WO2018054131A1

WO2018054131A1 - Forest monitoring system and monitoring method

Info

Publication number: WO2018054131A1
Application number: PCT/CN2017/091955
Authority: WO
Inventors: 刘若鹏; 栾琳; 周文龙; 周飞; 姚晓晖; 卢江煌
Original assignee: 东莞前沿技术研究院; 深圳光启空间技术有限公司
Priority date: 2016-09-20
Filing date: 2017-07-06
Publication date: 2018-03-29
Also published as: CN107843282A

Abstract

Provided are a forest monitoring system and a monitoring method. The system comprises: a floating resident platform (1) located in a stratosphere over a target monitoring area in a to-be-monitored forest; a monitoring device (2) disposed on the floating resident platform (1) for monitoring the target monitoring area in the forest according to a received monitoring instruction, so as to obtain monitoring data; and a ground device (3), for establishing a communication relationship with the monitoring device (2), sending the monitoring instruction to the monitoring device (2) according to a predetermined monitoring task, and analyzing monitoring data returned by the monitoring device (2) to obtain target data of the target monitoring area in the forest; the target monitoring area is monitored in the forest by setting the monitoring device (2) on the floating resident platform (1), analyzing the monitoring data with the help of the ground device (3), thereby realizing the efficient and accurate monitoring of the forest and solving the problem of lower efficiency when measuring large area of forest in the prior art.

Description

Forest monitoring system and monitoring method

[0001] The present invention relates to the field of monitoring technology, and in particular to a forest monitoring system and a monitoring method.

Background technique

[0002] Forest is one of the most important ecosystems in the Earth's biosphere. It has many ecological functions such as carbon fixation and oxygen release, biological control, water conservation and soil conservation. It is one of the most important components of the Earth's biosphere.

. In order to accurately and accurately grasp forest resource information and efficiently manage forest resources, a large number of forest resource monitoring work has been carried out at home and abroad. The monitoring objects of forests mainly include forest area, tree type, tree height, breast diameter, etc. The monitoring of forest area can obtain more accurate estimation using satellite data, while the factors such as tree height and DBH can only be detected by manual monitoring or laser remote sensing. get on.

technical problem

[0003] At present, relying on traditional artificial forest monitoring methods requires staff to conduct sampling and monitoring statistics throughout the forest, which is not only inefficient, it consumes a lot of manpower and daytime costs, but also has access to large areas of unexploded forests. Certainly dangerous; relying on the airborne laser monitoring method, because of the inability to make fixed-point measurements, in order to achieve large-area forest measurements, it is necessary to travel multiple times, and requires professional venues, pilots, and even need to apply for routes, etc., which is not only costly, Moreover, it is troublesome to operate; relying on satellite remote sensing monitoring methods, limited to satellite remote sensing targets are global data, so there is a problem of low monitoring resolution and can only measure forest area; relying on the publicly known laser panorama called "Measurement of Forest Accumulation Parameters" A scanning device "a device for measuring forests by using a lidar scan, because the application scenario is a ground platform and each measurement can be fixed at only one place, so there is a problem of low efficiency in performing large-area forest measurement. In summary, in the full and unified consideration of the monitoring cycle, monitoring scope, monitoring accuracy, monitoring efficiency and the achievability of monitoring work, any monitoring method using forest as the monitoring object exists in the prior art. Defects in technical coverage. In view of the technical problems in the prior art that the large-area forest measurement is inefficient, no effective solution has been proposed yet.

Problem solution

Technical solution [0004] The main object of the present invention is to provide a forest monitoring system and a monitoring method to solve the problem of low efficiency in performing large-area forest measurement in the prior art.

In order to achieve the above object, according to an aspect of an embodiment of the present invention, a forest monitoring system is provided, and a forest monitoring system according to the present invention includes: a floating parking platform, wherein the floating parking platform is located In the stratosphere above the target monitoring area in the monitored forest; a monitoring device, disposed on the floating platform, for monitoring the target monitoring area in the forest according to the received monitoring instruction, and obtaining monitoring data; And a ground device, establishing a communication relationship with the monitoring device, for transmitting the monitoring instruction to the monitoring device according to a predetermined monitoring task, and performing data analysis on the monitoring data returned by the monitoring device to obtain a target monitoring area in the forest Target data

[0006] Optionally, the monitoring device includes: a controller, configured to acquire monitoring information in the monitoring instruction, monitoring angle information, a target monitoring area, and a predetermined monitoring track; and a turntable connected to the controller, Adjusting an angle of the laser emitting head of the laser according to the monitoring angle information and the predetermined monitoring trajectory, so that the laser is directed to all target monitoring points on the predetermined monitoring trajectory; the laser is respectively connected to the controller and the turret, and is used for And transmitting a first laser monitoring signal to each of the target monitoring points according to the monitoring information in the above-mentioned monitoring, and receiving a second laser monitoring signal obtained by reflecting the first laser monitoring signal in the target monitoring area in the forest; the controller is further used for Transmitting the above monitoring data formed by encoding the second laser monitoring signal to the ground device

[0007] Optionally, the monitoring device further includes: a signal processor, connected to the laser, configured to perform at least one of the following processing on the received second laser monitoring signal, to obtain a processed second The laser monitoring signal, the processing includes: narrowband filtering, photoelectric conversion, and pre-processing; the controller includes: an encoding unit, configured to encode the processed second laser monitoring signal to obtain encoded data, and set the foregoing for the encoded data. Monitoring the diurnal information, the three-dimensional position coordinates of the floating dwelling platform, and the system, obtaining the processed encoded data, and encapsulating the processed encoded data and the first laser monitoring signal to obtain the monitoring data.

[0008] Optionally, the monitoring device further includes: a global positioning system GPS device, connected to the controller, configured to acquire a three-dimensional position coordinate of the floating resident platform, and a system for calibrating the controller, And transmitting the above three-dimensional position coordinates to the above controller.

[0009] Optionally, the monitoring device further includes: a communication antenna connected to the controller, wherein the controller receives the monitoring command sent by the ground device through the communication antenna, and sends the monitoring data to the communication antenna through the communication antenna The above ground device.

[0010] Optionally, the laser includes: a laser generating unit configured to generate the first laser monitoring signal; the laser emitting head is coupled to the laser generating unit for transmitting the first laser monitoring signal; and the reflective telescope And receiving the second laser monitoring signal reflected by the target monitoring area in the forest.

[0011] Optionally, the ground device includes: a data analysis device, configured to calculate leaf canopy and breast diameter information of the target monitoring area in the forest according to a signal strength of a second laser monitoring signal received at different inter-nodes; The data analyzing device is further configured to obtain leaf type information of the target monitoring area in the forest according to the echo intensity integral of the second laser monitoring signal; and the floating resident according to the three-dimensional position coordinate of the floating resident platform. The deflection posture of the platform, the monitoring information and the second laser monitoring signal obtain the ground position corresponding to the forest data of the target monitoring area in the forest, wherein the target data includes forest data, and the forest data includes the leaf canopy The ground position corresponding to the breast diameter information, the leaf type information described above, and the forest data described above.

[0012] In order to achieve the above object, according to another aspect of an embodiment of the present invention, a method of forest monitoring using the above forest monitoring system is provided. The monitoring method of the forest according to the present invention comprises: monitoring the target monitoring area in the forest according to the monitoring instruction, and obtaining monitoring data; and performing data analysis on the monitoring data to obtain target data of the target monitoring area in the forest.

[0013] Optionally, monitoring the target monitoring area in the forest according to the monitoring instruction, and obtaining monitoring data, including: acquiring monitoring daytime information, monitoring angle information, target monitoring area, and predetermined monitoring track in the above monitoring instruction; The monitoring angle information and the predetermined monitoring trajectory adjust an angle of a laser emitting head of the laser to direct the laser to all target monitoring points on the predetermined monitoring trajectory; and transmit the first laser to each of the target monitoring points according to the monitoring information Monitoring the signal, and receiving the second laser monitoring signal obtained by reflecting the first laser monitoring signal in the target monitoring area in the forest; and transmitting the monitoring data formed by encoding the second laser monitoring signal to the ground device. [0014] Optionally, after receiving the second laser monitoring signal obtained by reflecting the first laser monitoring signal in the target monitoring area in the forest, the method further includes: performing the second laser monitoring signal received At least one of the processing, obtaining the processed second laser monitoring signal, the processing comprising: narrowband filtering, photoelectric conversion, and pre-processing; transmitting the monitoring data formed by encoding the second laser monitoring signal to the ground The device comprises: encoding the processed second laser monitoring signal to obtain encoded data; setting the monitoring day information, the three-dimensional position coordinate of the floating resident platform, and the processed code after the system is processed for the encoded data. Data; encapsulating the processed encoded data and the first laser monitoring signal to obtain the monitoring data.

[0015] Optionally, performing data analysis on the monitoring data to obtain target data of the target monitoring area in the forest includes: calculating the foregoing in the forest according to a signal strength of a second laser monitoring signal received at different inter-nodes Leaf canopy and DBH information of the target monitoring area; obtaining leaf type information of the target monitoring area in the forest according to the echo intensity integral of the second laser monitoring signal; and according to the three-dimensional position coordinates of the floating platform The deflection posture of the floating parking platform, the monitoring information and the second laser monitoring signal obtain the ground position corresponding to the forest data of the target monitoring area in the forest, wherein the target data includes forest data, and the forest data includes The leaf canopy and breast diameter information, the leaf type information, and the ground position corresponding to the forest data.

Advantageous effects of the invention

Beneficial effect

[0016] A forest monitoring system and a monitoring method according to an embodiment of the present invention adopts the stability of a floating dwelling platform and the characteristics of long-term fixed-point dwelling, by setting a monitoring device on a floating-resident platform to target in the forest The monitoring area is monitored, and the ground unit is used to analyze the monitoring data to obtain the target data of the target monitoring area in the forest, thereby realizing efficient and accurate monitoring of the forest and solving the large-scale forest measurement in the prior art. There are technical problems with low efficiency, realizing long-term fixed-point residence at a fixed height in space to achieve a wide range of accurate monitoring of forests, and thus achieving the technical effect of fine-grained management and scientific utilization of forests.

Brief description of the drawing

DRAWINGS The accompanying drawings, which are incorporated in FIG. In the drawing:

1 is a schematic structural diagram of an optional forest monitoring system according to an embodiment of the present invention;

2 is a schematic structural view of another forest monitoring system according to an embodiment of the present invention;

3 is a structural block diagram of an optional forest monitoring system according to an embodiment of the present invention;

4 is a flow chart of an alternative forest monitoring method according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0022] FIG. 5 is a flow chart of another forest monitoring method that may be selected in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention.

Embodiments of the invention

[0023] It should be noted that, in the case of no conflict, the features in the embodiments and the embodiments in the present application may be combined with each other. The invention will be described in detail below with reference to the drawings in conjunction with the embodiments.

The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described in the following with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. The embodiments are merely a part of the embodiments of the invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments obtained by a person of ordinary skill in the art based on the embodiments of the present invention without departing from the inventive scope should fall within the scope of the present invention.

[0025] It should be noted that the terms "first", "second" and the like in the specification and claims of the present invention and the above drawings are used to distinguish similar objects, and are not necessarily used to describe a specific order or Prioritization. It will be understood that the data so used may be interchanged where appropriate in order to facilitate the embodiments of the invention described herein. In addition, the terms "comprises" and "comprising" and "comprises" and "the" are intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion, for example, a process, method, system, product, or device that comprises a series of steps or units is not necessarily limited to Those steps or units may include other steps or units not explicitly listed or inherent to such processes, methods, products or devices.

Embodiment 1

[0027] Embodiments of the present invention provide a forest monitoring system.

1 is a schematic structural diagram of an optional forest monitoring system according to an embodiment of the present invention. As shown in FIG. 1 , the system includes: a floating parking platform 1 , wherein the floating parking platform 1 is located in a stratosphere above a target monitoring area in a forest to be monitored; and the monitoring device 2 is disposed at the On the floating parking platform 1, And configured to monitor the target monitoring area in the forest according to the received monitoring instruction to obtain monitoring data; and the ground device 3 establishes a communication relationship with the monitoring device 2, and is configured to perform monitoring according to the predetermined monitoring task. The device 2 sends the monitoring instruction, and performs data analysis on the monitoring data returned by the monitoring device 2 to obtain target data of a target monitoring area in the forest.

[0029] A forest monitoring system according to an embodiment of the present invention adopts the stability of a floating dwelling platform and the characteristics of long-term fixed-point dwelling, and performs a target monitoring area in a forest by setting a monitoring device on a floating dwelling platform. Monitoring, coordinating with the ground device to analyze the data of the monitoring data to obtain the target data of the target monitoring area in the forest, thereby realizing the efficient and accurate monitoring of the forest, and solving the existing efficiency of the large-area forest measurement in the prior art. Low technical problems have achieved long-term fixed-point dwelling at a fixed height in space to achieve a wide range of accurate monitoring of forests, thereby achieving the technical effect of fine-grained management and scientific utilization of forests.

[0030] Optionally, the floating dwelling platform does not contact the ground surface in a spatial position and has a vertical height, and may be suspended, limited up and down, or left and right fluttering in the moving state, and can be used in the suspension realization. A power supply device such as a hot air balloon, a motorboat, or a drone that has a dangling and long-dwelling capacity. For example, the floating platform is mounted on a hot air balloon that can work in a stratosphere with a height of about 20 to 24 km, and the duty cycle can be several months. Optionally, the shape, component combination, component adhesion, and hardware and software and hardware and software attributes of the floating resident platform having computational processing functions applied to the floating resident platform are not described herein.

[0031] Optionally, the monitoring device may include: a controller, configured to acquire monitoring information in the monitoring instruction, monitoring angle information, a target monitoring area, and a predetermined monitoring track; and a turntable connected to the controller for monitoring The angle information and the predetermined monitoring trajectory adjust the angle of the laser emitting head of the laser to direct the laser to all target monitoring points on the predetermined monitoring trajectory; the lasers are respectively connected to the controller and the turntable for monitoring the respective targets according to the monitoring information The first laser monitoring signal is transmitted, and the second laser monitoring signal obtained by reflecting the first laser monitoring signal in the target monitoring area in the forest is received; the controller is further configured to send the monitoring data formed by encoding the second laser monitoring signal to Ground device.

[0032] Optionally, the monitoring device may further include: a signal processor, connected to the laser, configured to perform at least one of the following processing on the received second laser monitoring signal, and obtain the processed second laser monitoring Signal, processing includes: narrowband filtering, photoelectric conversion, and preprocessing; the controller includes: a coding unit, The coded data is obtained by encoding the processed second laser monitoring signal, and the monitoring time information, the three-dimensional position coordinates of the floating resident platform, and the system time are obtained for the encoded data, and the processed encoded data is obtained, and the package processing is performed. The post-encoded data and the first laser monitoring signal are monitored.

[0033] Optionally, the monitoring device may further include: a global positioning system GPS device, connected to the controller, configured to acquire the three-dimensional position coordinates of the floating resident platform, and the system of the calibration controller, and the three-dimensional position coordinates Send to controller.

[0034] Optionally, the global positioning system GPS device may include a GPS terminal, a transmission network, and a monitoring platform, and the function thereof is to provide practical, all-weather and global navigation or positioning services for the three major fields of land, sea and air, in an embodiment. GPS equipment can be applied to forest monitoring in commercial, civil or functional organizations. The positioning method, positioning accuracy, reference orientation, map reference setting and data interface format are not limited here.

[0035] Optionally, the monitoring device further includes: a communication antenna, connected to the controller, the controller receiving the monitoring instruction sent by the ground device through the communication antenna, and transmitting the monitoring data to the ground device through the communication antenna.

[0036] Optionally, the communication antenna in this embodiment functions as an interface device between the circuit and the space, and can radiate and receive radio waves, and can be used as both a transmitting antenna and a receiving antenna in the working nature, and its directionality and working wavelength. The structure, dimensions and dimensions are not limited here.

[0037] Optionally, the laser comprises: a laser generating unit for generating a first laser monitoring signal; a laser emitting head connected to the laser generating unit for transmitting the first laser monitoring signal; and a reflective telescope for receiving the forest The second laser monitoring signal reflected back in the target monitoring area.

[0038] Optionally, the laser in this embodiment is a device capable of emitting laser light, and the working medium thereof may be, but is not limited to, one of the following: a gas laser, a solid laser, a semiconductor laser, and a dye laser, the excitation mode and the operation mode thereof. The band range and the like are not limited herein.

[0039] Optionally, the ground device includes: a data analysis device, configured to calculate leaf canopy and breast diameter information of the target monitoring area in the forest according to signal strengths of the second laser monitoring signals received at different inter-nodes; The device is further configured to obtain leaf type information of the target monitoring area in the forest according to the echo intensity integral of the second laser monitoring signal; and the three-dimensional position coordinates of the floating resident platform, the deflection posture of the floating resident platform, and the monitoring daytime The information and the second laser monitoring signal are obtained from the ground location corresponding to the forest data of the target monitoring area in the forest, wherein the target data includes forest data, and the forest data includes leaf canopy and breast diameter information, leaf type information, and ground position corresponding to the forest data. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of another forest monitoring system according to an embodiment of the present invention.

3 is a structural block diagram of an optional forest monitoring system according to an embodiment of the invention.

As shown in FIG. 2 and FIG. 3, the monitoring device 2 may include: a turntable 21, a laser 22, and a controller 23, and the turntable 21 is connected to the laser 22 for monitoring the diurnal information and the monitoring angle acquired by the controller 23. The information control laser 22 is directed to all target monitoring points on the predetermined monitoring trajectory; specifically, the turret 21 may include: a pitch angle adjusting unit 2102 and a horizontal angle adjusting unit 2104 for adjusting the pitch angle of the laser 22, the level Angle adjustment unit 2104 is used to adjust the horizontal angle of laser 22. Optionally, the pitch angle can be adjusted in the range of -60° to +60° on the basis of the horizontal plane, and the horizontal can be freely rotated in the range of 360°. By adjusting the turntable 21, the laser 22 can cover the ground area of more than 3,000 square kilometers. .

[0043] The laser 22 is configured to send a first laser monitoring signal to all target monitoring points on the predetermined monitoring track according to the monitoring information acquired by the controller 23, and receive a second laser monitoring signal reflected by the target monitoring point; The laser 22 includes: a laser generating unit 2202, a laser emitting head 2204, and a reflective telescope 2206. The laser generating unit 2202 is configured to generate a first laser monitoring signal. Alternatively, the laser generating unit 2202 uses a Nd:YAG solid-state laser to emit The first laser monitoring signal has a wavelength of 1064 nm, an emission energy of less than 50 mJ, and a repetition frequency of not less than 1000 Hz. The laser emitting head 2204 and the reflective telescope 2206 are mounted on the turntable 21 to follow the turntable 21 for movement. The laser emitting head 2204 is connected to the laser generating unit 2202 via an optical fiber for transmitting the first laser monitoring signal directly to the target monitoring point; The head 220 4 can be mounted at a central portion of the reflective telescope 2206, and the reflective telescope 2206 and the laser emitting head 22 04 point in the same direction to the surface for receiving a second laser monitoring signal reflected from the target monitoring point on the predetermined monitoring trajectory. .

[0044] The controller 23 is connected to the turntable 21 and the laser 22, respectively, for acquiring the monitoring day information and the monitoring angle information according to the monitoring instruction, and returning the first laser monitoring signal and the second laser monitoring signal to form the monitoring data to the ground device 3 . Specifically, as shown in FIG. 3, the controller 23 includes: an encoding unit 2302, where the encoding unit 2302 is configured to encode the processed second laser monitoring signal to obtain encoded data, and set monitoring information for the encoded data, and floating The three-dimensional position coordinates of the resident platform and the encoded data processed by the system, and the encoded data after the encapsulation processing and the first laser monitoring signal are monitored.

[0045] As shown in FIG. 2 and FIG. 3, the monitoring device 2 further includes: a global positioning system GPS device 24, a signal processor 2 5 and communication antenna 26. The global positioning system GPS device 24 is coupled to the controller 23, wherein the three-dimensional position coordinates of the floating parking platform 1 are acquired by the global positioning system GPS device 24, while the global positioning system GPS device 24 is also used to calibrate the controller 23 The system is timed to ensure that the controller 23 can add accurate monitoring day information to the first laser monitoring signal and the second laser monitoring signal. The signal processor 25 is coupled to the reflective telescope 2206 in the laser 22 for processing the second laser monitoring signal reflected from the target monitoring point.

[0046] The first laser monitoring signal sent by the laser emitting head 2204 reaches the ground and generates diffuse reflection, and the reflected second laser monitoring signal is transmitted back to the reflective telescope 2206 through the atmosphere, considering that the signal will be attenuated and miserable during the period. Noise, so the reflective telescope 2206 first receives the second laser monitoring signal and then sends it to the signal processor 25 for narrowband filtering, photoelectric conversion and preprocessing. The narrowband filtering can improve the signal to noise ratio of the signal, and the photoelectric conversion converts the laser signal into An electrical signal that can be processed by digital signals.

The communication antenna 26 is connected to the controller 23, and the encoding unit 2302 encodes the first laser monitoring signal and the second laser monitoring signal to obtain monitoring data, and then returns the monitoring data to the ground device 3 via the communication antenna 26. In addition, the controller 23 receives the monitoring commands from the ground unit and also through the communication antenna 26.

Embodiment 2

[0049] An embodiment of the present invention provides a forest monitoring system using the forest monitoring system of the above embodiment.

4 is a flow chart of an alternative forest monitoring method in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention. As shown in FIG. 4, the method includes the following steps S402 and S404:

[0051] Step S402, monitoring the target monitoring area in the forest according to the monitoring instruction, and obtaining monitoring data; [0052] Step S404, performing data analysis on the monitoring data to obtain target data of the target monitoring area in the forest

[0053] The method of forest monitoring according to an embodiment of the present invention adopts the stability of a floating dwelling platform and the characteristics of long-term fixed-point dwelling, and sets a monitoring device on a floating-resident platform to target monitoring areas in the forest. Monitoring and coordinating with the ground device to analyze the monitoring data to obtain the target data of the target monitoring area in the forest, thereby realizing efficient and accurate monitoring of the forest, and solving the long-term fixed point in the prior art that cannot be fixed in space. Residing to achieve a wide range of accurate monitoring of forests, and thus achieve the technical effects of scientific and scientific management of forests. [0054] FIG. 5 is a flow chart of another forest monitoring method that may be selected in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention. As shown in FIG. 5, the method includes the following steps:

[0055] Step S502: Obtain monitoring information, monitoring angle information, target monitoring area, and predetermined monitoring trajectory in the monitoring instruction;

[0056] Step S504, adjusting an angle of the laser emitting head of the laser according to the monitoring angle information and the predetermined monitoring trajectory.

, to direct the laser to all target monitoring points on the predetermined monitoring trajectory;

[0057] Step S506, transmitting a first laser monitoring signal to each target monitoring point according to the monitoring information, and receiving a second laser monitoring signal obtained by reflecting the first laser monitoring signal in the target monitoring area in the forest; [0058] Step S508 Transmitting the monitoring data formed by encoding the second laser monitoring signal to the ground device

[0059] Optionally, the controller 23 in the monitoring device 2 in FIG. 3 receives the monitoring command sent by the ground device 3 according to a predetermined monitoring task through the communication antenna 26, and in the communication, the ground device 3 adopts the L-band real direction. The controller 23 sends a monitoring command. The monitoring instruction includes a target monitoring area to be monitored, monitoring daytime information, monitoring angle information, and a predetermined monitoring track. The controller 23 sends a control command to the turntable 21 through the acquired monitoring command, respectively, by the pitch angle adjusting unit 2102 and the horizontal angle adjusting unit. The 2104 adjusts the monitoring angle of the laser 22 to point to the target monitoring point of the target monitoring area in the forest. During the monitoring process, the turntable 21 controls the laser emitting head 2204 to monitor all target monitoring points according to the predetermined monitoring trajectory acquired by the controller 23. At the same time, the controller 23 controls the laser transmitting head 2204 to send the first to each target monitoring point. The laser monitors the signal and records the transmission time T1 of the first laser monitoring signal. The first laser monitoring signal reaches the target monitoring point and is reflected to generate a second laser monitoring signal to propagate back to the reflective telescope 2206 through the atmosphere. The laser monitoring signal is returned to the daytime Τ2 of the reflective telescope 2206. The reflected second laser monitoring signal is processed by a signal processor 25 coupled to the reflective telescope 2206, and the resulting monitoring data is transmitted to the ground unit.

[0060] Optionally, after receiving the second laser monitoring signal obtained by the first laser monitoring signal in the target monitoring area in the forest, the method further includes: performing at least the following processing on the received second laser monitoring signal The second laser monitoring signal is processed, and the processing comprises: narrowband filtering, photoelectric conversion, and preprocessing; and transmitting the monitoring data formed by encoding the second laser monitoring signal to the ground device, including: processing the second The laser monitoring signal is encoded to obtain encoded data; The monitoring time information, the three-dimensional position coordinates of the floating resident platform, and the encoded data processed by the system are obtained; the encoded data after the processing and the first laser monitoring signal are monitored.

[0061] Optionally, performing data analysis on the monitoring data to obtain target data of the target monitoring area in the forest includes: calculating a target monitoring area in the forest according to a signal strength of the second laser monitoring signal received at different inter-nodes Leaf canopy and DBH information; according to the echo intensity integral of the second laser monitoring signal, the leaf type information of the target monitoring area in the forest is obtained; and the three-dimensional position coordinates of the floating dwelling platform, the deflection posture of the floating resident platform, The monitoring daytime information and the second laser monitoring signal are obtained from the ground location corresponding to the forest data of the target monitoring area in the forest, wherein the target data includes forest data, the forest data includes leaf canopy and breast diameter information, leaf type information, and forest data corresponding Ground location.

[0062] Optionally, the ground device calculates leaf canopy and DBH information of the target monitoring area in the forest according to the signal strength of the second laser monitoring signal received at different inter-nodes, and the solution manner may be through the data object Computer software with calculation and analysis capabilities, leaf canopy and breast diameter information of the target monitoring area in the forest can be exported or reprocessed by image, simplified data, text or table

[0063] Optionally, the ground device obtains leaf type information of the target monitoring area in the forest according to the echo intensity integral of the second laser monitoring signal, and the solution mode may be a computer software that has calculation and analysis capabilities for the data object. The leaf type information of the target monitoring area in the forest can be exported or reprocessed by image, simplified data, text or table.

[0064] Optionally, the ground device obtains the forest data corresponding to the target monitoring area in the forest according to the three-dimensional position coordinates of the floating resident platform, the deflection posture of the floating resident platform, the monitoring day information, and the second laser monitoring signal. Ground position, the solution method can be through computer software with calculation and analysis capability for the data object, and the ground position corresponding to the forest data of the target monitoring area in the forest can be exported or performed by image, simplified data, text or table. Secondary treatment.

[0065] The forest monitoring method according to the embodiment of the present invention adopts the stability of the floating resident platform and the long-term fixed-point resident characteristics, and performs the target monitoring area in the forest by setting the monitoring device on the floating resident platform. Monitoring, coordinating with the ground device to analyze the monitoring data to obtain the target data of the target monitoring area in the forest, thereby realizing efficient and accurate monitoring of the forest, and solving the problem in the prior art Large-area forest surveys have low-efficiency technical problems, achieving long-term fixed-point dwelling at a fixed height in space to achieve large-scale and precise monitoring of forests, and thus achieving the technology of scientific and scientific management of forests. effect.

[0066] It should be noted that the forest monitoring system of the embodiment of the present invention may be used to perform the method of forest monitoring provided by the embodiment of the present invention, and the method for forest monitoring according to the embodiment of the present invention may also be provided by the embodiment of the present invention. The forest monitoring system is implemented.

[0067] It should be noted that, for the foregoing method embodiments, for the sake of simple description, they are all expressed as a series of action combinations, but those skilled in the art should know that the present invention is not subject to the described action sequence. The limitation is that, in accordance with the present invention, certain steps may be performed in other orders or in the same manner. In the following, those skilled in the art should also understand that the embodiments described in the specification are all preferred embodiments, and the actions and modules involved are not necessarily required by the present invention.

[0068] In the above embodiments, the descriptions of the various embodiments are different, and the parts that are not detailed in an embodiment may be referred to the related descriptions of other embodiments.

[0069] In the several embodiments provided by the present application, it should be understood that the disclosed apparatus may be implemented in other manners. For example, the device embodiments described above are merely illustrative. For example, the division of the unit is only a logical function division, and the actual implementation may have another division manner, for example, multiple units or components may be combined or may be Integration into another system, or some features can be ignored, or not executed. In addition, the mutual coupling or direct coupling or communication connection shown or discussed may be an indirect coupling or communication connection through some interface, device or unit, and may be electrical or otherwise.

[0070] The unit described as a separate component may or may not be physically distributed, and the component displayed as a unit may or may not be a physical unit, that is, may be located in one place, or may be distributed to multiple On the network unit. Some or all of the units may be selected according to actual needs to achieve the purpose of the solution of the embodiment.

[0071] In addition, each functional unit in each embodiment of the present invention may be integrated into one processing unit, or each unit may exist physically separately, or two or more units may be integrated into one unit. The above integrated unit can be implemented in the form of hardware or in the form of a software functional unit. The above is only the preferred embodiment of the present invention, and is not intended to limit the present invention, and various modifications and changes can be made to the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc. made within the spirit and scope of the present invention are intended to be included within the scope of the present invention.

Claims

Claim

[Claim 1] A forest monitoring system, comprising:

a floating resident platform, wherein the floating resident platform is located in a stratosphere above a target monitoring area in a forest to be monitored;

a monitoring device, disposed on the floating parking platform, configured to monitor a target monitoring area in the forest according to the received monitoring instruction to obtain monitoring data; and a ground device to establish a communication relationship with the monitoring device And sending the monitoring instruction to the monitoring device according to a predetermined monitoring task, and performing data analysis on the monitoring data returned by the monitoring device to obtain target data of a target monitoring area in the forest.

[Claim 2] The system according to claim 1, wherein the monitoring device comprises:

a controller, configured to acquire monitoring daytime information, monitoring angle information, a target monitoring area, and a predetermined monitoring track in the monitoring instruction;

a turntable, coupled to the controller, for adjusting an angle of a laser emitting head of the laser according to the monitoring angle information and the predetermined monitoring trajectory, so that the laser is directed to all target monitoring points on the predetermined monitoring trajectory;

The laser is respectively connected to the controller and the turntable for transmitting a first laser monitoring signal to each of the target monitoring points according to the monitoring information, and receiving the target monitoring in the forest a second laser monitoring signal obtained by reflecting the first laser monitoring signal;

The controller is further configured to transmit the monitoring data formed by encoding the second laser monitoring signal to the ground device.

[Claim 3] The system according to claim 2, characterized in that

The monitoring device further includes: a signal processor, connected to the laser, configured to perform at least one of the following processing on the received second laser monitoring signal, to obtain a processed second laser monitoring signal, The processing includes: narrowband filtering, photoelectric conversion, and pre-processing;

The controller includes:

a coding unit, configured to encode the processed second laser monitoring signal to obtain a code Data, and setting the monitoring information, the three-dimensional position coordinates of the floating resident platform, and the system time for the encoded data, obtaining the processed encoded data, and encapsulating the processed encoded data and the The first laser monitoring signal obtains the monitoring data.

[Claim 4] The system according to claim 3, wherein the monitoring device further comprises: a global positioning system GPS device, connected to the controller, for acquiring three-dimensionality of the floating resident platform The position coordinates and the system of the controller are calibrated and the three-dimensional position coordinates are sent to the controller.

[Claim 5] The system according to claim 2, wherein the monitoring device further comprises: a communication antenna connected to the controller, wherein the controller receives the ground device transmission through the communication antenna The monitoring command, and transmitting the monitoring data to the ground device through the communication antenna.

[Claim 6] The system according to claim 2, wherein the laser comprises:

a laser generating unit, configured to generate the first laser monitoring signal; the laser emitting head is coupled to the laser generating unit for transmitting the first laser monitoring signal;

a reflective telescope for receiving the second laser monitoring signal reflected from a target monitoring area in the forest.

[Clave 7] The system according to claim 2, wherein the ground device comprises:

a data analysis device, configured to calculate leaf canopy and breast diameter information of the target monitoring area in the forest according to signal strengths of second laser monitoring signals received at different inter-nodes, and the data analyzing device is further used according to the The echo intensity integral of the second laser monitoring signal obtains leaf type information of the target monitoring area in the forest, and a three-dimensional position coordinate of the floating resident platform, and a deflection posture of the floating resident platform And the monitoring diurnal information and the second laser monitoring signal obtain a ground location corresponding to the forest data of the target monitoring area in the forest,

The target data includes forest data, and the forest data includes the leaf canopy and breast diameter information, the leaf type information, and a ground location corresponding to the forest data.

[Claim 8] A method for forest monitoring using the forest monitoring system according to any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that it comprises:

Monitoring the target monitoring area in the forest according to the monitoring instruction, and obtaining monitoring data; performing data analysis on the monitoring data to obtain target data of the target monitoring area in the forest.

[Claim 9] The method according to claim 8, wherein the monitoring target area in the forest is monitored according to the monitoring instruction, and the monitoring data is obtained, including: acquiring monitoring information and monitoring in the monitoring instruction Angle information, target monitoring area, and predetermined monitoring trajectory;

Adjusting an angle of a laser emitting head of the laser according to the monitoring angle information and the predetermined monitoring trajectory, so that the laser points to all target monitoring points on the predetermined monitoring trajectory according to the monitoring diurnal information to each of the target The monitoring point transmits a first laser monitoring signal, and receives a second laser monitoring signal obtained by the target monitoring area in the forest reflecting the first laser monitoring signal;

The monitoring data formed by encoding the second laser monitoring signal is transmitted to the ground device.

[Claim 10] The method according to claim 9, wherein

After receiving the second laser monitoring signal obtained by the first laser monitoring signal in the target monitoring area in the forest, the method further includes: performing the following processing on the received second laser monitoring signal At least one of the obtained, the processed second laser monitoring signal, the processing comprising: narrowband filtering, photoelectric conversion, and pre-processing; transmitting the monitoring data formed by encoding the second laser monitoring signal to the The ground device includes:

Encoding the processed second laser monitoring signal to obtain encoded data; setting the monitoring information for the encoded data, the three-dimensional position coordinates of the floating resident platform, and the system after processing Coded data;

Encapsulating the processed encoded data and the first laser monitoring signal to obtain the monitored number According to.

[Claim 11] The method according to claim 8, wherein the data of the monitoring data is analyzed to obtain target data of the target monitoring area in the forest, including:

Calculating leaf canopy and DBH information of the target monitoring area in the forest according to signal intensity of the second laser monitoring signal received at different inter-nodes; obtaining an echo intensity integral according to the second laser monitoring signal Leaf type information of the target monitoring area in the forest; and three-dimensional position coordinates according to the floating resident platform, a deflection posture of the floating resident platform, the monitoring day information, and the second laser The monitoring signal obtains a ground location corresponding to the forest data of the target monitoring area in the forest, wherein the target data includes forest data, the forest data includes the leaf canopy and breast diameter information, the leaf type information, and The ground location corresponding to the forest data.