WO2018113284A1 - 肛门括约肌图像处理方法及装置、超声设备 - Google Patents

肛门括约肌图像处理方法及装置、超声设备 Download PDF

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WO2018113284A1
WO2018113284A1 PCT/CN2017/093472 CN2017093472W WO2018113284A1 WO 2018113284 A1 WO2018113284 A1 WO 2018113284A1 CN 2017093472 W CN2017093472 W CN 2017093472W WO 2018113284 A1 WO2018113284 A1 WO 2018113284A1
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anal
sphincter
region
image
external
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PCT/CN2017/093472
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English (en)
French (fr)
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李萍
唐艳红
党静
田秋芳
许龙
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深圳开立生物医疗科技股份有限公司
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Publication of WO2018113284A1 publication Critical patent/WO2018113284A1/zh

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    • G—PHYSICS
    • G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
    • G06T—IMAGE DATA PROCESSING OR GENERATION, IN GENERAL
    • G06T7/00—Image analysis
    • G06T7/0002—Inspection of images, e.g. flaw detection
    • G06T7/0012—Biomedical image inspection
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
    • G06T—IMAGE DATA PROCESSING OR GENERATION, IN GENERAL
    • G06T2207/00—Indexing scheme for image analysis or image enhancement
    • G06T2207/10—Image acquisition modality
    • G06T2207/10132—Ultrasound image
    • G06T2207/10136—3D ultrasound image
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
    • G06T—IMAGE DATA PROCESSING OR GENERATION, IN GENERAL
    • G06T2207/00—Indexing scheme for image analysis or image enhancement
    • G06T2207/20—Special algorithmic details
    • G06T2207/20004—Adaptive image processing
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
    • G06T—IMAGE DATA PROCESSING OR GENERATION, IN GENERAL
    • G06T2207/00—Indexing scheme for image analysis or image enhancement
    • G06T2207/30—Subject of image; Context of image processing
    • G06T2207/30004—Biomedical image processing

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  • Embodiments of the present invention relate to the technical field of an ultrasound apparatus, and in particular, to an anal sphincter image processing method and apparatus, and an ultrasound apparatus.
  • Three-dimensional ultrasound examination has the advantages of good repeatability, no radiation, low cost, etc. It is an effective way to evaluate the function of pelvic floor.
  • the anal sphincter injury is detected on the multi-dimensional ultrasound multi-plane.
  • multiple arrangements are used, and the imaging range is from above the anal external sphincter to below the anal sphincter. Since each image area is small, it is not only unfavorable for user identification, but also does not guarantee the accuracy of manual measurement. If the identification and measurement are performed in a single plane or in an enlarged state on a multi-plane, it is necessary to perform multiple state switching on multiple images, which makes the operation more complicated.
  • the purpose of the embodiments of the present invention is to provide an anal sphincter image processing method and apparatus, and an ultrasonic device capable of automatically and accurately recognizing the internal and external sphincters of the anus.
  • the embodiment of the present invention adopts the following technical solutions:
  • an anal sphincter image processing method comprising:
  • the anal internal sphincter region and the external anal sphincter region in each of the cut images are identified based on the acoustic features of the anal sphincter.
  • the step of identifying an anal internal sphincter region in each of the facet images according to the sonographic features of the anal sphincter comprises:
  • the binarized processed cut image is sequentially subjected to etching and expansion treatment to obtain the anal internal sphincter region.
  • the step of identifying an anal external sphincter region in each of the facet images according to the sonographic features of the anal sphincter comprises:
  • the binarized image is subjected to an expansion corrosion treatment to obtain the anal external sphincter region.
  • an anal sphincter image processing apparatus comprising:
  • a multi-plane imaging module configured to perform multi-plane imaging on the three-dimensional volume data to obtain a multi-frame cut surface image
  • An identification module for automatically identifying an anal internal sphincter region and an anal external sphincter region in each of the facet images according to the acoustic features of the anal sphincter.
  • an ultrasound apparatus comprising:
  • An image acquisition module which acquires three-dimensional volume data of the examinee in an anorectal state
  • the image processing module is configured to perform multi-plane imaging on the three-dimensional volume data to obtain a multi-frame cut surface image; and identify an anal internal sphincter region and an anal external sphincter region in each frame cut image according to the acoustic image characteristics of the anal sphincter.
  • the method further includes:
  • a measuring module for measuring a damage parameter according to the anal internal muscular region and the external anal sphincter region.
  • the image processing module is further configured to: extract a region of interest from the sliced image, the region of interest comprising an anal canal, an anal internal sphincter, and an external anal sphincter; The value is binarized to the slice image in the region of interest; the sliced image after the binarization process is sequentially subjected to etching and expansion treatment to obtain the anal internal sphincter region.
  • the image processing module is further configured to: perform contrast processing on a predetermined range of image regions of the intra-sphincter region of the anus to obtain a processed image; and perform the processed image according to an adaptive threshold Binarization processing; performing an expansion corrosion treatment on the binarized image to obtain the anal external sphincter region.
  • the image processing module is further configured to determine that the anal sphincter has damage when there is a continuity interruption in the anal internal sphincter region and/or the external anal sphincter region.
  • the method further includes: an annotation module;
  • the measuring module is further configured to measure a damage angle and a damage length formed by the damaged portion and the center of the anal canal, wherein the damage length comprises a product of the number of cut surfaces and the slice spacing;
  • the annotation module is configured to mark an anal sphincter injury site on the cut image.
  • the measurement module is further configured to:
  • the length of the lesion is determined based on the number of sections of the lesion and the spacing of the sections.
  • the above-mentioned anal sphincter image processing method and device, and an ultrasonic device obtain three-dimensional volume data of an examinee in an anorectal state; and perform multi-plane imaging on a three-dimensional volume data to obtain a multi-frame cut surface image; according to the acoustic image characteristics of the anal sphincter
  • the anal internal sphincter region and the external anal sphincter region in each of the facet images are identified.
  • the above anal sphincter image processing method and device, and the ultrasonic device can quickly and accurately identify the morphology of the internal and external sphincters of the anus.
  • FIG. 1 is a structural block diagram of an ultrasound apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic flow chart of an anal sphincter image processing method according to an embodiment of the present invention
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of a region of interest provided by an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 4 is a flow chart of identifying an anal internal sphincter region according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 5 is a flowchart of identifying an anal external sphincter region according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 6 is a structural block diagram of an ultrasound apparatus according to another embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram of a damage angle according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 8 is a schematic structural diagram of an anal sphincter image processing apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • the system 100 includes a transmitter 102 that transmits an ultrasound signal to an object based on a driving signal applied from the ultrasound transmitter 102, and the receiver 106 receives ultrasound reflected from the object. Echo signal.
  • the probe 104 can include a plurality of transducers that vibrate based on electrical signals sent to the probe 104 and generate ultrasonic waves, i.e., acoustic energy. Additionally, the probe 104 can be connected to the body of the ultrasound apparatus 100 either wired or wirelessly. It should be noted that the ultrasound apparatus 100 may include a plurality of probes 104.
  • the probe 104 can include a one-dimensional (1D) probe, a 1.5D probe, At least one of a matrix (2D) probe, a three-dimensional (3D) probe, and a four-dimensional (4D) probe.
  • Receiver 106 transmits the received ultrasonic echo signals to beamformer 108.
  • the beam synthesizer 108 beam combines the echo signals and generates an RF signal, which is then sent to the RF processor 110.
  • the RF signal processor 110 may internally include a demodulator (not shown) that demodulates the RF signal into the form of an IQ signal pair.
  • the ultrasound apparatus 100 also includes a processor 112 that includes an image acquisition module 114, an image processing module 116, and a measurement module 118.
  • the image acquisition module 114 is configured to acquire signal data, for example, an RF signal or an IQ signal pair, and three-dimensional volume data of the examinee and the like.
  • the image processing module 116 is configured to perform image processing on the three-dimensional volume data to obtain an anal internal sphincter region and an anal external sphincter region.
  • the measurement module 118 is configured to measure the processing results of the image processing module 116.
  • the ultrasound apparatus 100 also includes a display 120 that can display information processed in the ultrasound apparatus 100.
  • the display 120 can display an ultrasound image, and the display 120 can also display a partial area of the ultrasound image.
  • display 120 can display a multi-section image in a predetermined pattern.
  • the ultrasonic device 100 further includes other components, which are known to those skilled in the art and will not be described herein.
  • the processor 3 processes the input three-dimensional volume data to automatically and accurately acquire the morphology of the internal and external sphincters of the anus.
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic flowchart diagram of an anal sphincter image processing method according to an embodiment of the present invention. As shown in Figure 2, the method includes:
  • Step 201 Acquire three-dimensional volume data of the examinee in the state of contraction.
  • a three-dimensional volume probe is used, placed in the perineal area of the examinee, the sound beam is tilted toward the anal canal, and the volume of the three-dimensional anal sphincter volume is obtained in the anorectal state.
  • the anal canal is slightly narrowed, but the star's mucosa does not change substantially, and the anal sphincter shows more clearly.
  • Step 202 Perform multi-plane imaging on the three-dimensional volume data to obtain a multi-frame cut surface image.
  • the multi-virtual slice extraction of the coronal plane is performed on the three-dimensional volume data acquired in the above step 101, and the imaging range is from above the external anal sphincter to below the anal internal sphincter.
  • the format of the multi-frame cut surface after the extraction may be 3*3 or 4*4, which is not specifically limited herein.
  • the section spacing is usually 2.5mm, and the longer the anal canal can increase the section spacing.
  • Step 203 identifying an anal internal sphincter region and an anal external sphincter region in each of the cut images according to the sonographic features of the anal sphincter.
  • the anal sphincter includes the anal internal sphincter and the external anal sphincter.
  • the anal canal is closed in the empty state, the anal internal sphincter shows a ring-shaped hypoechoic area, and the external anal sphincter appears as a high echo structure surrounding the internal sphincter, the internal star The high echo area of the shape is the anal canal mucosa.
  • the anal internal and external sphincter morphology in the ROI of the region of interest on each cut image is identified and extracted, that is, the intra-sphincter sphincter region and the external anal sphincter region.
  • the anal sphincter image processing method of the above embodiment obtains the three-dimensional volume data of the examinee in the contraction state; the multi-plane image is obtained by multi-plane imaging of the three-dimensional volume data; and the acoustic image characteristics of the anal sphincter are used to identify each The anal internal sphincter region and the external anal sphincter region in the frame cut image.
  • the anal sphincter image processing method described above can quickly and accurately recognize the morphology of the internal and external sphincters of the anus.
  • the step of identifying an anal internal sphincter region in each of the facet images according to the sonographic features of the anal sphincter includes:
  • Step 402 extracting a region of interest from the sliced image, the region of interest comprising an anal canal, an anal internal sphincter, and an external anal sphincter.
  • a rectangular region of interest is extracted from each frame of the slice image, and the region of interest includes an anal canal, an anal internal sphincter, an external anal sphincter, and some other tissues. Since the anal internal sphincter appears as a ring-shaped hypoechoic region, the anal internal sphincter boundary structure can be defined as a circular-like structure.
  • the circle detection algorithm is implemented by the Hough gradient method, and the position of the center point of the anal canal is calculated by a circular structure, and then the distance R between the position of the center of the circle and the position of the initial wave of the probe in the section is calculated. Finally, the center point of the rectangle is the center, the length and height are both 2R, and the region of interest is extracted in the slice.
  • Step 404 Perform binarization processing on the slice image in the region of interest according to the adaptive threshold.
  • the region of interest may be binarized using a preset threshold (experimentally obtained as a general setting of 50).
  • the image pixels below the threshold are set to 255, and the image pixels above the threshold portion are set to zero.
  • step 406 the binarized image after the binarization process is sequentially subjected to corrosion and expansion treatment to obtain an anal internal sphincter region.
  • the binarized image is first etched and then expanded, so that the region of the annular anal sphincter can be obtained.
  • the anal internal sphincter region can be accurately and quickly obtained.
  • the step of identifying an anal external sphincter region in each of the facet images according to the sonographic features of the anal sphincter includes:
  • Step 502 performing contrast processing on the image area of the predetermined range of the anal sphincter region to obtain the processed image.
  • the predetermined range refers to the periphery of the internal sphincter of the anus
  • the radius is a range of about 2 times the outer diameter of the anal canal to the outer diameter of the annular anal sphincter.
  • Step 504 Perform binarization processing on the processed image according to the adaptive threshold.
  • the image around the anal internal sphincter is binarized using an adaptive threshold such that the portion above the preset threshold is 255 and the portion below the preset threshold is zero.
  • Step 506 performing an expansion corrosion treatment on the binarized image to obtain an anal external sphincter region.
  • the anal external sphincter region can be accurately and quickly obtained.
  • processor 112 also includes a measurement module 118.
  • the measurement module 118 can measure according to the anal internal sphincter region and the external anal sphincter region obtained in the above embodiment, and when there is a continuous interruption of the anal internal sphincter region and/or the external anal sphincter region, it is determined that the anal sphincter has damage.
  • the measurement module 118 is also used to measure the angle and length of the injury when there is damage to the anal sphincter.
  • the process by which measurement module 118 measures damage angle and damage length includes:
  • the annular anal sphincter (low echo) area is divided into N equal parts (determined according to the degree of damage, 48 equal parts are recommended, 4 times higher than the clock face 12 points), and N is equally divided. Pixel The point is counted, and the first average value is calculated. When the first average value is greater than the first preset threshold value, the continuous internal sphincter muscle is considered to be interrupted, and the damage position is recorded, that is, the corresponding pixel point is taken as the first interruption point.
  • the annular anal external sphincter (high echo) area is divided into N equal parts (determined according to the degree of damage, 48 aliquots are recommended, which is 4 times higher than the clock aliquot), and the pixels on the N aliquot are counted.
  • the second average value is calculated. When the second average value is less than the second predetermined threshold value, the continuity of the external anal sphincter is considered to be interrupted, and the damage position is recorded, that is, the corresponding pixel point is taken as the second interruption point. As shown in FIG. 4, the angle Q between the first interruption point and the second interruption point and the line of the anal canal, that is, the angle of damage.
  • the above method is used to process each sliced image to determine the number of damaged slices.
  • the processor 112 further includes an annotation module 122.
  • the annotation module 122 marks the anal sphincter injury site on the cut image according to the damage calculation result, and the mark may adopt a pattern such as a small five-pointed star, an arrow or a triangle.
  • the measurement results are displayed on the corresponding cut image on the display 120, including the damage site, the damage angle, and the damage length.
  • an anal sphincter image processing apparatus 800 is also proposed, the apparatus 800 comprising:
  • the obtaining module 802 is configured to acquire three-dimensional volume data of the examinee in the contracted state.
  • the multi-plane imaging module 804 is configured to perform multi-plane imaging on the three-dimensional volume data to obtain a multi-frame cut image.
  • the identification module 806 is configured to identify an anal internal sphincter region and an anal external sphincter region in each frame cut image according to the sonographic features of the anal sphincter.
  • the anal sphincter image processing apparatus 800 of the present embodiment is used to implement the aforementioned anal sphincter image processing method, and thus the specific embodiment in the anal sphincter image processing apparatus 800 can be seen as an embodiment of the anal sphincter image processing method in the foregoing, for example, obtaining
  • the module 802, the multi-plane imaging module 804, and the identification module 806 are respectively used to implement the steps 101, 102, and 103 in the above-described three-dimensional pelvic floor ultrasound image processing method. Therefore, the specific implementation manners may refer to the descriptions of the respective partial embodiments. This will not be repeated here.

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Abstract

本发明公开了一种肛门括约肌图像处理方法及装置、超声设备，该方法包括：获取被检查者在缩肛状态下的三维容积数据；通过对三维容积数据进行多平面成像，得到多帧切面图像；根据肛门括约肌的声像学特征识别每帧切面图像中的肛门内括约肌区域和肛门外括约肌区域。上述的肛门括约肌图像处理方法及装置、超声设备，能够快速、准确地识别出肛门内、外括约肌的形态。

Description

肛门括约肌图像处理方法及装置、超声设备
本申请要求于2016年12月12日提交中国专利局、申请号为201611196989.3、发明名称为“肛门括约肌图像处理方法及装置、超声设备”的中国专利申请的优先权，其全部内容通过引用结合在本申请中。
技术领域
本发明实施例涉及超声设备的技术领域，尤其涉及一种肛门括约肌图像处理方法及装置、超声设备。
背景技术
三维超声检查具有重复性好、无辐射、成本低等优势，是目前评估盆底功能的有效途径。在三维超声多平面上检测肛门括约肌损伤，一般采用多幅排布的方式，成像范围从肛门外括约肌上方到肛门内括约肌下方。由于每幅图像区较小，不仅不利于用户识别，而且不能保证手动测量的准确性。若在多平面上采用单幅或放大状态下进行识别及测量，则需要对多幅图像进行多次状态切换，使得操作更加繁琐。
发明内容
本发明实施例的目的在于提出及一种肛门括约肌图像处理方法及装置、超声设备，其能够自动、准确地识别肛门内、外括约肌。
为达此目的，本发明实施例采用以下技术方案：
在一个实施例中，提出一种肛门括约肌图像处理方法，包括：
获取被检查者在缩肛状态下的三维容积数据；
对所述三维容积数据进行多平面成像，得到多帧切面图像；
根据肛门括约肌的声像学特征识别每帧切面图像中的肛门内括约肌区域和肛门外括约肌区域。
在一个实施例中，所述根据肛门括约肌的声像学特征识别每帧切面图像中的肛门内括约肌区域的步骤包括：
从切面图像中提取感兴趣区域，所述感兴趣区域包含肛管、肛门内括约肌和肛门外括约肌；
根据自适应阈值对所述感兴趣区域内的切面图像进行二值化处理；
对所述二值化处理后的切面图像依次进行腐蚀和膨胀处理，以获得所述肛门内括约肌区域。
在一个实施例中，所述根据肛门括约肌的声像学特征识别每帧切面图像中的肛门外括约肌区域的步骤包括：
对所述肛门内括约肌区域预定范围的图像区域进行对比度处理，以获取处理后的图像；
根据自适应阈值对所述处理后的图像进行二值化处理；
对二值化处理后的图像进行膨胀腐蚀处理，获得所述肛门外括约肌区域。
在一个实施例中，提出一种肛门括约肌图像处理装置，包括：
获取模块，用于获取被检查者在缩肛状态下的三维容积数据；
多平面成像模块，用于对所述三维容积数据进行多平面成像，得到多帧切面图像；
识别模块，用于根据肛门括约肌的声像学特征自动识别每帧切面图像中的肛门内括约肌区域和肛门外括约肌区域。
在一个实施例中，提出一种超声设备，包括：
图像获取模块，获取被检查者在缩肛状态下的三维容积数据；
图像处理模块，用于对所述三维容积数据进行多平面成像，得到多帧切面图像；并根据肛门括约肌的声像学特征识别每帧切面图像中的肛门内括约肌区域和肛门外括约肌区域。
在一个实施例中，还包括：
测量模块，用于根据所述肛门内约肌区域和所述肛门外括约肌区域测量损伤参数。
在一个实施例中，所述图像处理模块还用于：从切面图像中提取感兴趣区域，所述感兴趣区域包含肛管、肛门内括约肌和肛门外括约肌；根据自适应阈 值对所述感兴趣区域内的切面图像进行二值化处理；对所述二值化处理后的切面图像依次进行腐蚀和膨胀处理，以获得所述肛门内括约肌区域。
在一个实施例中，所述图像处理模块还用于：对所述肛门内括约肌区域预定范围的图像区域进行对比度处理，以获取处理后的图像；根据自适应阈值对所述处理后的图像进行二值化处理；对二值化处理后的图像进行膨胀腐蚀处理，获得所述肛门外括约肌区域。
在一个实施例中，所述图像处理模块还用于：当所述肛门内括约肌区域和/或肛门外括约肌区域存在连续性中断时，判定所述肛门括约肌存在损伤。
在一个实施例中，还包括：注释模块；
所述测量模块还用于，测量损伤部位与肛管中心所成的损伤夹角和损伤长度，所述损伤长度包括损伤的切面数量与切片间距的乘积；
所述注释模块，用于对所述切面图像上的肛门括约肌损伤部位进行标记。
在一个实施例中，所述测量模块还用于：
将所述肛门内括约肌区域划分成N等分，对N等分上的像素点进行统计并计算第一平均值，当所述第一平均值大于预设第一预设阈值时，则确定所述肛门内括约肌连续性中断，将对应的像素点作为第一中断点；
将所述肛门外括约肌区域划分成N等分，对N等分上的像素点进行统计并计算第二平均值，当所述第二平均值小于预设第二预设阈值时，则确定所述肛门外括约肌连续性中断，将对应的像素点作为第二中断点；
根据所述第一中断点、所述第二中断点与肛管中心所成直线的夹角Q确定损伤角度；
根据损伤的切面数量和切片间距确定损伤长度。
上述肛门括约肌图像处理方法及装置、超声设备，获取被检查者在缩肛状态下的三维容积数据；通过对三维容积数据进行多平面成像，得到多帧切面图像；根据肛门括约肌的声像学特征识别每帧切面图像中的肛门内括约肌区域和肛门外括约肌区域。上述肛门括约肌图像处理方法及装置、超声设备能够快速、准确地识别出肛门内、外括约肌的形态。
附图说明
为了更清楚地说明本发明实施例或现有技术中的技术方案，下面将对实施例或现有技术描述中所需要使用的附图作简单地介绍，显而易见地，下面描述中的附图仅仅是本发明的一些实施例，对于本领域普通技术人员来讲，在不付出创造性劳动的前提下，还可以根据这些附图获得其他的附图。
图1是本发明实施例提供的一个实施例的超声设备的结构框图；
图2是本发明实施例提供的一个实施例的肛门括约肌图像处理方法的流程示意图；
图3是本发明实施例提供的感兴趣区域示意图；
图4是本发明实施例提供的一个实施例的识别肛门内括约肌区域的流程图；
图5是本发明实施例提供的一个实施例的识别肛门外括约肌区域的流程图；
图6是本发明实施例提供的另一个实施例的超声设备的结构框图；
图7是本发明实施例提供的一个实施例的损伤角度示意图；
图8是本发明实施例提供的一个实施例的肛门括约肌图像处理装置的结构示意图。
具体实施方式
下面结合附图和实施例对本发明实施例作进一步的详细说明。可以理解的是，此处所描述的具体实施例仅仅用于解释本发明实施例，而非对本发明实施例的限定。另外还需要说明的是，为了便于描述，附图中仅示出了与本发明实施例相关的部分而非全部结构。
图1为本发明实施例的超声设备100的结构框图，系统100包括发射器102，探头104根据从超声发射器102施加的驱动信号将超声信号发射到对象，接收器106接收从对象反射的超声回波信号。探头104可包括多个换能器，多个换能器根据发送到探头104的电信号振动，并产生超声波，即，声能。另外，探头104可有线或者无线地连接到超声设备100的主体。需要说明的是，超声设备100可以包括多个探头104。探头104可包括一维(1D)探头、1.5D探头、 矩阵(2D)探头、三维(3D)探头和四维(4D)探头中的至少一个。
接收器106将接收到的超声回波信号发送到波束合成器108。波束合成器108对回波信号进行波束合成并生成RF信号，然后将RF信号发送至RF处理器110。RF信号处理器110内部可能包含一个解调器(图未示出)，解调器可将RF信号解调成IQ信号对的形式。
超声设备100还包括处理器112，处理器112包括图像获取模块114、图像处理模块116和测量模块118。图像获取模块114用于获取信号数据，例如，RF信号或者IQ信号对，以及被检查者的三维容积数据等。图像处理模块116用于对三维容积数据进行图像处理，以获取肛门内括约肌区域和肛门外括约肌区域。测量模块118用于对图像处理模块116的处理结果进行测量。
超声设备100还包括显示器120，显示器120可显示超声设备100中处理的信息。显示器120可以显示超声图像，显示器120还可显示超声图像的局部区域。例如，显示器120可以按照预定模式显示多切面图像。需要说明的是，超声设备100还包括其他组成元(器)件，这些组成元(器)件都是本领域普通技术人员可以获知的，在此不再赘述。
下面将介绍本发明实施例提供的一种肛门括约肌图像处理方法，其通过处理器112对输入的三维容积数据进行处理，能够自动、准确地获取肛门内、外括约肌的形态。
为使本发明实施例的目的、技术方案和优点更加清楚，下面将结合本发明实施例中的附图，对本发明实施例中的技术方案进行清楚、完整地描述，显然，所描述的实施例是本发明一部分实施例，而不是全部的实施例。基于本发明中的实施例，本领域普通技术人员在没有做出创造性劳动前提下所获得的所有其他实施例，都属于本发明保护的范围。
参考图2，图2是本发明实施例提供一种肛门括约肌图像处理方法的流程示意图。如图2所示，该方法包括：
步骤201，获取被检查者在缩肛状态下的三维容积数据。
采用三维容积探头，放置于被检查者会阴处，声束向肛管方向倾斜，在缩肛状态下获取三维肛门括约肌容积数据。在缩肛状态下，肛管会略微的缩窄，但星形的粘膜基本不变化，此时肛门括约肌显示的更加清晰。
步骤202，对三维容积数据进行多平面成像，得到多帧切面图像。
在本实施例中，对上述步骤101获取的三维容积数据进行冠状面的多虚拟切片提取，成像范围从肛门外括约肌上方到肛门内括约肌下方。提取后的多帧切面排布的格式可以为3*3，还可以为4*4，这里不作具体限定。切片间距通常采用2.5mm，肛管较长者可适当的增加切片间距。
步骤203，根据肛门括约肌的声像学特征识别每帧切面图像中的肛门内括约肌区域和肛门外括约肌区域。
肛门括约肌包括肛门内括约肌和肛门外括约肌。在超声图像上，如下图3所示，排空状态下的肛管闭合，肛门内括约肌表现为环状的低回声区，肛门外括约肌则表现为包绕着内括约肌的高回声结构，内部星形的高回声区为肛管黏膜。结合这些声像特征，识别并提取每帧切面图像上的感兴趣区域ROI内的肛门内、外括约肌形态，即门内括约肌区域、肛门外括约肌区域。
上述实施例的肛门括约肌图像处理方法，获取被检查者在缩肛状态下的三维容积数据；通过对三维容积数据进行多平面成像，得到多帧切面图像；根据肛门括约肌的声像学特征识别每帧切面图像中的肛门内括约肌区域和肛门外括约肌区域。上述的肛门括约肌图像处理方法能够快速、准确地识别出肛门内、外括约肌的形态。
在一个实施例中，如图4所示，根据肛门括约肌的声像学特征识别每帧切面图像中的肛门内括约肌区域的步骤包括：
步骤402，从切面图像中提取感兴趣区域，感兴趣区域包含肛管、肛门内括约肌和肛门外括约肌。
为了提高图像处理的效率，从每帧切面图像中提取出一个矩形感兴趣区域(ROI)，感兴趣区域包含肛管、肛门内括约肌、肛门外括约肌以及部分其它组织。由于肛门内括约肌表现为环状的低回声区，所以，可以将肛门内括约肌边界结构定义为了一个类似圆形状的结构。
在本实施例中，采用霍夫梯度法实现圆检测算法，由圆形的结构计算获得肛管中心点位置，然后计算圆心位置到切面内探头始波位置之间的距离R。最后以圆心为矩形的中心点，长度和高度均为2R，在切面内提取感兴趣区域。
步骤404，根据自适应阈值对感兴趣区域内的切面图像进行二值化处理。
在感兴趣区域内，可采用预设阈值(实验获得一般设置为50)对感兴趣区域进行二值化处理。低于阈值的图像像素设置为255，高于阈值部分的图像像素点设置为0。
步骤406，对二值化处理后的切面图像依次进行腐蚀和膨胀处理，以获得肛门内括约肌区域。
为滤除比较小的物体，对二值化图像先进行腐蚀处理再进行膨胀处理，这样就可以获得环状的肛门内括约肌所处区域。
通过上述方式，能够准确、快速地获取肛门内括约肌区域。
在一个实施例中，如图5所示，根据肛门括约肌的声像学特征识别每帧切面图像中的肛门外括约肌区域的步骤包括：
步骤502，对肛门内括约肌区域预定范围的图像区域进行对比度处理，以获取处理后的图像。
通过提高对比度，以突显肛门内括约肌区域外围部分像素的灰度值，以获取对比度处理后的图像。在本实施例中，预定范围是指肛门内括约肌外围，半径为肛管中心点到环形肛门内括约肌外径的约2倍的范围。
步骤504，根据自适应阈值对处理后的图像进行二值化处理。
在本实施例中，采用自适应阈值对所述肛门内括约肌周围的图像进行二值化处理，使得高于预设阈值的部分为255，低于所述预设阈值的部分为0。
步骤506，对二值化处理后的图像进行膨胀腐蚀处理，获得肛门外括约肌区域。
通过上述方式，能够准确、快速地获取肛门外括约肌区域。
在一个实施例中，如图6所示，处理器112还包括测量模块118。测量模块118能够根据上述实施例获取的肛门内括约肌区域和肛门外括约肌区域进行测量，当肛门内括约肌区域和/或肛门外括约肌区域存在连续性中断时，判定肛门括约肌存在损伤。
当该肛门括约肌存在损伤时，测量模块118还用于测量损伤角度及长度。
在一个实施例中，测量模块118测量损伤角度和损伤长度的过程包括：
如下图7所示，将环形的肛门内括约肌(低回声)区域划分成N等分(根据损伤程度判断，推荐48等分，比钟面十二等分高4倍)，对N等分上的像素 点进行统计，计算第一平均值，当第一平均值大于第一预设阈值时，认为肛门内括约肌连续性中断，记损伤位置，即将对应的像素点作为第一中断点。
同样地，将环形的肛门外括约肌(高回声)区域划分成N等分(根据损伤程度判断，推荐48等分，比钟表等分高4倍)，对N等分上的像素点进行统计，计算第二平均值，当第二平均值小于第二预设阈值时，认为肛门外括约肌连续性中断，记损伤位置，即将对应的像素点作为第二中断点。如图4所示，第一中断点和第二中断点与肛管中心所成直线的夹角Q，即损伤角度。
采用上述方法对每帧切面图像进行处理，判断损伤的切片数量，肛门括约肌损伤长度即为：损伤长度＝损伤的切面数量*切片间距。
进一步地，在一个实施例中，处理器112还包括注释模块122。注释模块122根据的损伤计算结果，对切面图像上肛门括约肌损伤部位进行标记，标记可采用小五角星、箭头或三角形等图案。同时在显示器120上相应的切面图像中显示测量的结果，包括损伤部位、损伤角度、损伤长度。
在一个实施例中，如图8所示，还提出一种肛门括约肌图像处理装置800，该装置800包括：
获取模块802，用于获取被检查者在缩肛状态下的三维容积数据。
多平面成像模块804，用于对三维容积数据进行多平面成像，得到多帧切面图像。
识别模块806，用于根据肛门括约肌的声像学特征识别每帧切面图像中的肛门内括约肌区域和肛门外括约肌区域。
本实施例的肛门括约肌图像处理装置800用于实现前述的肛门括约肌图像处理方法，因此肛门括约肌图像处理装置800中的具体实施方式可见前文中的肛门括约肌图像处理方法的实施例部分，例如，获取模块802、多平面成像模块804、识别模块806，分别用于实现上述三维盆底超声图像处理方法中步骤101，102，103所以，其具体实施方式可以参照相应的各个部分实施例的描述，在此不再赘述。
以上结合具体实施例描述了本发明实施例的技术原理。这些描述只是为了解释本发明实施例的原理，而不能以任何方式解释为对本发明实施例保护范围的限制。基于此处的解释，本领域的技术人员不需要付出创造性的劳动即可联 想到本发明实施例的其它具体实施方式，这些方式都将落入本发明实施例的保护范围之内。

Claims (10)

  1. 一种肛门括约肌图像处理方法，其特征在于，包括：
    获取被检查者在缩肛状态下的三维容积数据；
    对所述三维容积数据进行多平面成像，得到多帧切面图像；
    根据肛门括约肌的声像学特征识别每帧切面图像中的肛门内括约肌区域和肛门外括约肌区域。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的方法，其特征在于，所述根据肛门括约肌的声像学特征识别每帧切面图像中的肛门内括约肌区域的步骤包括：
    从切面图像中提取感兴趣区域，所述感兴趣区域包含肛管、肛门内括约肌和肛门外括约肌；
    根据自适应阈值对所述感兴趣区域内的切面图像进行二值化处理；
    对所述二值化处理后的切面图像依次进行腐蚀和膨胀处理，以获得所述肛门内括约肌区域。
  3. 根据权利要求1或2所述的方法，其特征在于，所述根据肛门括约肌的声像学特征识别每帧切面图像中的肛门外括约肌区域的步骤包括：
    对所述肛门内括约肌区域预定范围的图像区域进行对比度处理，以获取处理后的图像；
    根据自适应阈值对所述处理后的图像进行二值化处理；
    对二值化处理后的图像进行膨胀腐蚀处理，获得所述肛门外括约肌区域。
  4. 一种超声设备，其特征在于，包括：
    图像获取模块，获取被检查者在缩肛状态下的三维容积数据；
    图像处理模块，用于对所述三维容积数据进行多平面成像，得到多帧切面图像；并根据肛门括约肌的声像学特征识别每帧切面图像中的肛门内括约肌区域和肛门外括约肌区域。
  5. 根据权利要求4所述的超声设备，其特征在于，还包括：
    测量模块，用于根据所述肛门内约肌区域和所述肛门外括约肌区域测量损伤参数。
  6. 根据权利要求4所述的超声设备，其特征在于，所述图像处理模块还 用于：从切面图像中提取感兴趣区域，所述感兴趣区域包含肛管、肛门内括约肌和肛门外括约肌；根据自适应阈值对所述感兴趣区域内的切面图像进行二值化处理；对所述二值化处理后的切面图像依次进行腐蚀和膨胀处理，以获得所述肛门内括约肌区域。
  7. 根据权利要求4或6所述的超声设备，其特征在于，所述图像处理模块还用于：对所述肛门内括约肌区域预定范围的图像区域进行对比度处理，以获取处理后的图像；根据自适应阈值对所述处理后的图像进行二值化处理；对二值化处理后的图像进行膨胀腐蚀处理，获得所述肛门外括约肌区域。
  8. 根据权利要求4所述的超声设备，其特征在于，所述图像处理模块还用于：当所述肛门内括约肌区域和/或肛门外括约肌区域存在连续性中断时，判定所述肛门括约肌存在损伤。
  9. 根据权利要求8所述的超声设备，其特征在于，还包括：注释模块；所述测量模块还用于，测量损伤部位与肛管中心所成的损伤夹角和损伤长度，所述损伤长度包括损伤的切面数量与切片间距的乘积；
    所述注释模块，用于对所述切面图像上的肛门括约肌损伤部位进行标记。
  10. 根据权利要求8所述的超声设备，其特征在于，所述测量模块还用于：
    将所述肛门内括约肌区域划分成N等分，对N等分上的像素点进行统计并计算第一平均值，当所述第一平均值大于预设第一预设阈值时，则确定所述肛门内括约肌连续性中断，将对应的像素点作为第一中断点；
    将所述肛门外括约肌区域划分成N等分，对N等分上的像素点进行统计并计算第二平均值，当所述第二平均值小于预设第二预设阈值时，则确定所述肛门外括约肌连续性中断，将对应的像素点作为第二中断点；
    根据所述第一中断点、所述第二中断点与肛管中心所成直线的夹角Q确定损伤角度；
    根据损伤的切面数量和切片间距确定损伤长度。
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