WO2018081945A1 - 传感器本底噪声的检测方法及其装置 - Google Patents

传感器本底噪声的检测方法及其装置 Download PDF

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WO2018081945A1
WO2018081945A1 PCT/CN2016/104334 CN2016104334W WO2018081945A1 WO 2018081945 A1 WO2018081945 A1 WO 2018081945A1 CN 2016104334 W CN2016104334 W CN 2016104334W WO 2018081945 A1 WO2018081945 A1 WO 2018081945A1
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noise floor
noise
sensor
value
register
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PCT/CN2016/104334
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English (en)
French (fr)
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谭波
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深圳市汇顶科技股份有限公司
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Priority to EP16920464.1A priority Critical patent/EP3370074B1/en
Priority to PCT/CN2016/104334 priority patent/WO2018081945A1/zh
Priority to CN201680001488.7A priority patent/CN106662463B/zh
Publication of WO2018081945A1 publication Critical patent/WO2018081945A1/zh
Priority to US15/993,909 priority patent/US10982971B2/en

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    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01D—MEASURING NOT SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR A SPECIFIC VARIABLE; ARRANGEMENTS FOR MEASURING TWO OR MORE VARIABLES NOT COVERED IN A SINGLE OTHER SUBCLASS; TARIFF METERING APPARATUS; MEASURING OR TESTING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • G01D3/00—Indicating or recording apparatus with provision for the special purposes referred to in the subgroups
    • G01D3/028—Indicating or recording apparatus with provision for the special purposes referred to in the subgroups mitigating undesired influences, e.g. temperature, pressure
    • G01D3/036—Indicating or recording apparatus with provision for the special purposes referred to in the subgroups mitigating undesired influences, e.g. temperature, pressure on measuring arrangements themselves
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01D—MEASURING NOT SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR A SPECIFIC VARIABLE; ARRANGEMENTS FOR MEASURING TWO OR MORE VARIABLES NOT COVERED IN A SINGLE OTHER SUBCLASS; TARIFF METERING APPARATUS; MEASURING OR TESTING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • G01D3/00—Indicating or recording apparatus with provision for the special purposes referred to in the subgroups
    • G01D3/028—Indicating or recording apparatus with provision for the special purposes referred to in the subgroups mitigating undesired influences, e.g. temperature, pressure
    • G01D3/032—Indicating or recording apparatus with provision for the special purposes referred to in the subgroups mitigating undesired influences, e.g. temperature, pressure affecting incoming signal, e.g. by averaging; gating undesired signals

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  • Embodiments of the present invention relate to the field of electronic technologies, and in particular, to a method and device for detecting a noise floor of a sensor.
  • sensors are widely used in various industries, and various new types of sensors are constantly being introduced, which provides convenience for people to obtain external information.
  • the sensor converts one signal into another based on one of its own physical characteristics.
  • the output of the sensor can be divided into two parts. Some of the output components vary with the amount of effective input, which can reflect changes in the effective input. The other part of the output component is called the noise floor of the sensor, which does not change with the change of the effective input. Even when the effective input is zero, the output component is not zero (ie, the noise floor is not zero), and the background Noise can change due to environmental factors such as temperature, humidity, and material fatigue of the sensor itself.
  • the zeroing method is used to measure the noise floor of the sensor; that is, the value measured with the effective input amount being zero is used as the noise floor.
  • measuring the noise floor of the sensor by the zeroing method is suitable for sensors that have a relatively fixed environment during operation and are capable of controlling the input.
  • the zeroing method is difficult to apply to sensors in such a working environment.
  • various sensors in a mobile phone cannot isolate external input for calibration, and these sensors need to work continuously, making it more difficult to apply the zeroing method to measure the noise floor of the sensor.
  • An object of the present invention is to provide a method for detecting a noise floor of a sensor and a device thereof, which can dynamically detect the noise floor of the sensor, so that the change value of the sensor with the environment can be updated to the noise floor, thereby improving The sensor detects the accuracy of the valid signal.
  • an embodiment of the present invention provides a method for detecting a noise floor of a sensor, including: receiving a sampled value of a sensor output, and determining whether the sampled value belongs to a noise floor allowable range; When the value belongs to the noise floor allowable range, the sampled value is selected as the current noise sample value; and the calculated according to the last noise floor of the sensor and the current noise sample value.
  • the noise floor of the sensor including: receiving a sampled value of a sensor output, and determining whether the sampled value belongs to a noise floor allowable range; When the value belongs to the noise floor allowable range, the sampled value is selected as the current noise sample value; and the calculated according to the last noise floor of the sensor and the current noise sample value.
  • An embodiment of the present invention further provides a sensor noise floor detecting apparatus, comprising: a determining unit, configured to receive a sampling value output by the sensor, and determine whether the sampling value belongs to a noise floor allowable range; And when the sampled value belongs to the noise floor allowable range, the sampled value is selected as the current noise floor sample value; and the calculating unit is configured to use the last noise floor of the sensor according to the The sub-noise noise sample value is used to calculate the current noise floor of the sensor.
  • Embodiments of the present invention provide a method for detecting a noise floor of a sensor relative to the prior art.
  • the current noise floor of the sensor is calculated according to the sampled value and the previous noise floor; that is, the detection method of the embodiment can be in the sensor
  • the tracking noise is detected when the noise floor changes with the environment, so that the change value of the sensor with the environmental change is updated to the noise floor, which improves the accuracy of the current noise floor and improves the accuracy of the effective sampling value of the sensor output.
  • a formula for calculating the noise floor is provided, and the change value of the sensor with the environmental change can be updated to the noise floor according to a certain weight, so that the detected noise floor is the current latest value.
  • an upper boundary value of the noise floor allowable range is a sum of the last bottom noise sample value and a half of a preset noise floor width
  • a lower boundary value of the noise floor allowable range is the upper The difference between the sub-noise noise sample value and half the width of the noise floor channel.
  • a setting mode of the noise floor allowable range is provided.
  • a calculation method of the noise floor width is provided.
  • the method for detecting the noise floor of the sensor further includes: selecting the last noise floor sample value as the current noise floor sample value when the sample value does not belong to the noise floor allowable range.
  • the method for detecting the noise floor of the sensor further includes: selecting the last noise floor sample value as the current noise floor sample value when the sample value does not belong to the noise floor allowable range.
  • FIG. 1 is a specific flowchart of a method of detecting a noise floor of a sensor according to a first embodiment
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram showing the principle of a method for detecting a noise floor of a sensor according to a first embodiment
  • FIG. 3 is a specific flowchart of a method for detecting a noise floor of a sensor according to a third embodiment
  • FIG. 4 is a block diagram showing a device for detecting noise floor noise according to a fourth embodiment
  • FIG. 5 is a circuit diagram of a determination unit and a selection unit according to a sixth embodiment
  • Fig. 6 is a circuit diagram of a computing unit according to a sixth embodiment.
  • a first embodiment of the present invention relates to a method of detecting a noise floor of a sensor, which is applied to a sensor.
  • the specific process is shown in Figure 1, including:
  • Step 101 Receive a sampling value output by the sensor, and determine whether the sampling value belongs to the noise floor allowable range; if yes, proceed to step 102, otherwise directly end.
  • the sampled value output by the sensor is a sampled value as an input for detecting the noise floor of the sensor; when there is no valid input signal in the sensor, the sensor outputs a noise floor.
  • the upper boundary value of the allowable range of the noise floor is the sum of the previous noise floor sample value and half of the preset noise floor channel width
  • the lower boundary value of the noise floor allowable range is the last background. The difference between the noise sample value and half the width of the noise floor channel.
  • the normal distribution variance (the noise of the sampled signal input in the sensor itself and the noise introduced during the sensor conversion are ultimately reflected in ⁇ ), n is a natural number that meets the marginal requirements of safety.
  • the width of the noise floor can be preset according to the above formula.
  • the size of the preset noise floor width can be specifically set according to the working environment of the sensor, which is not limited in this embodiment.
  • the sampled value when the input sample value is greater than or equal to the lower boundary value and less than or equal to the upper boundary value, it may be determined that the sampled value belongs to the noise floor allowable range; if the sampled value is smaller than the lower boundary value or When the value is greater than the upper boundary value, it can be determined that the sampled value does not belong to the noise floor allowable range; for example, in the phase A, the input sample value is smaller than the lower boundary value, and obviously, the sampled value at this time does not belong to the noise floor allowable range.
  • step 102 the sampled value is selected as the current noise sample value.
  • the sampled value belongs to the noise floor allowable range; that is, it indicates that the sampled value fluctuates within the allowable range of the noise floor, and the sampled value is used as the current noise sample value for updating the sensor.
  • Sub-background noise when the sampled value belongs to the noise floor allowable range; that is, it indicates that the sampled value fluctuates within the allowable range of the noise floor, and the sampled value is used as the current noise sample value for updating the sensor.
  • Step 103 Calculate the current noise floor of the sensor according to the last noise floor of the sensor and the sample value of the noise floor.
  • the sampling period may be preset, so that the sensor can automatically output the sampling value periodically, thereby detecting the noise floor with a preset sampling period.
  • the preset period can be set according to the actual working condition of the sensor, and the embodiment does not impose any limitation on this.
  • the last noise floor is the noise floor of the sensor detected in the previous cycle.
  • the user can preset the relationship between the noise floor and the previous noise floor and the sample value of the noise floor according to actual needs, thereby calculating the noise floor.
  • the current noise floor of the sensor is calculated according to the sampled value and the previous noise floor; That is, the detection method of the embodiment can perform tracking detection when the noise floor of the sensor changes with environmental changes, thereby improving the accuracy of the current noise floor, thereby improving the accuracy of the effective sampling value of the sensor output. Moreover, the embodiment can periodically output the sensor The sampled value is detected, that is, the noise floor can be updated intermittently during the normal operation of the sensor to avoid affecting the normal operation of the sensor.
  • a second embodiment of the present invention relates to a method for detecting a noise floor of a sensor, and a second embodiment is refinement based on the first embodiment, and the main refinement is that in the second embodiment of the present invention, In the step of calculating the current noise floor of the sensor according to the last noise floor of the sensor and the sample value of the noise floor, the current input and the previous input value are accumulated according to different weights to obtain the present Sub-background noise.
  • Base 0 represents the current noise floor
  • Base 1 represents the last noise floor
  • Input 0 represents the current noise sample value
  • 1/N 1 represents the weight corresponding to the previous noise floor
  • 1/N 2 Indicates the weight corresponding to the noise sample value of this time.
  • the weights 1/N 1 and 1/N 2 are related to the environment in which the sensor works, the type of the sensor, and the actual demand, and may be specifically set according to actual conditions. Any restrictions.
  • Base 0 (Base 2 /N 1 +Input 1 /N 2 )/N 1 +Input 0 /N 2 (2)
  • Base 0 ((Base 3 /N 1 +Input 2 /N 2 )/N 1 +Input 1 /N 2 )/N 1 +Input 0 /N 2 (3)
  • Base 0 Base 3 /(N 1* N 1* N 1 )+Input 2 /(N 2* N 1* N 1 )+Input 1 /(N 2* N 1 )/N 1 +Input 0 /N 2 (4)
  • the noise floor is the current input value Input 0 and the previous input value (Input 1 , Input 2 ... Input N-1 , N is an integer that is greater than 2) and the sum is added according to different weights.
  • the present embodiment provides a calculation method of the present noise floor, that is, the current noise floor sample value of the sensor and the previous noise floor are distributed according to a certain weight distribution. Average, thereby updating the sensor's change value with environmental changes to the noise floor, so that the detected noise floor is the current latest value.
  • a third embodiment of the present invention relates to a method for detecting a noise floor of a sensor.
  • the third embodiment is improved on the basis of the first embodiment.
  • the main improvement is that in the third embodiment of the present invention, as shown in the figure As shown in Fig. 3, when it is judged that the sampled value does not belong to the noise floor allowable range, the last noise sample value is selected as the current noise sample value.
  • Steps 301 to 303 in the present embodiment are the same as steps 101 to 103 in the first embodiment, and are not described herein again.
  • Step 304 is added in the embodiment, and the method for detecting the noise floor of the sensor in this embodiment is added. As shown in Figure 3, the specific description is as follows:
  • step 304 the last noise sample value is selected as the current noise sample value.
  • the previous local noise sample value is directly selected as the current noise sample value, and no judgment is needed again.
  • the sensor noise floor detecting method of the embodiment is applied to software, the workload is reduced, and power consumption is saved.
  • a fourth embodiment of the present invention relates to a sensor noise floor detecting device.
  • the sensor noise floor detecting device includes a judging unit 1, a selecting unit 2, and a calculating unit 3.
  • the judging unit 1 is configured to receive the sampling value output by the sensor, and determine whether the sampling value belongs to the noise floor allowable range.
  • the selecting unit 2 is configured to select the sampled value as the current noise sample value when the sampled value belongs to the noise floor allowable range.
  • the upper boundary value of the noise floor allowable range is the sum of the previous noise floor sample value and a half of the preset noise floor channel width
  • the lower boundary value of the noise floor allowable range is The difference between the last noise floor sample value and half the width of the noise floor channel.
  • the calculating unit 3 is configured to calculate the current noise floor of the sensor according to the last noise floor of the sensor and the current noise sample value.
  • the functions implemented by the determining unit 1, the selecting unit 2, and the calculating unit 3 can be implemented by a processor.
  • the selection can be made according to actual conditions, and the embodiment does not impose any limitation.
  • the present embodiment provides a detecting device for detecting a noise floor of a sensor, which can apply the detecting method of the sensor noise floor provided by the embodiment of the present invention.
  • the present embodiment is an apparatus embodiment corresponding to the first embodiment, and the present embodiment can be implemented in cooperation with the first embodiment.
  • the related technical details mentioned in the first embodiment are still effective in the present embodiment, and are not described herein again in order to reduce repetition. Accordingly, the related art details mentioned in the present embodiment can also be applied to the first embodiment.
  • a fifth embodiment of the present invention relates to a device for detecting a noise floor of a sensor, and a fifth embodiment is refinement based on the fourth embodiment, and the main refinement is that a noise floor of the present invention is provided. Calculation.
  • the calculation unit calculates the noise floor according to the previous noise floor and the current noise sample value
  • the present embodiment provides a calculation method of the noise floor, and the calculation method of the current noise sample value of the sensor and the previous noise sample sample value are The noise floor value is averaged according to a certain weight distribution. While updating the change value of the sensor with the environmental change to the noise floor, it has a certain smoothing filtering function, and smoothes the system noise, so that the detected The noise floor is more accurate.
  • the present embodiment is an apparatus embodiment corresponding to the second embodiment, and the present embodiment can be implemented in cooperation with the second embodiment.
  • the related technical details mentioned in the second embodiment are still effective in the present embodiment, and are not described herein again in order to reduce repetition. Accordingly, the related art details mentioned in the present embodiment can also be applied to the second embodiment.
  • a sixth embodiment of the present invention relates to a sensor noise floor detecting device, and a sixth embodiment is refinement based on the fourth embodiment, and the main refinement is that, as shown in FIG. 5, a sensor book is provided.
  • the specific hardware circuit of the bottom noise detecting device is provided.
  • the determination unit 1 includes a comparison circuit 15, a first adder 11, a subtractor 12, a first register 13, and a second register 14.
  • the first adder 11 is configured to calculate the sum of the last noise floor sample value and half of the noise floor channel width as the upper boundary value of the noise floor allowable range.
  • the subtracter 12 is configured to calculate a difference between the last noise floor sample value and a half of the noise floor channel width as a lower boundary value of the noise floor allowable range.
  • the first register 13 is used to store half of the width of the noise floor.
  • the second register 14 is configured to store the last noise sample value.
  • the comparison circuit 15 is configured to determine whether the sampled value belongs to the noise floor allowable range.
  • the comparison circuit 15 includes a first comparator 151, a second comparator 152, and an AND gate 153.
  • the non-inverting input terminal of the first comparator 151, the inverting input terminal of the second comparator 152, the inverting input terminal of the first comparator 151 and the non-inverting input terminal of the second comparator 152 are respectively compared.
  • Three inputs of the circuit 15; three inputs of the comparison circuit 15 are respectively connected to the output of the first adder 11, the output of the subtractor 12, and the sensor 4; the first comparator 151 and the second comparator 152
  • the outputs are respectively connected to the two inputs of the AND gate 153.
  • the circuit form of the other comparison circuit 15 can also be designed in practice, and this embodiment is merely an exemplary illustration.
  • the two input ends of the first adder 11 are respectively connected to a first register 13 and a second register 14; the two input terminals of the subtractor 12 are respectively connected to another first register 13 and the second register 14;
  • the three input terminals of the comparison circuit 15 are connected to the output of the first adder 11, the output of the subtractor 12, and the sensor 4.
  • the selection unit 2 includes a selector 21.
  • the selector 16 is configured to select the sampled value as the current noise sample value when the sampled value belongs to the noise floor allowable range, and output to the calculation unit 3 through the second register 14.
  • control end of the selector 16 is connected to the output end of the comparison circuit 15 (ie, the output end of the AND gate 153 in FIG. 5), and the first input end of the selector 16 is connected to the sensor 4, and the selector 16 is The two inputs are coupled to the output of the second register 14, and the output of the selector 16 is coupled to the input of the second register 14.
  • the circuit corresponding to the above determining unit 1 and the selecting unit 2 can be understood as a channel filter.
  • the first comparator 151 and the second comparator 152 are compared, and when the sampled value is within the noise floor allowable range, the first comparator 151 and the second comparator 152 respectively outputs a high level, and the AND gate 53 takes the output results of the first comparator 151 and the second comparator 152 into a calculation and outputs a high level.
  • the selector 16 selects the sample value supplied from the sensor 4 as the current time.
  • the noise floor sample value is output to the calculation unit 3.
  • the selector 16 selects the last noise sample value held by the second register 14 as the current noise sample value to be output to the calculation unit. 3.
  • the calculation unit 3 includes a first multiplier 31, a second multiplier 31, a third register 33, a fourth register 34, a fifth register 35, and a second adder 36.
  • the first multiplier 31 is configured to calculate a product of the weight of the last noise floor corresponding to the previous noise floor.
  • the second multiplier 32 is configured to calculate a product of the weight value of the current noise sample value corresponding to the current noise sample value.
  • the first multiplier 31 and the second multiplier 32 may also be a first divider and a second divider.
  • the first multiplier 31 is the first divider, the quotient for calculating the reciprocal of the weight of the last background noise corresponding to the previous noise floor.
  • the second multiplier 32 is used, it is used to calculate the quotient of the reciprocal of the weight corresponding to the current noise sample value and the current noise sample value.
  • the third register 33 is configured to store the weight corresponding to the last noise floor.
  • the fourth register 34 is configured to store the weight corresponding to the noise sample value of the current time.
  • the fifth register 35 is used to store the noise floor.
  • the second adder 36 is configured to calculate a sum of a product of the output of the first multiplier 31 and a product output by the second multiplier 32 as the current noise floor; and output the noise floor to the fifth register.
  • the third register 33 and the fourth register 34 may be disposed in the computing unit 3 to freely configure the weights.
  • the actual value is not limited thereto, and the weights may be separately written into the first multiplication method.
  • the device 31 and the second multiplier 32 (but this method cannot flexibly rewrite the weight).
  • the two input ends of the first multiplier 31 are respectively connected to the fifth register 35 and the third register 33; one input end 321 of the second multiplier 32 is connected to the output end of the second register 14, and the other The input fourth register 34; the two inputs of the second adder 36 are connected to the output of the first multiplier 31 and the second multiplier 32, respectively, and the output of the second adder 36 is connected to the fifth register 35.
  • the circuit corresponding to the above computing unit 3 can be understood as a moving average accumulator for weighting and accumulating the channel filter output result; that is, the second adder 35 will use the first multiplier 31.
  • the values output by the second multipliers 32 are respectively accumulated. After the channel filter detects the new output value, the moving average accumulator is added again.
  • the present embodiment provides a specific hardware circuit of the sensor noise floor detecting device with respect to the fourth embodiment. Compared with the prior art, the circuit reduces the scale, simplifies the circuit structure, and reduces the power consumption of the device.
  • the present embodiment is an apparatus embodiment corresponding to the first embodiment, and the present embodiment can be implemented in cooperation with the first embodiment.
  • the related technical details mentioned in the first embodiment are still effective in the present embodiment, and are not described herein again in order to reduce repetition. Accordingly, the related art details mentioned in the present embodiment can also be applied to the first embodiment.
  • each module involved in this embodiment is a logic module.
  • a logical unit may be a physical unit, a part of a physical unit, or multiple physical entities. A combination of units is implemented.
  • the present embodiment does not introduce a unit that is not closely related to solving the technical problem proposed by the present invention, but this does not mean that there are no other units in the present embodiment.
  • a program instructing associated hardware the program being stored in a storage medium, including instructions for causing a device (which may be a microcontroller, chip, etc.) or a processor to perform the various embodiments of the present application. All or part of the steps of the method.
  • the foregoing storage medium includes: a U disk, a mobile hard disk, a read-only memory (ROM), a random access memory (RAM), a magnetic disk, or an optical disk, and the like. .

Abstract

一种传感器本底噪声的检测方法及其装置。传感器本底噪声的检测方法包括：接收传感器输出的采样值，并判断所述采样值是否属于本底噪声允许范围（301）；当所述采样值属于所述本底噪声允许范围时，选定所述采样值作为本次本底噪声采样值（302）；根据所述传感器的上次本底噪声与所述本次本底噪声采样值，计算所述传感器的本次本底噪声（303）。一种传感器本底噪声的检测装置，能够动态的检测传感器的本底噪声，使得传感器随环境变化的变化值能够更新到本底噪声中，提高了有效输出采样值的准确性。

Description

传感器本底噪声的检测方法及其装置 技术领域
本发明实施例涉及电子技术领域，特别涉及一种传感器本底噪声的检测方法及其装置。
背景技术
随着传感器技术的不断发展，传感器普遍应用于各个行业，并且各种新型的传感器不断问世，为人们获取外界信息提供了方便。其中，传感器依靠自身的某种物理特性，将一种信号转换为另外一种信号。
通常，传感器的输出量可以分为两部分的叠加。其中一部分输出分量随有效输入量的变化而变化，这部分输出分量能够反映有效输入量的变化。另外一部分输出分量称为传感器的本底噪声，其不随有效输入量的变化而变化，即使当有效输入量为零时，输出分量并不为零(即本底噪声不为零)，且本底噪声会因为温度、湿度、传感器本身材料疲劳等环境因素的变化而变化。通常，现有技术中，采取归零法测量传感器的本底噪声；即，将在有效输入量为零的情况下测得的值作为本底噪声。
然而，以归零法测量传感器的本底噪声，适用于工作期间环境相对很固定且能够控制输入的传感器。当传感器在一个经常缓慢变化(或者快速变化)的环境下工作时，就需要对传感器不停的校准，以去除本底噪声的影响；显然，归零法很难应用于这样工作环境下的传感器。例如手机中的各种传感器，无法隔绝外部的输入量来进行校准，且这些传感器需要连续工作，更加难以应用归零法测量传感器的本底噪声。
发明内容
本发明实施方式的目的在于提供一种传感器本底噪声的检测方法及其装置，能够动态的检测传感器的本底噪声，使得传感器随环境变化的变化值能够更新到本底噪声中，从而能够提高传感器检测有效信号的准确性。
为解决上述技术问题，本发明的实施方式提供了一种传感器本底噪声的检测方法，包括：接收传感器输出的采样值，并判断所述采样值是否属于本底噪声允许范围；当所述采样值属于所述本底噪声允许范围时，选定所述采样值作为本次本底噪声采样值；根据所述传感器的上次本底噪声与所述本次本底噪声采样值，计算所述传感器的本次本底噪声。
本发明的实施方式还提供了一种传感器本底噪声的检测装置，包括：判断单元，用于接收传感器输出的采样值，并判断所述采样值是否属于本底噪声允许范围；选择单元，用于在所述采样值属于所述本底噪声允许范围时，选定所述采样值作为本次本底噪声采样值；计算单元，用于根据所述传感器的上次本底噪声与所述本次本底噪声采样值，计算所述传感器的本次本底噪声。
本发明实施方式相对于现有技术而言，提供了一种传感器本底噪声的检测方法。当判断出传感器输出的采样值属于本底噪声允许范围时，则根据该采样值与上次本底噪声，计算出传感器的本次本底噪声；即，本实施例的检测方法能够在传感器的本底噪声随环境变化而变化时进行跟踪检测，从而将传感器随环境变化的变化值更新至本底噪声中，提高了当前本底噪声的准确性，进而提高了传感器输出有效采样值的准确性。
另外，在根据所述传感器的上次本底噪声与所述本次本底噪声采样值，计算所述传感器的本次本底噪声中，所述本次本底噪声的计算公式为：Base0＝Base1/N1+Input0/N2，1/N1+1/N2＝1；其中，Base0表示所述本次本底噪声，Base1表示所述上次本底噪声，Input0表示所述本次本底噪声采样值，1/N1 表示所述上次本底噪声对应的权值，1/N2表示所述本次本底噪声采样值对应的权值。本实施例中，提供了计算本次本底噪声的公式，能够按照一定的权值将传感器随环境变化的变化值更新到本底噪声中，使得检测到的本底噪声为当前最新值。
另外，本底噪声允许范围的上边界值为所述上次本底噪声采样值与预设的本底噪声通道宽度的一半之和，所述本底噪声允许范围的下边界值为所述上次本底噪声采样值与所述本底噪声通道宽度的一半之差。本实施例中，提供了本底噪声允许范围的一种设定方式。
另外，本底噪声通道宽度的计算公式为：W＝2*(a+nσ)；其中，W为所述本底噪声通道宽度，a为两次采样之间的环境变化极限速度，σ表示本底噪声的正态分布，n为符合安全边际需求的自然数。本实施例中，提供了本底噪声通道宽度的一种计算方式。
另外，传感器本底噪声的检测方法还包括：当所述采样值不属于所述本底噪声允许范围时，选定所述上次本底噪声采样值作为所述本次本底噪声采样值。本实施例中，提供了当采样值不属于本底噪声允许范围时的具体实现方式。
附图说明
本专利申请的一个或多个实施例通过与之对应的附图中的图片进行示例性说明，这些示例性说明并不构成对实施例的限定，附图中具有相同参考数字标号的元件表示为类似的元件，除非有特别申明，附图中的图不构成比例限制。
图1是根据第一实施方式的传感器本底噪声的检测方法的具体流程图；
图2是根据第一实施方式的传感器本底噪声的检测方法的原理示意图；
图3是根据第三实施方式的传感器本底噪声的检测方法的具体流程图；
图4是根据第四实施方式的传感器本底噪声的检测装置的方框示意图；
图5是根据第六实施方式中判断单元与选择单元的电路示意图；
图6是根据第六实施方式中计算单元的电路示意图。
具体实施方式
为使本发明实施例的目的、技术方案和优点更加清楚，下面将结合附图对本发明的各实施方式进行详细的阐述。然而，本领域的普通技术人员可以理解，在本发明各实施方式中，为了使读者更好地理解本申请而提出了许多技术细节。但是，即使没有这些技术细节和基于以下各实施方式的种种变化和修改，也可以实现本申请所要求保护的技术方案。
本发明的第一实施方式涉及一种传感器本底噪声的检测方法，应用于传感器。具体流程如图1所示，包括：
步骤101，接收传感器输出的采样值，并判断采样值是否属于本底噪声允许范围；若是，进入步骤102，否则直接结束。
本实施方式中，传感器输出的采样值，即作为检测传感器本底噪声的输入的采样值；当传感器中无有效输入信号时，传感器就输出本底噪声。
本实施方式中，本底噪声允许范围的上边界值为上次本底噪声采样值与预设的本底噪声通道宽度的一半之和，本底噪声允许范围的下边界值为上次本底噪声采样值与本底噪声通道宽度的一半之差。
其中，本底噪声通道宽度的计算公式为：W＝2*(a+nσ)；其中，W为本底噪声通道宽度，a为两次采样之间的环境变化极限速度，σ表示本底噪声的正态分布方差(传感器中输入的采样信号本身的噪声和传感器转换过程中引入的噪声最终都会反映在σ上)，n为符合安全边际需求的自然数。从而， 本实施例可以根据上述公式预设本底噪声通道宽度，预设的本底噪声通道宽度的大小可以根据传感器的工作环境具体设置，本实施方式对此不作任何限制。
示例的，如图2所示，当输入的采样值大于或等于下边界值且小于或等于上边界值时，则可以判断出采样值属于本底噪声允许范围；若采样值小于下边界值或者大于上边界值时，则可以判断出采样值不属于本底噪声允许范围；例如在阶段A中，输入的采样值小于下边界值，显然，此时的采样值不属于本底噪声允许范围。
步骤102，选定采样值作为本次本底噪声采样值。
本实施方式中，当采样值属于本底噪声允许范围时；即，表示该采样值在本底噪声允许范围内波动，将该采样值作为本次本底噪声采样值，用于更新传感器的本次本底噪声。
步骤103，根据传感器的上次本底噪声与本次本底噪声采样值，计算传感器的本次本底噪声。
本实施方式中，可以预设采样周期，使得传感器可以周期性的自动输出采样值，从而以预设采样周期对本底噪声进行检测。预设周期可以根据传感器的实际工作情况设定，本实施方式对此不作任何限制。
其中，上次本底噪声即为上个周期检测到的传感器的本底噪声。本实施例中，用户可以根据实际需要，预设本次本底噪声与上次本底噪声、本次本底噪声采样值的关系，从而计算出本次本底噪声。
本实施方式相对于第一实施方式而言，当判断出传感器输出的采样值属于本底噪声允许范围时，则根据该采样值与上次本底噪声，计算出传感器的本次本底噪声；即，本实施例的检测方法能够在传感器的本底噪声随环境变化而变化时进行跟踪检测，提高了当前本底噪声的准确性，进而提高了传感器输出有效采样值的准确性。并且，本实施例能够周期性的对传感器输出的 采样值进行检测，即，能够在传感器正常工作期间间歇性的找到合适的时间点更新本底噪声，避免影响传感器的正常工作。
上面各种方法的步骤划分，只是为了描述清楚，实现时可以合并为一个步骤或者对某些步骤进行拆分，分解为多个步骤，只要包括相同的逻辑关系，都在本专利的保护范围内；对算法中或者流程中添加无关紧要的修改或者引入无关紧要的设计，但不改变其算法和流程的核心设计都在该专利的保护范围内。
本发明的第二实施方式涉及一种传感器本底噪声的检测方法，第二实施方式在第一实施方式的基础上的细化，主要细化之处在于：在本发明第二实施方式中，在根据传感器的上次本底噪声与本次本底噪声采样值，计算传感器的本次本底噪声的步骤中，以当前的输入与以前的输入值之间按照不同的权值进行累加得到本次本底噪声。
本实施方式中，提供的本次本底噪声的计算公式为：Base0＝Base1/N1+Input0/N2(1)，1/N1+1/N2＝1。其中，Base0表示本次本底噪声，Base1表示上次本底噪声；Input0表示本次本底噪声采样值；1/N1表示上次本底噪声对应的权值，1/N2表示本次本底噪声采样值对应的权值。
需要说明的是，本实施方式中权值1/N1与1/N2的大小与传感器工作的环境、传感器的类型以及实际需求有关，可根据实际情况具体设定，本实施方式对此不作任何限制。
具体的，对计算公式(1)中的Base1进行再一次展开可以得到本次本底噪声的表达式：
Base0＝(Base2/N1+Input1/N2)/N1+Input0/N2      (2)
对表达式(2)中的Base2进行再一次展开可以得到本次本底噪声的表达式：
Base0＝((Base3/N1+Input2/N2)/N1+Input1/N2)/N1+Input0/N2    (3)
将表达式(3)整理为：
Base0＝Base3/(N1*N1*N1)+Input2/(N2*N1*N1)+Input1/(N2*N1)/N1+Input0/N2(4)
以此类推，显然，从表达式(4)中可以看出，本次本底噪声为当前的输入值Input0与以前的输入值(Input1、Input2......InputN-1，N为大于2的整数)之间按照不同的权值进行的累加和。
本实施方式相对有第一实施方式而言，提供了本次本底噪声的一种计算方式，即，将传感器的本次本底噪声采样值与上次本底噪声按照一定的权值分布进行平均，从而将传感器随环境变化的变化值更新至本底噪声中，使得检测到的本底噪声为当前最新值。
本发明的第三实施方式涉及一种传感器本底噪声的检测方法，第三实施方式在第一实施方式的基础上作出改进，主要改进之处在于：在本发明第三实施方式中，如图3所示，当判断出采样值不属于本底噪声允许范围时，选定上次本底噪声采样值作为本次本底噪声采样值。
本实施方式中的步骤301至303与第一实施方式中的步骤101至103对应相同，在此不再赘述，本实施方式中新增了步骤304，本实施方式的传感器本底噪声的检测方法如图3所示，具体说明如下：
步骤304，选定上次本底噪声采样值作为本次本底噪声采样值。
本实施方式相对于第一实施方式而言，当采样值不属于本底噪声允许范围时，则直接选定上次的本地噪声采样值作为本次本底噪声采样值，无需再次进行判断，当本实施例的传感器本底噪声的检测方法应用于软件时，则减少了工作量，节省了功耗。
本发明第四实施方式涉及一种传感器本底噪声的检测装置，如图4所示，传感器本底噪声的检测装置包括：判断单元1、选择单元2以及计算单元3。
判断单元1用于接收传感器输出的采样值，并判断采样值是否属于本底噪声允许范围。
选择单元2用于在采样值属于本底噪声允许范围时，选定采样值作为本次本底噪声采样值。
本实施方式中，本底噪声允许范围的上边界值为所述上次本底噪声采样值与预设的本底噪声通道宽度的一半之和，所述本底噪声允许范围的下边界值为所述上次本底噪声采样值与所述本底噪声通道宽度的一半之差。
其中，本底噪声通道宽度的计算公式为：W＝2*(a+nσ)；其中，W表示所述本底噪声通道宽度，a表示所述传感器两次采样之间的环境变化极限速度，σ表示本底噪声的正态分布，n表示符合安全边际需求的自然数。
计算单元3用于根据传感器的上次本底噪声与本次本底噪声采样值，计算传感器的本次本底噪声。
实际上，本实施例中，可以由一个处理器实现判断单元1、选择单元2以及计算单元3所实现的功能，在实际应用中，可根据实际情况设置选择，本实施例不作任何限制。
本实施方式相对于现有技术而言，提供了一种传感器本底噪声的检测装置，能够应用本发明实施例提供的传感器本底噪声的检测方法。
不难发现，本实施方式为与第一实施方式相对应的装置实施例，本实施方式可与第一实施方式互相配合实施。第一实施方式中提到的相关技术细节在本实施方式中依然有效，为了减少重复，这里不再赘述。相应地，本实施方式中提到的相关技术细节也可应用在第一实施方式中。
本发明第五实施方式涉及一种传感器本底噪声的检测装置，第五实施方式在第四实施方式的基础上的细化，主要细化之处在于：提供了本次本底噪声的一种计算方式。
本实施方式中，计算单元根据上次本底噪声与本次本底噪声采样值计算本次本底噪声中，本次本底噪声的计算公式为:Base0＝Base1/N1+Input0/N2，1/N1+1/N2＝1；其中，Base0表示本次本底噪声，Base1表示上次本底噪声，Input0表示本次本底噪声采样值，1/N1和1/N2分别表示上次本底噪声与本次本底噪声采样值对应的权值。即，本实施例提供的计算方式能够按照一定的权值将传感器随环境变化的变化值更新到本底噪声中，使得检测到的本底噪声为当前最新本底值。
本实施方式相对于第四实施方式而言，提供了本次本底噪声的一种计算方式，并且该种计算方式将传感器的本次本底噪声采样值、以前的本底噪声采样值与以前的本底噪声值按照一定的权值分布进行平均，在将传感器随环境变化的变化值更新至本底噪声中的同时，具有一定的平滑滤波功能，对系统噪声做了平滑处理，使得检测出的本底噪声更加准确。
不难发现，本实施方式为与第二实施方式相对应的装置实施例，本实施方式可与第二实施方式互相配合实施。第二实施方式中提到的相关技术细节在本实施方式中依然有效，为了减少重复，这里不再赘述。相应地，本实施方式中提到的相关技术细节也可应用在第二实施方式中。
本发明第六实施方式涉及一种传感器本底噪声的检测装置，第六实施方式在第四实施方式的基础上的细化，主要细化之处在于：如图5所示，提供了传感器本底噪声的检测装置的具体硬件电路。
本实施方式中，判断单元1包括：比较电路15、第一加法器11、减法器12、第一寄存器13、以及第二寄存器14。
第一加法器11，用于计算上次本底噪声采样值与本底噪声通道宽度的一半之和作为本底噪声允许范围的上边界值。
减法器12，用于计算上次本底噪声采样值与本底噪声通道宽度的一半之差作为本底噪声允许范围的下边界值。
第一寄存器13，用于储存本底噪声通道宽度的一半。本实施例中，可以只存在一个第一寄存器13，即供第一加法器11与第一寄存器13共用；也可以存在两个独立的第一寄存器13(如图5所示)，分别连接第一加法器11与第一寄存器13。
第二寄存器14，用于储存上次本底噪声采样值。
比较电路15，用于判断采样值是否属于本底噪声允许范围。
示例的，如图5所示，比较电路15包括第一比较器151、第二比较器152和与门153。其中，第一比较器151的正相输入端、第二比较器152的反相输入端、第一比较器151的反相输入端与第二比较器152的正相输入端的连接处分别形成比较电路15的三个输入端；比较电路15的三个输入端分别连接于第一加法器11的输出端、减法器12的输出端以及传感器4；第一比较器151与第二比较器152的输出端分别连接于与门153的两个输入端。然实际中不限于此，还可以设计其他的比较电路15的电路形式，本实施例只是示例性说明。
本实施方式中，第一加法器11的两个输入端分别连接一个第一寄存器13与第二寄存器14；减法器12的两个输入端分别连接另一个第一寄存器13与第二寄存器14；比较电路15的三个输入端连接于第一加法器11的输出端、减法器12的输出端以及传感器4。
本实施方式中，选择单元2包括选择器21。
选择器16，用于在采样值属于本底噪声允许范围时，选定采样值作为本次本底噪声采样值，并通过第二寄存器14输出至计算单元3。
本实施方式中，选择器16的控制端连接比较电路15的输出端(即图5中，与门153的输出端)，选择器16的第一输入端连接于传感器4，选择器16的第二输入端连接于第二寄存器14的输出端，选择器16的输出端连接于第二寄存器14的输入端。
本实施方式中，上面的判断单元1与选择单元2对应的电路，实际上可以理解为一个通道滤波器。示例的，当接收到传感器4输出的采样值时，第一比较器151和第二比较器152经过比较，当采样值在本底噪声允许范围内时，第一比较器151和第二比较器152分别输出高电平，与门53将第一比较器151和第二比较器152的输出结果取与计算并输出高电平，此时，选择器16选择传感器4提供的采样值作为本次本底噪声采样值输出至计算单元3。当采样值在本底噪声允许范围之外时，与门153输出低电平时，选择器16选择第二寄存器14保存的上一次本底噪声采样值作为本次本底噪声采样值输出至计算单元3。
本实施方式中，如图6所示，计算单元3包括：第一乘法器31、第二乘法器31、第三寄存器33、第四寄存器34、第五寄存器35以及第二加法器36。
第一乘法器31，用于计算上次本底噪声与上次本底噪声对应的权值的乘积。
第二乘法器32，用于计算本次本底噪声采样值与本次本底噪声采样值对应的权值的乘积。
本实施例中，第一乘法器31与第二乘法器32也可以为第一除法器与第二除法器。当第一乘法器31为第一除法器时，用于计算上次本底噪声与上次本底噪声对应的权值的倒数的商。当第二乘法器32时，用于计算本次本底噪声采样值与本次本底噪声采样值对应的权值的倒数的商。
第三寄存器33，用于储存上次本底噪声对应的权值。
第四寄存器34，用于储存本次本底噪声采样值对应的权值。
第五寄存器35，用于储存本次本底噪声。
第二加法器36，用于计算第一乘法器31输出的乘积与第二乘法器32输出的乘积之和作为本次本底噪声；并将本次本底噪声输出至第五寄存器。
需要说明的，本实施例中，在计算单元3中可以设置第三寄存器33以及第四寄存器34，以自由配置权值，然实际中不限于此，也可以将权值分别写入第一乘法器31以及第二乘法器32(但这种方式无法灵活改写权值)。
本实施方式中，第一乘法器31的两个输入端分别连接于第五寄存器35与第三寄存器33；第二乘法器32的一个输入端321连接于第二寄存器14的输出端，另一个输入端第四寄存器34；第二加法器36的两个输入端分别连接于第一乘法器31与第二乘法器32的输出端，第二加法器36的输出端连接于第五寄存器35。
本实施方式中，上面的计算单元3对应的电路，实际上可以理解为一个移动平均累加器，用于将通道滤波器输出结果进行加权累加；即，第二加法器35将第一乘法器31、第二乘法器32分别输出的值进行累加，当通道滤波器检测到新的输出值后，移动平均累加器再进行累加一次
本实施方式相对于第四实施方式而言，提供了传感器本底噪声的检测装置的一种具体硬件电路。相对于现有技术而言，本电路减小了规模，简化了电路结构，降低了装置的功耗。
不难发现，本实施方式为与第一实施方式相对应的装置实施例，本实施方式可与第一实施方式互相配合实施。第一实施方式中提到的相关技术细节在本实施方式中依然有效，为了减少重复，这里不再赘述。相应地，本实施方式中提到的相关技术细节也可应用在第一实施方式中。
值得一提的是，本实施方式中所涉及到的各模块均为逻辑模块，在实际应用中，一个逻辑单元可以是一个物理单元，也可以是一个物理单元的一部分，还可以以多个物理单元的组合实现。此外，为了突出本发明的创新部分，本实施方式中并没有将与解决本发明所提出的技术问题关系不太密切的单元引入，但这并不表明本实施方式中不存在其它的单元。
本领域技术人员可以理解实现上述实施例方法中的全部或部分步骤是 可以通过程序来指令相关的硬件来完成，该程序存储在一个存储介质中，包括若干指令用以使得一个设备(可以是单片机，芯片等)或处理器(processor)执行本申请各个实施例所述方法的全部或部分步骤。而前述的存储介质包括：U盘、移动硬盘、只读存储器(ROM，Read-Only Memory)、随机存取存储器(RAM，Random Access Memory)、磁碟或者光盘等各种可以存储程序代码的介质。
本领域的普通技术人员可以理解，上述各实施方式是实现本发明的具体实施例，而在实际应用中，可以在形式上和细节上对其作各种改变，而不偏离本发明的精神和范围。

Claims (12)

  1. 一种传感器本底噪声的检测方法，其特征在于，包括：
    接收传感器输出的采样值，并判断所述采样值是否属于本底噪声允许范围；
    当所述采样值属于所述本底噪声允许范围时，选定所述采样值作为本次本底噪声采样值；
    根据所述传感器的上次本底噪声与所述本次本底噪声采样值，计算所述传感器的本次本底噪声。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的传感器本底噪声的检测方法，其特征在于，在根据所述传感器的上次本底噪声与所述本次本底噪声采样值，计算所述传感器的本次本底噪声中，所述本次本底噪声的计算公式为：
    Base0＝Base1/N1+Input0/N2，1/N1+1/N2＝1；
    其中，Base0表示所述本次本底噪声，Base1表示所述上次本底噪声，Input0表示所述本次本底噪声采样值，1/N1表示所述上次本底噪声对应的权值，1/N2表示所述本次本底噪声采样值对应的权值。
  3. 根据权利要求1所述的传感器本底噪声的检测方法，其特征在于，所述本底噪声允许范围的上边界值为上次本底噪声采样值与预设的本底噪声通道宽度的一半之和，所述本底噪声允许范围的下边界值为所述上次本底噪声采样值与所述本底噪声通道宽度的一半之差。
  4. 根据权利要求3所述的传感器本底噪声的检测方法，其特征在于，所述本底噪声通道宽度的计算公式为：
    W＝2*(a+nσ)；
    其中，W为所述本底噪声通道宽度，a为两次采样之间的环境变化极限 速度，σ表示本底噪声的正态分布方差，n为符合安全边际需求的自然数。
  5. 根据权利要求1所述的传感器本底噪声的检测方法，其特征在于，所述传感器本底噪声的检测方法还包括：
    当所述采样值不属于所述本底噪声允许范围时，选定所述上次本底噪声采样值作为所述本次本底噪声采样值。
  6. 一种传感器本底噪声的检测装置，其特征在于，包括：
    判断单元，用于接收传感器输出的采样值，并判断所述采样值是否属于本底噪声允许范围；
    选择单元，用于在所述采样值属于所述本底噪声允许范围时，选定所述采样值作为本次本底噪声采样值；
    计算单元，用于根据所述传感器的上次本底噪声与所述本次本底噪声采样值，计算所述传感器的本次本底噪声。
  7. 根据权利要求6所述的传感器本底噪声的检测装置，其特征在于，所述判断单元包括：第一加法器、减法器、用于储存本底噪声通道宽度的一半的第一寄存器、比较电路以及用于储存上次本底噪声采样值的第二寄存器；
    所述第一加法器的两个输入端分别连接所述第一寄存器与所述第二寄存器；所述第一加法器用于计算所述上次本底噪声采样值与所述本底噪声通道宽度的一半之和作为所述本底噪声允许范围的上边界值；
    所述减法器的两个输入端分别连接所述第一寄存器与所述第二寄存器；所述减法器用于计算所述上次本底噪声采样值与所述本底噪声通道宽度的一半之差作为所述本底噪声允许范围的下边界值；
    所述比较电路的三个输入端连接于所述第一加法器的输出端、所述减法器的输出端以及所述传感器；所述比较电路用于判断所述采样值是否属于本 底噪声允许范围。
  8. 根据权利要求7所述的传感器本底噪声的检测装置，其特征在于，所述选择单元包括选择器；
    所述选择器的控制端连接所述比较电路的输出端，所述选择器的第一输入端连接于所述传感器，所述选择器的第二输入端连接于所述第二寄存器的输出端，所述选择器的输出端连接于所述第二寄存器的输入端；所述选择器用于在所述采样值属于所述本底噪声允许范围时，选定所述采样值作为所述本次本底噪声采样值，并通过所述第二寄存器输出至所述计算单元。
  9. 根据权利要求8所述的传感器本底噪声的检测装置，其特征在于，所述计算单元包括：第一乘法器、第二乘法器、用于储存所述上次本底噪声对应的权值的第三寄存器、用于储存所述本次本底噪声采样值对应的权值的第四寄存器、第二加法器以及用于储存本次本底噪声的第五寄存器；
    所述第一乘法器的两个输入端分别连接于所述第五寄存器与所述第三寄存器；所述第一乘法器用于计算所述上次本底噪声与所述上次本底噪声对应的权值的乘积；
    所述第二乘法器的两个输入端分别连接于所述第二寄存器的输出端与所述第四寄存器；所述第二乘法器用于计算所述本次本底噪声采样值与所述本次本底噪声采样值对应的权值的乘积；
    所述第二加法器的两个输入端分别连接于所述第一乘法器与所述第五乘法器的输出端，所述第二加法器的输出端连接于所述第五寄存器；所述第二加法器用于计算所述第一乘法器输出的乘积与所述第五乘法器输出的乘积之和作为所述本次本底噪声，并将所述本次本底噪声输出至所述第五寄存器。
  10. 根据权利要求6所述的传感器本底噪声的检测装置，其特征在于，所述计算单元根据所述上次本底噪声与所述本次本底噪声采样值计算所述 本次本底噪声中，所述本次本底噪声的计算公式为：
    Base0＝Base1/N1+Input0/N2，1/N1+1/N2＝1；
    其中，Base0表示所述本次本底噪声，Base1表示所述上次本底噪声，Input0表示所述本次本底噪声采样值，1/N1和1/N2分别表示所述上次本底噪声与所述本次本底噪声采样值对应的权值。
  11. 根据权利要求6所述的传感器本底噪声的检测装置，其特征在于，所述本底噪声允许范围的上边界值为所述上次本底噪声采样值与预设的本底噪声通道宽度的一半之和，所述本底噪声允许范围的下边界值为所述上次本底噪声采样值与所述本底噪声通道宽度的一半之差。
  12. 根据权利要求11所述的传感器本底噪声的检测装置，其特征在于，所述本底噪声通道宽度的计算公式为：
    W＝2*(a+nσ)；
    其中，W表示所述本底噪声通道宽度，a表示所述传感器两次采样之间的环境变化极限速度，σ表示本底噪声的正态分布方差，n表示符合安全边际需求的自然数。
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