WO2018072518A1 - 电池充电机与充电设施灵活配置的充换电站 - Google Patents

电池充电机与充电设施灵活配置的充换电站 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2018072518A1
WO2018072518A1 PCT/CN2017/095005 CN2017095005W WO2018072518A1 WO 2018072518 A1 WO2018072518 A1 WO 2018072518A1 CN 2017095005 W CN2017095005 W CN 2017095005W WO 2018072518 A1 WO2018072518 A1 WO 2018072518A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
charging
battery
charger
battery pack
electrically connected
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/CN2017/095005
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
徐红刚
张建兴
陈炯
Original Assignee
蔚来汽车有限公司
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Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by 蔚来汽车有限公司 filed Critical 蔚来汽车有限公司
Publication of WO2018072518A1 publication Critical patent/WO2018072518A1/zh

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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L53/00—Methods of charging batteries, specially adapted for electric vehicles; Charging stations or on-board charging equipment therefor; Exchange of energy storage elements in electric vehicles
    • B60L53/80—Exchanging energy storage elements, e.g. removable batteries
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L53/00—Methods of charging batteries, specially adapted for electric vehicles; Charging stations or on-board charging equipment therefor; Exchange of energy storage elements in electric vehicles
    • B60L53/30—Constructional details of charging stations
    • B60L53/31—Charging columns specially adapted for electric vehicles
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
    • H02J7/02—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries for charging batteries from ac mains by converters
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L2200/00—Type of vehicles
    • B60L2200/24—Personal mobility vehicles
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J2310/00—The network for supplying or distributing electric power characterised by its spatial reach or by the load
    • H02J2310/40—The network being an on-board power network, i.e. within a vehicle
    • H02J2310/48—The network being an on-board power network, i.e. within a vehicle for electric vehicles [EV] or hybrid vehicles [HEV]
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
    • H02J7/0013—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries acting upon several batteries simultaneously or sequentially
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
    • Y02T10/60—Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
    • Y02T10/70—Energy storage systems for electromobility, e.g. batteries
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
    • Y02T10/60—Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
    • Y02T10/7072—Electromobility specific charging systems or methods for batteries, ultracapacitors, supercapacitors or double-layer capacitors
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T90/00—Enabling technologies or technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02T90/10—Technologies relating to charging of electric vehicles
    • Y02T90/12—Electric charging stations

Definitions

  • the invention belongs to the field of charging and replacing electric vehicles, and particularly provides a charging and replacing power station with a battery charger and a charging facility flexibly configured.
  • the present invention provides a battery.
  • a charging and discharging station with a flexible configuration of a charging device and a charging device wherein the charging and discharging station comprises the battery charger, an electric switch, a battery pack capable of being electrically connected to the battery through the electric switch, and capable of passing
  • the charging switch is electrically connected to the charging device of the battery, the electrical switch capable of disconnecting the battery charger from the charging facility while being electrically connected to the battery pack, or The battery charger is disconnected from the battery pack while being electrically connected to the charging facility.
  • the charging and replacing station further includes a control system electrically connected to the battery charger, the battery pack, the electrical switch, and the charging facility, respectively;
  • the control system is for controlling the electrical switch such that The battery charger is disconnected from the charging facility when the battery pack is turned on, or disconnected from the battery pack when the battery charger is electrically connected to the charging facility.
  • the electric switch includes a first contactor and a second contactor, and the battery pack is electrically connected to the battery through the first contactor, and the charging facility passes The second contactor is electrically coupled to the battery; the control system is configured to control the electrical switch such that the second contactor is opened when the first contactor is closed, or the first The first contactor is disconnected when the two contactors are closed.
  • the charging station further includes an electrical interlock system for preventing the first contactor and the second contactor from being simultaneously closed.
  • the electric switch includes a first single pole double throw relay and a second single pole double throw relay, and a positive pole of the battery charger passes through the first single pole double throw relay respectively a positive pole of the battery pack or a positive pole of the charging facility, the negative pole of the battery charger being electrically connected to a negative pole of the battery pack or a negative pole of the charging facility by the second single pole double throw relay; a control system for controlling the electrical switch such that a positive pole of the battery charger passes through the second one when the first single pole double throw relay is electrically connected to a positive pole of the battery pack a single pole double throw relay electrically connected to a negative pole of the battery pack, or a positive pole of the battery charger when the positive pole of the battery charger is electrically connected to a positive pole of the charging facility through the first single pole double throw relay
  • the second single pole double throw relay is electrically connected to a negative pole of the charging facility.
  • the charging and replacing station further includes an electrical interlock system for simultaneously using the first single pole double throw relay and the second single pole double throw relay
  • the battery charger can only be turned on with one of the battery pack and the charging facility when in operation.
  • the electrical switch is a double pole double throw relay for selectively connecting the battery charger to the battery pack and the charging One of the facilities.
  • the charging station includes a plurality of the battery chargers, the plurality of battery chargers being electrically connectable to the charging facility or the battery pack in parallel.
  • the battery charger is a DC charger and/or the charging facility is a DC charging post.
  • the charging and replacing station further includes a battery management system, the control system is electrically connected to the battery pack through the battery management system; and/or the charging and discharging station further includes a human-computer interaction interface, the human-computer interaction interface is configured to display operating parameters of the battery charger, the battery pack, and the charging facility.
  • the DC charger is electrically connected to the battery pack and the DC charging pile through the electric switch, so that the control system can control when the battery pack is fully charged.
  • the electric switch disconnects the DC charger from the battery pack, and turns on the DC charger and the DC charging pile, so that the DC charger directly charges the electric vehicle.
  • the battery pack and the DC charging post cannot be simultaneously connected to the DC charger through the electrical interlock system. Therefore, the power station of the present invention can utilize the DC charger of the power station to the greatest extent, reduce the peak-to-valley fluctuation of the power supply and distribution, reduce the construction cost of the surrounding DC charging pile, and reduce the pressure of the regional power supply and distribution.
  • 1 is a first embodiment of a charging and replacing station of a battery charger and a charging pile of the present invention
  • 2 is a second embodiment of the charging and replacing station of the battery charger and the charging pile of the present invention
  • Fig. 3 is a third embodiment of the charging and discharging station in which the battery charger and the charging pile of the present invention are flexibly arranged.
  • the terms “installation”, “connected”, and “connected” are to be understood broadly, and may be fixed connections, for example, or It is a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can be directly connected or indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, and can be turned on inside the two elements.
  • the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood on a case-by-case basis.
  • the charging and discharging station of the present invention includes a DC charger 1, a DC charging pile 2, a battery pack 3, a control system 4, and a BMS (Battery Management System).
  • the input end of the DC charger 1 is connected to the three-phase alternating current, and the three-phase alternating current is converted into direct current through the DC charger 1 for use in charging and replacing the power station.
  • the output of the DC charger 1 is electrically connected to the DC charging post 2 and the battery pack 3, respectively, via an electric switch (described in detail below), and the DC charger 1 cannot be simultaneously turned on with the DC charging post 2 and the battery pack 3.
  • the control system 4 is electrically connected to the DC charger 1 and the DC charging pile 2, respectively, and the control system 4 is also electrically connected to the battery pack 3 through the BMS, so that the control system 4 and the DC charger 1, the DC charging pile 2 and the battery pack 3, respectively A communication relationship is established between the control system 4 to monitor the operation of the DC charger 1, the DC charging post 2, and the battery pack 3.
  • the control system 4 monitors at least the output current, output voltage and temperature information of the DC charger 1, monitors at least the output power and temperature information of the charging pile 2, and monitors at least the state of charge (SOC) and temperature information of the battery pack 3.
  • SOC state of charge
  • control system 4 can also be electrically connected to the electrical switch (this connection is not shown) so that the control system 4 can control the electrical switch to automatically cut off the connection of the DC charger 1 to the battery pack 3 when the battery pack 3 is fully charged. And the DC charger 1 and the DC charging pile 2 are turned on; when the battery pack 3 needs to be charged, the connection between the DC charger 1 and the DC charging pile 2 is automatically cut off, and the DC charger 1 and the battery pack 3 are turned on.
  • the charging and replacing station of the present invention is implemented by the DC charger 1 and the DC charging pile 2, it is obvious that the charger and the charging pile are not limited to the direct current, but may also be an alternating current charger. And / or AC charging pile; and, DC
  • the number of the charger 1, the DC charging post 2, and the battery pack 3 is not limited to one shown in Figs. 1 to 3, and the number thereof may be any value.
  • the charging and replacing station of the present invention may further include a human-machine interaction interface (not shown) for displaying the charging state of the battery pack 3 in the charging and replacing station and the output power of the DC charging pile 2.
  • Information or a person skilled in the art can also display other information on the human-computer interaction interface as needed, for example, the charging cost of the electric car and the like.
  • the operator can also control the number of DC chargers 1 connected in parallel to the DC charging pile 2 through the human-machine interaction interface to meet the requirement of the DC charging pile 2 outputting different powers.
  • this figure shows a first embodiment of the charging and replacing station of the present invention.
  • the DC charger 1 is electrically connected to the battery pack 3 via the first contactor 5, and is electrically connected to the DC charging post 2 via the second contactor 6.
  • the DC charger 1 is electrically connected to the battery pack 3 when the first contactor 5 is closed, the DC charger 1 is disconnected from the battery pack 3 when the first contactor 5 is disconnected, and the DC charging is performed when the second contactor 6 is closed.
  • the machine 1 is electrically connected to the DC charging pile 2, and when the second contactor 6 is disconnected, the DC charger 1 is disconnected from the DC charging pile 2.
  • the charging and discharging station in this embodiment is also provided with an electrical interlocking system (not shown).
  • the electrical interlock system may be a structurally associated device of the first contactor 5 and the second contactor 6, or may be the first contact by setting an interlocking procedure in the control system.
  • the second contactor 6 is interlocked, that is, the second contactor 6 is opened when the first contactor 5 is closed, and the second contactor 6 is closed when the first contactor 5 is opened.
  • first contactor 5 can be a single two-way electrical switch structure, or two single-channel electrical switches, such as the first switch 51 and the second switch 52 in FIG. 1;
  • second contactor 6 can be a single two-way electrical switch structure, or two single-channel electrical switches, such as the third switch 61 and the fourth switch 62 in FIG.
  • this figure shows a second embodiment of the charge and replace station of the present invention.
  • the anode of the DC charger 1 is electrically connected to the anode of the battery pack 3 or the anode of the DC charging pile 2 through the first single pole double throw relay 7, and the cathode of the DC charger 1 passes the second single pole double throw relay 8 It is electrically connected to the negative electrode of the battery pack 3 or the negative electrode of the DC charging post 2.
  • the first single pole double throw relay 7 includes a first free end 71, a first contact 72 and a second contact 73;
  • the second single pole double throw relay 8 includes a second free end 81, a third contact 82 and a fourth contact 83.
  • the charging station is also provided with an electrical interlock system (not shown). It will be understood by those skilled in the art that the electrical interlock system may be a structurally associated device of the first single pole double throw relay 7 and the second single pole double throw relay 8, or may be configured by setting an interlock program in the control system.
  • the first single pole double throw relay 7 and the second single pole double throw relay 8 are interlocked, that is, when the first free end 71 and the first contact 72 are closed, the second free end 81 can only be simultaneously with the third contact 82 Closing; when the first free end 71 and the second contact 73 are closed, the second free end 81 can only be closed simultaneously with the fourth contact 83; in order to shorten the gap between the DC charger 1 and the DC charging post 2 or the battery pack 3
  • the conduction time is avoided, and the occurrence of leakage due to the untimely switching of the first free end 71 or the second free end 81 is avoided.
  • the DC charger 1 is electrically connected to the battery pack 3 and the DC charging post 2 through the double pole double throw relay 9, respectively.
  • the double pole double throw relay 9 includes a free end 91, a first double contact 92 and a second double contact 93.
  • the free end 91 is electrically connected to the DC charger 1, and the first double contact 92 is electrically connected to the battery pack 3.
  • the second double contact 93 is electrically connected to the DC charging post 2 .
  • the free end 91 and the first double contact 92 are closed, the DC charger 1 is electrically connected to the battery pack 3; when the free end 91 and the second double contact 93 are closed, the DC charger 1 is electrically connected to the DC charging post 2 .
  • the charging and replacing station of the present invention by a DC charger 1, a DC charging pile 2 and a battery pack 3, it is obvious in practical application.
  • the number of the DC charger 1, the DC charging pile 2 and the battery pack 3 can be any value as needed, and the DC charger 1 can also collectively charge one battery pack 3 in parallel, or multiple parallel through the DC charging pile. 2 Charge the electric car to improve the charging efficiency of the electric car.
  • control system can also be implemented using a variety of hardware well known to those skilled in the art, such as various types of controllers including, but not limited to, combinatorial logic controllers and microprogram controllers.
  • the DC charger 1 in the charging and discharging station of the present invention can not only charge the battery pack 3, but also charge the electric vehicle through the DC charging pile 2 in any number of combinations. Therefore, the charging and replacing of the present invention
  • the power station can reduce peak and valley fluctuations of power supply and distribution, reduce the construction of peripheral DC chargers, and reduce the cost of electric vehicle charging and replacing facilities.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Transportation (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Charge And Discharge Circuits For Batteries Or The Like (AREA)
  • Electric Propulsion And Braking For Vehicles (AREA)

Abstract

本发明属于电动汽车充换电领域，具体提供一种电池充电机与充电桩灵活配置的换电站。本发明旨在解决现有电动汽车换电站在不工作状态下直流充电机合理利用的问题。本发明的换电站包括充电机、电开关、通过电开关与充电机电连接的电池组、通过电开关与充电机电连接的充电桩以及控制系统，该控制系统分别与充电机、电池组、电开关和充电桩电连接；控制系统用于控制电开关，使充电机与电池组导通时充电机与充电桩断开，或者使充电机与充电桩导通时充电机与电池组断开。相应地，本发明的换电站在电池组充满电时，充电机能够通过充电桩直接给电动汽车充电，因此降低了供配电的峰谷波动，减少了周边直流充电桩的建设成本。

Description

电池充电机与充电设施灵活配置的充换电站 技术领域
本发明属于电动汽车充换电领域，具体提供一种电池充电机与充电设施灵活配置的充换电站。
背景技术
随着电动汽车产业的快速发展，电动汽车充电站和换电站正在被快速地建设，对应的交流充电桩、直流快速充电桩、电动汽车换电站的建设数量也越来越多，覆盖面也越来越大。
对于电动乘用车换电站来说，其工作具有间歇性，例如，在夜间或某个时间段内没有电动乘用车换电时，换电站是不工作的，此时如果电动乘用车换电站的备用电池在充满电的情况下，其直流充电机处于不工作状态，造成了资源浪费；如果在电动乘用车换电站周围建设新的直流快速充电桩，会存在同时用电负荷大，电动乘用车换电站供配电系统峰谷值的波动性很大，对电动乘用车换电站所在的场所存在建设难度过大、资源重复建设等问题。
相应地，本领域需要一种新的换电站来解决上述问题。
发明内容
为了解决现有技术中的上述问题，即为了解决现有电动汽车换电站在不工作状态下直流充电机合理利用的问题和换电站与直流充电桩结合应用的问题，本发明提供了一种电池充电机与充电设施灵活配置的充换电站，其特征在于，所述充换电站包括所述电池充电机、电开关、能够通过所述电开关与所述电池充电机电连接的电池组以及能够通过所述电开关与所述电池充电机电连接的所述充电设施，所述电开关能够使所述电池充电机在与所述电池组导通的同时与所述充电设施断开，或者使所述电池充电机在与所述充电设施导通的同时与所述电池组断开。
在上述充换电站的优选实施方式中，所述充换电站还包括控制系统，所述控制系统分别与所述电池充电机、所述电池组、所述电开关和所述充电设施电连接；所述控制系统用于控制所述电开关，从而使 所述电池充电机与所述电池组导通时与所述充电设施断开，或者使所述电池充电机与所述充电设施导通时与所述电池组断开。
在上述充换电站的优选实施方式中，所述电开关包括第一接触器和第二接触器，所述电池组通过所述第一接触器与所述电池充电机电连接，所述充电设施通过所述第二接触器与所述电池充电机电连接；所述控制系统用于控制所述电开关，从而使所述第一接触器闭合时所述第二接触器断开，或者使所述第二接触器闭合时所述第一接触器断开。
在上述充换电站的优选实施方式中，所述充换电站还包括电气互锁系统，所述电气互锁系统用于使所述第一接触器和所述第二接触器不能同时闭合。
在上述充换电站的优选实施方式中，所述电开关包括第一单刀双掷继电器和第二单刀双掷继电器，所述电池充电机的正极通过所述第一单刀双掷继电器分别与所述电池组的正极或所述充电设施的正极电连接，所述电池充电机的负极通过所述第二单刀双掷继电器分别与所述电池组的负极或所述充电设施的负极电连接；所述控制系统用于控制所述电开关，从而使所述电池充电机的正极通过所述第一单刀双掷继电器与所述电池组的正极电连接时所述电池充电机的负极通过所述第二单刀双掷继电器与所述电池组的负极电连接，或者使所述电池充电机的正极通过所述第一单刀双掷继电器与所述充电设施的正极电连接时所述电池充电机的负极通过所述第二单刀双掷继电器与所述充电设施的负极电连接。
在上述充换电站的优选实施方式中，所述充换电站还包括电气互锁系统，所述电气互锁系统用于在所述第一单刀双掷继电器和所述第二单刀双掷继电器同时动作时使所述电池充电机只能与所述电池组和所述充电设施中的一个导通。
在上述充换电站的优选实施方式中，所述电开关是双刀双掷继电器，所述双刀双掷继电器用于选择性地将所述电池充电机连接到所述电池组和所述充电设施中的一个。
在上述充换电站的优选实施方式中，所述充换电站包括多个所述电池充电机，所述多个电池充电机能够以并联方式与所述充电设施或所述电池组电连接。
在上述充换电站的优选实施方式中，所述电池充电机是直流充电机，并且/或者所述充电设施是直流充电桩。
在上述充换电站的优选实施方式中，所述充换电站还包括电池管理系统，所述控制系统通过所述电池管理系统与所述电池组电连接；并且/或者所述充换电站还包括人机交互界面，所述人机交互界面用于显示所述电池充电机、所述电池组和所述充电设施的运行参数。
本领域技术人员能够理解的是，在本发明的优选技术方案中，通过电开关将直流充电机分别与电池组和直流充电桩电连接，使得换电站在电池组充满电时，控制系统能够控制电开关将直流充电机与电池组断开连接，并将直流充电机与直流充电桩导通，使直流充电机直接为电动汽车充电。进一步，通过电气互锁系统使电池组和直流充电桩不能同时与直流充电机连通。因此，本发明的换电站能够最大程度地利用换电站的直流充电机，降低供配电的峰谷波动，减少周边直流充电桩的建设成本，减小区域供配电的压力。
附图说明
图1是本发明的电池充电机与充电桩灵活配置的充换电站的第一种实施方式；
图2是本发明的电池充电机与充电桩灵活配置的充换电站的第二种实施方式；
图3是本发明的电池充电机与充电桩灵活配置的充换电站的第三种实施方式。
具体实施方式
下面参照附图来描述本发明的优选实施方式。本领域技术人员应当理解的是，这些实施方式仅仅用于解释本发明的技术原理，并非旨在限制本发明的保护范围。例如，虽然附图中仅有一个直流充电桩、一个电池组和一个直流充电机，但是很明显直流充电桩、电池组和直流充电机的数量不仅限于此，还可以是任意数量，本领域技术人员可以根据需要对其作出调整，以便适应具体的应用场合。
需要说明的是，在本发明的描述中，术语“中心”、“上”、“下”、“左”、“右”、“竖直”、“水平”、“内”、“外”等指 示的方向或位置关系的术语是基于附图所示的方向或位置关系，这仅仅是为了便于描述，而不是指示或暗示所述装置或元件必须具有特定的方位、以特定的方位构造和操作，因此不能理解为对本发明的限制。此外，术语“第一”、“第二”、“第三”仅用于描述目的，而不能理解为指示或暗示相对重要性。
此外，还需要说明的是，在本发明的描述中，除非另有明确的规定和限定，术语“安装”、“相连”、“连接”应做广义理解，例如，可以是固定连接，也可以是可拆卸连接，或一体地连接；可以是机械连接，也可以是电连接；可以是直接相连，也可以通过中间媒介间接相连，可以是两个元件内部的导通。对于本领域技术人员而言，可根据具体情况理解上述术语在本发明中的具体含义。
如图1至图3所示，本发明的充换电站包括：直流充电机1、直流充电桩2、电池组3、控制系统4和BMS(电池管理系统)。直流充电机1的输入端与三相交流电连接，三相交流电通过直流充电机1后转变成直流电，以供充换电站使用。直流充电机1的输出端通过电开关(下文将详细描述)分别与直流充电桩2和电池组3电连接，并且直流充电机1不能与直流充电桩2和电池组3同时导通。控制系统4分别与直流充电机1和直流充电桩2电连接，并且控制系统4还通过BMS与电池组3电连接，使控制系统4分别与直流充电机1、直流充电桩2和电池组3之间建立通讯关系，以便控制系统4能够监测直流充电机1、直流充电桩2和电池组3的工作情况。其中，控制系统4至少监测直流充电机1的输出电流、输出电压和温度信息，至少监控充电桩2的输出功率和温度信息，至少监控电池组3的充电状态(SOC)和温度信息。进一步，控制系统4还可以与电开关电连接(图中未示出这种连接)，以便控制系统4能够在电池组3充满电时控制电开关自动切断直流充电机1与电池组3的连接，并将直流充电机1与直流充电桩2导通；在电池组3需要充电时，自动切断直流充电机1与直流充电桩2的连接，并将直流充电机1与电池组3导通。
本领域技术人员能够理解的是，虽然本发明的充换电站是以直流充电机1和直流充电桩2作为实施对象的，但是很明显充电机和充电桩不仅限于直流，还可以是交流充电机和/或交流充电桩；并且，直流 充电机1、直流充电桩2和电池组3的数量不仅限于图1至图3中所示的一个，其数量可以是任意值。
进一步，本发明的充换电站还可以包括人机交互界面(图中未示出)，该人机交互界面用于显示充换电站内电池组3的充电状态和直流充电桩2的输出功率等信息，或者本领域技术人员还可以根据需要在人机交互界面上显示其他信息，例如，电动汽车的充电费用等。更进一步，操作人员还可以通过人机交互界面控制并联接入直流充电桩2的直流充电机1的数量，以满足直流充电桩2输出不同功率的需求。
如图1所示，该图示出了本发明的充换电站的第一种实施方式。在该实施例中，直流充电机1通过第一接触器5与电池组3电连接，通过第二接触器6与直流充电桩2电连接。当第一接触器5闭合时直流充电机1与电池组3导通，当第一接触器5断开时直流充电机1与电池组3断开连接；当第二接触器6闭合时直流充电机1与直流充电桩2导通，当第二接触器6断开时直流充电机1与直流充电桩2断开连接。为了避免第一接触器5和第二接触器6同时闭合，该实施方式中的充换电站还设置有电气互锁系统(图中未示出)。本领域技术人员能够理解的是，电气互锁系统可以是第一接触器5和第二接触器6在结构上相关联的装置，也可以是通过在控制系统中设置互锁程序将第一接触器5和第二接触器6进行互锁，即当第一接触器5闭合时第二接触器6断开，当第一接触器5断开时第二接触器6闭合。本领域技术人员容易理解的是，第一接触器5可以是一个单独的双路电开关结构，也可以是两个单路电开关，如图1中的第一开关51和第二开关52；类似地，第二接触器6可以是一个单独的双路电开关结构，也可以是两个单路电开关，如图1中的第三开关61和第四开关62。
如图2所示，该图示出了本发明的充换电站的第二种实施方式。在该实施例中，直流充电机1的正极通过第一单刀双掷继电器7与电池组3的正极或直流充电桩2的正极电连接，直流充电机1的负极通过第二单刀双掷继电器8与电池组3的负极或直流充电桩2的负极电连接。第一单刀双掷继电器7包括第一自由端71、第一触点72和第二触点73；第二单刀双掷继电器8包括第二自由端81、第三触点82和第四触点83。当第一自由端71与第一触点72闭合，第二自由端81与第三触点82闭合时，直流充电机1和电池组3导通；当第一自由端71与第二触点73 闭合，第二自由端81与第四触点83闭合时，直流充电机1和直流充电桩2导通。在该实施方式中，充换电站还设置有电气互锁系统(图中未示出)。本领域技术人员能够理解的是，电气互锁系统可以是第一单刀双掷继电器7和第二单刀双掷继电器8在结构上相关联的装置，也可以是通过在控制系统中设置互锁程序将第一单刀双掷继电器7和第二单刀双掷继电器8进行互锁，即当第一自由端71与第一触点72闭合时，第二自由端81只能与第三触点82同时闭合；当第一自由端71与第二触点73闭合时，第二自由端81只能与第四触点83同时闭合；以便缩短直流充电机1与直流充电桩2或电池组3之间的导通时间，同时避免了因第一自由端71或第二自由端81切换不及时而导致漏电情况的发生。
如图3所示，该图示出了本发明的充换电站的第三种实施方式。在该实施例中，直流充电机1通过双刀双掷继电器9分别与电池组3和直流充电桩2电连接。具体地，双刀双掷继电器9包括自由端91、第一双触点92和第二双触点93，自由端91与直流充电机1电连接，第一双触点92与电池组3电连接，第二双触点93与直流充电桩2电连接。当自由端91与第一双触点92闭合时，直流充电机1与电池组3导通；当自由端91与第二双触点93闭合时，直流充电机1与直流充电桩2导通。
本领域技术人员能够理解的是，虽然上述三种实施例都是以一个直流充电机1、一个直流充电桩2和一个电池组3对本发明的充换电站进行说明的，但是很明显在实际应用当中，直流充电机1、直流充电桩2和电池组3的数量可以根据需要是任意值，并且直流充电机1还可以多个并联共同给一个电池组3充电，或者多个并联通过直流充电桩2给电动汽车充电，以提高电动汽车的充电效率。
进一步，除了图1至图3的三种实施方式外，本领域技术人员还可以采用其他连接方式将直流充电机1分别与直流充电桩2和电池组3连接在一起，只要保证充换电站优先给电池组3充电，并且充电机1不能同时与直流充电桩2和电池组3导通即可。基于此，用户可以使用直流充电桩2的预约充电服务，当直流充电机1为电池组3完成充电后，便自动切换到为电动汽车提供充电服务的状态。此外，控制系统也可以采用本领域技术人员熟知的各种硬件来实现，例如各种类型的控制器，包括但不限于组合逻辑控制器和微程序控制器等。
综上所述，本发明的充换电站中的直流充电机1不仅可以为电池组3进行充电，还可以任意数量组合并联地通过直流充电桩2给电动汽车充电，因此，本发明的充换电站能够降低供配电的峰谷波动，减少周边直流充电机的建设，降低了电动汽车充换电配套设施的成本。
至此，已经结合附图所示的优选实施方式描述了本发明的技术方案，但是，本领域技术人员容易理解的是，本发明的保护范围显然不局限于这些具体实施方式。在不偏离本发明的原理的前提下，本领域技术人员可以对相关技术特征作出等同的更改或替换，这些更改或替换之后的技术方案都将落入本发明的保护范围之内。

Claims (10)

  1. 一种电池充电机与充电设施灵活配置的充换电站，其特征在于，所述充换电站包括所述电池充电机、电开关、能够通过所述电开关与所述电池充电机电连接的电池组以及能够通过所述电开关与所述电池充电机电连接的所述充电设施，
    所述电开关能够使所述电池充电机在与所述电池组导通的同时与所述充电设施断开，或者使所述电池充电机在与所述充电设施导通的同时与所述电池组断开。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的电池充电机与充电设施灵活配置的充换电站，其特征在于，所述充换电站还包括控制系统，所述控制系统分别与所述电池充电机、所述电池组、所述电开关和所述充电设施电连接；
    所述控制系统用于控制所述电开关，从而使所述电池充电机与所述电池组导通时与所述充电设施断开，或者使所述电池充电机与所述充电设施导通时与所述电池组断开。
  3. 根据权利要求2所述的电池充电机与充电设施灵活配置的充换电站，其特征在于，所述电开关包括第一接触器和第二接触器，所述电池组通过所述第一接触器与所述电池充电机电连接，所述充电设施通过所述第二接触器与所述电池充电机电连接；
    所述控制系统用于控制所述电开关，从而使所述第一接触器闭合时所述第二接触器断开，或者使所述第二接触器闭合时所述第一接触器断开。
  4. 根据权利要求3所述的电池组充电机与充电设施灵活配置的充换电站，其特征在于，所述充换电站还包括电气互锁系统，所述电气互锁系统用于使所述第一接触器和所述第二接触器不能同时闭合。
  5. 根据权利要求2所述的电池充电机与充电设施灵活配置的充换电站，其特征在于，所述电开关包括第一单刀双掷继电器和第二单刀双掷继电器，所述电池充电机的正极通过所述第一单刀双掷继电器分别与所 述电池组的正极或所述充电设施的正极电连接，所述电池充电机的负极通过所述第二单刀双掷继电器分别与所述电池组的负极或所述充电设施的负极电连接；
    所述控制系统用于控制所述电开关，从而使所述电池充电机的正极通过所述第一单刀双掷继电器与所述电池组的正极电连接时所述电池充电机的负极通过所述第二单刀双掷继电器与所述电池组的负极电连接，或者使所述电池充电机的正极通过所述第一单刀双掷继电器与所述充电设施的正极电连接时所述电池充电机的负极通过所述第二单刀双掷继电器与所述充电设施的负极电连接。
  6. 根据权利要求5所述的电池充电机与充电设施灵活配置的充换电站，其特征在于，所述充换电站还包括电气互锁系统，所述电气互锁系统用于在所述第一单刀双掷继电器和所述第二单刀双掷继电器同时动作时使所述电池充电机只能与所述电池组和所述充电设施中的一个导通。
  7. 根据权利要求1所述的电池充电机与充电设施灵活配置的充换电站，其特征在于，所述电开关是双刀双掷继电器，所述双刀双掷继电器用于选择性地将所述电池充电机连接到所述电池组和所述充电设施中的一个。
  8. 根据权利要求1所述的电池充电机与充电设施灵活配置的充换电站，其特征在于，所述充换电站包括多个所述电池充电机，所述多个电池充电机能够以并联方式与所述充电设施或所述电池组电连接。
  9. 根据权利要求8所述的电池充电机与充电设施灵活配置的充换电站，其特征在于，所述电池充电机是直流充电机，并且/或者所述充电设施是直流充电桩。
  10. 根据权利要求2至9中任一项所述的电池组充电机与充电设施灵活配置的充换电站，其特征在于，所述充换电站还包括电池管理系统，所述控制系统通过所述电池管理系统与所述电池组电连接；并且/或者
    所述充换电站还包括人机交互界面，所述人机交互界面用于显示所述电池充电机、所述电池组和所述充电设施的运行参数。
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WO2024067865A1 (zh) * 2022-09-30 2024-04-04 奥动新能源汽车科技有限公司 换电站、充电控制方法、电子设备及计算机存储介质

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