WO2018079102A1

WO2018079102A1 - Electrostatic spray device, flight vehicle and electrostatic spray method

Info

Publication number: WO2018079102A1
Application number: PCT/JP2017/032733
Authority: WO
Inventors: 慎二八塚; 紀幸亀井
Original assignee: 有光工業株式会社
Priority date: 2016-10-28
Filing date: 2017-09-12
Publication date: 2018-05-03
Also published as: JP2018069157A

Abstract

Provided are: an electrostatic spray device which is capable of performing a stable spraying operation, thereby being able to have a chemical solution evenly adhere to crops; a flight vehicle; and an electrostatic spray method. An electrostatic spray device (1) according to one embodiment of the present invention, which sprays a charged liquid, is provided with: a plurality of spray nozzles (21) that spray a liquid; one charging part (22) that is positively charged and is arranged around one spray nozzle (21) so as to negatively charge the liquid sprayed from the one spray nozzle (21); another charging part (22) that is negatively charged and is arranged around another spray nozzle (21) so as to positively charge the liquid sprayed from the another spray nozzle (21); and a power supply part (15) that charges the one charging part (22) and the another charging part (22).

Description

Electrostatic spray device, flying object, and electrostatic spray method

The present invention relates to an electrostatic spraying device for spraying a charged liquid, a flying object, and an electrostatic spraying method.

Conventionally, an electrostatic spraying device is used to spray a chemical (liquid) on a field (see, for example, Patent Document 1).
This electrostatic spraying device includes a spray nozzle that sprays a chemical solution, an electrode (charging unit) disposed around the spray nozzle, and a power supply unit that applies a high voltage to the electrode. The chemical liquid sprayed from the spray nozzle is charged to a polarity opposite to the polarity of the voltage applied to the electrode. The charged chemical solution is sprayed toward the field and adheres evenly to the crops planted in the field due to the electrostatic effect.

JP 2008-194673 A

In order for the electrostatic spraying apparatus as described above to perform a stable spraying operation, the power supply unit must be grounded. The power supply unit is grounded by connecting the ground terminal of the power supply unit and the field via a ground wire.
However, for example, when an electrostatic spraying device is carried on the back of an operator or mounted on a flying object and sprays a chemical while moving, the power supply unit may not be grounded to the field. In addition, even when the electrostatic spraying device sprays a chemical on a field covered with an insulating sheet (a field with a so-called mulch), the power supply unit may not be grounded to the field.

On the other hand, in the case of a crop that is not grounded, such as a pot-cultivated crop, the chemical having the same polarity as the polarity of the chemical accumulates in the crop due to the chemical that has adhered to the crop. Then, since an electrostatic effect is impaired, a chemical | medical solution cannot be made to adhere to a crop uniformly.

The present invention has been made in view of such circumstances, and a main object thereof is an electrostatic spraying device, a flying body, which can perform a stable spraying operation and can evenly apply a liquid to a crop, and It is to provide an electrostatic spraying method.

The electrostatic spraying device according to the present embodiment is an electrostatic spraying device that sprays a charged liquid, and is arranged around a plurality of spray nozzles that spray the liquid and one spray nozzle, and is positively charged. One charging unit for negatively charging the liquid sprayed from one spray nozzle and the periphery of the other spray nozzle, which is negatively charged, and the liquid sprayed from the other spray nozzle is made positive It comprises another charging unit for charging, and a power supply unit for charging the one charging unit and the other charging unit.

In the electrostatic spraying apparatus according to the present embodiment, the power supply unit has a positive power supply device in which an output terminal that outputs a positive voltage is connected to the one charging unit, and a ground terminal is connected to the other charging unit, And an output terminal that outputs a negative voltage is connected to the other charging unit, and a ground terminal is one of the negative power supply devices connected to the one charging unit.

In the electrostatic spraying device according to the present embodiment, the power supply unit includes a positive power supply device in which an output terminal that outputs a positive voltage is connected to the one charging unit, and an output terminal that outputs a negative voltage is the other A negative power supply device connected to the charging unit is provided, and ground terminals of the positive power supply device and the negative power supply device are connected to each other.

The electrostatic spraying device according to the present embodiment is characterized in that an absolute value of a positive voltage applied to the one charging unit is equal to an absolute value of a negative voltage applied to the other charging unit.

The flying body according to the present embodiment includes the electrostatic spraying device according to the present embodiment.

The electrostatic spraying method according to the present embodiment is an electrostatic spraying method in which a charged liquid is sprayed. The electrostatic spraying device sprays a positively charged liquid and a negatively charged liquid. The liquid and the negatively charged liquid are sprayed toward different positions in the same field.

In the present embodiment, liquid is sprayed from one spray nozzle and another spray nozzle toward different positions in the same field.
One charging unit arranged around one spray nozzle is positively charged by the power supply unit. Therefore, the liquid sprayed from one spray nozzle is negatively charged. On the other hand, other charging units arranged around other spray nozzles are negatively charged by the power supply unit. Therefore, the liquid sprayed from the other spray nozzles is positively charged.
By spraying from the spray nozzle, a positively charged liquid adheres to one crop planted in the same field, and a negatively charged liquid adheres to another crop. This is equivalent to a negative charge moving from one charged portion to another crop and a positive charge moving from another charged portion to one crop.

As a result, in the electric circuit formed in the electrostatic spraying device, positive charge moves from another charging unit to one charging unit. At the same time, a positive charge moves from another charged part to one crop, a positive charge moves from one crop through the field to the other crop, and a positive charge moves from the other crop to the one charged part. As a result, a virtual electric circuit is generated.
Therefore, even if the grounding of the power supply unit is omitted, the electrostatic spraying apparatus can perform a stable spraying operation.
In addition, since charges are exchanged between crops charged to different polarities, there is no possibility that charges having the same polarity as the polarity of the liquid will accumulate in each crop. Therefore, the liquid can be uniformly attached to the crop by the electrostatic effect.

In the present embodiment, since the power supply unit is one of the positive power supply device and the negative power supply device, the configuration of the power supply unit is simple.
The ground terminal of the positive power supply device is connected to another charging unit. Alternatively, the ground terminal of the negative power supply device is connected to one charging unit. That is, the voltage generated at the ground terminal is effectively used. Therefore, it is not necessary to connect the ground terminal and the field via the ground wire.

In the present embodiment, the power supply unit includes a positive power supply device and a negative power supply device.
The ground terminal of the positive power supply device and the ground terminal of the negative power supply device are connected to each other. Therefore, the negative voltage generated at the ground terminal of the positive power supply device and the positive voltage generated at the ground terminal of the negative power supply device cancel each other. Therefore, it is not necessary to connect the ground terminal and the field via the ground wire.

In this embodiment, the absolute values of the voltages applied to one charging unit and the other charging unit are equal. Therefore, in the electric circuit described above, charges move without any particular problem.

In the present embodiment, even if the grounding of the power supply unit included in the electrostatic spraying device is omitted, the liquid can be sprayed in the air using the flying object.

In the case of the electrostatic spraying device, the flying object, and the electrostatic spraying method according to the present embodiment, a stable spraying operation can be performed, and the liquid can be uniformly attached to the crop.

1 is a block diagram showing a main part of an electrostatic spraying device according to Embodiment 1. FIG. 1 is a perspective view schematically showing an appearance of an aircraft according to Embodiment 1. FIG. It is a block diagram which shows the principal part of the electrostatic spraying apparatus which concerns on Embodiment 2. FIG.

Hereinafter, the present invention will be described in detail based on the drawings showing the embodiments thereof.

Embodiment 1.
FIG. 1 is a block diagram showing a main part of the electrostatic spraying device according to the first embodiment.
In the figure, reference numeral 1 denotes an electrostatic spraying device, and the electrostatic spraying device 1 includes a first nozzle unit 11, a second nozzle unit 12, a tank 13, a pump 14, and a power supply unit 15.
The first nozzle unit 11 includes a spray nozzle 21 and a charging unit 22.

A spray port is provided at the tip of the spray nozzle 21. A tank 13 is connected to the proximal end portion of the spray nozzle 21 via a supply pipe. A pump 14 is provided in the middle of the supply pipe.
A chemical liquid (liquid) is stored in the tank 13. The chemical solution stored in the tank 13 is, for example, a liquid pesticide. The chemical solution stored in the tank 13 is pressurized by the pump 14 and supplied to the spray nozzle 21. The chemical solution supplied to the spray nozzle 21 is sprayed from the spray port of the spray nozzle 21.

The charging unit 22 is disposed around the spray nozzle 21 so as to be separated from the spray nozzle 21 by an appropriate length and to face a spray region of the chemical liquid sprayed from the spray nozzle 21. The charging unit 22 shown in FIG. 1 is an annular electrode and surrounds the spray region.
Similarly to the first nozzle unit 11, the second nozzle unit 12 includes a spray nozzle 21 and a charging unit 22. The difference between the first nozzle unit 11 and the second nozzle unit 12 is that the polarity of the high voltage applied to the charging

units

22 and 22 is different as will be described later.

The power supply unit 15 is a positive power supply device having an output terminal 15a and a ground terminal 15b. The power supply unit 15 outputs a positive high voltage from the output terminal 15a. At this time, a negative high voltage is generated at the ground terminal 15b.
The output terminal 15a is connected to the charging unit 22 of the first nozzle unit 11 through a conducting wire. As a result, since a positive high voltage is applied to the charging unit 22, the charging unit 22 is positively charged (“+” in the figure). The spray nozzle 21 and the charging unit 22 of the first nozzle unit 11 function as one spray nozzle and one charging unit according to the present embodiment.

The ground terminal 15b is connected to the charging unit 22 of the second nozzle unit 12 through a conductive wire. As a result, since a high negative voltage is applied to the charging unit 22, the charging unit 22 is negatively charged (“−” in the figure). The spray nozzle 21 and the charging unit 22 of the second nozzle unit 12 function as other spray nozzles and other charging units according to the present embodiment.
The absolute value of the positive voltage applied to the charging unit 22 of the first nozzle unit 11 and the negative voltage applied to the charging unit 22 of the second nozzle unit 12 are equal to each other.
The power supply unit 15 is not grounded.

The power supply unit 15 may be a negative power supply device. In this case, the power supply unit 15 outputs a negative high voltage from the output terminal 15a. A positive high voltage is generated at the ground terminal 15b. Therefore, the output terminal 15 a is connected to the charging unit 22 of the second nozzle unit 12, and the ground terminal 15 b is connected to the charging unit 22 of the first nozzle unit 11. Then, a positive high voltage is applied to the charging unit 22 of the first nozzle unit 11, and a negative high voltage is applied to the charging unit 22 of the second nozzle unit 12.
Since the power supply unit 15 is one of a positive power supply device and a negative power supply device, the configuration of the power supply unit 15 is simple.

When the electrostatic spraying device 1 as described above is used, the charging unit 22 of the first nozzle unit 11 is positively charged and the charging unit 22 of the second nozzle unit 12 is negatively charged with the operation of the power supply unit 15. To do. Further, with the operation of the pump 14, the chemical solution is sprayed from the

spray nozzles

21 and 21 of the first nozzle unit 11 and the second nozzle unit 12. In this case, the chemical liquid sprayed from the spray nozzle 21 of the first nozzle unit 11 is negatively charged, and the chemical liquid sprayed from the spray nozzle 21 of the second nozzle unit 12 is positively charged. As a result, a negatively charged chemical solution and a positively charged chemical solution are sprayed simultaneously from the first nozzle unit 11 and the second nozzle unit 12.

The electrostatic spraying device 1 is used toward the field 3.
The field 3 is, for example, a general field. FIG. 1 illustrates a case where crops 31 and 32 are planted in the field 3. The crop 31 is planted in a part of the field 3, and the crop 32 is planted in another part of the field 3. The

crops

31 and 32 may be the same type of crop or different types of crops.

Next, the electrostatic spraying method according to the present embodiment will be described.
The spray nozzle 21 of the first nozzle unit 11 is directed to a part of the farm field 3, and the spray nozzle 21 of the second nozzle unit 12 is directed to another part of the farm field 3. Then, a negatively charged chemical solution is sprayed toward a part of the field 3, and a positively charged chemical solution is sprayed toward the other part of the field 3.

In this case, a negatively charged chemical solution adheres to the crop 31 planted in a part of the field 3, and a positively charged chemical solution adheres to the crop 32 planted in another part of the field 3. . At this time, the crop 31 to which the negatively charged chemical solution is attached becomes negatively charged due to accumulation of negative charge. On the other hand, the crop 32 to which the positively charged chemical solution is attached is positively charged by accumulating positive charges. Therefore, adhesion of the chemical sprayed from the spray nozzle 21 of the first nozzle unit 11 to the crop 31 corresponds to movement of negative charges from the charging unit 22 of the first nozzle unit 11 to the crop 31. In other words, this corresponds to the movement of positive charges from the crop 31 to the charging unit 22 of the first nozzle unit 11. On the other hand, the attachment of the chemical sprayed from the spray nozzle 21 of the second nozzle unit 12 to the crop 32 corresponds to the movement of positive charges from the charging unit 22 of the second nozzle unit 12 to the crop 32.

The

crops

31 and 32 planted in the field 3 are both grounded. Moreover, since the

crops

31 and 32 are planted in the same field 3, they are electrically connected to each other through soil. Therefore, a positive charge moves from the crop 32 to the soil, and a positive charge moves from the soil to the crop 31 (see the arrow drawn with a two-dot chain line shown in FIG. 1).
By the way, the charging unit 22 of the first nozzle unit 11 and the charging unit 22 of the second nozzle unit 12 are connected to each other through the power supply unit 15 and a conducting wire. Therefore, positive charge moves from the negatively charged charging unit 22 to the positively charged charging unit 22.

As a result, in the electric circuit formed in the electrostatic spraying device 1, positive charge moves from the charging unit 22 of the second nozzle unit 12 to the charging unit 22 of the first nozzle unit 11 by the action of the power supply unit 15. To do. Along with this, a positive charge moves from the charging unit 22 of the second nozzle unit 12 to the crop 32, a positive charge moves from the crop 32 to the crop 31 via the field 3, and the first nozzle unit 11 from the crop 31. A virtual electric circuit is generated in which positive charges move to the charging unit 22.

Therefore, even if the grounding of the power supply unit 15 is omitted, the charging unit 22 of the first nozzle unit 11 is stably positively charged, and the charging unit 22 of the second nozzle unit 12 is stably negatively charged. Therefore, the electrostatic spraying apparatus 1 can perform a stable spraying operation. Since the high voltage generated at the ground terminal 15b is effectively used by the charging unit 22 of the second nozzle unit 12, it is not necessary to connect the ground terminal 15b and the field 3 via the ground wire.
Moreover, since electric charges are exchanged between the

crops

31 and 32, there is no possibility that electric charges having the same polarity as the polarity of the chemical solution are accumulated in the

respective crops

31 and 32. Therefore, the chemical solution can be uniformly attached to the

crops

31 and 32 by the electrostatic effect.

Since the absolute value of the high voltage applied to each of the charging

units

22 and 22 is equal, in the electric circuit formed in the electrostatic spraying device 1 and the above-described virtual electric circuit, the electric charge is not particularly problematic. Moving.
The electrostatic spraying apparatus 1 may include a plurality of first nozzle units 11 and a plurality of second nozzle units 12.

Here, it will be described when the electrostatic spraying device 1 is mounted on a flying object.
FIG. 2 is a perspective view schematically showing the appearance of the flying body according to the first embodiment.
In the figure, reference numeral 4 denotes a flying body. The flying body 4 includes a casing 41, a plurality of

arm portions

42, 42,..., A plurality of

rotor blades

43, 43,. , And electrostatic spraying device 1 are provided.
The casing 41 accommodates the tank 13, the pump 14, and the power supply unit 15 of the electrostatic spraying device 1.
Each of the

arm portions

42, 42,... Protrudes laterally from the top of the housing 41. FIG. 2 shows a case where four

arm portions

42, 42,... Are arranged in a cross shape with the top portion of the casing 41 as the center.

A rotary blade 43 is provided at the tip of each arm portion 42. The flying object 4 flies by the rotation of the

rotor blades

43, 43,.
The

leg portions

44, 44,... Protrude downward from the bottom of the housing 41. FIG. 2 shows a case where four

leg portions

44, 44,... Are arranged below the

arm portions

42, 42,. When the flying object 4 has landed, the

leg portions

44, 44, ... contact the ground.
From each leg part 44, the support rod 45 protrudes sideways. FIG. 2 shows a case where four

support rods

45, 45,... Are arranged in a cross shape around the housing 41.

One of the first nozzle unit 11 and the second nozzle unit 12 is provided in the support rod 45 in parallel in the length direction of the support rod 45. Of the four

support rods

45, 45,..., One adjacent two

support rods

45, 45 are provided with

first nozzle units

11, 11,. The

second nozzle units

12, 12,... The

support rods

45, 45,... Are arranged so that the first nozzle unit 11 and the second nozzle unit 12 are separated from the ground even when the

legs

44, 44,. Are arranged in the

sections

44, 44,.
The

leg portions

44, 44,... And the

support rods

45, 45,... Incorporate a supply pipe that connects each spray nozzle 21 and the tank 13 and a conductive wire that connects each charging portion 22 and the power supply portion 15. Yes.
Note that the support rod 45 may protrude from the housing 41.

Each of the first nozzle unit 11 and the second nozzle unit 12 is provided on the support rod 45 such that the spray port of the spray nozzle 21 faces downward. Therefore, the chemical solution supplied to the spray nozzle 21 is sprayed downward from the spray port of the spray nozzle 21.
The electrostatic spraying device 1 sprays a positively charged chemical solution and a negatively charged chemical solution toward different positions on the same field 3 during the flight of the flying object 4. That is, the electrostatic spraying device 1 mounted on the flying body 4 can spray the chemical liquid in the air.

In addition, the electrostatic spraying apparatus 1 is not limited to the structure mounted in the flying body 4. For example, the electrostatic spraying device 1 may be configured as a backpack sprayer, a self-propelled sprayer, or a handheld sprayer.

The surface of the field 3 may be covered with an insulating sheet.
The field 3 may be one in which soil is accommodated in an insulating pot. None of the

crops

31 and 32 planted in such a field 3 are grounded. However, since the

crops

31 and 32 are planted in the same field 3, they are electrically connected to each other through the soil accommodated in the pot. Therefore, a positive charge moves from the crop 32 to the crop 31. Therefore, there is no possibility that the electric charges having the same polarity as that of the chemical solution are accumulated in the

crops

31 and 32.
The field 3 is not limited to the field for soil cultivation, but may be a field for hydroponics.

The charging unit 22 is not limited to the annular electrode. For example, the charging unit 22 may be two parallel coated conductors. In this case, the charging unit 22 is arranged around the spray nozzle 21 so as to sandwich the spray region of the chemical liquid sprayed from the spray nozzle 21.

Embodiment 2. FIG.
FIG. 3 is a block diagram showing a main part of the electrostatic spraying apparatus 1 according to the second embodiment.
The electrostatic spraying device 1 of the present embodiment has substantially the same configuration as the electrostatic spraying device 1 of the first embodiment. The electrostatic spraying device 1 according to the present embodiment has substantially the same effects as the electrostatic spraying device 1 according to the first embodiment. In the following, differences from the first embodiment will be described, and other components that are the same as those in the first embodiment will be denoted by the same reference numerals and description thereof will be omitted.

The power supply unit 15 includes a positive power supply device 151 and a negative power supply device 152.
The positive power supply device 151 has an output terminal 15c and a ground terminal 15d. The positive power supply device 151 outputs a positive high voltage from the output terminal 15c. A negative high voltage is generated at the ground terminal 15d. The positive high voltage output from the output terminal 15 a by the positive power supply device 151 is applied to the charging unit 22 of the first nozzle unit 11. As a result, the charging unit 22 of the first nozzle unit 11 is positively charged.

The negative power supply device 152 has an output terminal 15e and a ground terminal 15f. The negative power supply device 152 outputs a negative high voltage from the output terminal 15e. A positive high voltage is generated at the ground terminal 15f. The negative high voltage output from the output terminal 15 e by the negative power supply device 152 is applied to the charging unit 22 of the second nozzle unit 12. As a result, the charging unit 22 of the second nozzle unit 12 is negatively charged.
The positive voltage output from the positive power supply device 151 and the negative voltage output from the negative power supply device 152 have the same absolute value.

The ground terminal 15d of the positive power supply device 151 and the ground terminal 15f of the negative power supply device 152 are connected to each other through a conducting wire. Therefore, since the negative voltage generated at the ground terminal 15d and the positive voltage generated at the ground terminal 15f cancel each other, it is not necessary to connect the

ground terminals

15d, 15f and the field 3 via the ground wire.

Note that the total of the number of positive

power supply devices

151, 151,... Provided in the power supply unit 15 and the number of negative

power supply devices

152, 152,.

The embodiment disclosed this time is to be considered as illustrative in all points and not restrictive. The scope of the present invention is not intended to include the above-described meaning, but is intended to include meanings equivalent to the scope of the claims and all modifications within the scope of the claims.
The constituent elements (technical features) disclosed in each embodiment can be combined with each other, and a new technical feature can be formed by the combination.

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Electrostatic spraying apparatus 15 Power supply part 151 Positive power supply apparatus 152 Negative power supply apparatus 15a, 15c,

15e Output terminal

15b, 15d, 15f Ground terminal 21 Spray nozzle 22 Charging part 3 Field 4 Flying object

Claims

In an electrostatic spraying device that sprays a charged liquid,
A plurality of spray nozzles for spraying liquid;
One charging unit arranged around one spray nozzle, positively charged, and negatively charging a liquid sprayed from the one spray nozzle;
Other charging units arranged around other spray nozzles, negatively charged, and positively charging liquid sprayed from the other spray nozzles;
An electrostatic spraying apparatus comprising: a power supply unit that charges the one charging unit and the other charging unit.
The power supply unit is
A positive power supply device in which an output terminal that outputs a positive voltage is connected to the one charging unit, a ground terminal is connected to the other charging unit, and an output terminal that outputs a negative voltage is connected to the other charging unit. The electrostatic spraying device according to claim 1, wherein the ground terminal is any one of a negative power supply device connected to the one charging unit.
The power supply unit is
A positive power supply device in which an output terminal for outputting a positive voltage is connected to the one charging unit, and a negative power supply device in which an output terminal for outputting a negative voltage is connected to the other charging unit,
The electrostatic spraying device according to claim 1, wherein ground terminals of the positive power supply device and the negative power supply device are connected to each other.
The electrostatic spraying device according to claim 2 or 3, wherein an absolute value of a positive voltage applied to the one charging unit and an absolute value of a negative voltage applied to the other charging unit are equal.
A flying body comprising the electrostatic spraying device according to any one of claims 1 to 4.
In an electrostatic spraying method of spraying a charged liquid,
Using an electrostatic spraying device that sprays a positively charged liquid and a negatively charged liquid, and sprays the positively charged liquid and the negatively charged liquid toward different positions in the same field. Electrostatic spraying method.