WO2018098820A1 - 数据发送、接收的方法、装置、服务器及计算机程序产品 - Google Patents

数据发送、接收的方法、装置、服务器及计算机程序产品 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2018098820A1
WO2018098820A1 PCT/CN2016/108430 CN2016108430W WO2018098820A1 WO 2018098820 A1 WO2018098820 A1 WO 2018098820A1 CN 2016108430 W CN2016108430 W CN 2016108430W WO 2018098820 A1 WO2018098820 A1 WO 2018098820A1
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Prior art keywords
cache
data
level
threshold
bandwidth utilization
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French (fr)
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王华涛
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Cloudminds Shenzhen Robotics Systems Co Ltd
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Cloudminds Shenzhen Robotics Systems Co Ltd
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Priority to CN201680002898.3A priority Critical patent/CN107624231B/zh
Priority to PCT/CN2016/108430 priority patent/WO2018098820A1/zh
Publication of WO2018098820A1 publication Critical patent/WO2018098820A1/zh
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L65/00—Network arrangements, protocols or services for supporting real-time applications in data packet communication
    • H04L65/40—Support for services or applications

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to the field of data transmission technologies, and in particular, to a method, an apparatus, a server, and a computer program product for data transmission and reception.
  • CDN Content Delivery Network
  • CDN Content Delivery Network
  • the CDN ensures that content serves the user's requests in an extremely efficient manner, based on the judgment of the user's proximity and server load.
  • CDN uses a large number of Pop (Point of presence) to set up a cache on the edge server to cache data accessed by users to improve user data access speed.
  • Pop Point of presence
  • the network architecture of the CDN generally divides the Pop into two levels, that is, the cache service that is distributed close to the user is the first-level cache, and the cache service that is centralized and returned to the source is the second-level cache, so as to reduce the pressure of the source server of the customer, and at the same time, can improve service quality.
  • the L1 cache is deployed in each carrier's network, and the L2 cache is deployed in the BGP (Border Gateway Protocol) room.
  • the Level 1 cache and the Level 2 cache are transmitted by standard HTTP (Hyper Text Transfer Protocol).
  • the shortcoming of the prior art is that the current IDC (Internet Data Center) market mostly charges according to bandwidth, even if the actual bandwidth utilization is very low, It may be necessary to pay according to the bandwidth of the purchase.
  • IDC Internet Data Center
  • the HTTP protocol data transmission bandwidth utilization between the L1 cache and the L2 cache is low, and the bandwidth resources are not rationally utilized.
  • the embodiment of the invention provides a technical solution for solving the low bandwidth utilization of data transmission between the primary cache and the secondary cache in the existing CDN network.
  • a first aspect of the embodiments of the present invention provides a data sending method, including the following steps:
  • the L1 cache is a cache distributed in the content distribution network CDN close to the user for caching Data accessed by the user;
  • the secondary cache is a cache for centralized return to the source in the CDN;
  • the ARQ is adopted.
  • UDP sends the data in the level one cache.
  • a second aspect of the embodiments of the present invention provides a data sending apparatus, including:
  • a first sending module configured to: when the detection result is that the link quality between the L1 cache and the L2 cache is lower than a first threshold, or the L2 cache bandwidth utilization is lower than the first
  • the threshold is two
  • the data in the level one cache is sent by using UDP based on the ARQ; the level one cache is used to cache the data accessed by the user.
  • a third aspect of the embodiments of the present invention provides a data receiving method, including the following steps:
  • the receiving is sent by using the UDP based on the ARQ control.
  • the first level cache is a cache distributed in the content distribution network CDN close to the user for buffering data accessed by the user;
  • the second level cache is a CDN Used to centralize the cache of the source;
  • a fourth aspect of the embodiments of the present invention provides a data receiving apparatus, including:
  • a receiving conversion module configured to: when the link quality between the primary cache and the secondary cache is lower than a first threshold, or when the bandwidth utilization of the secondary cache is lower than a second threshold, receiving the UDP based on the ARQ control Transmitting data from the level 1 cache, and converting the data from a UDP format to an HTTP format;
  • the level 1 cache is a cache distributed in the content distribution network CDN close to the user for buffering data accessed by the user;
  • the secondary cache is a buffer for centralized return to the source in the CDN.
  • a cache module for caching data in HTTP format to a secondary cache.
  • a fifth aspect of the embodiments of the present invention provides a server, wherein the server includes:
  • a memory one or more processors, a communication interface, a bus, and one or more modules, the processor, the memory, and the communication interface are connected by the bus and complete communication with each other; the one or more The modules are stored in the memory and are configured to be executed by the one or more processors, the one or more modules including instructions for performing the various steps in the data transmitting method.
  • a sixth aspect of the embodiments of the present invention provides a computer program product comprising a computer readable storage medium and a computer program mechanism embedded therein, the computer program mechanism comprising means for performing the data transmission The instructions for each step in the method.
  • a seventh aspect of the embodiments of the present invention provides a server, wherein the server include:
  • a memory one or more processors, a communication interface, a bus, and one or more modules, the processor, the memory, and the communication interface are connected by the bus and complete communication with each other; the one or more The modules are stored in the memory and are configured to be executed by the one or more processors, the one or more modules including instructions for performing the various steps in the data receiving method.
  • An eighth aspect of the embodiments of the present invention provides a computer program product comprising a computer readable storage medium and a computer program mechanism embedded therein, the computer program mechanism comprising means for performing the data receiving The instructions for each step in the method.
  • the HTTP protocol is used to transmit data between the Level 1 cache and the Level 2 cache in the current CDN network. Since the HTTP protocol is an application built on the TCP (Transmission Control Protocol), the most notable feature is the client. Each request sent by the terminal requires a server feedback response, which requires multiple handshakes, resulting in slow data transmission and low bandwidth utilization between the primary cache and the secondary cache in the CDN network.
  • TCP Transmission Control Protocol
  • an ARQ transmission tunnel is established between the first level cache and the second level cache, a detection module is added on the level 1 cache side, and the existing transmission control module of the level 1 cache is improved. Detecting the link quality between the L1 cache and the L2 cache or detecting the bandwidth load of the L2 cache, when the detection result is that the link quality between the L1 cache and the L2 cache is lower than the first threshold. Or, when the bandwidth utilization of the L2 cache is lower than the second threshold, the data in the L1 cache is sent by using UDP based on the ARQ, because the UDP is not connection-oriented, and the connection is not established with the other party before the data is transmitted, and the receiving is performed. The incoming data does not send an acknowledgment signal. Therefore, the UDP transmission mode based on the ARQ control can effectively improve the data transmission speed and efficiency of the primary cache and the secondary cache in the CDN network.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic flowchart of a data sending method according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention.
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of an ARQ module in this embodiment
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of a data transmitting apparatus according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention.
  • FIG. 4 is a schematic flowchart of a data receiving method according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention.
  • FIG. 5 is a schematic structural diagram of a data receiving apparatus according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention.
  • FIG. 6 is a schematic structural diagram of a server (1) according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • FIG. 7 is a schematic structural diagram of a server (2) according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • FIG. 8 is a schematic diagram of a proxy structure of a device on a first-level cache side of a CDN according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 9 is a schematic diagram of a processing flow of a CDN level 1 cache side agent according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 10 is a schematic flowchart of sending data by a device on the first-level cache side of the CDN after the solution provided by the embodiment of the present invention is used.
  • bandwidth utilization can be increased to make rational use of bandwidth resources.
  • the embodiment of the present invention provides a method, an apparatus, a server, and a computer program product for data transmission and reception, which are described below.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic flowchart of a data sending method according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention. As shown in FIG. 1 , the data sending method may include the following steps:
  • Step 101 Detect the link quality between the L1 cache and the L2 cache or detect the bandwidth utilization of the L2 cache to obtain a detection result.
  • the L1 cache is a cache of the user distribution distribution in the content distribution network CDN. Data for caching user access; the second level cache is a cache for centralized return to the source in the CDN;
  • Step 102 When the detection result is that the link quality between the L1 cache and the L2 cache is lower than a first threshold, or when the L2 cache bandwidth utilization is lower than a second threshold, Based on ARQ, UDP is used to send data in the level one cache.
  • the data sending method may be implemented on a device on the CDN level 1 cache side.
  • the improvement may be performed on the basis of the existing CDN device, for example, adding a detection module and a processing function module based on ARQ control UDP on the proxy of the device on the existing CDN level 1 cache side, detecting the level 1 cache and the The quality of the link between the L2 caches or the bandwidth utilization of the L2 cache is detected, and the data in the L1 cache is sent based on the detection result.
  • the detection result is the L1 cache and the second cache
  • the link quality between the level caches is lower than the first threshold, or when the bandwidth utilization of the second level cache is lower than the second threshold
  • the data in the level 1 cache is sent by using UDP based on the ARQ;
  • the link quality between the L1 cache and the L2 cache is not lower than the first threshold, and when the L2 cache bandwidth utilization is not lower than the second threshold, the HTTP cache is sent in the L1 cache.
  • an ARQ processing function module is added to the agent of the device on the CDN level 2 cache side, and the ARQ processing function module can receive the data in the UDP format based on the ARQ control from the level 1 cache. Cache to the secondary cache after conversion to HTTP format.
  • the link quality can be measured by the data packet loss rate.
  • the parameters such as the bit error rate and the delay can be comprehensively considered.
  • the bandwidth utilization of the second-level cache may also be detected.
  • the bandwidth utilization of the L2 cache can be obtained through SNMP (Simple Network Management Protocol).
  • the method of adopting SNMP in the implementation is because the SNMP method is relatively common and mainstream, and it is easy for those skilled in the art to use/understand. Therefore, SNMP is taken as an example here; however, in theory, other methods are also possible, as long as it can be implemented. It is sufficient to detect the bandwidth utilization of the L2 cache. SNMP is only used to teach the person skilled in the art how to implement the present invention. However, it does not mean that only SNMP can be used. In the implementation process, the corresponding mode can be determined in combination with practical needs.
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of an ARQ module in the embodiment. As shown in FIG. 2, an ARQ transmission tunnel is established between the device on the first-level cache side of the CDN and the device on the second-level cache side of the CDN through the ARQ client 1 and the ARQ client 2, Realize UDP-based data transmission based on ARQ between CDN level 1 cache and level 2 cache.
  • ARQ is an automatic re-request protocol. It is one of the error correction protocols of the data link layer and transport layer in the Open System Interconnection (OSI) model.
  • OSI Open System Interconnection
  • the ARQ includes mechanisms for stopping waiting for the ARQ protocol and contacting the ARQ protocol, error detection, positive acknowledgement, timeout retransmission, and negative acknowledgement and retransmission.
  • the ARQ protocol is widely used in wireless networks and is applied at the link layer of wireless communication. In wired networks, there are also ARQ-based implementations.
  • the open source KCP protocol is a fast and reliable implementation of the ARQ protocol.
  • KCP can waste 10%-20% of bandwidth compared to TCP, in exchange for an average delay of 30%-40%, and a maximum delay of three times. Transmission effect, data transmission speed can be increased by nearly ten times.
  • the KCP protocol only provides an algorithm for transmission control, and does not provide data transmission and reception for the underlying protocol. Users can write implementation code based on their business needs.
  • the KCP project is at https://github.com/skywind3000/kcp.
  • the entire protocol is only ikcp.h, ikcp.c two source files, which can be easily integrated into the user's own protocol stack. Integrate these two files into your own project and add a few lines of code to implement a complete ARQ reliable protocol implementation.
  • KCP and UDP are relatively common and mainstream, and it is easy for those skilled in the art to use/understand. Therefore, KCP and UDP are taken as examples here; however, in theory, other methods are also used. It is possible that KCP and UDP are only used to teach those skilled in the art how to implement the present invention, as long as the data transmission based on the ARQ for the connectionless or pre-transmission handshake protocol is simplified. However, it does not mean that only KCP can be used. UDP, the implementation process can be combined with practical needs to determine the corresponding way.
  • the first-level cache caches the data accessed by the user, and periodically or aperiodically sends the cached data to the secondary cache that is centralized and returned to the source, so that subsequent users can access the data.
  • the first threshold and the second threshold in the embodiment of the present invention may be manually set according to technical experience, or may be obtained through historical data statistics, and are not specifically limited herein.
  • the data sending method provided in this embodiment has the advantages of reasonably utilizing the ARQ data transmission accuracy, and may first detect the link quality between the L1 cache and the L2 cache. If the link quality is lower than the first threshold, the ARQ is based on the ARQ. UDP is used for data transmission; if the link quality is not lower than the first threshold, the bandwidth utilization of the secondary cache is continuously detected. If the bandwidth utilization of the secondary cache is lower than the second threshold, the data is sent by using UDP based on the ARQ. Otherwise, use HTTP to send Send data.
  • the above-mentioned detection example is a preferred embodiment.
  • a person skilled in the art may first detect the bandwidth utilization of the second-level cache according to specific needs. If the bandwidth utilization of the second-level cache is lower than the second threshold, the ARQ is based on the ARQ. UDP is used for data transmission; otherwise, the link quality between the L1 cache and the L2 cache is continuously detected. If the link quality is lower than the first threshold, the data is sent by using UDP based on the ARQ. Otherwise, the data is sent by using HTTP.
  • the order of the link quality between the L1 cache and the L2 cache and the bandwidth utilization detection of the L2 cache is not limited here.
  • the method for transmitting data may further include:
  • the probe After receiving the connection request from the L2 cache, the probe can be detected and reasonably detected as needed.
  • the UDP is used to send the data in the level 1 cache based on the ARQ control, which may specifically include:
  • the data in the L1 cache is sent by using UDP based on the ARQ.
  • the data sending method may further include:
  • HTTP sends data to the secondary cache.
  • the beneficial effect is that, when the detection result is that the link quality between the L1 cache and the L2 cache is not lower than a first threshold, and the bandwidth utilization of the L2 cache is not lower than a second threshold HTTP is used to send data to the secondary cache, and the manner of data transmission is reasonably selected in combination with the detection result.
  • the data sending method provided by the embodiment of the present invention obtains the detection result by detecting the link quality between the level 1 cache and the level 2 cache or detecting the bandwidth utilization of the level 2 cache; when the detection result is the level
  • the quality of the link between the cache and the secondary cache is lower than the first threshold, or when the bandwidth utilization of the secondary cache is lower than the second threshold, the data in the primary cache is sent by using UDP based on the ARQ.
  • the quality of the link between the primary cache side and the secondary cache side of the CDN is poor or the bandwidth utilization of the secondary cache side is low
  • the data in the primary cache is transmitted by using UDP based on the ARQ, thereby effectively speeding up data transmission and providing bandwidth utilization efficiency. .
  • a data transmission device is also provided in the embodiment of the present invention.
  • the data transmission device refer to the related description of the data transmission method, and the repeated description is omitted.
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of a data transmitting apparatus according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention. As shown in FIG. 3, the data transmitting apparatus may include:
  • the detecting module 301 is configured to detect link quality between the L1 cache and the L2 cache or detect the bandwidth utilization of the L2 cache to obtain a detection result.
  • the L1 cache is distributed to users in the content distribution network CDN. Cache for caching user-accessed data; the second-level cache is a cache for centralized return to the source in the CDN;
  • the data sending apparatus may correspond to the CDN level 1 cache side, and may be improved on the basis of the existing CDN device, for example, adding a detecting module on the existing CDN level 1 cache side and controlling UDP based on the ARQ.
  • the probe module is configured to detect the link quality between the L1 cache and the L2 cache or detect the bandwidth utilization of the L2 cache, and the first sending module performs the L1 cache based on the detection result.
  • the transmission of data specific: When the detection result is that the link quality between the L1 cache and the L2 cache is lower than a first threshold, or the bandwidth utilization of the L2 cache is lower than a second threshold, the first sending module is based on The ARQ uses UDP to send data in the L1 cache.
  • the first sending module sends the data in the level one cache by using HTTP.
  • the data sending apparatus includes a detecting module that can detect the link quality between the L1 cache and the L2 cache or detect the bandwidth utilization of the L2 cache, when When the detection result of the detection by the detection module is that the link quality between the primary cache and the secondary cache is lower than the first threshold or the bandwidth utilization of the secondary cache is lower than the second threshold, the first sending module
  • the transmission control module that uses UDP to send data in the first-level cache based on the ARQ can send the first-level UDP based on the ARQ when the quality of the CDN level 1 cache and the level 2 cache link is poor or the bandwidth utilization of the level 2 cache side is low.
  • the data in the cache effectively speeds up data transmission and provides bandwidth utilization efficiency.
  • the data sending apparatus may further include: a first receiving module 303, configured to detect a link quality between the L1 cache and the L2 cache or detect a bandwidth utilization of the L2 cache Previously, a connection request was received from the secondary cache.
  • a first receiving module 303 configured to detect a link quality between the L1 cache and the L2 cache or detect a bandwidth utilization of the L2 cache Previously, a connection request was received from the secondary cache.
  • the detecting module can perform detection after receiving the connection request from the second level cache by the first receiving module, and reasonably detect as needed.
  • the first sending module may be further configured to: when the detection result is that the link quality between the L1 cache and the L2 cache is not lower than a first threshold, and the L2 cache When the bandwidth utilization is not lower than the second threshold, HTTP is used to send data to the secondary cache.
  • the beneficial effect is that the quality of the link between the level 1 cache and the level 2 cache is not lower than a first threshold, and the bandwidth utilization of the level 2 cache is not lower than a second threshold.
  • the data is sent to the secondary cache by using HTTP, and the manner of data transmission is reasonably selected in combination with the detection result.
  • the first sending module may be specifically configured to: after the data in the first level cache is converted from a hypertext transfer protocol HTTP format to a UDP format, and then sent by using UDP based on the ARQ.
  • the first sending module needs to convert the HTTP format data from the first-level cache into the UDP format before transmitting the data, and then adopts UDP based on the ARQ. send.
  • the embodiment of the present invention further provides a data receiving method and apparatus, and the related repetitive points are not described again.
  • the data receiving method may include the following steps:
  • Step 401 When the link quality between the primary cache and the secondary cache is lower than the first threshold, or when the bandwidth utilization of the secondary cache is lower than the second threshold, the receiving is sent by using the UDP based on the ARQ control.
  • the first level cached data, and the data is converted from a UDP format to an HTTP format;
  • the first level cache is a cache distributed in the content distribution network CDN close to the user, and is used to cache data accessed by the user;
  • the cache is a cache for centralized return to the source in the CDN;
  • Step 402 Cache data in the HTTP format to the second level cache.
  • the data receiving method provided by the embodiment of the present invention may be implemented on a device on the secondary cache side of the CDN, when the link quality between the primary cache and the secondary cache is lower than a first threshold, or the second When the bandwidth utilization of the level cache is lower than the second threshold, receiving data from the first level cache sent by using UDP based on ARQ control, and converting the data from UDP format to HTTP format, and buffering data in HTTP format to
  • the second-level cache can receive and cache the data in the first-level cache based on ARQ using UDP when the quality of the link on the first-level cache side and the second-level cache side of the CDN is low or the bandwidth utilization on the second-level cache side is low. Data transfer data, providing bandwidth usage efficiency.
  • the data receiving method may further include:
  • a connection request is sent to the primary cache before receiving data from the primary cache that is sent using UDP based on ARQ control.
  • the link quality between the primary cache and the secondary cache is not lower than a first threshold, and the bandwidth utilization of the secondary cache is not lower than a second threshold, the The data in the HTTP format of the level 1 cache is cached to the level 2 cache.
  • the cache may be cached when the quality of the link between the L1 cache and the L2 cache is not lower than a first threshold, and the bandwidth utilization of the L2 cache is not lower than a second threshold.
  • the data in the HTTP format from the level 1 cache is sent to the level 2 cache, and the manner of data transmission is reasonably selected in combination with actual data transmission conditions.
  • a data receiving device is further provided in the embodiment of the present invention.
  • the data receiving device refer to the related description of the data receiving method, and the repeated description is omitted.
  • FIG. 5 is a schematic structural diagram of a data receiving apparatus according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention. As shown in FIG. 5, the data receiving apparatus may include:
  • the receiving conversion module 501 is configured to: when the link quality between the primary cache and the secondary cache is lower than a first threshold, or when the bandwidth utilization of the secondary cache is lower than a second threshold, the receiving is adopted based on the ARQ control UDP sends data from the level 1 cache, and converts the data from a UDP format to an HTTP format;
  • the level 1 cache is a cache distributed in the content distribution network CDN close to the user for buffering data accessed by the user;
  • the secondary cache is a buffer for centralized return to the source in the CDN.
  • the cache module 502 is configured to cache data in the HTTP format to the second level cache.
  • the data receiving apparatus includes, when the link quality between the primary cache and the secondary cache is lower than the first threshold, or the bandwidth utilization of the secondary cache is lower than the second threshold.
  • the CDN level 1 cache side receives and caches the data in the L1 cache based on the ARQ. Effectively accelerate data transmission and provide bandwidth utilization efficiency.
  • the data receiving apparatus may further include:
  • the second sending module 503 is configured to send a connection request to the primary cache before receiving data from the primary cache that is sent by using UDP based on the ARQ control.
  • the second sending module before receiving the data from the CDN level 1 cache side, the second sending module sends the connection request, which can facilitate the on-demand reasonable detection of the CDN level 1 cache side.
  • the cache module may be further configured to: when a link quality between the level 1 cache and the level 2 cache is not lower than a first threshold, and the bandwidth utilization of the level 2 cache is not lower than At the second threshold, data in the HTTP format from the level 1 cache is cached to the level 2 cache.
  • the RX when the quality of the link between the L1 cache and the L2 cache is not lower than the first threshold, and the bandwidth utilization of the L2 cache is not lower than the second threshold, the RX can be used.
  • the data receiving mode directly caches the HTTP format data from the first-level cache side into the second-level cache.
  • the beneficial effect is that the cache may be cached when the quality of the link between the L1 cache and the L2 cache is not lower than a first threshold, and the bandwidth utilization of the L2 cache is not lower than a second threshold.
  • the data in the HTTP format from the first level cache is combined with the actual data transmission condition to reasonably select the manner of data transmission.
  • an embodiment of the present invention provides a server (1).
  • FIG. 6 is a schematic structural diagram of a server (1) according to an embodiment of the present invention. As shown in FIG. 6, the server (1) may include:
  • a memory 620 a memory 620, one or more processors 610, a communication interface 630, a bus, and one or more modules, the processor, the memory, and the communication interface are connected by the bus and complete communication with each other;
  • One or more modules are stored in the memory and configured to be executed by the one or more processors, the one or more modules including instructions for performing the various steps in the data transmission method described above.
  • an embodiment of the present invention further provides a computer program product, the computer program product comprising a computer readable storage medium and a computer program mechanism embedded therein, the computer program mechanism Instructions for performing the various steps in the above data transmission method are included.
  • an embodiment of the present invention provides a server (2).
  • FIG. 7 is a schematic structural diagram of a server (2) according to an embodiment of the present invention. As shown in FIG. 7, the server (2) may include:
  • a memory 720 one or more processors 720, a communication interface 730, a bus, and one or more modules, the processor, the memory, and the communication interface are connected by the bus and complete communication with each other;
  • One or more modules are stored in the memory and configured to be executed by the one or more processors, the one or more modules including The instructions of the various steps in the data receiving method.
  • an embodiment of the present invention further provides a computer program product, the computer program product comprising a computer readable storage medium and a computer program mechanism embedded therein, the computer program mechanism Instructions are included for performing the various steps in the data receiving method.
  • the embodiment of the present invention provides a detailed description of the first embodiment of the present invention by taking the actual application scenario of the CDN as an example.
  • An agent is deployed on the device on the CDN level 1 cache side.
  • the agent has both the function of an HTTP proxy server and the ARQ protocol. It has a detection function and can detect the link quality between the level 1 cache and the level 2 cache.
  • the protocol obtains the bandwidth usage of the L2 cache from the L2 cache.
  • the proxy includes an HTTP proxy server function module, a function module supporting the ARQ, a detection module, and a configuration module.
  • the detection module and the function module supporting the ARQ may be added to the device proxy of the existing level 1 cache side. .
  • the function module supporting ARQ can be based on a fast and reliable UDP transmission tunnel implemented by the KCP protocol.
  • the detection module is responsible for detecting the link quality between the CDN level 1 cache and the level 2 cache.
  • the detection mode can be ICMP (Internet Control Message Protocol).
  • the Internet Control Message Protocol protocol can detect the bandwidth utilization of the L2 cache by, for example, the SNMP protocol; the configuration module is responsible for configuring the variable information,
  • FIG. 8 is a schematic diagram of a proxy structure of a device on a first-level cache side of a CDN according to an embodiment of the present invention, and a relationship between an HTTP proxy server function module, a function module supporting ARQ 1, a probe module, and a configuration module is shown in FIG. 8.
  • FIG. 9 is a schematic diagram of a processing flow of a CDN level 1 cache side agent according to an embodiment of the present invention, as shown in FIG. 9 , which is specifically as follows:
  • Step 901 start;
  • Step 902 Receive a connection request of a secondary cache.
  • Step 903 Detecting the link quality of the CDN level 1 cache and the level 2 cache or the bandwidth utilization of the level 2 cache, and determining, based on the detection result, the HTTP based transmission or the ARQ based transmission;
  • Step 904 When the link quality is lower than the first threshold (for example, the bit error rate is higher than 15%), or when the bandwidth utilization of the second level cache is lower than the second threshold (for example, the bandwidth utilization is lower than 50%) , using ARQ transmission;
  • the first threshold for example, the bit error rate is higher than 15%
  • the bandwidth utilization of the second level cache is lower than the second threshold (for example, the bandwidth utilization is lower than 50%)
  • Step 905 The link quality is not lower than the first threshold (for example, the error rate is not higher than 15%), and the bandwidth utilization of the L2 cache is not lower than the second threshold (for example, the bandwidth utilization is not less than 50). %), using HTTP for data transmission;
  • Step 906 the transmission is completed, and the connection is closed.
  • an application supporting the ARQ protocol is deployed to perform data receiving processing with the device on the level 1 cache side.
  • FIG. 10 is a schematic flowchart of sending data by a device on the first-level cache side of the CDN according to the solution provided by the embodiment of the present invention, as shown in FIG. 10, which is specifically as follows:
  • Step 1001 The detection module of the device proxy on the first-level cache side is periodically or non-periodically (for example, after receiving the connection request of the device on the secondary cache side), and the specific detection content includes: CDN one-level and second-level cache. Link quality between devices on the side or the bandwidth utilization of devices on the secondary cache side;
  • Step 1002 After receiving the connection request of the level 1 cache, the device proxy on the level 1 cache side determines whether to adopt reliable ARQ transmission according to the detection result of step 1001, or determines to directly adopt HTTP transmission.
  • Step 1003 If the device proxy on the level 1 cache side determines to use reliable ARQ transmission, convert the data in the HTTP format from the level 1 cache into the data format of the UDP, through the CDN. 1.
  • the function module 2 corresponding to the application of the ARQ protocol supported by the ARQ tunnel added to the device of the second-level cache device, and the function module 2 supporting the ARQ, convert the received data from the UDP format to the HTTP format. After the format, it is sent to the secondary cache for caching.
  • Step 1004 If it is determined that the HTTP transmission is directly adopted, the data in the L1 cache that is requested by the device on the L2 cache side is directly sent to the L2 cache in an HTTP format, and the response information from the L2 cache is returned to the first level. Cache.
  • the solution provided by the embodiment of the present invention is based on the improvement of the device on the first and second cache sides of the CDN, according to the detected link quality between the devices on the first and second cache sides of the CDN or the bandwidth of the device on the second cache side.
  • determine whether to adopt ARQ transmission or HTTP direct transmission and flexibly select the data transmission method according to the link quality of the CDN level 1 cache and the level 2 cache or the bandwidth utilization of the level 2 cache, and effectively speed up the method.
  • Data transfer data provides bandwidth utilization efficiency.
  • the existing functional component modules can be used for implementation.
  • the processing module can use existing data processing components.
  • the positioning server used in the existing positioning technology has the function component implemented; as for the receiving module, any device with the signal transmission function has
  • the A, n parameter calculation, strength adjustment, etc. performed by the processing module are all existing technical means, and those skilled in the art can realize the corresponding design and development.
  • embodiments of the present invention can be provided as a method, system, or computer program product. Accordingly, the present invention may take the form of an entirely hardware embodiment, an entirely software embodiment, or a combination of software and hardware. Moreover, the present invention may employ computer usable storage media (including but not included) in one or more of the computer usable program code embodied therein. It is limited to the form of a computer program product implemented on a disk storage, a CD-ROM, an optical storage, or the like.
  • the computer program instructions can also be stored in a computer readable memory that can direct a computer or other programmable data processing device to operate in a particular manner, such that the instructions stored in the computer readable memory produce an article of manufacture comprising the instruction device.
  • the apparatus implements the functions specified in one or more blocks of a flow or a flow and/or block diagram of the flowchart.
  • These computer program instructions can also be loaded onto a computer or other programmable data processing device such that a series of operational steps are performed on a computer or other programmable device to produce computer-implemented processing for execution on a computer or other programmable device.
  • the instructions provide steps for implementing the functions specified in one or more of the flow or in a block or blocks of a flow diagram.

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Abstract

本发明提供了数据发送、接收的方法、装置、服务器及计算机程序产品，其中，数据发送方法包括：探测一级缓存与二级缓存之间的链路质量或者探测所述二级缓存的带宽利用率，得到探测结果；所述一级缓存为内容分发网络CDN中靠近用户分布的缓存，用于缓存用户访问的数据；所述二级缓存为CDN中用于集中回源的缓存；当所述探测结果为所述一级缓存与所述二级缓存之间的链路质量低于第一阈值，或者，所述二级缓存的带宽利用率低于第二阈值时，基于ARQ采用UDP发送一级缓存中的数据，可以有效加快数据传输数据，提供带宽利用效率。

Description

数据发送、接收的方法、装置、服务器及计算机程序产品 技术领域
本发明涉及数据传输技术领域，特别涉及数据发送、接收的方法、装置、服务器及计算机程序产品。
背景技术
云端机器人是将认知系统放在云里，身体、驱动、传感器放在机器人本体上，通过移动通信将二者连接起来的智能机器人；云端机器人是智能仿人机器人发展的方向。
CDN(Content Delivery Network，内容分发网络)是一个策略性部署的整体系统，包括分布式存储、负载均衡、网络请求的重定向和内容管理四个方面，而内容管理和全局的网络流量管理是CDN的核心所在，通过用户就近性和服务器负载的判断，CDN确保内容以一种极为高效的方式为用户的请求提供服务。
目前CDN的应用越来越普遍。CDN通过大量部署Pop(Point of presence，边缘服务器)，在边缘服务器上设置缓存，用以缓存用户访问的数据，以提高用户的数据访问速度。
CDN的网络架构一般是将Pop分为两级，即：靠近用户分布的缓存服务为一级缓存，集中回源的缓存服务为二级缓存，以降低了客户的源站服务器压力，同时可以提高服务质量。通常情况下，一级缓存部署在各运营商网络内，二级缓存部署在互联互通好的BGP(Border Gateway Protocol，边界网关协议)机房。一级缓存和二级缓存通过标准的HTTP(Hyper Text Transfer Protocol，超文本传输协议)进行数据传输。
现有技术不足在于：目前的IDC(Internet Data Center，互联网数据中心)市场，大多是按照带宽进行收费，即便实际的带宽利用率很低，使用 者也许要按照采购的带宽进行缴费。现有的CDN网络中的一级缓存和二级缓存之间采用HTTP协议数据传输带宽利用率较低，没有合理利用带宽资源。
发明内容
本发明实施例提出了一种主要解决现有的CDN网络中的一级缓存和二级缓存之间数据传输带宽利用率较低的技术方案。
本发明实施例第一方面提供了一种数据发送方法，包括如下步骤：
探测一级缓存与二级缓存之间的链路质量或者探测所述二级缓存的带宽利用率，得到探测结果；所述一级缓存为内容分发网络CDN中靠近用户分布的缓存，用于缓存用户访问的数据；所述二级缓存为CDN中用于集中回源的缓存；
当所述探测结果为所述一级缓存与所述二级缓存之间的链路质量低于第一阈值，或者，所述二级缓存的带宽利用率低于第二阈值时，基于ARQ采用UDP发送一级缓存中的数据。
本发明实施例第二方面提供了一种数据发送装置，包括：
探测模块，用于探测一级缓存与二级缓存之间的链路质量或者探测所述二级缓存的带宽利用率，得到探测结果；所述一级缓存为内容分发网络CDN中靠近用户分布的缓存，用于缓存用户访问的数据；所述二级缓存为CDN中用于集中回源的缓存；
第一发送模块，用于当所述探测结果为所述一级缓存与所述二级缓存之间的链路质量低于第一阈值，或者，所述二级缓存的带宽利用率低于第二阈值时，基于ARQ采用UDP发送一级缓存中的数据；所述一级缓存用于缓存用户访问的数据。
本发明实施例第三方面提供了一种数据接收方法，包括如下步骤：
当一级缓存与二级缓存之间的链路质量低于第一阈值，或者，所述二级缓存的带宽利用率低于第二阈值时，接收基于ARQ控制采用UDP发送的来自所述一级缓存的数据，并且将所述数据从UDP格式转换为HTTP格式；所述一级缓存为内容分发网络CDN中靠近用户分布的缓存，用于缓存用户访问的数据；所述二级缓存为CDN中用于集中回源的缓存；
将HTTP格式的数据缓存至二级缓存。
本发明实施例第四方面提供了一种数据接收装置，包括：
接收转换模块，用于当一级缓存与二级缓存之间的链路质量低于第一阈值，或者，所述二级缓存的带宽利用率低于第二阈值时，接收基于ARQ控制采用UDP发送的来自所述一级缓存的数据，并且将所述数据从UDP格式转换为HTTP格式；所述一级缓存为内容分发网络CDN中靠近用户分布的缓存，用于缓存用户访问的数据；所述二级缓存为CDN中用于集中回源的缓。
缓存模块，用于将HTTP格式的数据缓存至二级缓存。
本发明实施例第五方面提供了一种服务器，其特征在于，所述服务器包括：
存储器，一个或多个处理器，通信接口，总线以及一个或多个模块，所述处理器、所述存储器和所述通信接口通过所述总线连接并完成相互间的通信；所述一个或多个模块被存储在所述存储器中，并被配置成由所述一个或多个处理器执行，所述一个或多个模块包括用于执行所述数据发送方法中各个步骤的指令。
本发明实施例第六方面提供了一种计算机程序产品，所述计算机程序产品包括计算机可读的存储介质和内嵌于其中的计算机程序机制，所述计算机程序机制包括用于执行所述数据发送方法中各个步骤的指令。
本发明实施例第七方面提供了一种服务器，其特征在于，所述服务器 包括：
存储器，一个或多个处理器，通信接口，总线以及一个或多个模块，所述处理器、所述存储器和所述通信接口通过所述总线连接并完成相互间的通信；所述一个或多个模块被存储在所述存储器中，并被配置成由所述一个或多个处理器执行，所述一个或多个模块包括用于执行所述数据接收方法中各个步骤的指令。
本发明实施例第八方面提供了一种计算机程序产品，所述计算机程序产品包括计算机可读的存储介质和内嵌于其中的计算机程序机制，所述计算机程序机制包括用于执行所述数据接收方法中各个步骤的指令。
有益效果如下：
当前的CDN网络中的一级缓存和二级缓存之间采用HTTP协议传输数据，由于HTTP协议是建立在TCP(Transmission Control Protocol，传输控制协议)之上的一种应用，最显著的特点是客户端发送的每次请求都需要服务器反馈响应，需要多次握手通信，导致了CDN网络中的一级缓存和二级缓存之间数据传输慢、带宽利用率较低的问题。
由于本发明实施例所提供的技术方案，在一级缓存和二级缓存之间建立了ARQ传输隧道，在一级缓存侧增加了探测模块，并对一级缓存现有的传输控制模块进行改进，探测一级缓存与二级缓存之间的链路质量或者探测二级缓存的带宽负载，当探测结果为所述一级缓存与所述二级缓存之间的链路质量低于第一阈值，或者，所述二级缓存的带宽利用率低于第二阈值时，基于ARQ采用UDP发送一级缓存中的数据，因为UDP不是面向连接的，传送数据前并不与对方建立连接，对接收到的数据也不发送确认信号，因此，基于ARQ控制的UDP传输方式，可以有效提高CDN网络中一级缓存和二级缓存的数据传输速度和效率。
附图说明
下面将参照附图描述本发明的具体实施例，其中：
图1为本发明实施例一中数据发送方法的流程示意图；
图2为本实施例中ARQ模块示意图；
图3为本发明实施例一中数据发送装置的结构示意图；
图4为本发明实施例一中数据接收方法的流程示意图；
图5为本发明实施例一中数据接收装置的结构示意图；
图6为本发明实施例提供的服务器(一)的结构示意图；
图7为本发明实施例提供的服务器(二)的结构示意图；
图8为本发明实施例中CDN一级缓存侧的设备的代理结构示意图；
图9为本发明实施例中CDN一级缓存侧代理的处理流程示意图；
图10采用本发明实施例提供的方案后，CDN一级缓存侧的设备发送数据的流程示意图。
具体实施方式
为了使本发明的技术方案及优点更加清楚明白，以下结合附图对本发明的示例性实施例进行进一步详细的说明，显然，所描述的实施例仅是本发明的一部分实施例，而不是所有实施例的穷举。并且在不冲突的情况下，本说明中的实施例及实施例中的特征可以互相结合。
发明人在发明过程中注意到：当前的CDN网络中的一级缓存和二级缓存之间采用HTTP协议传输数据，由于HTTP协议是建立在TCP之上的一种应用，TCP协议传输数据之前需要经过多次握手通信，客户端发送的每次请求都需要服务器反馈响应，需要多次握手通信，会导致现有的CDN网络中的一级缓存和二级缓存之间数据传输慢、带宽利用率较低的问题。
另外，在目前的IDC(Internet Data Center，互联网数据中心)大多是按照带宽进行收费，即便实际的带宽利用率很低，使用者也许要按照采购 的带宽进行缴费。在这种情况下，可以提高带宽利用率以合理利用带宽资源。
为了便于本发明的实施，下面以实例进行说明。
实施例一
基于此，本发明实施例提出了数据发送、接收的方法、装置、服务器及计算机程序产品，下面进行说明。
图1为本发明实施例一中数据发送方法的流程示意图，如图1所示，该数据发送方法，可以包括如下步骤：
步骤101、探测一级缓存与二级缓存之间的链路质量或者探测所述二级缓存的带宽利用率，得到探测结果；所述一级缓存为内容分发网络CDN中靠近用户分布的缓存，用于缓存用户访问的数据；所述二级缓存为CDN中用于集中回源的缓存；
步骤102、当所述探测结果为所述一级缓存与所述二级缓存之间的链路质量低于第一阈值，或者，所述二级缓存的带宽利用率低于第二阈值时，基于ARQ采用UDP发送一级缓存中的数据。
具体实施中，所述数据发送方法可以在CDN一级缓存侧的设备上实施。可以在现有CDN设备的基础上进行改进，例如，在现有的CDN一级缓存侧的设备的代理上增加探测模块和基于ARQ控制UDP的处理功能模块，探测所述一级缓存与所述二级缓存之间的链路质量或者探测所述二级缓存的带宽利用率，并基于探测结果进行一级缓存中数据的发送，具体的：当探测结果为所述一级缓存与所述二级缓存之间的链路质量低于第一阈值，或者，所述二级缓存的带宽利用率低于第二阈值时，基于ARQ采用UDP发送一级缓存中的数据；反之，当探测结果为所述一级缓存与所述二级缓存之间的链路质量不低于第一阈值，并且，所述二级缓存的带宽利用率不低于第二阈值时，采用HTTP发送一级缓存中的数据。
与CDN一级缓存侧的设备相对应地，在CDN二级缓存侧的设备的代理中增加ARQ处理功能模块，所述ARQ处理功能模块可以接收来自一级缓存的基于ARQ控制的UDP格式的数据转换为HTTP格式后缓存至二级缓存中。
其中，链路质量可以通过数据丢包率来衡量，具体实施中，还可以综合考虑误码率和时延等参数，这里不做具体限定。
具体实施中，如果需要考虑二级缓存的带宽利用率时，也可以对二级缓存的带宽利用率进行探测。
探测所述二级缓存的带宽利用率可以通过SNMP(Simple Network Management Protocol，简单网络管理协议)获取。
在实施中采用SNMP的方式是由于SNMP方式比较常用、主流，易于本领域技术人员使用/理解，所以这里以SNMP为例；但是，从理论上来说，用其他的方式也是可以的，只要能够实探测所述二级缓存的带宽利用率即可，SNMP仅用于教导本领域技术人员具体如何实施本发明，但并不意味仅能使用SNMP，实施过程中可以结合实践需要来确定相应的方式。
图2为本实施例中ARQ模块示意图，如图2所示，通过ARQ客户端1和ARQ客户端2在CDN一级缓存侧的设备和CDN二级缓存侧的设备之间建立ARQ传输隧道，实现CDN一级缓存和二级缓存之间基于ARQ控制UDP的数据传输。
ARQ是一种自动重新请求协议是OSI(Open System Interconnection，开放式系统互联)模型中数据链路层和传输层的错误纠正协议之一，通过使用确认和超时这两个机制，在不可靠服务的基础上实现可靠的信息传输。如果发送方在发送后一段时间之内没有收到来自接收方确认帧，发送方就重新发送。ARQ包括停止等待ARQ协议和联系ARQ协议，错误检测，正面确认，超时重传和负面确认及重传等机制。
ARQ协议被广泛使用在无线网络中，应用在无线通讯的链路层。在有线网络中，也有基于ARQ的实现。比如开源的KCP协议是ARQ协议快速和可靠的实现一种，KCP能以比TCP浪费10％-20％的带宽的代价，换取平均时延降低30％-40％，且最大延迟降低三倍的传输效果，数据传输速度能提升近十倍。KCP协议只提供传输控制的算法，不提供底层协议的数据收发。使用者可以根据自己的业务需求，编写实现代码。KCP的项目在https://github.com/skywind3000/kcp。整个协议只有ikcp.h,ikcp.c两个源文件，可以方便的集成到用户自己的协议栈中。将这两个文件集成到自己开发的项目中，增加几行代码，就能实现一套完善的ARQ可靠协议实现。
在实施中采用KCP、UDP的方式是由于KCP、UDP方式比较常用、主流，易于本领域技术人员使用/理解，所以这里以KCP、UDP为例；但是，从理论上来说，用其他的方式也是可以的，只要能够实现基于ARQ进行不面向连接或数据传输前握手协议简化的数据传输即可，KCP、UDP仅用于教导本领域技术人员具体如何实施本发明，但并不意味仅能使用KCP、UDP，实施过程中可以结合实践需要来确定相应的方式。
关于ARQ的详细说明可以参见标准协议RFC3366，这里不再赘述。
其中，所述一级缓存将用户访问的数据进行缓存，周期或非周期性地将缓存的数据发送至集中回源的二级缓存中，便于后续用户进行数据访问。
本发明实施例中的第一阈值、第二阈值可以是根据技术经验人工设置，也可以是通过历史数据统计得出，这里不做具体限定。
本实施例中提供的数据发送方法具有合理利用ARQ数据传输准确率的优点，可以首先探测一级缓存与二级缓存之间的链路质量，若链路质量低于第一阈值，则基于ARQ采用UDP进行数据发送；若链路质量不低于第一阈值，则继续探测二级缓存的带宽利用率，若二级缓存的带宽利用率低于第二阈值，则基于ARQ采用UDP进行数据发送，否则，采用HTTP发 送数据。
上述的探测示例为优选实施例，具体实施中，本领域技术人员也可以结合具体需要，首先探测二级缓存的带宽利用率，若二级缓存的带宽利用率低于第二阈值，则基于ARQ采用UDP进行数据发送；否则，继续探测一级缓存与二级缓存之间的链路质量，若链路质量低于第一阈值，则基于ARQ采用UDP进行数据发送，否则，采用HTTP发送数据。
这里不限定一级缓存与二级缓存之间的链路质量和二级缓存的带宽利用率探测的先后顺序。
实施中，实施数据发送方法，还可以包括：
在探测一级缓存与二级缓存之间的链路质量或者探测所述二级缓存的带宽利用率之前，接收来自所述二级缓存的连接请求。
有益效果：可以在接收到来自二级缓存的连接请求后，进行探测，按需合理探测。
实施中，基于ARQ控制采用UDP发送一级缓存中的数据，可以具体包括：
将所述一级缓存中的数据从HTTP格式转化成UDP格式后，基于ARQ采用UDP发送一级缓存中的数据。
所述数据发送方法还可以包括：
当所述探测结果为所述一级缓存与所述二级缓存之间的链路质量不低于第一阈值，并且，所述二级缓存的带宽利用率不低于第二阈值时，采用HTTP向所述二级缓存发送数据。
有益效果：可以在探测结果为所述一级缓存与所述二级缓存之间的链路质量不低于第一阈值，并且，所述二级缓存的带宽利用率不低于第二阈值时，采用HTTP向所述二级缓存发送数据，结合探测结果合理选择数据传输的方式。
本发明实施例提供的数据发送方法通过探测一级缓存与二级缓存之间的链路质量或者探测所述二级缓存的带宽利用率，得到探测结果；当所述探测结果为所述一级缓存与所述二级缓存之间的链路质量低于第一阈值，或者，所述二级缓存的带宽利用率低于第二阈值时，基于ARQ采用UDP发送一级缓存中的数据，可以在CDN一级缓存侧和二级缓存侧链路质量不佳或二级缓存侧带宽利用率较低时，基于ARQ采用UDP发送一级缓存中的数据，有效加快数据传输数据，提供带宽利用效率。
基于上述数据发送方法的同一发明构思，本发明实施例中还提供了一种数据发送装置，该数据发送装置的实施可以参见数据发送方法的相关说明，重复之处不再赘述。
图3示出了本发明实施例一中数据发送装置的结构示意图，如图3所示，该数据发送装置可以包括：
探测模块301，用于探测一级缓存与二级缓存之间的链路质量或者探测所述二级缓存的带宽利用率，得到探测结果；所述一级缓存为内容分发网络CDN中靠近用户分布的缓存，用于缓存用户访问的数据；所述二级缓存为CDN中用于集中回源的缓存；
第一发送模块302，用于当所述探测结果为所述一级缓存与所述二级缓存之间的链路质量低于第一阈值，或者，所述二级缓存的带宽利用率低于第二阈值时，基于ARQ采用UDP发送一级缓存中的数据；所述一级缓存用于缓存用户访问的数据。
具体实施中，所述数据发送装置可以对应于CDN一级缓存侧，可以在现有CDN设备的基础上进行改进，例如，在现有的CDN一级缓存侧增加探测模块和基于ARQ控制UDP的处理功能模块，由探测模块来探测所述一级缓存与所述二级缓存之间的链路质量或者探测所述二级缓存的带宽利用率，第一发送模块并基于探测结果进行一级缓存中数据的发送，具体的： 当探测结果为所述一级缓存与所述二级缓存之间的链路质量低于第一阈值，或者，所述二级缓存的带宽利用率低于第二阈值时，第一发送模块基于ARQ采用UDP发送一级缓存中的数据；反之，当探测结果为所述一级缓存与所述二级缓存之间的链路质量不低于第一阈值，并且，所述二级缓存的带宽利用率不低于第二阈值时，第一发送模块采用HTTP发送一级缓存中的数据。
本发明实施例提供的数据发送装置，由于包括了可以探测所述一级缓存与所述二级缓存之间的链路质量或者探测所述二级缓存的带宽利用率的探测模块，当所述探测模块反馈的探测结果为所述一级缓存与所述二级缓存之间的链路质量低于第一阈值或者所述二级缓存的带宽利用率低于第二阈值时，第一发送模块基于ARQ采用UDP发送一级缓存中的数据的传输控制模块，可以在CDN一级缓存和二级缓存链路质量不佳或二级缓存侧带宽利用率较低时，基于ARQ采用UDP发送一级缓存中的数据，有效加快数据传输数据，提供带宽利用效率。
实施中，所述数据发送装置还可以包括：第一接收模块303，用于在探测所述一级缓存与所述二级缓存之间的链路质量或者探测所述二级缓存的带宽利用率之前，接收来自所述二级缓存的连接请求。
有益效果：探测模块可以在第一接收模块接收到来自二级缓存的连接请求后，进行探测，按需合理探测。
实施中，所述第一发送模块可以进一步用于当所述探测结果为所述一级缓存与所述二级缓存之间的链路质量不低于第一阈值，并且，所述二级缓存的带宽利用率不低于第二阈值时，采用HTTP向所述二级缓存发送数据。
有益效果：可以在探测结果为所述一级缓存与所述二级缓存之间的链路质量不低于第一阈值，并且，所述二级缓存的带宽利用率不低于第二阈 值时，采用HTTP向所述二级缓存发送数据，结合探测结果合理选择数据传输的方式。
实施中，所述第一发送模块可以具体用于将所述一级缓存中的数据从超文本传输协议HTTP格式转化成UDP格式后，基于ARQ采用UDP发送出去。
具体实施中，由于现有的一级缓存输出的基本是HTTP格式的，第一发送模块在发送数据之前，需要将来自一级缓存的HTTP格式的数据转换为UDP格式后，基于ARQ采用UDP进行发送。
基于与上述数据发送方法及设备属于一个总的发明构思，本发明实施例还提供了一种数据接收方法与装置，相关的重复之处不再赘述。
图4为本发明实施例一中数据接收方法的流程示意图，如图4所示，所述数据接收方法可以包括如下步骤：
步骤401、当一级缓存与二级缓存之间的链路质量低于第一阈值，或者，所述二级缓存的带宽利用率低于第二阈值时，接收基于ARQ控制采用UDP发送的来自所述一级缓存的数据，并且将所述数据从UDP格式转换为HTTP格式；所述一级缓存为内容分发网络CDN中靠近用户分布的缓存，用于缓存用户访问的数据；所述二级缓存为CDN中用于集中回源的缓存；
步骤402、将HTTP格式的数据缓存至二级缓存。
本发明实施例提供的数据接收方法可以在CDN二级缓存侧的设备上实施，当所述一级缓存与所述二级缓存之间的链路质量低于第一阈值，或者，所述二级缓存的带宽利用率低于第二阈值时，接收基于ARQ控制采用UDP发送的来自所述一级缓存的数据，并且将所述数据从UDP格式转换为HTTP格式，将HTTP格式的数据缓存至二级缓存，可以在CDN一级缓存侧和二级缓存侧链路质量不佳或二级缓存侧带宽利用率较低时，接收并缓存基于ARQ采用UDP发送一级缓存中的数据，有效加快数据传输数据，提供带宽 利用效率。
实施中，所述数据接收方法还可以包括：
在接收基于ARQ控制采用UDP发送的来自所述一级缓存的数据之前，向所述一级缓存发送连接请求。
有益效果：在接收来自一级缓存的数据之前，发送连接请求，可以方便CDN一级缓存侧进行按需合理探测。
实施中，当所述一级缓存与所述二级缓存之间的链路质量不低于第一阈值，并且，所述二级缓存的带宽利用率不低于第二阈值时，可以将来自所述一级缓存的HTTP格式的数据缓存至二级缓存。
有益效果：可以在当所述一级缓存与所述二级缓存之间的链路质量不低于第一阈值，并且，所述二级缓存的带宽利用率不低于第二阈值时，缓存来自所述一级缓存的HTTP格式的数据至二级缓存，结合实际的数据传输条件合理选择数据传输的方式。
基于上述数据接收方法的同一发明构思，本发明实施例中还提供了一种数据接收装置，该数据接收装置的实施可以参见数据接收方法的相关说明，重复之处不再赘述。
图5为本发明实施例一中数据接收装置的结构示意图，如图5所示，所述数据接收装置可以包括：
接收转换模块501，用于当一级缓存与二级缓存之间的链路质量低于第一阈值，或者，所述二级缓存的带宽利用率低于第二阈值时，接收基于ARQ控制采用UDP发送的来自所述一级缓存的数据，并且将所述数据从UDP格式转换为HTTP格式；所述一级缓存为内容分发网络CDN中靠近用户分布的缓存，用于缓存用户访问的数据；所述二级缓存为CDN中用于集中回源的缓。
缓存模块502，用于将HTTP格式的数据缓存至二级缓存。
具体实施中，所述数据接收装置是与上述的数据发送装置相对应的，可以在CDN二级缓存侧增加ARQ处理功能模块，所述ARQ处理功能模块可以接收来自一级缓存的基于ARQ控制的UDP格式的数据转换为HTTP格式后缓存至二级缓存中。
本发明实施例提供的数据接收装置，由于包括了当一级缓存与二级缓存之间的链路质量低于第一阈值，或者，所述二级缓存的带宽利用率低于第二阈值时，接收所述一级缓存基于ARQ控制采用UDP发送的数据，并且将所述数据从UDP格式转换为HTTP格式的接收转换模块，可以接收CDN一级缓存侧基于ARQ采用UDP发送过来的数据，可以配合CDN一级缓存侧在一级缓存和二级缓存链路质量不佳或二级缓存带宽利用率较低时，接收并缓存CDN一级缓存侧基于ARQ采用UDP发送一级缓存中的数据，有效加快数据传输数据，提供带宽利用效率。
实施中，所述数据接收装置还可以包括：
第二发送模块503，用于在接收基于ARQ控制采用UDP发送的来自所述一级缓存的数据之前，向所述一级缓存发送连接请求。
有益效果：在接收来自CDN一级缓存侧的数据之前，由第二发送模块发送连接请求，可以方便CDN一级缓存侧进行按需合理探测。
实施中，所述缓存模块可以进一步用于当所述一级缓存与所述二级缓存之间的链路质量不低于第一阈值，并且，所述二级缓存的带宽利用率不低于第二阈值时，将来自所述一级缓存的HTTP格式的数据缓存至二级缓存。
具体实施中，当所述一级缓存与所述二级缓存之间的链路质量不低于第一阈值，并且，所述二级缓存的带宽利用率不低于第二阈值时，可以沿用现有技术中的数据接收方式，将来自一级缓存侧的HTTP格式数据直接缓存至二级缓存中。
有益效果：可以在当所述一级缓存与所述二级缓存之间的链路质量不低于第一阈值，并且，所述二级缓存的带宽利用率不低于第二阈值时，缓存来自所述一级缓存的HTTP格式的数据，结合实际的数据传输条件合理选择数据传输的方式。
基于上述数据发送方法的同一发明构思，本发明实施例提供了一种服务器(一)。
图6为本发明实施例提供的服务器(一)的结构示意图。如图6所示，所述服务器(一)可以包括：
存储器620，一个或多个处理器610，通信接口630，总线以及一个或多个模块，所述处理器、所述存储器和所述通信接口通过所述总线连接并完成相互间的通信；所述一个或多个模块被存储在所述存储器中，并被配置成由所述一个或多个处理器执行，所述一个或多个模块包括用于执行上述数据发送方法中各个步骤的指令。
基于上述数据接收方法的同一发明构思，本发明实施例还提供了一种计算机程序产品，所述计算机程序产品包括计算机可读的存储介质和内嵌于其中的计算机程序机制，所述计算机程序机制包括用于执行上述数据发送方法中各个步骤的指令。
基于上述数据接收方法的同一发明构思，本发明实施例提供了一种服务器(二)。
图7为本发明实施例提供的服务器(二)的结构示意图，如图7所示，所述服务器(二)可以包括：
存储器720，一个或多个处理器720，通信接口730，总线以及一个或多个模块，所述处理器、所述存储器和所述通信接口通过所述总线连接并完成相互间的通信；所述一个或多个模块被存储在所述存储器中，并被配置成由所述一个或多个处理器执行，所述一个或多个模块包括用于执行所 述数据接收方法中各个步骤的指令。
基于上述数据接收方法的同一发明构思，本发明实施例还提供了一种计算机程序产品，所述计算机程序产品包括计算机可读的存储介质和内嵌于其中的计算机程序机制，所述计算机程序机制包括用于执行所述数据接收方法中各个步骤的指令。
为了便于本发明的实施，下面以实例进行说明。
本发明实施例二以CDN实际应用场景为例，对本发明实施例一进行详细描述。
实施例二
在CDN一级缓存侧的设备上部署一个代理，这个代理既有HTTP代理服务器的功能，又支持ARQ协议，具有探测功能，可以探测一级缓存和二级缓存之间的链路质量，通过SNMP协议从二级缓存获取二级缓存的带宽使用情况。具体的，该代理包括HTTP代理服务器功能模块、支持ARQ的功能模块、探测模块和配置模块，具体实施中，可以在现有的一级缓存侧的设备代理上增加探测模块和支持ARQ的功能模块。支持ARQ的功能模块可以根据例如KCP协议实现的一种快速可靠的UDP传输隧道；探测模块负责探测CDN一级缓存和二级缓存之间的链路质量，探测方式可以采用ICMP(Internet Control Message Protocol，Internet控制报文协议)协议，并可以通过例如SNMP协议探测二级缓存的带宽利用率；配置模块负责配置变量信息，这里不做具体限定。
图8为本发明实施例中CDN一级缓存侧的设备的代理结构示意图，HTTP代理服务器功能模块、支持ARQ的功能模块1、探测模块和配置模块之间的关系如图8所示。
图9为本发明实施例中CDN一级缓存侧代理的处理流程示意图，如图9所示，具体如下：
步骤901、开始；
步骤902、接收二级缓存的连接请求；
步骤903、探测CDN一级缓存和二级缓存的链路质量或二级缓存的带宽利用率，根据探测结果，确定基于HTTP传输或者基于ARQ传输；
步骤904、当链路质量低于第一阈值(例如误码率高于15％)，或者，所述二级缓存的带宽利用率低于第二阈值(例如带宽利用率低于50％)时，采用ARQ方式传输；
步骤905、链路质量不低于第一阈值(例如误码率不高于15％)，并且，所述二级缓存的带宽利用率不低于第二阈值(例如带宽利用率不低于50％)时，采用HTTP进行数据传输；
步骤906、传输完毕，关闭连接；
步骤907、结束。
在CDN二级缓存侧的设备上，部署一个支持ARQ协议的应用，以配合一级缓存侧的设备进行数据接收处理。
图10采用本发明实施例提供的方案后，CDN一级缓存侧的设备发送数据的流程示意图，如图10所示，具体如下：
步骤1001、一级缓存侧的设备代理的探测模块周期或非周期性(例如，可以在接收到二级缓存侧的设备的连接请求后)地探测，具体探测内容包括：CDN一、二级缓存侧的设备之间的链路质量或者探测二级缓存侧的设备的带宽利用率；
步骤1002、一级缓存侧的设备代理接收到一级缓存的连接请求后，根据步骤1001的探测结果，确定采用可靠的ARQ传输，或者，确定直接采用HTTP传输。
步骤1003、若一级缓存侧的设备代理确定采用可靠的ARQ传输，将来自一级缓存中的HTTP格式的数据转换成UDP的数据格式，通过在CDN 一、二级缓存的设备之间增设的ARQ隧道传输至二级缓存侧的设备的支持ARQ协议的应用对应的功能模块2，由支持ARQ的功能模块2将接收的数据从UDP格式转换为HTTP格式后，发送至二级缓存进行缓存。
步骤1004、若确定直接采用HTTP传输，将二级缓存侧的设备的请求的位于一级缓存中的数据直接以HTTP格式发送至二级缓存，并将来自二级缓存的响应信息返回给一级缓存。
本发明实施例提供的方案，基于对CDN一、二级缓存侧的设备的改进，根据探测到的CDN一、二级缓存侧的设备之间的链路质量或者二级缓存侧的设备的带宽利用率的，确定具体采用ARQ传输还是采用HTTP直接传输，可以灵活地根据CDN一级缓存和二级缓存的链路质量或二级缓存的带宽利用率，合理地选择数据传输的方式，有效加快数据传输数据，提供带宽利用效率。
上述实施例中，均可以采用现有的功能元器件模块来实施。例如，处理模块可以采用现有的数据处理元器件，至少，现有定位技术中采用的定位服务器上便具备实现该功能元器件；至于接收模块，则是任意一个具备信号传输功能的设备都具备的元器件；同时，处理模块进行的A、n参数计算、强度调整等采用的都是现有的技术手段，本领域技术人员经过相应的设计开发即可实现。
为了描述的方便，以上所述装置的各部分以功能分为各种模块或单元分别描述。当然，在实施本发明时可以把各模块或单元的功能在同一个或多个软件或硬件中实现。
本领域内的技术人员应明白，本发明的实施例可提供为方法、系统、或计算机程序产品。因此，本发明可采用完全硬件实施例、完全软件实施例、或结合软件和硬件方面的实施例的形式。而且，本发明可采用在一个或多个其中包含有计算机可用程序代码的计算机可用存储介质(包括但不 限于磁盘存储器、CD-ROM、光学存储器等)上实施的计算机程序产品的形式。
本发明是参照根据本发明实施例的方法、设备(系统)、和计算机程序产品的流程图和/或方框图来描述的。应理解可由计算机程序指令实现流程图和/或方框图中的每一流程和/或方框、以及流程图和/或方框图中的流程和/或方框的结合。可提供这些计算机程序指令到通用计算机、专用计算机、嵌入式处理机或其他可编程数据处理设备的处理器以产生一个机器，使得通过计算机或其他可编程数据处理设备的处理器执行的指令产生用于实现在流程图一个流程或多个流程和/或方框图一个方框或多个方框中指定的功能的装置。
这些计算机程序指令也可存储在能引导计算机或其他可编程数据处理设备以特定方式工作的计算机可读存储器中，使得存储在该计算机可读存储器中的指令产生包括指令装置的制造品，该指令装置实现在流程图一个流程或多个流程和/或方框图一个方框或多个方框中指定的功能。
这些计算机程序指令也可装载到计算机或其他可编程数据处理设备上，使得在计算机或其他可编程设备上执行一系列操作步骤以产生计算机实现的处理，从而在计算机或其他可编程设备上执行的指令提供用于实现在流程图一个流程或多个流程和/或方框图一个方框或多个方框中指定的功能的步骤。
尽管已描述了本发明的优选实施例，但本领域内的技术人员一旦得知了基本创造性概念，则可对这些实施例作出另外的变更和修改。所以，所附权利要求意欲解释为包括优选实施例以及落入本发明范围的所有变更和修改。

Claims (18)

  1. 一种数据发送方法，其特征在于，包括如下步骤：
    探测一级缓存与二级缓存之间的链路质量或者探测所述二级缓存的带宽利用率，得到探测结果；所述一级缓存为内容分发网络CDN中靠近用户分布的缓存，用于缓存用户访问的数据；所述二级缓存为CDN中用于集中回源的缓存；
    当所述探测结果为所述一级缓存与所述二级缓存之间的链路质量低于第一阈值，或者，所述二级缓存的带宽利用率低于第二阈值时，基于ARQ采用UDP发送一级缓存中的数据。
  2. 如权利要求1所述的方法，其特征在于，还包括：
    在探测所述一级缓存与所述二级缓存之间的链路质量或者探测所述二级缓存的带宽利用率之前，接收来自所述二级缓存的连接请求。
  3. 如权利要求1所述的方法，其特征在于，基于ARQ控制采用UDP发送一级缓存中的数据，具体包括：
    将所述一级缓存中的数据从HTTP格式转化成UDP格式后，基于ARQ采用UDP发送一级缓存中的数据。
  4. 如权利要求1所述的方法，其特征在于，还包括：
    当所述探测结果为所述一级缓存与所述二级缓存之间的链路质量不低于第一阈值，并且，所述二级缓存的带宽利用率不低于第二阈值时，采用HTTP向所述二级缓存发送数据。
  5. 一种数据发送装置，其特征在于，包括：
    探测模块，用于探测一级缓存与二级缓存之间的链路质量或者探测所述二级缓存的带宽利用率，得到探测结果；所述一级缓存为内容分发网络CDN中靠近用户分布的缓存，用于缓存用户访问的数据；所述二级缓存为CDN中用于集中回源的缓存；
    第一发送模块，用于当所述探测结果为所述一级缓存与所述二级缓存之间的链路质量低于第一阈值，或者，所述二级缓存的带宽利用率低于第二阈值时，基于ARQ采用UDP发送一级缓存中的数据；所述一级缓存用于缓存用户访问的数据。
  6. 如权利要求5所述的装置，其特征在于，还包括：
    第一接收模块，用于在探测所述一级缓存与所述二级缓存之间的链路质量或者探测所述二级缓存的带宽利用率之前，接收来自所述二级缓存的连接请求。
  7. 如权利要求5所述的装置，其特征在于，所述第一发送模块具体用于将所述一级缓存中的数据从超文本传输协议HTTP格式转化成UDP格式后，基于ARQ采用UDP发送出去。
  8. 如权利要求5所述的装置，其特征在于，所述第一发送模块进一步用于当所述探测结果为所述一级缓存与所述二级缓存之间的链路质量不低于第一阈值，并且，所述二级缓存的带宽利用率不低于第二阈值时，采用HTTP向所述二级缓存发送数据。
  9. 一种数据接收方法，其特征在于，包括如下步骤：
    当一级缓存与二级缓存之间的链路质量低于第一阈值，或者，所述二级缓存的带宽利用率低于第二阈值时，接收基于ARQ控制采用UDP发送的来自所述一级缓存的数据，并且将所述数据从UDP格式转换为HTTP格式；所述一级缓存为内容分发网络CDN中靠近用户分布的缓存，用于缓存用户访问的数据；所述二级缓存为CDN中用于集中回源的缓存；
    将HTTP格式的数据缓存至二级缓存。
  10. 如权利要求所述9的方法，其特征在于，还包括：
    在接收基于ARQ控制采用UDP发送的来自所述一级缓存的数据之前，向所述一级缓存发送连接请求。
  11. 如权利要求9所述的方法，其特征在于，当所述一级缓存与所述二级缓存之间的链路质量不低于第一阈值，并且，所述二级缓存的带宽利用率不低于第二阈值时，将来自所述一级缓存的HTTP格式的数据缓存至二级缓存。
  12. 一种数据接收装置，其特征在于，包括：
    接收转换模块，用于当一级缓存与二级缓存之间的链路质量低于第一阈值，或者，所述二级缓存的带宽利用率低于第二阈值时，接收基于ARQ控制采用UDP发送的来自所述一级缓存的数据，并且将所述数据从UDP格式转换为HTTP格式；所述一级缓存为内容分发网络CDN中靠近用户分布的缓存，用于缓存用户访问的数据；所述二级缓存为CDN中用于集中回源的缓；
    缓存模块，用于将HTTP格式的数据缓存至二级缓存。
  13. 如权利要求12所述的装置，其特征在于，还包括：
    第二发送模块，用于在接收基于ARQ控制采用UDP发送的来自所述一级缓存的数据之前，向所述一级缓存发送连接请求。
  14. 如权利要求12所述的装置，其特征在于，所述缓存模块进一步用于当所述一级缓存与所述二级缓存之间的链路质量不低于第一阈值，并且，所述二级缓存的带宽利用率不低于第二阈值时，将来自所述一级缓存的HTTP格式的数据缓存至二级缓存。
  15. 一种服务器，其特征在于，所述服务器包括：
    存储器，一个或多个处理器，通信接口，总线以及一个或多个模块，所述处理器、所述存储器和所述通信接口通过所述总线连接并完成相互间的通信；所述一个或多个模块被存储在所述存储器中，并被配置成由所述一个或多个处理器执行，所述一个或多个模块包括用于执行权利要求1-4中任一所述方法中各个步骤的指令。
  16. 一种计算机程序产品，所述计算机程序产品包括计算机可读的存储介质和内嵌于其中的计算机程序机制，所述计算机程序机制包括用于执行权利要求1-4中任一所述方法中各个步骤的指令。
  17. 一种服务器，其特征在于，所述服务器包括：
    存储器，一个或多个处理器，通信接口，总线以及一个或多个模块，所述处理器、所述存储器和所述通信接口通过所述总线连接并完成相互间的通信；所述一个或多个模块被存储在所述存储器中，并被配置成由所述一个或多个处理器执行，所述一个或多个模块包括用于执行权利要求9-11中任一所述方法中各个步骤的指令。
  18. 一种计算机程序产品，所述计算机程序产品包括计算机可读的存储介质和内嵌于其中的计算机程序机制，所述计算机程序机制包括用于执行权利要求9-11中任一所述方法中各个步骤的指令。
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