WO2018067445A2 - Procédé de fabrication de fibres optiques à ouvertures multiples - Google Patents

Procédé de fabrication de fibres optiques à ouvertures multiples Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2018067445A2
WO2018067445A2 PCT/US2017/054732 US2017054732W WO2018067445A2 WO 2018067445 A2 WO2018067445 A2 WO 2018067445A2 US 2017054732 W US2017054732 W US 2017054732W WO 2018067445 A2 WO2018067445 A2 WO 2018067445A2
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
openings
die
channels
optical fiber
preform
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/US2017/054732
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English (en)
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WO2018067445A3 (fr
Inventor
Daniel J. Gibson
Rafael R. Gattass
Daniel L. PHONEHOUSE
Shyam S. Bayya
L. Brandon SHAW
Jasbinder S. Sanghera
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The Government Of The United States Of America, As Represented By The Secretary Of The Navy
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Application filed by The Government Of The United States Of America, As Represented By The Secretary Of The Navy filed Critical The Government Of The United States Of America, As Represented By The Secretary Of The Navy
Publication of WO2018067445A2 publication Critical patent/WO2018067445A2/fr
Publication of WO2018067445A3 publication Critical patent/WO2018067445A3/fr

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Classifications

    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C03—GLASS; MINERAL OR SLAG WOOL
    • C03B—MANUFACTURE, SHAPING, OR SUPPLEMENTARY PROCESSES
    • C03B37/00—Manufacture or treatment of flakes, fibres, or filaments from softened glass, minerals, or slags
    • C03B37/01—Manufacture of glass fibres or filaments
    • C03B37/02—Manufacture of glass fibres or filaments by drawing or extruding, e.g. direct drawing of molten glass from nozzles; Cooling fins therefor
    • C03B37/025—Manufacture of glass fibres or filaments by drawing or extruding, e.g. direct drawing of molten glass from nozzles; Cooling fins therefor from reheated softened tubes, rods, fibres or filaments, e.g. drawing fibres from preforms
    • C03B37/027—Fibres composed of different sorts of glass, e.g. glass optical fibres
    • C03B37/0279—Photonic crystal fibres or microstructured optical fibres other than holey optical fibres
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B33—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING TECHNOLOGY
    • B33Y—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING, i.e. MANUFACTURING OF THREE-DIMENSIONAL [3-D] OBJECTS BY ADDITIVE DEPOSITION, ADDITIVE AGGLOMERATION OR ADDITIVE LAYERING, e.g. BY 3-D PRINTING, STEREOLITHOGRAPHY OR SELECTIVE LASER SINTERING
    • B33Y80/00—Products made by additive manufacturing
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C03—GLASS; MINERAL OR SLAG WOOL
    • C03B—MANUFACTURE, SHAPING, OR SUPPLEMENTARY PROCESSES
    • C03B37/00—Manufacture or treatment of flakes, fibres, or filaments from softened glass, minerals, or slags
    • C03B37/01—Manufacture of glass fibres or filaments
    • C03B37/02—Manufacture of glass fibres or filaments by drawing or extruding, e.g. direct drawing of molten glass from nozzles; Cooling fins therefor
    • C03B37/025—Manufacture of glass fibres or filaments by drawing or extruding, e.g. direct drawing of molten glass from nozzles; Cooling fins therefor from reheated softened tubes, rods, fibres or filaments, e.g. drawing fibres from preforms
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C03—GLASS; MINERAL OR SLAG WOOL
    • C03B—MANUFACTURE, SHAPING, OR SUPPLEMENTARY PROCESSES
    • C03B2201/00—Type of glass produced
    • C03B2201/80—Non-oxide glasses or glass-type compositions
    • C03B2201/86—Chalcogenide glasses, i.e. S, Se or Te glasses
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C03—GLASS; MINERAL OR SLAG WOOL
    • C03B—MANUFACTURE, SHAPING, OR SUPPLEMENTARY PROCESSES
    • C03B2201/00—Type of glass produced
    • C03B2201/80—Non-oxide glasses or glass-type compositions
    • C03B2201/88—Chalcohalide glasses, i.e. containing one or more of S, Se, Te and one or more of F, Cl, Br, I
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C03—GLASS; MINERAL OR SLAG WOOL
    • C03B—MANUFACTURE, SHAPING, OR SUPPLEMENTARY PROCESSES
    • C03B2203/00—Fibre product details, e.g. structure, shape
    • C03B2203/42—Photonic crystal fibres, e.g. fibres using the photonic bandgap PBG effect, microstructured or holey optical fibres
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B6/00—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings
    • G02B6/02—Optical fibres with cladding with or without a coating
    • G02B6/02295—Microstructured optical fibre
    • G02B6/02314—Plurality of longitudinal structures extending along optical fibre axis, e.g. holes

Definitions

  • This invention concerns glass optical fibers and optical fiber preforms having multiple holes or openings or voids running the entire length, and methods of making.
  • This disclosure also concerns an extrusion die with multiple joining channels manufactured by an additive manufacturing technique.
  • Optical fibers can be used to route light from one point to another, with losses that are dependent on the optical fiber design, material used and wavelength transmitted.
  • the optical transmission window of materials is limited by a short wavelength edge, mostly due to electronic transitions, and a long wavelength edge, mostly due to multi-phonon transitions.
  • the transmission edges might lie in different ranges of the optical spectrum.
  • the choice of fiber geometry and design affect the degree of overlap between the propagating light and the material.
  • a solid core fiber such as step index has a large modal overlap with the material, while hollow core photonic band gap fibers can have a small overlap.
  • the impact of the combined limits from material loss and effective light guidance of a given fiber is to limit the range of wavelengths that can effectively be transmitted in the fiber.
  • the range of wavelengths that can be transmitted by solid core optical fibers are mainly limited by the material transmission.
  • silica based fibers being restricted to transmitting visible and shortwave infrared bands, while selenide -based fibers transmit part of the shortwave infrared band, the mid-infrared band and a part of the long-wave infrared band.
  • Alternative fiber designs, where the light propagates in a hollow air core such as hollow-core photonic crystal fibers relax some of the wavelength transmission restrictions.
  • This disclosure concerns glass optical fibers and optical fiber preforms having multiple holes or openings or voids running the entire length, and methods of making.
  • This disclosure also concerns an extrusion die with multiple joining channels manufactured by an additive manufacturing technique.
  • Figure 1 illustrates absorption of materials as related to electronic transitions and to multi-phonon transitions.
  • Figure 2A illustrates a graph demonstrating energy density vs cross-section.
  • the transmission edges might lie in different ranges of the optical spectrum.
  • the choice of fiber geometry and design affect the degree of overlap between the propagating light and the material.
  • a solid core fiber such as step index has a large modal overlap with the material.
  • Figure 2B illustrates a graph demonstrating energy density vs cross- section.
  • a hollow core photonic band gap fiber can have a small overlap.
  • Figure 3 illustrates a sample schematic of a known geometrical shape for these fibers.
  • Methods for fabricating a structure similar to the one presented involve "stack and draw” methods, where a series of rods or tubes are stacked together, fused and then drawn down to form a fiber.
  • Figure 4 A illustrates extrusion die fabricated using additive manufacturing.
  • Figure 2 A illustrates a distal or exit end that has a plurality of openings.
  • Figure 4B illustrates extrusion die fabricated using additive manufacturing.
  • a proximal or in-feed end has a plurality of openings with greater numbers and different transverse cross-sectional shapes.
  • Figure 5A illustrates typical 45° pie wedge illustrations of the openings within the extrusion die.
  • Upper left shows the openings, 201, 202, 203 and 204, of the proximal or in-feed side of the die.
  • Upper right shows the opening 205 of the distal or exit side of the die.
  • Lower center shows the openings 206 and 207 at a plane internal to the die, approximately 5 mm from the distal face.
  • Figure 5B illustrates a longitudinal cross-sectional view of the extrusion die showing the internal channels as they combine within the die. Note that not all channels are visible in this figure.
  • Figure 6 illustrates a preform fabricated using the method of invention.
  • Figure 6 is a fiber optic preform made using the die and comprising an As-S based glass with 8 small openings of approximately the same size and circular transverse cross-sectional shape and 1 large central opening.
  • Figure 7 illustrates an optical microscope image of a transverse end face of a fiber fabricated using the method and confocal microscope image of a transverse end face of another fiber fabricated using the method.
  • This disclosure provides a method for the manufacture of glass optical fibers and optical fiber preforms having multiple holes or openings or voids running the entire length of the fiber or fiber preform such that these openings and the solid glass material disposed between them, and by virtue of the optical properties of the glass material and the material comprising the voids, typically air or an inert gas, as well as the geometry and dimensions of the voids and solid regions, light injected into a proximal end of the fiber is largely confined to a specific transverse region of the fiber and propagates through the longitudinal length of the fiber.
  • the method can include fabrication of an extrusion die, using at least one additive manufacturing technique such that the extrusion die has a plurality of channels that combine inside the die into a different plurality of channels with a different set of shapes and sizes, extruding a glass through the extrusion die to form a fiber optic preform having a plurality of longitudinal openings that run the entire length of the fiber optic preform, attaching a barrier layer to the extruded glass die to form a series of channels to which pressure can be applied by a gas and with each channel pressure independently controlled, and stretching the fiber optic preform at an elevated temperature into an optical fiber.
  • optical fibers produced from this method are in the general category of microstructured optical fibers and can have properties of other fibers known in the art including photonic crystal fibers (PCF), photonic bandgap (PBG) fibers, inhibited coupling (also called frustrated or anti-resonant) fibers, multicore fibers and many others.
  • PCF photonic crystal fibers
  • PBG photonic bandgap
  • inhibited coupling also called frustrated or anti-resonant fibers
  • multicore fibers and many others.
  • Microstructured optical fibers are optical fibers with "holes” running through their length.
  • the method allows for fibers with structured arrangement of holes that is not feasible, or otherwise cumbersome, using conventional techniques including tube-stacking and direct extrusion.
  • This invention also discloses the extrusion die with multiple joining channels manufactured by an additive manufacturing technique.
  • a 3D printed die of this invention has multiple entrances to accept softened glass into multiple flow channels. These flow channels reduce in cross sectional area along their length and combine to form features in the preform. The flow channels terminate in a common exit aperture.
  • the 3D printed die can be a single piece, with preform tolerances lOx better than the prior art.
  • the printed die can be made lOx cheaper and lOx faster. Also, the "pins" do not flex during extrusion, which allows for precision along the preform length, superior to the prior art.
  • the ultraviolet optical band is roughly defined as spanning optical wavelengths from 0.2 - 0.4 ⁇ .
  • the visible optical band is roughly defined as spanning optical wavelengths from 0.4 - 0.8 ⁇ .
  • the shortwave infrared optical band is roughly defined as spanning optical wavelengths from 0.8 - 2 ⁇ .
  • the mid-infrared optical window is roughly defined as covering optical wavelengths from 2-5 ⁇ .
  • the long-wave infrared optical band (LWIR) is roughly defined as covering optical wavelengths 5-30 ⁇ .
  • Chalcogenide optical fiber is fiber comprising primarily chalcogenide glass which contains at least one of the chalcogen elements (excluding oxygen, i.e. sulfur, selenium, and tellurium) along with other elements to form a glass network.
  • these other elements include arsenic, germanium, gallium, indium, antimony, tin, bismuth, lead, thallium, lanthanum, aluminum but other elements may also be used.
  • Halogen elements including fluorine, chlorine, bromine and iodine may be added in order to make chalco-halide glass and fibers.
  • Chalcogenide and chalco-halide glasses are of a class of infrared (IR) transparent glasses.
  • Arsenic sulfide, AS2S3 and Arsenic Selenide As2Se3, Germanium Arsenic Sulfide and Germanium Arsenic Selenide are some specific examples of chalcogenide glass.
  • the fiber optic draw process is understood as a method whereby a fiber optic preform comprising one or more glass or polymer is held vertically by a motorized holder and introduced into the top opening of a furnace or oven having a cylindrical bore and heated to a softening temperature of the preform.
  • a fiber optic preform is typically a solid body comprising one or more glass or polymer materials, with a transverse cross sectional shape that is longitudinally invariant, or approximately so, and may contain one or more longitudinal openings.
  • the transverse width or outer diameter of a preform is typically between 5 mm and 40 mm but may be larger or smaller, while the length of a typical preform is between 5 cm and 1 m but may be longer or shorter.
  • Preforms typically have an aspect ratio (length / diameter or width) of between 10 and 100 but may be larger or smaller.
  • the preform is softened and is pulled via a mechanical puller such as a capstan or drum, such that its outer diameter (or other cross sectional dimension) is reduced, typically by a factor of between 2 and 1000, forming an optical fiber with a transverse cross sectional shape approximately similar to that of the preform.
  • a mechanical puller such as a capstan or drum
  • Optical fibers typically have a diameter or transverse width of between 10 ⁇ and 300 ⁇ but may be larger or smaller and continuous lengths of several meters to several kilometers are possible.
  • gas pressure positive or negative gage pressure
  • longitudinal openings in the preform may be applied to longitudinal openings in the preform during the draw.
  • Softening temperature is understood as the temperature under which the viscosity of the material is
  • Additive manufacturing is a class of fabrication processes that builds a three-dimensional object from a source material typically one plane at a time, as opposed to conventional material removal machining.
  • the process could involve the layer-by-layer bonding of materials such as metals, polymers or glasses.
  • the process allows for a computer generated three dimensional shape to be reproduced.
  • Multiple methods are commonly used including but not limited to laser-sintering of powder or beads, stereolithography of polymers, fused deposition of hot extruded materials.
  • Additive manufacturing enables the fabrication of objects with intricate structures that cannot easily be fabricated using conventional tool-making processes including machining, injection molding and extrusion.
  • the object may contain internal passages or voids that are obscured by the object and therefore inaccessible to conventional cutting instruments.
  • Three dimensional (3D) printing is another encompassing term used in the art to describe a class of additive manufacturing techniques.
  • Extrusion is a method to fabricate objects by forcing a material to flow through an extrusion die having an entrance side with one or more openings and an exit side with one or more openings. The opening(s) of the exit side impart a transverse cross sectional shape (commonly called an extrusion profile) to the material as it leaves the extrusion die.
  • the process is capable of forming long continuous lengths of extruded objects with length invariant transverse shape using materials as diverse as metals, glasses, plastics and composites.
  • the transverse shape or size may also vary along the object length by altering the shape of the extrusion die during the extrusion process or by changing the rate at which the object is removed from the extrusion die (commonly called draw-down).
  • Optical fibers can be used to route light from one point to another, with losses that are dependent on the optical fiber design, material used and wavelength transmitted.
  • the optical transmission window of materials is limited by a short wavelength edge (mostly due to electronic transitions) and a long wavelength edge (mostly due to multi-phonon transitions) conceptually shown in Figure 1.
  • the transmission edges might lie in different ranges of the optical spectrum.
  • the choice of fiber geometry and design affect the degree of overlap between the propagating light and the material.
  • a solid core fiber such as step index has a large modal overlap with the material (Figure 2A), while hollow core photonic band gap fibers can have a small overlap ( Figure 2B).
  • Figure 2A a solid core fiber such as step index
  • Figure 2B hollow core photonic band gap fibers
  • the impact of the combined limits from material loss and effective light guidance of a given fiber is to limit the range of wavelengths that can effectively be transmitted in the fiber.
  • the range of wavelengths that can be transmitted by solid core optical fibers are mainly limited by the material transmission.
  • silica based fibers being restricted to transmitting visible and shortwave infrared bands, while selenide -based fibers transmit part of the shortwave infrared band, the mid-infrared band and a part of the long-wave infrared band.
  • Alternative fiber designs, where the light propagates in a hollow air core such as hollow-core photonic crystal fibers relax some of the wavelength transmission restrictions.
  • Metal coated hollow core fibers are an alternative for light routing across multiple optical bands.
  • FIG. 3 A sample schematic of a known geometrical shape for these fibers is shown in Figure 3.
  • Methods for fabricating a structure similar to the one presented in Figure 3 involve "stack and draw” methods, where a series of rods or tubes are stacked together, fused and then drawn down to form a fiber. By its own nature, this process faces steep practical challenges for making arbitrary fiber architectures. The process faces additional challenges in bonding of the glasses after stacking.
  • Fibers architectures can be drawn through extrusion utilizing two or more elements in a die. These multi-element dies utilize pins to constrict the material in the die and ensure openings remain in the fiber pre-form.
  • the approach addresses challenges in making photonic crystal fibers with significant improvement over stack and draw as the voids between canes can be avoided.
  • the goal is to have very thin internal walls typically on the order of 0.1 to 10 ⁇ .
  • the process described in does not allow for the expansion of the holes to thin out the internal walls.
  • Preforms and fibers resulting from the process are limited to geometrically simple extrusion profiles made by multi-element dies. Specifically the preforms have features limited in number and or precision of size, position or shape.
  • a method where the glass could be introduced directly between the die pins would reduce the need for a long die land but is difficult to fabricate using conventional methods. Additional limitations are imposed when the required preform voids are shapes other than circular as die assembly becomes difficult or impossible.
  • Processing of non-silica glasses can present distinct challenges with respect to silica based glasses including the sharp viscosity dispersion with temperature, high vapor pressure and closely spaced softening points and crystallizations temperatures.
  • Extrusion processing of non-silicate glass compositions also displays unique challenges with respect to reactivity of the glass to the extrusion die material.
  • the interaction of the hot glass with the die can lead to changing of the optical properties of the glass through the inclusion of impurities and short-lifetime of the die. These pose challenges in the selection of material and cost effectiveness of the process.
  • the method disclosed herein has many advantages and beneficial improvements over the current methods as it can use multiple materials for the formation of the die and can accomplish complex continuous shapes and channels such that the material can be routed with precision.
  • the currently described invention is superior to the prior art in several regards.
  • the prior art does not conceive of the use of an additive manufactured die, such that the long, flexible pins can be eliminated.
  • the prior art does not address the use of multiple pressures to thin walls where needed.
  • the currently disclosed invention enables manufacturing scale method for new microstructured optical fibers not possible using old techniques. It reduced development time for new designs, to lOx faster. Also, dies are lOx lower cost, using less hazardous waste.
  • These fibers have low loss, broadband transmission in MWIR and LWIR. For example, is 250x lower loss than solid fiber at ⁇ .
  • this current invention provides for fiber geometries that are not possible with other methods.
  • the method of the present invention can include fabrication of an extrusion die, using at least one additive manufacturing technique such that the extrusion die has a plurality of channels that combine inside the die into a different plurality of channels with a different set of shapes and sizes, extruding a glass through the extrusion die to form a fiber optic preform having a plurality of longitudinal openings that run the entire length of the fiber optic preform, attaching a barrier layer to the extruded part such that multiple pressure zones can be formed in the channels of the preform, and stretching the fiber optic preform at an elevated temperature into an optical fiber.
  • Products of the present invention can include extrusion die comprising an additive
  • a proximal side having a plurality of openings and having a distal side having a plurality of openings.
  • the openings of the proximal side are the beginnings of feed channels within the body of the die.
  • the openings of the distal side are the endings of forming channels within the body of the die.
  • two or more of the feed channels combine with one or more forming channels.
  • the extrusion die where one or more of the openings on the distal side have an approximately annular transverse shape.
  • the extrusion step will involve softening the glass to reach a viscosity in the range of 10"to 10 6 Pa*sec, with preferred embodiment having range of 10 s to 10 10 .
  • the stretching step will involve heating the material such that the viscosity of the material reaches 10 7 to 10 3 Pa*sec, with preferred embodiment of 10 5 to 10 6 .
  • Each opening has a cross-sectional shape, cross sectional area and position within the transverse plane - all of which can be accurately controlled to a design using the method of the present invention.
  • the optical fibers manufactured by this invention can have openings or holes that are periodically spaced in order to control the optical properties of the fibers, as is the case in photonic crystal fibers (PCF) or photonic bandgap (PBG) fibers.
  • the openings in the fibers may have shapes and/or spacings that dictate certain electromagnetic modes of propagation within one or more transverse regions of the fiber, also called cores of the fiber, and preclude the existence cladding modes.
  • This invention can be used with any thermoplastic material including glasses, organic and inorganic polymers.
  • the extrusion die was fabricated using an additive manufacturing technique.
  • the die is made from a titanium alloy and has a distal or exit side (Figure 4A) and a proximal or in-feed side ( Figure 4B).
  • the proximal side has a plurality of openings, greater in number and transvers cross-sectional area than those of the distal side.
  • glass is heated to soften it to a viscosity between 10" and 10 6 Pa*sec and is introduced to the proximal side of the example die at a feed rate between 0.1 and 10 mm 3 /min.
  • Figure 5 shows a 45° representative section (pie wedge) of the extrusion die at the proximal end, the distal end and at a plane inside the die and feed channels (201, 202, 203, 204) these features are repeated in all other 45° pie wedges of the die.
  • the glass enters the openings and begins to flow through the feed channels
  • the feed channels 202, 203 and 204 join together with the forming channel 207.
  • the separate streams of glass combine to form a single stream. This forms the beginning of a small tube in this example.
  • the feed channel 201 joins with other feed channels in the other pie wedges (See Figure 5B) to become the start of the forming channel 206.
  • These glass streams join to form a large tube in this example.
  • the forming channel 207 joins the forming channel 205.
  • the small tube attaches to the large tube at this location.
  • Example 2 is a fiber optic preform made using the die in example 1 and comprising an As-S based glass with 8 small openings of approximately the same size and circular transverse cross- sectional shape and 1 large central opening.
  • Figure 6 shows a photo of this preform.
  • the outer diameter is about 18 mm.
  • the small tubes have inner diameter of 1.9 mm and outer diameter of 2.6 mm and wall thickness of 0.35 mm.
  • the total length is 135 mm.
  • Example 3 is an optical fiber made using the preform in example 2 and comprising an As-S based glass with 8 small openings of approximately the same size and circular transverse cross-sectional shape and 1 large central opening.
  • Figure 7 shows a photo of this fiber.
  • the outer diameter is about 200 ⁇ .
  • the small tubes have inner diameter of 70 ⁇ and outer diameter of 83 ⁇ and wall thickness of 6.5 ⁇ .
  • the total length is 2 m.
  • the currently disclosed invention enables manufacturing scale method for new microstructured optical fibers not possible using old techniques. It reduced development time for new designs, to lOx faster. Also, dies are lOx lower cost, using less hazardous waste. These fibers have low loss, broadband transmission in MWIR and LWIR. For example, is 250x lower loss than solid fiber at ⁇ .
  • this current invention provides for fiber geometries that are not possible with other methods.
  • This invention enables rapid continued progress in infrared optical fibers. Future Naval applications utilizing high-power IR lasers will benefit.

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Geochemistry & Mineralogy (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Optics & Photonics (AREA)
  • Crystallography & Structural Chemistry (AREA)
  • Manufacture, Treatment Of Glass Fibers (AREA)
  • Surface Treatment Of Glass Fibres Or Filaments (AREA)

Abstract

Un procédé de fabrication d'une fibre optique à ouvertures multiples comprend les étapes consistant à fabriquer une filière d'extrusion par fabrication additive, de sorte que la filière d'extrusion présente une pluralité de canaux qui se combinent à l'intérieur de la filière en un autre ensemble de canaux, à extruder un verre, à former une préforme de fibre optique ayant une pluralité d'ouvertures longitudinales qui s'étendent sur toute la longueur, à fixer une couche barrière pour une application de pression, et à étirer la préforme en une fibre optique à ouvertures multiples. L'invention concerne également une filière d'extrusion comprenant un matériau obtenu par fabrication additive, présentant un côté proximal ayant des ouvertures et présentant un côté distal ayant des ouvertures, les ouvertures du côté proximal étant des canaux d'alimentation, les ouvertures du côté distal étant de canaux de formation, et deux des canaux d'alimentation se combinant avec les canaux de formation à l'intérieur du corps de la filière.
PCT/US2017/054732 2016-10-03 2017-10-02 Procédé de fabrication de fibres optiques à ouvertures multiples WO2018067445A2 (fr)

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US62/403,307 2016-10-03

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Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN113939482A (zh) * 2019-07-17 2022-01-14 贺利氏石英玻璃有限两合公司 制造空芯光纤和空芯光纤预制件的方法

Family Cites Families (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP4929833B2 (ja) * 2006-05-17 2012-05-09 旭硝子株式会社 光ファイバ製造方法
FR2926640B1 (fr) * 2008-01-18 2010-08-20 Draka Comteq France Sa Fibre optique gainee et cable de telecommunication
US8076057B2 (en) * 2008-02-29 2011-12-13 Corning Incorporated Methods of making extrusion dies
US8571371B2 (en) * 2011-06-15 2013-10-29 The United States Of America As Represented By The Secretary Of The Navy Direct extrusion method for the fabrication of photonic band gap (PBG) fibers and fiber preforms
JP5830426B2 (ja) * 2012-04-02 2015-12-09 積水化学工業株式会社 プラスチック光ファイバーの製造方法

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN113939482A (zh) * 2019-07-17 2022-01-14 贺利氏石英玻璃有限两合公司 制造空芯光纤和空芯光纤预制件的方法
CN113939482B (zh) * 2019-07-17 2023-12-26 贺利氏石英玻璃有限两合公司 制造空芯光纤和空芯光纤预制件的方法

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