WO2018068672A1 - 一种光调节单元、光调节器件及头戴显示装置 - Google Patents

一种光调节单元、光调节器件及头戴显示装置 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2018068672A1
WO2018068672A1 PCT/CN2017/104920 CN2017104920W WO2018068672A1 WO 2018068672 A1 WO2018068672 A1 WO 2018068672A1 CN 2017104920 W CN2017104920 W CN 2017104920W WO 2018068672 A1 WO2018068672 A1 WO 2018068672A1
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WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
optical
working plate
electronically controlled
plate
light
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PCT/CN2017/104920
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
黄琴华
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成都理想境界科技有限公司
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Publication of WO2018068672A1 publication Critical patent/WO2018068672A1/zh

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    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B27/00—Optical systems or apparatus not provided for by any of the groups G02B1/00 - G02B26/00, G02B30/00
    • G02B27/01—Head-up displays
    • G02B27/017—Head mounted
    • G02B27/0172—Head mounted characterised by optical features
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B26/00—Optical devices or arrangements for the control of light using movable or deformable optical elements
    • G02B26/02—Optical devices or arrangements for the control of light using movable or deformable optical elements for controlling the intensity of light
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B27/00—Optical systems or apparatus not provided for by any of the groups G02B1/00 - G02B26/00, G02B30/00
    • G02B27/01—Head-up displays

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to the field of augmented reality, and in particular, to a light adjustment unit, a light adjustment device, and a head mounted display device.
  • Augmented Reality is a technology that uses virtual objects or information to enhance the reality of real scenes.
  • the augmented reality technology displays the virtual generated extended information or virtual scene such as text content, image content or image model associated with the real physical environment image in the real physical environment image through computer system identification analysis and query retrieval, thereby enabling the user to Obtain relevant extended information such as annotations and descriptions of real objects in a real physical environment, or experience stereoscopic and prominent enhanced visual effects of real objects in a real physical environment.
  • Head-mounted displays are widely used in AR systems to enhance the user's visual immersion.
  • optical penetrating HMD is one of the widely used in AR systems.
  • the optical transmissive HMD has good light transmission, and the user can simultaneously observe the virtual image projected in the HMD and the external environment.
  • the optically transmissive HMD needs to adjust the ambient light.
  • the ambient light can be adjusted through the liquid crystal array.
  • the liquid crystal array can function as an adjustment switch for the ambient light
  • the liquid crystal array is composed of two polarizers, and the loss of ambient light is large, so that the ambient light energy that can be received by the human eye is greatly reduced. This affects the visual effect of the real physical environment that the user sees.
  • a first aspect of the present invention provides a light adjustment unit, including: a transparent substrate; an optical working plate, an electronically controlled telescopic device, and an electrode connected to the electronically controlled telescopic device; wherein the optical working plate
  • the electronically controlled telescopic device and the electrode are disposed above the transparent substrate; the electronically controlled telescopic device is configured to drive the optical working plate to move under the action of an electric field generated by the electrode to adjust the optical working plate
  • a light adjustment unit including: a transparent substrate; an optical working plate, an electronically controlled telescopic device, and an electrode connected to the electronically controlled telescopic device; wherein the optical working plate The electronically controlled telescopic device and the electrode are disposed above the transparent substrate; the electronically controlled telescopic device is configured to drive the optical working plate to move under the action of an electric field generated by the electrode to adjust the optical working plate
  • the electronically controlled telescopic device is configured to drive the optical working plate to move under the action of an electric field generated by the electrode to adjust the optical working plate
  • the optical working plate comprises an optical flat plate or an optical curved panel, and an upper surface of the optical working plate is provided with a first film layer, and the first film layer is high when the incident angle is within a first angular range Transmitting, when the incident angle is within a second angular range, the first film layer is highly inverted, the lower surface of the optical working plate is provided with a second film layer, and the second film layer is highly transparent,
  • the incident angle is an incident angle when ambient light is incident on the optical working plate;
  • the light adjustment unit further includes a supporting device; one end of the supporting device is fixed on the transparent substrate, and the other end is rotatably connected to the optical working plate; one end of the electronically controlled telescopic device is fixed on the transparent substrate The other end abuts against the lower surface of the optical working plate.
  • the telescopic end of the electronically controlled telescopic device has a protrusion, and a lower surface of the optical working plate has a downwardly inclined slope that matches the protrusion.
  • the electronically controlled telescopic device is a transparent piezoelectric ceramic
  • the protrusion is a cantilever of the electronically controlled telescopic device.
  • the optical working plate comprises an upper working plate, a lower working plate, a liquid and an elastic film, wherein the upper working plate has a right-angled triangular shape or a right-angled ladder shape, and the lower working plate has a right-angled ladder shape, wherein the upper working plate
  • the hypotenuse of the working plate is opposite to the hypotenuse of the lower working plate;
  • the light adjustment unit further includes a package outer wall, the elastic film is disposed between the lower working plate and the outer wall of the package; one end of the electronically controlled telescopic device is fixed on the transparent substrate, and the other end is The elastic film abuts; when the electronically controlled telescopic device is stretched, the elastic film is in a deformed state, the oblique side of the lower working plate, the oblique side of the upper working plate, the outer wall of the package, and the elastic film Forming a closed passage, the liquid being located in the closed passage; when the electronically controlled telescopic device is contracted, the elastic film is in a non-deformed state, an upper bottom edge of the lower working plate, the outer wall of the package, and the The elastic film constitutes a bottom storage space, and the liquid is located in the bottom storage space;
  • the upper working plate and the lower working plate have the same refractive index, and the difference between the refractive index of the liquid and the refractive index of the upper working plate is less than a threshold.
  • the electronically controlled telescopic device is located below the lower working plate, and the telescopic direction of the electronically controlled telescopic device Parallel to a right angle side of the lower working plate capable of contacting the elastic film; or
  • the electronically controlled telescopic device is located on the left or right side of the lower working plate, and the telescopic direction of the electronically controlled telescopic device is perpendicular to a right angle side of the lower working plate that can contact the elastic film.
  • the telescopic end of the electronically controlled telescopic device is curved; or
  • the electronically controlled telescopic device further includes a piston structure, one end of the piston structure is connected to the telescopic end of the electronically controlled telescopic device, and the other end is abutted against the elastic film, and the piston structure is in contact with the elastic film One end of the connection is curved.
  • the optical working plate comprises an optical plate, two elastic elements and a liquid, the liquid having a refractive index greater than a refractive index of the optical plate;
  • the light adjustment unit further includes a supporting device and a package outer wall; the two elastic members are respectively disposed at two ends of the optical plate, one end of the elastic member is fixedly connected to the optical plate, and the other end is opposite to the package
  • the outer wall is fixedly connected; one end of the supporting device is fixed on the transparent substrate, and the other end is rotatably connected to the optical plate; one end of the electronically controlled telescopic device is fixed on the transparent substrate, and the other end is opposite to the optical
  • the lower surface of the plate abuts; the optical plate, the elastic member and the outer wall of the package form an enclosed space, the liquid being located within the enclosed space.
  • a lower surface of the optical working plate has a hemispherical protrusion
  • an upper portion of the supporting device has a hemispherical groove corresponding to the hemispherical protrusion
  • the lower surface of the optical working plate has a hemispherical groove
  • an upper portion of the supporting device has a hemispherical protrusion corresponding to the hemispherical groove.
  • the electrode is a transparent electrode.
  • a second aspect of the embodiments of the present invention provides a light adjustment device comprising an array of light adjustment units, each of the light adjustment unit arrays being any one of the first aspects.
  • one of the light adjustment unit arrays corresponds to a pixel optical channel of an optical channel module of the display device.
  • a third aspect of the embodiments of the present invention provides a head mounted display device including an optical channel module and a light adjustment device overlapping the optical channel module, wherein the light adjustment device is located on a far eye side of the optical channel module;
  • the light adjustment device includes an array of light adjustment units, each of the light adjustment unit arrays includes an optical working plate, an electrically controlled expansion device, and an electrode connected to the electronically controlled expansion device, the electronically controlled expansion and contraction
  • the device is configured to drive the optical working plate to move under the action of an electric field generated by the electrode to adjust an associated optical parameter of the optical working plate.
  • the associated optical parameter comprises an angle of incidence of ambient light incident on the optical working plate and/or a refractive index of the optical working plate.
  • the device further includes a main control system, configured to determine an overlapping area on the light adjustment device that overlaps with the virtual image information projected by the optical channel module, and generate a light adjustment unit in the overlapping area Corresponding electrical signals are used to adjust relevant optical parameters of the optical working plate of the light adjustment unit in the overlapping region to close the optical channel of the light adjustment unit in the overlapping region.
  • a main control system configured to determine an overlapping area on the light adjustment device that overlaps with the virtual image information projected by the optical channel module, and generate a light adjustment unit in the overlapping area
  • Corresponding electrical signals are used to adjust relevant optical parameters of the optical working plate of the light adjustment unit in the overlapping region to close the optical channel of the light adjustment unit in the overlapping region.
  • one of the light adjustment unit arrays corresponds to one pixel optical channel of the optical channel module.
  • the optical working plate comprises an optical plate, and an upper surface of the optical plate is provided with a first film layer, when an incident angle when ambient light is incident on the optical working plate is within a first angular range, The first film layer is highly transparent.
  • the incident angle is within a second angle range, the first film layer is highly inverted, and the lower surface of the optical plate is provided with a second film layer, the second film layer Highly transparent
  • the light adjustment unit further includes a supporting device and a transparent substrate; one end of the supporting device is fixed on the transparent substrate, and the other end is rotatably connected with the optical plate; one end of the electronically controlled telescopic device is fixed at the transparent The other end of the substrate is in contact with the lower surface of the optical plate.
  • the lower surface of the optical plate has a hemispherical protrusion
  • an upper portion of the support device has a hemispherical groove corresponding to the hemispherical protrusion
  • the lower surface of the optical plate has a hemispherical groove
  • the upper portion of the support device has a hemispherical protrusion corresponding to the hemispherical groove.
  • the telescopic end of the electronically controlled telescopic device has a protrusion, and a lower surface of the optical plate has a downwardly inclined slope that matches the protrusion.
  • the electronically controlled telescopic device is a transparent piezoelectric ceramic
  • the protrusion is a cantilever of the electronically controlled telescopic device.
  • the optical working plate comprises an upper working plate, a lower working plate, a liquid and an elastic film, wherein the upper working plate has a right-angled triangular shape or a right-angled ladder shape, and the lower working plate has a right-angled ladder shape, wherein the upper working plate
  • the hypotenuse of the working plate is opposite to the hypotenuse of the lower working plate;
  • the light adjustment unit further includes a package outer wall and a transparent substrate, the elastic film is disposed between the lower working plate and the outer wall of the package; one end of the electronically controlled telescopic device is fixed on the transparent substrate, and the other end is Abutting against the elastic film; when the electronically controlled telescopic device is stretched, the elastic film is in a deformed state, the oblique side of the lower working plate, the oblique side of the upper working plate, the outer wall of the package, and the The elastic film constitutes a closed channel, and the liquid is located in the seal In the closed channel; when the electronically controlled telescopic device is contracted and the elastic film is in a non-deformed state, the upper bottom edge of the lower working plate, the outer package wall and the elastic film constitute a bottom storage space, the liquid Located in the bottom storage space;
  • the upper working plate and the lower working plate have the same refractive index, and the difference between the refractive index of the liquid and the refractive index of the upper working plate is less than a threshold.
  • the electronically controlled telescopic device is located below the lower working plate, and the telescopic direction of the electronically controlled telescopic device is parallel to a right angle side of the lower working plate capable of contacting the elastic film;
  • the electronically controlled telescopic device is located on the left or right side of the lower working plate, and the telescopic direction of the electronically controlled telescopic device is perpendicular to a right angle side of the lower working plate that can contact the elastic film.
  • the telescopic end of the electronically controlled telescopic device is curved; or
  • the electronically controlled telescopic device further includes a piston structure, one end of which is connected to the telescopic end of the electronically controlled telescopic device, the other end abuts the elastic film, and the other end of the piston structure is curved.
  • the optical working plate comprises an optical plate, two elastic elements and a liquid, the liquid having a refractive index greater than a refractive index of the optical plate;
  • the light adjustment unit further includes a supporting device, a transparent substrate and a package outer wall; the two elastic elements are respectively disposed at two ends of the optical plate, one end of the elastic element is fixedly connected with the optical plate, and the other end is The outer wall of the package is fixedly connected; one end of the supporting device is fixed on the transparent substrate, and the other end is rotatably connected to the optical plate; one end of the electronically controlled telescopic device is fixed on the transparent substrate, and the other end is The lower surface of the optical plate abuts; the optical plate, the elastic member and the outer wall of the package constitute an enclosed space, and the liquid is located in the closed space.
  • the lower surface of the optical plate has a hemispherical protrusion
  • an upper portion of the support device has a hemispherical groove corresponding to the hemispherical protrusion
  • the lower surface of the optical plate has a hemispherical groove
  • the upper portion of the support device has a hemispherical protrusion corresponding to the hemispherical groove.
  • the light adjustment unit provided by the embodiment of the invention includes a transparent substrate, an optical working plate, an electronically controlled telescopic device and an electrode connected to the electronically controlled telescopic device; the transparent substrate, the optical working plate, the electronically controlled telescopic device and the electrode are disposed at the same Above the transparent substrate, the electronically controlled telescopic device is configured to drive the optical working plate to move under the action of an electric field generated by the electrode to adjust an optical parameter of the optical working plate. By adjusting the relevant optical parameters of the optical working plate, The light path of the light adjustment unit can be turned on or off. It can be seen that the embodiment of the present invention provides a new method for adjusting ambient light.
  • the optical channel of the light adjustment unit When the optical channel of the light adjustment unit is in an open state, external ambient light can enter the human eye, so that the user can observe the external environment. Since the loss of the ambient light by the light adjustment unit is low, the technical problem that the visual effect of the real physical environment that the user sees is deteriorated when the ambient light is adjusted by the liquid crystal array in the prior art is solved. To improve the visual effect of the real physical environment that users see.
  • the optical channel of the light adjustment unit when the optical channel of the light adjustment unit is in a closed state, the ambient light is blocked and cannot enter the human eye, thereby realizing adjustment of the ambient light.
  • FIG. 1A and FIG. 1B are schematic diagrams showing the structure of a first light adjusting unit according to an embodiment of the present invention
  • FIG. 2A is a schematic diagram of an optical tablet according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 2B is a schematic diagram of an optical curved panel according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 3A and FIG. 3B are schematic diagrams of a first light adjustment unit according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • 4A and 4B are schematic diagrams showing protrusions and slopes of a light adjustment unit according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of a protective cover of a light adjustment unit according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 6A and FIG. 6B are schematic diagrams showing the structure of a second light adjusting unit according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 7A and 7B are schematic diagrams of a second light adjusting unit according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIGS. 8A and 8B are schematic diagrams showing a second arrangement manner of an electronically controlled telescopic device according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 9A and FIG. 9B are schematic diagrams showing the structure of a third light adjusting unit according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 10A and FIG. 10B are schematic diagrams of a third light adjusting unit according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 11 is a schematic diagram of a light adjustment unit array according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 12 is a schematic diagram of a head mounted display device according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 13A is a schematic diagram of an area occupied by virtual image information on an optical channel module according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 13B is a schematic diagram of an overlapping area overlapping with virtual image information on a light adjustment device according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a possible light adjusting unit according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • the light adjustment unit includes a transparent substrate 100, an optical working plate 101, an electronically controlled stretching device 102, and an electrode 103 connected to the electronically controlled telescopic device 102.
  • the transparent substrate 100, the optical working plate 101, the electronically controlled stretching device 102, and the electrode 103 are disposed above the transparent substrate 100.
  • the electronically controlled telescopic device 102 is configured to drive the optical working plate 101 to move under the action of an electric field generated by the electrode 103 to adjust relevant optical parameters of the optical working plate 101.
  • the transparent substrate 100 may be a transparent glass substrate.
  • the optical working plate 101 may be an optical device made of a transparent material such as transparent glass, transparent plastic or transparent crystal.
  • the electronically controlled telescopic device 102 can be a transparent device such as a transparent piezoelectric ceramic or a transparent piezoelectric crystal.
  • the electrode 103 may be a transparent electrode such as ITO (Indium tin oxide) or the like.
  • the transmittance of the optical working plate 101 to ambient light is different.
  • the optical channel of the light adjusting unit when the transmittance of the optical working plate 101 to the ambient light is high, the optical channel of the light adjusting unit is considered to be in an open state; when the transmittance of the optical working plate 101 to the ambient light is low, the The light path of the light adjustment unit is in the off state.
  • the transmittance of the optical working plate 101 to ambient light is greater than 85%, it is considered that the optical channel of the light adjusting unit is in an open state; when the transmittance of the optical working plate 101 to ambient light is less than 30%, it is considered that the light adjusting unit is The optical channel is off.
  • the relevant optical parameters include the following two cases.
  • the relevant optical parameter is an incident angle of ambient light when ambient light is incident on the optical working plate 101.
  • the relevant optical parameter is the refractive index of the optical working plate 101.
  • the incident angle when the ambient light is incident on the optical working plate 101 with the relevant optical parameters will be described as an example. Assuming that the direction of the incident light incident on the light adjusting unit is constant, the relative position of the optical working plate 101 relative to the incident light of the ambient light is adjusted by the electronically controlled stretching device 102, so that the ambient light can be incident on the optical working plate 101. Angle of incidence.
  • the function of the film layer coated on the optical working plate 101 is: a film layer having two angular ranges, respectively An angular range and a second angular range.
  • the film layer is highly transparent, and the light path of the light adjusting unit is in an open state, at which time the ambient light can pass through the optical working plate 101.
  • the film layer is highly inverted, and the optical path of the light adjusting unit is in a closed state, at which time ambient light cannot pass through the optical working plate 101.
  • the high permeability of the film layer may be that the transmittance of the film layer to ambient light is greater than a first threshold, for example, assuming that the first threshold is 85%, and if the transmittance is greater than 85%, the film is considered to be environmental.
  • the light is high, and in practical applications, the first threshold may also be 90% or 95%.
  • the high-reflection of the film layer may be that the transmittance of the film layer to ambient light is less than a second threshold. For example, if the second threshold value is 15%, if the light transmittance is less than 15%, the film layer is considered to be highly reflective to ambient light. In the application, the second threshold may also be 10% or 5%.
  • the embodiment of the present invention provides a new light adjusting unit that adjusts the optical parameters of the optical working plate 101 through the electronically controlled stretching device 102 to turn on or off the optical channel of the light adjusting unit.
  • the light adjustment unit includes a transparent substrate and an optical working plate 101 made of a transparent material, when the light passes through the light adjustment unit, the loss of ambient light is low, thereby improving the visual effect of the real physical environment seen by the user, and When the optical channel of the light adjustment unit is in the off state, the ambient light cannot be received by the human eye, thereby realizing the adjustment of the ambient light.
  • the upper and lower surfaces of the optical working plate 101 constitute an afocal system.
  • the optical working plate 101 can be an optical flat plate.
  • the optical working plate 101 can also be an optical curved plate having a certain curvature, as shown in FIG. 2B.
  • the upper and lower surfaces of the optical working plate 101 are plated with different film layers, which are a first film layer of the upper surface and a second film layer of the lower surface, respectively.
  • the function of the first film layer is to have two angular ranges.
  • the first film layer When the incident angle of the ambient light incident on the optical working plate 101 is within the first angular range, the first film layer is highly transparent to the ambient light, and the incident angle when the ambient light is incident on the optical working plate 101 is at the second When the angle is within the range, the first film layer is highly reflective to the ambient light. Regardless of the incident angle of the ambient light incident on the optical working plate 101, the second film layer is highly transparent to ambient light.
  • the light adjustment unit further includes a supporting device 104.
  • One end of the supporting device 104 is fixed on the transparent substrate 100, and the other end is rotatably connected to the optical working plate 101.
  • One end of the electronically controlled telescopic device 102 is fixed on the transparent substrate 100, and the other end abuts against the lower surface of the optical working plate 101.
  • the electrode 103 is used to supply a voltage to the electronically controlled telescopic device 102.
  • a voltage is applied to the electronically controlled telescopic device 102, the electricity
  • the telescoping device 102 converts electrical energy into mechanical energy and performs telescopic motion. That is, the electronically controlled telescopic device 102 drives the optical working plate 101 to rotate in a direction perpendicular to the axial direction of the supporting device 104 under the action of an electric field, and the direction of the incident light incident on the light adjusting unit is constant. Change the angle of incidence of ambient light.
  • FIG. 3A and FIG. 3B are schematic diagrams of a first light adjusting unit according to an embodiment of the present invention. It is assumed that the incident angle of ambient light incident on the optical working plate 101 is 35 at the initial moment.
  • the first film layer is highly transparent to the ambient light
  • the light channel of the light adjusting unit 21 is in an open state, and the light can pass through the light adjusting unit 21 .
  • a voltage can be applied to the electronically controlled stretching device 102 through the electrode 103, so that the electronically controlled stretching device 102 performs a telescopic movement, and the optical working plate 101 is rotated to make the ambient light incident. The incident angle at the time of optical working plate 101 is increased.
  • the incident angle of ambient light incident on the optical working plate 101 is increased to a second angular range (60°, 75°), for example, when the incident angle of the ambient light is increased to 65°, the first film layer pair When the ambient light is high, the light channel of the light adjustment unit is in a closed state, and the light is reflected and cannot pass through the light adjustment unit.
  • a second angular range 60°, 75°
  • the incident light is incident on the optical working plate 101.
  • the angle of incidence is such that the angle of incidence is within a different range of angles of the film layer, thereby opening or closing the light path of the light conditioning unit.
  • the lower surface of the optical working plate 101 has a hemisphere.
  • an upper portion of the supporting device 104 has a hemispherical groove corresponding to the hemispherical projection.
  • a hemispherical projection may also be provided on the upper portion of the support member 104, and correspondingly, a hemispherical recess corresponding to the hemispherical projection may be provided on the lower surface of the optical working plate 101.
  • other embodiments may be employed to enable the optical working plate 101 to rotate around the supporting device 104, which is not limited in the present invention.
  • the light absorbing material may be applied at the hemispherical projections and the hemispherical grooves.
  • the light panel in order to increase the ratio of the rotation angle a of the optical working plate 101 and the elongation of the electronically controlled telescopic device 102, that is, when the elongation of the electronically controlled telescopic device 102 is small, the light panel is operated.
  • the board 101 is rotated at a large angle to save power consumption by the light adjustment unit.
  • a projection 1021 can be provided at the telescopic end of the electronically controlled telescopic device 102, and the lower surface of the optical working plate 101 has a downwardly inclined slope 1011 that matches the projection 1021.
  • the electronically controlled telescopic device 102 may be a transparent piezoelectric ceramic or a transparent piezoelectric crystal or the like.
  • the protrusion 1021 is a cantilever of the electronically controlled telescopic device 102.
  • a light absorbing material may be applied to the surfaces of the protrusion 1021 and the slope 1011.
  • a transparent protective cover may be separately covered on each of the light adjusting units, or a transparent protective cover 107 may be covered on the entire light adjusting unit array, as shown in FIG.
  • FIG. 6A and FIG. 6B are schematic diagrams showing the structure of a second light adjustment unit according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • the optical working plate 101 includes an upper working plate 1012 and a lower portion.
  • the upper working plate 1012 has a right-angled triangular shape or a right-angled ladder shape
  • the lower working plate 1013 has a right-angled ladder shape
  • the oblique side of the upper working plate 2012 is opposite to the oblique side of the lower working plate 1013.
  • the upper working plate 1012 and the lower working plate 1013 may be made of the same transparent material or of different transparent materials having the same or similar refractive indices.
  • the difference between the refractive index of the liquid 1014 and the refractive index of the upper working plate 1012 is less than a threshold value, that is, the refractive index of the liquid 1014 is the same as or very close to the refractive index of the upper working plate 1012.
  • the upper working plate 1012 and the lower working plate 1013 may be bk7 glass, the liquid 1014 may be 80% concentrated sugar water, and the 80% concentrated sugar water has a refractive index of about 1.49.
  • the upper working plate 1012 and the lower working plate 1013 may be quartz glass, the liquid 1014 may be polystyrene, and the polystyrene has a refractive index of about 1.55.
  • the light conditioning unit also includes a package outer wall 105.
  • One end of the electronically controlled telescopic device 102 is fixed on the transparent substrate 100, and the other end abuts against the elastic film 1015.
  • the elastic film 1015 As shown in FIG. 6A, when the electronically controlled telescopic device 102 is extended and the elastic film 1015 is in a deformed state, the oblique side of the lower working plate 1013, the oblique side of the upper working plate 1012, and the outer wall of the package. 105 and the elastic film 1015 constitute a closed channel 106 in which the liquid 1014 is located.
  • FIG. 7A is a schematic diagram of a second light adjusting unit according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • the refractive index of the liquid 1014, the upper working plate 1012, and the lower working plate 1013 is obtained.
  • the liquid 1014, the upper working plate 1012 and the lower working plate 1013 form a parallel plate, and the light passage of the light adjusting unit is in an open state, and the light can penetrate the upper working plate 1012, the liquid 1014 and the lower working plate 1013.
  • the elastic film 1015 is in a non-deformed state.
  • the upper bottom edge of the lower working plate 1013, the outer package wall 105 and the elastic film 1015 constitute a bottom storage space, and the bottom storage space communicates with the closed channel 106. Since the closed passage 106 is a beveled surface, when the liquid is filled, both ends of the closed passage 106 have a potential difference, and the liquid 1014 in the closed passage 106 pushes the elastic film 1015, and the liquid 1014 falls into the bottom storage space.
  • the light absorbing material may be coated on the partial package outer wall 105 surrounding the liquid storage space.
  • the closed channel 106 is formed by the upper working plate 1012 and the lower working plate 1013.
  • the refractive indices of the liquid 1014, the upper working plate 1012 and the lower working plate 1013 are the same or close.
  • the optical channel of the light adjustment unit is in an open state; when the liquid 1014 in the closed channel 106 falls into the bottom storage space, an interface of a large refractive index difference is formed between the upper working plate 1012 and the closed channel 106.
  • the light path of the light adjustment unit is in a closed state, thereby controlling the light channel on and off of the light adjustment unit by adjusting the refractive index of the optical working plate 101.
  • the electrode 103 is used to provide a voltage to the electronically controlled telescopic device 102.
  • the electronically controlled telescopic device 102 converts the electrical energy into mechanical energy and performs a telescopic motion.
  • the elastic film 1015 can be pushed to be deformed.
  • the liquid 1014 is located in the closed channel 106, and when the elastic film 1015 is in the non-deformed state, the liquid 1014 is located in the bottom storage space.
  • the electronically controlled telescopic device 102 may be a transparent piezoelectric ceramic or a transparent piezoelectric crystal or the like.
  • a possible case is as follows: As shown in FIG. 6A, the electronically controlled telescopic device 102 further includes a piston structure 1022. One end of the piston structure 1022 is connected to the telescopic end of the electronically controlled telescopic device 102, and the other end is abutted against the elastic film 1015. One end of the piston structure 1022 that abuts against the elastic film 1015 is curved.
  • the second possible case is as follows: As shown in FIG. 6B, the electronically controlled telescopic device 102 directly abuts the elastic film 1015, and the telescopic end of the electronically controlled telescopic device 102 has an arc shape.
  • the electronically controlled telescopic device 102 can be configured in the following two manners. In practical applications, the following two settings are not limited.
  • the first type of arrangement is as shown in FIG. 6A, the electronically controlled telescopic device 102 is located below the lower working plate 1013, and the telescopic direction of the electronically controlled telescopic device 102 is in contact with the lower working plate 1013.
  • the right angle sides of the elastic film 1015 are parallel.
  • the elastic film 1015 is in a deformed state, and the liquid 1014 is located in the closed channel 106.
  • FIG. 6B when the electronically controlled telescopic device 102 is contracted to the right, the elastic film 1015 In the non-deformed state, the bottom of the light conditioning unit forms a bottom storage space in communication with the closed channel 106, and the liquid 1014 falls into the bottom storage space.
  • the second arrangement the electronically controlled telescopic device 102 is located on the left or right side of the lower working plate 1013. As shown in FIG. 8A, the electronically controlled telescopic device 102 is located on the left side of the lower working plate 1013, and the telescopic direction of the electronically controlled telescopic device 102 and the lower working plate 1013 are in contact with the right angle of the elastic film 1015. The sides are vertical. When the electronically controlled telescopic device 102 is extended upward, the elastic film 1015 is in a deformed state, and the liquid 1014 is located in the closed channel 106. As shown in FIG.
  • the optical working plate 101 includes an optical plate 1016, two elastic members 1017, and a liquid 1018.
  • the optical plate 1016 and the elastic member 1017 may be made of a transparent material, and the refractive index of the liquid 1018 is greater than the refractive index of the optical plate 1016.
  • the light conditioning unit also includes a support device 104 and a package outer wall 105.
  • the two elastic members 1017 are respectively disposed at both ends of the optical flat plate 1016.
  • one end of the elastic member 1017 is fixedly coupled to the optical flat plate 1016, and the other end is fixedly coupled to the outer package wall 105.
  • One end of the supporting device 104 is fixed on the transparent substrate 100, and the other end is rotatably connected to the optical flat plate 1016.
  • One end of the electronically controlled telescopic device 102 is fixed on the transparent substrate 100, the other end is abutted against the lower surface of the optical flat plate 1016, and the optical flat plate 1016, the elastic member 1017 and the outer package wall 105 are assembled.
  • the liquid 1018 is located within the enclosed space.
  • the liquid 1018 may be a high refractive index liquid, that is, the refractive index of the liquid 1018 is much larger than the refractive index of the optical flat plate 1016.
  • the critical angle is the critical angle at which the ambient light is totally reflected
  • the light path of the light adjustment unit is in an open state, and the light can pass through the liquid 1018 and the optical plate 1016.
  • the incident angle of the ambient light incident on the optical plate 1016 is greater than or equal to the critical angle, the optical channel of the light adjustment unit is in a closed state, and the light is totally reflected and cannot pass through the light adjustment unit.
  • the electrode 103 is used to provide a voltage to the electronically controlled telescopic device 102.
  • the optical plate 1016 and the liquid 1018 form a parallel plate through which light can pass through the liquid 1018 and the optical plate 1016.
  • FIG. 10B when a voltage is applied to the electronically controlled telescopic device 102, the electronically controlled telescopic device 102 converts electrical energy into mechanical energy and performs a telescopic motion, thereby driving the optical plate 1016 to perform a rotational motion, thereby increasing ambient light incident on the optical plate.
  • an incident angle of 1016 when the incident angle is greater than or equal to the critical angle, the light is totally reflected.
  • a closed space filled with the liquid 1018 is formed on the optical flat plate 1016, and passed through The rotating optical plate 1016 changes the incident angle when the ambient light is incident on the optical plate 1016.
  • the incident angle is smaller than the critical angle
  • the light channel of the light adjusting unit is turned on, and when the incident angle is greater than or equal to the critical angle, the light channel of the light adjusting unit is closed.
  • the lower surface of the optical flat plate 1016 has a hemispherical projection, and the upper portion of the supporting device 104 has the hemisphere.
  • a hemispherical projection may also be provided on the upper portion of the support member 104, and correspondingly, a hemispherical recess corresponding to the hemispherical projection may be provided on the lower surface of the optical flat plate 1016.
  • other embodiments may be employed to enable the optical plate 1016 to rotate around the support device 104, which is not limited by the present invention.
  • a light conditioning device is provided. As shown in FIG. 11, the light adjustment device includes an array of light adjustment units.
  • the states of the optical channels of each of the light adjustment units 21 in the light adjustment unit array can be individually controlled.
  • the implementation of each of the light adjustment units 21 in the light adjustment unit array has been described in the above embodiments, and the details are not described herein again.
  • FIG. 12 is a schematic diagram of an optical transmissive HMD including an optical channel module 1 and a light adjustment device 2.
  • the optical channel module 1 projects the light 108 emitted by the optically transmissive HMD to the human eye so that the user can see the virtual image information in the optically transmissive HMD.
  • the optical channel of the light adjustment device 2 is in an on state, the ambient light 109 of the real environment can pass through the light adjustment device 2 and the optical channel module 1 and be received by the human eye, so that the user can simultaneously observe the projection in the transmissive HMD. Virtual image information and the real environment of the outside world.
  • the optical channel module 1 is a display component of the transmissive HMD, and the transmissive HMD projects light to the human eye through the optical channel module 1, and the light represents virtual image information.
  • the light adjustment device 2 overlaps the optical channel module 1, the light adjustment device 2 and the optical channel module 1 may be of the same size, or the size of the light adjustment device 2 may be larger than the size of the optical channel module 1.
  • the optical channel module 1 includes a plurality of pixel optical channels.
  • One pixel optical channel may correspond to one or more light adjustment units to achieve pixel level dimming, or a plurality of pixel optical channels may correspond to one light adjustment unit to implement adjacent pixel light channels through one light adjustment unit Dimming.
  • one light adjustment unit in the optical channel module 1 can correspond to one pixel optical channel in the light adjustment unit array, and thus, the light adjustment device 2 can light each pixel of the optical channel module 1 Whether the channel is adjusted by ambient light.
  • the embodiment of the present invention provides a new light adjusting device for turning on or off the optical channel of the light adjusting unit by adjusting the relevant optical parameters of the optical working plate in the light adjusting device.
  • the light adjusting device comprises a transparent substrate and an optical working plate made of a transparent material, when the light passes through the light adjusting device, the loss of ambient light is low, thereby improving the visual effect of the real physical environment seen by the user, and the light
  • the optical channel of the adjustment device is in the off state, the ambient light cannot be received by the human eye, so that the virtual image information seen by the user is more realistic.
  • a head mounted display device comprising an optical channel module 1 and a light adjustment device 2 overlapping the optical channel module 1.
  • the light adjustment device 2 is located on the far eye side of the optical channel module 1, that is, when the user wears the head mounted display device, the optical channel module 1 is located between the light adjustment device 2 and the human eye.
  • the light adjustment device 2 includes an array of light adjustment units. The light adjustment unit array has been described in the above embodiments, and the details are not described herein again.
  • the device further includes a main control system for determining virtual image information that the optical channel module 1 needs to project.
  • the superimposed condition on the light adjusting device 2, that is, the superimposed area, and then the optical channels of all the light adjusting units 21 in the superimposed area are turned off, so that the light of the external environment corresponding to the superimposed area is not received by the human eye, and the shielding effect is achieved.
  • the influence of the ambient light on the virtual image information projected by the HMD is eliminated, so that the virtual image information seen by the user is more realistic.
  • Unit 21 is a light adjustment unit that needs to close the light channel.
  • the main control system After determining the overlapping area, the main control system generates an electrical signal corresponding to all the light adjusting units 21 in the overlapping area, and the electrical signals are used to correlate the optical working plates of the light adjusting unit 21 in the overlapping area.
  • the optical parameters are adjusted to close the optical channels of all the light adjustment units 21 in the overlapping area such that the external environment field of view corresponding to the overlapping area is blocked.
  • the electrical signal can be loaded onto the electronically controlled telescopic device through the electrodes of the light adjustment unit 21, thereby driving the optical working plate movement of the light adjustment unit 21 through the electronically controlled telescopic device, adjusting the relevant optical parameters of the optical working plate, and
  • Each of the light adjustment units 21 in the array of adjustment units can be individually controlled. The specific control manner has been described in the foregoing embodiments, and the present invention will not be described herein.
  • the optical channel of the light adjusting unit is turned on or off by adjusting the relevant optical parameters of the optical working plate in the light adjusting device, since the light adjusting device includes a transparent substrate and is transparent.
  • An optical working plate made of a material therefore, when the light passes through the light adjusting device, the loss of ambient light is low, thereby improving the visual effect of the real physical environment seen by the user, and the light adjusting unit in the overlapping area
  • the optical channel is in the off state, the external environment corresponding to the overlapping area is blocked, and the ambient light cannot be received by the human eye, so that the virtual image information seen by the user is more realistic.
  • the light adjustment unit provided by the embodiment of the invention includes a transparent substrate; an optical working plate and an electronically controlled telescopic device disposed above the transparent substrate, and an electrode connected to the electronically controlled telescopic device; the electronically controlled telescopic device is used for
  • the optical working plate is moved to adjust related optical parameters of the optical working plate.
  • the light path of the light adjustment unit can be turned on or off by adjusting the relevant optical parameters of the optical working plate. It can be seen that the embodiment of the present invention provides a new method for adjusting ambient light. When the optical channel of the light adjustment unit is in an open state, external ambient light can enter the human eye, so that the user can observe the external environment.
  • the optical channel of the light adjustment unit when the optical channel of the light adjustment unit is in a closed state, the ambient light is blocked and cannot enter the human eye, thereby realizing adjustment of the ambient light.
  • the invention is not limited to the specific embodiments described above.
  • the invention extends to any new feature or any new combination disclosed in this specification, as well as any novel method or process steps or any new combination disclosed.

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Abstract

一种光调节单元（21）、光调节器件（2）及头戴显示装置。光调节单元（21）包括透明基板（100）；设置在透明基板（100）上方的光学工作板（101）和电控伸缩器件（102），与电控伸缩器件（102）连接的电极（103）；电控伸缩器件（102）用于在由电极（103）产生的电场的作用下带动光学工作板（101）运动，以调整光学工作板（101）的相关光学参数。提供了一种对外界环境光进行调节的方式，在光调节单元（21）的光通道处于开启状态时，外界环境光能够进入人眼，使得用户可以观察到外界的环境。由于光调节单元（21）对外界环境光的损耗较低，从而提高用户看到的真实物理环境的视觉效果。进一步，在光调节单元（21）的光通道处于关闭状态时，外界环境光被阻挡，无法进入人眼，从而实现对外界环境光的调节。

Description

一种光调节单元、光调节器件及头戴显示装置
本申请要求享有2016年10月13日提交的名称为“一种光调节单元、光调节器件及头戴显示装置”的中国专利申请CN201610892760.7的优先权，其全部内容通过引用并入本文中。
技术领域
本发明涉及增强现实领域，尤其涉及一种光调节单元、光调节器件及头戴显示装置。
背景技术
增强现实(Augmented Reality；AR)，是利用虚拟物体或信息对真实场景进行现实增强的技术。增强现实技术通过计算机系统识别分析及查询检索，将与真实物理环境图像存在关联的文本内容、图像内容或图像模型等虚拟生成的扩展信息或虚拟场景显示在真实物理环境影像中，从而使用户能够获得身处的现实物理环境中的真实物体的标注、说明等相关扩展信息，或者体验到现实物理环境中真实物体的立体的、突出强调的增强视觉效果。
头戴式显示器(Head-mounted displays，HMD)被广泛应用于AR系统中，用以增强用户的视觉沉浸感。其中，光学穿透式HMD就是在AR系统中广泛应用的一种。光学穿透式HMD具备较好的透光性，使用者可以同时观察到HMD中投射的虚拟影像和外界的环境。
现有技术中，为了使用户看到的虚拟图像信息更加真实，光学穿透式HMD需要对外界环境光进行调节。一般来讲，可以通过液晶阵列对外界环境光进行调节。虽然液晶阵列可以对外界环境光起到调节开关的作用，但是液晶阵列由两层偏光片组成，其对外界环境光的损耗较大，使得能够被人眼接收的环境光能量会大大减小，从而影响用户看到的真实物理环境的视觉效果。
可见，现有技术中存在的技术问题为：在通过液晶阵列对外界环境光进行调节时，会导致用户看到的真实物理环境的视觉效果变差。
发明内容
本发明的目的是提供一种光调节单元、光调节器件及头戴显示装置，用于解决现有技术中存在的在通过液晶阵列对外界环境光进行调节时，会导致用户看到的真实物理环境的视觉效果变差的技术问题。
为了实现上述发明目的，本发明实施例第一方面提供一种光调节单元，包括：透明基板；光学工作板、电控伸缩器件和与所述电控伸缩器件连接的电极；其中，光学工作板、电控伸缩器件和电极设置在所述透明基板的上方；所述电控伸缩器件用于在由所述电极产生的电场的作用下带动所述光学工作板运动，以调整所述光学工作板的相关光学参数。
可选地，所述光学工作板包括光学平板或光学曲面板，所述光学工作板的上表面设置有第一膜层，在入射角在第一角度范围内时，所述第一膜层高透，在所述入射角在第二角度范围内时，所述第一膜层高反，所述光学工作板的下表面设置有第二膜层，所述第二膜层高透，所述入射角为环境光入射到所述光学工作板时的入射角；
所述光调节单元还包括支撑器件；所述支撑器件的一端固定在所述透明基板上，另一端与所述光学工作板转动连接；所述电控伸缩器件的一端固定在所述透明基板上，另一端与所述光学工作板的下表面相抵接。
可选地，所述电控伸缩器件的伸缩端具有凸起，所述光学工作板的下表面具有与所述凸起匹配的向下倾斜的斜面。
可选地，所述电控伸缩器件为透明压电陶瓷，所述凸起为所述电控伸缩器件的悬臂。
可选地，所述光学工作板包括上工作板、下工作板、液体和弹性薄膜，所述上工作板呈直角三角形状或者直角梯形状，所述下工作板呈直角梯形状，所述上工作板的斜边和所述下工作板的斜边相对；
所述光调节单元还包括封装外壁，所述弹性薄膜设置在所述下工作板和所述封装外壁之间；所述电控伸缩器件的一端固定在所述透明基板上，另一端与所述弹性薄膜抵接；在所述电控伸缩器件伸展、所述弹性薄膜处于形变状态时，所述下工作板的斜边、所述上工作板的斜边、所述封装外壁和所述弹性薄膜组成封闭通道，所述液体位于所述封闭通道内；在所述电控伸缩器件收缩、所述弹性薄膜处于非形变状态时，所述下工作板的上底边、所述封装外壁和所述弹性薄膜组成底部存储空间，所述液体位于所述底部存储空间内；
所述上工作板和所述下工作板的折射率相同，所述液体的折射率与所述上工作板的折射率之间的差值小于阈值。
可选地，所述电控伸缩器件位于所述下工作板的下方，所述电控伸缩器件的伸缩方向 与所述下工作板的能够接触到所述弹性薄膜的直角边平行；或
所述电控伸缩器件位于所述下工作板的左侧或右侧，所述电控伸缩器件的伸缩方向与所述下工作板的能够接触到所述弹性薄膜的直角边垂直。
可选地，所述电控伸缩器件的伸缩端为弧形；或
所述电控伸缩器件还包括活塞结构，所述活塞结构的一端与所述电控伸缩器件的伸缩端连接，另一端与所述弹性薄膜抵接，所述活塞结构的与所述弹性薄膜抵接的一端为弧形。
可选地，所述光学工作板包括光学平板、两个弹性元件和液体，所述液体的折射率大于所述光学平板的折射率；
所述光调节单元还包括支撑器件和封装外壁；所述两个弹性元件分别设置在所述光学平板的两端，所述弹性元件的一端与所述光学平板固定连接，另一端与所述封装外壁固定连接；所述支撑器件的一端固定在所述透明基板上，另一端与所述光学平板转动连接；所述电控伸缩器件的一端固定在所述透明基板上，另一端与所述光学平板的下表面相抵接；所述光学平板、所述弹性元件和所述封装外壁组成封闭空间，所述液体位于所述封闭空间内。
可选地，所述光学工作板的下表面具有半球形凸起，所述支撑器件的上部具有与所述半球形凸起对应的半球形凹槽；或
所述光学工作板的下表面具有半球形凹槽，所述支撑器件的上部具有与所述半球形凹槽对应的半球形凸起。
可选地，所述电极为透明电极。
本发明实施例第二方面提供一种光调节器件，包括光调节单元阵列，所述光调节单元阵列中的每个光调节单元为第一方面中的任一种光调节单元。
可选地，所述光调节单元阵列中的一个光调节单元与一头戴显示装置的光学通道模块的一个像素光通道对应。
本发明实施例第三方面提供一种头戴显示装置，包括光学通道模块和与所述光学通道模块重叠的光调节器件，其中，所述光调节器件位于所述光学通道模块的远眼侧；
所述光调节器件包括光调节单元阵列，所述光调节单元阵列中的每个光调节单元包括光学工作板、电控伸缩器件和与所述电控伸缩器件连接的电极，所述电控伸缩器件用于在由所述电极产生的电场的作用下带动所述光学工作板运动，以调整所述光学工作板的相关光学参数。
可选地，所述相关光学参数包括环境光入射到所述光学工作板时的入射角和/或所述光学工作板的折射率。
可选地，所述装置还包括主控系统，用于确定所述光调节器件上与所述光学通道模块投射的虚拟图像信息重叠的重叠区域，并生成与所述重叠区域内的光调节单元对应的电信号，所述电信号用于对所述重叠区域内的光调节单元的光学工作板的相关光学参数进行调整，以关闭所述重叠区域内的光调节单元的光通道。
可选地，所述光调节单元阵列中的一个光调节单元与光学通道模块的一个像素光通道对应。
可选地，所述光学工作板包括光学平板，所述光学平板的上表面设置有第一膜层，在环境光入射到所述光学工作板时的入射角在第一角度范围内时，所述第一膜层高透，在所述入射角在第二角度范围内时，所述第一膜层高反，所述光学平板的下表面设置有第二膜层，所述第二膜层高透；
所述光调节单元还包括支撑器件和透明基板；所述支撑器件的一端固定在所述透明基板上，另一端与所述光学平板转动连接；所述电控伸缩器件的一端固定在所述透明基板上，另一端与所述光学平板的下表面相抵接。
可选地，所述光学平板的下表面具有半球形凸起，所述支撑器件的上部具有与所述半球形凸起对应的半球形凹槽；或
所述光学平板的下表面具有半球形凹槽，所述支撑器件的上部具有与所述半球形凹槽对应的半球形凸起。
可选地，所述电控伸缩器件的伸缩端具有凸起，所述光学平板的下表面具有与所述凸起匹配的向下倾斜的斜面。
可选地，所述电控伸缩器件为透明压电陶瓷，所述凸起为所述电控伸缩器件的悬臂。
可选地，所述光学工作板包括上工作板、下工作板、液体和弹性薄膜，所述上工作板呈直角三角形状或者直角梯形状，所述下工作板呈直角梯形状，所述上工作板的斜边和所述下工作板的斜边相对；
所述光调节单元还包括封装外壁和透明基板，所述弹性薄膜设置在所述下工作板和所述封装外壁之间；所述电控伸缩器件的一端固定在所述透明基板上，另一端与所述弹性薄膜抵接；在所述电控伸缩器件伸展、所述弹性薄膜处于形变状态时，所述下工作板的斜边、所述上工作板的斜边、所述封装外壁和所述弹性薄膜组成封闭通道，所述液体位于所述封 闭通道内；在所述电控伸缩器件收缩、所述弹性薄膜处于非形变状态时，所述下工作板的上底边、所述封装外壁和所述弹性薄膜组成底部存储空间，所述液体位于所述底部存储空间内；
所述上工作板和所述下工作板的折射率相同，所述液体的折射率与所述上工作板的折射率之间的差值小于阈值。
可选地，所述电控伸缩器件位于所述下工作板的下方，所述电控伸缩器件的伸缩方向与所述下工作板的能够接触到所述弹性薄膜的直角边平行；或
所述电控伸缩器件位于所述下工作板的左侧或右侧，所述电控伸缩器件的伸缩方向与所述下工作板的能够接触到所述弹性薄膜的直角边垂直。
可选地，所述电控伸缩器件的伸缩端为弧形；或
所述电控伸缩器件还包括活塞结构，所述活塞结构的一端与所述电控伸缩器件的伸缩端连接，另一端与所述弹性薄膜抵接，所述活塞结构的另一端为弧形。
可选地，所述光学工作板包括光学平板、两个弹性元件和液体，所述液体的折射率大于所述光学平板的折射率；
所述光调节单元还包括支撑器件、透明基板和封装外壁；所述两个弹性元件分别设置在所述光学平板的两端，所述弹性元件的一端与所述光学平板固定连接，另一端与所述封装外壁固定连接；所述支撑器件的一端固定在所述透明基板上，另一端与所述光学平板转动连接；所述电控伸缩器件的一端固定在所述透明基板上，另一端与所述光学平板的下表面相抵接；所述光学平板、所述弹性元件和所述封装外壁组成封闭空间，所述液体位于所述封闭空间内。
可选地，所述光学平板的下表面具有半球形凸起，所述支撑器件的上部具有与所述半球形凸起对应的半球形凹槽；或
所述光学平板的下表面具有半球形凹槽，所述支撑器件的上部具有与所述半球形凹槽对应的半球形凸起。
本发明实施例中的一个或者多个技术方案，至少具有如下技术效果或者优点：
本发明实施例提供的光调节单元，包括透明基板、光学工作板、电控伸缩器件和与所述电控伸缩器件连接的电极；透明基板、光学工作板、电控伸缩器件和电极设置在所述透明基板的上方，所述电控伸缩器件用于在所述电极产生的电场的作用下带动所述光学工作板运动，以调整所述光学工作板的相关光学参数。通过调整光学工作板的相关光学参数， 可以开启或关闭光调节单元的光通道。可见，本发明实施例提供了一种新的对外界环境光进行调节的方式，在光调节单元的光通道处于开启状态时，外界环境光能够进入人眼，使得用户可以观察到外界的环境。由于光调节单元对外界环境光的损耗较低，从而解决现有技术中存在的在通过液晶阵列对外界环境光进行调节时，会导致用户看到的真实物理环境的视觉效果变差的技术问题，提高用户看到的真实物理环境的视觉效果。
进一步，在光调节单元的光通道处于关闭状态时，外界环境光被阻挡，无法进入人眼，从而实现对外界环境光的调节。
附图说明
为了更清楚地说明本发明实施例或现有技术中的技术方案，下面将对实施例或现有技术描述中所需要使用的附图作简单地介绍，显而易见地，下面描述中的附图仅仅是本发明的一些实施例，对于本领域普通技术人员来讲，在不付出创造性劳动性的前提下，还可以根据这些附图获得其他的附图：
图1A和图1B为本发明实施例提供的第一种光调节单元的结构示意图；
图2A为本发明实施例提供的光学平板的示意图；
图2B为本发明实施例提供的光学曲面板的示意图；
图3A和图3B为本发明实施例提供的第一种光调节单元的原理图；
图4A和图4B为本发明实施例提供的光调节单元的凸起和斜面的示意图；
图5为本发明实施例提供的光调节单元的保护罩的示意图；
图6A和图6B为本发明实施例提供的第二种光调节单元的结构示意图；
图7A和图7B为本发明实施例提供的第二种光调节单元的原理图；
图8A和图8B为本发明实施例提供的电控伸缩器件的第二种设置方式的示意图；
图9A和图9B为本发明实施例提供的第三种光调节单元的结构示意图；
图10A和图10B为本发明实施例提供的第三种光调节单元的原理图；
图11为本发明实施例提供的光调节单元阵列的示意图；
图12为本发明实施例提供的头戴显示装置的示意图；
图13A为本发明实施例提供的虚拟图像信息在光学通道模块上所占的区域的示意图；
图13B为本发明实施例提供的光调节器件上与虚拟图像信息重叠的重叠区域的示意 图。
具体实施方式
下面将结合本发明实施例中的附图，对本发明实施例中的技术方案进行清楚、完整地描述，显然，所描述的实施例仅仅是本发明一部分实施例，而不是全部的实施例。基于本发明中的实施例，本领域普通技术人员在没有作出创造性劳动前提下所获得的所有其他实施例，都属于本发明保护的范围。
本发明实施例提供了一种光调节单元，如图1所示，图1为本发明实施例提供的一种可能的光调节单元的示意图。其中，光调节单元包括透明基板100、光学工作板101、电控伸缩器件102以及与所述电控伸缩器件102连接的电极103。透明基板100、光学工作板101、电控伸缩器件102和电极103设置在所述透明基板100的上方。所述电控伸缩器件102用于在电极103产生的电场的作用下带动所述光学工作板101运动，以调整所述光学工作板101的相关光学参数。
其中，透明基板100可以为透明玻璃基板。光学工作板101可以为由透明材料制成的光学器件，例如：透明玻璃、透明塑料或透明晶体等。电控伸缩器件102可以为透明器件，例如：透明压电陶瓷或透明压电晶体等。电极103可以为透明电极，例如：ITO(Indium tin oxide，氧化铟锡)等。
光学工作板101的相关光学参数不同时，光学工作板101对环境光的透过率不同。本发明实施例中，光学工作板101对环境光的透过率高时，则认为该光调节单元的光通道处于开启状态；光学工作板101对环境光的透过率低时，则认为该光调节单元的光通道处于关闭状态。例如：光学工作板101对环境光的透过率大于85％时，认为光调节单元的光通道处于开启状态；光学工作板101对环境光的透过率小于30％时，认为光调节单元的光通道处于关闭状态。本发明实施例中，相关光学参数包括以下两种情况，一种情况为：相关光学参数为环境光入射到光学工作板101上时，环境光的入射角。另一种情况为：相关光学参数为光学工作板101的折射率。
接下来，以相关光学参数为环境光入射到光学工作板101上时的入射角为例进行说明。假设入射到一个光调节单元上的环境光入射光线的方向不变，则通过电控伸缩器件102调整光学工作板101相对环境光入射光线的相对位置，就可以改变环境光入射到光学工作板101时的入射角。
进一步，光学工作板101上镀的膜层的功能为：具有两个角度范围的膜层，分别为第 一角度范围和第二角度范围。当环境光入射到光学工作板101上的入射角在第一角度范围内时，该膜层高透，光调节单元的光通道处于开启状态，此时环境光能够透过光学工作板101。当环境光入射到光学工作板101上的入射角在第二角度范围内时，该膜层高反，光调节单元的光通道处于关闭状态，此时环境光不能透过光学工作板101。可见，本发明实施例中，通过电控伸缩器件102调整环境光入射到光学工作板101时的入射角，能够使得光调节单元的光通道在开启状态和关闭状态之间切换。
本发明实施例中，膜层高透可以为膜层对环境光的透过率大于第一阈值，例如：假设第一阈值为85％，如果透光率大于85％，则认为膜层对环境光高透，在实际应用中，第一阈值也可以为90％或者95％等。膜层高反可以为膜层对环境光的透过率小于第二阈值，例如：假设第二阈值为15％，如果透光率小于15％，则认为膜层对环境光高反，在实际应用中，第二阈值也可以为10％或者5％等。
从上述方案可以看出，本发明实施例提供了一种新的光调节单元，通过电控伸缩器件102对光学工作板101的相关光学参数进行调整，开启或关闭光调节单元的光通道。由于光调节单元包括透明基板和透明材料制成的光学工作板101，因此，光线穿过光调节单元时，外界环境光的损耗较低，从而提高用户看到的真实物理环境的视觉效果，而光调节单元的光通道处于关闭状态时，外界环境光无法被人眼接收，从而实现对外界环境光的调节。
接下来，对本发明实施例中几种可能的光调节单元的实现方式进行说明，在具体实施过程中，不限于以下几种实现方式。
第一种实现方式：如图1A和图1B所示，所述光学工作板101的上下两面组成无焦系统。举例来讲，光学工作板101可以为光学平板，如图2A所示，光学工作板101也可以为具有一定弧度的光学曲面板，如图2B所示。进一步，光学工作板101的上下表面镀有不同的膜层，分别为上表面的第一膜层和下表面的第二膜层。第一膜层的功能为：具有两个角度范围。当环境光入射到光学工作板101上的入射角在第一角度范围内时，所述第一膜层对外界环境光高透，当环境光入射到光学工作板101上的入射角在第二角度范围内时，所述第一膜层对外界环境光高反。无论环境光以何种入射角入射到光学工作板101上，所述第二膜层对外界环境光都高透。
所述光调节单元还包括支撑器件104，所述支撑器件104的一端固定在所述透明基板100上，另一端与所述光学工作板101转动连接。所述电控伸缩器件102的一端固定在所述透明基板100上，另一端与所述光学工作板101的下表面相抵接。
电极103用于向电控伸缩器件102提供电压。在电控伸缩器件102上加载电压时，电 控伸缩器件102将电能转化为机械能并进行伸缩运动。也就是说，电控伸缩器件102在电场作用下带动光学工作板101绕垂直于支撑器件104的轴向ON的方向旋转，而入射到光调节单元上的环境光入射光线的方向不变，从而改变环境光的入射角。
本发明实施例中，假设第一膜层的第一角度范围为(30°，40°)，当环境光入射到光学工作板101上的入射角在第一角度范围内，第一膜层对环境光高透，第二角度范围为(60°，75°)，当环境光入射到光学工作板101上的入射角在第二角度范围内，第一膜层对环境光高反。如图3A和图3B所示，图3A和图3B为本发明实施例提供的第一种光调节单元的原理图，假设在初始时刻，环境光入射到光学工作板101上的入射角为35°，由于35°在第一角度范围(30°，40°)内，因此第一膜层对环境光高透，该光调节单元21的光通道处于开启状态，光线能够透过光调节单元21。如图3B所示，为了关闭光调节单元的光通道，可以通过电极103向电控伸缩器件102加载电压，使得电控伸缩器件102做伸缩运动，带动光学工作板101旋转，使得环境光入射到光学工作板101时的入射角增大。当环境光入射到光学工作板101上的入射角增大到第二角度范围(60°，75°)内时，例如：环境光的入射角增大为65°时，则第一膜层对环境光高反，该光调节单元的光通道处于关闭状态，光线发生反射，不能够透过光调节单元。
可见，上述方案中，通过在光学工作板101的上下表面镀不同的膜层，并通过电控伸缩器件102的伸缩运动带动光学工作板101旋转，以调整环境入射光入射到光学工作板101时的入射角，使得入射角位于膜层的不同角度范围内，从而开启或关闭光调节单元的光通道。
在第一种实现方式中，为了使光学工作板101在电控伸缩器件102的带动下旋转，根据一种可能的实施方式，如图4A所示，所述光学工作板101的下表面具有半球形凸起，所述支撑器件104的上部具有与所述半球形凸起对应的半球形凹槽。在实际应用中，也可以在支撑器件104的上部设置一半球形凸起，相应地，在光学工作板101的下表面设置与该半球形凸起对应的半球形凹槽。在实际应用中，还可以采用其他实施方式，使得光学工作板101能够围绕支撑器件104旋转，本发明对此不做限制。
进一步，为了消除环境光在半球形凸起和半球形凹槽处的光调制，可以在半球形凸起和半球形凹槽处涂覆吸光材料。
本发明实施例中，为了增大光学工作板101的旋转角度a和电控伸缩器件102的伸长量的比值，也就是说，在电控伸缩器件102的伸长量较小时，使得光板工作板101旋转较大的角度，从而节省光调节单元带来的功耗，则根据一种可能的实施方式，如图4A和图 4B所示，可以在电控伸缩器件102的伸缩端设置一凸起1021，所述光学工作板101的下表面具有与所述凸起1021匹配的向下倾斜的斜面1011。在实际应用中，所述电控伸缩器件102可以为透明压电陶瓷或者透明压电晶体等。以电控伸缩器件102为透明压电陶瓷为例，则所述凸起1021为所述电控伸缩器件102的悬臂。
进一步，为了消除环境光在凸起1021和斜面1011处的光调制，可以在凸起1021和斜面1011的表面涂覆吸光材料。
在第一种实现方式中，可以在每一个光调节单元上单独覆盖一层透明保护罩，或者在整个光调节单元阵列上覆盖一层透明保护罩107，如图5所示。
第二种实现方式：如图6A和图6B所示，图6A和图6B为本发明实施例提供的第二种光调节单元的结构示意图，所述光学工作板101包括上工作板1012、下工作板1013、液体1014和弹性薄膜1015。所述上工作板1012呈直角三角形状或者直角梯形状，所述下工作板1013呈直角梯形状，所述上工作板2012的斜边和所述下工作板1013的斜边相对。
其中，上工作板1012和下工作板1013可以为由相同的透明材料制成，或者由具有相同或者相近折射率的不同透明材料制成。液体1014的折射率与上工作板1012的折射率之间的差值小于阈值，也就是说，液体1014的折射率和上工作板1012的折射率相同或者非常接近。
举例来讲：上工作板1012和下工作板1013可以为bk7玻璃，液体1014可以为浓度为80％的糖水，浓度80％的糖水的折射率约为1.49。又例如：上工作板1012和下工作板1013可以为石英玻璃，液体1014可以为聚苯乙烯，聚苯乙烯的折射率约为1.55。
所述光调节单元还包括封装外壁105。所述电控伸缩器件102的一端固定在所述透明基板100上，另一端与所述弹性薄膜1015抵接。如图6A所示，在所述电控伸缩器件102伸展、所述弹性薄膜1015处于形变状态时，所述下工作板1013的斜边、所述上工作板1012的斜边、所述封装外壁105和所述弹性薄膜1015组成封闭通道106，所述液体1014位于所述封闭通道106内。如图7A所示，图7A为本发明实施例提供的第二种光调节单元的原理图，液体1014充满整个封闭通道106时，由于液体1014、上工作板1012和下工作板1013的折射率相同或者接近，液体1014、上工作板1012和下工作板1013构成平行平板，光调节单元的光通道处于开启状态，光线可以穿透上工作板1012、液体1014和下工作板1013。
如图6B所示，在所述电控伸缩器件102收缩、所述弹性薄膜1015处于非形变状态 时，所述下工作板1013的上底边、所述封装外壁105和所述弹性薄膜1015组成底部存储空间，底部存储空间与封闭通道106连通。由于封闭通道106为斜面，注满液体时，封闭通道106的两端具有势差，封闭通道106内的液体1014推动弹性薄膜1015，液体1014落到底部存储空间内。此时，在上工作板1012和封闭通道106间形成了大折射率差的分界面，光线被反射回外界环境，光调节单元的光通道处于关闭状态，如图7B所示。
本发明实施例中，为了消除环境光在底部存储空间处的光调制，可以在围成液体存储空间的部分封装外壁105上涂覆吸光材料。
可见，上述方案中，通过上工作板1012和下工作板1013形成封闭通道106，封闭通道106内注满液体1014时，液体1014、上工作板1012和下工作板1013的折射率相同或接近，此时，光调节单元的光通道处于开启状态；封闭通道106内的液体1014落到底部存储空间内时，在上工作板1012和封闭通道106间形成了大折射率差的分界面，此时，光调节单元的光通道处于关闭状态，从而通过调整光学工作板101的折射率对光调节单元的光通道通断进行控制。
在第二种实现方式中，电极103用于向电控伸缩器件102提供电压，在电控伸缩器件102上加载电压时，电控伸缩器件102将电能转化为机械能并进行伸缩运动。电控伸缩器件102进行伸缩运动时，能够推动弹性薄膜1015产生形变。本发明实施例中，在弹性薄膜1015处于形变状态时，液体1014位于封闭通道106内，在弹性薄膜1015处于非形变状态时，液体1014位于底部存储空间内。
具体地，电控伸缩器件102可以为透明压电陶瓷或者透明压电晶体等。本发明实施例中，一种可能的情况为：如图6A所示，电控伸缩器件102还包括活塞结构1022。所述活塞结构1022的一端与所述电控伸缩器件102的伸缩端连接，另一端与所述弹性薄膜1015抵接。活塞结构1022的与弹性薄膜1015抵接的一端为弧形。第二种可能的情况为：如图6B所示，电控伸缩器件102与弹性薄膜1015直接抵接，电控伸缩器件102的伸缩端为弧形。
进一步，电控伸缩器件102可以为以下两种设置方式，在实际应用中，不限于以下两种设置方式。
第一种设置方式：如图6A所示，所述电控伸缩器件102位于所述下工作板1013的下方，所述电控伸缩器件102的伸缩方向与所述下工作板1013的能够接触到弹性薄膜1015的直角边平行。电控伸缩器件102向左伸展时，弹性薄膜1015处于形变状态，液体1014位于封闭通道106中。如图6B所示，电控伸缩器件102向右收缩时，弹性薄膜1015 处于非形变状态，光调节单元的底部形成与封闭通道106连通的底部存储空间，液体1014落到底部存储空间中。
第二种设置方式：所述电控伸缩器件102位于所述下工作板1013的左侧或右侧。如图8A所示，所述电控伸缩器件102位于所述下工作板1013的左侧，所述电控伸缩器件102的伸缩方向与所述下工作板1013的能够接触到弹性薄膜1015的直角边垂直。电控伸缩器件102向上伸展时，弹性薄膜1015处于形变状态，液体1014位于封闭通道106中。如图8B所示，电控伸缩器件102向下收缩时，弹性薄膜1015处于非形变状态，光调节单元的底部形成与封闭通道106连通的底部存储空间，液体1014落到底部存储空间中。
第三种实现方式：如图9A和图9B所示，所述光学工作板101包括光学平板1016、两个弹性元件1017和液体1018。其中，光学平板1016和弹性元件1017可以由透明材料制成，所述液体1018的折射率大于所述光学平板1016的折射率。
光调节单元还包括支撑器件104和封装外壁105。所述两个弹性元件1017分别设置在所述光学平板1016的两端。对于每个弹性元件1017来说，该弹性元件1017的一端与所述光学平板1016固定连接，另一端与所述封装外壁105固定连接。所述支撑器件104的一端固定在所述透明基板100上，另一端与所述光学平板1016转动连接。所述电控伸缩器件102的一端固定在所述透明基板100上，另一端与所述光学平板1016的下表面相抵接、所述光学平板1016、所述弹性元件1017和所述封装外壁105组成封闭空间，所述液体1018位于所述封闭空间内。
本发明实施例中，液体1018可以为高折射率液体，也就是说，液体1018的折射率远大于光学平板1016的折射率。当环境光入射到光学平板1016的入射角小于临界角时(临界角为环境光发生全反射的临界角度)，光调节单元的光通道处于开启状态，光线可以透过液体1018和光学平板1016。当环境光入射到光学平板1016的入射角大于或者等于临界角时，光调节单元的光通道处于关闭状态，光线发生全反射，不能透过光调节单元。
本发明实施例中，电极103用于向电控伸缩器件102提供电压。如图10A所示，在电控伸缩器件102上未加载电压时，光学平板1016和液体1018构成平行平板，光线能够穿过液体1018和光学平板1016。如图10B所示，在电控伸缩器件102上加载电压时，电控伸缩器件102将电能转化为机械能并进行伸缩运动，进而带动光学平板1016做旋转运动，从而增大环境光线入射到光学平板1016时的入射角，当入射角大于或者等于临界角时，光线发生全反射。
可见，上述方案中，通过在光学平板1016上形成注满液体1018的封闭空间，并通过 转动光学平板1016改变环境光线入射到光学平板1016时的入射角，当入射角小于临界角时，光调节单元的光通道被开启，当入射角大于或者等于临界角时，光调节单元的光通道被关闭。
进一步，为了使光学平板1016在电控伸缩器件102的带动下旋转，如图9A所示，所述光学平板1016的下表面具有半球形凸起，所述支撑器件104的上部具有与所述半球形凸起对应的半球形凹槽。在实际应用中，也可以在支撑器件104的上部设置一半球形凸起，相应地，在光学平板1016的下表面设置与该半球形凸起对应的半球形凹槽。在实际应用中，还可以采用其他实施方式，使得光学平板1016能够围绕支撑器件104旋转，本发明对此不做限制。
本发明的另一实施例中，提供一种光调节器件。如图11所示，光调节器件包括光调节单元阵列。
其中，光调节单元阵列中的每个光调节单元21的光通道的状态可以单独被控制。光调节单元阵列中的每个光调节单元21的实现方式已在上述实施例中进行说明，本申请在此不再赘述。
由于光调节器件能够对自身的光通道通断进行调节，因此，光调节器件可以应用在光学穿透式HMD中。如图12所示，图12为光学穿透式HMD的示意图，其中，光学穿透式HMD包括光学通道模块1和光调节器件2。光学通道模块1将光学穿透式HMD发出的光线108投射至人眼，使得用户可以看到光学穿透式HMD中的虚拟图像信息。在光调节器件2的光通道处于开启状态时，真实环境的环境光线109能够穿过光调节器件2和光学通道模块1，被人眼接收，因此，用户可以同时观察到穿透式HMD中投射的虚拟图像信息和外界的真实环境。
其中，光学通道模块1为穿透式HMD的显示组件，穿透式HMD通过光学通道模块1向人眼投射光线，光线代表虚拟图像信息。光调节器件2与光学通道模块1重叠，光调节器件2和光学通道模块1可以为同样的尺寸，或者，光调节器件2的尺寸也可以大于光学通道模块1的尺寸。
光学通道模块1包括多个像素光通道。一个像素光通道可以与一个或多个光调节单元对应，以实现像素级调光，或者多个像素光通道可以与一个光调节单元对应，以通过一个光调节单元实现相邻几个像素光通道的调光。在一种可能的实施方式中，光学通道模块1中的一个光调节单元可以与光调节单元阵列中的一个像素光通道对应，因此，光调节器件2能够对光学通道模块1的每个像素光通道是否透过环境光线进行调节。
从上述方案可以看出，本发明实施例提供了一种新的光调节器件，通过对光调节器件中的光学工作板的相关光学参数进行调整，来开启或关闭光调节单元的光通道。由于光调节器件包括透明基板和透明材料制成的光学工作板，因此，光线穿过光调节器件时，外界环境光的损耗较低，从而提高用户看到的真实物理环境的视觉效果，而光调节器件的光通道处于关闭状态时，外界环境光无法被人眼接收，从而使得用户看到的虚拟图像信息更加真实。
本发明的另一实施例中，还提供一种头戴显示装置，如图11和图12所示，包括光学通道模块1和与所述光学通道模块1重叠的光调节器件2。其中，所述光调节器件2位于所述光学通道模块1的远眼侧，即在用户佩戴头戴显示装置时，光学通道模块1位于光调节器件2和人眼之间。所述光调节器件2包括光调节单元阵列，所述光调节单元阵列在上述实施例中已经说明，本申请在此不再赘述。
本发明实施例中，为了增加穿透式HMD投射的虚拟图像的真实性，根据一种可能的实施方式，所述装置还包括主控系统，用于确定光学通道模块1需要投射的虚拟图像信息在光调节器件2上的叠加情况，即叠加区域，然后关闭叠加区域内的所有光调节单元21的光通道，使得与叠加区域对应的外界环境的光线不被人眼接收，达到遮蔽的效果，从而消除外界环境光对HMD投射的虚拟图像信息的影响，使得用户看到的虚拟图像信息更加真实。
具体的，如图13A和图13B所示，其中，矩形框内区域为某一时刻下光学通道模块1所需投射的虚拟图像信息与光调节器件2的重叠区域，重叠区域内的所有光调节单元21为需要关闭光通道的光调节单元。
进一步，主控系统在确定重叠区域后，生成与所述重叠区域内的所有光调节单元21对应的电信号，所述电信号用于对重叠区域内的光调节单元21的光学工作板的相关光学参数进行调整，以关闭所述重叠区域内的所有光调节单元21的光通道，使得重叠区域对应的外界环境视场被遮挡。
具体地，电信号可以通过光调节单元21的电极加载到电控伸缩器件上，从而通过电控伸缩器件带动光调节单元21的光学工作板运动，调整光学工作板的相关光学参数，并且，光调节单元阵列中的每个光调节单元21可以单独控制，具体的控制方式在前述实施例中已经说明，本发明在此不再赘述。
从上述方案可以看出，本发明实施例中，通过对光调节器件中的光学工作板的相关光学参数进行调整，来开启或关闭光调节单元的光通道，由于光调节器件包括透明基板和透 明材料制成的光学工作板，因此，光线穿过光调节器件时，外界环境光的损耗较低，从而提高用户看到的真实物理环境的视觉效果，而在重叠区域内的光调节单元的光通道处于关闭状态时，重叠区域对应的外界环境视场被遮挡，外界环境光无法被人眼接收，从而使得用户看到的虚拟图像信息更加真实。
本发明实施例中的一个或者多个技术方案，至少具有如下技术效果或者优点：
本发明实施例提供的光调节单元，包括透明基板；设置在所述透明基板上方的光学工作板和电控伸缩器件，与所述电控伸缩器件连接的电极；所述电控伸缩器件用于带动所述光学工作板运动，以调整所述光学工作板的相关光学参数。通过调整光学工作板的相关光学参数，可以开启或关闭光调节单元的光通道。可见，本发明实施例提供了一种新的对外界环境光进行调节的方式，在光调节单元的光通道处于开启状态时，外界环境光能够进入人眼，使得用户可以观察到外界的环境，由于光调节单元对外界环境光的损耗较低，从而解决现有技术中存在的在通过液晶阵列对外界环境光进行调节时，会导致用户看到的真实物理环境的视觉效果变差的技术问题，提高用户看到的真实物理环境的视觉效果。
进一步，在光调节单元的光通道处于关闭状态时，外界环境光被阻挡，无法进入人眼，从而实现对外界环境光的调节。
本说明书中公开的所有特征，或公开的所有方法或过程中的步骤，除了互相排斥的特征和/或步骤以外，均可以以任何方式组合。
本说明书(包括任何附加权利要求、摘要和附图)中公开的任一特征，除非特别叙述，均可被其他等效或具有类似目的的替代特征加以替换。即，除非特别叙述，每个特征只是一系列等效或类似特征中的一个例子而已。
本发明并不局限于前述的具体实施方式。本发明扩展到任何在本说明书中披露的新特征或任何新的组合，以及披露的任一新的方法或过程的步骤或任何新的组合。

Claims (24)

  1. 一种光调节单元，其特征在于，包括：
    透明基板；以及
    光学工作板、电控伸缩器件和与所述电控伸缩器件连接的电极；
    其中，所述光学工作板、所述电控伸缩器件和所述电极设置在所述透明基板的上方，所述电控伸缩器件用于在由所述电极产生的电场的作用下带动所述光学工作板运动，以调整所述光学工作板的相关光学参数。
  2. 如权利要求1所述的光调节单元，其特征在于，所述光学工作板包括光学平板或光学曲面板，所述光学工作板的上表面设置有第一膜层；在入射角在第一角度范围内时，所述第一膜层高透，在所述入射角在第二角度范围内时，所述第一膜层高反；所述光学工作板的下表面设置有第二膜层，所述第二膜层高透；所述入射角为环境光入射到所述光学工作板时的入射角；
    所述光调节单元还包括支撑器件；所述支撑器件的一端固定在所述透明基板上，另一端与所述光学工作板转动连接；所述电控伸缩器件的一端固定在所述透明基板上，另一端与所述光学工作板的下表面相抵接。
  3. 如权利要求2所述的光调节单元，其特征在于，所述电控伸缩器件的伸缩端具有凸起，所述光学工作板的下表面具有与所述凸起匹配的向下倾斜的斜面。
  4. 如权利要求3所述的光调节单元，其特征在于，所述电控伸缩器件为透明压电陶瓷，所述凸起为所述电控伸缩器件的悬臂。
  5. 如权利要求1所述的光调节单元，其特征在于，所述光学工作板包括上工作板、下工作板、液体和弹性薄膜，所述上工作板呈直角三角形状或者直角梯形状，所述下工作板呈直角梯形状，所述上工作板的斜边和所述下工作板的斜边相对；
    所述光调节单元还包括封装外壁，所述弹性薄膜设置在所述下工作板和所述封装外壁之间；所述电控伸缩器件的一端固定在所述透明基板上，另一端与所述弹性薄膜抵接；在所述电控伸缩器件伸展、所述弹性薄膜处于形变状态时，所述下工作板的斜边、所述上工作板的斜边、所述封装外壁和所述弹性薄膜组成封闭通道，所述液体位于所述封闭通道内；在所述电控伸缩器件收缩、所述弹性薄膜处于非形变状态时，所述下工作板的上底边、所述封装外壁和所述弹性薄膜组成底部存储空间，所述液体位于所述底部存储空间内；
    所述上工作板和所述下工作板的折射率相同，所述液体的折射率与所述上工作板的折 射率之间的差值小于阈值。
  6. 如权利要求5所述的光调节单元，其特征在于，所述电控伸缩器件位于所述下工作板的下方，所述电控伸缩器件的伸缩方向与所述下工作板的能够接触到所述弹性薄膜的直角边平行；或
    所述电控伸缩器件位于所述下工作板的左侧或右侧，所述电控伸缩器件的伸缩方向与所述下工作板的能够接触到所述弹性薄膜的直角边垂直。
  7. 如权利要求5所述的光调节单元，其特征在于，所述电控伸缩器件的伸缩端为弧形；或
    所述电控伸缩器件还包括活塞结构，所述活塞结构的一端与所述电控伸缩器件的伸缩端连接，另一端与所述弹性薄膜抵接，所述活塞结构的与所述弹性薄膜抵接的一端为弧形。
  8. 如权利要求1所述的光调节单元，其特征在于，所述光学工作板包括光学平板、两个弹性元件和液体，所述液体的折射率大于所述光学平板的折射率；
    所述光调节单元还包括支撑器件和封装外壁；所述两个弹性元件分别设置在所述光学平板的两端，所述弹性元件的一端与所述光学平板固定连接，另一端与所述封装外壁固定连接；所述支撑器件的一端固定在所述透明基板上，另一端与所述光学平板转动连接；所述电控伸缩器件的一端固定在所述透明基板上，另一端与所述光学平板的下表面相抵接；所述光学平板、所述弹性元件和所述封装外壁组成封闭空间，所述液体位于所述封闭空间内。
  9. 如权利要求2或8所述的光调节单元，其特征在于，所述光学工作板的下表面具有半球形凸起，所述支撑器件的上部具有与所述半球形凸起对应的半球形凹槽；或
    所述光学工作板的下表面具有半球形凹槽，所述支撑器件的上部具有与所述半球形凹槽对应的半球形凸起。
  10. 一种光调节器件，其特征在于，包括光调节单元阵列，所述光调节单元阵列中的每个光调节单元为如权利要求1-9中任一项所述的光调节单元。
  11. 如权利要求10所述的光调节器件，其特征在于，所述光调节单元阵列中的一个光调节单元与一头戴显示装置的光学通道模块的一个像素光通道对应。
  12. 一种头戴显示装置，其特征在于，包括光学通道模块和与所述光学通道模块重叠的光调节器件，其中，所述光调节器件位于所述光学通道模块的远眼侧；
    所述光调节器件包括光调节单元阵列，所述光调节单元阵列中的每个光调节单元包括 光学工作板、电控伸缩器件和与所述电控伸缩器件连接的电极，所述电控伸缩器件用于在由所述电极产生的电场的作用下带动所述光学工作板运动，以调整所述光学工作板的相关光学参数。
  13. 如权利要求12所述的装置，其特征在于，所述相关光学参数包括环境光入射到所述光学工作板时的入射角和/或所述光学工作板的折射率。
  14. 如权利要求12所述的装置，其特征在于，所述装置还包括主控系统，用于确定所述光调节器件上与所述光学通道模块投射的虚拟图像信息重叠的重叠区域，并生成与所述重叠区域内的光调节单元对应的电信号，所述电信号用于对所述重叠区域内的光调节单元的光学工作板的相关光学参数进行调整，以关闭所述重叠区域内的光调节单元的光通道。
  15. 如权利要求12所述的装置，其特征在于，所述光调节单元阵列中的一个光调节单元与光学通道模块的一个像素光通道对应。
  16. 如权利要求12-15中任一项所述的装置，其特征在于，所述光学工作板包括光学平板，所述光学平板的上表面设置有第一膜层，在环境光入射到所述光学工作板时的入射角在第一角度范围内时，所述第一膜层高透，在所述入射角在第二角度范围内时，所述第一膜层高反，所述光学平板的下表面设置有第二膜层，所述第二膜层高透；
    所述光调节单元还包括支撑器件和透明基板；所述支撑器件的一端固定在所述透明基板上，另一端与所述光学平板转动连接；所述电控伸缩器件的一端固定在所述透明基板上，另一端与所述光学平板的下表面相抵接。
  17. 如权利要求16所述的装置，其特征在于，所述光学平板的下表面具有半球形凸起，所述支撑器件的上部具有与所述半球形凸起对应的半球形凹槽；或
    所述光学平板的下表面具有半球形凹槽，所述支撑器件的上部具有与所述半球形凹槽对应的半球形凸起。
  18. 如权利要求17所述的装置，其特征在于，所述电控伸缩器件的伸缩端具有凸起，所述光学平板的下表面具有与所述凸起匹配的向下倾斜的斜面。
  19. 如权利要求18所述的装置，其特征在于，所述电控伸缩器件为透明压电陶瓷，所述凸起为所述电控伸缩器件的悬臂。
  20. 如权利要求12-15中任一项所述的装置，其特征在于，所述光学工作板包括上工作板、下工作板、液体和弹性薄膜，所述上工作板呈直角三角形状或者直角梯形状，所述 下工作板呈直角梯形状，所述上工作板的斜边和所述下工作板的斜边相对；
    所述光调节单元还包括封装外壁和透明基板，所述弹性薄膜设置在所述下工作板和所述封装外壁之间；所述电控伸缩器件的一端固定在所述透明基板上，另一端与所述弹性薄膜抵接；在所述电控伸缩器件伸展、所述弹性薄膜处于形变状态时，所述下工作板的斜边、所述上工作板的斜边、所述封装外壁和所述弹性薄膜组成封闭通道，所述液体位于所述封闭通道内；在所述电控伸缩器件收缩、所述弹性薄膜处于非形变状态时，所述下工作板的上底边、所述封装外壁和所述弹性薄膜组成底部存储空间，所述液体位于所述底部存储空间内；
    所述上工作板和所述下工作板的折射率相同，所述液体的折射率与所述上工作板的折射率之间的差值小于阈值。
  21. 如权利要求20所述的装置，其特征在于，所述电控伸缩器件位于所述下工作板的下方，所述电控伸缩器件的伸缩方向与所述下工作板的能够接触到所述弹性薄膜的直角边平行；或
    所述电控伸缩器件位于所述下工作板的左侧或右侧，所述电控伸缩器件的伸缩方向与所述下工作板的能够接触到所述弹性薄膜的直角边垂直。
  22. 如权利要求20所述的装置，其特征在于，所述电控伸缩器件的伸缩端为弧形；或
    所述电控伸缩器件还包括活塞结构，所述活塞结构的一端与所述电控伸缩器件的伸缩端连接，另一端与所述弹性薄膜抵接，所述活塞结构的另一端为弧形。
  23. 如权利要求12-15中任一项所述的装置，其特征在于，所述光学工作板包括光学平板、两个弹性元件和液体，所述液体的折射率大于所述光学平板的折射率；
    所述光调节单元还包括支撑器件、透明基板和封装外壁；所述两个弹性元件分别设置在所述光学平板的两端，所述弹性元件的一端与所述光学平板固定连接，另一端与所述封装外壁固定连接；所述支撑器件的一端固定在所述透明基板上，另一端与所述光学平板转动连接；所述电控伸缩器件的一端固定在所述透明基板上，另一端与所述光学平板的下表面相抵接；所述光学平板、所述弹性元件和所述封装外壁组成封闭空间，所述液体位于所述封闭空间内。
  24. 如权利要求23所述的装置，其特征在于，所述光学平板的下表面具有半球形凸起，所述支撑器件的上部具有与所述半球形凸起对应的半球形凹槽；或
    所述光学平板的下表面具有半球形凹槽，所述支撑器件的上部具有与所述半球形凹槽对应的半球形凸起。
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