WO2018100693A1

WO2018100693A1 - Machine tool and processing machine line

Info

Publication number: WO2018100693A1
Application number: PCT/JP2016/085610
Authority: WO
Inventors: 長井修; 鈴山惠史
Original assignee: 株式会社Ｆｕｊｉ
Priority date: 2016-11-30
Filing date: 2016-11-30
Publication date: 2018-06-07
Also published as: JPWO2018100693A1; JP6735354B2

Abstract

A machine tool having: a main shaft device in which a main shaft chuck for grasping a workpiece is fixed on a rotationally supported main-shaft rotation shaft; a turret device on which a blade, a rotating tool, a turret chuck or the like can be attached, the turret device rotating about a turning rotation shaft disposed in the vertical direction of a machine body; a turret drive device for moving the turret device in the forward and backward direction of the machine body parallel to the main-shaft rotation shaft, and in the orthogonal vertical direction of the machine body; and a turret chuck drive device for moving the turret chuck, whereby a conveying function is provided to the turret device.

Description

Machine tool and processing machine line

The present invention relates to a machine tool that delivers workpieces to and from the adjacent machine tool by a turret device, and a processing machine line including the machine tool.

In a processing machine line composed of a plurality of machine tools, workpieces are sent to each of the arranged machine tools in order, and predetermined processing such as cutting and drilling in each process is performed. Patent Document 1 listed below discloses an automatic workpiece transfer machine for transferring workpieces between machine tools. In the automatic workpiece transfer machine, a transfer robot moves in front of a machine tool, and the transfer robot delivers a workpiece to and from a chuck device inside the machine tool. For this reason, a transport rail is installed at the front of the gantry on which multiple machine tools are mounted, and a traveling platform is movably mounted on the rail, and a transport robot that delivers workpieces is mounted on the traveling platform. Has been.

JP 2010-155300 A Japanese Utility Model Publication No. 62-130873

In the processing machine line, since workpieces are sequentially sent to a plurality of machine tools, it is necessary to install an automatic workpiece transfer machine as in the conventional example. In the case of the automatic workpiece transfer machine, a transfer rail is laid in front of the machine tool, so that a space for transferring the workpiece is wide. In addition, there are automatic workpiece transfer machines in which an arm robot is movably assembled to a cross rail built on a column. The conventional processing machine line has a large overall configuration including such a transfer machine, which requires a large installation space in the factory. On the other hand, as shown in Patent Document 2, there is a machine tool in which a chuck device is mounted on a turret device. This machine tool is of a semi-automatic type in which an operator grips a workpiece with the chuck device and transfers the workpiece to and from the spindle chuck. However, this is not efficient.

Therefore, an object of the present invention is to provide a machine tool provided with a transport function in a turret device and a processing machine line including the machine tool in order to solve such a problem.

The machine tool according to one aspect of the present invention can be attached to a spindle device in which a spindle chuck for gripping a workpiece is fixed to a rotation axis for a spindle that is supported by rotation, a cutter, a rotary tool, a turret chuck, and the like. A turret device that rotates around a turning rotary shaft disposed on the turret, a turret drive device that moves the turret device in a longitudinal direction parallel to the main shaft rotational axis and a vertical direction of the aircraft, and And a turret chuck driving device for moving the turret chuck.

A machining machine line according to another aspect of the present invention can be attached to a spindle device in which a spindle chuck for gripping a workpiece is fixed to a rotation axis for a spindle supported for rotation, a cutter, a rotary tool, a turret chuck, and the like. A turret device that rotates about a turning rotary shaft arranged in the vertical direction; and a turret drive device that moves the turret device in the longitudinal direction of the aircraft parallel to the rotary shaft for the main shaft and in the vertical direction of the aircraft perpendicular to the main axis. A plurality of machine tools having a turret chuck driving device for moving the turret chuck are arranged close to each other in the machine body width direction.

According to the configuration disclosed above, the turret device on which the turret chuck is mounted is moved and positioned by the turret drive device in the longitudinal direction of the machine body and in the vertical direction of the machine body, and the turret chuck is positioned in the machine body width direction by the turning index of the turret device Then, the turret chuck is moved in the width direction of the machine body by the turret chuck driving device, so that the workpieces can be delivered between the machine tools arranged in the width direction.

It is the perspective view which showed two machine tools which are a part of processing machine line. It is the side view which showed the internal structure of the machine tool. It is the perspective view which showed the turret apparatus. It is the side view which showed simply the attachment state of the turret chuck | zipper with respect to a turret apparatus. It is the figure which showed the turret apparatus from the downward direction. It is the side view which showed the turret apparatus before taking out a workpiece | work from a spindle chuck. It is the side view which showed the turret apparatus at the time of taking out a workpiece | work from a spindle chuck. It is the side view which showed the turret apparatus at the time of conveying a workpiece | work. It is the figure which showed the turret apparatus at the time of conveying a workpiece | work from the downward direction. It is the figure which showed the turret apparatus at the time of reception of a workpiece | work from the downward direction.

Next, an embodiment of a machine tool and a processing machine line according to the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings. The processing machine line is a lineup in which multiple machine tools are arranged in the machine body width direction, and workpieces are sent to each machine tool in order, and the workpiece is subjected to predetermined machining in each process. It is. FIG. 1 is a perspective view showing two machine tools that are part of a processing machine line.

In the processing machine line 1, in addition to the machine tool 10 shown in the figure, other machine tools, inspection machines, temporary placement tables, and the like are arranged. In the present embodiment, such a machine tool or the like is modularized and covered with an exterior cover having the same outer shape and dimensions. The machine tool 10 and the like are mounted on the base 2 as a base in a replaceable state. That is, a rail is laid on the base 2, and the machine tool 10 and the like are assembled on a movable bed 18 that can move on the rail. In particular, the machine tool 10 according to the present embodiment is designed to have a small width dimension, and adjacent to each other as shown in the figure, the entire processing machine line 1 is compact.

Here, FIG. 2 is a side view showing the internal structure of the machine tool. The machine tool 10 is a turret lathe provided with a rotary tool such as an end mill or a drill or a cutting tool such as a cutting tool. Therefore, the machine tool 10 includes a spindle device 11 including a spindle chuck 16 that holds and holds the workpiece W, a turret device 12 including a tool, and a Z-axis drive that moves the turret device 12 in the Z-axis direction and the X-axis direction. The apparatus 13 and the X-axis drive device 14, and the control device 15 for controlling each drive device are included.

The machine tool 10 is assembled so that the rotation axis (main axis) of the main spindle device 11 that rotates the workpiece W is in the longitudinal direction of the machine body and is horizontal. The Z axis is a horizontal axis parallel to the main axis of the main spindle device 11. On the other hand, the X-axis of the machine tool 10 is the machine body vertical direction orthogonal to the Z-axis, and is a moving axis that causes the tool of the turret device 12 to advance and retreat with respect to the Z-axis. In particular, in the machine tool 10, the X-axis direction is set to the vertical direction in order to reduce the width dimension. Therefore, the machine tool 1 is a two-axis lathe that moves the tool of the turret device 12 in the Z-axis direction and the X-axis direction with respect to the workpiece W held by the spindle chuck 16. The machine body width direction of the machine tool 10 orthogonal to the main axis is the Y-axis direction.

The spindle device 11 is configured such that a spindle chuck 16 and a driven pulley are integrally formed with a spindle that is rotatably supported, and the rotation of the spindle servomotor 21 is transmitted via a V-belt. The turret device 12 is configured integrally with the Z-axis slider 23 of the Z-axis drive device 13 and is mounted on the X-axis slider 27 of the X-axis drive device 14 together with the Z-axis slider 23. A Z-axis guide 24 is fixed to the X-axis slider 27, and the Z-axis slider 23 is slidably attached to the Z-axis guide 24.

In the Z-axis drive device 13, a screw shaft 25 is attached to a support frame fixed to a Z-axis guide 24 via a bearing, and the screw shaft 25 is screwed to a non-rotating nut in the Z-axis slider 23 to be a ball screw mechanism. Is configured. The rotation of the Z-axis servomotor 22 is transmitted to the screw shaft 25, and the Z-axis slider 23 is linearly moved via a nut. The X-axis drive device 14 that supports the Z-axis drive device 13 and the turret device 12 is assembled to a column 26 installed beside the spindle device 11. In particular, the X-axis drive device 14 is configured to raise and lower the Z-axis drive device 13 on the spindle device 11 so as to suppress the width dimension of the machine tool 10.

In the X-axis drive device 14, an X-axis slider 27 is slidably attached in the vertical direction via a guide formed in the column 26. A screw shaft 28 arranged in the vertical direction is rotatably supported on the column 26, and the screw shaft 28 is screwed into a non-rotating nut in the X-axis slider 27 to constitute a ball screw mechanism. The rotation of the X-axis servomotor 29 is transmitted to the screw shaft 28, and the X-axis slider 27 is moved up and down via a nut. Therefore, in the machine tool 10, the work W held by the spindle chuck 16 rotates, and the turret device 12 moves by driving the Z-axis drive device 13 and the X-axis drive device 14, and the tool is applied to the work W. Then, predetermined processing such as cutting is performed.

In the processing machine line 1, workpieces are sequentially conveyed to a plurality of machine tools 10. When the workpiece is automatically conveyed, generally, as shown in Patent Document 1, an automatic workpiece conveyance machine is installed in front of the machine tool 10, and the workpiece is transferred to and from each machine tool 10. However, in the present embodiment, the workpieces are directly transferred between the machine tools 10 without providing an automatic workpiece transfer machine. Specifically, the workpiece is conveyed by a turret chuck assembled to the turret device 12.

Here, FIG. 3 is a perspective view showing the turret device 12, and FIG. 4 is a side view simply showing the attachment state of the turret chuck to the turret device 12. The turret device 12 swivels a tool table 31 around a rotation axis parallel to the X axis, and performs a swivel index for performing swivel indexing of a plurality of cutting tools 32 and turret chucks 33 and 34 attached to the tool table 31. A dispensing mechanism is provided. Although the rotation indexing mechanism is not shown in detail, the rotation output of the turret motor 35 (see FIG. 2) is transmitted to the rotation shaft via the gear, and the rotation of the rotation shaft is further transmitted to the tool base 31. It is configured.

The turning shaft can be displaced in the axial direction by a hydraulic cylinder, and the gear fixed to the turning shaft and the gear fixed to the tool base 31 can be switched between the meshed state and the separated state. ing. That is, in the turning index mechanism, an indexing state in which the rotation of the turret motor 35 is transmitted to the tool base 31 and a non-indexing state in which the rotation is not transmitted are switched. Further, the turret device 12 is configured with a turret chuck drive device for moving the pair of turret chucks 33 and 34. The turning shaft described above is a hollow shaft, and a tool shaft 36 is inserted therein and is rotated by a turret motor 35.

The gear fixed to the tool shaft 36 and the gear fixed to the turning shaft are switched between the meshed state and the separated state by the turning of the turning shaft in the axial direction by the hydraulic cylinder. Yes. When both gears are engaged with each other, the tool shaft 36 and the turning shaft rotate, and when both gears are separated, only the tool shaft 36 receives the output of the turret motor 35 and rotates. It is supposed to be. The tool shaft 36 constitutes a chuck driving device for displacing the turret chucks 33 and 34 in the radial direction. The tool shaft 36 constitutes a rotation drive device for rotating the rotary tool when the rotary tool is attached to the tool table 31.

Here, FIG. 5 is a view of the turret device 12 as viewed from below. The tool base 31 has an octagonal shape when viewed from below, and a cutting tool 32 and the like are attached to the outer peripheral side surface portion thereof. In the present embodiment, a base block 38 is fixed to the lower surface of the tool base 31, and a pair of turret chucks 33, 34 are attached symmetrically thereto. The turret chuck driving device has a configuration for linearly moving the turret chucks 33 and 34 in the radial direction.

The turret chucks 33 and 34 are three-jaw chucks, and are configured by the same chuck mechanism that grips and releases the workpiece in the chuck by air. The turret chucks 33 and 34 are both fixed to the guide rod 42 inserted into the base block 38 via a bracket. The guide rod 42 is inserted into a guide hole formed in the base block 38 and can move in the radial direction.

A rack gear 421 is formed on a part of the guide rod 42. The tool shaft 36 has a lower end extending into the base block 38, and a pinion gear 361 is integrally formed at the lower end. The pair of rack gears 421 are engaged with each other so as to sandwich the pinion gear 361, and the turret chucks 33 and 34 are moved in the reverse direction by the rotation of the tool shaft 36. In FIG. 5, when the tool shaft 36 rotates in the clockwise direction, the pair of turret chucks 33 and 34 moves toward the center of rotation, and conversely, if the tool shaft 36 rotates in the counterclockwise direction, the pair of turret chucks 33 and 34 rotate. It moves in the direction away from the center.

The guide rod 42 serves as a guide for linear movement of the turret chucks 33 and 34. However, since the guide rod 42 has a cylindrical shape, the turret chucks 33 and 34 lose their balance due to their own weight. Therefore, a sub rod 43 for maintaining the posture of the turret chucks 33 and 34 is provided in parallel with the guide rod 42 and is inserted into a guide hole formed in the base block 38.

Next, the operation of machine tools and processing machine lines will be described. In the processing machine line 1, a plurality of machine tools 10 are installed close to each other in the width direction as shown in FIG. 1, and the workpieces W are sequentially conveyed from the upstream side. For example, in the two machine tools 10 shown in FIG. 1, the workpiece W is sent from the right side to the left side of the drawing. 6 to 10 are views showing a state of conveyance of the workpiece W by the turret device 12.

First, in machining with the machine tool 10, the workpiece W is gripped by the spindle chuck 16, and the workpiece is rotated by the rotation of the spindle. On the other hand, in the turret device 12, a predetermined one is swiveled and indexed from a plurality of cutting tools (inner diameter machining blade, outer diameter machining blade, etc.) 32. Then, the cutting tool 32 of the turret device 12 is positioned in the X-axis direction and the Z-axis direction by driving of the Z-axis driving device 13 and the X-axis driving device 14, and the cutting tool 32 is applied to the rotating workpiece W to be predetermined. Cutting is performed.

In the machine tool 10, the workpiece W is delivered to and from the spindle chuck 16, and the turret chucks 33 and 34 of the turret device 12 are used for the work. In this embodiment, the turret chuck 33 is in charge of the workpiece W before processing in its own machine tool 10, and the turret chuck 34 is in charge of the workpiece W after processing. Therefore, when the workpiece W processed as described above is transported to the next process, the turret chuck 34 and the spindle chuck 16 and the Z-axis are rotated by the turning index of the turret device 12 as shown in FIG. It is arranged at a position facing the direction.

The turret device 12 is lowered according to the height of the workpiece W by driving the X-axis drive device 14 as shown by arrows in FIGS. 6 and 7, and moved to the spindle chuck 16 side by driving the Z-axis drive device 13. And get closer. After the turret device 12 is positioned, the turret chuck 34 is further moved closer to the workpiece W. That is, in the turret device 12, the rotation of the turret motor 35 is transmitted to the tool shaft 36, and the integrally formed pinion gear 361 rotates. Therefore, the rotation of the pinion gear 361 is converted into the linear motion of the rack gear 421, the guide rod 42 is extended with respect to the base block 38 as shown in FIGS. 6 to 7, and the turret chuck 34 moves to the spindle chuck 16 side. . The turret chuck 34 that has reached the workpiece W is gripped by opening and closing the chuck claws.

Thereafter, by the reverse rotation of the turret motor 35, the rotation of the pinion gear 361 is converted into the linear motion of the rack gear 421 in the same manner, and conversely, the guide rod 42 is contracted with respect to the base block 38, and the

turret chuck

33, 34 is returned to the state shown in FIGS. In the turret device 12, as shown in FIGS. 8 and 9, the pair of turret chucks 33 and 34 are arranged in the Y-axis direction by turning and indexing the tool table 31 rotated 90 degrees. In the present embodiment, the delivery of the workpiece W and the adjacent machine tool 10 is performed in this state.

At that time, the turret chucks 33 and 34 are positioned on the ZX plane by the driving of the Z-axis driving device 13 and the X-axis driving device 14. Since the machine tool 10 is a Z-axis and X-axis lathe, the turret device 12 cannot be moved in the Y-axis direction. Therefore, the tool shaft 36 is rotated by the turret motor 35, and the guide rod 42 is extended with respect to the base block 38 as shown in FIGS. 9 to 10 by the pinion gear 361 and the rack gear 421. Thereby, the turret chucks 33 and 34 move in the Y-axis direction as shown in FIG. Also in the adjacent machine tool 10 configured in the same manner, the turret chucks 33 and 34 move in the Y-axis direction, and the workpiece W is gripped with each other, and the workpiece W is delivered downstream.

Incidentally, the machine tool 10 is entirely covered with an exterior cover (not shown). As shown in FIG. 1, a front cover 7 is provided at the front of the machine body where the spindle chuck 16 and the turret device 12 are arranged, and the inside thereof is a processing chamber. The front cover 7 is provided with an openable / closable door 701 on the front surface portion, and a work delivery port 702 is formed on both side surfaces in the width direction. The transfer port 702 is provided with an openable / closable door that can be automatically opened and closed. Therefore, at the time of workpiece transfer shown in FIG. 10, in the adjacent machine tool 10, the upstream turret chuck 34 and the downstream turret chuck 33 grip the workpiece W through the transfer port 702.

Then, the turret chuck 33 that has received the workpiece W and the turret chuck 34 that has received the workpiece W are returned to the state shown in FIG. Next, since the workpiece W is gripped by the turret chuck 33, the turret chuck 33 is arranged at a position facing the spindle chuck 16 in the Z-axis direction by the turning index of the turret device 12 (see FIG. 6). ). Then, the workpiece W is transferred from the turret chuck 33 to the spindle chuck 16 in the same manner as when the turret chuck 34 receives the workpiece W from the spindle chuck 16.

Subsequently, the processing machine line 1 of the present embodiment has a configuration capable of discharging the workpiece W in addition to delivering the workpiece W between the machine tools 10. Normally, when carrying a workpiece automatically, a temporary table is installed in the middle of the line, and an NG workpiece or a workpiece for inspection is placed there. However, in this case, the processing machine line becomes larger by the amount of the temporary table, and in order for the operator to take out the workpiece for inspection from the temporary table, the operation must be paused, resulting in a loss of processing time. It will occur.

On the other hand, in the processing machine line 1 of the present embodiment, as shown in FIG. 1, the discharge rail 45 is attached between the adjacent machine tools 10 arranged in the width direction. The discharge rail 45 is a rail having a groove width matched to the dimension of the workpiece W. The discharge rail 45 is disposed below the transport port 702 and is attached to the front cover 7. In addition to the discharge rail 45, a temporary placement member 46 is attached between the machine tools 10. The temporary placement member 46 temporarily places the workpiece W by the upstream turret chuck 34 when the timing of gripping the workpiece W between the upstream turret chuck 34 and the downstream turret chuck 33 does not match. Is for.

Therefore, when an NG workpiece is generated due to a seating mistake in the spindle chuck 16 or when a workpiece is selected for inspection, the corresponding workpiece Wx is sent to the discharge rail 45. At that time, as described above, the turret device 12 grips the workpiece Wx from the spindle chuck 16 by the turret chuck 34, and the turret chuck 34 is arranged in the Y-axis direction by turning indexing (see FIGS. 8 and 9). . Then, positioning of the turret device 12 on the ZX plane by the Z-axis driving device 13 and the X-axis driving device 14 and positioning of the turret chuck 34 in the Y-axis direction by the turret chuck driving device are performed. By gripping and releasing, the workpiece Wx rolls on the discharge rail 45 and is discharged as shown in FIG.

Therefore, according to this embodiment, since the turret chucks 33 and 34 attached to the turret device 12 can be moved in the radial direction, the workpiece W is transferred between the adjacent machine tools 10 without using the automatic workpiece transfer machine. That is, the workpiece W can be conveyed. In the present embodiment, the turret device 12 is a two-axis lathe that moves the Z-axis direction and the X-axis direction. However, since the turret device 12 includes a turret chuck driving device that moves the turret chucks 33 and 34. The above effects can be achieved without increasing the size of the machine tool 10. In particular, since the turret chuck driving device utilizes the rotation of the tool shaft 36 for driving the rotary tool, the above-described effects can be achieved by simply improving the configuration of the base block 38 portion. Can do.

In addition, since the workpiece W can be transferred between the machine tools 10 by the turret chucks 33 and 34, and the discharge rail 45 is further added, an NG workpiece or an inspection workpiece can be transferred without providing a temporary table. It can be taken out from the processing machine line 1. In addition, since the structure is simple and includes small parts such as the discharge rail 45, the work W can be discharged without cost and without requiring space. Furthermore, since the discharge is performed by the operation of the turret device 12 which is the same as the conveyance of the workpiece W, the driving of the processing machine line 1 is not temporarily stopped.

As mentioned above, although one Embodiment of this invention was described, this invention is not limited to these, A various change is possible in the range which does not deviate from the meaning.
For example, in the above-described embodiment, the chuck drive device is configured by the turret motor 35 and the tool shaft 36, but a pinion gear may be attached to the rotation shaft of the motor directly fixed to the base block 38.

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 ... Machining machine line 7 ... Front cover 10 ... Machine tool 11 ... Main shaft device 12 ... Turret device 13 ... Z-axis drive device 14 ... X-axis drive device 16 ... Main shaft chuck 31 ...

Tool stand

33, 34 ... Turret chuck 35 ... Turret motor 36 ... Tool shaft 42 ... Guide rod 361 ... Pinion gear 421 ... Rack gear

Claims

A spindle device in which a spindle chuck for gripping a workpiece is fixed to a rotation axis for the spindle supported in rotation;
A turret device to which a cutter, a rotary tool, a turret chuck, etc. can be attached and which rotates around a rotation axis for turning arranged in the vertical direction of the machine body,
A turret drive device for moving the turret device in the longitudinal direction of the aircraft parallel to the spindle rotation axis and in the vertical direction of the aircraft perpendicular to the spindle;
A machine tool having a turret chuck driving device for moving the turret chuck.
2. The turret chuck is assembled with the turret device being linearly movable in a radial direction, and is moved by the turret chuck driving device provided in the turret device. Machine tools.
The turret chuck driving device includes: a tool rotation shaft disposed in the vertical direction of the machine body in the turret device; a motor that rotates the tool rotation shaft; and the conveyance rotation shaft and the turret chuck. The machine tool according to claim 2, further comprising: a gear member that is provided on the machine and converts a rotational motion into a linear motion.
The machine tool according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein a workpiece delivery opening for delivering a workpiece by the turret chuck is formed on a side surface portion of a main body cover that covers an internal device.
A spindle device in which a spindle chuck for gripping a workpiece is fixed to a rotation axis for the spindle supported in rotation;
A turret device to which a cutter, a rotary tool, a turret chuck, etc. can be attached and which rotates around a rotation axis for turning arranged in the vertical direction of the machine body,
A turret drive device for moving the turret device in the longitudinal direction of the aircraft parallel to the spindle rotation axis and in the vertical direction of the aircraft perpendicular to the spindle;
A processing machine line in which a plurality of machine tools having a turret chuck driving device for moving the turret chuck are arranged adjacent to each other in the machine body width direction.