WO2018113103A1 - 生物特征辨识装置 - Google Patents

生物特征辨识装置 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2018113103A1
WO2018113103A1 PCT/CN2017/076324 CN2017076324W WO2018113103A1 WO 2018113103 A1 WO2018113103 A1 WO 2018113103A1 CN 2017076324 W CN2017076324 W CN 2017076324W WO 2018113103 A1 WO2018113103 A1 WO 2018113103A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
light
openings
collimator
absorbing layer
image capturing
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/CN2017/076324
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
王炯翰
Original Assignee
创智能科技股份有限公司
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Publication date
Application filed by 创智能科技股份有限公司 filed Critical 创智能科技股份有限公司
Publication of WO2018113103A1 publication Critical patent/WO2018113103A1/zh

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    • G—PHYSICS
    • G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
    • G06V—IMAGE OR VIDEO RECOGNITION OR UNDERSTANDING
    • G06V40/00—Recognition of biometric, human-related or animal-related patterns in image or video data
    • G06V40/10—Human or animal bodies, e.g. vehicle occupants or pedestrians; Body parts, e.g. hands
    • G06V40/12—Fingerprints or palmprints
    • G06V40/13—Sensors therefor
    • G06V40/1318—Sensors therefor using electro-optical elements or layers, e.g. electroluminescent sensing
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
    • G06F—ELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
    • G06F18/00—Pattern recognition

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a biometric identification device.
  • the types of biometrics include face, sound, iris, retina, vein, fingerprint, and palmprint recognition. Since each person's fingerprint is unique and the fingerprint is not easy to change with age or physical health, the fingerprint identification device has become the most popular biometric identification device. According to the different sensing methods, the fingerprint identification device can be divided into optical and capacitive. When the capacitive fingerprint identification device is assembled in an electronic product (for example, a mobile phone or a tablet computer), a cover lens is disposed above the capacitive fingerprint identification device. In general, additional processing (eg, drilling or thinning) of the protective element is required to enable the capacitive fingerprinting device to sense the change in capacitance or electric field caused by a finger touch.
  • an electronic product for example, a mobile phone or a tablet computer
  • the optical fingerprint identification device captures light that easily penetrates the protection component for fingerprint recognition, and can eliminate the need for additional processing of the protection component, thereby facilitating the combination with the electronic product.
  • the optical fingerprint identification device generally includes a light source, an image capturing component, and a light transmitting component.
  • the light source is used to emit a light beam to illuminate a finger pressed against the light transmissive element.
  • Finger fingerprints are made up of a number of irregular ridges and indentations.
  • the beams reflected by the ridges and the indentations form a fingerprint image that is interlaced on the receiving surface of the image capturing element.
  • the image capturing component can convert the fingerprint image into corresponding image information and input the image information into the processing unit.
  • the processing unit may use an algorithm to calculate image information corresponding to the fingerprint for identification of the user.
  • the light beam reflected by the fingerprint is easily transmitted to the image capturing component, which results in poor image quality and affects the recognition result.
  • the invention provides a biometric identification device.
  • the biometric device comprises a light source, a light guiding element, an image capturing element and a first collimator.
  • the light source is adapted to provide a light beam.
  • the light guiding element is located on the transmission path of the light beam.
  • the image capturing component is located below the light guiding component and has a plurality of pixel regions.
  • the first collimator is located between the light guiding element and the image capturing element, wherein the first collimator comprises a first light transmitting element, a second light transmitting element, a first light absorbing layer, a second light absorbing layer and a third light absorbing layer .
  • the second light transmissive element is located between the first light transmissive element and the image capturing element.
  • the first light absorbing layer is disposed on the first light transmissive element and has a plurality of first openings.
  • the second light absorbing layer is located between the first light transmissive element and the second light transmissive element and has a plurality of second openings.
  • the third light absorbing layer is disposed on the surface of the second light transmitting element facing the image capturing element and has a plurality of third openings. The first opening, the second opening and the third opening overlap the pixel area.
  • the light guiding element has a light exiting portion and a light incident portion connected to the light exiting portion.
  • the light source and the image capturing component are located below the light exiting portion.
  • the light incident portion is located between the light source and the light exit portion.
  • the light source is located at a side of the light guiding element.
  • the light guiding member faces the surface of the first collimator to form a plurality of microstructures.
  • the microstructure is convex or concave on the surface.
  • the refractive indices of the first light transmissive element and the second light transmissive element fall within the range of 1.3 to 1.7, respectively.
  • the height ratio of the aperture of each of the first openings to the first light transmitting member falls within a range of 2 to 20.
  • the ratio of the aperture of each of the second openings to the height of the first light transmissive element falls within the range of 2 to 20.
  • the ratio of the aperture of each of the third openings to the height of the second light transmissive element falls within the range of 2 to 20.
  • the aperture of the first opening is greater than or equal to the aperture of the second opening, and the aperture of the second opening is greater than or equal to the aperture of the third opening.
  • the first light absorbing layer or the second light absorbing layer is further disposed on a side wall surface of the first light transmitting member.
  • the biometric device further includes a cover plate, wherein the light guiding member is located between the cover plate and the first collimator.
  • the biometric device further includes a second collimator.
  • the second collimator is located between the light guiding element and the first collimator.
  • the second collimator includes a plurality of prisms, and the apex angles of the prisms respectively refer to the light guiding elements.
  • the biometric device of the embodiment of the present invention by modulating the apertures of the first opening, the second opening, and the third opening to absorb the large-angle light beam that acts through the light-guiding element and passes through the light guiding element,
  • the beam transmitted to the image capturing component is collimated to improve the image quality of the image capturing component. Therefore, the biometric device can have good recognition capabilities.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a biometric device according to an embodiment of the present invention
  • Figure 2 is an enlarged view of the light guiding member of Figure 1;
  • Figure 3 is a schematic view of the first collimator of Figure 1;
  • FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view of the first collimator, the image capturing component, and the circuit board of FIG. 1;
  • Figure 5 is an enlarged view of the light guiding element and the second collimator of Figure 1;
  • FIG. 6 is a cross-sectional view of a biometric device according to another embodiment of the present invention.
  • 100, 100A biometric identification device
  • 120, 120A light guiding element
  • 141 a first light transmissive element
  • 143 a first light absorbing layer
  • B, B', B1', B2', B3' light beam
  • H1, H2 height
  • PR pixel area
  • WO1, WO2, WO3 pore size.
  • the biometric device 100 is, for example, a fingerprint identification device for identifying the fingerprint of the object 10 to be identified, but is not limited thereto. In another embodiment, the biometric device 100 can also be used to identify a combination of at least two of a vein, a palm print, or a fingerprint, a vein, and a palm print.
  • the biometric device 100 includes a light source 110, a light guiding element 120, an image capturing element 130, and a first collimator 140.
  • Light source 110 is adapted to provide beam B.
  • Light source 110 can be a non-visible light source or a visible light source. That is, the light beam B may be invisible light (eg, infrared light) or visible light (eg, red light, blue light, green light, or a combination thereof).
  • light source 110 can be a combination of a non-visible light source and a visible light source.
  • light source 110 can include a plurality of light emitting elements 112.
  • Light-emitting element 112 can be a light-emitting diode or other suitable type of light-emitting element.
  • FIG. 1 schematically shows two light-emitting elements 112 with two light-emitting elements 112 on opposite sides of the image capture element 130. However, the number and arrangement of the light-emitting elements 112 can be changed as needed, and not limited thereto.
  • the light guiding element 120 is located on the transmission path of the light beam B, and is adapted to direct the light beam B provided by the light source 110 to the object to be recognized 10.
  • the material of the light guiding element 110 may be glass, polycarbonate (PC), polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA) or other suitable materials.
  • the light source 110 and the image capturing component 130 are located on the same side of the light guiding component 120.
  • the biometric device 100 further includes a circuit board 150.
  • the light source 110 is disposed on the circuit board 150 and is electrically connected to the circuit board 150.
  • the light guiding element 120 has a light exiting portion 122 and at least one light incident portion 124 connected to the light exiting portion 122.
  • the light source 110 and the image capturing component 130 are located below the light exiting portion 122 , and the light source 110 is located beside the image capturing component 130 .
  • the light incident portion 124 is located between the light source 110 and the light exit portion 122.
  • the light incident portion 124 may be fixed to the circuit board 150, and the light incident portion 124 has a recess C.
  • the recess C and the circuit board 150 enclose a space in which the light source 110 is housed.
  • at least one of the light incident portion 124 and the circuit board 150 may have a recess (not shown) to accommodate the light source 110.
  • the light incident portion 124 and the circuit board 150 may be fixed together by a fixing mechanism (not shown) or an adhesive layer (not shown, for example, an optical glue).
  • the light incident portion 124 may be fixed on the light source 110 by an adhesive layer (not shown, for example, an optical glue), and the light incident portion 124 may not be in contact with the circuit board 150.
  • FIG. 1 schematically shows two light incident portions 124, and the two light incident portions 124 are located on opposite sides of the light exit portion 122. However, the number and arrangement of the light incident portions 124 can be changed as needed, and is not limited thereto.
  • FIG. 2 is an enlarged view of the light guiding element of FIG. 1.
  • the light beam B emitted from the light source 110 enters the light guiding element 120 from the light incident portion 124 , and the light beam B can be transmitted to the light exit portion 122 via the light incident portion 124 .
  • the surface S of the light guiding element 120 facing the first collimator 140 can be selectively formed with a plurality of microstructures M (not shown in FIG. 1 , please refer to FIG. 2 ).
  • the microstructure M is adapted to change the direction of transmission of the beam B such that the beam B reflected by the microstructure M is directed perpendicularly or nearly perpendicularly out of the exit portion 122. As shown in FIG.
  • the microstructure M may protrude from the surface S and may have a first reflective surface S1 and a second reflective surface S2.
  • the first reflective surface S1 and the second reflective surface S2 are connected to each other, wherein the first reflective surface S1 and the second reflective surface S2 are inclined with respect to the surface S, and the oblique directions of the first reflective surface S1 and the second reflective surface S2 are opposite.
  • the microstructure M, the light exit portion 122, and the light incident portion 124 may be integrally formed, but not limited thereto.
  • the microstructures M, the light exiting portion 122, and the light incident portion 124 can be separately fabricated and fixed together by a connecting mechanism or an adhesive layer (for example, an optical adhesive).
  • the microstructure M can also be recessed into the surface S.
  • the microstructure M may be a depression formed on the surface S.
  • the number of microstructures M and their distribution may vary according to different needs, and are not limited to the number and distribution shown in FIG.
  • the surface S' of the light-emitting portion 122 outputting the light beam B is opposed to the surface S on which the microstructure M is formed.
  • the surface S' may be a pressing surface for pressing the object to be recognized 10.
  • TIR total internal reflection
  • the biometric device 100 may further include a cover plate 160 for the object 10 to be pressed.
  • the cover plate 160 is located above the light guiding element 120, and the light guiding element 120 is located between the cover plate 160 and the first collimator 140.
  • the cover plate 160 may be a cover lens of an electronic product (for example, a touch panel or a touch display panel) to be assembled, but is not limited thereto.
  • the cover plate 160 and the light guiding element 120 can be connected by a connecting machine
  • the structure or adhesive layer for example, optical glue
  • the refractive indices of the adhesive layer, the cover plate 160 and the light guiding element 120 may be the same or similar to reduce the interface reflection, thereby improving the light utilization of the biometric device 100. Efficiency and / or image quality.
  • the refractive indices of the adhesive layer, the cover plate 160, and the light guiding element 120 may also be different. Under the structure in which the cover plate 160 is disposed, the light beam B from the light source 110 sequentially passes through the light-emitting portion 122 and the cover plate 160 of the light-receiving portion 124, and total internal reflection occurs on the surface of the cover plate 160 where the object to be recognized 10 is pressed.
  • the light beam B' acting (e.g., diffused) by the object 10 to be identified passes through the cover plate 160 and the light exit portion 122 in sequence and is transmitted to the surface S.
  • a portion of the light beam B' transmitted to the surface S is reflected by the surface S, and is again transmitted toward the surface of the cover plate 160 where the object 10 is to be pressed.
  • another portion of the light beam B' transmitted to the surface S will exit the light guiding element 120 from the surface S.
  • the image capturing component 130 is located below the light guiding component 120 and has a plurality of pixel regions PR (shown in FIG. 4) arranged in an array to receive the light beam B′ acting through the object to be identified 10, thereby obtaining a to-be-identified image. Image of object 10.
  • the image capturing component 130 includes, for example, a plurality of Charge-Coupled Devices (CCDs) 132 (shown in FIG. 4).
  • the charge coupled device 132 is disposed on the circuit board 150 and electrically connected to the circuit board 150.
  • the area where the charge coupled element 132 is located is the pixel area PR of the image capture element 130.
  • the image capturing component 130 can include a plurality of complementary metal oxide semiconductors (CMOSs), and the region of the complementary metal oxide semiconductor is the pixel region PR of the image capturing component 130.
  • CMOSs complementary metal oxide semiconductors
  • the first collimator 140 is located between the light guiding element 120 and the image capturing element 130, and the first collimator 140 is located on the transmission path of the light beam B' after the object 10 is to be recognized.
  • the first collimator 140 can be disposed on the image capturing component 130, and the first collimator 140 and the image capturing component 130 can be fixed by a connecting mechanism or an adhesive layer (eg, an optical adhesive). Together, but not limited to this.
  • the first collimator 140 includes a first light transmissive element 141 , a second light transmissive element 142 , a first light absorbing layer 143 , a second light absorbing layer 144 , and a third light absorbing layer 145 .
  • the second light transmitting element 142 is located between the first light transmitting element 141 and the image capturing element 130.
  • the first light transmitting element 141 and the second light transmitting element 142 are adapted to pass the light beam B' acting through the object to be recognized 10 and passing through the light guiding element 120.
  • the material of the first light transmissive element 141 and the second light transmissive element 142 may be glass, polycarbonate (PC), polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA) or other suitable materials.
  • the first light absorbing layer 143 is disposed on the first light transmitting element 141 and has a plurality of first openings O1.
  • the second light absorbing layer 144 is located between the first light transmitting element 141 and the second light transmitting element 142 and has a plurality of second openings O2.
  • the third light absorbing layer 145 is disposed on the surface S1421 of the second light transmitting element 142 facing the image capturing element 130 and has a plurality of third openings O3.
  • the first opening O1, the second opening O2, and the third opening O3 overlap the pixel region PR.
  • the first light absorbing layer 143 and the second light absorbing layer 144 are respectively disposed on the opposite surfaces S1411 and S1412 of the first light transmitting element 141, and the second light transmitting element 142 can be connected or adhered.
  • the layer (for example, an optical glue) is fixed to one side of the first light-transmitting element 141 where the second light-absorbing layer 144 is formed, but is not limited thereto.
  • the second light absorbing layer 144 and the third light absorbing layer 145 are respectively disposed on the opposite surfaces S1422 and S1421 of the second light transmitting element 142, and the first light transmitting element 141 can be connected by the connecting mechanism.
  • an adhesive layer (for example, an optical adhesive) is fixed to one side of the second light transmitting member 142 where the second light absorbing layer 144 is formed.
  • the second suction The light layer 144 may be pre-formed on the third light transmissive element (not shown), and the third light transmissive element may be fixed between the first light transmissive element 141 and the second light transmissive element 142 by a connecting mechanism or an adhesive layer. .
  • the refractive index of the light transmitting medium for example, air or optical glue
  • the refractive index of the light transmitting medium for example, air or optical glue
  • the light beam B' (including the light beam B1' and the light beam B2' incident at a large angle to the first light transmitting element 141 and the light beam B3' incident at a small angle to the first light transmitting element 141) may be refracted on the surface S1411 of the first light transmitting element 141. And entering the first light transmitting element 141. Therefore, the arrangement of the first light transmissive elements 141 helps to converge the angle of the beam B' into the first collimator 140, thereby allowing more of the beam B' to be transmitted to the image capture element 130.
  • the refractive index of the light transmitting medium for example, air or optical glue
  • the material of the first light absorbing layer 143, the second light absorbing layer 144, and the third light absorbing layer 145 may be, for example, a silica gel-based or acryl-based material containing a light absorbing material (for example, carbon).
  • a light absorbing material for example, carbon
  • the second light absorbing layer 144 between the first light transmitting element 141 and the second light transmitting element 142 can still absorb the light beam (for example, the light beam B1') incident on the first light transmitting element 141 at a large angle. Even if a portion of the light beam (for example, the light beam B2') incident on the first light transmitting element 141 at a large angle enters the second light transmitting element 142 through the second opening O2, the third light absorbing layer adjacent to the image capturing element 130 can be utilized.
  • the 145 absorbs a light beam incident on the second light transmitting element 142 at a large angle (for example, the light beam B2'), and passes only the light beam B3' incident at a small angle to the first collimator 140 and transmits it to the image capturing element 130.
  • the light absorbing layer including the first light absorbing layer 143, the second light absorbing layer 144, and the third light absorbing layer 145) may depend on the aperture WO1 of the first opening O1 and the second opening O2.
  • the aperture WO1 of the first opening O1, the aperture WO2 of the second opening O2, and the aperture WO3 of the third opening O3 are larger, and the light beam B' received by the image capturing element 130 is larger.
  • the aperture WO1 of the first opening O1, the aperture WO2 of the second opening O2, and the aperture WO3 of the third opening O3 are constant values, the height of the light transmitting element is larger, and the light beam B' received by the image capturing element 130 is larger. The smaller the range of angles.
  • the angle of refraction of the beam B' is larger (that is, the angle of incidence) The larger it is, the more likely it is absorbed by the light absorbing layer.
  • the refractive indices of the first light transmissive element 141 and the second light transmissive element 142 are respectively greater than 1, and fall, for example, in the range of 1.3 to 1.7. Further, the aperture WO1 of each of the first openings O1 and the height H1 of the first light transmitting member 141 fall within a range of 2 to 20.
  • the aperture WO2 of each of the second openings O2 and the height H1 of the first light transmitting member 141 fall within a range of 2 to 20.
  • the ratio of the aperture WO3 of each of the third openings O3 to the height H2 of the second light transmitting member 142 falls within the range of 2 to 20.
  • the refractive index of each of the light transmissive elements and the height ratio of the aperture of the opening to the light transmissive element may vary according to different design requirements (eg, the pitch of the image capturing element 130), and are not limited thereto.
  • the aperture WO1 of the first opening O1 may be greater than or equal to the aperture WO2 of the second opening O2, and the aperture WO2 of the second opening O2 may be greater than or equal to the aperture WO3 of the third opening O3.
  • the aperture WO1 of the first opening O1, the aperture WO2 of the second opening O2 are the same as the aperture WO3 of the third opening O3.
  • the first opening O1, the second opening O2 and the third opening O3 have the same or substantially the same shape and size. Substance The same shape and size are considered as errors caused by the manufacturing process.
  • the first opening O1, the second opening O2 and the third opening O3 are aligned with the pixel area PR, so that the light beams sequentially passing through the first opening O1, the second opening O2 and the third opening O3 can be transmitted to the image capturing element. 130 (shown by beam B3' of Figure 4).
  • the size of the pixel region PR may be slightly larger than the aperture WO1 of the first opening O1, the aperture WO2 of the second opening O2, and the aperture WO3 of the third opening O3, but not limited thereto.
  • first light absorbing layer 143 or the second light absorbing layer 144 may be further disposed on the sidewall surface S1413 of the first light transmitting element 141 to prevent the light beam transmitted in the first light transmitting element 141 from being emitted from the sidewall surface S1413.
  • the first light absorbing layer 143 and the second light absorbing layer 144 may be formed of the same material and patterned by the same manufacturing process, but not limited thereto.
  • the third light absorbing layer 145 may be further disposed on the sidewall surface S1423 of the second light transmissive element 142.
  • the first light absorbing layer 143 and the second light absorbing layer 144 may not be disposed on the sidewall surface S1413 of the first light transmitting element 141, and the third light absorbing layer 145 may not be disposed on the sidewall surface S1423 of the second light transmitting component 142.
  • the biometric device 100 can further increase the number of light transmitting elements and light absorbing layers.
  • the light absorbing layer (including the first light absorbing layer 143, the second light absorbing layer 144, and the third light absorbing layer 145) absorbs the large-angle light beam that acts through the light-receiving object 10 and passes through the light guiding element 120 (for example, the light beam B1' and the light beam B2'
  • the light beam of only a certain angle (a light beam incident at a small angle, for example, the light beam B3') can be transmitted to the image capturing element 130.
  • the beam B' passing through the first collimator 140 can be made 0 degrees or close to 0 degrees.
  • FIG. 3 schematically shows that the shape of the first opening O1, the second opening O2, and the third opening O3 is circular, but is not limited thereto. In other embodiments, the shape of the first opening O1, the second opening O2, and the third opening O3 may also be a triangle, a quadrangle, a pentagon or other polygons.
  • the biometric device 100 can also include other components depending on various needs.
  • biometric device 100 can also include a second collimator 170.
  • the second collimator 170 is located between the light guiding element 120 and the first collimator 140, and the second collimator 170 is located on the transmission path of the light beam B' after the object 10 is to be recognized.
  • the second collimator 170 can be disposed on the surface S, and the light guiding component 120 and the second collimator 170 can be fixed together by a connecting mechanism or an adhesive layer (eg, an optical glue), but not This is limited to this.
  • the second collimator 170 is adapted to pre-align the beam B' before the beam B' passes through the first collimator 140 to converge the divergence angle of the beam B'. As such, the probability of subsequent passage of beam B' through first collimator 140 can be increased.
  • FIG. 5 is an enlarged view of the light guiding element and the second collimator of FIG. 1.
  • the second collimator 170 may include a plurality of prisms 172 , and the vertex angles TA of the prisms 172 refer to the light guiding elements 120 , respectively.
  • the angles of the two bottom corners BA of the respective prisms 172 are the same.
  • the apex angle TA and the bottom angle BA of the prism 172 may vary according to different needs, and are not limited thereto.
  • FIG. 6 is a cross-sectional view of a biometric device according to another embodiment of the present invention.
  • the biometric device 100A of FIG. 6 is similar to the biometric device 100 of FIG. 1, and the biometric device 100A has similar functions and advantages as the biometric device 100, and will not be repeated here.
  • the difference between the biometric device 100A of FIG. 6 and the biometric device 100 of FIG. 1 is that the position of the light source 110 is different.
  • the light source 110 is located on the side of the light guiding element 120A.
  • the light guiding element 120A is, for example, a plate.
  • the light guiding element 120A can omit the light incident portion 124 of the light guiding element 120 in FIG.
  • the large-angle light beam that acts through the light-guiding element and passes through the light-guiding element is absorbed by modulating the apertures of the first opening, the second opening, and the third opening.
  • the image capturing quality of the image capturing element is improved. Therefore, the biometric device can have good recognition capabilities.

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Abstract

一种生物特征辨识装置(100,100A)，其包括光源(110)、导光元件(120,120A)、影像撷取元件(130)以及第一准直器(140)，光源(110)适于提供光束(B)。导光元件(120,120A)位于光束(B)的传递路径上，影像撷取元件(130)位于导光元件(120,120A)下方且具有多个像素区(PR)，第一准直器(140)位于导光元件(120,120A)与影像撷取元件(130)之间，其中第一准直器(140)包括第一透光元件(141)、第二透光元件(142)、第一吸光层(143)、第二吸光层(144)以及第三吸光层(145)，第一吸光层(143)配置在第一透光元件(141)上且具有多个第一开口(O1)，第二吸光层(144)位于第一透光元件(141)与第二透光元件(142)之间且具有多个第二开口(O2)，第三吸光层(145)配置在第二透光元件(142)面向影像撷取元件(130)的表面上且具有多个第三开口(O3)，其中第一开口(O1)、第二开口(O2)与第三开口(O3)重叠于像素区(PR)。该生物特征辨识装置(100,100A)具有良好的辨识能力。

Description

生物特征辨识装置 技术领域
本发明涉及涉及一种生物特征辨识装置。
背景技术
生物特征辨识的种类包括脸部、声音、虹膜、视网膜、静脉、指纹和掌纹辨识等。由于每个人的指纹都是独一无二的，且指纹不易随着年龄或身体健康状况而变化，因此指纹辨识装置已成为目前最普及的一种生物特征辨识装置。依照感测方式的不同，指纹辨识装置可分为光学式与电容式。电容式指纹辨识装置组装于电子产品(例如：手机、平板电脑)时，电容式指纹辨识装置上方多设有保护元件(cover lens)。一般而言，需额外加工(例如钻孔或薄化)保护元件，以使电容式指纹辨识装置能够感测到手指触碰所造成的容值或电场变化。
相较于电容式指纹辨识装置，光学式指纹辨识装置撷取容易穿透保护元件的光进行指纹辨识，而可以不用额外加工保护元件，因此在与电子产品的结合上较为便利。
光学式指纹辨识装置通常包括光源、影像撷取元件及透光元件。光源用以发出光束，以照射按压在透光元件上的手指。手指的指纹是由多条不规则的凸纹与凹纹所组成。被凸纹与凹纹反射的光束会在影像撷取元件的接收面上形成为明暗交错的指纹影像。影像撷取元件可将指纹影像转换为对应的影像信息，并将影像信息输入至处理单元。处理单元可利用演算法计算对应于指纹的影像信息，以进行使用者的身份辨识。然而，在上述的取像过程中，被指纹反射的光束易散乱地传递至影像撷取元件，而造成取像品质不佳，影响辨识结果。
发明内容
本发明提供一种生物特征辨识装置。
根据本发明的实施例，生物特征辨识装置包括光源、导光元件、影像撷取元件以及第一准直器。光源适于提供光束。导光元件位于光束的传递路径上。影像撷取元件位于导光元件下方且具有多个像素区。第一准直器位于导光元件与影像撷取元件之间，其中第一准直器包括第一透光元件、第二透光元件、第一吸光层、第二吸光层以及第三吸光层。第二透光元件位于第一透光元件与影像撷取元件之间。第一吸光层配置在第一透光元件上且具有多个第一开口。第二吸光层位于第一透光元件与第二透光元件之间且具有多个第二开口。第三吸光层配置在第二透光元件面向影像撷取元件的表面上且具有多个第三开口。第一开口、第二开口与第三开口重叠于像素区。
在根据本发明的实施例的生物特征辨识装置中，导光元件具有出光部以及连接于出光部的入光部。光源与影像撷取元件共同位于出光部下方。入光部位于光源与出光部之间。
在根据本发明的实施例的生物特征辨识装置中，光源位于导光元件的侧面。
在根据本发明的实施例的生物特征辨识装置中，导光元件面向第一准直器的表面形成有多个微结构。微结构凸出或凹入于表面。
在根据本发明的实施例的生物特征辨识装置中，第一透光元件以及第二透光元件的折射率分别落在1.3至1.7的范围内。
在根据本发明的实施例的生物特征辨识装置中，各第一开口的孔径与第一透光元件的高度比落在2至20的范围内。各第二开口的孔径与第一透光元件的高度比落在2至20的范围内。各第三开口的孔径与第二透光元件的高度比落在2至20的范围内。
在根据本发明的实施例的生物特征辨识装置中，第一开口的孔径大于或等于第二开口的孔径，且第二开口的孔径大于或等于第三开口的孔径。
在根据本发明的实施例的生物特征辨识装置中，第一吸光层或第二吸光层还配置在第一透光元件的侧壁面上。
在根据本发明的实施例的生物特征辨识装置中，生物特征辨识装置还包括盖板，其中导光元件位于盖板与第一准直器之间。
在根据本发明的实施例的生物特征辨识装置中，生物特征辨识装置还包括第二准直器。第二准直器位于导光元件与第一准直器之间。
在根据本发明的实施例的生物特征辨识装置中，第二准直器包括多个棱镜，且棱镜的顶角分别指向导光元件。
基于上述，在本发明的实施例的生物特征辨识装置中，通过调变第一开口、第二开口与第三开口的孔径来吸收经待辨识物作用且通过导光元件的大角度光束，以将传递至影像撷取元件的光束准直化，使影像撷取元件的取像品质提升。因此，生物特征辨识装置可具有良好的辨识能力。
附图说明
包含附图以便进一步理解本发明，且附图并入本说明书中并构成本说明书的一部分。附图说明本发明的实施例，并与描述一起用于解释本发明的原理。
图1为本发明一实施例的生物特征辨识装置的剖面示意图；
图2为图1中导光元件的一种放大图；
图3为图1中第一准直器的一种示意图；
图4为图1中第一准直器、影像撷取元件以及电路板的一种剖面示意图；
图5为图1中导光元件以及第二准直器的一种放大图；
图6为本发明另一实施例的生物特征辨识装置的剖面示意图。
附图标号说明：
10：待辨识物；
100、100A：生物特征辨识装置；
110：光源；
112：发光元件；
120、120A：导光元件；
122：出光部；
124：入光部；
130：影像撷取元件；
132：电荷耦合元件；
140：第一准直器；
141：第一透光元件；
142：第二透光元件；
143：第一吸光层；
144：第二吸光层；
145：第三吸光层；
150：电路板；
160：盖板；
170：第二准直器；
172：棱镜；
B、B’、B1’、B2’、B3’：光束；
BA：底角；
C：凹陷；
H1、H2：高度；
M：微结构；
O1：第一开口；
O2：第二开口；
O3：第三开口；
PR：像素区；
S、S’、S1411、S1412、S1421、S1422：表面；
S1：第一反射面；
S2：第二反射面；
S1413、S1423：侧壁面；
TA：顶角；
WO1、WO2、WO3：孔径。
具体实施方式
现将详细地参考本发明的示范性实施例，示范性实施例的实例说明于附图中。只要有可能，相同元件符号在附图和描述中用来表示相同或相似部分。
图1为本发明一实施例的生物特征辨识装置的剖面示意图。请参照图1，生物特征辨识装置100例如为指纹辨识装置，用以辨识待辨识物10的指纹，但不以此为限。在另一实施例中，生物特征辨识装置100也可用以辨识静脉、掌纹或是指纹、静脉以及掌纹的其中至少两个的组合。
生物特征辨识装置100包括光源110、导光元件120、影像撷取元件130以及第一准直器140。
光源110适于提供光束B。光源110可以是非可见光光源或可见光光源。也就是说，光束B可以是不可见光(例如：红外光)或可见光(例如：红光、蓝光、绿光或其组合)。 或者，光源110可以是非可见光光源与可见光光源的组合。举例而言，光源110可包括多个发光元件112。发光元件112可为发光二极体或其他适当种类的发光元件。图1示意地显示出两个发光元件112，且两个发光元件112位在影像撷取元件130的相对侧。然而，发光元件112的数量以及配置方式可依需求改变，而不以此为限。
导光元件120位于光束B的传递路径上，其适于将光源110提供的光束B导向待辨识物10。举例而言，导光元件110的材质可为玻璃、聚碳酸酯(PC)、聚甲基丙烯酸甲酯(PMMA)或其他适当材料。在本实施例中，光源110与影像撷取元件130位于导光元件120的同一侧。生物特征辨识装置100进一步包括电路板150。光源110配置在电路板150上且与电路板150电连接。导光元件120具有出光部122以及连接于出光部122的至少一入光部124。光源110与影像撷取元件130共同位于出光部122下方，且光源110位于影像撷取元件130旁。入光部124位于光源110与出光部122之间。详细而言，入光部124可固定在电路板150上，且入光部124具有凹陷C。凹陷C与电路板150围出容纳光源110的空间。在另一实施例中，入光部124与电路板150的其中至少一个可具有凹陷(未示出)，以容纳光源110。在又一实施例中，入光部124与电路板150可藉由固定机构(未示出)或黏着层(未示出，例如：光学胶)固定在一起。在再一实施例中，入光部124可藉由黏着层(未示出，例如：光学胶)而固定在光源110上，且入光部124可不与电路板150接触。图1示意地显示出两个入光部124，且两个入光部124位在出光部122的相对侧。然而，入光部124的数量以及配置方式可依需求改变，而不以此为限。
图2为图1中导光元件的一种放大图。请参照图1及图2，光源110射出的光束B自入光部124进入导光元件120，且光束B可经由入光部124传递至出光部122。导光元件120面向第一准直器140的表面S可选择性地形成有多个微结构M(图1未示出，请参照图2)。微结构M适于改变光束B的传递方向，使得被微结构M反射的光束B垂直或接近垂地直射出出光部122。如图2所示，微结构M可凸出于表面S且可具有第一反射面S1以及第二反射面S2。第一反射面S1与第二反射面S2彼此相连，其中第一反射面S1与第二反射面S2相对于表面S倾斜，且第一反射面S1与第二反射面S2的倾斜方向相反。在一实施例中，微结构M、出光部122以及入光部124可一体成型，但不以此为限。在另一实施例中，微结构M、出光部122以及入光部124可分别制作，再藉由连接机构或黏着层(例如：光学胶)固定在一起。或者，微结构M也可凹入于表面S。具体地，微结构M可以是形成在表面S上的凹陷。另外，微结构M的数量及其分布可依据不同的需求改变，而不限于图2所显示的数量及分布。
出光部122输出光束B的表面S’与形成有微结构M的表面S相对。在一实施例中，表面S’可以是供待辨识物10按压的按压面。在表面S’为按压面的架构下，如图2所示，来自光源110的光束B依序通过入光部124以及出光部122，并在表面S’发生全内反射(Total Internal Reflection,TIR)，接着依序被第二反射面S2以及第一反射面S1反射，并垂直或接近垂直地射出表面S’。
或者，如图1所示，生物特征辨识装置100可进一步包括盖板160以供待辨识物10按压。盖板160位于导光元件120上方，且导光元件120位于盖板160与第一准直器140之间。盖板160可以是所欲组装的电子产品(例如：触控面板或触控显示面板)的保护元件(cover lens)，但不以此为限。在一实施例中，盖板160与导光元件120可藉由连接机 构或黏着层(例如：光学胶)而固定在一起，但不以此为限。以黏着层固定盖板160与导光元件120的情况下，黏着层、盖板160与导光元件120的折射率可相同或相近，以减少介面反射，进而提升生物特征辨识装置100的光利用效率和/或取像品质。然而，在其他实施例中，黏着层、盖板160与导光元件120的折射率也可相异。在设置盖板160的架构下，来自光源110的光束B依序通过入光部124出光部122以及盖板160，并在盖板160供待辨识物10按压的表面发生全内反射。经待辨识物10作用(例如：漫射)的光束B’依序通过盖板160以及出光部122并传递至表面S。传递至表面S的光束B’的一部分会被表面S反射，而再次朝盖板160供待辨识物10按压的表面传递。另一方面，传递至表面S的光束B’的另一部分会自表面S射出导光元件120。
影像撷取元件130位于导光元件120下方且具有例如呈阵列排列的多个像素(pixel)区PR(显示于图4)，以接收经待辨识物10作用的光束B’，进而取得待辨识物10的影像。在本实施例中，影像撷取元件130例如包括多个电荷耦合元件(Charge-Coupled Device,CCD)132(显示于图4)。电荷耦合元件132配置于电路板150上并与电路板150电连接。电荷耦合元件132的所在区域为影像撷取元件130的像素区PR。在另一实施例中，影像撷取元件130可包括多个互补金属氧化物半导体(Complementary Metal Oxide Semiconductor,CMOS)，且互补金属氧化物半导体的所在区域为影像撷取元件130的像素区PR。
第一准直器140位于导光元件120与影像撷取元件130之间，且第一准直器140位于待辨识物10作用后的光束B’的传递路径上。举例而言，第一准直器140可配置在影像撷取元件130上，且第一准直器140与影像撷取元件130可藉由连接机构或黏着层(例如：光学胶)而固定在一起，但不以此为限。
图3为图1中第一准直器的一种示意图，显示出第一准直器的正面及背面。图4为图1中第一准直器、影像撷取元件以及电路板的一种剖面示意图。请参照图1、图3及图4，第一准直器140包括第一透光元件141、第二透光元件142、第一吸光层143、第二吸光层144以及第三吸光层145。
第二透光元件142位于第一透光元件141与影像撷取元件130之间。第一透光元件141以及第二透光元件142适于让经待辨识物10作用且通过导光元件120的光束B’通过。举例而言，第一透光元件141以及第二透光元件142的材质可为玻璃、聚碳酸酯(PC)、聚甲基丙烯酸甲酯(PMMA)或其他适当材料。
第一吸光层143配置在第一透光元件141上且具有多个第一开口O1。第二吸光层144位于第一透光元件141与第二透光元件142之间且具有多个第二开口O2。第三吸光层145配置在第二透光元件142面向影像撷取元件130的表面S1421上且具有多个第三开口O3。第一开口O1、第二开口O2与第三开口O3重叠于像素区PR。
在本实施例中，第一吸光层143与第二吸光层144分别配置在第一透光元件141的相对的表面S1411与表面S1412上，且第二透光元件142可藉由连接机构或黏着层(例如：光学胶)而固定于第一透光元件141形成有第二吸光层144的一侧，但不以此为限。在另一实施例中，第二吸光层144可与第三吸光层145分别配置在第二透光元件142的相对的表面S1422与表面S1421上，且第一透光元件141可藉由连接机构或黏着层(例如：光学胶)而固定于第二透光元件142形成有第二吸光层144的一侧。在又一实施例中，第二吸 光层144可预先形成在第三透光元件(未显示)上，且第三透光元件可藉由连接机构或黏着层而固定于第一透光元件141与第二透光元件142之间。
当导光元件120与第一准直器140之间的光传递介质(例如：空气或光学胶)的折射率不同于第一透光元件141的折射率时，入射第一透光元件141的光束B’(包括大角度入射第一透光元件141的光束B1’与光束B2’以及小角度入射第一透光元件141的光束B3’)会在第一透光元件141的表面S1411经由折射而进入第一透光元件141。因此，第一透光元件141的设置有助于收敛光束B’进入第一准直器140的角度，进而让更多的光束B’能够传递至影像撷取元件130。
第一吸光层143、第二吸光层144以及第三吸光层145的材质例如可采用含有吸光材料(例如：碳)的硅胶系或压克力系材料。如此一来，即使大角度入射第一透光元件141的光束B1’与光束B2’以及小角度入射第一透光元件141的光束B3’皆通过第一开口O1而进入第一透光元件141，仍可利用位于第一透光元件141与第二透光元件142之间的第二吸光层144吸收大角度入射第一透光元件141的光束(例如：光束B1’)。即使有部分大角度入射第一透光元件141的光束(例如：光束B2’)通过第二开口O2而进入第二透光元件142，仍可利用邻近于影像撷取元件130的第三吸光层145吸收大角度入射第二透光元件142的光束(例如：光束B2’)，而仅让小角度入射第一准直器140的光束B3’通过并传递至影像撷取元件130。
进入第一准直器140的光束是否被吸光层(包括第一吸光层143、第二吸光层144以及第三吸光层145)吸收可取决于第一开口O1的孔径WO1、第二开口O2的孔径WO2、第三开口O3的孔径WO3、透光元件的高度(包括第一透光元件141的高度H1以及第二透光元件142的高度H2)以及光束B’在透光元件(包括第一透光元件141以及第二透光元件142)的入射表面的折射角(由光束B’的入射角以及透光元件的折射率决定)等。在透光元件的高度为定值的情况下，第一开口O1的孔径WO1、第二开口O2的孔径WO2以及第三开口O3的孔径WO3越大，影像撷取元件130接收到的光束B’的角度范围越大。在第一开口O1的孔径WO1、第二开口O2的孔径WO2以及第三开口O3的孔径WO3为定值的情况下，透光元件的高度越大，影像撷取元件130接收到的光束B’的角度范围越小。在第一开口O1的孔径WO1、第二开口O2的孔径WO2、第三开口O3的孔径WO3以及透光元件的高度为定值的情况下，光束B’的折射角越大(也就是入射角越大)，越有可能被吸光层吸收。在本实施例中，第一透光元件141以及第二透光元件142的折射率分别大于1，且例如落在1.3至1.7的范围内。此外，各第一开口O1的孔径WO1与第一透光元件141的高度H1比落在2至20的范围内。各第二开口O2的孔径WO2与第一透光元件141的高度H1比落在2至20的范围内。各第三开口O3的孔径WO3与第二透光元件142的高度H2比落在2至20的范围内。然而，上述各透光元件的折射率以及开口的孔径与透光元件的高度比可依据不同的设计需求(例如：影像撷取元件130的节距(pitch))改变，而不限于上述。
第一开口O1的孔径WO1可大于或等于第二开口O2的孔径WO2，且第二开口O2的孔径WO2可大于或等于第三开口O3的孔径WO3。在本实施例中，第一开口O1的孔径WO1、第二开口O2的孔径WO2与第三开口O3的孔径WO3相同。进一步而言，第一开口O1、第二开口O2与第三开口O3具有相同或实质上相同的形状以及尺寸。所谓实质 上相同的形状以及尺寸是考量到制作工艺所造成的误差。此外，第一开口O1、第二开口O2与第三开口O3对齐于像素区PR，以使依序通过第一开口O1、第二开口O2与第三开口O3的光束能够传递至影像撷取元件130(如图4的光束B3’所显示)。另外，像素区PR的尺寸可略大于第一开口O1的孔径WO1、第二开口O2的孔径WO2与第三开口O3的孔径WO3，但不以此为限。再者，第一吸光层143或第二吸光层144可进一步配置在第一透光元件141的侧壁面S1413上，以避免传递于第一透光元件141中的光束自侧壁面S1413射出。第一吸光层143以及第二吸光层144可采用相同的材质且由同一道制作工艺图案化形成，但不以此为限。在另一实施例中，第三吸光层145也可进一步配置在第二透光元件142的侧壁面S1423上。或者，第一吸光层143以及第二吸光层144可以不配置在第一透光元件141的侧壁面S1413上，且第三吸光层145可以不配置在第二透光元件142的侧壁面S1423上。依据不同的需求，生物特征辨识装置100也可进一步增加透光元件以及吸光层的数量。
利用吸光层(包括第一吸光层143、第二吸光层144以及第三吸光层145)吸收经待辨识物10作用且通过导光元件120的大角度光束(例如：光束B1’与光束B2’)，可以使仅特定角度的光束(小角度入射的光束，例如：光束B3’)传递至影像撷取元件130。经由适当的调变第一开口O1的孔径WO1、第二开口O2的孔径WO2以及第三开口O3的孔径WO3，可以使通过第一准直器140的光束B’能够以0度或接近0度的角度入射影像撷取元件130。换句话说，第一准直器140有助于将传递至影像撷取元件130的光束准直化。如此，不但有助于滤除杂散光，还有助于避免从不同开口输出的光束B’相互干扰的问题，使影像撷取元件130的取像品质提升。因此，生物特征辨识装置100可具有良好的辨识能力。图3示意性地显示第一开口O1、第二开口O2以及第三开口O3的形状为圆形，但不以此为限。在其他实施例中，第一开口O1、第二开口O2以及第三开口O3的形状也可以是三角形、四边形、五边形或其他多边形。
依据不同需求，生物特征辨识装置100还可包括其他元件。举例而言，生物特征辨识装置100还可包括第二准直器170。第二准直器170位于导光元件120与第一准直器140之间，且第二准直器170位于待辨识物10作用后的光束B’的传递路径上。举例而言，第二准直器170可配置在表面S上，且导光元件120与第二准直器170可藉由连接机构或黏着层(例如：光学胶)而固定在一起，但不以此为限。
第二准直器170适于在光束B’通过第一准直器140之前，预先将光束B’准直化，以收敛光束B’的发散角。如此，可增加光束B’后续通过第一准直器140的机率。图5为图1中导光元件以及第二准直器的一种放大图。请参照图1及图5，第二准直器170可包括多个棱镜172，且棱镜172的顶角TA分别指向导光元件120。在本实施例中，各棱镜172的两个底角BA的角度相同。然而，棱镜172的顶角TA及底角BA可依据不同的需求改变，而不限于此。
图6为本发明另一实施例的生物特征辨识装置的剖面示意图。图6的生物特征辨识装置100A与图1的生物特征辨识装置100相似，且生物特征辨识装置100A具有与生物特征辨识装置100相似的功效与优点，于此便不再重述。图6的生物特征辨识装置100A与图1的生物特征辨识装置100的差异在于光源110的位置不同。详细而言，在图6的实施例中，光源110位于导光元件120A的侧面。在此架构下，导光元件120A例如为板状， 且导光元件120A可以省略图1中导光元件120的入光部124。
综上所述，在本发明的实施例的生物特征辨识装置中，通过调变第一开口、第二开口与第三开口的孔径来吸收经待辨识物作用且通过导光元件的大角度光束，以将传递至影像撷取元件的光束准直化，使影像撷取元件的取像品质提升。因此，生物特征辨识装置可具有良好的辨识能力。
最后应说明的是：以上各实施例仅用以说明本发明的技术方案，而非对其限制；尽管参照前述各实施例对本发明进行了详细的说明，本领域的普通技术人员应当理解：其依然可以对前述各实施例所记载的技术方案进行修改，或者对其中部分或者全部技术特征进行等同替换；而这些修改或者替换，并不使相应技术方案的本质脱离本发明各实施例技术方案的范围。

Claims (10)

  1. 一种生物特征辨识装置，其特征在于，包括：
    光源，适于提供光束；
    导光元件，位于所述光束的传递路径上；
    影像撷取元件，位于所述导光元件下方且具有多个像素区；以及
    第一准直器，位于所述导光元件与所述影像撷取元件之间，其中所述第一准直器包括：
    第一透光元件；
    第二透光元件，位于所述第一透光元件与所述影像撷取元件之间；
    第一吸光层，配置在所述第一透光元件上且具有多个第一开口；
    第二吸光层，位于所述第一透光元件与所述第二透光元件之间且具有多个第二开口；以及
    第三吸光层，配置在所述第二透光元件面向所述影像撷取元件的表面上且具有多个第三开口，其中所述多个第一开口、所述多个第二开口与所述多个第三开口重叠于所述像素区。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的生物特征辨识装置，其特征在于，所述导光元件具有出光部以及连接于所述出光部的入光部，所述光源与所述影像撷取元件共同位于所述出光部下方，所述入光部位于所述光源与所述出光部之间。
  3. 根据权利要求1所述的生物特征辨识装置，其特征在于，所述光源位于所述导光元件的侧面。
  4. 根据权利要求1所述的生物特征辨识装置，其特征在于，所述导光元件面向所述第一准直器的表面形成有多个微结构，所述多个微结构凸出或凹入于所述表面。
  5. 根据权利要求1所述的生物特征辨识装置，其特征在于，所述第一透光元件以及所述第二透光元件的折射率分别落在1.3至1.7的范围内。
  6. 根据权利要求1所述的生物特征辨识装置，其特征在于，各所述多个第一开口的孔径与所述第一透光元件的高度比落在2至20的范围内，各所述多个第二开口的孔径与所述第一透光元件的高度比落在2至20的范围内，且各所述多个第三开口的孔径与所述第二透光元件的高度比落在2至20的范围内。
  7. 根据权利要求1所述的生物特征辨识装置，其特征在于，所述多个第一开口的孔径大于或等于所述多个第二开口的孔径，且所述多个第二开口的孔径大于或等于所述多个第三开口的孔径。
  8. 根据权利要求1所述的生物特征辨识装置，其特征在于，所述第一吸光层或所述第二吸光层还配置在所述第一透光元件的侧壁面上。
  9. 根据权利要求1所述的生物特征辨识装置，其特征在于，还包括：
    盖板，其中所述导光元件位于所述盖板与所述第一准直器之间。
  10. 根据权利要求1所述的生物特征辨识装置，其特征在于，还包括：
    第二准直器，位于所述导光元件与所述第一准直器之间，所述第二准直器包括多个棱镜，且所述多个棱镜的顶角分别指向所述导光元件。
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