WO2018068504A1 - 一种用于地下结构n型连接预制分体柱 - Google Patents

一种用于地下结构n型连接预制分体柱 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2018068504A1
WO2018068504A1 PCT/CN2017/083529 CN2017083529W WO2018068504A1 WO 2018068504 A1 WO2018068504 A1 WO 2018068504A1 CN 2017083529 W CN2017083529 W CN 2017083529W WO 2018068504 A1 WO2018068504 A1 WO 2018068504A1
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reinforced concrete
column
prefabricated
underground structure
reserved
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PCT/CN2017/083529
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English (en)
French (fr)
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杜修力
许紫刚
许成顺
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北京工业大学
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Priority to US15/747,703 priority Critical patent/US10669719B2/en
Publication of WO2018068504A1 publication Critical patent/WO2018068504A1/zh

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    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04H—BUILDINGS OR LIKE STRUCTURES FOR PARTICULAR PURPOSES; SWIMMING OR SPLASH BATHS OR POOLS; MASTS; FENCING; TENTS OR CANOPIES, IN GENERAL
    • E04H9/00—Buildings, groups of buildings or shelters adapted to withstand or provide protection against abnormal external influences, e.g. war-like action, earthquake or extreme climate
    • E04H9/02—Buildings, groups of buildings or shelters adapted to withstand or provide protection against abnormal external influences, e.g. war-like action, earthquake or extreme climate withstanding earthquake or sinking of ground
    • E04H9/025—Structures with concrete columns
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04C—STRUCTURAL ELEMENTS; BUILDING MATERIALS
    • E04C3/00—Structural elongated elements designed for load-supporting
    • E04C3/30—Columns; Pillars; Struts
    • E04C3/32—Columns; Pillars; Struts of metal
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
    • E04B1/00—Constructions in general; Structures which are not restricted either to walls, e.g. partitions, or floors or ceilings or roofs
    • E04B1/62—Insulation or other protection; Elements or use of specified material therefor
    • E04B1/92—Protection against other undesired influences or dangers
    • E04B1/98—Protection against other undesired influences or dangers against vibrations or shocks; against mechanical destruction, e.g. by air-raids
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04C—STRUCTURAL ELEMENTS; BUILDING MATERIALS
    • E04C3/00—Structural elongated elements designed for load-supporting
    • E04C3/30—Columns; Pillars; Struts
    • E04C3/34—Columns; Pillars; Struts of concrete other stone-like material, with or without permanent form elements, with or without internal or external reinforcement, e.g. metal coverings
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04H—BUILDINGS OR LIKE STRUCTURES FOR PARTICULAR PURPOSES; SWIMMING OR SPLASH BATHS OR POOLS; MASTS; FENCING; TENTS OR CANOPIES, IN GENERAL
    • E04H9/00—Buildings, groups of buildings or shelters adapted to withstand or provide protection against abnormal external influences, e.g. war-like action, earthquake or extreme climate
    • E04H9/02—Buildings, groups of buildings or shelters adapted to withstand or provide protection against abnormal external influences, e.g. war-like action, earthquake or extreme climate withstanding earthquake or sinking of ground
    • E04H9/021—Bearing, supporting or connecting constructions specially adapted for such buildings
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04H—BUILDINGS OR LIKE STRUCTURES FOR PARTICULAR PURPOSES; SWIMMING OR SPLASH BATHS OR POOLS; MASTS; FENCING; TENTS OR CANOPIES, IN GENERAL
    • E04H9/00—Buildings, groups of buildings or shelters adapted to withstand or provide protection against abnormal external influences, e.g. war-like action, earthquake or extreme climate
    • E04H9/04—Buildings, groups of buildings or shelters adapted to withstand or provide protection against abnormal external influences, e.g. war-like action, earthquake or extreme climate against air-raid or other war-like actions
    • E04H9/06—Structures arranged in or forming part of buildings
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
    • E04B1/00—Constructions in general; Structures which are not restricted either to walls, e.g. partitions, or floors or ceilings or roofs
    • E04B1/348—Structures composed of units comprising at least considerable parts of two sides of a room, e.g. box-like or cell-like units closed or in skeleton form
    • E04B1/34815—Elements not integrated in a skeleton
    • E04B1/34823—Elements not integrated in a skeleton the supporting structure consisting of concrete

Definitions

  • the invention relates to the construction field of underground structure engineering, in particular to an n-type connection prefabricated split column for underground structure, and belongs to the technical field of seismic protection of prefabricated subway stations.
  • the axial compression ratio of the supporting column is changed, thereby changing the shear strength of the supporting column and Deformation performance.
  • the shear strength of the support columns is increased and the ultimate deformation capacity is reduced, which means that the support columns will share more horizontal directions acting on the underground structures due to soil deformation. Shearing, at the same time, its reduced ultimate deformability makes it possible to damage the side wall before it causes damage to the roof and the underground structural system.
  • the invention is based on the seismic damage characteristics of the underground structure and the failure mechanism of the underground structure, and proposes an n-type joint prefabricated split column for the underground structure, which is used to replace the common cast-in-place reinforced concrete column in the traditional underground structure.
  • the outer steel sheet is wrapped with the prefabricated reinforced concrete column after the n-shaped connecting piece is connected, and the joint between the precast reinforced concrete columns is not exposed to ensure the safe use of the split column; the underground structure is covered by the earthquake.
  • the body is prone to shear failure. Under the action of its own weight and additional vertical inertia force, the underground structure needs to bear a large vertical load.
  • the above-mentioned split column is used to replace the traditional cast-in-place reinforced concrete column, which overcomes the defect that the traditional reinforced concrete column has insufficient horizontal deformation ability under the action of high axial pressure, and the relative deformation between the precast reinforced concrete columns drives the n-type joint cutting. Deformation and dissipation of part of the seismic energy, thus protecting the key components of the underground structure from earthquake damage.
  • the invention discloses an n-type joint prefabricated split column for underground structure, which can withstand the vertical inertial force of a large overburden soil under earthquake action, and also increases the split column under the action of high axial pressure. The lateral deformation capability, thereby mitigating earthquake disasters in underground structures.
  • the present invention provides an n-type prefabricated split column for underground structure, which is composed of prefabricated reinforced concrete columns, n-type connecting pieces, outer steel sheets, reserved connecting steel bars, and reserved high strength.
  • Bolt composition is composed of prefabricated reinforced concrete columns, n-type connecting pieces, outer steel sheets, reserved connecting steel bars, and reserved high strength.
  • the prefabricated reinforced concrete column main body is a conventionally designed reinforced concrete column, and the top and bottom portions are respectively provided with reserved connecting steel bars, and the adjacent two sides are provided with high-strength bolts.
  • the reserved connecting steel bar connects the precast reinforced concrete column with the top beam and the bottom beam of the underground structure to form a reliable whole.
  • each of the reserved high-strength bolts constitutes one bolt group every four or more, and the bolt group is distributed at equal intervals along the height direction of the precast reinforced concrete column.
  • n-type connector is made of a low yield point soft steel material and is shaped like "n", and the two wings are reserved with bolt holes.
  • the n-type connector is installed between the two precast reinforced concrete columns by the reserved high-strength bolt; the n-type connecting members are equally spaced along the height direction of the precast reinforced concrete column, and The precast reinforced concrete columns are connected in pairs.
  • the outer steel sheet is made of a thin steel plate, and is externally attached to the outer side of the precast reinforced concrete column, and the precast reinforced concrete columns and the joints between them are integrally wrapped.
  • the working mechanism of the invention is that the above-mentioned n-type prefabricated split column for underground structure is installed on the key part of the underground structure by the connecting steel bar embedded in the bottom of the precast reinforced concrete column instead of the ordinary cast-in-place reinforced concrete column.
  • the prefabricated reinforced concrete columns and the joints between them are wrapped by the outer steel sheet to ensure the normal use of the split columns.
  • the first to be destroyed is the outer steel sheet, and then the relative deformation between the precast reinforced concrete columns drives the relative deformation of the n-type joint and dissipates part of the seismic energy.
  • the underground structure adopts n-type joint prefabricated split column to withstand the vertical load similar to the traditional cast-in-place reinforced concrete column, and the n-type connecting piece can provide large lateral deformation for the prefabricated split column under high axial pressure.
  • the ability to ensure the safety performance of the column in the key components of the underground structure during the earthquake greatly reduces the damage that the underground structure may cause during the earthquake.
  • the invention has the advantages that the precast reinforced concrete columns and the joints between them are integrally wrapped by the outer steel sheet to ensure the working performance of the split columns under normal use conditions.
  • the outer cladding is first destroyed by the earthquake, and then the relative deformation between the precast reinforced concrete columns drives the relative deformation of the n-connector and dissipates part of the seismic energy.
  • the n-type prefabricated split column of the underground structure is subjected to a large vertical load and has a relatively high lateral deformation capacity, thereby ensuring the safety performance of the column in the key components of the underground structure during the earthquake, and greatly reducing the underground structure. Destruction that may occur during an earthquake.
  • the invention has clear concept, clear principle, easy production and convenient maintenance.
  • Figure 1 is a top view of an n-type connected prefabricated split column.
  • Figure 2 shows a precast reinforced concrete column with reserved connections and reserved high-strength bolts.
  • Figure 3 is an n-type connector.
  • Figure 4 is a front elevational view of the n-type connection prefabricated split column.
  • Figure 5 shows an application of an n-type prefabricated split column in an underground structure.
  • an n-type prefabricated split column for underground structures consists of prefabricated reinforced concrete columns (1), n-type connectors (2), and outer steel sheets (3).
  • Reserve connection reinforcement (4) and reserve high-strength bolts (5) The longitudinal reinforcing bars of the precast reinforced concrete column (1) are all extended as the reserved connecting reinforcing bars (4) on the top bottom surface; the reinforcing cages of the precast reinforced concrete columns (1) are welded with the reserved high-strength bolts ( 5); the n-type connecting member (2) is connected to the high-strength bolt (5) through a reserved bolt hole of its two wings; the outer steel plate (3) is pasted on the outer side of the precast reinforced concrete column (1) , The prefabricated reinforced concrete columns connected by two and two and the joints between them are integrally wrapped.
  • the main body of the precast reinforced concrete column (1) is an ordinary reinforced concrete column, which is prefabricated in a reinforced concrete member processing factory according to the corresponding size, and transported to the site for assembly.
  • the prefabricated reinforced concrete column (1) is extended in the top and bottom of the prefabricated reinforced concrete column, and the extension length is not less than 50 cm, as the reserved connecting steel bar (4) and the underground structure top beam and bottom.
  • the beams are connected.
  • the precast reinforced concrete column (1) is welded with high strength bolts of about 10 cm on the steel cage during the prefabrication process. After the concrete is poured, the length of the high strength bolt protruding from the side of the precast reinforced concrete column is not less than 5 cm. Reserve high-strength bolts (5).
  • the prefabricated reinforced concrete column (1) is reserved with high-strength bolts (5) on two adjacent sides, and each four or more than four high-strength bolts constitute a bolt group, and the bolt group is along the prefabricated steel bar.
  • the concrete columns are equally spaced in the height direction, and the spacing is in the range of 1 m to 1.5 m.
  • the n-type connecting member (2) is made of a low yield point soft steel material, and the two wings of the n-type connecting member (2) are reserved with bolt holes, and the precast reinforced concrete columns are connected by two bolts.
  • the outer steel sheet (3) is made of a thin steel plate having a thickness of 1 cm to 2 cm, and the outer steel sheet (3) is attached to the outer side of the precast reinforced concrete column (1), and the two are connected together.
  • the precast reinforced concrete columns and the joints between them are integrally wrapped.

Abstract

一种用于地下结构的n型连接预制分体柱，由预制钢筋混凝土柱（1）、n型连接件（2）、外包钢板（3）、预留连接钢筋(（4）和预留高强螺栓（5）组成；预制钢筋混凝土柱（1）的纵向钢筋在顶底面全部伸出作为预留连接钢筋（4）；预制钢筋混凝土柱（1）的钢筋笼焊接有预留高强螺栓（5）；n型连接件（2）通过其两翼的预留螺栓孔与高强螺栓（5）相连；外包钢板（3）粘贴在预制钢筋混凝土柱（1）的外侧，将两两相连后的预制钢筋混凝土柱及其之间的连接缝整体包裹，以保证分体柱正常使用状态的工作性能。用于地下结构n型连接预制分体柱可安装于地下结构关键部位，减轻地下结构在地震作用下的破坏。

Description

一种用于地下结构n型连接预制分体柱 技术领域
本发明涉及地下结构工程的建设领域，尤其是涉及一种用于地下结构n型连接预制分体柱，属于预制装配式地铁车站抗震技术领域。
背景技术
近年来，随着世界各国城市化进程的不断推进，国内外学者逐渐意识到开发利用地下空间将成为重要的发展方向。地下结构在城市建设、交通运输、国防工程、水利工程等各个领域得到了越来越广泛的应用，如铁路隧道，地铁工程，地下商场，防空工程等。实践表明，21世纪是地下空间开发利用的世纪，而且目前地下空间的开发和地下结构的建设已经在世界范围内进入了快速发展的高峰期。
对于城市交通领域，以地铁工程为骨干的大运量快速公共交通系统在解决城市交通运输问题上发挥着不可或缺的作用。虽然地下工程的发展日益蓬勃，但是地下工程也面临着挑战——地震的作用。特别是1995年7.2级日本阪神地震中，神户市内地下结构发生了有史以来最严重的破坏，地铁、地下停车场、地下隧道和地下商业街等大量地下工程均发生严重破坏。最引人注意的是地铁车站的破坏，地震中共有5个地铁车站和约3km的地铁区间隧道发生破坏，其中大开地铁车站的破坏最为严重，一半以上的中柱完全坍塌，导致顶板坍塌破坏和上覆土层的沉降，最大沉降量达2.5m之多。相关研究表明竖向地震动有可能是引起地下结构破坏的关键因素，特别是，对于浅埋地下结构情况，上覆土体可能在地震作用初始阶段发生剪切破坏，此时，它与地下结构周围的其它土体已不是一个连续的整体，在后续的地震反应中，它的作用仅是堆积到地下结构顶板上与周围土体发生弱连接的堆积土(类似于回填土体情况)效应，对地下结构的约束作用和地 震反应影响也完全不同于连续土体对应的情况。上覆土体竖向惯性力作用对地下结构的关键支撑构件的竖向受力评价会产生极大影响，实际上是改变了支撑柱的轴压比，从而改变了支撑柱的抗剪切强度和变形性能。对地下结构地震反应受力而言，支撑柱的抗剪切强度提高而极限变形能力降低是不利的，这意味着支撑柱将分担更多的由于土层变形而作用在地下结构上的水平向剪力，同时，其极限变形能力的降低使得它可能先于侧墙遭到破坏，进而导致顶板以及地下结构体系的整体毁坏。
本发明基于地下结构的震害特点以及地下结构的破坏机理，提出一种用于地下结构n型连接预制分体柱，用于替代传统地下结构中的普通现浇钢筋混凝土柱。正常使用状态下，外包薄钢板将n型连接件连接后的预制钢筋混凝土柱整体包裹，预制钢筋混凝土柱之间的连接缝不外露而保证分体柱的安全使用；地震作用下地下结构上覆土体易出现剪切破坏，在其自重及附加竖向惯性力作用下，地下结构需承受较大的竖向荷载作用。采用上述分体柱取代传统现浇整体钢筋混凝土柱，克服了传统钢筋混凝土柱在高轴压作用下水平变形能力不足的缺陷，同时预制钢筋混凝土柱之间的相对变形带动n型连接件剪切变形并耗散部分地震能量，从而保护了地下结构关键构件免受地震破坏。
发明内容
本发明公开一种用于地下结构n型连接预制分体柱，该分体柱在地震作用下能承受较大的上覆土体的竖向惯性力，同时也提高高轴压作用下分体柱的侧向变形能力，从而减轻地下结构的地震灾害。
为解决上述技术问题，本发明提供一种用于地下结构n型连接预制分体柱，该分体柱由预制钢筋混凝土柱、n型连接件、外包薄钢板、预留连接钢筋以及预留高强螺栓组成。
进一步地，所述预制钢筋混凝土柱主体为常规设计的钢筋混凝土柱，顶、底部分别设置预留连接钢筋，相邻两侧面设置预留高强螺栓。
进一步地，所述预留连接钢筋将所述预制钢筋混凝土柱与地下结构顶梁和底梁相连，形成可靠整体。
进一步地，所述预留高强螺栓每四个或大于四个构成一个螺栓群，螺栓群沿所述预制钢筋混凝土柱高度方向等间距分布。
进一步地，所述n型连接件由低屈服点软钢材料制成，形状似“n”，两翼预留螺栓孔。
进一步地，所述n型连接件通过所述预留高强螺栓安装于两个所述预制钢筋混凝土柱之间；所述n型连接件沿所述预制钢筋混凝土柱高度方向等间距分布，并将所述预制钢筋混凝土柱两两相连。
进一步地，所述外包薄钢板由薄薄钢板材制成，外贴于所述预制钢筋混凝土柱外侧，将两两相连后的所述预制钢筋混凝土柱及其之间的连接缝整体包裹。
本发明的工作机理是：上述用于地下结构n型连接预制分体柱通过预埋在预制钢筋混凝土柱顶底部的连接钢筋安装于地下结构关键部位代替普通现浇钢筋混凝土柱。正常使用状态下，由外包薄钢板将预制钢筋混凝土柱及其之间的连接缝整体包裹，以保证分体柱的正常使用。当地震作用时，首先被破坏的是外包薄钢板，随后各预制钢筋混凝土柱之间的相对变形带动n型连接件的相对变形，并且耗散部分地震能量。地下结构采用n型连接预制分体柱能承受和传统现浇整体钢筋混凝土柱相近的竖向荷载，同时n型连接件可为高轴压作用下的预制分体柱提供较大的侧向变形能力，从而保证了地震中地下结构关键构件中柱的安全性能，大大减轻地下结构在地震中可能出现的破坏。
本发明的优点在于：通过外包薄钢板将预制钢筋混凝土柱及其之间的连接缝整体包裹，以保证分体柱在正常使用状态下的工作性能。地震作用下该外包薄钢板首先被破坏，随后各预制钢筋混凝土柱之间的相对变形带动n型连接件的相对变形，并且耗散部分地震能量。地下结构n型连接预制分体柱在承受较大竖向荷载的同时，又具有较有较高的侧向变形能力，从而保证了地震中地下结构关键构件中柱的安全性能，大大减轻地下结构在地震中可能出现的破坏。本发明概念清晰，原理明确，易于生产，便于维修。
附图说明
图1为n型连接预制分体柱俯视图。
图2为设置预留连接钢筋和预留高强螺栓的预制钢筋混凝土柱。
图3为n型连接件。
图4为n型连接预制分体柱正视图。
图5为n型连接预制分体柱在地下结构中的一种应用。
图中：1、预制钢筋混凝土柱，2、n型连接件，3、外包薄钢板，4、预留连接钢筋，5、预留高强螺栓。
具体实施方式
如图1-5所示，一种用于地下结构n型连接预制分体柱，该分体柱由预制钢筋混凝土柱(1)、n型连接件(2)、外包薄钢板(3)、预留连接钢筋(4)和预留高强螺栓(5)组成。所述预制钢筋混凝土柱(1)的纵向钢筋在顶底面全部伸出作为所述预留连接钢筋(4)；所述预制钢筋混凝土柱(1)的钢筋笼焊接有所述预留高强螺栓(5)；所述n型连接件(2)通过其两翼的预留螺栓孔与所述高强螺栓(5)相连；所述外包钢板(3)粘贴在所述预制钢筋混凝土柱(1)的外侧， 将两两相连后的预制钢筋混凝土柱及其之间的连接缝整体包裹。
本实例中，所述预制钢筋混凝土柱(1)主体为普通钢筋混凝土柱，其按相应尺寸在钢筋混凝土构件加工厂预制，并运输至现场进行拼装。
本实例中，所述预制钢筋混凝土柱(1)在预制过程中，纵向钢筋在顶底部全部伸出，其伸出长度不宜小于50cm，作为预留连接钢筋(4)与地下结构顶梁和底梁相连接。
本实例中，所述预制钢筋混凝土柱(1)在预制过程中，在钢筋笼上焊接10cm左右的高强螺栓，待混凝土浇筑完成后，高强螺栓伸出预制钢筋混凝土柱侧面长度不宜小于5cm，作为预留高强螺栓(5)。
本实例中，所述预制钢筋混凝土柱(1)在预制过程中，相邻两个侧面预留高强螺栓(5)，每四个或大于四个高强螺栓构成一个螺栓群，螺栓群沿预制钢筋混凝土柱高度方向等间距分布，其间距在1m～1.5m范围。
本实例中，所述n型连接件(2)由低屈服点软钢材料制成，n型连接件(2)的两翼预留有螺栓孔，通过螺栓群将预制钢筋混凝土柱两两相连。
本实例中，所述外包薄钢板(3)由厚度为1cm～2cm的薄钢板材制成，外包薄钢板(3)外贴于预制钢筋混凝土柱(1)的外侧，将两两相连后的预制钢筋混凝土柱及其之间的连接缝整体包裹。

Claims (7)

  1. 一种用于地下结构n型连接预制分体柱，其特征在于：该分体柱由预制钢筋混凝土柱(1)、n型连接件(2)、外包薄钢板(3)、预留连接钢筋(4)和预留高强螺栓(5)组成；所述预制钢筋混凝土柱(1)的纵向钢筋在顶底面全部伸出作为所述预留连接钢筋(4)；所述预制钢筋混凝土柱(1)的钢筋笼焊接有所述预留高强螺栓(5)；所述n型连接件(2)通过其两翼的预留螺栓孔与所述高强螺栓(5)相连；所述外包钢板(3)粘贴在所述预制钢筋混凝土柱(1)的外侧，将两两相连后的预制钢筋混凝土柱及其之间的连接缝整体包裹。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的一种用于地下结构n型连接预制分体柱，其特征在于：所述预制钢筋混凝土柱(1)主体为普通钢筋混凝土柱，其按相应尺寸在钢筋混凝土构件加工厂预制，并运输至现场进行拼装。
  3. 根据权利要求1所述的一种用于地下结构n型连接预制分体柱，其特征在于：所述预制钢筋混凝土柱(1)在预制过程中，纵向钢筋在顶底部全部伸出，其伸出长度不宜小于50cm，作为预留连接钢筋(4)与地下结构顶梁和底梁相连接。
  4. 根据权利要求1所述的一种用于地下结构n型连接预制分体柱，其特征在于：所述预制钢筋混凝土柱(1)在预制过程中，在钢筋笼上焊接10cm左右的高强螺栓，待混凝土浇筑完成后，高强螺栓伸出预制钢筋混凝土柱侧面长度不宜小于5cm，作为预留高强螺栓(5)。
  5. 根据权利要求1所述的一种用于地下结构n型连接预制分体柱，其特征在于：所述预制钢筋混凝土柱(1)在预制过程中，相邻两个侧面预留高强螺栓(5)，每四个或大于四个高强螺栓构成一个螺栓群，螺栓群沿预制钢筋混凝土柱高度方向等间距分布，其间距在 1m～1.5m范围。
  6. 根据权利要求1所述的一种用于地下结构n型连接预制分体柱，其特征在于：所述n型连接件(2)由低屈服点软钢材料制成，n型连接件(2)的两翼预留有螺栓孔，通过螺栓群将预制钢筋混凝土柱两两相连。
  7. 根据权利要求1所述的一种用于地下结构n型连接预制分体柱，其特征在于：所述外包薄钢板(3)由厚度为1cm～2cm的薄钢板材制成，外包薄钢板(3)外贴于预制钢筋混凝土柱(1)的外侧，将两两相连后的预制钢筋混凝土柱及其之间的连接缝整体包裹。
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