WO2018060615A1 - Intake air management system for a motor vehicle heat engine - Google Patents

Intake air management system for a motor vehicle heat engine Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2018060615A1
WO2018060615A1 PCT/FR2017/052620 FR2017052620W WO2018060615A1 WO 2018060615 A1 WO2018060615 A1 WO 2018060615A1 FR 2017052620 W FR2017052620 W FR 2017052620W WO 2018060615 A1 WO2018060615 A1 WO 2018060615A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
air
compressor
cooling device
exchanger
tair
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/FR2017/052620
Other languages
French (fr)
Inventor
Eric Droulez
Bertrand Gessier
Maël BRIEND
Carlos Martins
Stéphane TONDELLI
Anne-Sylvie Magnier-Cathenod
Zoulika SOUKEUR
Original Assignee
Valeo Systemes Thermiques
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Valeo Systemes Thermiques filed Critical Valeo Systemes Thermiques
Publication of WO2018060615A1 publication Critical patent/WO2018060615A1/en

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02B—INTERNAL-COMBUSTION PISTON ENGINES; COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL
    • F02B29/00—Engines characterised by provision for charging or scavenging not provided for in groups F02B25/00, F02B27/00 or F02B33/00 - F02B39/00; Details thereof
    • F02B29/04—Cooling of air intake supply
    • F02B29/045—Constructional details of the heat exchangers, e.g. pipes, plates, ribs, insulation, materials, or manufacturing and assembly
    • F02B29/0475—Constructional details of the heat exchangers, e.g. pipes, plates, ribs, insulation, materials, or manufacturing and assembly the intake air cooler being combined with another device, e.g. heater, valve, compressor, filter or EGR cooler, or being assembled on a special engine location
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02B—INTERNAL-COMBUSTION PISTON ENGINES; COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL
    • F02B29/00—Engines characterised by provision for charging or scavenging not provided for in groups F02B25/00, F02B27/00 or F02B33/00 - F02B39/00; Details thereof
    • F02B29/04—Cooling of air intake supply
    • F02B29/045—Constructional details of the heat exchangers, e.g. pipes, plates, ribs, insulation, materials, or manufacturing and assembly
    • F02B29/0462—Liquid cooled heat exchangers
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02B—INTERNAL-COMBUSTION PISTON ENGINES; COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL
    • F02B39/00—Component parts, details, or accessories relating to, driven charging or scavenging pumps, not provided for in groups F02B33/00 - F02B37/00
    • F02B39/02—Drives of pumps; Varying pump drive gear ratio
    • F02B39/08—Non-mechanical drives, e.g. fluid drives having variable gear ratio
    • F02B39/10—Non-mechanical drives, e.g. fluid drives having variable gear ratio electric
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04B—POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS
    • F04B35/00—Piston pumps specially adapted for elastic fluids and characterised by the driving means to their working members, or by combination with, or adaptation to, specific driving engines or motors, not otherwise provided for
    • F04B35/04—Piston pumps specially adapted for elastic fluids and characterised by the driving means to their working members, or by combination with, or adaptation to, specific driving engines or motors, not otherwise provided for the means being electric
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04D—NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT PUMPS
    • F04D17/00—Radial-flow pumps, e.g. centrifugal pumps; Helico-centrifugal pumps
    • F04D17/08—Centrifugal pumps
    • F04D17/10—Centrifugal pumps for compressing or evacuating
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04D—NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT PUMPS
    • F04D29/00—Details, component parts, or accessories
    • F04D29/58—Cooling; Heating; Diminishing heat transfer
    • F04D29/582—Cooling; Heating; Diminishing heat transfer specially adapted for elastic fluid pumps
    • F04D29/5826—Cooling at least part of the working fluid in a heat exchanger
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28D—HEAT-EXCHANGE APPARATUS, NOT PROVIDED FOR IN ANOTHER SUBCLASS, IN WHICH THE HEAT-EXCHANGE MEDIA DO NOT COME INTO DIRECT CONTACT
    • F28D9/00—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary plate-like or laminated conduit assemblies for both heat-exchange media, the media being in contact with different sides of a conduit wall
    • F28D9/0031—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary plate-like or laminated conduit assemblies for both heat-exchange media, the media being in contact with different sides of a conduit wall the conduits for one heat-exchange medium being formed by paired plates touching each other
    • F28D9/0043—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary plate-like or laminated conduit assemblies for both heat-exchange media, the media being in contact with different sides of a conduit wall the conduits for one heat-exchange medium being formed by paired plates touching each other the plates having openings therein for circulation of at least one heat-exchange medium from one conduit to another
    • F28D9/0056—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary plate-like or laminated conduit assemblies for both heat-exchange media, the media being in contact with different sides of a conduit wall the conduits for one heat-exchange medium being formed by paired plates touching each other the plates having openings therein for circulation of at least one heat-exchange medium from one conduit to another with U-flow or serpentine-flow inside conduits; with centrally arranged openings on the plates
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28F—DETAILS OF HEAT-EXCHANGE AND HEAT-TRANSFER APPARATUS, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
    • F28F9/00—Casings; Header boxes; Auxiliary supports for elements; Auxiliary members within casings
    • F28F9/001—Casings in the form of plate-like arrangements; Frames enclosing a heat exchange core
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28F—DETAILS OF HEAT-EXCHANGE AND HEAT-TRANSFER APPARATUS, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
    • F28F9/00—Casings; Header boxes; Auxiliary supports for elements; Auxiliary members within casings
    • F28F9/02—Header boxes; End plates
    • F28F9/0246—Arrangements for connecting header boxes with flow lines
    • F28F9/0251—Massive connectors, e.g. blocks; Plate-like connectors
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F05—INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
    • F05D—INDEXING SCHEME FOR ASPECTS RELATING TO NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES, GAS-TURBINES OR JET-PROPULSION PLANTS
    • F05D2250/00—Geometry
    • F05D2250/50—Inlet or outlet
    • F05D2250/52—Outlet
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28D—HEAT-EXCHANGE APPARATUS, NOT PROVIDED FOR IN ANOTHER SUBCLASS, IN WHICH THE HEAT-EXCHANGE MEDIA DO NOT COME INTO DIRECT CONTACT
    • F28D21/00—Heat-exchange apparatus not covered by any of the groups F28D1/00 - F28D20/00
    • F28D2021/0019—Other heat exchangers for particular applications; Heat exchange systems not otherwise provided for
    • F28D2021/008—Other heat exchangers for particular applications; Heat exchange systems not otherwise provided for for vehicles
    • F28D2021/0082—Charged air coolers
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28D—HEAT-EXCHANGE APPARATUS, NOT PROVIDED FOR IN ANOTHER SUBCLASS, IN WHICH THE HEAT-EXCHANGE MEDIA DO NOT COME INTO DIRECT CONTACT
    • F28D7/00—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary tubular conduit assemblies for both heat-exchange media, the media being in contact with different sides of a conduit wall
    • F28D7/16—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary tubular conduit assemblies for both heat-exchange media, the media being in contact with different sides of a conduit wall the conduits being arranged in parallel spaced relation
    • F28D7/1684—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary tubular conduit assemblies for both heat-exchange media, the media being in contact with different sides of a conduit wall the conduits being arranged in parallel spaced relation the conduits having a non-circular cross-section
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28F—DETAILS OF HEAT-EXCHANGE AND HEAT-TRANSFER APPARATUS, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
    • F28F9/00—Casings; Header boxes; Auxiliary supports for elements; Auxiliary members within casings
    • F28F9/02—Header boxes; End plates
    • F28F2009/0285—Other particular headers or end plates
    • F28F2009/0292—Other particular headers or end plates with fins
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
    • Y02T10/10—Internal combustion engine [ICE] based vehicles
    • Y02T10/12—Improving ICE efficiencies

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to an intake air management system for a motor vehicle engine.
  • Patent application EP1832754 discloses a supercharging compressor using fins inside the scroll of the compressor, so as to cool the air circulating inside the compressor.
  • the invention aims in particular to improve an intake air management system for a motor vehicle engine.
  • the invention relates to an intake air management system for a motor vehicle engine, the system comprising:
  • an electric compressor capable of compressing the intake air intended for the heat engine, the compressor comprising a body having an air inlet and an air outlet,
  • a cooling device adapted to cool the air flowing through the compressor, the cooling device being provided with a heat exchanger forming an alternating stack of tubes through which can circulate a cooling fluid and fins on contact of which the air is cooled, a system in which a criterion for dimensioning the exchanger Cr is defined as follows:
  • DG is the density gain that relates thermal efficiency and pressure drop
  • Tair_target is the target air temperature at the compressor output
  • Tair_out is the actual air temperature at the compressor outlet, characterized in that the L and W values are contained, in order to have the Cr maximum criterion with a tolerance of 5%, in the range delimited by the following lines:
  • the value L being the length of the exchanger taken parallel to the direction of circulation of the air to be cooled
  • the value W being the width of the exchanger taken perpendicular to L.
  • the invention makes it possible, surprisingly, to generate as little as possible a non-productive pressure drop and to achieve a satisfactory compromise between thermal efficiency and limited pressure drop. Indeed a too great pressure drop would cause a decrease in the density of the air from the compressor and therefore a drop in efficiency on the engine torque.
  • the height of each tube is between 1 mm and 2.5 mm.
  • the air cooling fins are louvered to improve heat transfer.
  • each fin has a height of between 4 mm and 6 mm.
  • the output section of the electric compressor is equivalent to a circle with a diameter of between 30 mm and 80 mm.
  • the cooling device comprises an envelope in which the exchanger is housed, this envelope being provided with an air inlet that connects fluidly to the output of the electric compressor to allow the flow of air from the compressor to the heat exchanger.
  • the inlet has a portion of substantially divergent shape towards the exchanger.
  • the envelope comprises an outlet having a portion of convergent shape in the direction of flow of air.
  • the inlet and outlet each comprise a cylindrical portion, in addition to the convergent and divergent portions.
  • the exchanger in the envelope is disposed between the diverging portion and the convergent portion.
  • the cooling device comprises a fluidic connector for the circulation of cooling fluid, this fluid connector extending perpendicular to a direction of circulation of the air to be cooled.
  • the tubes are formed between plates and comprise if desired smooth disrupters, for example of sinusoidal form.
  • the tubes are arranged to allow a circulation in at least two passes methodically preferably on the refrigerant side to improve the heat transfer while limiting the pressure drop on the refrigerant side.
  • the cross section of the heat exchanger preferably reaches the output cross section of the electric compressor to plus or minus 15%.
  • the invention also relates to an intake air management system for a motor vehicle engine, the system comprising: an electric compressor capable of compressing the intake air intended for the heat engine, the compressor comprising a body, in particular made of aluminum, having an air inlet and an air outlet,
  • a cooling device capable of cooling the air flowing through the compressor, the cooling device being provided with at least one heat exchange surface,
  • the compressor body having a mounting interface of the cooling device.
  • the cooling device can be arranged so that the cooling of the intake air increases the density of the intake air while maintaining the pressure so as to reduce the power consumption of the supercharger or, alternatively, at constant electric power to increase the density of the air.
  • the cooling device comprises a plurality of heat exchange surfaces, for example a block of heat exchange surfaces.
  • the mounting interface of the cooling device is placed in contact with the air outlet of the electric compressor, on an outer surface of the compressor body.
  • the compressor comprises a volute having an output and the mounting interface is disposed at the output of this volute.
  • the cooling device is predominantly out of the volute, especially completely out of the volute.
  • the cooling device is arranged in the extension of the volute.
  • the block of heat exchange surfaces intercepts the flow of air having circulated in the compressor at the outlet of the compressor.
  • the system comprises a housing mounted on the compressor body via the mounting interface, the housing and the body forming a housing of the cooling device.
  • the mounting interface is a flange of the compressor body, flange against which is applied the housing to form the housing of the cooling device.
  • the housing defines an interior cavity in which the heat exchange surface is disposed, or possibly a group of heat exchange surfaces, this group being for example a block of exchange surfaces. thermal.
  • the housing makes it possible to isolate the cooling device with respect to the external environment and thus to ensure at least partly the sealing.
  • the housing is at least partially made of plastic.
  • the plastic part of the housing makes it possible to further improve the thermal properties.
  • the intrinsic insulating properties (conductivity and conduction) of the plastic limit thermal losses with the ambient environment as well as the metal volute of the compressor.
  • the use of a plastic housing allows thermal decoupling between the compressor and the cooling device by isolating the contact surface with the compressor via a flat thermal insulation seal.
  • the compressor body is for example aluminum.
  • the plastic housing thermally isolates the cooling device cooler than the aluminum body of the compressor and the under-bonnet environment.
  • the housing is made in one piece.
  • the housing is for example made by molding.
  • the plastic housing comprises an air gap arranged to increase the thermal insulation with the ambient environment.
  • the casing is fixed to the body of the compressor in a detachable manner, for example by means of fixing members fixed to the body and / or the casing.
  • these fasteners may comprise one or more screws cooperating with holes formed in the body of the compressor.
  • the housing has an opening capable of passing the intake air.
  • the system comprises sealing means provided between the housing and the compressor body, in contact with the mounting interface.
  • the sealing means may comprise a seal.
  • the housing has an outer surface comprising mechanical reinforcing ribs.
  • the output of the compressor, in particular of the volute has a substantially rectangular shape.
  • the flange which defines the mounting interface is also substantially rectangular in shape.
  • This collar may comprise one or more ears with a screw hole.
  • the mounting interface is substantially flat.
  • the housing has a notch, in particular a notch, arranged to allow the passage of at least one fluid connector for circulating in the cooling device of the cooling fluid.
  • the notch for the fluidic connector is disposed perpendicularly to the direction of flow of the intake air into the cooling device.
  • the fluidic connector may include an inlet and an outlet for cooling fluid.
  • each fluidic connector is connected to channels of the cooling device, which channels are in contact with the heat exchange surfaces.
  • the heat exchange surfaces are arranged parallel to each other, at least partially.
  • the heat exchange surfaces are arranged in such a way that the intake air flowing in this cooling device passes between the heat exchange surfaces.
  • the heat exchange surfaces are secured together so as to form a cooling block disposed in the housing.
  • this block is at least partially surrounded, at one of its ends, by the aforementioned seal.
  • the cooling device is housed at least partially in the compressor body.
  • the block of heat exchange surfaces is housed mainly in the compressor body.
  • the body of the compressor corresponds in particular to a mechanical casing disposed around the electric motor and the associated drive shaft.
  • the block of heat exchange surfaces intercepts the flow of air flowing in the compressor before this flow leaves the compressor.
  • the cooling device extends mainly in the radial direction, away from the maximum radius of the compressor body.
  • the block of heat exchange surfaces is located mainly in the radial direction, set back from the maximum radius of a scroll of the compressor.
  • the cooling device extends between a main part of the volute and an end portion which guides the compressed air towards the outlet of the compressor.
  • This arrangement makes it possible to take advantage of the available radial space around the electric motor of the compressor to place the cooling device, which makes it possible to have a compact assembly.
  • the heat exchange surface is secured to a support which is mounted on the mounting interface of the compressor body.
  • the support comprises a flat face on the side of the heat exchange surfaces.
  • the support comprises a plate. According to another aspect of the invention, the support is mounted on the mounting interface with screws.
  • the support comprises inputs and outputs for fluidically connecting the block of heat exchange surfaces to a source of cooling fluid.
  • a seal is provided between the mounting interface and the support.
  • this support or this plate is made of aluminum.
  • the cooling of the compressor body can be ensured by a circulation of cooling fluid in a double casing acting as a housing.
  • One of the connectors is then on the housing while the second is on the cooling device.
  • the coolant can circulate in series in the cooling device and the compressor housing.
  • the electric supercharger (supercharger) is in addition to a turbocharger to overcome its response time (due to its inertia and the time required for the exhaust gas have sufficient energy to train him).
  • the compressor provides supercharging in a few hundred milliseconds until the turbocharger has sufficient speed to take over.
  • the speed of rotation of this type of electric machine can reach 70000 revolutions / min.
  • said rotating electrical machine has a response time of the order of 250 ms to go from 5000 to 70,000 revolutions / min.
  • FIG. 1 is an exploded perspective view of a first embodiment of the invention
  • FIG. 1a illustrates a compressor of the system of FIG. 1,
  • FIG. 2 is an assembled perspective view of the embodiment of FIG. 1;
  • FIGS. 3 and 4 are perspective views of a second embodiment of the invention, before and after mounting,
  • FIGS. 5 to 8 show another embodiment of the invention.
  • FIG. 9 illustrates the range of optimized values for L and W.
  • a first embodiment of the invention of an intake air management system 100 is shown in connection with FIGS. 1 and 2. of a motor vehicle engine, which comprises an electric compressor 1 and a cooling device 2.
  • FIG. 1a shows the over-power compressor 1 comprising a wheel 12 provided with fins 13 able to suck, via an inlet 14, non-compressed air coming from an air source (not shown) and to discharge compressed air via the outlet 15 after passing through a volute 16.
  • the outlet 15 can be connected to an inlet distributor (not shown) situated upstream of the explosion engine in order to optimize the filling of the cylinders of the combustion engine.
  • the suction of the air is performed in an axial direction, that is to say along the X axis of the wheel 12, and the discharge is made in a radial direction substantially perpendicular to the X axis of the wheel 12.
  • the air could be pre-compressed on a turbo mechanical upstream.
  • the wheel 12 is driven by an electric machine 17 mounted inside a housing or body 18.
  • This machine 17 is configured in engine.
  • This electric machine 17 comprises a stator 29, which may be polyphase, surrounding a rotor 10 with the presence of an air gap.
  • This stator 29 is mounted in the compressor body 18.
  • the rotor 10 is integral with a shaft 19 cooperating with bearings 20a and 20b.
  • the shaft 19 is connected in rotation with the wheel 12 as well as with the rotor 10.
  • the stator 29 comprises a body consisting of a stack of thin sheets forming a ring, whose inner face is provided with notches open inwards to receive phase windings.
  • the rotation axis rotor X is for example permanent magnets.
  • the rotor 10 comprises a body formed here by a stack of sheets.
  • a bottom wall 45 closes the compressor body 18, on the opposite side to the wheel 12.
  • the body 18 comprises both a portion 18a surrounding the motor 17 and a portion 18b forming the volute 16. These parts 18a and 18b are separate parts and assembled together, including using screws.
  • the body 18 defines a compartment for receiving unrepresented electronic components.
  • the body 18 or at least part 18a may be aluminum. However, it is of course possible to implement a compressor body made of another material.
  • the cooling device 2 is able to cool the air flowing through the compressor 1.
  • This cooling device 3 is provided with a group of heat exchange surfaces 31 or exchanger 31.
  • the heat exchange surface 31 has an alternation of pairs of plates, allowing the circulation of a cooling fluid, and spacers allowing the circulation of the air leaving the compressor 1.
  • the portion 18a of the body of the compressor 18 comprises a mounting interface 23 of the cooling device 2.
  • the mounting interface 23 is disposed at the outlet 15 of this volute 16.
  • the cooling device 2 is entirely out of the volute.
  • the cooling device 2 is arranged in the extension of the volute 16.
  • the heat exchange surfaces 31 intercept the flow of air having circulated in the compressor 1 at the outlet 15 of the compressor.
  • the system 100 comprises a housing 4 mounted on the body 18 of the compressor via the mounting interface 23, the housing 4 and the body 18 forming a housing of the cooling device 3.
  • the mounting interface 23 is a flange of the part 18a of the compressor body, flange against which the housing 4 is applied.
  • the housing 4 is at least partially made of plastic, made by molding in one piece.
  • the body portion 18a of the compressor is for example aluminum.
  • the casing 4 is fixed to the body 18 of the compressor in a detachable manner, for example by means of screws 51 fixed to the body 18 and the casing 4.
  • the housing 4 has an opening 41 able to let the intake air.
  • the system may comprise a seal 39 disposed between the housing and the compressor body, in contact with the interface of mounting 23, around the mounting flange and on the left periphery of the beam or block of heat exchange surfaces.
  • the housing 4 has an outer surface comprising ribs 42 of mechanical reinforcement.
  • the ribs 42 allow the casing 4 to have better mechanical strength, for example thermal deformations.
  • the outlet 15 of the compressor has a substantially rectangular shape and the flange 23 which defines the mounting interface is also substantially rectangular in shape.
  • This flange 23 may comprise one or more ears 52 with a screw hole.
  • the outlet 15 may have a circular, oval, square, or polygonal shape in general.
  • the mounting interface 23 is substantially planar.
  • the housing 4 has a lateral cut 44, arranged to allow the passage of a fluid connector 45 for circulating in the cooling device of the cooling fluid.
  • the notch 44 for the fluidic connector is disposed perpendicular to the flow direction of the intake air in the cooling device.
  • the fluidic connector 45 has inlets and outlets 31 1 and
  • This fluid connector 45 is connected to channels of the cooling device, which channels are in contact with the heat exchange surfaces.
  • the heat exchange surfaces 31 are arranged in such a way that the intake air circulating in this cooling device passes between the heat exchange surfaces.
  • the cooling device 3 is placed in such a way that the air flow coming out of the electric compressor arrives perpendicular to a longitudinal direction of the device formed by the alignment of the pairs of plates.
  • the cooling device 3 is placed in such a way that the flow of intake air leaving the compressor can pass through the spacers and be cooled by refrigerant circulating in the pairs of plates.
  • the opening 41 has, in the illustrated example, a substantially circular section formed at the end of a cylindrical tube 410.
  • the electric compressor 1 ' comprises a body 18' which has an air inlet 14 and an air outlet 15.
  • the body 18 ' like the body 18, has portions 18a' and 18b '.
  • the body portion 18a ' may for example be aluminum.
  • the system 100 ' comprises a cooling device 50 partially housed in the body 18' of the compressor.
  • This cooling device 50 is provided with a heat exchange surface 31 'or exchanger 31'.
  • the heat exchange surface 31 ' has an alternation of pairs of plates, allowing the circulation of a cooling fluid, and spacers allowing the circulation of the air leaving the compressor 1'.
  • a heat exchange surface 31 comprising an alternation of fluid circulation tubes and fins.
  • This exchange surface 31 ' also has a support 55 carrying an inlet 31 1' of fluid and an outlet 312 'of fluid placed in the continuity of the stack of pairs of plates.
  • the body 18 'of the compressor 1' has an interface 23 'for mounting the cooling device 50.
  • the heat exchange surfaces are housed mainly in the body 18 'of the compressor.
  • the heat exchange surfaces 31 ' intercept the flow of air flowing in the compressor before this flow leaves the compressor 1'.
  • the cooling device 50 extends predominantly, in the radial direction, away from the maximum radius of the compressor body 18 '.
  • the heat exchange surfaces are located mainly in the radial direction, set back from the maximum radius of the volute 16 of the compressor.
  • the cooling device 50 extends between a main part 58 of the volute and an end portion 59 which guides the compressed air towards the outlet of the compressor.
  • the heat exchange surface 31 ' is secured to a support 55 which is mounted on the mounting interface 23' of the compressor body.
  • the support 55 comprises a flat face on the side of the heat exchange surfaces, and comprises a plate.
  • the support 55 is mounted on the mounting interface with screws 51 or any other fastening system.
  • the support 55 has inlets and outlets 31 1 and 312 for fluidically connecting the block of heat exchange surfaces to a source of cooling fluid.
  • a rectangular outside perimeter seal 66 is provided between the mounting interface 23 'and the support 55.
  • the plate 55 is made of aluminum.
  • the cooling device 2; 50 is disposed in an air conditioning circuit of the vehicle, in particular between a pressure reducer and an evaporator of this air conditioning circuit.
  • the cooling device is advantageously placed at a cold location of the air conditioning circuit, just after the expander in a low pressure part of the air conditioning circuit.
  • the phase change in a low pressure part of the air conditioning maximizes the heat exchange potential.
  • the cooling device is placed fluidly on a high pressure line to limit the impact on the air conditioning.
  • the transient phase of operation can be for example a vehicle acceleration phase or a low engine reversion.
  • the cooling device 1 10 is provided with a heat exchanger 1 1 1 forming an alternating stack of tubes 1 12 (see Figure 8) through which can circulate a cooling fluid and fins 1 13 (see Figure 8) to whose air is cooled, a system in which a criterion for dimensioning the exchanger Cr is defined as follows:
  • DG is the density gain that relates thermal efficiency and pressure drop
  • Tair_target is the target air temperature at the compressor output
  • Tair_out is the actual air temperature at the compressor outlet, the L and W values being contained, in order to have the maximum Cr criterion with a tolerance of 5%, in the range delimited by the following lines:
  • the value L being the length of the exchanger taken parallel to the direction of circulation of the air to be cooled (see FIGS. 6 and 7)
  • the value W being the width of the exchanger taken perpendicularly to L (see FIGS. 6 and 7).
  • a height value H is also illustrated in FIG. 7, this height H measuring one dimension in the direction of the stack.
  • the square-shaped dots in Figure 9 correspond to a tube pitch of 6.9 mm.
  • the diamond-shaped dots in FIG. 9 correspond to a tube pitch of 5.9 mm.
  • the cooling device 1 10 comprises a casing 1 15 in which the exchanger 1 1 1 is housed, this casing 1 15 being provided with an air inlet 1 16 that fluidly connects to the outlet of the electric compressor 1 to enable the flow of air from the compressor to the heat exchanger.
  • the inlet 1 16 has a portion 1 18 of substantially divergent shape towards the exchanger, as can be seen in Figures 5 and 6.
  • the casing 1 has an outlet January 19 having a portion 120 of convergent shape in the direction of air flow.
  • the inputs 1 16 and 1 19 output each comprise a cylindrical portion 121, in addition to convergent portions 1 18 and divergent 120.
  • the cylindrical portions 121 are coaxial with axis X1.
  • the exchanger 1 1 1 in the casing 1 15 is disposed between the diverging portion 1 18 and the convergent portion 120.
  • the cooling device 1 comprises a fluidic connector 45 for the circulation of cooling fluid, this fluid connector 45 extending perpendicularly to the direction X1 of circulation of the air to be cooled.
  • the tubes January 12 are formed between plates and comprise if desired smooth disruptors.
  • These tubes January 12 are arranged to allow circulation in at least two preferably methodical passes on the refrigerant side to improve the heat transfer while limiting the pressure drop on the refrigerant side.
  • the cross section of the heat exchanger 1 1 1 preferably reaches the output cross section of the electric compressor to plus or minus 15%.
  • exchanger 31 'illustrated in FIG. 3 can also be dimensioned with the values in the range described with reference to FIG. 9.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Structures Of Non-Positive Displacement Pumps (AREA)
  • Motor Or Generator Cooling System (AREA)

Abstract

The invention relates to an intake air management system for a motor vehicle heat engine, said system comprising: an electric compressor, which can compress the intake air intended for the heat engine, said compressor including a body having an air intake port and an air exhaust port; and a cooling device (110), which can cool the air flowing through the compressor, said cooling device being provided with a heat exchanger (111) forming an alternating stack of tubes (112), through which a cooling fluid can flow, and fins, on contact with which the air is cooled.

Description

Système de gestion d'air d'admission pour un moteur thermique de véhicule automobile  Intake air management system for a motor vehicle engine
La présente invention concerne un système de gestion d'air d'admission pour un moteur thermique de véhicule automobile. The present invention relates to an intake air management system for a motor vehicle engine.
On connaît par la demande de brevet EP1832754 un compresseur de suralimentation mettant en œuvre des ailettes à l'intérieur de la volute du compresseur, de sorte à refroidir l'air circulant à l'intérieur du compresseur.  Patent application EP1832754 discloses a supercharging compressor using fins inside the scroll of the compressor, so as to cool the air circulating inside the compressor.
Par ailleurs la demande de brevet WO2004027234 décrit un turbo-charger.  Furthermore patent application WO2004027234 describes a turbo-charger.
L'invention vise notamment à améliorer un système de gestion d'air d'admission pour un moteur thermique de véhicule automobile.  The invention aims in particular to improve an intake air management system for a motor vehicle engine.
L'invention a pour objet un système de gestion d'air d'admission pour un moteur thermique de véhicule automobile, le système comprenant :  The invention relates to an intake air management system for a motor vehicle engine, the system comprising:
- un compresseur électrique apte à comprimer l'air d'admission destiné au moteur thermique, le compresseur comportant un corps présentant une entrée d'air et une sortie d'air,  an electric compressor capable of compressing the intake air intended for the heat engine, the compressor comprising a body having an air inlet and an air outlet,
- un dispositif de refroidissement apte à refroidir l'air qui circule à travers le compresseur, le dispositif de refroidissement étant pourvu d'un échangeur thermique formant un empilement alterné de tubes à travers lesquels peut circuler un fluide de refroidissement et d'ailettes au contact desquelles l'air est refroidi, système dans lequel un critère de dimensionnement de l'échangeur Cr est défini de la manière suivante :  - A cooling device adapted to cool the air flowing through the compressor, the cooling device being provided with a heat exchanger forming an alternating stack of tubes through which can circulate a cooling fluid and fins on contact of which the air is cooled, a system in which a criterion for dimensioning the exchanger Cr is defined as follows:
Cr= DG*(Tair_target/Tair_out)*(1 /Volume) Cr = DG * (Tair_target / Tair_out) * (1 / Volume)
où  or
DG est le gain en densité qui relie l'efficacité thermique et la chute de pression  DG is the density gain that relates thermal efficiency and pressure drop
Tair_target est la température de l'air visée en sortie de compresseur Tair_out est la température réelle de l'air en sortie de compresseur caractérisé en ce que les valeurs L et W sont contenues, afin d'avoir le critère Cr maximal avec une tolérance de 5%, dans le domaine délimité par les droites suivantes : Tair_target is the target air temperature at the compressor output Tair_out is the actual air temperature at the compressor outlet, characterized in that the L and W values are contained, in order to have the Cr maximum criterion with a tolerance of 5%, in the range delimited by the following lines:
W=-0.73L+128  W = -0.73L + 128
W=-0.25L+55  W = -0.25L + 55
pour L allant de 20mm à 100 mm  for L ranging from 20mm to 100mm
la valeur L étant la longueur de l'échangeur prise parallèlement à la direction de circulation de l'air à refroidir  the value L being the length of the exchanger taken parallel to the direction of circulation of the air to be cooled
la valeur W étant la largeur de l'échangeur prise perpendiculairement à L.  the value W being the width of the exchanger taken perpendicular to L.
L'invention permet, de manière surprenante, de générer le moins possible une chute de pression non productive et de parvenir à un compromis satisfaisant entre efficacité thermique et chute de pression limitée. En effet une chute de pression trop grande provoquerait une baisse de la densité de l'air issu du compresseur et donc une baisse de l'efficacité sur le couple moteur. The invention makes it possible, surprisingly, to generate as little as possible a non-productive pressure drop and to achieve a satisfactory compromise between thermal efficiency and limited pressure drop. Indeed a too great pressure drop would cause a decrease in the density of the air from the compressor and therefore a drop in efficiency on the engine torque.
Selon un aspect de l'invention, la hauteur de chaque tube est comprise entre 1 mm et 2.5 mm.  According to one aspect of the invention, the height of each tube is between 1 mm and 2.5 mm.
Selon un aspect de l'invention, les ailettes de refroidissement d'air sont persiennées de manière à améliorer le transfert de chaleur.  In one aspect of the invention, the air cooling fins are louvered to improve heat transfer.
Selon un aspect de l'invention, chaque ailette présente une hauteur comprise entre 4 mm et 6 mm.  According to one aspect of the invention, each fin has a height of between 4 mm and 6 mm.
Selon un aspect de l'invention, la section de sortie du compresseur électrique est équivalente à un cercle de diamètre compris ente 30 mm et 80 mm.  According to one aspect of the invention, the output section of the electric compressor is equivalent to a circle with a diameter of between 30 mm and 80 mm.
Selon un aspect de l'invention, le dispositif de refroidissement comporte une enveloppe dans laquelle est logé l'échangeur, cette enveloppe étant pourvue d'une entrée d'air se connectant fluidiquement à la sortie du compresseur électrique pour permettre la circulation de l'air du compresseur vers l'échangeur thermique. According to one aspect of the invention, the cooling device comprises an envelope in which the exchanger is housed, this envelope being provided with an air inlet that connects fluidly to the output of the electric compressor to allow the flow of air from the compressor to the heat exchanger.
Selon un aspect de l'invention, l'entrée présente une portion de forme sensiblement divergente en direction de l'échangeur.  According to one aspect of the invention, the inlet has a portion of substantially divergent shape towards the exchanger.
Selon un aspect de l'invention, l'enveloppe comporte une sortie ayant une portion de forme convergente suivant la direction de circulation de l'air.  According to one aspect of the invention, the envelope comprises an outlet having a portion of convergent shape in the direction of flow of air.
Selon un aspect de l'invention, les entrée et sortie comportent chacune une portion cylindrique, en plus des portions convergente et divergente.  According to one aspect of the invention, the inlet and outlet each comprise a cylindrical portion, in addition to the convergent and divergent portions.
Selon un aspect de l'invention, l'échangeur dans l'enveloppe est disposé entre la portion divergente et la portion convergente.  According to one aspect of the invention, the exchanger in the envelope is disposed between the diverging portion and the convergent portion.
Selon un aspect de l'invention, le dispositif de refroidissement comporte un connecteur fluidique pour la circulation de fluide de refroidissement, ce connecteur fluidique s'étendant perpendiculairement à a direction de circulation de l'air à refroidir.  According to one aspect of the invention, the cooling device comprises a fluidic connector for the circulation of cooling fluid, this fluid connector extending perpendicular to a direction of circulation of the air to be cooled.
Selon un aspect de l'invention, les tubes sont formés entre des plaques et comportent si on le souhaite des perturbateurs lisses, par exemple de forme sinusoïdale.  According to one aspect of the invention, the tubes are formed between plates and comprise if desired smooth disrupters, for example of sinusoidal form.
Selon un aspect de l'invention, les tubes sont agencés pour permettre une circulation en au moins deux passes de préférence méthodique du côté du fluide réfrigérant afin d'améliorer le transfert thermique tout en limitant la chute de pression du côté du fluide réfrigérant.  According to one aspect of the invention, the tubes are arranged to allow a circulation in at least two passes methodically preferably on the refrigerant side to improve the heat transfer while limiting the pressure drop on the refrigerant side.
Selon un aspect de l'invention, la section transversale de l'échangeur thermique atteint de préférence la section transversale de sortie du compresseur électrique à plus ou moins 15%.  According to one aspect of the invention, the cross section of the heat exchanger preferably reaches the output cross section of the electric compressor to plus or minus 15%.
L'invention a également pour objet un système de gestion d'air d'admission pour un moteur thermique de véhicule automobile, le système comprenant : - un compresseur électrique apte à comprimer l'air d'admission destiné au moteur thermique, le compresseur comportant un corps, notamment réalisé en aluminium, présentant une entrée d'air et une sortie d'air, The invention also relates to an intake air management system for a motor vehicle engine, the system comprising: an electric compressor capable of compressing the intake air intended for the heat engine, the compressor comprising a body, in particular made of aluminum, having an air inlet and an air outlet,
- un dispositif de refroidissement apte à refroidir l'air qui circule à travers le compresseur, le dispositif de refroidissement étant pourvu d'au moins une surface d'échange thermique,  a cooling device capable of cooling the air flowing through the compressor, the cooling device being provided with at least one heat exchange surface,
le corps du compresseur comportant une interface de montage du dispositif de refroidissement.  the compressor body having a mounting interface of the cooling device.
De ce fait, grâce à l'intégration mécanique du dispositif de refroidissement au contact du compresseur électrique, au niveau de l'interface de montage, on évite les pertes thermiques tout en améliorant l'action du dispositif de refroidissement.  Therefore, thanks to the mechanical integration of the cooling device in contact with the electric compressor, at the mounting interface, thermal losses are avoided while improving the action of the cooling device.
En outre, le dispositif de refroidissement peut être agencé de sorte que le refroidissement de l'air d'admission augmente la densité de l'air d'admission tout en maintenant la pression de manière à réduire la consommation électrique du compresseur de suralimentation ou, en variante, à puissance électrique constante d'augmenter la densité de l'air.  In addition, the cooling device can be arranged so that the cooling of the intake air increases the density of the intake air while maintaining the pressure so as to reduce the power consumption of the supercharger or, alternatively, at constant electric power to increase the density of the air.
Selon un aspect de l'invention, le dispositif de refroidissement comporte une pluralité de surfaces d'échange thermique, par exemple un bloc de surfaces d'échange thermique.  According to one aspect of the invention, the cooling device comprises a plurality of heat exchange surfaces, for example a block of heat exchange surfaces.
Dans un mode de réalisation de l'invention, l'interface de montage du dispositif de refroidissement est placée au contact de la sortie d'air du compresseur électrique, sur une surface extérieure du corps du compresseur.  In one embodiment of the invention, the mounting interface of the cooling device is placed in contact with the air outlet of the electric compressor, on an outer surface of the compressor body.
Selon un aspect de l'invention, le compresseur comporte une volute présentant une sortie et l'interface de montage est disposée en sortie de cette volute.  According to one aspect of the invention, the compressor comprises a volute having an output and the mounting interface is disposed at the output of this volute.
Selon un aspect de l'invention, le dispositif de refroidissement est majoritairement hors de la volute, notamment totalement hors de la volute. Par exemple le dispositif de refroidissement est disposé dans le prolongement de la volute. According to one aspect of the invention, the cooling device is predominantly out of the volute, especially completely out of the volute. For example, the cooling device is arranged in the extension of the volute.
Selon un autre aspect de l'invention, le bloc de surfaces d'échange thermique intercepte le flux d'air ayant circulé dans le compresseur, en sortie du compresseur.  According to another aspect of the invention, the block of heat exchange surfaces intercepts the flow of air having circulated in the compressor at the outlet of the compressor.
Dans un mode de réalisation particulier de l'invention, le système comprend un boîtier monté sur le corps du compresseur via l'interface de montage, le boîtier et le corps formant un carter du dispositif de refroidissement.  In a particular embodiment of the invention, the system comprises a housing mounted on the compressor body via the mounting interface, the housing and the body forming a housing of the cooling device.
Selon un aspect de l'invention, l'interface de montage est une collerette du corps du compresseur, collerette contre laquelle vient s'appliquer le boîtier pour former le carter du dispositif de refroidissement.  According to one aspect of the invention, the mounting interface is a flange of the compressor body, flange against which is applied the housing to form the housing of the cooling device.
Selon un aspect de l'invention, le carter définit une cavité intérieure dans laquelle est disposée la surface d'échange thermique, ou le cas échéant un groupe de surfaces d'échange thermique, ce groupe étant par exemple un bloc de surfaces d'échange thermique.  According to one aspect of the invention, the housing defines an interior cavity in which the heat exchange surface is disposed, or possibly a group of heat exchange surfaces, this group being for example a block of exchange surfaces. thermal.
De ce fait, le maintien mécanique du dispositif de refroidissement en sortie du compresseur est facilité. En outre, le boîtier permet d'isoler le dispositif de refroidissement par rapport à l'environnement extérieur et ainsi d'assurer au moins en partie l'étanchéité.  As a result, the mechanical holding of the cooling device at the outlet of the compressor is facilitated. In addition, the housing makes it possible to isolate the cooling device with respect to the external environment and thus to ensure at least partly the sealing.
Dans un mode de réalisation particulier de l'invention, le boîtier est au moins partiellement en matière plastique.  In a particular embodiment of the invention, the housing is at least partially made of plastic.
Ainsi, la partie en plastique du boîtier permet d'améliorer encore les propriétés thermiques.  Thus, the plastic part of the housing makes it possible to further improve the thermal properties.
En effet, les propriétés isolantes intrinsèques (conductivité et conduction) du plastique limitent les pertes thermiques avec le milieu ambiant ainsi que la volute métallique du compresseur.  Indeed, the intrinsic insulating properties (conductivity and conduction) of the plastic limit thermal losses with the ambient environment as well as the metal volute of the compressor.
Notamment l'utilisation d'un boîtier plastique permet un découplage thermique entre le compresseur et le dispositif de refroidissement grâce à l'isolation de la surface de contact avec le compresseur via un joint plat d'isolation thermique. Le corps du compresseur est par exemple en aluminium. De ce fait, le boîtier en plastique isole thermiquement le dispositif de refroidissement plus froid que le corps en aluminium du compresseur et que l'environnement sous-capot moteur. In particular, the use of a plastic housing allows thermal decoupling between the compressor and the cooling device by isolating the contact surface with the compressor via a flat thermal insulation seal. The compressor body is for example aluminum. As a result, the plastic housing thermally isolates the cooling device cooler than the aluminum body of the compressor and the under-bonnet environment.
Selon un aspect de l'invention, le boîtier est réalisé d'un seul tenant.  According to one aspect of the invention, the housing is made in one piece.
Le boîtier est par exemple réalisé par moulage.  The housing is for example made by molding.
Selon un aspect de l'invention, le boîtier plastique comprend une lame d'air agencée pour augmenter l'isolation thermique avec le milieu ambiant.  According to one aspect of the invention, the plastic housing comprises an air gap arranged to increase the thermal insulation with the ambient environment.
Selon un mode de réalisation particulier de l'invention, le boîtier est fixé au corps du compresseur de manière détachable, par exemple à l'aide d'organes de fixation fixés sur le corps et/ou le boîtier.  According to a particular embodiment of the invention, the casing is fixed to the body of the compressor in a detachable manner, for example by means of fixing members fixed to the body and / or the casing.
Par exemple, ces organes de fixation peuvent comprendre une ou plusieurs vis coopérant avec des trous formés dans le corps du compresseur.  For example, these fasteners may comprise one or more screws cooperating with holes formed in the body of the compressor.
Selon un autre aspect d'un mode de réalisation de l'invention, le boîtier présente une ouverture apte à laisser passer l'air d'admission.  According to another aspect of an embodiment of the invention, the housing has an opening capable of passing the intake air.
Ainsi, cela permet de faciliter l'intégration du dispositif de refroidissement au contact du compresseur.  Thus, this facilitates the integration of the cooling device in contact with the compressor.
Dans un mode de réalisation particulier de l'invention, le système comprend des moyens d'étanchéité ménagés entre le boîtier et le corps du compresseur, au contact de l'interface de montage.  In a particular embodiment of the invention, the system comprises sealing means provided between the housing and the compressor body, in contact with the mounting interface.
Cela permet d'améliorer l'isolation thermique du système et ainsi le rendement.  This improves the thermal insulation of the system and thus the efficiency.
Par exemple, les moyens d'étanchéité peuvent comprendre un joint d'étanchéité.  For example, the sealing means may comprise a seal.
Dans une variante de l'invention, le boîtier présente une surface extérieure comprenant des nervures de renforcement mécanique.  In a variant of the invention, the housing has an outer surface comprising mechanical reinforcing ribs.
Selon un aspect de l'invention, la sortie du compresseur, notamment de la volute, présente une forme sensiblement rectangulaire. Selon un aspect de l'invention, la collerette qui définit l'interface de montage est également de forme sensiblement rectangulaire. Cette collerette peut comporter une ou plusieurs oreilles avec un trou de passage pour vis. According to one aspect of the invention, the output of the compressor, in particular of the volute, has a substantially rectangular shape. According to one aspect of the invention, the flange which defines the mounting interface is also substantially rectangular in shape. This collar may comprise one or more ears with a screw hole.
Selon un aspect de l'invention, l'interface de montage est sensiblement plane.  According to one aspect of the invention, the mounting interface is substantially flat.
Selon un aspect de l'invention, le boîtier comporte une entaille, notamment latérale, agencée pour permettre le passage d'au moins un connecteur fluidique permettant de faire circuler dans le dispositif de refroidissement du fluide de refroidissement.  According to one aspect of the invention, the housing has a notch, in particular a notch, arranged to allow the passage of at least one fluid connector for circulating in the cooling device of the cooling fluid.
Selon un aspect de l'invention, l'entaille pour le connecteur fluidique est disposé perpendiculairement au sens de l'écoulement de l'air d'admission dans le dispositif de refroidissement.  According to one aspect of the invention, the notch for the fluidic connector is disposed perpendicularly to the direction of flow of the intake air into the cooling device.
Le connecteur fluidique peut comporter une entrée et une sortie pour du fluide de refroidissement.  The fluidic connector may include an inlet and an outlet for cooling fluid.
Selon un aspect de l'invention, chaque connecteur fluidique est connecté à des canaux du dispositif de refroidissement, lesquels canaux sont au contact des surfaces d'échange thermique.  According to one aspect of the invention, each fluidic connector is connected to channels of the cooling device, which channels are in contact with the heat exchange surfaces.
Selon un aspect de l'invention, les surfaces d'échange thermique sont disposées parallèlement entre elles, au moins partiellement.  According to one aspect of the invention, the heat exchange surfaces are arranged parallel to each other, at least partially.
Selon un aspect de l'invention, les surfaces d'échange thermique sont agencées de manière à ce que l'air d'admission qui circule dans ce dispositif de refroidissement passe entre les surfaces d'échange thermique.  According to one aspect of the invention, the heat exchange surfaces are arranged in such a way that the intake air flowing in this cooling device passes between the heat exchange surfaces.
Selon un aspect de l'invention, les surfaces d'échange thermique sont solidaires ensemble de manière à former un bloc de refroidissement disposé dans le carter.  According to one aspect of the invention, the heat exchange surfaces are secured together so as to form a cooling block disposed in the housing.
Selon un aspect de l'invention, ce bloc est au moins partiellement entouré, à l'une de ses extrémités, par le joint d'étanchéité précité. Selon un autre aspect de l'invention, le dispositif de refroidissement est logé au moins partiellement dans le corps de compresseur. According to one aspect of the invention, this block is at least partially surrounded, at one of its ends, by the aforementioned seal. According to another aspect of the invention, the cooling device is housed at least partially in the compressor body.
Selon un autre aspect de l'invention, le bloc de surfaces d'échange thermique est logé majoritairement dans le corps du compresseur.  According to another aspect of the invention, the block of heat exchange surfaces is housed mainly in the compressor body.
Le corps du compresseur correspond notamment à un carter mécanique disposé autour du moteur électrique et de l'arbre d'entraînement associé.  The body of the compressor corresponds in particular to a mechanical casing disposed around the electric motor and the associated drive shaft.
Selon un autre aspect de l'invention, le bloc de surfaces d'échange thermique intercepte le flux d'air circulant dans le compresseur avant que ce flux ne quitte le compresseur.  According to another aspect of the invention, the block of heat exchange surfaces intercepts the flow of air flowing in the compressor before this flow leaves the compressor.
Selon un autre aspect de l'invention, le dispositif de refroidissement s'étend majoritairement, dans la direction radiale, en retrait du rayon maximal du corps de compresseur.  According to another aspect of the invention, the cooling device extends mainly in the radial direction, away from the maximum radius of the compressor body.
Selon un autre aspect de l'invention, le bloc de surfaces d'échange thermique est localisé majoritairement, dans la direction radiale, en retrait du rayon maximal d'une volute du compresseur.  According to another aspect of the invention, the block of heat exchange surfaces is located mainly in the radial direction, set back from the maximum radius of a scroll of the compressor.
Selon un autre aspect de l'invention, le dispositif de refroidissement s'étend entre une partie principale de la volute et une portion d'extrémité qui guide l'air comprimé vers la sortie du compresseur.  According to another aspect of the invention, the cooling device extends between a main part of the volute and an end portion which guides the compressed air towards the outlet of the compressor.
Cette disposition permet de profiter de l'espace radial disponible autour du moteur électrique du compresseur pour placer le dispositif de refroidissement, ce qui permet d'avoir un ensemble compact.  This arrangement makes it possible to take advantage of the available radial space around the electric motor of the compressor to place the cooling device, which makes it possible to have a compact assembly.
Selon un autre aspect de l'invention, la surface d'échange thermique est solidaire d'un support qui est monté sur l'interface de montage du corps de compresseur.  According to another aspect of the invention, the heat exchange surface is secured to a support which is mounted on the mounting interface of the compressor body.
Selon un autre aspect de l'invention, le support comprend une face plane du côté des surfaces d'échange thermique.  According to another aspect of the invention, the support comprises a flat face on the side of the heat exchange surfaces.
Selon un autre aspect de l'invention, le support comporte une plaque. Selon un autre aspect de l'invention, le support est monté sur l'interface de montage à l'aide de vis. According to another aspect of the invention, the support comprises a plate. According to another aspect of the invention, the support is mounted on the mounting interface with screws.
Selon un autre aspect de l'invention, le support comporte des entrée et sortie pour connecter fluidiquement le bloc de surfaces d'échange thermique à une source de fluide de refroidissement.  According to another aspect of the invention, the support comprises inputs and outputs for fluidically connecting the block of heat exchange surfaces to a source of cooling fluid.
Selon un autre aspect de l'invention, un joint d'étanchéité est prévu entre l'interface de montage et le support.  According to another aspect of the invention, a seal is provided between the mounting interface and the support.
Selon un autre aspect de l'invention, ce support ou cette plaque sont réalisé en aluminium.  According to another aspect of the invention, this support or this plate is made of aluminum.
Selon un autre aspect de l'invention, le refroidissement du corps du compresseur peut être assuré par une circulation de fluide de refroidissement au sein d'une double enveloppe faisant office de carter. Un des connecteurs se situe alors sur le carter tandis que le second se situe sur le dispositif de refroidissement. Le liquide de refroidissement peut circuler en série dans le dispositif de refroidissement et le carter du compresseur.  According to another aspect of the invention, the cooling of the compressor body can be ensured by a circulation of cooling fluid in a double casing acting as a housing. One of the connectors is then on the housing while the second is on the cooling device. The coolant can circulate in series in the cooling device and the compressor housing.
Selon un aspect de l'invention, le compresseur électrique de suralimentation (« electric supercharger » en anglais) vient en complément d'un turbocompresseur pour palier son temps de réponse (dû à son inertie et au temps nécessaire pour que les gaz d'échappement aient une énergie suffisante pour l'entraîner). Le compresseur fournit une suralimentation en quelques centaines de millisecondes jusqu'à ce que le turbocompresseur ait une vitesse suffisante pour prendre le relais.  According to one aspect of the invention, the electric supercharger (supercharger) is in addition to a turbocharger to overcome its response time (due to its inertia and the time required for the exhaust gas have sufficient energy to train him). The compressor provides supercharging in a few hundred milliseconds until the turbocharger has sufficient speed to take over.
La vitesse de rotation de ce type de machine électrique peut atteindre 70000 tours/min.  The speed of rotation of this type of electric machine can reach 70000 revolutions / min.
Selon une réalisation, ladite machine électrique tournante présente un temps de réponse de l'ordre de 250ms pour passer de 5000 à 70000 tours/min.  According to one embodiment, said rotating electrical machine has a response time of the order of 250 ms to go from 5000 to 70,000 revolutions / min.
L'invention sera mieux comprise et d'autres détails, caractéristiques et avantages de l'invention apparaîtront plus clairement à la lumière de la description suivante, fournie à titre d'exemple illustratif et non limitatif et en référence aux dessins annexés parmi lesquels : The invention will be better understood and other details, features and advantages of the invention will appear more clearly in the light of the following description, provided by way of illustrative and non-limiting example and with reference to the appended drawings among which:
- la figure 1 est une vue éclatée en perspective d'un premier mode de réalisation de l'invention ;  - Figure 1 is an exploded perspective view of a first embodiment of the invention;
- la figure 1 a illustre un compresseur du système de la figure 1 , FIG. 1a illustrates a compressor of the system of FIG. 1,
- la figure 2 est une vue assemblée en perspective du mode de réalisation de la figure 1 ; FIG. 2 is an assembled perspective view of the embodiment of FIG. 1;
- les figures 3 et 4 sont des vues en perspective d'un deuxième mode de réalisation de l'invention, avant et après montage, FIGS. 3 and 4 are perspective views of a second embodiment of the invention, before and after mounting,
- les figures 5 à 8 représentent un autre exemple de réalisation de l'invention, et FIGS. 5 to 8 show another embodiment of the invention, and
- la figure 9 illustre le domaine de valeurs optimisées pour L et W. On a représenté, en relation avec les figures 1 et 2, un premier mode de réalisation de l'invention d'un système 100 de gestion d'air d'admission d'un moteur thermique de véhicule automobile, qui comprend un compresseur électrique 1 et un dispositif de refroidissement 2.  FIG. 9 illustrates the range of optimized values for L and W. A first embodiment of the invention of an intake air management system 100 is shown in connection with FIGS. 1 and 2. of a motor vehicle engine, which comprises an electric compressor 1 and a cooling device 2.
La figure 1 a montre le compresseur de sur-alimentation électrique 1 comportant une roue 12 munie d'ailettes 13 apte à aspirer, via une entrée 14, de l'air non-comprimé issu d'une source d'air (non représentée) et à refouler de l'air comprimé via la sortie 15 après passage dans une volute 16. La sortie 15 peut être reliée à un répartiteur d'admission (non représenté) situé en amont du moteur à explosions afin d'optimiser le remplissage des cylindres du moteur à combustion. En l'occurrence, l'aspiration de l'air est réalisée suivant une direction axiale, c'est-à-dire suivant l'axe X de la roue 12, et le refoulement est réalisé suivant une direction radiale sensiblement perpendiculaire à l'axe X de la roue 12. L'air pourrait être pré-comprimé sur un turbo mécanique en amont.  FIG. 1a shows the over-power compressor 1 comprising a wheel 12 provided with fins 13 able to suck, via an inlet 14, non-compressed air coming from an air source (not shown) and to discharge compressed air via the outlet 15 after passing through a volute 16. The outlet 15 can be connected to an inlet distributor (not shown) situated upstream of the explosion engine in order to optimize the filling of the cylinders of the combustion engine. In this case, the suction of the air is performed in an axial direction, that is to say along the X axis of the wheel 12, and the discharge is made in a radial direction substantially perpendicular to the X axis of the wheel 12. The air could be pre-compressed on a turbo mechanical upstream.
La roue 12 est entraînée par une machine électrique 17 montée à l'intérieur d'un carter ou corps 18. Cette machine 17 est configurée en moteur. Cette machine électrique 17 comporte un stator 29, qui pourra être polyphasé, entourant un rotor 10 avec présence d'un entrefer. Ce stator 29 est monté dans le corps de compresseur 18. Le rotor 10 est solidaire d'un arbre 19 coopérant avec des roulements 20a et 20b. L'arbre 19 est lié en rotation avec la roue 12 ainsi qu'avec le rotor 10. The wheel 12 is driven by an electric machine 17 mounted inside a housing or body 18. This machine 17 is configured in engine. This electric machine 17 comprises a stator 29, which may be polyphase, surrounding a rotor 10 with the presence of an air gap. This stator 29 is mounted in the compressor body 18. The rotor 10 is integral with a shaft 19 cooperating with bearings 20a and 20b. The shaft 19 is connected in rotation with the wheel 12 as well as with the rotor 10.
Le stator 29 comporte un corps constitué par un empilage de tôles minces formant une couronne, dont la face intérieure est pourvue d'encoches ouvertes vers l'intérieur pour recevoir des enroulements de phase.  The stator 29 comprises a body consisting of a stack of thin sheets forming a ring, whose inner face is provided with notches open inwards to receive phase windings.
Le rotor 10 d'axe de rotation X est par exemple à aimants permanents. Le rotor 10 comporte un corps formé ici par un empilement de tôles.  The rotation axis rotor X is for example permanent magnets. The rotor 10 comprises a body formed here by a stack of sheets.
Une paroi de fond 45 ferme le corps de compresseur 18, sur le côté opposé à la roue 12.  A bottom wall 45 closes the compressor body 18, on the opposite side to the wheel 12.
Le corps 18 comprend à la fois une partie 18a qui entoure le moteur 17 et une partie 18b formant la volute 16. Ces parties 18a et 18b sont des pièces distinctes et assemblés ensemble, notamment à l'aide de vis.  The body 18 comprises both a portion 18a surrounding the motor 17 and a portion 18b forming the volute 16. These parts 18a and 18b are separate parts and assembled together, including using screws.
Le corps 18 définit un compartiment pour recevoir des composants électroniques non représentés.  The body 18 defines a compartment for receiving unrepresented electronic components.
Le corps 18 ou au moins sa partie 18a peut être en aluminium. Toutefois, on peut bien évidemment mettre en œuvre un corps de compresseur fabriqué dans un autre matériau.  The body 18 or at least part 18a may be aluminum. However, it is of course possible to implement a compressor body made of another material.
Le dispositif de refroidissement 2 est apte à refroidir l'air qui circule à travers le compresseur 1 .  The cooling device 2 is able to cool the air flowing through the compressor 1.
Ce dispositif de refroidissement 3 est pourvu d'un groupe de surfaces d'échange thermique 31 ou échangeur 31 . Dans l'exemple illustré, la surface d'échange thermique 31 présente une alternance de paires de plaques, permettant la circulation d'un fluide de refroidissement, et d'intercalaires permettant la circulation de l'air sortant du compresseur 1 . Bien entendu, dans d'autres modes de réalisation, on peut avoir des surfaces d'échange thermique comprenant une alternance de tubes de circulation de fluide et d'ailettes. This cooling device 3 is provided with a group of heat exchange surfaces 31 or exchanger 31. In the illustrated example, the heat exchange surface 31 has an alternation of pairs of plates, allowing the circulation of a cooling fluid, and spacers allowing the circulation of the air leaving the compressor 1. Of course, in other embodiments, there may be heat exchange surfaces comprising an alternation of fluid circulation tubes and fins.
La partie 18a du corps du compresseur 18 comporte une interface de montage 23 du dispositif de refroidissement 2.  The portion 18a of the body of the compressor 18 comprises a mounting interface 23 of the cooling device 2.
L'interface de montage 23 est disposée en sortie 15 de cette volute 16.  The mounting interface 23 is disposed at the outlet 15 of this volute 16.
Le dispositif de refroidissement 2 est entièrement hors de la volute.  The cooling device 2 is entirely out of the volute.
Le dispositif de refroidissement 2 est disposé dans le prolongement de la volute 16.  The cooling device 2 is arranged in the extension of the volute 16.
Les surfaces d'échange thermique 31 interceptent le flux d'air ayant circulé dans le compresseur 1 , en sortie 15 du compresseur.  The heat exchange surfaces 31 intercept the flow of air having circulated in the compressor 1 at the outlet 15 of the compressor.
Le système 100 comprend un boîtier 4 monté sur le corps 18 du compresseur via l'interface de montage 23, le boîtier 4 et le corps 18 formant un carter du dispositif de refroidissement 3.  The system 100 comprises a housing 4 mounted on the body 18 of the compressor via the mounting interface 23, the housing 4 and the body 18 forming a housing of the cooling device 3.
L'interface de montage 23 est une collerette de la partie 18a du corps du compresseur, collerette contre laquelle vient s'appliquer le boîtier 4.  The mounting interface 23 is a flange of the part 18a of the compressor body, flange against which the housing 4 is applied.
Le boîtier 4 est au moins partiellement en matière plastique, réalisé par moulage d'un seul tenant.  The housing 4 is at least partially made of plastic, made by molding in one piece.
La partie du corps 18a du compresseur est par exemple en aluminium.  The body portion 18a of the compressor is for example aluminum.
Le boîtier 4 est fixé au corps 18 du compresseur de manière détachable, par exemple à l'aide de vis 51 fixés sur le corps 18 et le boîtier 4.  The casing 4 is fixed to the body 18 of the compressor in a detachable manner, for example by means of screws 51 fixed to the body 18 and the casing 4.
Le boîtier 4 présente une ouverture 41 apte à laisser passer l'air d'admission.  The housing 4 has an opening 41 able to let the intake air.
Le système peut comprendre un joint d'étanchéité 39 disposé entre le boîtier et le corps du compresseur, au contact de l'interface de montage 23, autour de la bride de montage et sur le pourtour gauche du faisceau ou bloc de surfaces d'échange thermique. The system may comprise a seal 39 disposed between the housing and the compressor body, in contact with the interface of mounting 23, around the mounting flange and on the left periphery of the beam or block of heat exchange surfaces.
Le boîtier 4 présente une surface extérieure comprenant des nervures 42 de renforcement mécanique. Les nervures 42 permettent au boîtier 4 d'avoir une meilleure résistance mécanique, par exemple aux déformations thermiques.  The housing 4 has an outer surface comprising ribs 42 of mechanical reinforcement. The ribs 42 allow the casing 4 to have better mechanical strength, for example thermal deformations.
La sortie 15 du compresseur présente une forme sensiblement rectangulaire et la collerette 23 qui définit l'interface de montage est également de forme sensiblement rectangulaire. Cette collerette 23 peut comporter une ou plusieurs oreilles 52 avec un trou de passage pour vis.  The outlet 15 of the compressor has a substantially rectangular shape and the flange 23 which defines the mounting interface is also substantially rectangular in shape. This flange 23 may comprise one or more ears 52 with a screw hole.
Au lieu de rectangulaire, la sortie 15 peut avoir une forme circulaire, ovale, carrée, ou polygonale en général.  Instead of rectangular, the outlet 15 may have a circular, oval, square, or polygonal shape in general.
L'interface de montage 23 est sensiblement plane.  The mounting interface 23 is substantially planar.
Le boîtier 4 comporte une entaille 44 latérale, agencée pour permettre le passage d'un connecteur fluidique 45 permettant de faire circuler dans le dispositif de refroidissement du fluide de refroidissement.  The housing 4 has a lateral cut 44, arranged to allow the passage of a fluid connector 45 for circulating in the cooling device of the cooling fluid.
L'entaille 44 pour le connecteur fluidique est disposé perpendiculaire au sens de l'écoulement de l'air d'admission dans le dispositif de refroidissement.  The notch 44 for the fluidic connector is disposed perpendicular to the flow direction of the intake air in the cooling device.
Le connecteur fluidique 45 comporte des entrée et sortie 31 1 et The fluidic connector 45 has inlets and outlets 31 1 and
312 pour du fluide de refroidissement. 312 for cooling fluid.
Ce connecteur fluidique 45 est connecté à des canaux du dispositif de refroidissement, lesquels canaux sont au contact des surfaces d'échange thermique.  This fluid connector 45 is connected to channels of the cooling device, which channels are in contact with the heat exchange surfaces.
Les surfaces d'échange thermique 31 sont agencées de manière à ce que l'air d'admission qui circule dans ce dispositif de refroidissement passe entre les surfaces d'échange thermique.  The heat exchange surfaces 31 are arranged in such a way that the intake air circulating in this cooling device passes between the heat exchange surfaces.
Dans l'exemple illustré, le dispositif de refroidissement 3 est placé de telle sorte que le flux d'air sortant du compresseur électrique arrive perpendiculairement à une direction longitudinale du dispositif formée par l'alignement des paires de plaques. En d'autres termes, le dispositif de refroidissement 3 est placé de telle sorte que le flux d'air d'admission sortant du compresseur puisse traverser les intercalaires et être refroidi par du fluide réfrigérant circulant dans les paires de plaques. In the illustrated example, the cooling device 3 is placed in such a way that the air flow coming out of the electric compressor arrives perpendicular to a longitudinal direction of the device formed by the alignment of the pairs of plates. In other words, the cooling device 3 is placed in such a way that the flow of intake air leaving the compressor can pass through the spacers and be cooled by refrigerant circulating in the pairs of plates.
On pourrait bien évidemment prévoir d'autres moyens de fixation du boîtier 4 au corps 18 du compresseur 2, tel que des systèmes crochets/encoches, un collage, ou des moyens de fixation non amovibles.  It could obviously provide other means for fixing the housing 4 to the body 18 of the compressor 2, such as hook / slot systems, gluing, or non-removable fastening means.
L'ouverture 41 présente, dans l'exemple illustré, une section sensiblement circulaire ménagée à l'extrémité d'une tubulure de forme cylindrique 410.  The opening 41 has, in the illustrated example, a substantially circular section formed at the end of a cylindrical tube 410.
On présente maintenant, en relation avec les figures 3 et 4, un autre mode de réalisation de l'invention du système 100'. We now present, in connection with Figures 3 and 4, another embodiment of the invention of the system 100 '.
Dans cet exemple, le compresseur électrique 1 ' comprend un corps 18' qui présente une entrée d'air 14 et une sortie d'air 15. Le corps 18', comme le corps 18, comporte des parties 18a' et 18b'.  In this example, the electric compressor 1 'comprises a body 18' which has an air inlet 14 and an air outlet 15. The body 18 ', like the body 18, has portions 18a' and 18b '.
La partie du corps 18a' peut par exemple être en aluminium.  The body portion 18a 'may for example be aluminum.
Le système 100' comporte un dispositif de refroidissement 50 logé partiellement dans le corps 18' de compresseur.  The system 100 'comprises a cooling device 50 partially housed in the body 18' of the compressor.
Ce dispositif de refroidissement 50 est pourvu d'une surface d'échange thermique 31 ' ou échangeur 31 '. Dans l'exemple illustré, la surface d'échange thermique 31 ' présente une alternance de paires de plaques, permettant la circulation d'un fluide de refroidissement, et d'intercalaires permettant la circulation de l'air sortant du compresseur 1 '.  This cooling device 50 is provided with a heat exchange surface 31 'or exchanger 31'. In the illustrated example, the heat exchange surface 31 'has an alternation of pairs of plates, allowing the circulation of a cooling fluid, and spacers allowing the circulation of the air leaving the compressor 1'.
Toutefois, dans d'autres modes de réalisation, on pourrait imaginer une surface d'échange thermique 31 ' comprenant une alternance de tubes de circulation de fluide et d'ailettes.  However, in other embodiments, one could imagine a heat exchange surface 31 'comprising an alternation of fluid circulation tubes and fins.
Cette surface d'échange 31 ' présente également un support 55 portant une entrée 31 1 ' de fluide et une sortie 312' de fluide placées dans la continuité de l'empilement de paires de plaques. Le corps 18' du compresseur 1 ' comporte une interface 23' de montage du dispositif de refroidissement 50. This exchange surface 31 'also has a support 55 carrying an inlet 31 1' of fluid and an outlet 312 'of fluid placed in the continuity of the stack of pairs of plates. The body 18 'of the compressor 1' has an interface 23 'for mounting the cooling device 50.
Les surfaces d'échange thermique sont logées majoritairement dans le corps 18' du compresseur.  The heat exchange surfaces are housed mainly in the body 18 'of the compressor.
Les surfaces d'échange thermique 31 ' interceptent le flux d'air circulant dans le compresseur avant que ce flux ne quitte le compresseur 1 '.  The heat exchange surfaces 31 'intercept the flow of air flowing in the compressor before this flow leaves the compressor 1'.
Le dispositif de refroidissement 50 s'étend majoritairement, dans la direction radiale, en retrait du rayon maximal du corps 18' de compresseur.  The cooling device 50 extends predominantly, in the radial direction, away from the maximum radius of the compressor body 18 '.
Les surfaces d'échange thermique sont localisées majoritairement, dans la direction radiale, en retrait du rayon maximal de la volute 16 du compresseur.  The heat exchange surfaces are located mainly in the radial direction, set back from the maximum radius of the volute 16 of the compressor.
Le dispositif de refroidissement 50 s'étend entre une partie principale 58 de la volute et une portion d'extrémité 59 qui guide l'air comprimé vers la sortie du compresseur.  The cooling device 50 extends between a main part 58 of the volute and an end portion 59 which guides the compressed air towards the outlet of the compressor.
Le surface d'échange thermique31 ' est solidaire d'un support 55 qui est monté sur l'interface de montage 23' du corps de compresseur.  The heat exchange surface 31 'is secured to a support 55 which is mounted on the mounting interface 23' of the compressor body.
Le support 55 comprend une face plane du côté des surfaces d'échange thermique, et comporte une plaque.  The support 55 comprises a flat face on the side of the heat exchange surfaces, and comprises a plate.
Le support 55 est monté sur l'interface de montage à l'aide de vis 51 ou tout autre système de fixation.  The support 55 is mounted on the mounting interface with screws 51 or any other fastening system.
Le support 55 comporte des entrée et sortie 31 1 et 312 pour connecter fluidiquement le bloc de surfaces d'échange thermique à une source de fluide de refroidissement.  The support 55 has inlets and outlets 31 1 and 312 for fluidically connecting the block of heat exchange surfaces to a source of cooling fluid.
Un joint d'étanchéité 66 de pourtour extérieur rectangulaire est prévu entre l'interface de montage 23' et le support 55.  A rectangular outside perimeter seal 66 is provided between the mounting interface 23 'and the support 55.
La plaque 55 est réalisée en aluminium.  The plate 55 is made of aluminum.
Le dispositif de refroidissement 2 ;50 est disposé dans un circuit de climatisation du véhicule, notamment entre un détendeur et un évaporateur de ce circuit de climatisation. Le dispositif de refroidissement est avantageusement placé à un emplacement froid du circuit de climatisation, juste après le détendeur dans une partie basse pression du circuit de climatisation. Le changement de phase dans une partie basse pression de la climatisation maximise le potentiel d'échange thermique. The cooling device 2; 50 is disposed in an air conditioning circuit of the vehicle, in particular between a pressure reducer and an evaporator of this air conditioning circuit. The cooling device is advantageously placed at a cold location of the air conditioning circuit, just after the expander in a low pressure part of the air conditioning circuit. The phase change in a low pressure part of the air conditioning maximizes the heat exchange potential.
Ceci permet d'avoir un dispositif de refroidissement le plus compact possible pour une capacité de refroidissement satisfaisante, facilitant son intégration avec le compresseur de suralimentation électrique. De plus le fait que le dispositif de refroidissement est en amont de l'évaporateur assure un flux de réfrigérant préétabli qui favorise la dynamique du système pour le transitoire.  This makes it possible to have the most compact cooling device possible for a satisfactory cooling capacity, facilitating its integration with the electric supercharger. In addition, the fact that the cooling device is upstream of the evaporator ensures a pre-established refrigerant flow which promotes the dynamics of the system for the transient.
Selon une autre variante de l'invention, le dispositif de refroidissement est placé fluidiquement sur une ligne haute pression pour limiter l'impact sur la climatisation.  According to another variant of the invention, the cooling device is placed fluidly on a high pressure line to limit the impact on the air conditioning.
La phase transitoire de fonctionnement peut être par exemple une phase d'accélération du véhicule ou une reprise à bas régime moteur.  The transient phase of operation can be for example a vehicle acceleration phase or a low engine reversion.
On va maintenant décrire un autre exemple de réalisation de l'invention, en référence aux figures 5 à 9. Another embodiment of the invention will now be described with reference to FIGS. 5 to 9.
Le dispositif de refroidissement 1 10 est pourvu d'un échangeur thermique 1 1 1 formant un empilement alterné de tubes 1 12 (voir figure 8) à travers lesquels peut circuler un fluide de refroidissement et d'ailettes 1 13 (voir figure 8) au contact desquelles l'air est refroidi, système dans lequel un critère de dimensionnement de l'échangeur Cr est défini de la manière suivante :  The cooling device 1 10 is provided with a heat exchanger 1 1 1 forming an alternating stack of tubes 1 12 (see Figure 8) through which can circulate a cooling fluid and fins 1 13 (see Figure 8) to whose air is cooled, a system in which a criterion for dimensioning the exchanger Cr is defined as follows:
Cr= DG*(Tair_target/Tair_out)*(1 /Volume) Cr = DG * (Tair_target / Tair_out) * (1 / Volume)
où  or
DG est le gain en densité qui relie l'efficacité thermique et la chute de pression  DG is the density gain that relates thermal efficiency and pressure drop
Tair_target est la température de l'air visée en sortie de compresseur Tair_out est la température réelle de l'air en sortie de compresseur les valeurs L et W étant contenues, afin d'avoir le critère Cr maximal avec une tolérance de 5%, dans le domaine délimité par les droites suivantes : Tair_target is the target air temperature at the compressor output Tair_out is the actual air temperature at the compressor outlet, the L and W values being contained, in order to have the maximum Cr criterion with a tolerance of 5%, in the range delimited by the following lines:
W=-0.73L+128  W = -0.73L + 128
W=-0.25L+55  W = -0.25L + 55
pour L allant de 20mm à 100 mm  for L ranging from 20mm to 100mm
la valeur L étant la longueur de l'échangeur prise parallèlement à la direction de circulation de l'air à refroidir (voir figures 6 et 7)  the value L being the length of the exchanger taken parallel to the direction of circulation of the air to be cooled (see FIGS. 6 and 7)
la valeur W étant la largeur de l'échangeur prise perpendiculairement à L (voir figures 6 et 7).  the value W being the width of the exchanger taken perpendicularly to L (see FIGS. 6 and 7).
Une valeur de hauteur H est également illustrée sur la figure 7, cette hauteur H mesurant une dimension dans le sens de l'empilement.  A height value H is also illustrated in FIG. 7, this height H measuring one dimension in the direction of the stack.
Le domaine de Cr, en valeurs maximales à 5% près, compris entre les droites :  The Cr domain, in maximum values within 5%, between the lines:
W=-0.73L+128 (courbe C1 )  W = -0.73L + 128 (curve C1)
W=-0.25L+55 (courbe C2)  W = -0.25L + 55 (curve C2)
est illustré sur la figure 9.  is shown in Figure 9.
Les points de forme carrée sur la figure 9 correspondent à un pas de tube de 6.9 mm. The square-shaped dots in Figure 9 correspond to a tube pitch of 6.9 mm.
Les points de forme losange sur la figure 9 correspondent à un pas de tube de 5.9 mm.  The diamond-shaped dots in FIG. 9 correspond to a tube pitch of 5.9 mm.
Le dispositif de refroidissement 1 10 comporte une enveloppe 1 15 dans laquelle est logé l'échangeur 1 1 1 , cette enveloppe 1 15 étant pourvue d'une entrée d'air 1 16 se connectant fluidiquement à la sortie du compresseur électrique 1 pour permettre la circulation de l'air du compresseur vers l'échangeur thermique. L'entrée 1 16 présente une portion 1 18 de forme sensiblement divergente en direction de l'échangeur, comme on peut le voir sur les figures 5 et 6. The cooling device 1 10 comprises a casing 1 15 in which the exchanger 1 1 1 is housed, this casing 1 15 being provided with an air inlet 1 16 that fluidly connects to the outlet of the electric compressor 1 to enable the flow of air from the compressor to the heat exchanger. The inlet 1 16 has a portion 1 18 of substantially divergent shape towards the exchanger, as can be seen in Figures 5 and 6.
L'enveloppe 1 15 comporte une sortie 1 19 ayant une portion 120 de forme convergente suivant la direction de circulation de l'air.  The casing 1 has an outlet January 19 having a portion 120 of convergent shape in the direction of air flow.
Les entrée 1 16 et sortie 1 19 comportent chacune une portion cylindrique 121 , en plus des portions convergente 1 18 et divergente 120.  The inputs 1 16 and 1 19 output each comprise a cylindrical portion 121, in addition to convergent portions 1 18 and divergent 120.
Les portions cylindriques 121 sont coaxiales d'axe X1 . The cylindrical portions 121 are coaxial with axis X1.
L'échangeur 1 1 1 dans l'enveloppe 1 15 est disposé entre la portion divergente 1 18 et la portion convergente 120. The exchanger 1 1 1 in the casing 1 15 is disposed between the diverging portion 1 18 and the convergent portion 120.
Le dispositif de refroidissement 1 10 comporte un connecteur fluidique 45 pour la circulation de fluide de refroidissement, ce connecteur fluidique 45 s'étendant perpendiculairement à la direction X1 de circulation de l'air à refroidir.  The cooling device 1 comprises a fluidic connector 45 for the circulation of cooling fluid, this fluid connector 45 extending perpendicularly to the direction X1 of circulation of the air to be cooled.
Les tubes 1 12 sont formés entre des plaques et comportent si on le souhaite des perturbateurs lisses.  The tubes January 12 are formed between plates and comprise if desired smooth disruptors.
Ces tubes 1 12 sont agencés pour permettre une circulation en au moins deux passes de préférence méthodiques du côté du fluide réfrigérant afin d'améliorer le transfert thermique tout en limitant la chute de pression du côté du fluide réfrigérant.  These tubes January 12 are arranged to allow circulation in at least two preferably methodical passes on the refrigerant side to improve the heat transfer while limiting the pressure drop on the refrigerant side.
La section transversale de l'échangeur thermique 1 1 1 atteint de préférence la section transversale de sortie du compresseur électrique à plus ou moins 15%.  The cross section of the heat exchanger 1 1 1 preferably reaches the output cross section of the electric compressor to plus or minus 15%.
Le tableau ci-dessous donne deux exemples de réalisation de l'invention de l'échangeur. Hauteur Nombre Nombre Longueur Largeur Hauteur des d'ailettes de (mm) (mm) (mm) ailettes passes The table below gives two examples of embodiment of the invention of the exchanger. Height Number Number Length Width Height of fin (mm) (mm) (mm) finned
(mm) du  (mm)
réfrigérant  refrigerant
Mise en 5,4 8 2 38 62 53,8 œuvre 1  Mise en 5,4 8 2 38 62 53,8 artwork 1
Mise en 4,2 9 2 38 62 55 œuvre 2  Mise en 4,2 9 2 38 62 55 work 2
Bien entendu, l'échangeur 31 ' illustré sur la figure 3 peut également être dimensionné avec les valeurs dans le domaine décrit en référence à la figure 9. Of course, the exchanger 31 'illustrated in FIG. 3 can also be dimensioned with the values in the range described with reference to FIG. 9.

Claims

REVENDICATIONS
Système de gestion d'air d'admission pour un moteur thermique de véhicule automobile, le système comprenant : An intake air management system for a motor vehicle engine, the system comprising:
- un compresseur électrique apte à comprimer l'air d'admission destiné au moteur thermique, le compresseur comportant un corps présentant une entrée d'air et une sortie d'air, an electric compressor capable of compressing the intake air intended for the heat engine, the compressor comprising a body having an air inlet and an air outlet,
- un dispositif de refroidissement (1 10) apte à refroidir l'air qui circule à travers le compresseur, le dispositif de refroidissement étant pourvu d'un échangeur thermique (1 1 1 ) formant un empilement alterné de tubes (1 12) à travers lesquels peut circuler un fluide de refroidissement et d'ailettes au contact desquelles l'air est refroidi, système dans lequel un critère de dimensionnement de l'échangeur Cr est défini de la manière suivante : - A cooling device (1 10) able to cool the air flowing through the compressor, the cooling device being provided with a heat exchanger (1 1 1) forming an alternating stack of tubes (1 12) through which can circulate a cooling fluid and fins in contact with which the air is cooled, in which system a dimensioning criterion of the exchanger Cr is defined as follows:
Cr= DG*(Tair_target/Tair_out)*(1 /Volume) Cr = DG * (Tair_target / Tair_out) * (1 / Volume)
où  or
DG est le gain en densité qui relie l'efficacité thermique et la chute de pression  DG is the density gain that relates thermal efficiency and pressure drop
Tair_target est la température de l'air visée en sortie de compresseur  Tair_target is the target air temperature at the compressor output
Tair_out est la température réelle de l'air en sortie de compresseur caractérisé en ce que les valeurs L et W sont contenues, afin d'avoir le critère Cr maximal avec une tolérance de 5%, dans le domaine délimité par les droites suivantes :  Tair_out is the actual air temperature at the compressor outlet, characterized in that the L and W values are contained, in order to have the Cr maximum criterion with a tolerance of 5%, in the range delimited by the following lines:
W=-0.73L+128  W = -0.73L + 128
W=-0.25L+55  W = -0.25L + 55
pour L allant de 20mm à 100 mm  for L ranging from 20mm to 100mm
la valeur L étant la longueur de l'échangeur prise parallèlement à la direction de circulation de l'air à refroidir la valeur W étant la largeur de l'échangeur prise perpendiculairement à L. the value L being the length of the exchanger taken parallel to the direction of circulation of the air to be cooled the value W being the width of the exchanger taken perpendicular to L.
2. Système selon la revendication précédente, la hauteur de chaque tube étant comprise entre 1 mm et 2.5 mm. 2. System according to the preceding claim, the height of each tube being between 1 mm and 2.5 mm.
3. Système selon la revendication précédente, chaque ailette présentant une hauteur comprise entre 4 mm et 6 mm. 3. System according to the preceding claim, each fin having a height of between 4 mm and 6 mm.
4. Système selon l'une des revendications précédentes, le dispositif de refroidissement comportant une enveloppe (1 15) dans laquelle est logé l'échangeur (1 1 1 ), cette enveloppe étant pourvue d'une entrée d'air (1 16) se connectant fluidiquement à la sortie du compresseur électrique pour permettre la circulation de l'air du compresseur vers l'échangeur thermique. 4. System according to one of the preceding claims, the cooling device comprising a casing (1 15) in which is housed the exchanger (1 1 1), this casing being provided with an air inlet (1 16). connecting fluidically to the output of the electric compressor to allow the flow of air from the compressor to the heat exchanger.
5. Système selon la revendication précédente, l'entrée présentant une portion de forme sensiblement divergente en direction de l'échangeur. 5. System according to the preceding claim, the inlet having a portion of substantially divergent shape towards the exchanger.
6. Système selon la revendication 4 ou 5, l'enveloppe comportant une sortie (1 19) ayant une portion de forme convergente suivant la direction de circulation de l'air. 6. System according to claim 4 or 5, the casing having an outlet (1 19) having a portion of convergent shape in the direction of flow of air.
7. Système selon l'une des revendications précédentes, le dispositif de refroidissement comportant un connecteur fluidique (45) pour la circulation de fluide de refroidissement, ce connecteur fluidique s'étendant perpendiculairement à a direction de circulation de l'air à refroidir. 7. System according to one of the preceding claims, the cooling device comprising a fluid connector (45) for the circulation of cooling fluid, said fluid connector extending perpendicular to a direction of circulation of the air to be cooled.
8. Système selon l'une des revendications précédentes, les tubes (1 12) étant agencés pour permettre une circulation en au moins deux passes méthodiques du côté du fluide réfrigérant afin d'améliorer le transfert thermique tout en limitant la chute de pression du côté du fluide réfrigérant. 8. System according to one of the preceding claims, the tubes (1 12) being arranged to allow circulation in at least two methodical passes on the side of the coolant to improve the transfer while limiting the pressure drop on the coolant side.
9. Système selon l'une des revendications précédentes, la section transversale de l'échangeur thermique atteint la section transversale de sortie du compresseur électrique à plus ou moins 15%. 9. System according to one of the preceding claims, the cross section of the heat exchanger reaches the output cross section of the electric compressor to plus or minus 15%.
10. Dispositif de refroidissement (1 10) apte à refroidir l'air qui circule à travers le compresseur, le dispositif de refroidissement étant pourvu d'un échangeur thermique (1 1 1 ) formant un empilement alterné de tubes (1 12) à travers lesquels peut circuler un fluide de refroidissement et d'ailettes au contact desquelles l'air est refroidi, dispositif dans lequel un critère de dimensionnement de l'échangeur Cr est défini de la manière suivante : Cooling device (1 10) adapted to cool the air circulating through the compressor, the cooling device being provided with a heat exchanger (1 1 1) forming an alternating stack of tubes (1 12) through which can circulate a cooling fluid and fins in contact with which the air is cooled, in which device a criterion for dimensioning the exchanger Cr is defined as follows:
Cr= DG*(Tair_target/Tair_out)*(1 /Volume) Cr = DG * (Tair_target / Tair_out) * (1 / Volume)
où  or
DG est le gain en densité qui relie l'efficacité thermique et la chute de pression  DG is the density gain that relates thermal efficiency and pressure drop
Tair_target est la température de l'air visée en sortie de compresseur  Tair_target is the target air temperature at the compressor output
Tair_out est la température réelle de l'air en sortie de compresseur caractérisé en ce que les valeurs L et W sont contenues, afin d'avoir le critère Cr maximal avec une tolérance de 5%, dans le domaine délimité par les droites suivantes :  Tair_out is the actual air temperature at the compressor outlet, characterized in that the L and W values are contained, in order to have the Cr maximum criterion with a tolerance of 5%, in the range delimited by the following lines:
W=-0.73L+128  W = -0.73L + 128
W=-0.25L+55  W = -0.25L + 55
pour L allant de 20mm à 100 mm  for L ranging from 20mm to 100mm
la valeur L étant la longueur de l'échangeur prise parallèlement à la direction de circulation de l'air à refroidir  the value L being the length of the exchanger taken parallel to the direction of circulation of the air to be cooled
la valeur W étant la largeur de l'échangeur prise perpendiculairement à L.  the value W being the width of the exchanger taken perpendicular to L.
PCT/FR2017/052620 2016-09-30 2017-09-27 Intake air management system for a motor vehicle heat engine WO2018060615A1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR1659415 2016-09-30
FR1659415A FR3057033B1 (en) 2016-09-30 2016-09-30 INTAKE AIR MANAGEMENT SYSTEM FOR A MOTOR VEHICLE IC ENGINE

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DE102021106687A1 (en) * 2021-03-18 2022-09-22 Cellcentric Gmbh & Co. Kg AIR COMPRESSION SYSTEM, FUEL CELL SYSTEM AND VEHICLE

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FR3057033B1 (en) 2020-07-24

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