WO2018109019A2 - Communication de canal corporel et distribution d'énergie - Google Patents

Communication de canal corporel et distribution d'énergie Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2018109019A2
WO2018109019A2 PCT/EP2017/082653 EP2017082653W WO2018109019A2 WO 2018109019 A2 WO2018109019 A2 WO 2018109019A2 EP 2017082653 W EP2017082653 W EP 2017082653W WO 2018109019 A2 WO2018109019 A2 WO 2018109019A2
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
receiver
energy
signal
body channel
converted
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/EP2017/082653
Other languages
English (en)
Other versions
WO2018109019A3 (fr
Inventor
Ashoka Sathanur VISWESWARA
Mohammed Meftah
Mark Thomas Johnson
Original Assignee
Koninklijke Philips N.V.
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Koninklijke Philips N.V. filed Critical Koninklijke Philips N.V.
Publication of WO2018109019A2 publication Critical patent/WO2018109019A2/fr
Publication of WO2018109019A3 publication Critical patent/WO2018109019A3/fr

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Classifications

    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B5/00—Measuring for diagnostic purposes; Identification of persons
    • A61B5/0002—Remote monitoring of patients using telemetry, e.g. transmission of vital signals via a communication network
    • A61B5/0015—Remote monitoring of patients using telemetry, e.g. transmission of vital signals via a communication network characterised by features of the telemetry system
    • A61B5/0024—Remote monitoring of patients using telemetry, e.g. transmission of vital signals via a communication network characterised by features of the telemetry system for multiple sensor units attached to the patient, e.g. using a body or personal area network
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B5/00—Measuring for diagnostic purposes; Identification of persons
    • A61B5/0002—Remote monitoring of patients using telemetry, e.g. transmission of vital signals via a communication network
    • A61B5/0026—Remote monitoring of patients using telemetry, e.g. transmission of vital signals via a communication network characterised by the transmission medium
    • A61B5/0028—Body tissue as transmission medium, i.e. transmission systems where the medium is the human body
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G16—INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGY [ICT] SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR SPECIFIC APPLICATION FIELDS
    • G16H—HEALTHCARE INFORMATICS, i.e. INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGY [ICT] SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR THE HANDLING OR PROCESSING OF MEDICAL OR HEALTHCARE DATA
    • G16H10/00—ICT specially adapted for the handling or processing of patient-related medical or healthcare data
    • G16H10/60—ICT specially adapted for the handling or processing of patient-related medical or healthcare data for patient-specific data, e.g. for electronic patient records
    • G16H10/65—ICT specially adapted for the handling or processing of patient-related medical or healthcare data for patient-specific data, e.g. for electronic patient records stored on portable record carriers, e.g. on smartcards, RFID tags or CD
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G16—INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGY [ICT] SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR SPECIFIC APPLICATION FIELDS
    • G16H—HEALTHCARE INFORMATICS, i.e. INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGY [ICT] SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR THE HANDLING OR PROCESSING OF MEDICAL OR HEALTHCARE DATA
    • G16H40/00—ICT specially adapted for the management or administration of healthcare resources or facilities; ICT specially adapted for the management or operation of medical equipment or devices
    • G16H40/60—ICT specially adapted for the management or administration of healthcare resources or facilities; ICT specially adapted for the management or operation of medical equipment or devices for the operation of medical equipment or devices
    • G16H40/63—ICT specially adapted for the management or administration of healthcare resources or facilities; ICT specially adapted for the management or operation of medical equipment or devices for the operation of medical equipment or devices for local operation
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04B—TRANSMISSION
    • H04B13/00—Transmission systems characterised by the medium used for transmission, not provided for in groups H04B3/00 - H04B11/00
    • H04B13/005—Transmission systems in which the medium consists of the human body
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B2560/00—Constructional details of operational features of apparatus; Accessories for medical measuring apparatus
    • A61B2560/02—Operational features
    • A61B2560/0204—Operational features of power management
    • A61B2560/0214—Operational features of power management of power generation or supply

Definitions

  • the present disclosure relates to health care. More particularly, but not exclusively, the present disclosure relates to methods, systems, and apparatus for
  • a body channel communication and power distribution system also referred to as a Body Area Power Network.
  • the new Philips' Biosensor patch enables continuous home monitoring of vital signs such as ECG, heart rate, respiration rate, skin temperature and activity.
  • the clinical data is sent to and processed on a cloud based platform and supports the healthcare professionals in their clinical decision making.
  • the Biosensor patch could prevent hospital readmissions by detecting health deterioration in the home setting as early as possible.
  • stick-to-skin patches there are other solutions available on the market such as health watches, monitoring belts/straps and health monitoring T-shirts, insertable devices, and so forth.
  • next generation wearables and/or insertables will be either temporary tattoos (extremely unobtrusive, ultrathin, skin contour/topography conforming films adhering to the skin by van der Waals forces) or permanent insertables which are placed under the skin. Insertables may be particularly advantageous because they are unnoticed by the user and provide more ecofriendly alternatives to disposables.
  • EEG Electrode-to-Emitter Electrode
  • a body channel communication system may be provided that includes: a base unit arranged to a transmit a (in some embodiments data modulated) RF signal via a body channel; and a receiver arranged to receive the RF signal from the body channel;
  • system further comprises a converter (328) arranged to convert the RF signal into energy to power the receiver.
  • the receiver may be wearable, on-body electronic device. In other embodiments, the receiver may be an insertable device for intradermal or subcutaneous insertion into tissue. In various embodiments, both the base unit and the receiver may be capacitive coupled to a body channel via electrodes. In various embodiments,
  • the converter may be an energy harvesting unit (328) to charge an energy storage component in the receiver.
  • the system may further include one or more sensors configured to detect one or more physiological parameters.
  • the energy converted from the RF signal may power the one or more sensors.
  • the system may further include a transmitter configured to transmit one or more detected physiological parameters from the receiver to the base unit.
  • the energy converted from the RF signal may power the transmitter.
  • the system may further include a memory component configured to store data indicative of one or more detected physiological parameters.
  • the energy converted from the RF signal may power the memory component.
  • Fig. 1 depicts an example of how central nodes (e.g., transmitter) and receiver nodes may be arranged on a human body, in accordance with various embodiments.
  • central nodes e.g., transmitter
  • receiver nodes may be arranged on a human body, in accordance with various embodiments.
  • FIGs. 2A and 2B schematically depict examples of how central nodes may be operably coupled with receiver nodes in accordance with various embodiments.
  • Fig. 3 schematically depicts an example of how a central node may transmit a signal to one or more receiver nodes, in accordance with various embodiments.
  • Fig. 4 depicts an example method of practicing various aspects of the present disclosure.
  • a patient 100 may carry, wear, or otherwise possess a central node (“CN") 102 (also referred to as a “base unit” and/or a “transmitter " ) that includes an abundant power source, such as a rechargeable battery.
  • Central node 102 may come in various forms, such as a smart phone, a wearable smart device (e.g., smart watch, smart glasses, jewelry, belts, bands, etc.), or another electronic device that includes a power sources such as a rechargeable battery.
  • central node 102 may be operably coupled with the body of patient 100 (e.g., outer surface of the patient ' s skin) in various ways, such as via capacitive coupling (which may not require direct contact between electrodes and skin, and may. for instance, occur even with one or more layers of clothing between the electrode and the skin), dry electrode coupling (e.g., using conductive polymers, conductive textiles, etc. ), galvanic coupling (e.g., using electrodes that are wetted or gelled), and so forth.
  • capacitive coupling which may not require direct contact between electrodes and skin, and may. for instance, occur even with one or more layers of clothing between the electrode and the skin
  • dry electrode coupling e.g., using conductive polymers, conductive textiles, etc.
  • galvanic coupling e.g., using electrodes that are wetted or gelled
  • Patient 1 00 may also utilize one or more receiver nodes 104 (also referred to as “receivers " ), five (N1 -N5) of which are depicted in Fig. 1 located at various portions of a body of patient 100.
  • a receiver node 104 may take various forms, such as a patch or tattoo-type device affixed to the skin of patient 100 (e.g., using
  • Each receiver node 104 may be configured to detect one or more health parameters of patient, including but not limited to ECG, EEG, pulse rate, respiration rate, body temperature, sweat levels, glucose, and so forth.
  • each receiver node may be operably coupled with the body of patient 100 in various ways, such as capacitive coupling, dry electrode coupling, galvanic coupl ing, and so forth.
  • central node 102 may be configured to a transmit a radio frequency ("RI ") signal, which in some cases may be modulated with data, via one or more body channels 108 to one or more receiver nodes 104.
  • RI radio frequency
  • a body channel 108 may include an impedance network (see Fig. 2) that lies within the living body between the central node 102 and a receiver node 104. As will be described below, these body channels 108 (and their inherent impedance networks) may be leveraged to exchange data and power between central node 102 and one or more receiver nodes 104.
  • Each receiver node 104 may be configured to receive the data modulated RI signal from a respective body channel 108.
  • each receiver node 104 may include a converter (described in more detail below) configured to convert the RI signal received from central node 102 into energy to power the receiver node 104, e.g., via an internal battery or capacitor. Accordingly, central node 102 and receiver nodes 104, along with body channels 108 defined through patient 100, collectively may form a body channel communication and power distribution system 106.
  • a central node 102 carried by one patient could be used to power one or more receiver nodes 104 worn/used by another patient, e.g., when the two patients make physical contact (e.g., shake hands, hug, etc.).
  • FIGs. 2A and 2B schematically depict examples of how central nodes 102 may be operably coupled with receiver nodes 104 via one or more body channels (108) within or on the human body, in accordance with various embodiments.
  • central node 102 (which as depicted includes an AC power source such as a battery) may be capacitive coupled with a first portion 210A of a tissue surface of a patient (e.g., outer layer of the patient's skin).
  • the capacitors schematically indicated at 214i and 214 2 may be formed between electrodes of central node 102 and the first portion 21 OA of the conductive tissue surface.
  • capacitors schematically indicated at 214 3 and 214 4 may be formed between electrodes of receiver node 104 and another portion 210B of the conductive tissue surface (e.g., the location on the skin at which a patch or tattoo is affixed).
  • an impedance network 212 formed within the patient's tissue (i.e., a "body channel"), e.g., beneath the epidermis. Consequently, an electrical signal (e.g., generated at central node 102 and/or receiver node 104) can pass between central node 102 and receiver node 104 through impedance network 212 via capacitors 214i -4 .
  • the capacitors 214i and 214 2 may form a high-pass filter with an input resistance of the intervening conductive tissues (e.g., in which impedance network 212 is formed).
  • Another high-pass filter may be formed between the input resistance of receiver node 104 and the capacitors 214 3 and 214 4 .
  • These two high-pass filters may create, for instance, a 40dB/decade roll-off of the input signal applied from central node 102.
  • Fig. 2B schematically depicts a similar arrangement, except that instead of being worn on the tissue surface, receiver node 104 is implanted beneath the surface of the tissue.
  • Fig. 2B includes many of the same components and arrangements, particularly on the central node 102 side, as Fig. 2A. However, rather than receiver node 104 being capacitive coupled with a tissue surface, electrodes of receiver node 104 are directly coupled with impedance network 212 formed within the tissue. In some embodiments such as that depicted in Fig. 2B, there may be only one high-pass filter formed at the central node 102 side, which may provide, for instance, a 20dB/decade roll-off.
  • a body channel (108 in Fig. 1) defined between central node 102 and receiver node 104 may, in some cases, be dominated by the high-pass filter formed by the capacitive coupling between the human body and the impedance network 212 the conductive tissues. Additionally, for relatively low transmission frequencies, the human body may act as a single node, which may be evidenced by a lack of variation of channel gain at various distances between central node 102 and receiver node 104. As the transmission frequency increases, the wavelength of the signal becomes comparable or smaller with respect to the size of the human body. As a consequence, from a single node model, an effect akin to a surface wave phenomenon occurs such that the channel gain depends on the distance between central node 102 and receiver node 104.
  • central node 102 may transmit a signal to one or more receiver nodes 104, in accordance with various embodiments.
  • central node 102 may include a signal generator 322.
  • Signal generator 322 may be configured to generate a RF signal of a particular frequency (e.g., between about 10 MHz and about 100 MHz) and apply that signal to electrodes 324 attached to the skin (or at least close enough to facilitate capacitive coupling).
  • signal generator 322 may modulate the signal with various information, such as identifiers associated with one or more receiver nodes 104, commands to be implemented by the one or more receiver nodes 104, and so forth.
  • the RF signal may be transmitted via electrodes 324 through one or more body channels 108 and towards electrodes 326, which may be integral with or otherwise in communication with receiver node 104.
  • Receiver node 104 may include an energy harvester 328 (also referred to as a "convertor”), an energy storage component 330, and one or more sensors 332.
  • Energy harvester 328 may be configured to harvest electrical energy from the RF signal received via electrodes 326 from central node 102. In some embodiments, energy harvester 328 may convert an incoming AC signal to a DC signal.
  • Energy harvester 328 may be implemented in various ways. Non-limiting examples of how RF charging may be implemented are described in "Ambient RF Energy Harvesting Technologies for Self-Sustainable Standalone Wireless Sensors Platforms," by Sangkil, et al. (2014). IEEE Micro., which in applicable jurisdictions is incorporated herein by reference in its entirety. For example, components such as a folded dipole antenna, a five-stage RF-DC convertor, and/or an RF-DC charge pump may be used to harvest power from an RF signal.
  • Energy storage component 330 may store energy harvested by energy harvester 328. Energy storage component 330 may take various forms, such as a rechargeable battery, one or more capacitors, etc. One or more sensors 332 or other measuring circuitry may be configured to detect various physiological parameters of the patient, such as vital signs, etc. In various embodiments, one or more sensors 332 may be powered with electricity harvested by energy harvester 328 and stored in energy storage component 330. Note that the coupling between electrodes 324/326 and the patient may accomplished in various ways, such as capacitive coupling, dry electrode coupling, galvanic coupling, and so forth.
  • central node 102 may generate both data communication signals and power transfer signals.
  • signals may be generated sequentially, e.g., on demand.
  • data communication signals and power transfer signals may be combined, e.g., using frequency modulation of the power transfer signal to communicate information/data whilst transferring power.
  • a Manchester encoded signal transmission may be used to combine both data and power within a single signal.
  • the combined transmission may be a broadcast communication.
  • the receiver node(s) 104 being addressed may perform both energy harvesting and communication, while non-addressed nodes may simply harvest energy.
  • Fig. 4 depicts an example method 400 of practicing various aspects of the present disclosure. While particular operations of method 400 are depicted in a particular order, this is not meant to be limiting. One or more operations may be added, omitted, and/or reordered.
  • a wearable or insertable device e.g., receiver node 104
  • receivers 104 may be placed on or in a patient. As noted above, receivers 104 may be placed at a variety of locations, such as on the patient's limbs, chest, back, neck, face, forehead, etc.
  • receiver nodes 104 may be incorporated into clothing (e.g., undergarments, t- shirts, socks, etc.) and/or accessories (e.g., belts, watches). In other embodiments, receiver nodes 104 may be worn on the skin (e.g., as patches, tattoos, etc. and/or inserted beneath the skin, e.g., intradermally, subcutaneously, etc.).
  • an RF signal may be generated, e.g., by signal generator 322 of central node 102, and transmitted (e.g., via electrodes 324) through one or more body channels (e.g., 108).
  • the transmitted RF signal may or may not be modulated with data.
  • the transmitted RF signal may be broadcast throughout the patient's body, e.g., so that it is detectable by a plurality of receiver nodes 104 on or within the patient's body.
  • other communication schemes may be employed, such as multicast, unicast (e.g., by transmitting directionally), etc.
  • the RF signal may be received, e.g., by receiver node 104 via one or more body channels 108 by way of one or more electrodes 326.
  • the RF signal may be converted into energy, e.g., by energy harvester 328.
  • the converted energy may be at least temporarily stored in an energy storage component (e.g., 330).
  • the converted (and in some cases, temporarily stored) energy may be used to power various components of the receiver node.
  • the converted energy may be used to power one or more physiological parameter sensors 332.
  • the converted energy may be used to power one or more transmitters integral with the receiver node (e.g., as part of a transceiver), e.g., so that the receiver node may transmit various information, such as one or more detected physiological parameters, back to the central node.
  • the converted energy may be used to power a memory component (not depicted) of the receiver using the converted energy, e.g., to store (at least temporarily) data such as physiological parameters detected by sensor(s) 332. While several inventive embodiments have been described and illustrated herein, those of ordinary skill in the art will readily envision a variety of other means and/or structures for performing the function and/or obtaining the results and/or one or more of the advantages described herein, and each of such variations and/or modifications is deemed to be within the scope of the inventive embodiments described herein.
  • a reference to "A and/or B", when used in conjunction with open-ended language such as “comprising” can refer, in one embodiment, to A only (optionally including elements other than B); in another embodiment, to B only (optionally including elements other than A); in yet another embodiment, to both A and B (optionally including other elements); etc.
  • the phrase "at least one,” in reference to a list of one or more elements, should be understood to mean at least one element selected from any one or more of the elements in the list of elements, but not necessarily including at least one of each and every element specifically listed within the list of elements and not excluding any combinations of elements in the list of elements.
  • This definition also allows that elements may optionally be present other than the elements specifically identified within the list of elements to which the phrase "at least one" refers, whether related or unrelated to those elements specifically identified.
  • At least one of A and B can refer, in one embodiment, to at least one, optionally including more than one, A, with no B present (and optionally including elements other than B); in another embodiment, to at least one, optionally including more than one, B, with no A present (and optionally including elements other than A); in yet another embodiment, to at least one, optionally including more than one, A, and at least one, optionally including more than one, B (and optionally including other elements); etc.

Abstract

La présente invention concerne des procédés, des systèmes et un appareil permettant de mettre en œuvre un système de communication de canal corporel et de distribution d'énergie. Dans divers modes de réalisation, un système de communication de canal corporel peut comprendre : une unité de base (102) conçue pour transmettre un signal RF (qui peut ou non être modulé avec des données) par l'intermédiaire d'un canal corporel (108) ; un ou plusieurs récepteurs (104) conçus pour recevoir le signal RF provenant du canal corporel ; et un convertisseur (328) conçu pour convertir le signal RF en énergie pour alimenter un ou plusieurs composants du récepteur, tels qu'un ou plusieurs capteurs physiologiques (332).
PCT/EP2017/082653 2016-12-14 2017-12-13 Communication de canal corporel et distribution d'énergie WO2018109019A2 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP16204035.6 2016-12-14
EP16204035 2016-12-14

Publications (2)

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WO2018109019A2 true WO2018109019A2 (fr) 2018-06-21
WO2018109019A3 WO2018109019A3 (fr) 2018-08-02

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Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2020001845A1 (fr) * 2018-06-29 2020-01-02 Nokia Technologies Oy Procédé et appareil pour déterminer des informations concernant une position corporelle

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JP2012023565A (ja) * 2010-07-14 2012-02-02 Sony Corp 通信システム並びに通信装置
AU2014236294B2 (en) * 2013-03-14 2018-07-12 Curonix Llc Wireless implantable power receiver system and methods
US20160066808A1 (en) * 2014-09-08 2016-03-10 Cardiac Technologies International, Inc. Method and Device for Patient Monitoring Using Dynamic Multi-Function Device

Non-Patent Citations (2)

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Title
LINHUA ZHANG; XINZHUO LIU; LIII HUANG; LEI WANG: "International Conference on Biomedical Engineering and Informatics", 2010, IEEE, article "Baseband system for human body channel communication"
SANGKIL ET AL.: "Ambient RF Energy Harvesting Technologies for Self-Sustainable Standalone Wireless Sensors Platforms", IEEE MICRO., 2014

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2020001845A1 (fr) * 2018-06-29 2020-01-02 Nokia Technologies Oy Procédé et appareil pour déterminer des informations concernant une position corporelle

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