WO2018072455A1 - 电能表及其校验方法、存储介质 - Google Patents

电能表及其校验方法、存储介质 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2018072455A1
WO2018072455A1 PCT/CN2017/087622 CN2017087622W WO2018072455A1 WO 2018072455 A1 WO2018072455 A1 WO 2018072455A1 CN 2017087622 W CN2017087622 W CN 2017087622W WO 2018072455 A1 WO2018072455 A1 WO 2018072455A1
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WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
electric energy
control module
data
metering
energy meter
Prior art date
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Ceased
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PCT/CN2017/087622
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
郜波
姜洪浪
王爽
王晓东
段晓萌
赵婷
罗冉冉
左嘉
姬云涛
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China Electric Power Research Institute Co Ltd CEPRI
State Grid Corp of China SGCC
Original Assignee
China Electric Power Research Institute Co Ltd CEPRI
State Grid Corp of China SGCC
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Application filed by China Electric Power Research Institute Co Ltd CEPRI, State Grid Corp of China SGCC filed Critical China Electric Power Research Institute Co Ltd CEPRI
Priority to GB1805549.1A priority Critical patent/GB2565177B/en
Priority to DE112017000227.3T priority patent/DE112017000227T5/de
Publication of WO2018072455A1 publication Critical patent/WO2018072455A1/zh
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Ceased legal-status Critical Current

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    • G—PHYSICS
    • G06—COMPUTING OR CALCULATING; COUNTING
    • G06F—ELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
    • G06F8/00—Arrangements for software engineering
    • G06F8/60—Software deployment
    • G06F8/65—Updates
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G07—CHECKING-DEVICES
    • G07F—COIN-FREED OR LIKE APPARATUS
    • G07F15/00—Coin-freed apparatus with meter-controlled dispensing of liquid, gas or electricity
    • G07F15/003—Coin-freed apparatus with meter-controlled dispensing of liquid, gas or electricity for electricity
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
    • G01R22/00—Arrangements for measuring time integral of electric power or current, e.g. electricity meters
    • G01R22/06—Arrangements for measuring time integral of electric power or current, e.g. electricity meters by electronic methods
    • G01R22/061—Details of electronic electricity meters
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
    • G01R35/00—Testing or calibrating of apparatus covered by the other groups of this subclass
    • G01R35/04—Testing or calibrating of apparatus covered by the other groups of this subclass of instruments for measuring time integral of power or current
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G06—COMPUTING OR CALCULATING; COUNTING
    • G06Q—INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGY [ICT] SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR ADMINISTRATIVE, COMMERCIAL, FINANCIAL, MANAGERIAL OR SUPERVISORY PURPOSES; SYSTEMS OR METHODS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR ADMINISTRATIVE, COMMERCIAL, FINANCIAL, MANAGERIAL OR SUPERVISORY PURPOSES, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • G06Q20/00—Payment architectures, schemes or protocols
    • G06Q20/08—Payment architectures
    • G06Q20/14—Payment architectures specially adapted for billing systems
    • G06Q20/145—Payments according to the detected use or quantity

Definitions

  • the invention relates to the field of electric service, and particularly relates to an electric energy meter with a metering part and a management part, a verification method thereof and a storage medium.
  • the electric energy meter is a meter used to measure electric energy, and is also called an electric meter, a fire meter, a kilowatt hour meter, and a meter for measuring various electric quantities.
  • an electric meter that is, the international recommendations issued by the International Legal Metrology Organization
  • the design scheme of the existing smart energy meter is to design functions for measurement, storage, clock, display, billing, fee control, communication, event recording, remote upgrade, etc. as a whole, and once the subsequent functions need to be changed, it will have to be replaced again.
  • the electric energy meter causes great waste.
  • the existing energy meter will directly affect the accuracy of the metering part when the software or hardware encounters a loophole, resulting in the power not being traced and easily causing power disputes.
  • the future energy billing methods are diversified, and the characteristics of uncertainty make the contradiction between the management department's curing requirements and the user's functional requirements constantly changing. Therefore, it is necessary to meet the needs of the current situation. Electric energy meter.
  • embodiments of the present invention have been proposed in order to provide an electric energy meter and an inspection thereof that are independent of the metering part and the management part, which overcomes the above problems or at least partially solves the above problems. Certificate method and computer storage medium.
  • an energy meter that is independent of a metering part and a management part is provided, including a metering control module and a management control module.
  • the metering control module is configured to collect and calculate power data, and send the collected and calculated power data to the management control module;
  • the management control module is configured to implement rate control, and calculates charging data according to the rate and the received power data.
  • the power data includes a positive active energy, a reverse active energy, and a basic power freezing time, wherein a freezing time corresponding to each freezing point is not greater than a first preset time, and the storage depth of the power data is not Less than the second preset duration.
  • the metering control module includes:
  • the acquisition calculation unit is configured to collect and calculate the electric energy data, directly collect the voltage and current data by using the metering chip, and calculate the electric energy according to the collected voltage and current data;
  • a data communication unit configured to send the power data to the management control module or to trace and check the power data
  • a metering MCU configured to control the collection calculation unit and the data communication unit, and perform information interaction with the management control module by using the data communication unit.
  • the metering control module further includes:
  • a clock unit configured to provide a time reference for the time-stamped power storage in the metering control module, and when the timing standard of the management control module adopts a segmented timing charge, switch the charging standard for different time periods according to the clock unit ;
  • the management control module is configured to process and store the rate and power according to the current time of the metering control module.
  • the clock unit is powered by a replaceable clock battery or a super capacitor.
  • the metering control module further includes:
  • a metering storage unit configured to store in real time the power data generated by the acquisition computing unit and the time-stamped power generated by the time provided by the clock unit.
  • the management control module includes:
  • a rate calculation unit configured to control the rate and calculate billing data based on the received power data; and perform data update of the power data and/or the billing data to update the data After the operation ends, the charging data is checked by using the power data;
  • the remote communication unit is configured to implement information exchange between the management control module and the communication terminal and the metering control module, and receive an energy meter data update sent by the communication terminal when the power meter function requirement is changed.
  • the operation is concurrently sent to the management MCU for a program update operation;
  • the management micro control unit MCU is configured to control the rate calculation unit and the remote communication unit and perform data interaction with the remote communication unit.
  • the management control module further includes:
  • a billing storage unit configured to store rate energy, energy meter event records, and underlying freeze data.
  • the management control module further includes:
  • a human-computer interaction unit configured to perform liquid crystal display and/or voice prompts for data or operations.
  • the metering control module and the management control module are independent pluggable modules, and are connected through a pluggable communication interface.
  • the electric energy meter further includes one or more of the following components:
  • the card area is configured to be inserted into the purchase card
  • the module communication interface is configured to read energy meter energy, real-time parameters, event records, and freeze data to implement setting of energy meter parameters and remote upgrade;
  • the encryption/decryption module is configured to encrypt or decrypt the communication information of the electric energy meter
  • a trip light configured to indicate a current state, the indication current state including at least: When the light is on, it indicates a trip.
  • a method for verifying an electric energy meter comprising:
  • W T ' is the rate power indication value of the T-time management control module
  • W 0 ' is the rate power value of the management control module at the starting time
  • W T is the metering control module of the T time
  • the billing data is calculated according to the rate electric energy and the current operating rate period table and the ladder table of the electric energy meter.
  • Yet another aspect of an embodiment of the present invention provides a computer storage medium, the computer storage Computer executable instructions are stored in the medium for executing the verification method of the above energy meter.
  • the electric energy meter provided by the embodiment of the invention is at least divided into a metering control module and a management control module, and the metering control module is configured to perform energy data collection and calculation.
  • the management control module is configured to implement rate calculation and other extended functions based on the energy data, and obtain the billing data, which obviously realizes the separation of the billing management and the metering collection, so that the metering control module for calculating the energy data can be separately performed.
  • the management control module for determining the billing data is upgraded and updated, thereby solving the problem that the smart energy meter management function needs to be continuously improved in the prior art, and the management part and the metering part mutually influence each other, and overcoming the existing replacement of the electric energy meter
  • the method is to meet the customer's demand for changing the function of the electric energy meter, solves the defect that the electric energy meter has high update cost and the cumbersome upgrade process, and increases the operational stability of the electric energy meter, and the reliability and traceability of the measurement part data.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the principle of an energy meter independently of a metering part and a management part according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • a partially independent power meter including a metering control module 10 and a management control module 20, wherein:
  • the metering control module 10 is configured to collect and calculate the power data, and send the collected and calculated power data to the management control module 20.
  • the metering control module 10 can use the HT6019 series single chip microcomputer.
  • the basic energy data provided by the metering control module 10 includes positive active energy, reverse active energy, and basic energy freezing time. Each freezing point is no more than 5 minutes (min), and the storage depth is not less than 1 year.
  • the freezing point may include at least: a freezing point of the basic electric energy, and a freezing time of each of the freezing points is not longer than a first preset duration of 5 minutes, and the first preset duration may be 4 minutes, 6 minutes, or the like. Value.
  • the storage depth may be a continuous storage time of the power data, the storage depth is not less than one second, and the second preset duration may be other presets such as 2 years, 3 years, or half a year. The length of time.
  • the metering control module 10 further includes:
  • a metering MCU (Microcontroller Unit) 15 is configured to control other functional units in the metering control module and perform information interaction through the data communication unit 16.
  • the other functional units here include at least the acquisition calculation unit 11 and the data communication unit 16.
  • the metering MCU can perform information interaction with the management control module 20 through the data communication unit 16, and can also perform information interaction according to the communication terminal.
  • the terminal may include: an uplink communication terminal located on the network side to control the metering MCU.
  • the acquisition calculation unit 11 is configured to collect and calculate electrical energy data.
  • the acquisition calculation unit 11 directly collects voltage and current data by using the metering chip and calculates the electric energy according to the collected voltage and current data.
  • the metering chip can adopt a metering chip or circuit such as an ATT7026 three-phase energy metering chip.
  • the data communication unit 16 is configured to transmit power data to the management control module 20 or to trace and check the power data.
  • the data communication unit 16 can also be configured to perform real-time copying of the power data of the acquisition computing unit 11 through the remote terminal or the communication terminal, so as to facilitate the remote The verification or supervision of the terminal or the communication terminal, when the regulatory department checks the electric energy meter or when the user disputes the charging data of the electric energy table, the charging data of the management control module 20 is verified according to the electric energy data, for example, The basic energy freezing data is read, which facilitates the supervision of the measurement management department and the verification of the accounting information of the management control module 20.
  • the data communication unit 16 transmits the power data collected by the acquisition calculation unit 11 to the remote terminal, or the local communication terminal performs verification or supervision.
  • the data communication unit 16 can be a communication interface such as an integrated circuit bus inside the electric energy meter, or can be a wireless communication interface such as a Bluetooth communication interface or an infrared communication interface, and can be used for data interaction.
  • the management control module 20 is configured to implement rate control and calculate charging data according to the rate and the received power data.
  • the management control module 20 is configured to further transmit the charging data to the primary station or the remote terminal.
  • the management control module 20 may employ a central processing unit such as a STM32L151 series single chip microcomputer or a processor or processing circuit such as a digital signal processor or a programmable array.
  • the management control module 20 is configured to include:
  • the management MCU 25 is configured to control other functional units in the management control module and perform data interaction with the communication unit.
  • the rate calculation unit 21 is configured to control the rate and calculate the billing data based on the received power data.
  • the rate calculation unit 21 receives the update operation request sent from the remote communication unit 22, the data update is performed, and after the current data update operation is completed, the charge data is checked using the power data.
  • the rate calculation unit 21 may correspond to a hardware structure such as a calculator.
  • the update operation request here may be: when the power data in the meter control module 10 is updated, the power data in the management control module 20 also needs to be updated, or when the metering control module 10 is based on a remote communication terminal or a local communication terminal.
  • the energy data acquired by the current rate calculation unit 21 also needs to be updated synchronously. Therefore, after receiving the data update request, the rate calculation unit 21 performs data update and restarts after the data is updated. Based on updated energy data New billing.
  • the charging data may be abnormal and needs to be recalculated or corrected.
  • a data update request of the charging data may also be received, and the charging data needs to be updated at this time.
  • the recalculated billing data is also verified based on the current power data.
  • the remote communication unit 22 is configured to implement the information exchange between the management control module 20 and the uplink and downlink communication terminal and the measurement control module 10, and when the power meter function requirement is changed, receive the power meter data update operation sent by the communication terminal, and send it to the management.
  • the MCU 25 performs a program update operation.
  • the remote communication unit 22 can be a 485 communication or other communication module. This embodiment preferably has 485 communication.
  • the remote communication unit 22 can employ infrared communication to facilitate on-site inspection of the energy meter, specifically a communication interface connected to a network or other terminal device.
  • the uplink and downlink communication terminal herein includes: a remote control terminal connected to the upstream of the electric energy meter (for example, a remote control terminal belonging to the power station through a network), and a downlink communication terminal connected to the downstream of the electric energy meter, such as a mobile phone held by a user. .
  • the function of the power meter management control module and the metering control module is divided, and the function of the management control module can be remotely upgraded under the condition that the measurement and measurement part of the metering control module is unchanged, which satisfies the user's functional diversity of the energy meter.
  • the requirements also solve the defect of replacing the electric energy meter to meet the customer's demand for changing the function of the electric energy meter, increasing the renewal cost of the electric energy meter and cumbersome upgrading process.
  • the metering control module 10 and the management control module 20 are not only independent of each other in working principle, but also independent of each other in physical structure, and the metering control module 10 and the management control module 20 are independent pluggable modules, and the metering control is performed.
  • the module 10 and the management control module 20 can be connected through the pluggable communication interface 30. Since the metering control module 10 and the management control module 20 are in different control modules, when one of them fails, it does not affect another work. .
  • the metering control module 10 further includes a clock unit 14, the clock unit 14 configured In order to provide a time reference for the time-stamped power storage in the metering control module 10, and when the timing standard of the management control module 20 adopts the segmented timing charging, according to the clock unit 14, it is configured to switch the charging standards of different time periods, and the management control module 20. Configure to process and store rates and power based on the current time of the metering control module 10.
  • the clock unit 14 can be powered by the replaceable clock battery 17 or the super capacitor 18, which satisfies the timing requirements of the clock unit, and ensures the clock unit 14 timing stability and accuracy.
  • the clock unit 14 may include various timers for timing, for example, may include: a crystal oscillator capable of timing, and the like.
  • the metering control module 10 further includes a metering storage unit 13 configured to store in real time the amount of time-stamped power generated by the energy data generated by the acquisition computing unit 11 and the time provided by the clock unit 14.
  • the basic frozen power stored by the metering storage unit 13 can check the power fee information of the billing storage unit 23 to ensure the accuracy and traceability of the billing data.
  • the management control module 20 further includes a billing storage unit 23 configured to store rate power, power meter event records, and underlying freeze data.
  • the management control module 20 further includes:
  • the human-machine interaction unit 24 is configured to perform liquid crystal display and/or voice prompting of data or operations, for example, displaying billing data and electric energy data, and when the user recharges the electric energy meter, the voice prompts the operation result and the like.
  • the power meter may further include a card insertion area, a module communication interface, an encryption module, and a trip light, wherein: the card insertion area is configured to insert the power purchase card into the card insertion area to provide insertion for purchasing the power card. Location, to achieve user purchases, query power purchase information and other related functions.
  • the module communication interface is configured to read data such as energy meter energy, real-time parameters, event records, and frozen data, and can also implement functions such as setting energy meter parameters and remotely upgrading.
  • the encryption/decryption module is configured to encrypt or decrypt the communication information of the electric energy meter to avoid data leakage and ensure the safety of data transmission of the electric energy meter; the trip light is used to indicate the current state of the user, and when the user owes money, the relay trips and then trips The indicator lights up.
  • the electric energy meter of the embodiment of the invention can be regarded as a smart electric energy meter.
  • the management control module function can be remotely upgraded when the measurement and measurement part of the measurement control module is unchanged. It satisfies the diversified functional requirements of the electric energy meter users, avoids the replacement of the electric energy meter due to the change of the customer's functional requirements, reduces the cost of the electric energy meter charging standard update, simplifies the electric energy meter updating process, and realizes the electric energy meter function. Diversification.
  • a method for verifying a smart energy meter is further provided.
  • the method is performed by a host computer, and a voltage of 220V is applied to the smart energy meter before execution, and the current line is stabilized for at least a unit time ⁇ T.
  • the power factor is 1, and the current is stopped by the standard clock tester console body T min, preferably T min is 30 min, and the current is stopped for at least unit time ⁇ T, the method includes:
  • the smart electric energy meter read here provides any kind of electric energy meter for the foregoing embodiment, and may also be referred to as being Measuring electric energy meter;
  • W T ', W 0 ' respectively correspond to the T-time and the start time management control module rate power indication value
  • W T and W 0 respectively correspond to the T-time and the start time measurement control module basic frozen power indication value
  • the billing data is calculated according to the current operating rate schedule and the ladder table of the rate electric energy and electric energy meter.
  • the intelligent electric energy meter inspection method provided by the above embodiment, through the basic frozen electric energy verification, when the basic frozen electric energy verification meets the requirement, the rate electric energy verification is performed, and when the electric energy rate verification meets the requirement, the electric energy meter is charged.
  • the data ensures the accuracy of the energy meter billing data.
  • the embodiment of the invention further provides a computer storage medium, wherein the computer storage medium stores computer executable instructions, and the computer executable instructions are used for the verification method of the electric energy meter.
  • the computer storage medium may be: a computer hard disk such as a mobile hard disk, an optical disk, a flash disk, a USB disk or a magnetic tape, and may be a non-transitory storage medium.

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Abstract

一种计量部分与管理部分独立的电能表，包括计量控制模块（10）和管理控制模块（20），所述计量控制模块（10），配置为采集并计算电能数据，并将采集、计算后的电能数据发送给所述管理控制模块（20）；所述管理控制模块（20），配置为实现费率控制，并根据所述费率与接收到的所述电能数据计算出计费数据。还提供一种电能表的校验方法及计算机存储介质。

Description

电能表及其校验方法、存储介质
本申请基于申请号为201610902884.9申请日为2016年10月17日的中国专利申请提出，并要求该中国专利申请的优先权，该中国专利申请的全部内容在此引入本申请作为参考。
技术领域
本发明涉及用电服务领域，具体涉及一种计量部分与管理部分独立的电能表及其校验方法、存储介质。
背景技术
电能表是用来测量电能的仪表，又称电度表，火表，千瓦小时表，指测量各种电学量的仪表。根据IR46标准要求，即国际法制计量组织发布的国际建议，作为计量器具的电能表如果在结构、程序上有变动，应重新进行型式评价，这就意味电能表程序不能任意进行在线远程升级。现有智能电能表的设计方案是将用于计量、存储、时钟、显示、计费、费控、通信、事件记录、远程升级等功能设计为一个整体，一旦后续功能需要变更，将必须重新置换电能表，造成极大的浪费。同时，现有的电能表在软件或者硬件遭遇漏洞时会直接影响计量部分的准确性，导致电量无法追溯，容易引发电力纠纷。随着国家用电市场放开，未来电能计费方法存在多样化，不确定性的特点，使得管理部门固化要求与用户功能需求不断变化之间矛盾不断加深，因此，需要一款能够满足现状需要的电能表。
发明内容
鉴于上述问题，提出了本发明实施例，以便提供一种克服上述问题或至少部分地解决上述问题的一种计量部分与管理部分独立的电能表及其验 证方法和计算机存储介质。
根据本发明实施例的一个方面，提供一种计量部分与管理部分独立的电能表，包括计量控制模块和管理控制模块，
所述计量控制模块，配置为采集并计算电能数据，并将采集、计算后的电能数据发送给所述管理控制模块；
所述管理控制模块，配置实现费率控制，并根据所述费率与接收到的所述电能数据计算出计费数据。
可选地，所述电能数据包括正向有功电能、反向有功电能以及基础电能冻结时间，其中，每个冻结点对应的冻结时间不大于第一预设时长，所述电能数据的存储深度不少于第二预设时长。
可选地，所述计量控制模块，包括：
采集计算单元，配置为采集电能数据并对其进行计算，使用计量芯片直接采集电压与电流数据并根据采集到的电压、电流数据计算出电能；
数据通信单元，配置为将所述电能数据发送给所述管理控制模块，或用于所述电能数据的追溯及校核；
计量MCU，配置为控制所述采集计算单元及所述数据通信单元，并通过所述数据通信单元与所述管理控制模块进行信息交互。
可选地，所述计量控制模块，还包括：
时钟单元，配置为为所述计量控制模块中带时标的电量存储提供时间基准，同时当所述管理控制模块的计时标准采用分段计时收费时，根据所述时钟单元切换不同时段的计费标准；
所述管理控制模块，配置为根据所述计量控制模块的当前时间处理并存储费率和电能。
可选地，所述时钟单元采用可更换的时钟电池或超级电容进行供电。
可选地，所述计量控制模块，还包括：
计量存储单元，配置为实时存储所述采集计算单元产生的电能数据与所述时钟单元提供的时间所生成的带时标的电量。
可选地，所述管理控制模块，包括：
费率计算单元，配置为控制所述费率并根据所述接收到的电能数据计算出计费数据；以及进行所述电能数据和/或所述计费数据的数据更新，对所述数据更新操作结束后，利用所述电能数据对所述计费数据进行校核；
所述远程通信单元，配置为实现所述管理控制模块与通信终端和所述计量控制模块的信息交互，以及当所述电能表功能需求变更时，接收所述通信终端发来的电能表数据更新操作，并发给所述管理MCU进行程序更新操作；
管理微控制单元MCU，配置为控制所述费率计算单元及所述远程通信单元，并同所述远程通信单元进行数据交互。
可选地，所述管理控制模块，还包括：
计费存储单元，配置为存储费率电能、电能表事件记录以及基础冻结数据。
可选地，所述管理控制模块，还包括：
人机交互单元，配置为进行数据或操作的液晶显示和/或语音提示。
可选地，所述计量控制模块与所述管理控制模块为各自独立的可插拔模块，并通过可插拔通讯接口连接。
可选地，所述电能表还包括下述部件的一种或多种：
插卡区，配置为供购电卡插入；
模块通信接口，配置为抄读电能表电能、实时参数、事件记录以及冻结数据，实现设置电能表参数以及远程升级；
加/解密模块，配置为电能表通讯信息的加密或解密；
跳闸灯，配置为指示当前状态，所述指示当前状态至少包括：当欠费 时点亮指示跳闸。
根据本发明实施例的另一方面，还提供一种电能表的检验方法，所述方法包括：
读取上述的电能表中在计量控制模块单位时间内的基础冻结电能Wi，并计算被测电能表用电量误差γi；
Figure PCTCN2017087622-appb-000001
其中，Wi为所述计量控制模块在T min时间内的单位时间ΔT的基础冻结电能，i＝1,2,3…(T-1)，ΔW0为在T min时间内的标准表电能值在单位时间ΔT内平均值，γ0为标准表已定系统误差；
根据γi确定所述电能表的基础冻结电能是否符合检验要求，当γi不超过预定误差，则电能表的基础冻结电能符合检验要求，读取所述电能表的管理控制模块的费率电能；
计算费率电能与基础冻结电能的差值δ，
δ＝(WT′-W0′)-(WT-W0)
其中，WT′为T时刻管理控制模块的费率电能示值；W0′为起始时刻所述管理控制模块的费率电能示值；WT为所述T时刻所述计量控制模块的基础冻结电能示值；W0起始时刻所述计量控制模块的基础冻结电能示值；
根据δ确定所述电能表的费率电能是否符合检验要求，当δ不超过b×10-α，则所述电能表的费率电能符合检验要求，其中，b为计度器倍率，α为计度器小数位数；
根据所述费率电能和所述电能表当前运行费率时段表与阶梯表，计算出所述计费数据。
本发明实施例又一个方面提供一种计算机存储介质，所述计算机存储 介质中存储有计算机可执行指令，所述计算机可执行指令用于执行上述电能表的检验方法。
本发明实施例提供的电能表，至少划分为了计量控制模块和管理控制模块，计量控制模块配置为进行电能数据的采集及计算。管理控制模块配置为基于电能数据实现费率计算和其他扩展功能，得到计费数据，显然实现了计费管理和计量采集的相互分离，这样就可以单独对进行电能数据采集计算的计量控制模块，及进行计费数据确定的管理控制模块进行升级和更新，从而解决了现有技术中智能电能表管理功能需要不断提升，以及管理部分与计量部分相互影响的问题，克服现有通过更换电能表的方式来满足客户对电能表功能变更需求，解决了电能表更新成本大且升级过程繁琐的缺陷，同时增加了电能表的运行稳定性，计量部分数据的可靠性及可追溯性。
附图说明
为了更清楚地说明本发明实施例的技术方案，下面将对实施例描述中所需要使用的附图作简单地介绍，显而易见地，下面描述中的附图仅仅是本发明的一些实施例，对于本领域普通技术人员来讲，在不付出创造性劳动性的前提下，还可以根据这些附图获得其他的附图。
图1为本发明实施例的一种计量部分与管理部分独立的电能表的原理示意图。
具体实施方式
为便于对本发明实施例的理解，下面将结合附图以几个具体实施例为例作进一步的解释说明，应当理解，以下所说明的优选实施例仅用于说明和解释本发明，并不用于限定本发明。
根据本发明实施例的一个方面，如图1所示，提供一种计量部分与管 理部分独立的电能表，包括计量控制模块10和管理控制模块20，其中：
计量控制模块10，配置为采集并计算电能数据，并将采集、计算后的电能数据发送给管理控制模块20。比如，计量控制模块10可采用HT6019系列单片机。计量控制模块10提供的基础电能数据包括正向有功电能、反向有功电能以及基础电能冻结时间，每个冻结点不大于5分钟(min)，存储深度不少于1年。所述冻结点可至少包括：基础电能的冻结点，每一个所述冻结点的冻结时间不大5分钟等第一预设时长，所述第一预设时长还可以为4分钟、6分钟等取值。
所述存储深度可为电能数据的持续存储时间，所述存储深度不少于1年等第二预设时长，所述第二预设时长还可为2年、3年或半年等其他预设的时长。
可选地，计量控制模块10进一步包括：
计量MCU(Microcontroller Unit，微控制单元)15，配置为控制计量控制模块中其他功能单元，并通过数据通信单元16进行信息交互。这里的其他功能单元，至少包括采集计算单元11及数据通信单元16。所述计量MCU可以通过所述数据通信单元16与管理控制模块20进行信息交互，还可以根据通信终端进行信息交互。所述终端可包括：位于网络侧可对所述计量MCU进行控制的上行通信终端。
采集计算单元11，配置为采集电能数据并对其进行计算。采集计算单元11用计量芯片直接采集电压与电流数据并根据采集到的电压、电流数据计算出电能，计量芯片可采用ATT7026三相电能计量芯片等计量芯片或电路。
数据通信单元16，配置为将电能数据发送给管理控制模块20，或用于电能数据的追溯及校核。可选地，数据通信单元16还可以配置为远程终端或通信终端通过其，进行实时抄读采集计算单元11的电能数据，以方便远 程终端或通信终端的核验或监督，当监管部门检验电能表或当用户对电能表所述计费数据有争议时，根据电能数据对管理控制模块20的计费数据进行校验，比如，可以抄读基础电能冻结数据，方便计量管理部门的监管以及对管理控制模块20的计费信息进行校验。例如，所述数据通信单元16会将所述采集计算单元11采集的电能数据发送给远程终端，或本地通信终端进行校验或监督。所述数据通信单元16可为电能表内部的集成电路总线等通信接口，还可以是蓝牙通信接口、红外通信接口等无线或有线通信接口，可用于数据交互。
管理控制模块20，配置为实现费率控制，并根据费率与接收到的电能数据计算出计费数据。
可选地，管理控制模块20，配置为将计费数据进一步传给主站或远程终端。管理控制模块20可采用STM32L151系列单片机等中央处理器或微处理器或数字信号处理器或可编程阵列等处理器或处理电路。例如，管理控制模块20，配置为包括：
管理MCU 25，配置为控制管理控制模块中其他功能单元，并同通信单元进行数据交互。
费率计算单元21，配置为控制费率并根据接收到的电能数据计算出计费数据。当费率计算单元21收到远程通信单元22发来的更新操作请求时进行数据更新，对当前数据更新操作结束后，利用电能数据对计费数据进行校核。所述费率计算单元21可对应于计算器等硬件结构。这里的更新操作请求可为：当计量控制模块10中的电能数据更新了，则所述管理控制模块20中的电能数据也需要更新，或者，当计量控制模块10基于远程通信终端或本地通信终端更新了自身的电能数据，则当前费率计算单元21获取的电能数据也需要同步更新，故所述费率计算单元21接收到数据更新请求之后，会进行数据更新，并在数据更新之后，重新基于更新的电能数据重 新计费。
当然，在一些实施例中所述计费数据可能出现异常，需要重新计算或校正，则此时也可能会接收到计费数据的数据更新请求，则此时需要更新所述计费数据，在完成更新操作之后，还会基于当前的电能数据对重新计算的计费数据进行校验。
远程通信单元22，配置为实现管理控制模块20与上下行通信终端和计量控制模块10进行信息交互，以及当电能表功能需求变更时，接收通信终端发来的电能表数据更新操作，并发给管理MCU25进行程序更新操作。远程通信单元22可以为485通讯或其他通讯模块，本实施例优选485通讯。可选地，远程通信单元22可以采用红外通信，以方便进行电能表的现场查验，具体可为连接到网络或其他终端设备的通信接口。
这里的上下行通信终端，包括：连接在所述电能表上游(例如，通过网络归属于电站的远程控制终端)，还包括用户持有的手机等连接在所述电能表的下游的下行通信终端。
本发明实施例通过对电能表管理控制模块与计量控制模块的功能分割，在计量控制模块法制计量部分不变的情况下，管理控制模块功能可进行远程升级，满足了用户对电能表功能多样性的要求，同时解决了通过更换电能表的方式来满足客户对电能表功能变更需求、增大电能表更新成本且升级过程繁琐的缺陷。
可选地，计量控制模块10与管理控制模块20不仅在工作原理上相互独立，在物理结构上也可以相互独立，计量控制模块10与管理控制模块20为各自独立的可插拔模块，计量控制模块10及管理控制模块20可通过可插拔通讯接口30连接，由于计量控制模块10与管理控制模块20处于不同的控制模块中，因此，当其中一个出现故障时，不会影响到另一个工作。
可选地，计量控制模块10还包括时钟单元14，所述时钟单元14配置 为为计量控制模块10中带时标的电量存储提供时间基准，同时当管理控制模块20的计时标准采用分段计时收费时，根据时钟单元14，配置为切换不同时段的计费标准，管理控制模块20，配置为根据计量控制模块10的当前时间处理并存储费率和电能。
时钟单元14可采用可更换的时钟电池17或超级电容18进行供电，满足时钟单元的计时需求，保证了时钟单元14计时稳定性与准确性。
所述时钟单元14可包括：各种进行计时的计时器，例如，可包括：能够计时的晶振等。
在一些实施例中，计量控制模块10还包括计量存储单元13，所述计量存储单元13配置为实时存储采集计算单元11产生的电能数据与时钟单元14提供的时间所生成的带时标的电量。
计量存储单元13储存的基础冻结电能可对计费存储单元23的电费信息进行校核验证，确保计费数据的准确性与可追溯性。
在还有一些实施例例中，管理控制模块20还包括计费存储单元23，所述计量存储单元13配置为存储费率电能、电能表事件记录以及基础冻结数据。
在一些实施例中，管理控制模块20还包括：
人机交互单元24，配置为进行数据或操作的液晶显示和/或语音提示，比如，显示计费数据与电能数据，当用户对电能表充值操作时，语音提示操作结果等等。
在另一些实施例中，电能表还可以包括插卡区、模块通信接口、加密模块以及跳闸灯，其中：插卡区，配置为用户将购电卡插入插卡区，为购电卡提供插入位置，实现用户购电、查询购电信息等相关功能。
模块通信接口，配置为抄读电能表电能、实时参数、事件记录以及冻结数据等数据，也可以实现设置电能表参数并远程升级等功能。
加/解密模块，配置为电能表通讯信息的加密或解密，避免数据泄露，保证电能表数据传输的安全性；跳闸灯，用于指示用户当前状态，当用户欠费时，继电器跳闸，继而跳闸指示灯点亮。
本发明实施例的电能表可视为智能电能表，通过设置电能表管理控制模块与计量控制模块的功能分割，在计量控制模块法制计量部分不变的情况下，管理控制模块功能可进行远程升级，满足了电能表用户的多样化功能要求，避免了由于客户功能需求的变更而更换电能表，降低了电能表计费标准更新的成本，简化了电能表更新过程，同时，实现了电能表功能的多样化。
根一种据本发明实施例的另一方面，还提供一种智能电能表的检验方法，该方法由上位机执行，执行前给智能电能表加220V电压，稳定至少单位时间ΔT后，电流线路加正向Imax，功率因数为1，由标准时钟测试仪控制台体走字T min，优选T min为30min后，停止电流至少单位时间ΔT，所述方法包括：
读取上述实施例中智能电能表的计量控制模块在单位时间内的基础冻结电能Wi；这里被读取的智能电能表为前述实施例提供任意一种电能表，同时又可以被称为被测电能表；
计算被测电能表用电量误差γi，
Figure PCTCN2017087622-appb-000002
其中，Wi为被测电能表的计量控制模块在T min时间内的单位时间ΔT的基础冻结电能，i＝1,2,3…(T-1)，ΔW0为T min时间内的标准表电能值在单位时间ΔT内平均值，γ0为标准表已定系统误差；
根据γi确定被测电能表的基础冻结电能是否符合检验要求；
当γi不超过预定误差，则被测电能表的基础冻结电能符合检验要求，读取上述实施例中智能电能表的管理控制模块的费率电能；
计算费率电能与基础冻结电能的差值δ，
δ＝(WT′-W0′)-(WT-W0)
其中，WT′、W0′分别对应T时刻和起始时刻管理控制模块费率电能示值，WT、W0分别对应T时刻和起始时刻计量控制模块基础冻结电能示值；
根据δ确定被测电能表的费率电能是否符合检验要求；
当δ不超过b×10-α，则被测电能表的费率电能符合检验要求，其中，b为计度器倍率，α为计度器小数位数，
根据费率电能和电能表当前运行费率时段表与阶梯表，计算出所述计费数据。
上述实施例提供的智能电能表检验方法，通过基础冻结电能校验，当基础冻结电能校验满足要求，进行费率电能校验，当费率电能校验满足要求，继而计算出电能表计费数据，保证了电能表计费数据的准确性。
本发明实施例还提供一种计算机存储介质，所述计算机存储介质中存储有计算机可执行指令，所述计算机可执行指令用于上述电能表的检验方法。
所述计算机存储介质可为：移动硬盘、光盘、闪盘、U盘或磁带等各种计算机存储介质，可选为非瞬间存储介质。
本领域普通技术人员可以理解：附图只是一个实施例的示意图，附图中的模块流程并不一定是实施本发明所必须的。
本说明书中的各个实施例均采用递进的方式描述，各个实施例之间相同相似的部分互相参见即可，每个实施例重点说明的都是与其他实施例的不同之处。尤其，对于系统或系统实施例而言，由于其基本相似于方法实施例，所以描述得比较简单，相关之处参见方法实施例的部分说明即可。
以上所述，仅为本发明较佳的具体实施方式，但本发明的保护范围并不局限于此，凡按照本发明原理所作的修改，都应当理解为落入本发明的保护范围。

Claims (13)

  1. 一种计量部分与管理部分独立的电能表，包括计量控制模块和管理控制模块；
    所述计量控制模块，配置为采集并计算电能数据，并将采集、计算后的电能数据发送给所述管理控制模块；
    所述管理控制模块，配置为实现费率控制，并根据所述费率与接收到的所述电能数据计算出计费数据。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的计量部分与管理部分独立的电能表，其中，所述电能数据包括：正向有功电能、反向有功电能以及基础电能冻结时间，其中，每个冻结点对应的冻结时间不大于第一预设时长，所述电能数据的存储深度不少于第二预设时长。
  3. 根据权利要求1所述的计量部分与管理部分独立的电能表，其中，所述计量控制模块，包括：
    采集计算单元，配置为采集电能数据并对其进行计算，使用计量芯片直接采集电压与电流数据并根据采集到的电压、电流数据计算出电能；
    数据通信单元，配置为将所述电能数据发送给所述管理控制模块，或用于所述电能数据的追溯及校核；
    计量微控制单元MCU，配置为控制所述采集计算单元及所述数据通信单元，并通过所述数据通信单元与所述管理控制模块进行信息交互。
  4. 根据权利要求3所述的计量部分与管理部分独立的电能表，其中，
    所述计量控制模块还包括：
    时钟单元，配置为为所述计量控制模块中带时标的电量存储提供时间基准，同时当所述管理控制模块的计时标准采用分段计时收费时，根据所述时钟单元切换不同时段的计费标准；
    所述管理控制模块，配置为根据所述计量控制模块的当前时间处理并 存储费率和电能。
  5. 根据权利要求4所述的计量部分与管理部分独立的电能表，其中，所述时钟单元采用可更换的时钟电池或超级电容进行供电。
  6. 根据权利要求4所述的计量部分与管理部分独立的电能表，其中，
    所述计量控制模块还包括：
    计量存储单元，配置为时存储所述采集计算单元产生的电能数据与所述时钟单元提供的时间所生成的带时标的电量。
  7. 根据权利要求1所述的计量部分与管理部分独立的电能表，其中，所述管理控制模块，包括：
    费率计算单元，配置为控制所述费率并根据所述接收到的电能数据计算出计费数据；以及进行所述电能数据和/或所述计费数据的数据更新，对所述数据更新结束后，利用所述电能数据对所述计费数据进行校核；
    远程通信单元，配置为实现所述管理控制模块与通信终端和所述计量控制模块的信息交互，以及当所述电能表功能需求变更时，接收所述通信终端发来的电能表数据更新操作，并发给所述管理MCU进行程序更新操作；
    管理微控制单元MCU，配置为控制所述费率计算单元及所述远程通信单元，并同所述远程通信单元进行数据交互。
  8. 根据权利要求7所述的计量部分与管理部分独立的电能表，其中，所述管理控制模块，还包括：
    计费存储单元，配置为存储费率电能、电能表事件记录以及基础冻结数据。
  9. 根据权利要求7所述的一种计量部分与管理部分独立的电能表，其中，所述管理控制模块，还包括：
    人机交互单元，配置为进行数据或操作的液晶显示和/或语音提示。
  10. 根据权利要求1所述的计量部分与管理部分独立的电能表，其中， 所述计量控制模块与所述管理控制模块为各自独立的可插拔模块，并通过可插拔通讯接口连接。
  11. 根据权利要求1所述的计量部分与管理部分独立的电能表，其中，所述电能表还包括下述部件的一种或多种：
    插卡区，配置为供购电卡插入；
    模块通信接口，配置为抄读电能表电能、实时参数、事件记录以及冻结数据，实现设置电能表参数以及远程升级；
    加/解密模块，配置为电能表通讯信息的加密或解密；
    跳闸灯，配置为指示当前状态，所述指示当前状态至少包括：当欠费时点亮指示跳闸。
  12. 一种电能表的检验方法，所述方法包括：
    读取如权利要求1至12任一项权利要求提供的电能表中计量控制模块在单位时间内的基础冻结电能Wi，并计算电能表的用电量误差γi；
    Figure PCTCN2017087622-appb-100001
    其中，Wi为所述计量控制模块在Tmin时间内的单位时间ΔT的基础冻结电能，i＝1,2,3…(T-1)，ΔW0为在Tmin时间内的标准表电能值在单位时间ΔT内的平均值，γ0为标准表已定系统误差；
    根据γi确定所述电能表的基础冻结电能是否符合检验要求，当γi不超过预定误差，则电能表的基础冻结电能符合检验要求，读取所述电能表的管理控制模块的费率电能；
    计算费率电能与基础冻结电能的差值δ，
    δ＝(WT′-W0′)-(WT-W0)
    其中，WT′为T时刻管理控制模块的费率电能示值；W0′为起始时刻所述 管理控制模块的费率电能示值；WT为所述T时刻所述计量控制模块的基础冻结电能示值；W0起始时刻所述计量控制模块的基础冻结电能示值；
    根据δ确定所述电能表的费率电能是否符合检验要求，当δ不超过b×10-α，则所述电能表的费率电能符合检验要求，其中，b为计度器倍率，α为计度器小数位数；
    根据所述费率电能和所述电能表当前运行费率时段表与阶梯表，计算出所述计费数据。
  13. 一种计算机存储介质，所述计算机存储介质中存储有计算机可执行指令，所述计算机可执行指令用于执行权利要求12提供的电能表的检验方法。
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