WO2018078639A1

WO2018078639A1 - Physical random-access channel for narrow band internet of things time division duplex mode

Info

Publication number: WO2018078639A1
Application number: PCT/IN2017/050319
Authority: WO
Inventors: Kiran Kumar Kuchi; Venkata Siva Santosh GANJI
Original assignee: Wisig Networks Private Limited
Priority date: 2016-10-28
Filing date: 2017-08-03
Publication date: 2018-05-03

Abstract

Embodiments of the present disclosure are related, in general to communication, but exclusively relate to communication in a time division duplex (TDD) network. A user equipment (UE) transmits a Physical Random-Access Channel (PRACH) to an enhanced node base (eNodeB) even in low coverage scenario. The PRACH had to be transmitted in any available uplink sub-frame. The Narrow band - Internet of things (NB-IoT) N-PRACH channel for TDD (time division duplex) communication system with 5KHz sub carrier spacing is used for transmission in in-band, guard band and standalone band deployments. In available duration of 1 msec for uplink, multiple NPRACH symbols is be transmitted.

Description

TITLE: "PHYSICAL RANDOM-ACCESS CHANNEL FOR NARROW BAND INTERNET OF THINGS TIME DIVISION DUPLEX MODE"

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] Embodiments of the present disclosure are related, in general to communication, but exclusively relate to communication of time division duplex (TDD) Physical Random- Access Channel (PRACH) in narrow band Internet of things (NB-IoT).

BACKGROUND

[0002] Random access procedure is an initial procedure required by any user equipment (UE) to establish connection with a cellular network. Random access channel (RACH) has very important functionality, especially in Long term evolution (LTE) standard. The RACH is used for achieving uplink (UL) synchronization between UE and evolved base stations (also referred as eNodeB or eNB), and establishing connection with a network.

[0003] In most of the communication schemes, an important prerequisite is to establish the timing synchronization between the receiver and transmitter. In LTE, the synchronization in downlink (DL) is achieved by special synchronization signals, such as primary synchronization signal (PSS) and secondary synchronization signal (SSS). The DL signals are broadcasted periodically by the base station (BS). However, in UL where a transmitter is UE and receiver is eNB, it is inefficient to transmit periodically the special synchronizing signals to establish timing synchronization.

[0004] In case of UL, synchronization process should happen only when there is immediate necessity and the synchronization should be dedicated to only a specific UE, which must be met. So, the RACH is a mandatory procedure for any UE to establish timing synchronization with a network. Also, the RACH process is to establish connection with a network. The RACH is an important process to establish timing synchronization and thereby, establishing connection with the network. Hence, UE transmits physical RACH (PRACH) for this purpose. In LTE - PRACH, the PRACH carries a randomly chosen preamble out of 64. The preamble is a constant amplitude zero auto correlation (CAZAC) sequence. [0005] The physical layer random access preamble, illustrated in Fig. 1, consists of a cyclic prefix of length T_CP and a sequence part of length r_SEQ . The parameter values are listed in Table- 1 and depends on the frame structure and the random-access configuration. The higher layers control the preamble format.

[0006] The following is random access preamble parameters:

Table- 1

[0007] If triggered by the MAC layer, the transmission of a random-access preamble is restricted to resources such as certain time and frequency. These resources are enumerated in increasing order of the subframe number within the radio frame and the physical resource blocks in the frequency domain such that index 0 correspond to the lowest numbered physical resource block and subframe within the radio frame. The PRACH resources within the radio frame are indicated by a PRACH configuration, which indicates the frame, subframe, frequency resource, preamble format as per time division duplex (TDD) or frequency division duplex (FDD) configuration.

[0008] For LTE, time and frequency are divided among users for communication, resources in frequency are called subcarriers and time is divided in terms of frames, each frame is of 10 ms duration. A frame is divided into 10 sub frames, each of 1 ms duration. Each subframe is divided into two slots of 0.5 ms each. Each slot contains either six or seven OFDM symbols, depending on the Cyclic Prefix (CP) length. Among the 10 sub-frames, few can be used as uplink transmission resources and few can be used as downlink resources by user equipment. The Table-2 shows already defined uplink (UL), downlink (DL) sub frame pattern. Similar pattern can be defined for Narrow band (NB) LTE. There are seven different DL/ UL configurations in LTE as shown in below Table 2:

Table-2

[0009] In TDD, resources for the PRACH are configured by eNodeB, which are in terms of a quadruple. Each quadruple of the format ( _ΕΑ> _Α> _Α) indicates the location of a specific random access resource, where f_RA is a frequency resource index within the considered time instance, wherein

= 0,1,2 indicates whether the resource is reoccurring in all radio frames, which is Ί ' if the resource is occurring in even frames and '0' if in odd frames. The _A = 0Ί which indicates whether the random-access resource is in first half frame or in second half frame, respectively. The

is the uplink subframe number, where the preamble starts from 0 at the first uplink subframe between 2 consecutive downlink-to-uplink switch points. The start of the random-access preamble formats shall be aligned with the start of the corresponding uplink subframe at the UE. There are seven different DL/ UL configurations in LTE. The uplink subframes for PRACH are selected based on the configuration.

[0010] A narrow band internet of things (NB-IoT) facilitates a cellular connectivity for massive number of IoT devices. A small chunk of LTE bandwidth ( 180KHz) has been taken and narrow bandwidth has been developed by 3GPP. This provides opportunity to provide connectivity with existing network infrastructure. The NB-IoT is backward compatibility with LTE network. The NB-IoT may be deployed in at least one of different modes, such as, in-band mode i.e. deployed within existing LTE band; guard band mode i.e. deployed within a guard band of existing LTE and standalone mode i.e. making use of low bandwidth lone carrier.

[0011] The NB- IoT systems have some advantages such as wide area ubiquitous coverage, fast upgrade of existing network, low -power consumption guaranteeing ten years' battery life, high coupling, low cost terminal, plug and play, high reliability and high carrier-class network security.

[0012] In NB-IOT PRACH (NPRACH) to initiate a communication with a network, the eNodeB receives a PRACH transmitted by the UE, even in low coverage scenario. The existing NB-

IoT standard defines NPRACH for FDD, with 3.75KHz sub carrier spacing. The physical layer random access preamble is based on single-subcarrier frequency-hopping symbol groups. The Fig. 1 shows an illustration of a symbol group, consisting of a cyclic prefix of length T_CP and a sequence of 5 identical symbols with total length r_SEQ . The parameter values of random access preamble are listed in the below Table-3:

Table-3

[0013] The preamble consisting of four symbol groups transmitted without gaps shall be transmitted

times. The transmission of a random-access preamble, if triggered by the MAC layer, is restricted to certain time and frequency resources.

[0014] In FDD, the NPRACH do not have a cap on time domain resources. With 3.75 kHz spacing, total duration for single repetition of PRACH is 6.4 ms which is little more than 7 LTE -TDD sub-frames. So, the current design cannot fit directly into any of the 7 available TDD configurations. References:

[0015] 3rd Generation Partnership Project; Technical Specification Group Radio Access Network;

Evolved Universal Terrestrial Radio Access (E-UTRA); Physical Channels and Modulation (36.211).

SUMMARY

[0016] The shortcomings of the prior art are overcome and additional advantages are provided through the provision of method of the present disclosure. [0017] Additional features and advantages are realized through the techniques of the present disclosure. Other embodiments and aspects of the disclosure are described in detail herein and are considered a part of the claimed disclosure.

[0018] In an aspect of the present disclosure, a method of communication in a narrow band (NB) time division duplexing (TDD) is provided. The method comprises receiving, by a user equipment (UE), an information associated with physical random-access channel (PRACH) transmission, wherein the PRACH information is being broadcasted by a base station (BS). Also, the method comprises selecting, by the UE, at least one of a single set of parameters and multiple set of parameters from the received information, wherein said parameters are at least one of frequency, time resource and any other information associated with the PRACH.

Further, the method comprises generating at least one PRACH symbol using the at least one of the single set of parameters and the multiple set of parameters, wherein the frequency is in terms of multiple of 5 kHz. Repeating steps of selecting parameters and generating PRACH symbol for a predefined number of times, to generate plurality of PRACH symbols. Furthermore, the method comprises transmitting the plurality of PRACH symbols to the BS, by selecting a carrier frequency.

[0019] Another aspect of the present disclosure is a communication system in a narrow band (NB) time division duplexing (TDD). The system comprises at least one transceiver comprising a receiver, and a processor. The receiver receives an information associated with physical random-access channel (PRACH) transmission from a base station (BS) and a transmitter to transmit communication data to the BS. The processor is configured to receive the information associated with physical random-access channel (PRACH) transmission, select at least one of a single set of parameters and multiple set of parameters from the received information. The parameters are at least one of frequency, time resource and any other information associated with the PRACH. Also, the processor generates one or more PRACH symbol using the at least one of the single set of parameters and the multiple set of parameters, wherein the frequency is in terms of multiple of 5 kHz; and transmit the generated PRACH symbols to the BS.

[0020] The foregoing summary is illustrative only and is not intended to be in any way limiting.

In addition to the illustrative aspects, embodiments, and features described above, further aspects, embodiments, and features will become apparent by reference to the drawings and the following detailed description.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE ACCOMPANYING DRAWINGS

[0021] The accompanying drawings, which are incorporated in and constitute a part of this disclosure, illustrate exemplary embodiments and, together with the description, serve to explain the disclosed principles. In the figures, the left-most digit(s) of a reference number identifies the figure in which the reference number first appears. The same numbers are used throughout the figures to reference like features and components. Some embodiments of device or system and/or methods in accordance with embodiments of the present subject matter are now described, by way of example only, and with reference to the accompanying figures, in which:

[0022] Fig. 1 shows a conventional symbol group format, consisting of a cyclic prefix and a sequence;

[0023] Fig. 2 shows an illustration of a communication system 200 between a Mobile Station's (MS's)/ User Equipment's (UE's) and base station (BS), in accordance with an embodiment of the present disclosure; [0024] Fig. 3A a block diagram illustration of a communication system/ user equipment for a narrow band (NB) IOT time division duplexing (TDD) mode in accordance with an embodiment of the present disclosure; [0025] Fig. 3B shows a flowchart illustrating a method of communication between a UE and EnodeB, in accordance with an embodiment of the present disclosure;

[0026] Fig. 4 shows a block diagram of generation module configured in the UE, in accordance with an embodiment of the present disclosure;

[0027] Fig. 5 shows a flowchart illustrating a method of communication in a narrow band (NB) time division duplexing (TDD) in accordance with some embodiments of the present disclosure;

[0028] Fig. 6 shows a plot illustrating time of arrival (TOA) error in sample for TDD PRACH MCL 164dB, in accordance with an embodiment of the present disclosure; and

[0029] Fig. 7 shows a plot illustrating time of arrival (TOA) error in sample for TDD PRACH MCL 154dB, in accordance with an embodiment of the present disclosure.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0030] In the present document, the word "exemplary" is used herein to mean "serving as an example, instance, or illustration." Any embodiment or implementation of the present subject matter described herein as "exemplary" is not necessarily to be construed as preferred or advantageous over other embodiments.

[0031] While the disclosure is susceptible to various modifications and alternative forms, specific embodiment thereof has been shown by way of example in the drawings and will be described in detail below. It should be understood, however that it is not intended to limit the disclosure to the particular forms disclosed, but on the contrary, the disclosure is to cover all modifications, equivalents, and alternative falling within the spirit and the scope of the disclosure. [0032] The terms "comprises", "comprising", or any other variations thereof, are intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion, such that a setup, device or method that comprises a list of components or steps does not include only those components or steps but may include other components or steps not expressly listed or inherent to such setup or device or method. In other words, one or more elements in a device or system or apparatus proceeded by "comprises... a" does not, without more constraints, preclude the existence of other elements or additional elements in the device or system or apparatus. [0033] The term "Internet of thing (IoT) device" or "Internet of Everything (IoE) device" is used herein to refer to a wireless device that may use radio frequency (RF) communications to communicate with another device (or user), for example, as a participant in a communication network, such as the IoT/ IoE. Such communications may include communications with another wireless device, a base station (including a cellular communication network base station and an IoE base station), an access point (including an IoE access point), or other wireless devices.

[0034] A device implementing various embodiments may include any one or all of cellular telephones, smart phones, personal or mobile multi-media players, personal data assistants (PDAs), laptop computers, tablet computers, smart books, palmtop computers, gaming systems and controllers, smart appliances including televisions, set top boxes, kitchen appliances, lights and lighting systems, smart electricity meters, air conditioning/HVAC systems, thermostats, building security systems including door and window locks, vehicular entertainment systems, vehicular diagnostic and monitoring systems, unmanned and/or semi-autonomous aerial vehicles, automobiles, sensors, machine-to-machine devices, and similar devices that include a programmable processor and memory and circuitry for establishing wireless communication pathways and transmitting/receiving data via wireless communication pathways.

[0035] The term "component" is intended to include a computer-related part, functionality or entity, such as, but not limited to, hardware, firmware, a combination of hardware and software, software, or software in execution, that is configured to perform particular operations or functions. For example, a component may be, but is not limited to, a process running on a processor, a processor, an object, an executable, a thread of execution, a program, and/or a computer. By way of illustration, both an application running on a computing device and the computing device may be referred to as a component. One or more components may reside within a process and/or thread of execution and a component may be localized on one processor or core and/or distributed between two or more processors or cores. In addition, these components may execute from various non-transitory computer readable media having various instructions and/or data structures stored thereon. Components may communicate by way of local and/or remote processes, function or procedure calls, electronic signals, data packets, memory read/writes, and other known computer, processor, and/or process related communication methodologies.

[0036] IoT devices may be deployed in locations or areas without ready sources of power, requiring the devices to rely on power stored in a battery or another stored power source. Some IoT devices may also be required or expected to operate without battery replacement or recharging for long periods of time, extending into years. The efficient use of stored power and minimizing wasted power consumption are necessary to meet this operational requirement.

[0037] To establish a communication link with a wireless communication network (e.g., a cellular communication network), an IoT device may transmit a request to establish the communication link (such as a Random- Access Channel (RACH) request) at a certain transmit power. If the request to establish the communication link is not successful (e.g., if the IoT device does not receive a response or acknowledgement from the base station) a conventional IoT device will transmit a second request at increased transmit power. A conventional IoE device will repeat this process until an acknowledgement or response is received from the base station, or the IoE device determines that all requests have failed. This conventional process wastes battery power of the IoE device. In addition, if the request to establish the communication link collides with another IoE device's request to establish a communication link, the processes will be prolonged, further wasting power. [0038] Various embodiments provide methods implemented by a processor on an IoT device for managing power resources of the IoT device establishing communication links with a wireless communication network. In various embodiments, the IoT device may monitor uplink interference over time and store in memory wireless communication parameters. The wireless communication parameters stored in memory may include the monitored uplink interference over time, a transmit power of successful communication link requests, and a time that each successful request was sent. When the IoT device determines that the device has data to transmit to the communication network, the IoT device may calculate a transmit power based on the stored wireless communication parameters at the transmit time. For example, the IoE device may correlate the transmit time and the stored wireless communication parameters associated with that time, and the IoT device may calculate a transmit power based on the stored wireless communication parameters that are associated with the transmit time.

[0039] If the request to establish the communication link is successful, the IoT device may store in the memory the calculated transmit power of the successful request, as well as the time the request was sent, and related wireless communication parameters. [0040] In some embodiments, the IoT device may also determine the transmit time based on the stored wireless communication parameters. For example, the IoT device may determine a transmit time at which a very low level of uplink interference is expected. Transmitting during a time of low uplink interference may enable the IoT device to use a lower transmit power level to successfully establish a wireless communication link.

[0041] An exemplary embodiment of the present disclosure is related to a communication in a time division duplex (TDD) network and in standalone, guard band or in-band deployment scenarios. A user equipment (UE) transmits a Physical Random- Access Channel (PRACH) to an enhanced node base (eNodeB) even in low coverage scenario. The PRACH may be transmitted in any available uplink sub-frame. The Narrow band - Internet of things (NB-IoT)

PRACH (NPRACH) for TDD communication system, with 5KHz sub carrier spacing is used for transmission. In an available duration of 1msec for uplink, multiple NPRACH symbols may be transmitted. [0042] The physical layer random access preamble is based on single -subcarrier frequency- hopping symbol groups. A symbol group is shown in Fig. 1, comprising a cyclic prefix of length T_CP and a sequence of identical symbols with total length r_SEQ . A 1 ms sub-frames is transmitted

number of times based on available uplink subframes. [0043] The transmission of random access preamble, if triggered by the MAC layer, is restricted to these time and frequency resources. Defined NPRACH is for TDD system where there is no cap on time domain resources, can fit into any of UL: DL TDD configurations possible for any TDD communication system.

[0044] In one embodiment of the present disclosure, a 5KHz NPRACH carrier is used for NB-IoT TDD system. In existing TDD configuration, a maximum of 3 consecutive Uplink subframes available can be used, 3 symbols with preamble value 1 can be sent in a single subframe.

[0045] In one embodiment, the NB-IoT carrier is of 5KHz which fits into existing LTE- TDD system. A symbol duration would be 3 times the symbol duration of 15 KHz uplink symbol time. A cyclic prefix of up to 1 symbol duration of 5KHz may be acceptable. A physical uplink shared channel (PUSCH) may use one of 3.75 KHz, 5 KHz, and 15 KHz subcarrier frequency spacing.

[0046] In one embodiment, the user equipment (UE) transmits NPRACH to enhanced node base (eNodeB) to obtain initial network connection. In Narrow Band (NB) internet of things (IoT) for deployment scenarios of In-band, guard band and standalone mode, the UE needs to transmit NPRACH.

[0047] Fig. 2 shows an illustration of a communication system 200 between a Mobile Station's (MS's)/ User Equipment's (UE's) and base station (BS), in accordance with an embodiment of the present disclosure. As shown in Fig. 2, the BS 202 transmits required information to plurality of mobile station (MS) / user equipment (UE) (204-1, 204-2, 204-3... 204-N). The BS 202 broadcasts data to all the MSs, wherein the data comprises information related to the available resources, such as, but not limited to time, frequency, offset and any other information related to PRACH.

[0048] Fig. 3A is a block diagram illustration of a communication system/ user equipment (UE) 300 for a narrow band (NB) Internet of things (IoT) time division duplexing (TDD) mode, in accordance with an embodiment of the present disclosure. In one embodiment, the system 300 communicates in a NB IoT TDD for at least one of in-band, standalone band and guard band deployments. The system 300 comprises at least one transceiver 302 and a processor. The at least transceiver 302 comprises a receiver and a transmitter. The receiver is configured to receive an information associated with physical random access channel (PRACH) transmission from a base station (BS). The transmitter is configured to transmit communication data to the BS. A processor (not shown in the Figs) comprises selection module 304 and generation module 306. The processor is configured to receive the information associated with physical random-access channel (PRACH) transmission from the BS.

[0049] The transceiver 302 receives and provides the PRACH information to the processor, which in turn provides the same to the selection module 306. The selection module 304 selects at least one of a single set of parameters and multiple set of parameters from the received information, wherein said parameters are at least one of frequency, time resource and any other information associated with the PRACH. The generation module 306 generates one or more

PRACH symbol using the at least one of the single set of parameters and the multiple set of parameters, wherein the frequency is in terms of multiple of 5 kHz. The transmitter, configured in the transceiver 302, transmits the generated PRACH symbols to the BS. The transmission may happen in any one of licensed band and unlicensed band.

[0050] The BS may include a cellular network base station, which may support communications for a variety of other wireless communication devices. Such wireless communication devices may include mobile communication devices, which may communicate with the base station over a communication link. Such wireless communication devices may also include small cells or a wireless access points, which may include a micro cell, a femto cell, a pico cell, a

Wi-Fi access point, and other similar network access points. The mobile communication devices and wireless access points may communicate with the base station over a wireless communication link. [0051] The wireless communication links among the IoT devices and between the IoT devices and the base station may include a plurality of carrier signals, frequencies, or frequency bands, each of which may include a plurality of logical channels. Each of the wireless communication links may utilize one or more radio access technologies (RATs). Examples of RATs that may be used in one or more of the various wireless communication links within the communication environment include 3GPP Long Term Evolution (LTE), 3G, 4G, 5G, Global System for

Mobility (GSM), Code Division Multiple Access (CDMA), Wideband Code Division Multiple Access (WCDMA), Worldwide Interoperability for Microwave Access (WiMAX), Time Division Multiple Access (TDMA), and other mobile telephony communication technologies cellular RATs. Further examples of RATs that may be used in one or more of the various wireless communication links within the communication environment 100 include medium range protocols such as Wi-Fi, LTE-U, LTE-Direct, LAA, MuLTEfire, and relatively short- range RATs such as Wi-Fi, ZigBee, Bluetooth, and Bluetooth Low Energy (LE). In some embodiments, some of the communication links may use an IoE communication protocol. An IoE communication protocol may include LTE Machine-Type Communication (LTE MTC), Narrow Band LTE (NB-LTE), Cellular IoT (CIoT), Narrow Band IoT (NB-IoT), BT Smart, Bluetooth Low Energy (BT-LE), Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE) 802.15.4, and extended range wide area physical layer interfaces (PHYs) such as Random

Phase Multiple Access (RPMA), Ultra Narrow Band (UNB), Low Power Long Range (LoRa), Low Power Long Range Wide Area Network (LoRaWAN), and Weightless. In some embodiments, the frequencies used for wireless communication links may be in the 3.5 GHz band.

[0052] Fig. 3B shows a flowchart illustrating a method of communication between a UE and EnodeB, in accordance with an embodiment of the present disclosure. Also, the method steps involved in generation of NPRACH. As shown in Fig. 3B, the method comprises:

[0053] At Block 320, a sub carrier is selected by higher layers of the UE. [0054] At Block 330, the sub carrier is modulated with a sequence 1, as below: (A - R ]2π{^ _Α {ί-Τ_α> )

J V / ^NPRACH

[0055] where i^{s an} amplitude scaling factor, to conform the transmit power NPRACH specified, k = sub carrier, A _RA is 5 kHz.

[0056] At block 340, generating, by the generation module 306 of the UE, 1, 2, 3, 4 any number of symbols with 1 ms duration. In one embodiment, the 1 ms duration symbol is equal to 1 sub frame and that subframe may be any of the 10 subframes within a frame. [0057] At block 350, repeating the steps of blocks 1 to 3 by choosing a different sub carrier and generate s(t).

[0058] At block 360, selecting a carrier frequency and transmit over air by user equipment to the base station. [0059] Fig. 4 shows an illustration of generation module configured in the UE, in accordance with an embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0060] As shown in Fig. 4, the generation module 306 comprises selection module 402, modulation block 404, generation block 406 and cyclic prefix (CP) module 408. The selection module 402 selects the at least one PRACH symbol using the at least one of the single set of parameters and the multiple set of parameters, wherein the frequency is in terms of multiple of

5 kHz. The multiple set of parameters comprises a plurality of single set of parameters, wherein each set of parameters is having at least one of frequency, time resource and any other information associated with the PRACH. The plurality of PRACH symbols are generated with a period 1 ms. [0061] The modulation block 404 modulates the selected random frequency with a predefined value. The generation block 406 generates a PRACH symbol using the modulated selected random frequency and the CP module 408 performs a cyclic prefix on the generated PRACH symbols, which are transmitted to the BS.

[0062] Also, the generation block 406 performs modulation of the selected random frequency with a predefined value, using a modulation block 404 configured in the UE. In one embodiment, the predefined value for modulation is one. Next the generation block 406 generates a PRACH symbol using the modulated selected random frequency. The generation module 306 repeats the steps of selecting a random frequency, modulation and generating PRACH symbol for a predefined number of times, to generate plurality of PRACH symbols. In one embodiment, the predefined number is four. Thereafter, the CP module 408 performs a cyclic prefix on the generated PRACH symbols, which are transmitted to the BS.

[0063] In one embodiment, the generation module 306 generates one or more PRACH symbols.

The selection module 402 selects a first random frequency from the at least one of the single set of parameters and the multiple sets of parameters. The selected first random frequency is one of 5 kHz and multiples of 5 kHz. The modulation block 404 modulates the selected first random frequency with a predefined value. In one embodiment, the predefined value is one for generating a PRACH symbol using the modulated selected first random frequency. Further, the generation module 306 repeats the steps of selecting a random frequency, modulation and generating PRACH symbol for a predefined number of times, to generate a set of PRACH symbols to form a sub-frame.

[0064] The selection module 402 selects a second random frequency from the at least one of the single set of parameters and the multiple sets of parameters. The second random frequency is one of 5 kHz and multiples of 5 kHz, and not same as the first random frequency. Thereafter, the generation module 306 repeats steps of, modulating the selected first random frequency with a predefined value, generating a PRACH symbol using the modulated selected first random frequency and repeating the following steps for a second predefined number of times, the steps comprises selecting a random frequency and generating PRACH symbol for a first predefined number of times, to generate a set of PRACH symbols to form a sub-frame. In one embodiment, the second predefined number is in arrange of one to hundred. In one embodiment, the second predefined number is a multiple of four between on to hundred. In one embodiment, the first predefined number is four. This generates multiple sets of PRACH symbols to form a frame on which a cyclic prefix (CP) is performed on the generated multiple sets of PRACH symbols. The generated data after CP is transmitted to the BS.

[0065] Fig. 5 shows a flowchart illustrating a method of communication in a narrow band (NB) time division duplexing (TDD) in accordance with some embodiments of the present disclosure.

[0066] As illustrated in Fig. 5, the method 500 comprises one or more blocks for communication in a narrow band (NB) time division duplexing (TDD) for in-band, standalone band and guard band deployments. The method 500 may be described in the general context of computer executable instructions. Generally, computer executable instructions can include routines, programs, objects, components, data structures, procedures, modules, and functions, which perform functions or implement abstract data types. [0067] The order in which the method 500 is described is not intended to be construed as a limitation, and any number of the described method blocks can be combined in any order to implement the method. Additionally, individual blocks may be deleted from the methods without departing from the spirit and scope of the subject matter described herein. Furthermore, the method can be implemented in any suitable hardware, software, firmware, or combination thereof.

[0068] At block 510, receive by a user equipment (UE), an information associated with physical random-access channel (PRACH) transmission. A transceiver configured in the UE received the information The PRACH information is broadcasted by a base station (BS) to all the user equipment's in the network.

[0069] At block 520, selecting, by a select module configured in the UE, at least one of a single set of parameters and multiple set of parameters from the received information. The parameters are at least one of frequency, time resource and any other information associated with the PRACH. [0070] At block 530, generate, by a generating module configured in the UE, at least one PRACH symbol using the at least one of the single set of parameters and the multiple set of parameters, wherein the frequency is in terms of multiple of 5 kHz. The multiple set of parameters comprises a plurality of single set of parameters, wherein each set of parameters is having at least one of frequency, time resource and any other information associated with the PRACH. The plurality of PRACH symbols are generated with a time period of 1 ms.

[0071] In one embodiment, the method of generating one or more PRACH symbols comprises selecting a random frequency from the at least one of the single set of parameters and the multiple sets of parameters and modulating the selected random frequency with a predefined value. Next, generating a PRACH symbol using the modulated selected random frequency and performing a cyclic prefix on the generated PRACH symbols, for transmitting to the BS.

[0072] In one embodiment, the method of generating one or more PRACH symbols comprises selecting, by a selection module configured in the UE, a random frequency from the at least one of the single set of parameters and the multiple sets of parameters. The selected random frequency is one of 5 kHz and multiples of 5 kHz.

[0073] Also, the method comprises modulating the selected random frequency with a predefined value, using a modulation module configured in the UE. In one embodiment, the predefined value for modulation is one. Next generating a PRACH symbol using the modulated selected random frequency. Further, the method comprises repeating the steps of selecting a random frequency, modulation and generating PRACH symbol for a predefined number of times, to generate plurality of PRACH symbols. In one embodiment, the predefined number is four. Furthermore, the method comprises performing a cyclic prefix on the generated PRACH symbols, for transmitting to the BS.

[0074] In one embodiment, the method of generating one or more PRACH symbols further comprising selecting a random frequency from the at least one of the single set of parameters and the multiple sets of parameters. The selected random frequency is one of 5 kHz and multiples of 5 kHz. Also, the method comprises modulating the selected random frequency with a predefined value. In one embodiment, the predefined value is one. generating a PRACH symbol using the modulated selected random frequency. Further, the method comprises repeating the steps of selecting a random frequency, modulation and generating PRACH symbol for a predefined number of times, to generate a set of PRACH symbols to form a sub- frame. [0075] Further, the method comprises selecting a second random frequency from the at least one of the single set of parameters and the multiple sets of parameters. The second random frequency is one of 5 kHz and multiples of 5 kHz, and not same as the first random frequency. Thereafter, repeating steps of, modulating the selected first random frequency with a predefined value, generating a PRACH symbol using the modulated selected first random frequency and repeating the following steps for a second predefined number of times, the steps comprises selecting a random frequency and generating PRACH symbol for a first predefined number of times, to generate a set of PRACH symbols to form a sub -frame. In one embodiment, the second predefined number is in arrange of one to hundred. In one embodiment, the first predefined number is four. This generates multiple sets of PRACH symbols to form a frame on which a cyclic prefix (CP) is performed on the generated multiple sets of PRACH symbols. The generated data after CP is transmitted to the BS.

[0076] At block 540, generate plurality of PRACH symbols by repeating the steps at blocks 510 and 520 for a predefined number of times. Thereafter, transmitting, by the transceiver configured in the UE, the plurality of PRACH symbols to the BS, by selecting a carrier frequency. The transmitting of plurality of PRACH symbols may happen in any one of licensed band and unlicensed band.

[0077] Fig. 6 shows a plot illustrating Time of arrival (TO A) error in number of samples at a rate pf 1.92 MSPS for TDD PRACH for MCL 164dB, in accordance with an embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0078] Fig. 7 shows a plot illustrating Time of arrival (TO A) error in number of samples at a rate of 1.92 MSPS for TDD PRACH MCL 154dB, in accordance with an embodiment of the present disclosure. Both the Figs. 6 and 7 provide performance evaluation of the method of communication in a narrow band (NB) time division duplexing (TDD). [0079] One embodiment of the present disclosure is simulation results.

[0080] Coverage classes simulated: 144dB, 154dB,164dB; the below Table-4 shows a list of parameters and link budget analysis:

= (2) + (3) + (4) + 10 log ((5)) (dBm) -134.01

(7) Required SINR (dB) -6.9

(8) Receiver sensitivity = (6) + (7) (dBm) -140.91

(9) Rx processing gain 0

(10) MCL = (1) -(8) + (9) (dB) 164

Table-4

[0081] Carrier frequency offset considered: ± 100Hz

[0082] Probability of detection of preamble transmitted by UE: 99.9%

[0083] Probability of false alarm of preamble transmitted by UE: 0.1%

[0084] Probability of time of arrival error within ±2.5μ8: 92.63%(MCL 164dB)

[0085] Design considered CP duration to meet RTT of a cell with radius of 25KM.

[0086] For 100000 iterations of simulation below is detection and false alarm instances and

single repetition of PRACH.

[0087] The described operations may be implemented as a method, system or article of manufacture using standard programming and/or engineering techniques to produce software, firmware, hardware, or any combination thereof. The described operations may be implemented as code maintained in a "non-transitory computer readable medium", where a processor may read and execute the code from the computer readable medium. The processor is at least one of a microprocessor and a processor capable of processing and executing the queries. A non-transitory computer readable medium may comprise media such as magnetic storage medium (e.g., hard disk drives, floppy disks, tape, etc.), optical storage (CD-ROMs, DVDs, optical disks, etc.), volatile and non-volatile memory devices (e.g., EEPROMs, ROMs, PROMs, RAMs, DRAMs, SRAMs, Flash Memory, firmware, programmable logic, etc.), etc. Further, non-transitory computer-readable media comprise all computer-readable media except for a transitory. The code implementing the described operations may further be implemented in hardware logic (e.g., an integrated circuit chip, Programmable Gate Array (PGA), Application Specific Integrated Circuit (ASIC), etc.).

[0088] Still further, the code implementing the described operations may be implemented in "transmission signals", where transmission signals may propagate through space or through a transmission media, such as an optical fiber, copper wire, etc. The transmission signals in which the code or logic is encoded may further comprise a wireless signal, satellite transmission, radio waves, infrared signals, Bluetooth, etc. The transmission signals in which the code or logic is encoded is capable of being transmitted by a transmitting station and received by a receiving station, where the code or logic encoded in the transmission signal may be decoded and stored in hardware or a non-transitory computer readable medium at the receiving and transmitting stations or devices. An "article of manufacture" comprises non- transitory computer readable medium, hardware logic, and/or transmission signals in which code may be implemented. A device in which the code implementing the described embodiments of operations is encoded may comprise a computer readable medium or hardware logic. Of course, those skilled in the art will recognize that many modifications may be made to this configuration without departing from the scope of the invention, and that the article of manufacture may comprise suitable information bearing medium known in the art.

[0089] The terms "an embodiment", "embodiment", "embodiments", "the embodiment", "the embodiments", "one or more embodiments", "some embodiments", and "one embodiment" mean "one or more (but not all) embodiments of the invention(s)" unless expressly specified otherwise.

[0090] The terms "including", "comprising", "having" and variations thereof mean "including but not limited to", unless expressly specified otherwise. [0091] The enumerated listing of items does not imply that any or all of the items are mutually exclusive, unless expressly specified otherwise.

[0092] The terms "a", "an" and "the" mean "one or more", unless expressly specified otherwise. [0093] A description of an embodiment with several components in communication with each other does not imply that all such components are required. On the contrary a variety of optional components are described to illustrate the wide variety of possible embodiments of the invention.

[0094] When a single device or article is described herein, it will be readily apparent that more than one device/article (whether or not they cooperate) may be used in place of a single device/article. Similarly, where more than one device or article is described herein (whether or not they cooperate), it will be readily apparent that a single device/article may be used in place of the more than one device or article or a different number of devices/articles may be used instead of the shown number of devices or programs. The functionality and/or the features of a device may be alternatively embodied by one or more other devices which are not explicitly described as having such functionality/features. Thus, other embodiments of the invention need not include the device itself.

[0095] The illustrated operations of Fig. 5 show certain events occurring in a certain order. In alternative embodiments, certain operations may be performed in a different order, modified or removed. Moreover, steps may be added to the above described logic and still conform to the described embodiments. Further, operations described herein may occur sequentially or certain operations may be processed in parallel. Yet further, operations may be performed by a single processing unit or by distributed processing units.

[0096] Finally, the language used in the specification has been principally selected for readability and instructional purposes, and it may not have been selected to delineate or circumscribe the inventive subject matter. It is therefore intended that the scope of the invention be limited not by this detailed description, but rather by any claims that issue on an application based here on. Accordingly, the disclosure of the embodiments of the invention is intended to be illustrative, but not limiting, of the scope of the invention, which is set forth in the following claims.

[0097] While various aspects and embodiments have been disclosed herein, other aspects and embodiments will be apparent to those skilled in the art. The various aspects and embodiments disclosed herein are for purposes of illustration and are not intended to be limiting, with the true scope and spirit being indicated by the following claims.

Referral Numerals:

Claims

The Claims:

1. A method of communication in a narrow band (NB) internet of things (IoT) time division duplexing (TDD) mode for in-band, standalone band and guard band deployments, the method comprising:

a. receiving, by a user equipment (UE), an information associated with physical random- access channel (PRACH) transmission, wherein the PRACH information is being broadcasted by a base station (BS);

b. selecting, by the UE, at least one of a single set of parameters and multiple set of parameters from the received information, wherein said parameters are at least one of frequency, time resource and any other information associated with the PRACH; c. generating, by the UE, at least one PRACH symbol using the at least one of the single set of parameters and the multiple set of parameters, wherein the frequency is in terms of multiple of 5 kHz;

d. repeating steps (b) and (c) for a predefined number of times, by the UE, to generate plurality of PRACH symbols; and

e. transmitting, by the UE, the plurality of PRACH symbols to the BS, by selecting a carrier frequency.

2. The method as claimed in claim 1 , wherein the PRACH symbol is a binary phase shift key (BPSK) symbol.

3. The method as claimed in claim 1 , wherein the multiple set of parameters comprises a plurality of single set of parameters, wherein each set of parameters is having at least one of frequency, time resource and any other information associated with the PRACH.

4. The method as claimed in claim 1 , wherein the plurality of PRACH symbols are generated with a time period of 1 ms.

5. The method as claimed in claim 1, wherein generating one or more PRACH symbols comprising:

selecting a random frequency from the at least one of the single set of parameters and the multiple sets of parameters; modulating the selected random frequency with a predefined value;

generating a PRACH symbol using the modulated selected random frequency; and performing a cyclic prefix on the generated PRACH symbols, for transmitting to the BS.

6. The method as claimed in claim 5, wherein the selected random frequency is one of 5kHz and multiples of 5kHz.

7. The method as claimed in claim 5, wherein modulating the selected random frequency is performed with one.

8. The method as claimed in claim 1, wherein generating one or more PRACH symbols further comprising:

a. selecting a random frequency from the at least one of the single set of parameters and the multiple sets of parameters;

b. modulating the selected random frequency with a predefined value;

c. generating a PRACH symbol using the modulated selected random frequency;

d. repeating steps (a) to (c) for a predefined number of iterations, to generate plurality of PRACH symbols; and

e. performing a cyclic prefix on the generated PRACH symbols, for transmitting to the BS.

9. The method as claimed in claim 8, wherein the selected random frequency is one of 5 kHz and multiples of 5 kHz.

10. The method as claimed in claim 8, wherein modulating the selected random frequency is performed with one.

11. The method as claimed in claims 1 or 8, wherein the predefined number of iterations is four.

12. The method as claimed in claim 1, wherein generating one or more PRACH symbols further comprising:

a. selecting a first random frequency from the at least one of the single set of parameters and the multiple sets of parameters; b. modulating the selected first random frequency with a predefined value; c. generating a PRACH symbol using the modulated selected first random frequency; d. repeating steps (b) to (c) for a first predefined number of times, to generate a set of PRACH symbols to form a sub-frame;

e. selecting a second random frequency from the at least one of the single set of parameters and the multiple sets of parameters and repeating steps (b) to (d) for a second predefined number of times, to generate multiple sets of PRACH symbols to form a sub-frame; and

f. performing a cyclic prefix on the generated multiple sets of PRACH symbols, for transmitting to the BS.

13. The method as claimed in claim 12, wherein the selected first random frequency is one of 5 kHz and multiples of 5 kHz.

14. The method as claimed in claim 12, wherein the second random frequency is one of 5 kHz and multiples of 5 kHz, and not same as the random frequency.

15. The method as claimed in claim 12, wherein modulating the selected first random frequency is performed with one.

16. The method as claimed in claim 12, wherein the first predefined number of times is four.

17. The method as claimed in claim 12, wherein the second predefined number is in arrange of one to hundred.

18. A communication system in a narrow band (NB) IOT time division duplexing (TDD) mode for in-band, standalone band and guard band deployments, the system comprising:

at least one transceiver comprising

a receiver, to receive an information associated with physical random access channel (PRACH) transmission from a base station (BS); and

a transmitter to transmit communication data to the BS; and

a processor configured to receive the information associated with physical random-access channel (PRACH) transmission;

select at least one of a single set of parameters and multiple set of parameters from the received information, wherein said parameters are at least one of frequency, time resource and any other information associated with the PRACH;

generate one or more PRACH symbol using the at least one of the single set of parameters and the multiple set of parameters, wherein the frequency is in terms of multiple of 5 kHz; and

transmit the generated PRACH symbols to the BS.

19. The system as claimed in claim 18, wherein the PRACH symbol is a binary phase shift key (BPSK) symbol.

20. The system as claimed in claim 18, wherein the multiple set of parameters comprises a plurality of single set of parameters, wherein each set of parameters is having at least one of frequency, time resource and any other information associated with the PRACH.

21. The system as claimed in claim 18, wherein the PRACH symbol generated is for a time period of 1 ms.

22. The system as claimed in claim 18, wherein generating one or more PRACH symbols comprising:

selecting a random frequency from the at least one of the single set of parameters and the multiple sets of parameters;

modulating the selected random frequency with a value of one;

23. The system as claimed in claim 18, wherein generating one or more PRACH symbols further comprising:

b. modulating the selected random frequency with a value one; c. generating a PRACH symbol using the modulated selected random frequency;

d. repeating steps (a) to (c) for a predefined number of times, to generate plurality of PRACH symbols; and

24. The system as claimed in claim 23, wherein the predefined number is four.

25. The system as claimed in claim 18, wherein generating one or more PRACH symbols further comprising:

a. selecting a first random frequency from the at least one of the single set of parameters and the multiple sets of parameters;

b. modulating the selected first random frequency with a predefined value;

c. generating a PRACH symbol using the modulated selected first random frequency; d. repeating steps (b) to (c) for a first predefined number of times, to generate a set of PRACH symbols to form a sub-frame;

e. selecting a second random frequency from the at least one of the single set of parameters and the multiple sets of parameters and repeating steps (b) to (d) for a second predefined number of times, to generate multiple sets of PRACH symbols to form a frame; and

26. The system as claimed in claim 25, wherein the selected first random frequency is one of 5 kHz and multiples of 5 kHz.

27. The system as claimed in claim 25, wherein modulating the selected first random frequency is performed with one.

28. The system as claimed in claim 25, wherein the second random frequency is one of 5 kHz and multiples of 5 kHz, and not same as the first random frequency.

29. The system as claimed in claim 25, wherein the first predefined number is four.

0. The system as claimed in claim 25, wherein the second predefined number is in arrang to hundred.