WO2018099309A1 - 一种路由检测的方法及网络设备 - Google Patents

一种路由检测的方法及网络设备 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2018099309A1
WO2018099309A1 PCT/CN2017/112518 CN2017112518W WO2018099309A1 WO 2018099309 A1 WO2018099309 A1 WO 2018099309A1 CN 2017112518 W CN2017112518 W CN 2017112518W WO 2018099309 A1 WO2018099309 A1 WO 2018099309A1
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Prior art keywords
network device
bgp
bgp route
route
bmp
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PCT/CN2017/112518
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
徐海军
庄顺万
王海波
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华为技术有限公司
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Publication date
Application filed by 华为技术有限公司 filed Critical 华为技术有限公司
Priority to EP21205533.9A priority Critical patent/EP4037288A1/en
Priority to ES17875174T priority patent/ES2906888T3/es
Priority to EP17875174.9A priority patent/EP3534570B1/en
Publication of WO2018099309A1 publication Critical patent/WO2018099309A1/zh
Priority to US16/427,557 priority patent/US10892977B2/en
Priority to US17/146,338 priority patent/US11463345B2/en
Priority to US17/935,078 priority patent/US11855876B2/en

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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L45/00—Routing or path finding of packets in data switching networks
    • H04L45/02—Topology update or discovery
    • H04L45/033—Topology update or discovery by updating distance vector protocols
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L43/00—Arrangements for monitoring or testing data switching networks
    • H04L43/08—Monitoring or testing based on specific metrics, e.g. QoS, energy consumption or environmental parameters
    • H04L43/0805—Monitoring or testing based on specific metrics, e.g. QoS, energy consumption or environmental parameters by checking availability
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L45/00—Routing or path finding of packets in data switching networks
    • H04L45/02—Topology update or discovery
    • H04L45/04—Interdomain routing, e.g. hierarchical routing
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L12/00—Data switching networks
    • H04L12/66—Arrangements for connecting between networks having differing types of switching systems, e.g. gateways
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L45/00—Routing or path finding of packets in data switching networks
    • H04L45/02—Topology update or discovery
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L45/00—Routing or path finding of packets in data switching networks
    • H04L45/12—Shortest path evaluation
    • H04L45/128—Shortest path evaluation for finding disjoint paths
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L45/00—Routing or path finding of packets in data switching networks
    • H04L45/18—Loop-free operations
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L45/00—Routing or path finding of packets in data switching networks
    • H04L45/28—Routing or path finding of packets in data switching networks using route fault recovery
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L65/00—Network arrangements, protocols or services for supporting real-time applications in data packet communication
    • H04L65/1066—Session management
    • H04L65/1069—Session establishment or de-establishment
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L65/00—Network arrangements, protocols or services for supporting real-time applications in data packet communication
    • H04L65/1066—Session management
    • H04L65/1101—Session protocols
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L43/00—Arrangements for monitoring or testing data switching networks
    • H04L43/08—Monitoring or testing based on specific metrics, e.g. QoS, energy consumption or environmental parameters
    • H04L43/0805—Monitoring or testing based on specific metrics, e.g. QoS, energy consumption or environmental parameters by checking availability
    • H04L43/0811—Monitoring or testing based on specific metrics, e.g. QoS, energy consumption or environmental parameters by checking availability by checking connectivity

Definitions

  • the embodiments of the present invention relate to the field of communications technologies, and in particular, to a method and a network device for route detection.
  • the BGP Monitoring Protocol can monitor the BGP running status of devices on the network in real time.
  • the BGP running status includes the establishment and cancellation of peer relationships. However, when the BGP running status is normal, the validity of the BGP route cannot be detected.
  • the embodiment of the present application provides a method for route detection. It is used to solve the technical problem that the validity of the BGP route cannot be detected in the prior art.
  • an embodiment of the present application provides a method for route detection, where the method includes:
  • the first network device establishes a first BMP session with the second network device, and the first network device establishes a second BMP session with the third network device.
  • the first network device receives the second BGP route set sent by the third network device by using the second BMP session, where the second BGP route set includes one or more BGP routes received by the third network device from the second network device.
  • the first network device detects that the first BGP route exists in the second BGP route set, and the first BGP route does not exist in the first BGP route set, the first network device determines that the first BGP route is an unavailable route.
  • the first network device receives the first BGP route set sent by the second network device by using the first BMP session, and receives the second BGP route set sent by the third network device by using the second BMP session, where the first network device compares If the BGP routes in the two BGP route sets are the same, the second network device can detect the validity of the BGP route when the BGP route is advertised to the third network device.
  • the method further includes:
  • the first network device identifies that the first BGP route is an unavailable route, and sends the first BGP route that is identified as an unavailable route to the third network device.
  • the first network device determines that the first BGP route is unavailable, it will be the first The BGP route is sent to the third network device, and the third network device can stop using the first BGP route to forward the packet, which is beneficial to improving the reliability of packet forwarding in the network.
  • the method further includes:
  • the first network device uses the available routes in the second BGP route set to perform forwarding path planning, and the available routes in the second BGP route set do not include the first BGP route.
  • the first network device determines that the first BGP route is unavailable, the first network device does not use the first BGP route to perform forwarding path planning, which is beneficial to improving the reliability of packet forwarding in the network.
  • the second BGP route in the second BGP route set includes attribute information
  • the second BGP route is any BGP route in the second BGP route set
  • the attribute information includes one of the following information or Multiple:
  • FIB Forwarding Information Base
  • the embodiment of the present application provides a route detection method, where the method includes:
  • the second network device establishes a BMP session with the first network device.
  • the second network device generates a BMP message, where the BMP message includes a BGP route set, where the BGP route set includes a first BGP route that the second network device has sent to the third network device, and the third network device and the second network device have been established. BGP neighbors.
  • the second network device sends a BMP message to the first network device through the BMP session, to trigger the first network device to detect the BGP route in the BGP route set in the BMP message.
  • the BGP route set further includes a second BGP route received by the second network device, where the second BGP route includes attribute information, where the attribute information includes one or more of the following information:
  • the BMP message further includes specification information of the second network device, and the specification information includes one or more of the following information:
  • the number of BGP routes that the second network device can accommodate is the number of BGP routes that the second network device can accommodate
  • the BMP message further includes a BGP routing rule of the second network device, and the BGP routing rule includes one or more of the following:
  • the embodiment of the present application provides a first network device, where the first network device includes:
  • a receiving unit configured to receive, by using a first BMP session established by the establishing unit, a first BGP route set sent by the second network device, where the first BGP route set includes one or more BGP routes sent by the second network device to the third network device A BGP neighbor has been established between the third network device and the second network device.
  • the receiving unit is further configured to receive, by using a second BMP session established by the establishing unit, a second BGP route set sent by the third network device, where the second BGP route set includes one or more pieces received by the third network device from the second network device. BGP routing.
  • the detecting unit is configured to detect whether the first BGP route exists in the second BGP route set, and the first BGP route set does not have the first BGP route.
  • the determining unit is configured to: when the detecting unit detects that the second BGP route set has the first BGP route, and the first BGP route set does not have the first BGP route, determine that the first BGP route is an unavailable route.
  • the first network device further includes:
  • the processing unit is configured to identify that the first BGP route is an unavailable route after the determining unit determines that the first BGP route is an unavailable route.
  • a sending unit configured to send the first BGP route that identifies the processing unit as an unavailable route to the third network device.
  • the processing unit is further configured to perform forwarding path planning by using an available route in the second BGP route set, where the available route in the second BGP route set does not include the first BGP route.
  • the embodiment of the present application provides a second network device, where the second network device includes:
  • the establishing unit is configured to establish a BMP session with the first network device.
  • a generating unit configured to generate a BMP message, where the BMP message includes a BGP route set, where the BGP route set includes a first BGP route that the second network device has sent to the third network device, and the third network device and the second network device are established. BGP neighbors.
  • a sending unit configured to send a BMP message to the first network device by using the BMP session, to trigger the first network device to detect the BGP route in the BGP route set in the BMP message.
  • the embodiment of the present application provides a method for route detection, where the method includes:
  • the second network device establishes a BMP session with the first network device
  • the second network device generates a BMP message, where the BMP message includes a BGP route set, and the BGP route set includes a BGP route that the second network device has sent to the third network device, and the third network device and the second network device have been established.
  • BGP neighbors
  • the second network device sends the BMP message to the first network device by using the BMP session.
  • the second network device BGP route is sent to the third network device, and then the route is forwarded to the first network device, and the first network device may detect the outwardly released path of the second network device.
  • the embodiment of the present application provides a method for route detection, where the method includes:
  • the third network device establishes a BMP session with the first network device
  • the third network device generates a BMP message, where the BMP message includes a second BGP route set, and the second BGP road
  • the set includes one or more BGP routes received by the third network device from the second network device, and a BGP neighbor has been established between the third network device and the second network device;
  • the second BGP route in the second BGP route set includes attribute information, where the second BGP route is any one of the second BGP route set, and the attribute information includes one or more of the following information.
  • attribute information includes one or more of the following information.
  • the status information is sent to the second BGP routing information after being sent to the FIB.
  • the third network device receives the BGP route from the second network device, and then sends the BGP route to the first network device, where the BGP route includes attribute information, and the first network device can be more accurate according to the attribute information. Detect the availability of BGP routes.
  • the embodiment of the present application provides a third network device, where the third network device includes:
  • a generating unit configured to generate a BMP message, where the BMP message includes a second BGP route set, where the second BGP route set includes one or more BGP routes received by the third network device from the second network device, and the third network device A BGP neighbor has been established between the two network devices.
  • the second BGP route in the second BGP route set includes attribute information, where the second BGP route is Any BGP route in the BGP route set, where the attribute information includes one or more of the following information:
  • the status information is sent to the second BGP routing information after being sent to the FIB.
  • the embodiment of the present application provides a route detection system, where the system includes: a first network device, a second network device, and a third network device, where
  • a second network device configured to establish a first BMP session with the first network device, and send the first BGP route set to the first network device, where the first BGP route set includes a sent by the second network device to the third network device. Or multiple BGP routes, and a BGP neighbor has been established between the third network device and the second network device.
  • a third network device configured to establish a second BMP session with the first network device, and send a second BGP route set to the first network device, where the second BGP route set includes one or a third network device received from the second network device Multiple BGP routes.
  • a first network device configured to receive, by using the first BMP session, a first BGP route set sent by the second network device, and receive, by using the second BMP session, a second BGP route set sent by the third network device; when the first network device detects When the first BGP route exists in the second BGP route set, and the first BGP route does not exist in the first BGP route set, the first network device determines that the first BGP route is an unavailable route.
  • the embodiment of the present application provides a first network device, where the first network device includes a processor. And a memory, the program instructions and data are stored in the memory, and the processor is configured to call the program instructions in the memory to perform the corresponding functions in the method of the first aspect.
  • the embodiment of the present application provides a second network device, where the second network device includes a processor and a memory, where the program stores the program instructions and data, and the processor is configured to invoke the program instructions in the memory to perform the second aspect.
  • the corresponding function in the method is configured to invoke the program instructions in the memory to perform the second aspect.
  • the embodiment of the present application provides a third network device, where the network device includes a processor and a memory, where the program instruction and data are stored in the memory, and the processor is configured to call the program instruction in the memory to perform the sixth process.
  • the network device includes a processor and a memory, where the program instruction and data are stored in the memory, and the processor is configured to call the program instruction in the memory to perform the sixth process.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of an application scenario of a route detection method according to an embodiment of the present disclosure
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic flowchart of a route detection method according to an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic flowchart of another route detection method according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • FIG. 4 is a schematic flowchart diagram of another route detection method according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • FIG. 5 is a schematic structural diagram of a first network device according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • FIG. 6 is a schematic structural diagram of a second network device according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • FIG. 7 is a schematic structural diagram of another first network device according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • FIG. 8 is a schematic structural diagram of another second network device according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • FIG. 9 is a schematic diagram of a route detection system according to an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 10 is a schematic structural diagram of a third network device according to an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 11 is a schematic structural diagram of another third network device according to an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of an application scenario of a route detection method according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • the network scenario includes a first network device 101, a second network device 102, a third network device 103, a network device 104, a network device 105, and a network device 106.
  • the above network devices support BMP respectively.
  • a first BMP session is established between the first network device 101 and the second network device 102, and a second BMP session is established between the first network device 101 and the third network device 103.
  • a BGP neighbor is established between the second network device 102 and the third network device 103, and the second network device 102 sends a BGP route to the third network device 103 through BGP, and stores the sent BGP route in the second In the Adjacency-routing information base-output (Adj-RIB-Out) sent by the neighbor of the network device.
  • the third network device 103 stores the BGP route received from the second network device in an RIB (Adjacency-routing information base-input, Adj-RIB-In) received by the neighbor of the third network device 103.
  • the BGP route received by the third network device 103 from the second network device 102 is the same as the BGP route sent by the second network device 102 to the third network device 103, but when the network is abnormal, for example, the second The link between the network device 102 and the third network device 103 is unstable, or the network is attacked by a hacker.
  • the BGP route is rewritten in the process of the second network device 102 transmitting to the third network device 103.
  • the BGP route received by the third network device 103 cannot forward the packet.
  • the forwarding path from network device 106 through network device 103 to network device 102 will not be available.
  • the first network device 101 is required to detect the BGP route and optimize the forwarding path from the network device 106 to the network device 102.
  • the embodiment of the present application can be applied to an open flow network architecture with separate control and forwarding.
  • the control and forwarding separation separates the forwarding plane and the control plane of the network device and deploys them on two different devices. The two work together to complete the data in the network. Forwarding of the message.
  • a device of the corresponding control plane called a control device or a controller, is deployed on a separate device independent of the forwarding plane.
  • the device corresponding to the forwarding plane is called a forwarding device or a repeater.
  • the repeater has the ability to communicate with the controller.
  • the repeater can communicate with the controller through the control channel.
  • the second network device 102, the third network device 103, the network device 104, the network device 105, and the network device 106 may be a control forwarding separate network.
  • a repeater in the architecture may be a controller in a control forwarding separate network architecture, and the second network device 102, the third network device 103, the network device 104, the network device 105, and the network device 106 may be a control forwarding separate network.
  • the embodiment of the present application provides a method for route detection, where the method includes:
  • the first network device receives, by using the first BMP session, a first BGP route set sent by the second network device, where the first BGP route set includes the second network device to the third network.
  • One or more BGP routes sent by the device, and a BGP neighbor has been established between the third network device and the second network device.
  • the first network device receives, by using the second BMP session, a second BGP route set sent by the third network device, where the second BGP route set includes the third network device receiving from the second network device.
  • One or more BGP routes are possible.
  • the first network device determines The first BGP route is an unavailable route.
  • the second network device may send the first BGP route set to the first network device.
  • the third network device may send the second BGP route set to the first network device.
  • the BGP route in the first BGP route set is sent by the second network device to the third network device by using the BGP.
  • the BGP route in the first BGP route set is stored in the Adj-RIB-Out of the second network device, and then the second network device sends the BGP route in the Adj-RIB-Out to the first network device.
  • the third network device receives the second BGP route set from the second network device by using BGP, and stores the BGP route in the second BGP route set to the Adj-RIB-In of the third network device, and then the Adj-RIB-In The BGP route in the middle is sent to the first network device.
  • the first network device may be a controller in a control forwarding separate network architecture, the controller supports BMP, and has the function of a BMP server.
  • the second network device and the third network device also support BMP, respectively.
  • the second network device sends the route in the first BGP route set that is advertised to the third network device to the first network device, and the third network device receives the second BGP route set that will be received from the second network device.
  • the route is sent to the first network device, and the first network device compares the route between the first BGP route set and the second BGP route set, and if it is determined that the second BGP route set has the first BGP route, and the first BGP If the first BGP route does not exist in the route set, the first BGP route is modified in the process of sending the second network device to the third network device, and the first BGP route is determined to be an unavailable route, and cannot be used to guide route forwarding.
  • the first BGP route can be one or more BGP routes.
  • the method further includes:
  • the first network device identifies that the first BGP route is an unavailable route, and sends the first BGP route that is identified as an unavailable route to the third network device. In this way, when the first network device determines that the first BGP route is unavailable, the first BGP route is sent to the third network device, and the third network device can stop using the first BGP route to forward the packet, which is beneficial to improving the packet in the network. The reliability of forwarding.
  • the method further includes:
  • the first network device uses the available routes in the second BGP route set to perform forwarding path planning, and the available routes in the second BGP route set do not include the first BGP route.
  • the first network device as a controller in the network, can plan the forwarding path in the network.
  • the first BGP route is not used when the forwarding path is planned, and if Only the first BGP route reaches the specified destination on the third network device, and the planned forwarding path needs to avoid the third network device. For example, referring to FIG.
  • the third network device 103 receives a BGP route from the second network device 102 to the second network device, but the BGP route is detected as unavailable route through the first network device 103, and the Only one such BGP route on the three network devices 103 can reach the second network device 102, and the first network device 101 needs to avoid the third network device 103 when planning the forwarding path from the network device 106 to the network device 102. And other forwarding paths are selected, such as forwarding paths through the network device 106, the network device 105, the network device 104, and the second network device 102.
  • the second BGP route in the second BGP route set includes attribute information, where the second BGP route is any one of the second BGP route set, and the attribute information includes the following information.
  • the second BGP route is any one of the second BGP route set
  • the attribute information includes the following information.
  • the priority information of the second BGP route may be used to identify the priority of the second BGP route when performing path selection or packet forwarding, so that the first network device can perform forwarding path planning more efficiently according to the priority level information.
  • the status information of the second BGP route in the RIB may identify the status of the second BGP route in the RIB in the third network device. If the status of the second BGP route in the RIB is inactive, The second BGP route cannot be used for routing or guiding packet forwarding.
  • the indication information of the second BGP route may be used to identify whether the second BGP route has been delivered to the FIB of the third network device. If the indication information indicates that the second BGP route is not delivered to the FIB, the second BGP route is Cannot be used for routing or to guide packet forwarding.
  • the status information sent by the second BGP route to the FIB can identify the status of the second BGP route in the FIB. If the status of the second BGP route is unavailable in the FIB, the second BGP route cannot be used for routing. Or guide the message forwarding.
  • the embodiment of the present application provides a method for route detection, where the method includes:
  • the third network device establishes a BMP session with the first network device
  • the third network device generates a BMP message, where the BMP message includes a second BGP route set, where the second BGP route set includes one or more BGP routes received by the third network device from the second network device, and the third network device and the second network device BGP neighbors have been established between network devices.
  • the second BGP route in the second BGP route set includes attribute information, where the second BGP route is any one of the second BGP route set, and the attribute information includes one or more of the following information.
  • attribute information includes one or more of the following information.
  • the embodiment of the present application provides a method for route detection, where the method includes:
  • the second network device establishes a BMP session with the first network device.
  • the second network device generates a BMP message, where the BMP message includes a BGP route set, where the BGP route set includes a first BGP route that the second network device has sent to the third network device, and the third A BGP neighbor has been established between the network device and the second network device;
  • the second network device sends the BMP message to the first network device by using the BMP session. After receiving the BMP message, the first network device may detect the BGP route in the BGP route set in the BMP message.
  • the first network device detects the BGP route in the BGP route set.
  • the BGP route in the BGP route set.
  • the BMP message further includes specification information of the second network device, where the specification information includes one or more of the following information:
  • the number of BGP routes that the second network device can accommodate is the number of BGP routes that the second network device can accommodate
  • the characteristic information supported by the second network device is the characteristic information supported by the second network device.
  • the first network device can control the number of BGP routes that can be sent to the second network device by using the number of BGP routes that can be accommodated by the second network device, so as to avoid exceeding the BGP route specification of the second network device, and causing the memory consumption of the second network device. If the second network device fails to receive the BGP route sent by the first network device, the packet cannot be forwarded normally.
  • the default configuration parameter may be a BGP default configuration parameter or a system default configuration parameter.
  • the BGP default configuration parameter may be the number of neighbors supported by BGP or the number of supported BGP load balancing, and the first network device. After the BGP default configuration parameters are obtained, the second network device can be monitored more effectively, for example, the number of BGP load balancing of the second network device is controlled.
  • the first network device can manage the second network device more flexibly by obtaining the standard information or the characteristic information of the second network device. For example, when the second network device does not support a certain feature, the configuration related to the feature is avoided. Deployed on the second network device. When the second network device part supports a certain standard, the technical solution related to the standard is prevented from being deployed on the second network device.
  • the BMP message further includes a BGP routing rule of the second network device, where the BGP routing rule includes one or more of the following:
  • the first network device can effectively perform path planning and selection by obtaining a BGP routing rule of the second network device.
  • the embodiment of the present application provides a first network device 500, where the first network device 500 in FIG. 5 can perform the method in the embodiment shown in FIG. 2 or FIG.
  • the first network device 500 can be the first network device in the embodiment described in FIG. 2, FIG. 3 or FIG.
  • the first network device 500 includes:
  • the establishing unit 501 is configured to establish a first BMP session with the second network device, and establish a second BMP session with the third network device.
  • the receiving unit 502 is configured to receive, by using the first BMP session established by the establishing unit 501, a first BGP route set sent by the second network device, where the first BGP route set includes the second network device One or more BGP routes sent by the third network device, and a BGP neighbor relationship has been established between the third network device and the second network device;
  • the receiving unit 502 is further configured to receive, by the second BMP session established by the establishing unit 501, a second BGP route set sent by the third network device, where the second BGP route set includes the third One or more BGP routes received by the network device from the second network device;
  • the detecting unit 503 is configured to detect that the first BGP route exists in the second BGP route set, and the first BGP route set does not exist in the first BGP route;
  • a determining unit 504 configured to: when the detecting unit 503 detects that the second BGP route set has a first BGP route, and the first BGP route set does not have the first BGP route, determine the first BGP routes are unavailable routes.
  • the first network device 500 further includes:
  • a processing unit configured to: after the determining unit determines that the first BGP route is an unavailable route, identify that the first BGP route is an unavailable route;
  • a sending unit configured to send, by the processing unit, the first BGP route that is an unavailable route to the third network device.
  • processing unit is further configured to perform forwarding path planning by using an available route in the second BGP route set, where the available route in the second BGP route set does not include the first BGP route.
  • the embodiment of the present application provides a second network device 600, where the second network device 600 in FIG. 6 can perform the implementation shown in FIG. 2, FIG. 3 or FIG. The method in the example.
  • the second network device 600 can be the second network device in FIG. 2, FIG. 3 or FIG. 4, and the network device 600 includes:
  • the establishing unit 601 is configured to establish a BMP session with the first network device.
  • the generating unit 602 is configured to generate a BMP message, where the BMP message includes a BGP route set, where the BGP route set includes a first BGP route that the second network device has sent to the third network device, where the third network device Establishing a BGP neighbor relationship with the second network device;
  • the sending unit 603 is configured to send the BMP message to the first network device by using the BMP session, to trigger the first network device to detect a BGP route in the BGP route set in the BMP message. .
  • a first network device 700 is provided in the embodiment of the present application, where the first network device 700 in FIG. 7 can perform the method in the embodiment shown in FIG. 2, FIG. 3 or FIG.
  • the first network device 700 can be the first network device in the embodiment described in FIG. 2, FIG. 3 or FIG.
  • the first network device 700 includes a processor 701, a network interface 702, and a memory 703.
  • the processor 701 includes but is not limited to a CPU, a network processor (English: Network Processor, NP for short), an application-specific integrated circuit (ASIC) or a programmable logic device (English: Programmable Logic Device).
  • ASIC application-specific integrated circuit
  • PLD Programmable Logic Device
  • the above PLD can be a complex programmable logic device (English: Complex Programmable Logic Device, abbreviation: CPLD), Field-Programmable Gate Array (English: Field-Programmable Gate Array, abbreviation: FPGA), general array logic (English: Generic Array Logic, abbreviation: GAL) or any combination thereof.
  • CPLD Complex Programmable Logic Device
  • FPGA Field-Programmable Gate Array
  • GAL Generic Array Logic
  • the memory 703 may be, but not limited to, a content-addressable memory (English: Content-Addressable Memory, CAM for short), such as a Ternary CAM (TCAM), a random access memory (English: Random-Access Memory, referred to as RAM.
  • a content-addressable memory English: Content-Addressable Memory, CAM for short
  • TCAM Ternary CAM
  • RAM Random-Access Memory
  • the network interface 702 can include a common physical interface, and the physical interface can be an Ethernet interface or an Asynchronous Transfer Mode (ATM) interface.
  • the processor 701, network interface 702, and memory 703 can be integrated into one or more separate circuits or hardware, such as an ASIC.
  • the memory 703 can be used to store the program code and data of the first network device 700, and the processor 701 is used to call the program instructions in the memory 703 to execute the method shown in the foregoing embodiment.
  • the specific implementation steps refer to the foregoing embodiment, where Not to repeat.
  • FIG. 8 is a schematic structural diagram of a second network device 800 according to an embodiment of the present application.
  • the second network device 800 provided in this embodiment may be applied to the method in the embodiment of FIG. 2, FIG. 3 or FIG. 4 to implement the function of the second network device.
  • the second network device 700 can be the second network in the embodiment described in FIG. 2, FIG. 3 or FIG. device.
  • the second network device 800 includes a processor 801, a network interface 802, a memory 803, and.
  • Processor 801 includes, but is not limited to, one or more of a CPU, NP, ASIC, or PLD.
  • the above PLD may be a CPLD, an FPGA, a GAL, or any combination thereof.
  • Memory 803 can be, but not limited to, a CAM, such as a TCAM or RAM.
  • the network interface 802 can include a common physical interface, which can be an Ethernet interface or an ATM interface.
  • the processor 801, network interface 802, and memory 803 can be integrated into one or more separate circuits or hardware, such as an ASIC.
  • the memory 803 can be used to store the program code and data of the second network device 800, and the processor 801 is used to call the program instructions in the memory 803 to execute the method shown in the foregoing embodiment.
  • the specific implementation steps refer to the foregoing embodiment, where the Narration.
  • an embodiment of the present application provides a route detection system 900, where the system includes: a first network device 901, a second network device 902, and a third network device 903, where
  • the second network device 902 is configured to establish a first BMP session with the first network device 901, and send the first BGP route set to the first network device 901.
  • the first BGP route set includes the second network device 902 to the third network.
  • One or more BGP routes sent by the device 903, and a BGP neighbor relationship has been established between the third network device 903 and the second network device 902.
  • the third network device 903 is configured to establish a second BMP session with the first network device 903, and send a second BGP route set to the first network device 901, where the second BGP route set includes the third network device 903 from the second network device.
  • the first network device 901 is configured to receive, by using the first BMP session, a first BGP route set sent by the second network device 902, and receive, by using the second BMP session, a second BGP route set sent by the third network device 903.
  • the device 901 detects that the first BGP route exists in the second BGP route set, and the first BGP route does not exist in the first BGP route set, the first network device 901 determines that the first BGP route is an unavailable route.
  • the first network device 901 may be the first network device in the embodiment shown in FIG. 2, FIG. 3, FIG. 4, FIG. 5 or FIG. 7.
  • the second network device 902 may be as shown in FIG. 2 and FIG.
  • the second network device in the embodiment shown in FIG. 4, FIG. 6, or FIG. 8 may be the third network device in the embodiment shown in FIG. 2, FIG. 3 or FIG.
  • the embodiment of the present application provides a third network device 1000, wherein the third network device 1000 in FIG. 10 can perform the method in the embodiment shown in FIG.
  • the third network device 1000 may be the third network device in FIG. 2, FIG. 3 or FIG. 4, and the third network device 1000 includes:
  • the establishing unit 1001 is configured to establish a BMP session with the first network device.
  • the generating unit 1002 is configured to generate a BMP message, where the BMP message includes a second BGP route set, where the second BGP route set includes one or more BGP routes received by the third network device from the second network device, where the third network device is A BGP neighbor has been established between the second network devices;
  • the sending unit 1003 is configured to send the BMP message to the first network device by using the BMP session; the second BGP route in the second BGP route set includes attribute information, where the second BGP route is Any BGP route in the second BGP route set, where the attribute information includes one of the following information or Multiple:
  • the status information is sent to the second BGP routing information after being sent to the FIB.
  • FIG. 11 is a schematic structural diagram of a third network device 1100 according to an embodiment of the present application.
  • the third network device 1100 provided in this embodiment may be applied to the method in the embodiment of FIG. 3 to implement the functions of the third network device.
  • the third network device 1100 may be the third network device in FIG. 2, FIG. 3 or FIG. 4.
  • the third network device 1100 includes a processor 1101, a network interface 1102, and a memory 1103.
  • Processor 1101 includes, but is not limited to, one or more of a CPU, NP, ASIC, or PLD.
  • the above PLD may be a CPLD, an FPGA, a GAL, or any combination thereof.
  • Memory 1103 can be, but not limited to, a CAM, such as a TCAM or RAM.
  • the network interface 1102 can include a common physical interface, which can be an Ethernet interface or an ATM interface.
  • the processor 1101, network interface 1102, and memory 1103 can be integrated into one or more separate circuits or hardware, such as an ASIC.
  • the memory 1103 can be used to store the program code and data of the second network device 1100, and the processor 1101 is used to call the program instructions in the memory 1103 to execute the method shown in the foregoing embodiment.
  • the specific implementation steps refer to the foregoing embodiment, where the Narration.

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Abstract

本申请公开了一种路由检测的方法及网络设备，该方法包括：第一网络设备与第二网络设备建立第一BMP会话，第一网络设备与第三网络设备建立第二BMP会话；第一网络设备通过第一BMP会话接收第二网络设备发送的第一BGP路由集合，第一BGP路由集合包括第二网络设备向第三网络设备发送的BGP路由，第三网络设备与第二网络设备之间建立了BGP邻居；第一网络设备通过第二BMP会话接收第三网络设备发送的第二BGP路由集合，第二BGP路由集合包括第三网络设备从第二网络设备接收的BGP路由；当第一网络设备检测到第二BGP路由集合存在第一BGP路由，并且第一BGP路由集合不存在第一BGP路由时，确定第一BGP路由为不可用路由。通过该方法第一网络设备能够对BGP路由信息的有效性进行检测。

Description

一种路由检测的方法及网络设备
本申请要求于2016年12月1日提交中国专利局、申请号为201611094351.9、申请名称为“一种路由检测的方法及网络设备”的中国专利申请的优先权，其全部内容通过引用结合在本申请中。
技术领域
本申请实施例涉及通信技术领域，特别涉及一种路由检测的方法及网络设备。
背景技术
边界网关协议(Border gateway protocol，BGP)监控协议(BGP Monitoring Protocol，BMP)能够对网络中的设备的BGP运行状态进行实时监控，BGP运行状态包括对等体关系的建立与解除等。但是，在BGP运行状态正常的情况下，并不能对BGP路由的有效性进行检测。
发明内容
本申请实施例提供了一种路由检测的方法。用于解决现有技术中不能对BGP路由的有效性进行检测的技术问题。
第一方面，本申请实施例提供了一种路由检测的方法，该方法包括：
第一网络设备与第二网络设备建立第一BMP会话，第一网络设备与第三网络设备建立第二BMP会话。第一网络设备通过第一BMP会话接收第二网络设备发送的第一BGP路由集合，第一BGP路由集合包括第二网络设备向第三网络设备发送的一条或多条BGP路由，第三网络设备与第二网络设备之间已经建立了BGP邻居。第一网络设备通过第二BMP会话接收第三网络设备发送的第二BGP路由集合，第二BGP路由集合包括第三网络设备从第二网络设备接收的一条或多条BGP路由。当第一网络设备检测到第二BGP路由集合存在第一BGP路由，并且第一BGP路由集合不存在第一BGP路由时，第一网络设备确定第一BGP路由为不可用路由。
上述方案中，第一网络设备通过第一BMP会话接收第二网络设备发送的第一BGP路由集合，通过第二BMP会话接收第三网络设备发送的第二BGP路由集合，第一网络设备通过比较两个BGP路由集合中的BGP路由是否相同，即可判断第二网络设备向第三网络设备发布BGP路由的过程中是否出现异常，能够对BGP路由的有效性进行检测。
在一种可能的实现方式中，第一网络设备确定第一BGP路由为不可用路由之后，所述方法还包括：
第一网络设备标识第一BGP路由为不可用路由，并将标识为不可用路由的第一BGP路由向第三网络设备发送。当第一网络设备判断第一BGP路由不可用时，将第一 BGP路由发送给第三网络设备，第三网络设备可以停止使用第一BGP路由进行报文转发，有利于提高网络中报文转发的可靠性。
在一种可能的实现方式中，所述方法还包括：
第一网络设备使用第二BGP路由集合中的可用路由进行转发路径规划，第二BGP路由集合中的可用路由不包括第一BGP路由。当第一网络设备判断第一BGP路由不可用时，第一网络设备不再使用第一BGP路由进行转发路径规划，有利于提高网络中报文转发的可靠性。
在一种可能的实现方式中，第二BGP路由集合中的第二BGP路由包括属性信息，第二BGP路由为第二BGP路由集合中的任意一条BGP路由，属性信息包括以下信息中的一个或多个：
用于标识第二BGP路由的优先级的优先级信息；
用于标识第二BGP路由在第一网络设备中的路由信息库(Routing Information Base，RIB)中的状态的状态信息；
用于标识第二BGP路由是否下发到转发信息库(Forwarding Information Base，FIB)的指示信息；
用于标识第二BGP路由信息下发到FIB后的状态信息。
第二方面，本申请实施例提供了一种路由检测方法，所述方法包括：
第二网络设备与第一网络设备建立BMP会话。第二网络设备生成BMP消息，BMP消息包括BGP路由集合，BGP路由集合包括第二网络设备已经向第三网络设备发送的第一BGP路由，第三网络设备与第二网络设备之间已经建立了BGP邻居。第二网络设备通过BMP会话向第一网络设备发送BMP消息，以触发第一网络设备对BMP消息中的BGP路由集合中的BGP路由进行检测。
在一种可能的实现方式中，BGP路由集合还包括第二网络设备接收的第二BGP路由，第二BGP路由包含属性信息，属性信息包括以下信息中的一个或多个：
用于标识第二BGP路由的优先级的优先级信息；
用于标识第二BGP路由在路由信息库RIB中的状态的状态信息；
用于标识第二BGP路由是否已经向第三网络设备发布的发布信息；
用于标识第二BGP路由是否下发到转发信息库FIB的指示信息；
用于标识第二BGP路由下发到FIB后的状态信息。
在一种可能的实现方式中，BMP消息还包括第二网络设备的规格信息，规格信息包括以下信息中的一个多个：
第二网络设备能容纳的BGP路由的数量；
第二网络设备的缺省配置参数；
第二网络设备支持的标准信息；
第二网络设备支持的特性信息。
在一种可能的实现方式中，BMP消息还包括第二网络设备的BGP选路规则，BGP选路规则包括以下一个或多个：
自治域路径(Autonomous Systems，AS)路径(Path)长度短的BGP路由优选的规则；
路由存活时间长的BGP路由优选的规则。
第三方面，本申请实施例提供了一种第一网络设备，第一网络设备包括：
建立单元，用于与第二网络设备建立第一BMP会话，并与第三网络设备建立第二BMP会话。
接收单元，用于通过建立单元建立的第一BMP会话接收第二网络设备发送的第一BGP路由集合，第一BGP路由集合包括第二网络设备向第三网络设备发送的一条或多条BGP路由，第三网络设备与第二网络设备之间已经建立了BGP邻居。
该接收单元，还用于通过建立单元建立的第二BMP会话接收第三网络设备发送的第二BGP路由集合，第二BGP路由集合包括第三网络设备从第二网络设备接收的一条或多条BGP路由。
检测单元，用于检测第二BGP路由集合中是否存在第一BGP路由，并且第一BGP路由集合不存在第一BGP路由。
确定单元，用于当检测单元检测到第二BGP路由集合存在第一BGP路由，并且第一BGP路由集合不存在第一BGP路由时，确定第一BGP路由为不可用路由。
在一种可能的实现方式中，第一网络设备还包括：
处理单元，用于当确定单元确定第一BGP路由为不可用路由之后，标识第一BGP路由为不可用路由。
发送单元，用于将处理单元标识为不可用路由的第一BGP路由向第三网络设备发送。
在一种可能的实现方式中，处理单元，还用于使用第二BGP路由集合中的可用路由进行转发路径规划，第二BGP路由集合中的可用路由不包括第一BGP路由。
第四方面，本申请实施例提供了一种第二网络设备，第二网络设备包括：
建立单元，用于与第一网络设备建立BMP会话。
生成单元，用于生成BMP消息，BMP消息包括BGP路由集合，BGP路由集合包括第二网络设备已经向第三网络设备发送的第一BGP路由，第三网络设备与第二网络设备之间已建立了BGP邻居。
发送单元，用于通过BMP会话向第一网络设备发送BMP消息，以触发第一网络设备对BMP消息中的BGP路由集合中的BGP路由进行检测。
第五方面，本申请实施例提供了一种路由检测的方法，所述方法包括：
第二网络设备与第一网络设备建立BMP会话；
第二网络设备生成BMP消息，BMP消息包括BGP路由集合，BGP路由集合包括所述第二网络设备已经向第三网络设备发送的BGP路由，第三网络设备与第二网络设备之间已经建立了BGP邻居；
所述第二网络设备通过所述BMP会话向所述第一网络设备发送所述BMP消息。
上述方案中，第二网络设备BGP路由向第三网络设备发送，然后再将该路由向第一网络设备，第一网络设备可以针对第二网络设备的向外发布的路径进行检测。
第六方面，本申请实施例提供了一种路由检测的方法，所述方法包括：
第三网络设备与第一网络设备建立BMP会话；
第三网络设备生成BMP消息，BMP消息包括第二BGP路由集合，第二BGP路 由集合包括所述第三网络设备从第二网络设备接收的一条或多条BGP路由，第三网络设备与第二网络设备之间已经建立了BGP邻居；
所述第三网络设备通过所述BMP会话向所述第一网络设备发送所述BMP消息；
所述第二BGP路由集合中的第二BGP路由包括属性信息，所述第二BGP路由为所述第二BGP路由集合中的任意一条BGP路由，所述属性信息包括以下信息中的一个或多个：
用于标识所述第二BGP路由的优先级的优先级信息；
用于标识所述第二BGP路由在所述第三网络设备中的RIB中的状态的状态信息；
用于标识所述第二BGP路由是否下发到转发信息库FIB的指示信息；
用于标识所述第二BGP路由信息下发到FIB后的状态信息。
上述方案中，第三网络设备从第二网络设备接收的BGP路由，然后将这些BGP路由发送给第一网络设备，这些BGP路由中包含有属性信息，第一网络设备根据这些属性信息能够更精确地检测BGP路由的可用性。
第七方面，本申请实施例提供了一种第三网络设备，所述第三网络设备包括：
建立单元，用于与第一网络设备建立BMP会话；
生成单元，用于生成BMP消息，BMP消息包括第二BGP路由集合，第二BGP路由集合包括所述第三网络设备从第二网络设备接收的一条或多条BGP路由，第三网络设备与第二网络设备之间已经建立了BGP邻居；
发送单元，用于通过所述BMP会话向所述第一网络设备发送所述BMP消息；所述第二BGP路由集合中的第二BGP路由包括属性信息，所述第二BGP路由为所述第二BGP路由集合中的任意一条BGP路由，所述属性信息包括以下信息中的一个或多个：
用于标识所述第二BGP路由的优先级的优先级信息；
用于标识所述第二BGP路由在所述第三网络设备中的RIB中的状态的状态信息；
用于标识所述第二BGP路由是否下发到转发信息库FIB的指示信息；
用于标识所述第二BGP路由信息下发到FIB后的状态信息。
第八方面，本申请实施例提供了一种路由检测系统，所述系统包括：第一网络设备、第二网络设备和第三网络设备，其中，
第二网络设备，用于与第一网络设备建立第一BMP会话，并向第一网络设备发送的第一BGP路由集合，第一BGP路由集合包括第二网络设备向第三网络设备发送的一条或多条BGP路由，第三网络设备与第二网络设备之间已建立了BGP邻居。
第三网络设备，用于与第一网络设备建立第二BMP会话，并向第一网络设备发送第二BGP路由集合，第二BGP路由集合包括第三网络设备从第二网络设备接收的一条或多条BGP路由。
第一网络设备，用于通过第一BMP会话接收第二网络设备发送的第一BGP路由集合；通过第二BMP会话接收第三网络设备发送的第二BGP路由集合；当第一网络设备检测到第二BGP路由集合存在第一BGP路由，并且第一BGP路由集合不存在第一BGP路由时，第一网络设备确定第一BGP路由为不可用路由。
第九方面，本申请实施例提供了一种第一网络设备，该第一网络设备包括处理器 和存储器，存储器中存储了程序指令和数据，处理器用于调用存储器中的程序指令执行第一方面的方法中相应的功能。
第十方面，本申请实施例提供了一种第二网络设备，该第二网络设备包括处理器和存储器，存储器中存储了程序指令和数据，处理器用于调用存储器中的程序指令执行第二方面的方法中相应的功能。
第十一方面，本申请实施例提供了一种第三网络设备，该第而网络设备包括处理器和存储器，存储器中存储了程序指令和数据，处理器用于调用存储器中的程序指令执行第六方面的方法中相应的功能。
附图说明
为了更清楚地说明本申请实施例中的技术方案，下面将对实施例描述中所需要使用的附图作简单地介绍，显而易见地，下面描述中的附图仅仅是本申请的一些实施例，对于本领域普通技术人员来讲，在不付出创造性劳动的前提下，还可以根据这些附图获得其它的附图。
图1为本申请实施例提供的一种路由检测的方法应用场景示意图；
图2为本申请实施例提供的一种路由检测方法的流程示意图；
图3为本申请实施例提供的另一种路由检测方法的流程示意图；
图4为本申请实施例提供的另一种路由检测方法的流程示意图；
图5为本申请实施例提供的一种第一网络设备的结构示意图；
图6为本申请实施例提供的一种第二网络设备的结构示意图；
图7为本申请实施例提供的另一种第一网络设备的结构示意图；
图8为本申请实施例提供的另一种第二网络设备的结构示意图；
图9为本申请实施例提供的一种路由检测系统的示意图；
图10为本申请实施例提供的一种第三网络设备的结构示意图；
图11为本申请实施例提供的另一种第三网络设备的结构示意图。
具体实施方式
下面结合附图，对本发明的实施例进行描述。
参见图1，图1为本申请实施例提供的一种路由检测方法的应用场景示意图。该网络场景包括：第一网络设备101、第二网络设备102、第三网络设备103、网络设备104、网络设备105和网络设备106。上述网络设备分别支持BMP。第一网络设备101与第二网络设备102之间建立第一BMP会话，第一网络设备101与第三网络设备103之间建立第二BMP会话。第二网络设备102与第三网络设备103之间建立有BGP邻居，所述第二网络设备102通过BGP向第三网络设备103发送BGP路由，并将发送过的BGP路由存储在所述第二网络设备邻居发送的RIB(Adjacency-routing information base-output,Adj-RIB-Out)中。第三网络设备103将从第二网络设备接收的BGP路由存储在第三网络设备103的邻居接收到的RIB(Adjacency-routing information base-input，Adj-RIB-In)中。
在网络正常的情况下，第三网络设备103从第二网络设备102接收的BGP路由与第二网络设备102向第三网络设备103发送的BGP路由相同，但当网络出现异常时，例如第二网络设备102与第三网络设备103之间链路不稳定，或网络被黑客攻击，导 致BGP路由在第二网络设备102向第三网络设备103发送的过程中被改写，这时，第三网络设备103接收到的BGP路由将不能正常的指导报文转发。此时，从网络设备106经过网络设备103到网络设备102的转发路径将不可用。在这种情况下，就需要第一网络设备101对BGP路由进行检测，并对从网络设备106到网络设备102的转发路径进行优化。
可选地，本申请实施例可以应用到一种控制、转发分离的开放流网络架构。与传统的集中式架构的网络设备相比，控制和转发分离是将对网络设备的转发平面与控制平面分离开来，部署在两个不同的设备上，两者协同工作，完成对网络中数据报文的转发。对应的控制平面的设备，称为控制设备或控制器(Controller)，部署在独立于转发平面之外的独立设备之上，对应的转发平面的设备，称为转发设备或转发器。转发器具备与控制器进行通信的能力。转发器能够通过控制通道与控制器通信。图1中的第一网络设备101可以为控制转发分离网络架构中的控制器，第二网络设备102、第三网络设备103、网络设备104、网络设备105和网络设备106可以为控制转发分离网络架构中的转发器。
参见图2，结合图1所示的应用场景，本申请实施例提供了一种路由检测的方法，该方法包括：
201，第一网络设备和第二网络设备之间建立第一BMP会话。
202，所述第一网络设备和第三网络设备之间建立第二BMP会话。
203，所述第一网络设备通过所述第一BMP会话接收所述第二网络设备发送的第一BGP路由集合，所述第一BGP路由集合包括所述第二网络设备向所述第三网络设备发送的一条或多条BGP路由，所述第三网络设备与所述第二网络设备之间已经建立了BGP邻居。
204，第一网络设备通过所述第二BMP会话接收所述第三网络设备发送的第二BGP路由集合，所述第二BGP路由集合包括所述第三网络设备从所述第二网络设备接收的一条或多条BGP路由。
205，当所述第一网络设备检测到所述第二BGP路由集合存在第一BGP路由，并且所述第一BGP路由集合不存在所述第一BGP路由时，所述第一网络设备确定所述第一BGP路由为不可用路由。
上述步骤201和202之间没有严格的顺序关系，上述步骤203和204之间没有严格的顺序关系。当第一网络设备和第二网络设备之间建立第一BMP会话后，第二网络设备即可向第一网络设备发送第一BGP路由集合。当第一网络设备和第三网络设备之间建立第二BMP会话后，第三网络设备即可向第一网络设备发送第二BGP路由集合。
所述第一BGP路由集合中的BGP路由为第二网络设备通过BGP向第三网络设备发送的，第二网络设备在将第一BGP路由集合中的BGP路由向第三网络设备发送之后，将第一BGP路由集合中的BGP路由存储到第二网络设备的Adj-RIB-Out中，然后第二网络设备将Adj-RIB-Out中的BGP路由向第一网络设备发送。第三网络设备通过BGP从第二网络设备接收第二BGP路由集合，并将第二BGP路由集合中的BGP路由存储到第三网络设备的Adj-RIB-In中，然后将Adj-RIB-In中的BGP路由向第一网络设备发送。
可选地，第一网络设备可以是控制转发分离网络架构中的控制器，该控制器支持BMP，具有BMP服务器的功能。第二网络设备和第三网络设备也分别支持BMP。
通过上述技术方案，第二网络设备将向第三网络设备发布的第一BGP路由集合中的路由发送到第一网络设备，第三网络设备将从第二网络设备接收到的第二BGP路由集合中的路由发送到第一网络设备，由第一网络设备对第一BGP路由集合和第二BGP路由集合中的路由进行比较，如果判断第二BGP路由集合存在第一BGP路由，并且第一BGP路由集合不存在第一BGP路由，则说明第一BGP路由在第二网络设备向第三网络设备发送过程中被修改，确定所述第一BGP路由为不可用路由，不能用于指导路由转发。该第一BGP路由可以为一条或多条BGP路由。
可选地，所述第一网络设备确定所述第一BGP路由为不可用路由之后，所述方法还包括：
所述第一网络设备标识所述第一BGP路由为不可用路由，并将标识为不可用路由的所述第一BGP路由向所述第三网络设备发送。这样，当第一网络设备判断第一BGP路由不可用时，将第一BGP路由发送给第三网络设备，第三网络设备可以停止使用第一BGP路由进行报文转发，有利于提高网络中报文转发的可靠性。
可选地，所述方法还包括：
所述第一网络设备使用所述第二BGP路由集合中的可用路由进行转发路径规划，所述第二BGP路由集合中的可用路由不包括所述第一BGP路由。
第一网络设备作为网络中的控制器，可以对网络中的转发路径进行规划，当检测到第一BGP路由不可用时，则在进行转发路径规划时，不再使用第一BGP路由，并且，如果第三网络设备上只有该第一BGP路由到达指定目的地，规划的转发路径需要避开第三网络设备。举例来说：参见图1，如果第三网络设备103从第二网络设备102接收了到达第二网络设备的一条BGP路由，但该BGP路由经过第一网络设备103检测为不可用路由，并且第三网络设备103上只有这样的一条BGP路由能到达第二网络设备102，则第一网络设备101在进行从网络设备106到网络设备102的转发路径进行规划时，需要避开第三网络设备103，而选择其他的转发路径，如：经过网络设备106、网络设备105、网络设备104和第二网络设备102的转发路径。
可选地，所述第二BGP路由集合中的第二BGP路由包括属性信息，所述第二BGP路由为所述第二BGP路由集合中的任意一条BGP路由，所述属性信息包括以下信息中的一个或多个：
用于标识所述第二BGP路由的优先级的优先级信息；
用于标识所述第二BGP路由在所述第三网络设备中的RIB中的状态的状态信息；
用于标识所述第二BGP路由是否下发到FIB的指示信息；
用于标识所述第二BGP路由下发到FIB后的状态信息。
第二BGP路由的优先级信息可以标识第二BGP路由在进行路径选择或报文转发时的优先级，这样，第一网络设备可以根据该优先级别信息更加高效的进行转发路径规划。
第二BGP路由在RIB中的状态信息可以标识第二BGP路由在所述第三网络设备中的RIB中的状态，如果第二BGP路由在RIB中状态为非激活状态(inactive)，则 该第二BGP路由就不能用于路由选择或指导报文转发。
第二BGP路由的指示信息可以标识第二BGP路由是否已经下发到第三网络设备的FIB中，如果该指示信息表示该第二BGP路由没有下发到FIB中，则该第二BGP路由就不能用于路由选择或指导报文转发。
第二BGP路由下发到FIB中的状态信息可以标识第二BGP路由在FIB中的状态，如果第二BGP路由在FIB中状态为不可用状态，则该第二BGP路由就不能用于路由选择或指导报文转发。
参见图3，结合图1所示的应用场景，本申请实施例提供了一种路由检测的方法，该方法包括：
第三网络设备与第一网络设备建立BMP会话；
第三网络设备生成BMP消息，BMP消息包括第二BGP路由集合，第二BGP路由集合包括所述第三网络设备从第二网络设备接收的一条或多条BGP路由，第三网络设备与第二网络设备之间已经建立了BGP邻居；
所述第三网络设备通过所述BMP会话向所述第一网络设备发送所述BMP消息；
所述第二BGP路由集合中的第二BGP路由包括属性信息，所述第二BGP路由为所述第二BGP路由集合中的任意一条BGP路由，所述属性信息包括以下信息中的一个或多个：
用于标识所述第二BGP路由的优先级的优先级信息；
用于标识所述第二BGP路由在所述第三网络设备中的RIB中的状态的状态信息；
用于标识所述第二BGP路由是否下发到FIB的指示信息；
用于标识所述第二BGP路由下发到FIB后的状态信息。
上述各属性信息的详细描述可以参见图2所示实施例，此处不再赘述。
参见图4，结合图1所示的应用场景，本申请实施例提供了一种路由检测的方法，该方法包括：
401，第二网络设备与第一网络设备建立BMP会话；
402，所述第二网络设备生成BMP消息，所述BMP消息包括BGP路由集合，所述BGP路由集合包括所述第二网络设备已经向第三网络设备发送的第一BGP路由，所述第三网络设备与所述第二网络设备之间已经建立了BGP邻居；
403，所述第二网络设备通过所述BMP会话向所述第一网络设备发送所述BMP消息。所述第一网络设备在接收到该BMP消息后，可以对BMP消息中的所述BGP路由集合中的BGP路由进行检测。
可选地，所述第一网络设备对所述BGP路由集合中的BGP路由进行检测可以参见图2所示实施例的描述，此处不再赘述。
可选地，所述BMP消息还包括所述第二网络设备的规格信息，所述规格信息包括以下信息中的一个多个：
所述第二网络设备能容纳的BGP路由的数量；
所述第二网络设备的缺省配置参数；
所述第二网络设备支持的标准信息；
所述第二网络设备支持的特性信息。
第一网络设备通过获得第二网络设备能容纳的BGP路由的数量，可以控制向第二网络设备发送BGP路由的数量，避免超过第二网络设备的BGP路由规格，导致第二网络设备的内存耗尽，或导致第二网络设备不能正常接收第一网络设备发送的BGP路由，而不能正常的转发报文。
所述缺省配置参数可以为BGP缺省配置参数或系统缺省配置参数，举例来说，所述BGP缺省配置参数可以为BGP支持的邻居数量或支持的BGP负载分担数，第一网络设备获得了这些BGP缺省配置参数后，可以更加有效的对第二网络设备进行监控，例如控制第二网络设备的BGP负载分担数量等。
第一网络设备通过获得第二网络设备的标准信息或特性信息，可以更加灵活的对第二网络设备进行管理，例如：当第二网络设备不支持某特征时，则避免将涉及给特性的配置部署在第二网络设备上。当第二网络设备部支持某标准时，则避免涉及该标准的技术方案部署在第二网络设备上。
可选地，所述BMP消息还包括所述第二网络设备的BGP选路规则，所述BGP选路规则包括以下一个或多个：
AS Path长度短的BGP路由优选的规则；
路由存活时间长的BGP路由优选的规则。
所述第一网络设备通过获得第二网络设备的BGP选路规则可以有效的进行路径规划和选择。
参见图5，结合图1所示的应用场景，本申请实施例提供了一种第一网络设备500，其中图5中的第一网络设备500可以执行图2或图3所示实施例的方法，第一网络设备500可以为图2、图3或图4所述实施例中的第一网络设备。第一网络设备500包括：
建立单元501，用于与第二网络设备建立第一BMP会话，并与第三网络设备建立第二BMP会话；
接收单元502，用于通过所述建立单元501建立的所述第一BMP会话接收所述第二网络设备发送的第一BGP路由集合，所述第一BGP路由集合包括所述第二网络设备向所述第三网络设备发送的一条或多条BGP路由，所述第三网络设备与所述第二网络设备之间已经建立了BGP邻居；
所述接收单元502，还用于通过所述建立单元501建立的所述第二BMP会话接收所述第三网络设备发送的第二BGP路由集合，所述第二BGP路由集合包括所述第三网络设备从所述第二网络设备接收的一条或多条BGP路由；
检测单元503，用于检测到所述第二BGP路由集合存在第一BGP路由，并且所述第一BGP路由集合不存在所述第一BGP路由；
确定单元504，用于当所述检测单元503检测到所述第二BGP路由集合存在第一BGP路由，并且所述第一BGP路由集合不存在所述第一BGP路由时，确定所述第一BGP路由为不可用路由。
可选地，所述第一网络设备500还包括：
处理单元，用于当所述确定单元确定所述第一BGP路由为不可用路由之后，标识所述第一BGP路由为不可用路由；
发送单元，用于将所述处理单元标识为不可用路由的所述第一BGP路由向所述第三网络设备发送。
可选地，所述处理单元，还用于使用所述第二BGP路由集合中的可用路由进行转发路径规划，所述第二BGP路由集合中的可用路由不包括所述第一BGP路由。
参见图6，结合图1所示的应用场景，本申请实施例提供了一种第二网络设备600，其中图6中的第二网络设备600可以执行图2、图3或图4所示实施例中的方法。第二网络设备600可以为图2、图3或图4中的第二网络设备，网络设备600包括：
建立单元601，用于与第一网络设备建立BMP会话；
生成单元602，用于生成BMP消息，所述BMP消息包括BGP路由集合，所述BGP路由集合包括所述第二网络设备已经向第三网络设备发送的第一BGP路由，所述第三网络设备与所述第二网络设备之间已建立了BGP邻居；
发送单元603，用于通过所述BMP会话向所述第一网络设备发送所述BMP消息，以触发所述第一网络设备对所述BMP消息中的所述BGP路由集合中的BGP路由进行检测。
参见图7，本申请实施例提供的一种第一网络设备700，其中图7中的第一网络设备700可以执行图2、图3或图4所示实施例的方法。第一网络设备700可以为图2、图3或图4所述实施例中的第一网络设备。第一网络设备700包括处理器701、网络接口702和存储器703。处理器701包括但不限于CPU，网络处理器(英文：Network Processor，简称：NP)，专用集成电路(英文：Application-Specific Integrated Circuit，简称：ASIC)或者可编程逻辑器件(英文：Programmable Logic Device，缩写：PLD)中的一个或多个。上述PLD可以是复杂可编程逻辑器件(英文：Complex Programmable Logic Device，缩写：CPLD)，现场可编程逻辑门阵列(英文：Field-Programmable Gate Array，缩写：FPGA)，通用阵列逻辑(英文：Generic Array Logic,缩写：GAL)或其任意组合。
存储器703可以是包括但不限于内容寻址存储器(英文：Content-Addressable Memory，简称：CAM)，例如三态内容寻址存储器(英文：Ternary CAM，简称：TCAM)，随机存取存储器(英文：Random-Access Memory，简称：RAM)。
所述网络接口702可以包含普通物理接口，所述物理接口可以为Ethernet接口或异步传输模式(Asynchronous Transfer Mode,ATM)接口。所述处理器701、网络接口702和存储器703可以集成为一个或多个独立的电路或硬件，如：ASIC。
存储器703可以用于存储该第一网络设备700的程序代码和数据，处理器701用于调用存储器703中的程序指令执行前述实施例所示的方法，具体执行步骤可以参见前述实施例，此处不在赘述。
参见图8，本申请实施例提供的一种第二网络设备800的结构示意图。本实施例提供的第二网络设备800可以应用于图2，图3或图4实施例的方法中，实现第二网路设备的功能。第二网络设备700可以为图2、图3或图4所述实施例中的第二网络 设备。第二网络设备800包括处理器801、网络接口802、存储器803和。处理器801包括但不限于CPU、NP、ASIC或者PLD中的一个或多个。上述PLD可以是CPLD、FPGA、GAL或其任意组合。
存储器803可以是包括但不限于CAM，例如TCAM或RAM。
网络接口802可以包含普通物理接口，所述物理接口可以为Ethernet接口或ATM接口。所述处理器801、网络接口802和存储器803可以集成为一个或多个独立的电路或硬件，如：ASIC。
存储器803可以用于存储第二网络设备800的程序代码和数据，处理器801用于调用存储器803中的程序指令执行前述实施例所示的方法，具体执行步骤可以参见前述实施例，此处不在赘述。
参见图9，本申请实施例提供了一种路由检测系统900，所述系统包括：第一网络设备901、第二网络设备902和第三网络设备903，其中，
第二网络设备902，用于与第一网络设备901建立第一BMP会话，并向第一网络设备901发送的第一BGP路由集合，第一BGP路由集合包括第二网络设备902向第三网络设备903发送的一条或多条BGP路由，第三网络设备903与第二网络设备902之间已建立了BGP邻居；
第三网络设备903，用于与第一网络设备903建立第二BMP会话，并向第一网络设备901发送第二BGP路由集合，第二BGP路由集合包括第三网络设备903从第二网络设备902接收的一条或多条BGP路由；
第一网络设备901，用于通过第一BMP会话接收第二网络设备902发送的第一BGP路由集合；通过第二BMP会话接收第三网络设备903发送的第二BGP路由集合；当第一网络设备901检测到第二BGP路由集合存在第一BGP路由，并且第一BGP路由集合不存在第一BGP路由时，第一网络设备901确定第一BGP路由为不可用路由。
可选地，上述第一网络设备901可为图2、图3、图4、图5或图7所示实施例中的第一网络设备，第二网络设备902可为图2、图3、图4、图6或图8所示实施例中的第二网络设备，第三网络设备903可以为图2、图3或图4所示实施例中的第三网络设备。
参见图10，结合图1所示的应用场景，本申请实施例提供了一种第三网络设备1000，其中图10中的第三网络设备1000可以执行图3所示实施例中的方法。第三网络设备1000可以为图2、图3或图4中的第三网络设备，该第三网络设备1000包括：
建立单元1001，用于与第一网络设备建立BMP会话；
生成单元1002，用于生成BMP消息，BMP消息包括第二BGP路由集合，第二BGP路由集合包括所述第三网络设备从第二网络设备接收的一条或多条BGP路由，第三网络设备与第二网络设备之间已经建立了BGP邻居；
发送单元1003，用于通过所述BMP会话向所述第一网络设备发送所述BMP消息；所述第二BGP路由集合中的第二BGP路由包括属性信息，所述第二BGP路由为所述第二BGP路由集合中的任意一条BGP路由，所述属性信息包括以下信息中的一个或 多个：
用于标识所述第二BGP路由的优先级的优先级信息；
用于标识所述第二BGP路由在所述第三网络设备中的RIB中的状态的状态信息；
用于标识所述第二BGP路由是否下发到转发信息库FIB的指示信息；
用于标识所述第二BGP路由信息下发到FIB后的状态信息。
参见图11，本申请实施例提供的一种第三网络设备1100的结构示意图。本实施例提供的第三网络设备1100可以应用于图3实施例的方法中，实现第三网络设备的功能。第三网络设备1100可以为图2、图3或图4中的第三网络设备.第三网络设备1100包括处理器1101、网络接口1102、存储器1103和。处理器1101包括但不限于CPU、NP、ASIC或者PLD中的一个或多个。上述PLD可以是CPLD、FPGA、GAL或其任意组合。
存储器1103可以是包括但不限于CAM，例如TCAM或RAM。
网络接口1102可以包含普通物理接口，所述物理接口可以为Ethernet接口或ATM接口。所述处理器1101、网络接口1102和存储器1103可以集成为一个或多个独立的电路或硬件，如：ASIC。
存储器1103可以用于存储第二网络设备1100的程序代码和数据，处理器1101用于调用存储器1103中的程序指令执行前述实施例所示的方法，具体执行步骤可以参见前述实施例，此处不在赘述。
本领域普通技术人员可以理解：实现上述方法实施例的全部或部分步骤可以通过程序指令相关的硬件来完成，前述程序可以存储于一计算机可读取存储介质中，该程序在执行时，执行包括上述方法实施例的步骤；而前述的存储介质可以是下述介质中的至少一种：只读存储器(Read-Only Memory，ROM)、RAM、磁碟或者光盘等各种可以存储程序代码的介质。
最后应说明的是：以上实施例仅用以示例性说明本申请的技术方案，而非对其限制；尽管参照前述实施例对本申请及本申请带来的有益效果进行了详细的说明，本领域的普通技术人员应当理解：其依然可以对前述各实施例所记载的技术方案进行修改，或者对其中部分技术特征进行等同替换；而这些修改或者替换，并不使相应技术方案的本质脱离本申请权利要求的范围。

Claims (13)

  1. 一种路由检测的方法，其特征在于，所述方法包括：
    第一网络设备与第二网络设备建立第一边界网关协议监控协议BMP会话，所述第一网络设备与第三网络设备建立第二BMP会话；
    所述第一网络设备通过所述第一BMP会话接收所述第二网络设备发送的第一边界网关协议BGP路由集合，所述第一BGP路由集合包括所述第二网络设备向所述第三网络设备发送的一条或多条BGP路由，所述第三网络设备与所述第二网络设备之间已经建立了BGP邻居；
    所述第一网络设备通过所述第二BMP会话接收所述第三网络设备发送的第二BGP路由集合，所述第二BGP路由集合包括所述第三网络设备从所述第二网络设备接收的一条或多条BGP路由；
    当所述第一网络设备检测到所述第二BGP路由集合存在第一BGP路由，并且所述第一BGP路由集合不存在所述第一BGP路由时，所述第一网络设备确定所述第一BGP路由为不可用路由。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的方法，其特征在于，所述第一网络设备确定所述第一BGP路由为不可用路由之后，所述方法还包括：
    所述第一网络设备标识所述第一BGP路由为不可用路由，并将标识为不可用路由的所述第一BGP路由向所述第三网络设备发送。
  3. 根据权利要求1或2所述的方法，其特征在于，所述方法还包括：
    所述第一网络设备使用所述第二BGP路由集合中的可用路由进行转发路径规划，所述第二BGP路由集合中的可用路由不包括所述第一BGP路由。
  4. 根据权利要求1至3任一权利要求所述的方法，其特征在于，所述第二BGP路由集合中的第二BGP路由包括属性信息，所述第二BGP路由为所述第二BGP路由集合中的任意一条BGP路由，所述属性信息包括以下信息中的一个或多个：
    用于标识所述第二BGP路由的优先级的优先级信息；
    用于标识所述第二BGP路由在所述第三网络设备中的路由信息库RIB中的状态的状态信息；
    用于标识所述第二BGP路由是否下发到转发信息库FIB的指示信息；
    用于标识所述第二BGP路由信息下发到FIB后的状态信息。
  5. 一种路由检测的方法，其特征在于，所述方法包括：
    第二网络设备与第一网络设备建立边界网关协议监控协议BMP会话；
    所述第二网络设备生成BMP消息，所述BMP消息包括BGP路由集合，所述BGP路由集合包括所述第二网络设备已经向第三网络设备发送的第一BGP路由，所述第三网络设备与所述第二网络设备之间已经建立了BGP邻居；
    所述第二网络设备通过所述BMP会话向所述第一网络设备发送所述BMP消息， 以触发所述第一网络设备对所述BMP消息中的所述BGP路由集合中的BGP路由进行检测。
  6. 根据权利要求5所述的方法，其特征在于，所述BGP路由集合还包括所述第二网络设备接收的第二BGP路由，所述第二BGP路由包含属性信息，所述属性信息包括以下信息中的一个或多个：
    用于标识所述第二BGP路由的优先级的优先级信息；
    用于标识所述第二BGP路由在第二网络设备的路由信息库RIB中的状态的状态信息；
    用于标识所述第二BGP路由是否下发到转发信息库FIB的指示信息；
    用于标识所述第二BGP路由信息下发到FIB后的状态信息。
  7. 根据权利要求5或6所述的方法，其特征在于，所述BMP消息还包括所述第二网络设备的规格信息，所述规格信息包括以下信息中的一个多个：
    所述第二网络设备能容纳的BGP路由的数量；
    所述第二网络设备的缺省配置参数；
    所述第二网络设备支持的标准信息；
    所述第二网络设备支持的特性信息。
  8. 根据权利要求5至7任一权利要求所述的方法，其特征在于，所述BMP消息还包括所述第二网络设备的BGP选路规则，所述BGP选路规则包括以下一个或多个：
    自治域路径AS Path长度短的BGP路由优选的规则；
    路由存活时间长的BGP路由优选的规则。
  9. 一种第一网络设备，其特征在于，所述第一网络设备包括：
    建立单元，用于与第二网络设备建立第一边界网关协议监控协议BMP会话，并与第三网络设备建立第二BMP会话；
    接收单元，用于通过所述建立单元建立的所述第一BMP会话接收所述第二网络设备发送的第一边界网关协议BGP路由集合，所述第一BGP路由集合包括所述第二网络设备向所述第三网络设备发送的一条或多条BGP路由，所述第三网络设备与所述第二网络设备之间已经建立了BGP邻居；
    所述接收单元，还用于通过所述建立单元建立的所述第二BMP会话接收所述第三网络设备发送的第二BGP路由集合，所述第二BGP路由集合包括所述第三网络设备从所述第二网络设备接收的一条或多条BGP路由；
    检测单元，用于检测所述第二BGP路由集合是否存在第一BGP路由，并且所述第一BGP路由集合不存在所述第一BGP路由；
    确定单元，用于当所述检测单元检测到所述第二BGP路由集合存在第一BGP路由，并且所述第一BGP路由集合不存在所述第一BGP路由时，确定所述第一BGP路由为不可用路由。
  10. 根据权利要求9所述的第一网络设备，其特征在于，所述第一网络设备还包括：
    处理单元，用于当所述确定单元确定所述第一BGP路由为不可用路由之后，标识所述第一BGP路由为不可用路由；
    发送单元，用于将所述处理单元标识为不可用路由的所述第一BGP路由向所述第三网络设备发送。
  11. 根据权利要求9或10所述的第一网络设备，其特征在于，
    所述处理单元，还用于使用所述第二BGP路由集合中的可用路由进行转发路径规划，所述第二BGP路由集合中的可用路由不包括所述第一BGP路由。
  12. 一种第二网络设备，其特征在于，所述第二网络设备包括：
    建立单元，用于与第一网络设备建立边界网关协议监控协议BMP会话；
    生成单元，用于生成BMP消息，所述BMP消息包括BGP路由集合，所述BGP路由集合包括所述第二网络设备已经向第三网络设备发送的第一BGP路由，所述第三网络设备与所述第二网络设备之间已建立了BGP邻居；
    发送单元，用于通过所述BMP会话向所述第一网络设备发送所述BMP消息，以触发所述第一网络设备对所述BMP消息中的所述BGP路由集合中的BGP路由进行检测。
  13. 一种路由检测系统，其特征在于，所述系统包括：第一网络设备、第二网络设备和第三网络设备，其中，
    所述第二网络设备，用于与所述第一网络设备建立第一边界网关协议监控协议BMP会话，并向所述第一网络设备发送的第一边界网关协议BGP路由集合，所述第一BGP路由集合包括所述第二网络设备向所述第三网络设备发送的一条或多条BGP路由，所述第三网络设备与所述第二网络设备之间已建立了BGP邻居；
    所述第三网络设备，用于与所述第一网络设备建立第二BMP会话，并向所述第一网络设备发送第二BGP路由集合，所述第二BGP路由集合包括所述第三网络设备从所述第二网络设备接收的一条或多条BGP路由；
    所述第一网络设备，用于通过所述第一BMP会话接收所述第二网络设备发送的第一BGP路由集合；通过所述第二BMP会话接收所述第三网络设备发送的所述第二BGP路由集合；当所述第一网络设备检测到所述第二BGP路由集合存在第一BGP路由，并且所述第一BGP路由集合不存在所述第一BGP路由时，所述第一网络设备确定所述第一BGP路由为不可用路由。
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