的工作可靠性。
下面详细描述一种根据本发明实施例的动力驱动系统1000。
如图4和图5所示,该动力驱动系统1000可以包括上述实施例的用于车辆的驱动轴锁止装置100、第一电动发电机D1和第二电动发电机D2,第一电动发电机D1与第一驱动轴20传动,而且第一电动发电机D1将动力输出至一对车轮中的一个,第二电动发电机D2与第二驱动轴30传动,而且第二电动发电机D2将动力输出至一对车轮中的另一个。这样当驱动轴锁止装置100锁止第一驱动轴20和第二驱动轴30时,两个车轮同步转动,当驱动轴锁止装置100未锁止第一驱动轴20和第二驱动轴30时,第一电动发电机D1和第二电动发电机D2分别单独工作以驱动对应的车轮以适宜的转速转动。
其中,如图4所示,在动力驱动系统1000中,上述实施例的驱动轴锁止装置100可以仅应用在一组车轮中。第一电动发电机D1和左前轮Z1之间设置有第一齿轮c1、第二齿轮c2、第三齿轮c3、第四齿轮c4、第五齿轮c5和第六齿轮c6,其中,第一齿轮c1固定在第一电动发电机D1的电机轴上,第二齿轮c2和第一齿轮c1啮合,第二齿轮c2还与第三齿轮c3同轴固定,第三齿轮c3与第四齿轮c4啮合,第四齿轮c4固定在第一驱动轴20上,第一驱动轴20上还固定有第五齿轮c5,左前轮Z1的半轴上连接有第六齿轮c6,第五齿轮c5和第六齿轮c6啮合,这样第一电动发电机D1的动力可以通过上述三组啮合的齿轮传递给左前轮Z1,当然,第一驱动轴20也可以在传递过程中起到相应的作用,而且第一齿轮c1和第二齿轮c2之间、第三齿轮c3和第四齿轮c4之间可以起到减速增矩的作用。
当然,本发明并不限于此,如图5所示,在动力驱动系统1000中,上述实施例的驱动轴锁止装置100可以应用在两组车轮中。例如,驱动轴锁止装置100可以为两个,一个驱动轴锁止装置100配合在左前轮Z1和右前轮Y1中,而且第一电动发电机D1与该驱动轴锁止装置100的第一驱动轴20传动,第二电动发电机D2与该驱动轴锁止装置100的第二驱动轴30传动。
另一个驱动轴锁止装置100配合在左后轮Z2和右后轮Y2中,而且第三电动发电机D3与该驱动轴锁止装置100的第一驱动轴20传动,第四电动发电机D4与该驱动轴锁止装置100的第二驱动轴30传动。
下面以图1且结合图4中示出的具体实施例,详细描述根据本发明实施例的驱动轴锁止 装置100的工作过程和原理。
在车辆正常直线行驶时,第一电动发电机D1和第二电动发电机D2分别单独工作,车辆的控制器可以控制第一电动发电机D1和第二电动发电机D2同向且同速工作,这样左前轮Z1和右前轮Y1可以同速且同向转动。
在车辆正常转弯行驶时,控制器可以控制第一电动发电机D1和第二电动发电机D2同向且不同转速工作,例如,左转弯时,第一电动发电机D1的转速可以小于第二电动发电机D2的转速,可以使得右前轮Y1的转速大于左前轮Z1的转速,实现左转弯。
在上述的车辆正常直线行驶和车辆正常转弯行驶的过程中,在弹性装置70的作用下,驱动轴锁止装置100中的驱动针51的一端处于随动部521的驱动面523的最低点处,此时,驱动针51与随动部521处于同步转动状态。
当车辆受困打滑时,驾驶员控制电磁制动器通电工作,制动架制动制动件,这样制动件的转速受到抑制,驱动针51和制动件之间产生转速差,驱动针51在制动件的驱动面523上滑动,驱动针51可以从驱动面523的最低点滑动至最高点或者邻近最高点的位置,驱动针51向第一接合部41的一侧轴向移动,从而驱动针51还可以驱动第一接合部41逐渐靠近第二接合部42,直至第一接合部41和第二接合部42接合,此时,第一驱动轴20和第二驱动轴30同步转动,从而可以提高车辆的脱困能力。
当车辆脱困后,驾驶员可以再次按动电磁制动器,电磁制动器断电,弹性装置向远离第二接合部42的方向轴向移动,在此过程中,驱动针51随第一接合部41轴向移动,驱动针51与驱动面523配合的一端可以从最高点或者邻近最高点的位置逐渐滑动至最低点,此时,第二接合部42和第一接合部41完全分离,车辆可以按照上述的车辆正常直线行驶和车辆正常转弯行驶方式继续行驶。
根据本发明实施例的车辆,包括上述实施例的动力驱动系统1000。
在本说明书的描述中,参考术语“一个实施例”、“一些实施例”、“示例”、“具体示例”、或“一些示例”等的描述意指结合该实施例或示例描述的具体特征、结构、材料或者特点包含于本发明的至少一个实施例或示例中。在本说明书中,对上述术语的示意性表述并非必须针对相同的实施例或示例。而且,描述的具体特征、结构、材料或者特点可以在任一个或多个实施例或示例中以合适的方式结合。此外,在不相互矛盾的情况下,本领域的技术人员可以将本说明书中描述的不同实施例或示例以及不同实施例或示例的特征进行结合和组合。
尽管上面已经示出和描述了本发明的实施例,可以理解的是,上述实施例是示例性的,不能理解为对本发明的限制,本领域的普通技术人员在本发明的范围内可以对上述实施例进行变化、修改、替换和变型。

Claims (20)

  1. 一种用于车辆的驱动轴锁止装置,其特征在于,包括:
    行星齿轮机构,所述行星齿轮机构包括太阳轮、行星轮、行星架和齿圈;
    第一驱动轴、第二驱动轴和动力接合装置,所述动力接合装置包括第一接合部和第二接合部,其中所述行星架分别与所述第一驱动轴和所述第一接合部相连,以使所述行星架、所述第一驱动轴和所述第一接合部同步转动,并且所述第一接合部相对于所述第一驱动轴可沿轴向移动,所述第二驱动轴分别与所述太阳轮和所述第二接合部相连,以使所述第二驱动轴、所述第二接合部和所述太阳轮同步转动;
    接合部驱动装置,所述接合部驱动装置包括:驱动针和驱动部,所述驱动针设置成可随所述齿圈绕所述太阳轮的中心轴线转动且可相对于所述齿圈轴向移动,所述驱动针的两端分别与所述驱动部和所述第一接合部配合,所述驱动部设置成用于驱动所述驱动针带动所述第一接合部沿所述轴向向靠近所述第二接合部的方向移动,从而使所述第一接合部接合所述第二接合部。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的用于车辆的驱动轴锁止装置,其特征在于,所述行星架为两个且分别设置在所述太阳轮的两侧。
  3. 根据权利要求2所述的用于车辆的驱动轴锁止装置,其特征在于,两个所述行星架分为轴向固定行星架和轴向移动行星架,所述轴向固定行星架与所述第一驱动轴固定,所述轴向移动行星架相对于所述轴向固定行星架可沿轴向移动,所述轴向移动行星架与所述第一接合部固定。
  4. 根据权利要求3所述的用于车辆的驱动轴锁止装置,其特征在于,所述行星轮具有行星轮轴,所述行星轮轴分别与所述轴向固定行星架和所述轴向移动行星架相连,其中所述行星轮轴与所述轴向移动行星架为滑动连接。
  5. 根据权利要求1至4中任意一项所述的用于车辆的驱动轴锁止装置,其特征在于,所述齿圈上设置有驱动针轴向槽,所述驱动针可滑动地设置在所述驱动针轴向槽内。
  6. 根据权利要求1至5中任意一项所述的用于车辆的驱动轴锁止装置,其特征在于,还包括:弹性装置,所述弹性装置弹性地设置在所述第一接合部与所述第二接合部之间,以使所述第一接合部具有向远离所述第一接合部的方向运动的趋势。
  7. 根据权利要求1至6中任意一项所述的用于车辆的驱动轴锁止装置,其特征在于,所述驱动部包括:
    随动部,所述随动部可随所述驱动针转动,并且所述随动部可被制动,所述随动部上设置有驱动面,所述随动部被制动时通过所述驱动针在所述驱动面上的滑动而使所述驱动面驱动所述驱动针沿所述轴向移动,以使所述第一接合部接合所述第二接合部。
  8. 根据权利要求7所述的用于车辆的驱动轴锁止装置,其特征在于,所述驱动部还包括:
    制动部,所述制动部设置成用于制动所述随动部。
  9. 根据权利要求8所述的用于车辆的驱动轴锁止装置,其特征在于,所述制动部设置成利用电磁力制动所述随动部。
  10. 根据权利要求9所述的用于车辆的驱动轴锁止装置,其特征在于,所述驱动部为电磁制动器,所述随动部构成所述电磁制动器的制动件,所述制动部构成所述电磁制动器的制动架。
  11. 根据权利要求7至10中任意一项所述的用于车辆的驱动轴锁止装置,其特征在于,所述随动部空套在所述第一驱动轴上。
  12. 根据权利要求7至10中任意一项所述的用于车辆的驱动轴锁止装置,其特征在于,所述驱动面为斜面或曲面。
  13. 根据权利要求7至10中任意一项所述的用于车辆的驱动轴锁止装置,其特征在于,所述驱动面包括:第一段和第二段,所述第一段和所述第二段相连,所述第一段和所述第二段的连接处为最低点,所述第一段和所述第二段的远离所述连接处的另一端为最高点。
  14. 根据权利要求13所述的用于车辆的驱动轴锁止装置,其特征在于,所述随动部包括:随动部本体和设置在所述随动部本体上的环形的随动部凸缘,所述随动部凸缘的朝向所述驱动针的端面上设置有所述驱动面。
  15. 根据权利要求7至10中任意一项所述的用于车辆的驱动轴锁止装置,其特征在于,所述驱动面上设置有驱动面限位槽,所述驱动针的一端位于所述驱动面限位槽内。
  16. 根据权利要求1至15中任意一项所述的用于车辆的驱动轴锁止装置,其特征在于,所述第一接合部空套在所述第二驱动轴上。
  17. 根据权利要求1至16中任意一项所述的用于车辆的驱动轴锁止装置,其特征在于,所述第一接合部具有多个沿周向分布的第一接合牙,所述第二接合部具有多个沿周向分布的第二接合牙。
  18. 根据权利要求1至17中任意一项所述的用于车辆的驱动轴锁止装置,其特征在于,所述驱动针与所述第一接合部贴合配合。
  19. 一种动力驱动系统,其特征在于,包括:
    根据权利要求1-18中任一项所述的用于车辆的驱动轴锁止装置;
    第一电动发电机,所述第一电动发电机与所述第一驱动轴传动且将动力输出至一对车轮中的一个;
    第二电动发电机,所述第二电动发电机与所述第二驱动轴传动且将动力输出至一对车轮 中的另一个。
  20. 一种车辆,其特征在于,包括根据权利要求19所述的动力驱动系统。
PCT/CN2017/116619 2016-12-27 2017-12-15 驱动轴锁止装置以及动力驱动系统和车辆 WO2018121299A1 (zh)

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EP17886050.8A EP3553343A4 (en) 2016-12-27 2017-12-15 DRIVE SHAFT LOCKING DEVICE, ELECTRIC DRIVE SYSTEM, AND VEHICLE
US16/474,430 US20190346032A1 (en) 2016-12-27 2017-12-15 Driving shaft lock-up device, power driving system, and vehicle

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EP3553343A1 (en) 2019-10-16

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