WO2018072046A1 - Procédé de greffe latérale de pin parasol (pinus pinea) sur des sujets de pin de monterey (pinus radiata) ou sur la même espèce (p. pinea), qui permet l'augmentation de la prise de greffe des individus greffés - Google Patents

Procédé de greffe latérale de pin parasol (pinus pinea) sur des sujets de pin de monterey (pinus radiata) ou sur la même espèce (p. pinea), qui permet l'augmentation de la prise de greffe des individus greffés Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2018072046A1
WO2018072046A1 PCT/CL2017/000031 CL2017000031W WO2018072046A1 WO 2018072046 A1 WO2018072046 A1 WO 2018072046A1 CL 2017000031 W CL2017000031 W CL 2017000031W WO 2018072046 A1 WO2018072046 A1 WO 2018072046A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
pine
pinea
graft
radiata
pinus
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/CL2017/000031
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English (en)
Spanish (es)
Inventor
Verónica LOEWE
Claudia DELARD DE RIGOULIERES
Andrea ÁLVAREZ
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Instituto Forestal
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
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Publication date
Application filed by Instituto Forestal filed Critical Instituto Forestal
Publication of WO2018072046A1 publication Critical patent/WO2018072046A1/fr

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Classifications

    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
    • A01G2/00—Vegetative propagation
    • A01G2/30—Grafting
    • A01G2/35—Cutting; Inserting

Definitions

  • the present invention discloses a method for laterally grafting pinion pine ⁇ Pinus pinea) onto patterns or graft holders of pine radiata ⁇ Pinus radiata), called P. pinea / P. radiata and pine pine [Pinus pinea), called P. pinea / P. pinea, which allows to increase the pinion of pine tree grafts in nursery, reaching successes above 85% in Pinus radiata patterns and over 75% in Pinus pinea patterns, significantly improving the yield obtained with the traditional grafting method that corresponds to the replacement of the apical spike, with which yields close to 30% are achieved.
  • Grafting is a method of vegetative propagation used to reproduce genetic material of interest, induce early entry of fruit production as well as increase and homogenize it, facilitate handling and take advantage of the pattern's own characteristics.
  • pine pine Pierus pinea
  • it is mainly sought to advance the entry into pine production by reducing the period required to reach sexual maturity (1 to 25 years), in addition to preserving the fruit load characteristic of the selected adult tree from which the barbs are obtained, and facilitate the harvest, since the height of these individuals is less than that of ungrafted individuals of the same age.
  • the species used in Europe as a pattern to graft the stone pine are mainly Pinus pinea and carrasco pine (Pinus hafepensisj; the latter adapts to more arid and poor soils, while P. pinea can adapt to sandy soils among others (Loewe and González , 201 2).
  • the main technique for vegetatively propagating the pinion pine is the graft graft or replacement of the terminal or apical spike, which consists in replacing the pattern's spike with a spike of a plus tree, by means of a diametral groove made at the base of the latest pattern growth, to which the spike is attached (Gil and Abellanas, 1989; Casta ⁇ o et al., 2004; Carneiro et al., 2007; Mutke et al., 2007; ANSUB, 2008).
  • Regional Ministry of Environment (2004) according to the experience achieved in Spain with different grafting techniques with the species, agrees that the best results are obtained with this type of graft.
  • Terminal graft replacement grafts have been successfully made using pinion pine spikes and patterns of the same species and Pinus halepensis, not presenting any type of rejection (Parra, 1980). In Italy, terminal and lateral slit grafts are usually performed, the former being preferred (Trap, 1993).
  • Gallardo and Gallardo (1991) studied the behavior of more than 46,000 grafts of P. pinea / pinea divided into two categories: (1) Replacement of terminal spike, also called yolk graft, and (2) if the graft was performed in the growth of the previous year called wood grafting, with an average success of 52.5%, with no evaluation of the yolk grafts, and it was determined that the vigor of the pattern does not influence the graft success.
  • the death of the spikes in both types is due to the lack of post graft management, operator failures at the time of grafting and external causes, such as pathogen attacks, even though the yolk grafts would be more effective than those made of wood.
  • the lateral grafting method originates to increase the yield obtained with the apical spike replacement grafting method [close to 30%) in nursery and field, which allows producing a high number of quality plants, allowing the establishment of extensive plantations with known material and controlled homogeneity.
  • This new method positive results have been obtained both on P. radiata patterns (over 85%) and on P. p / nea (over 75%).
  • the spike is sectioned, maximizing the reproductive material of high available value.
  • the method of lateral grafting in a pine tree nursery on patterns of radiata pine or pine tree includes the stages of:
  • the pattern should be healthy and vigorous, ideally two years old, with a stem diameter proportional to the spike (1-1.5 cm in diameter at the base) and be in active growth, with sap movement.
  • the plants must be transplanted at least one year before grafting to the final container in which the grafting will be performed, and make a management of fertirrigaci 'on, with macro and micro nutrients, aimed at stimulating growth and vigor of the patterns.
  • the spikes that are grafted correspond to the terminal buds that have developed during the season, located in the upper part of the tree canopy, where the female flowers are located in this species.
  • Suitable spikes must be in an advanced elongation phase (at least 15 cm long), with the presence of small acicles. This phase occurs in spring, in Chile from the second half of September to the first half of November depending on the location.
  • the spikes that meet these requirements are cut about 10 cm below, in the area of woody tissue, to facilitate handling and prevent dehydration.
  • the lateral spikes surrounding the apical are also obtained, which will allow to have enough material of different diameters to select according to the diameter of each pattern.
  • the surrounding acicles are removed, assembled groups or bundles of spikes, properly identified, thus facilitating their handling and ensuring the traceability of the genetic material, and wrapped in absorbent cloths previously moistened with solution fungicide to prevent fungal proliferation.
  • These bundles of barbs are deposited inside the refrigerator in strata alternated by frozen ice packs surrounded by an insulating material to prevent the burning of the spikes (they can serve for this purpose the removed needles); In this way an order from the bottom would be: ice pack, acicles, bundles of spikes, aculas, ce pack, aculas, bundle of spikes, and so on.
  • the spikes should be stored for a few days (ideally 2 to 3 days) until the graft is performed, keeping them in containers with the base in cold water (before placing them, the stem base must be cut again to facilitate absorption of water, since this species quickly seals each wound with resin, waterproofing the cuts) and in a cool place. Even if it is feasible to keep them in the chamber for a longer period, the yield is reduced proportionally to the time elapsed since their harvest.
  • the spike is inserted into the cut made in the pattern, introducing it until the end of the cut to avoid air pockets, matching the eambiums of both structures: ideally the outer tongue of the cut of the pattern should exceed the cut of the barbed inserted.
  • the intervened sector is squeezed by hand for a first fix.
  • Each graft is labeled if spikes of different individuals are used, in order to keep records of the genetic material used,
  • the grafts When removing the tapes, the grafts must be vigorous, dark green, typical of adult foliage, and show a slight onset of strangulation. If the graft is not very vigorous and there are signs of strangulation, the tape must be replaced.
  • the management of the grafted patterns should include:
  • Pattern pruning defined according to the development of grafted barbed sections.
  • the basal section will sprout the year after the graft, while the middle and apical sections will sprout within the season, the apical being faster.
  • the pattern should be pruned leaving few branches.
  • the pattern should also be pruned once the graft has ignited, leaving about half of the branches of the pattern until the following year.
  • the aerial part of the pattern, above the graft must be cut completely, when there is an evident longitudinal development of the yolks from the grafted spikes, or when the graft has visibly dominated the pattern's remaining cup.

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  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Botany (AREA)
  • Developmental Biology & Embryology (AREA)
  • Environmental Sciences (AREA)
  • Joining Of Building Structures In Genera (AREA)
  • Pretreatment Of Seeds And Plants (AREA)

Abstract

La présente invention concerne un procédé de greffe latérale de pin parasol (Pinus pinea) sur des sujets ou porte-greffes de pin de Monterey (Pinus radiata), appelés P. pinea/P. Radiata et de pin de Monterey, appelés P. pinea/P. Pinea, qui permet d'augmenter la prise de greffe de greffes de pin parasol en pépinière, permettant d'obtenir des réussites supérieures à 85% chez des sujets de pinus radiata et supérieurs à 75% chez des sujets de Pinus pinea améliorant significativement la prise de greffe obtenue avec le procédé classique de greffe qui correspond à celui de substitution de la pointe apicale, avec lequel on obtient des prises de greffes proches de 30%. Le développement de ce procédé est basé sur la demande élevée du Chili pour des plantes greffées, dérivée de l'intérêt d'établir des jardins productifs, en plus de concerner spécifiquement un fruit sec à demande croissante et prix supérieur sur le marché mondial. En conséquence, ce procédé permet de produire une grande quantité de plantes greffées de qualité en un temps record, ce qui se traduit par un prix concurrentiel. Le procédé de greffe latérale de pin parasol (Pinus pinea) sur des sujets de pin de Monterey (Pinus radiata) ou sur la même espèce (P. Pinea), qui permet l'augmentation de la prise de greffe mentionnée, comprend les étapes de : A. sélection de sujets ; B. prélèvement et conditionnement de pointes ; C. réalisation de la greffe ; D. maintien et acclimatation de sujets. Les étapes antérieurement citées sont développées dans la mémoire descriptive et les étapes stipulées dans le catalogue de revendications.
PCT/CL2017/000031 2016-10-21 2017-10-20 Procédé de greffe latérale de pin parasol (pinus pinea) sur des sujets de pin de monterey (pinus radiata) ou sur la même espèce (p. pinea), qui permet l'augmentation de la prise de greffe des individus greffés WO2018072046A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CL2016002686A CL2016002686A1 (es) 2016-10-21 2016-10-21 Método de injerto lateral de pino piñonero (pinus pinea) sobre patrones de pino radiata (pinus radiata) o sobre la misma especie (p. pinea), que permite el aumento en el prendimiento de los individuos injertados
CL2686-2016 2016-10-21

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO2018072046A1 true WO2018072046A1 (fr) 2018-04-26

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PCT/CL2017/000031 WO2018072046A1 (fr) 2016-10-21 2017-10-20 Procédé de greffe latérale de pin parasol (pinus pinea) sur des sujets de pin de monterey (pinus radiata) ou sur la même espèce (p. pinea), qui permet l'augmentation de la prise de greffe des individus greffés

Country Status (2)

Country Link
CL (1) CL2016002686A1 (fr)
WO (1) WO2018072046A1 (fr)

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN110972876A (zh) * 2019-12-17 2020-04-10 厦门市鼓浪屿园艺建筑有限公司 一种乔木全冠移植方法
CN111713284A (zh) * 2020-07-24 2020-09-29 黑龙江省林业科学院 一种红松提前结实的方法
CN111919697A (zh) * 2020-08-18 2020-11-13 江西农业大学 一种快速高效鉴别红花石蒜最佳移植时期的方法

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CARNEIRO, A. N. ET AL., MANUAL LLUSTRADO DE ENXERTIA DO PINHEIRO MANSO, 2007, Retrieved from the Internet <URL:http://www.iniav.pt/fotos/gca/manual_ilustrado_enxertia_do_pinheiro_manso_1369127188.pdf> [retrieved on 20171220] *
LOEWE MUNOZ, V. F. ET AL.: "Growth of Stone pine (Pinus pinea L.) European provenances in central Chile", IFOREST-BIOGEOSCIENCES AND FORESTRY, vol. 10, no. 1, 2016, pages 64, XP055480443 *
LOEWE MUÑOZ, V. F.: "crecimiento y produccion del pino pinonero (Pinus pinea L.) en Chile en funci6n del clima y de algunas practicas silviculturales", CARACTERIZACIDELTAN DE LA VARIABILIDAD, 2016, XP055480427, Retrieved from the Internet <URL:http://helvia.uco.es/handle/10396/14188> [retrieved on 20171221] *
LOEWE, M. ET AL.: "Un nuevo cultivo para Chile, el pino piñonero (Pinus pinea L.", UN NUEVO CULTIVO PARA CHILE, EL PINO PIÑONERO (PINUS PINEA L., 2012, XP055480422, Retrieved from the Internet <URL:https://www.researchgate.net/profile/Veronica_Loewe_M/publication/263100307_Un_nuevo_cultivo_para_Chile_el_Pino_Pinonero_Pinus_pinea_L/links/59b558fd0f7e9b3743551529/Un-nuevo-cultivo-para-Chile-el-Pino-Pinonero-Pinus-pinea-L.pdf> [retrieved on 20171220] *
LOEWE, V. ET AL., PRODUCTION DE PIÑÓN MEDITERRANEO (PINUS PINEA L., 2016, XP055480440, Retrieved from the Internet <URL:https://www.researchgate.net/publication/317342409_Produccion_de_pinon_mediterraneo_Pinus_pinea_L> [retrieved on 20171221] *
LOEWE, V. ET AL.: "Introduction del pino pinonero (Pinus pinea L.) en Chile", CIENCIA E INVESTIGACIÓN FORESTAL, 2012, pages 39, XP055480430, Retrieved from the Internet <URL:https://www.researchgate.net/profile/Sven_Mutke/publication/308167839_lntroduccion_del_pino_pinonero_Pinus_pinea_L_en_Chile/links/580deed808ae0360753c77a4.pdf> [retrieved on 20171221] *
MUTKE, S. ET AL.: "Crown architecture of grafted Stone pine (Pinus pinea L.): shoot growth and bud differentiation", TREES, vol. 19, no. 1, 2005, pages 15 - 25, XP019348133 *
MUTKE, S. ET AL.: "Stone pine orchards for nut production: which, where, how", FAO. CIHEAM NUCIS, vol. 14, 2008, pages 22 - 25, XP055480453, Retrieved from the Internet <URL:http://sostenible.palencia.uva.es/system/files/publicaciones/Mutke%20et%20al%202007%20NUCIS%2014.pdf> [retrieved on 20171221] *
PIQUE, M. ET AL.: "Grafted stone pine plantations for cone production: trials on Pinus pinea and Pinus halepensis rootstocks from Tunisia and Spain", OPTIONS MEDITERRANÈENNES, vol. A, no. 122, 2017, pages 17 - 23, XP055480467, Retrieved from the Internet <URL:https://www.researchgate.net/publication/320211986_Grafted_stone_pine_plantations_for_cone_production_trials_on_Pinus_pinea_and_Pinus_halepensis_rootstocks_from_Tunisia_and_Spain> [retrieved on 20171221] *

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN110972876A (zh) * 2019-12-17 2020-04-10 厦门市鼓浪屿园艺建筑有限公司 一种乔木全冠移植方法
CN111713284A (zh) * 2020-07-24 2020-09-29 黑龙江省林业科学院 一种红松提前结实的方法
CN111919697A (zh) * 2020-08-18 2020-11-13 江西农业大学 一种快速高效鉴别红花石蒜最佳移植时期的方法

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