WO2018067625A1 - Appareil et procédé de tensiomètre - Google Patents

Appareil et procédé de tensiomètre Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2018067625A1
WO2018067625A1 PCT/US2017/055018 US2017055018W WO2018067625A1 WO 2018067625 A1 WO2018067625 A1 WO 2018067625A1 US 2017055018 W US2017055018 W US 2017055018W WO 2018067625 A1 WO2018067625 A1 WO 2018067625A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
hydrogel
sensor
chamber
window
moisture
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/US2017/055018
Other languages
English (en)
Inventor
Jesse LAFIAN
Original Assignee
Lafian Jesse
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Priority claimed from US15/495,961 external-priority patent/US20170307452A1/en
Application filed by Lafian Jesse filed Critical Lafian Jesse
Priority claimed from US15/724,315 external-priority patent/US10352840B2/en
Publication of WO2018067625A1 publication Critical patent/WO2018067625A1/fr

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Classifications

    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N33/00—Investigating or analysing materials by specific methods not covered by groups G01N1/00 - G01N31/00
    • G01N33/24—Earth materials
    • G01N33/246—Earth materials for water content
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
    • A01G25/00—Watering gardens, fields, sports grounds or the like
    • A01G25/16—Control of watering
    • A01G25/167—Control by humidity of the soil itself or of devices simulating soil or of the atmosphere; Soil humidity sensors
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N13/00—Investigating surface or boundary effects, e.g. wetting power; Investigating diffusion effects; Analysing materials by determining surface, boundary, or diffusion effects
    • G01N13/04—Investigating osmotic effects
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N19/00—Investigating materials by mechanical methods
    • G01N19/10—Measuring moisture content, e.g. by measuring change in length of hygroscopic filament; Hygrometers
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N33/00—Investigating or analysing materials by specific methods not covered by groups G01N1/00 - G01N31/00
    • G01N33/24—Earth materials
    • G01N33/245—Earth materials for agricultural purposes

Definitions

  • the present invention relates generally to tensiometers. More specifically, the present invention relates to affordable, ultra-low-maintenance tensiometers and methods to improve irrigation efficiency, thereby helping ensure future water supply, water quality, and agricultural productivity.
  • SWT soil water tension
  • Hydrogel a network of chemically- or physically-cross-linked polymers that are hydrophilic. Hydrogels are highly absorbent; they can contain over ninety percent water.
  • Load cell a transducer that converts force into a measurable electrical output. Although there are many varieties of load cells, strain gauge based load cells are the most commonly used type.
  • MEMS microelectromechanical systems
  • pressure sensor a type of pressure sensor approximately thirty cubic millimeters in size.
  • LVDT linear variable differential transformer
  • electromechanical transducer that can convert the displacement of an object to which it is coupled mechanically into a corresponding electrical signal.
  • LVDT linear position sensors are readily available that can measure movements as small as a few millionths of an inch up to several inches.
  • Proximity sensor a sensor able to detect the presence of nearby objects without any physical contact.
  • a proximity sensor often emits an electromagnetic field or a beam of electromagnetic radiation (infrared, for instance), and looks for changes in the field or return signal.
  • the object being sensed is often referred to as the proximity sensor's target.
  • Different proximity sensor targets demand different sensors. For example, a capacitive or photoelectric sensor might be suitable for a plastic target; an inductive proximity sensor always requires a metal target.
  • SWT Soil water tension
  • plants/crops need to be irrigated.
  • Tensiometer a device for measuring soil water tension.
  • the present invention meets the need in the art for an affordable, ultra-low- maintenance apparatus and method for measuring soil water tension (SWT) as an indicative factor in evaluating irrigation requirements.
  • SWT soil water tension
  • the present invention of a SWT monitoring apparatus comprises (1) an elongated probe having at least one tensiometer and (2) a battery-powered head unit that attaches to the elongated probe and collects data from the tensiometer(s) in the elongated probe.
  • Each tensiometer within the elongated probe comprises a hydrogel chamber having an inner wall and an open side, hydrogel comprising a plurality of millimeter- sized hydrophilic particles received into the hydrogel chamber through its open side, and a durable, hydrophilic, and porous window attached to the elongated probe in sealing closing relation overlying the open side of the hydrogel chamber and an inner face of the window in bearing contact with a portion of the hydrogel for holding the hydrogel within the hydrogel chamber.
  • a sensor is secured to the elongated probe in sensing relation to the hydrogel chamber.
  • the sensor produces a variable signal in response to a mechanical effect originating from the degree of pressure within the hydrogel chamber, which can be correlated to and thus converted to a degree of SWT, and communicates the signal to a microcontroller in the head unit which converts the signal to a determined SWT value at a soil depth associated with the tensiometer and communicates this value to a display screen or remote transmission module.
  • a microcontroller in the head unit which converts the signal to a determined SWT value at a soil depth associated with the tensiometer and communicates this value to a display screen or remote transmission module.
  • the present invention provides a method for acquiring SWT data for evaluating whether to irrigate, comprising the steps of:
  • each tensiometer comprising:
  • hydrogel chamber formed in the elongated probe and having an inner wall and an open side;
  • hydrogel comprising a plurality of millimeter-sized hydrophilic particles received into the hydrogel chamber through its open side;
  • a durable, hydrophilic, and porous window attached to the elongated probe in sealing closing relation overlying the open side of the hydrogel chamber and an inner face of the window in bearing contact with a portion of the hydrogel for holding the hydrogel within the hydrogel chamber;
  • a microcontroller to control the apparatus such as by determining when the apparatus enters battery-saving mode and when the apparatus exits battery-saving mode to collect and communicate a signal from a sensor within a tensiometer in the elongated probe;
  • a circuit board for connecting the electronics of the apparatus; and a remote transmission module (for when remote data transmission is needed); or
  • Figure 1 illustrates an assembled elongated probe of the present invention and three windows, each of which is part of a discrete tensiometer, disposed in spaced-apart relation within the elongated probe.
  • Figure 2 illustrates an expanded view of the inner and outer frames of the elongated probe.
  • Figure 3 illustrates an opposing expanded view of the inner and outer frames of the elongated probe, revealing a first embodiment of the elongated probe which includes a load cell that attaches to the inner frame.
  • Figure 4 illustrates an expanded view of the inner frame of the first embodiment of the elongated probe, revealing how three tensiometers of this embodiment (each including a load cell, dowel pin, flexible barrier, hydrogel chamber, and window) are constructed.
  • Figure 5 illustrates an opposing expanded view of the inner frame of the first embodiment of the elongated probe, revealing how three tensiometers of this embodiment (each including a load cell, dowel pin, flexible barrier, hydrogel chamber, and window) are constructed.
  • Figure 6A illustrates a close-up, expanded view of the inner frame of the first embodiment of the elongated probe, revealing how an individual tensiometer of this embodiment (including a load cell, dowel pin, flexible barrier, hydrogel chamber, and window) is constructed.
  • Figure 6B illustrates an opposing close-up, expanded view of the inner frame of the first embodiment of the elongated probe, revealing how an individual tensiometer of this embodiment (including a load cell, dowel pin, flexible barrier, hydrogel chamber, and window) is constructed.
  • Figure 7 illustrates a close-up side planar view of a complete assembly of the first embodiment of the elongated probe.
  • Figure 8 illustrates a close-up perspective view of a complete assembly of the first embodiment of the elongated probe.
  • Figure 9 illustrates a plurality of the apparatuses of the present invention interconnected with an automated irrigation control system having branches and remote water sprayers for home, office complex, and farm irrigation.
  • Figure 10 illustrates a close-up side cross-sectional view of a second embodiment of the elongated probe of the present invention which includes an LVDT.
  • This figure shows how a tensiometer of this second embodiment (comprising an LVDT, flexible barrier, hydrogel, hydrogel chamber, and window) is constructed.
  • Figure 11 illustrates a close-up side cross-sectional view of a third embodiment of the elongated probe of the present invention which includes a proximity sensor.
  • This figure shows how a tensiometer of this third embodiment (comprising a proximity sensor, target plate, flexible barrier, hydrogel, hydrogel chamber, and window) is constructed.
  • Figure 12 illustrates a close-up side cross-sectional view of a fourth embodiment of the elongated probe of the present invention which includes a MEMS pressure sensor.
  • This figure shows how a tensiometer of this fourth embodiment (comprising a MEMS pressure sensor, hydrogel, hydrogel chamber, and window) is constructed.
  • Figure 13 illustrates a side cross-sectional view of the head unit of the present invention which is probe-agnostic meaning that it readily connects to any of the four previously-described embodiments of the elongated probe of the present invention.
  • the apparatus of the present invention improves accessibility to SWT data, thereby enabling landscapers, commercial growers, and others to accurately determine when irrigation is needed.
  • the apparatus also improves irrigation-scheduling processes.
  • one or more of the apparatuses of the present invention 27 readily interconnect with an automated irrigation control system 40 for use in settings that require irrigation 42 (e.g., lawns, gardens, nurseries, greenhouses, farms, and research generally).
  • the automated irrigation control system 40 connects to a pipe 44 from a supply of water and to distribution branches 46 having irrigation spray nozzles 48. By optimizing the volume of water used for irrigation, the present invention improves irrigation efficiency.
  • hydrogel 15 (as seen in Figs. 10-12), received in the hydrogel chamber 3, swells or shrinks depending on the moisture proximal to it.
  • the hydrogel 15 in the hydrogel chamber 3 absorbs moisture that passes through a window 2 from soil proximal to the window.
  • the soil absorbs moisture that passes through the window 2 from the hydrogel 15 in the hydrogel chamber 3.
  • the hydrogel expands while absorbing moisture from the soil, but the window 2 seals the hydrogel chamber 3, constricting the expansion of the hydrogel causing the hydrogel to pressurize the hydrogel chamber.
  • This variable pressure produces a mechanical effect that is sensed by a sensor proximal to a hydrogel chamber.
  • This signal is based on and thus can be converted to SWT.
  • a measurement of SWT indicates how strongly soil water is held by soil particles, and thus how easily soil water can be acquired by plant roots. This information can be used to inform irrigation scheduling, enabling agricultural productivity and efficient water usage.
  • the apparatus of the present invention consists of an elongated probe, of which there are four distinct embodiments, that connects to a probe-agnostic battery-powered head unit.
  • the elongated probe consists of an outer and inner frame holding at least one tensiometer including a window, hydrogel chamber, hydrogel, and a sensor.
  • the inner frame defines the hydrogel chamber which has an open side and the inner wall. After hydrogel is received into the hydrogel chamber, a durable, hydrophilic, and porous window closes the open side of the hydrogel chamber. The window enables transmission of water between the soil and the hydrogel in the hydrogel chamber.
  • a sensor is secured to the inner frame in sensing relation to the hydrogel chamber.
  • An outer frame secures to the inner frame that holds the components of one or more tensiometers disposed in spaced-apart relation within the elongated probe.
  • the sensor detects a variable signal in response to a mechanical effect originating from the degree of pressure within the hydrogel chamber that holds hydrogel (depending on the volume of soil water absorbed by the hydrogel) and communicates this signal to a microcontroller within the head unit of the apparatus.
  • the signal is converted to a SWT measurement via a microcontroller within the head unit and either sent via a remote transmission module within the head unit (when remote data transmission is needed) or displayed on a screen within the head unit (when remote data transmission is not needed).
  • a first embodiment of the elongated probe (illustrated in Figs. 3 - 8), uses a load cell 9 as a sensor.
  • the tensiometer of this embodiment comprises a load cell 9 (attached to an inner frame 5 by a pair of screws 10), a dowel pin 8, a flexible barrier 7, a hydrogel chamber 3, hydrogel 15, and a window 2.
  • the inner frame 5 of the elongated probe defines a hydrogel chamber 3 with an open side 24 and the inner wall 25 that opens to a passageway 26.
  • the hydrogel chamber 3 receives a flexible barrier 7, having one side that is attached to the inner wall 25 with adhesive.
  • the hydrogel chamber 3 receives the hydrogel 15.
  • the passageway 26 receives the dowel pin 8.
  • the dowel pin 8 is movable longitudinally through the passageway 26.
  • a pair of screws 10 secures the load cell 9 to the inner frame 5.
  • An end of the dowel pin 8 contacts the load cell 9.
  • the opposite end of the dowel pin 8 contacts a flexible barrier 7.
  • the flexible barrier 7 retains the hydrogel within the hydrogel chamber 3.
  • a durable, hydrophilic, and porous window 2 covers and closes the hydrogel chamber 3 and holds the hydrogel 15 within the hydrogel chamber.
  • a second pair of screws 4 secure an outer frame 1 to the inner frame 5.
  • the outer frame 1 defines an opening in alignment with each hydrogel chamber 3 (and its window 2).
  • the outer frame secures to the inner frame that holds the components of one or more tensiometers disposed in spaced-apart relation within the elongated probe for measuring SWT at predetermined depths based on the spacing and the number of tensiometers in the apparatus.
  • Wires that are secured along a channel within the inner frame 5 transmit power to the load cell(s) from batteries in the head unit and enable communication between the load cells(s) and the microcontroller in the head unit.
  • the load cell 9 thereby senses force based on the pressure of the hydrogel 15 within the hydrogel chamber 3, depending on the volume of water absorbed by the hydrogel 15 through the window 2.
  • a second embodiment of the elongated probe uses a linear variable differential transformer (LVDT) 12 as a sensor.
  • the tensiometer of this embodiment comprises an LVDT 12 (attached to an inner frame 5 by adhesive), a flexible barrier 7, a hydrogel chamber 3, hydrogel 15, and a window 2.
  • This second embodiment like the first embodiment, has an inner and outer frame as illustrated in Figure 6B; the inner frame 5 of the elongated probe defines a hydrogel chamber 3 with an open side 24 and the inner wall 25 that opens to a passageway 26.
  • the hydrogel chamber 3 receives a flexible barrier 7, having one side that is attached to the inner wall 25 with adhesive.
  • the hydrogel chamber 3 receives the hydrogel 15.
  • the flexible barrier 7 retains the hydrogel within the hydrogel chamber 3.
  • a durable, hydrophilic, and porous window 2 covers and closes the hydrogel chamber 3 and holds the hydrogel 15 within the hydrogel chamber.
  • a second pair of screws 4 secure an outer frame 1 to the inner frame 5.
  • the outer frame 1 defines an opening in alignment with each hydrogel chamber 3 (and its window 2).
  • the outer frame secures to the inner frame that holds the components of one or more tensiometers disposed in spaced-apart relation within the elongated probe for measuring SWT at predetermined depths based on the spacing and the number of tensiometers in the apparatus.
  • Wires 13 that are secured along a channel 14 within the inner frame 5 transmit power to the LVDT(s) from batteries in the head unit and enable communication between the LVDT(s) and the microcontroller in the head unit.
  • the LVDT 12 thereby senses longitudinal movement or displacement based on the pressure of the hydrogel 15 within the hydrogel chamber 3, depending on the volume of water absorbed by the hydrogel 15.
  • a third embodiment of the elongated probe uses a proximity sensor 17 as a sensor.
  • the tensiometer of this embodiment comprises a proximity sensor 17 (attached to an inner frame 5 by adhesive), a target plate 16, a flexible barrier 7, a hydrogel chamber 3, hydrogel 15, and a window 2.
  • This third embodiment like the first embodiment, has an inner and outer frame as illustrated in Figure 6B; the inner frame 5 of the elongated probe defines a hydrogel chamber 3 with an open side 24 and the inner wall 25 that opens to a passageway 26.
  • the hydrogel chamber 3 receives a flexible barrier 7, having one side that is attached to the inner wall 25 with adhesive.
  • the hydrogel chamber 3 receives the hydrogel 15.
  • a portion of the side of the flexible barrier 7 that is movable longitudinally through the passageway 26 attaches to the target plate 16 with adhesive.
  • the flexible barrier 7 retains the hydrogel within the hydrogel chamber 3.
  • a durable, hydrophilic, and porous window 2 covers and closes the hydrogel chamber 3 and holds the hydrogel 15 within the hydrogel chamber.
  • a second pair of screws 4 secure an outer frame 1 to the inner frame 5.
  • the outer frame 1 defines an opening in alignment with each hydrogel chamber 3 (and its window 2).
  • the outer frame secures to the inner frame that holds the components of one or more tensiometers disposed in spaced-apart relation within the elongated probe for measuring SWT at predetermined depths based on the spacing and the number of tensiometers in the apparatus.
  • Wires 13 that are secured along a channel 14 within the inner frame 5 transmit power to the proximity sensor(s) from batteries in the head unit and enable
  • the proximity sensor 17 thereby senses proximity of the target plate 16 based on the pressure of the hydrogel 15 within the hydrogel chamber 3, depending on the volume of water absorbed by the hydrogel 15.
  • a fourth embodiment of the elongated probe uses a microelectromechanical systems (MEMS) pressure sensor 18 as a sensor.
  • MEMS microelectromechanical systems
  • the tensiometer of this embodiment comprises a MEMS pressure sensor 18 (attached to an inner frame 5 by adhesive), a hydrogel chamber 3, hydrogel 15, and a window 2.
  • This fourth embodiment like the first embodiment, has an inner and outer frame as illustrated in Figure 6B; the inner frame 5 of the elongated probe defines a hydrogel chamber 3 with an open side 24 and the inner wall 25 that opens to a passageway 26.
  • the MEMS pressure sensor 18 is received into the passageway 26 and held in place by adhesive, sealing the passageway 26.
  • the hydrogel chamber 3 receives the hydrogel 15.
  • a durable, hydrophilic, and porous window 2 covers and closes the hydrogel chamber 3 and holds the hydrogel 15 within the hydrogel chamber.
  • a second pair of screws 4 secure an outer frame 1 to the inner frame 5.
  • the outer frame 1 defines an opening in alignment with each hydrogel chamber 3 (and its window 2).
  • the outer frame secures to the inner frame that holds the components of one or more tensiometers disposed in spaced-apart relation within the elongated probe for measuring SWT at predetermined depths based on the spacing and the number of tensiometers in the apparatus.
  • Wires 13 that are secured along a channel 14 within the inner frame 5 transmit power to the MEMS pressure sensor(s) from batteries in the head unit and enable communication between the MEMS pressure sensor(s) and the microcontroller in the head unit.
  • the MEMS pressure sensor 18 thereby senses the pressure of the hydrogel 15 within the hydrogel chamber 3, depending on the volume of water absorbed by the hydrogel 15.
  • the embodiments of the elongated probes disclosed herein operate for providing SWT data at selected soil depths for evaluating whether to irrigate.
  • the elongated probe may readily be disposed in a selected ground location, such as in a vertical hole sufficiently deep for the length of the elongated probe 1. Soil backfills the hole. Upon installation, the moisture in the soil migrates through the durable, hydrophilic, and porous window 2 into the hydrophilic hydrogel particles 15 held in the hydrogel chamber 3.
  • the sensor secured to the inner frame of the elongated probe in sensing relation produces a variable signal in response to a mechanical effect originating from the degree of pressure within the hydrogel chamber.
  • the structures described above communicate the variable signal to a probe- agnostic head unit 23 (as illustrated in Figure 13) based on a mechanical effect originating from the degree of pressure within the hydrogel chamber based on absorption through the window of soil water proximal to the window.
  • Batteries 22 power the apparatus including the sensor(s) within the elongated probe.
  • a circuit board 20 connects the electronics within the apparatus 23. Wires 13 transmit power to the sensor(s) from the battery and enable communication between the sensor(s) and the microcontroller 21.
  • the microcontroller 21 in the head unit converts the signal from the sensor to a SWT value, based on a conversion algorithm obtained through a calibration process, and the value is either sent via a remote transmission module 19 within the head unit (when remote data transmission is needed) or displayed on a screen within the head unit 19 (when remote data transmission is not needed).
  • the present apparatus and method measures SWT using sensors that variously measure force (via a load cell), displacement (via an LVDT), proximity (via a proximity sensor), and pressure (via MEMS pressure sensor).
  • the embodiments of the present invention use as the outer enclosure for the hydrogel within the hydrogel chamber a durable, hydrophilic, and porous material, or in an alternate embodiment, aluminum oxide ceramic.
  • the first three embodiments of the present invention use as the inner enclosure for the hydrogel within the hydrogel chamber a flexible barrier durable, or in an alternate embodiment, as 1/32" piece of a sheet or layer of rubber.
  • hydrogel 15 is synthesized into macro-sized ( ⁇ lmm) particles to prevent leakage through the window 2.
  • This hydrogel can consist of, but is not limited to, one of the following materials: cross-linked polyethylene glycol, cross- linked sodium polyacrylate, cross-linked polyvinyl alcohol, and cross-linked polyvinyl pyrolidone. It is appreciated that the optimum dimensional relationships for the parts of the invention, to include variation in size, materials, shape, form, function, and manner of operation, assembly and use, are deemed readily apparent and obvious to one of ordinary skill in the art, and all equivalent relationships to those illustrated in the drawings and described in the above description are intended to be encompassed by the present invention.

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  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Immunology (AREA)
  • Analytical Chemistry (AREA)
  • Pathology (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Biochemistry (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Medicinal Chemistry (AREA)
  • Remote Sensing (AREA)
  • Food Science & Technology (AREA)
  • General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
  • Geology (AREA)
  • Soil Sciences (AREA)
  • Water Supply & Treatment (AREA)
  • Environmental Sciences (AREA)
  • Testing Or Calibration Of Command Recording Devices (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention concerne un appareil allongé qui mesure la succion capillaire du sol, comprenant une chambre à hydrogel permettant de recevoir une pluralité de particules d'hydrogel de taille macro à travers le côté ouvert de la chambre à hydrogel et une paroi interne scellée, l'hydrogel étant maintenu dans la chambre à hydrogel par une fenêtre durable, hydrophile et poreuse fixée au côté ouvert de la chambre à hydrogel. La fenêtre, lorsque l'appareil est reçu dans le sol, transmet l'humidité entre le sol et la chambre à hydrogel, ce qui provoque une pression variable à l'intérieur de la chambre à hydrogel pouvant être convertie en une mesure de succion capillaire du sol sur le côté opposé de la fenêtre. Ladite pression produit divers effets mécaniques, mesurables par divers types de capteurs à l'intérieur de la sonde allongée. L'invention concerne également un procédé de mesure de la succion capillaire du sol à de multiples profondeurs dans un profil de sol.
PCT/US2017/055018 2016-10-04 2017-10-04 Appareil et procédé de tensiomètre WO2018067625A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (6)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US201662404076P 2016-10-04 2016-10-04
US62/404,076 2016-10-04
US15/495,961 US20170307452A1 (en) 2016-04-22 2017-04-24 Tensiometer
US15/495,961 2017-04-24
US15/724,315 2017-10-04
US15/724,315 US10352840B2 (en) 2016-04-22 2017-10-04 Moisture monitoring apparatus and method including a tensiometer

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO2018067625A1 true WO2018067625A1 (fr) 2018-04-12

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Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2019016807A1 (fr) 2017-07-18 2019-01-24 I-Dripper Ltd. Appareil de mise en oeuvre de potentiel hydrique dans le sol et ses utilisations

Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4182357A (en) * 1978-03-02 1980-01-08 Leonard Ornstein Method of controlling the relative humidity in a soil environment and apparatus for accomplishing same
US4655076A (en) * 1984-01-23 1987-04-07 Raychem Corporation Moisture measuring apparatus
US5329081A (en) * 1992-01-17 1994-07-12 Morningside Holdings Pty. Ltd. Moisture sensor and switch
WO1995000830A1 (fr) * 1993-06-24 1995-01-05 University Of Strathclyde Mesure de la teneur en eau
WO2000037935A1 (fr) * 1998-12-21 2000-06-29 Clive Lindsay Ragless Ameliorations concernant un appareil reagissant au potentiel capillaire
US20100109685A1 (en) * 2008-10-31 2010-05-06 Fertile Earth Systems, Inc. Wireless moisture monitoring device and method

Patent Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4182357A (en) * 1978-03-02 1980-01-08 Leonard Ornstein Method of controlling the relative humidity in a soil environment and apparatus for accomplishing same
US4655076A (en) * 1984-01-23 1987-04-07 Raychem Corporation Moisture measuring apparatus
US5329081A (en) * 1992-01-17 1994-07-12 Morningside Holdings Pty. Ltd. Moisture sensor and switch
WO1995000830A1 (fr) * 1993-06-24 1995-01-05 University Of Strathclyde Mesure de la teneur en eau
WO2000037935A1 (fr) * 1998-12-21 2000-06-29 Clive Lindsay Ragless Ameliorations concernant un appareil reagissant au potentiel capillaire
US20100109685A1 (en) * 2008-10-31 2010-05-06 Fertile Earth Systems, Inc. Wireless moisture monitoring device and method

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2019016807A1 (fr) 2017-07-18 2019-01-24 I-Dripper Ltd. Appareil de mise en oeuvre de potentiel hydrique dans le sol et ses utilisations
EP3655755A4 (fr) * 2017-07-18 2021-04-14 I-Dripper Ltd. Appareil de mise en oeuvre de potentiel hydrique dans le sol et ses utilisations

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