WO2018050593A1 - Motor vehicle light device comprising a pixelated light source and method of projecting a pixelated light beam from said motor vehicle light device - Google Patents
Motor vehicle light device comprising a pixelated light source and method of projecting a pixelated light beam from said motor vehicle light device Download PDFInfo
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- WO2018050593A1 WO2018050593A1 PCT/EP2017/072740 EP2017072740W WO2018050593A1 WO 2018050593 A1 WO2018050593 A1 WO 2018050593A1 EP 2017072740 W EP2017072740 W EP 2017072740W WO 2018050593 A1 WO2018050593 A1 WO 2018050593A1
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- light
- image
- pixelated
- light source
- light beam
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Classifications
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
- H04N9/00—Details of colour television systems
- H04N9/12—Picture reproducers
- H04N9/31—Projection devices for colour picture display, e.g. using electronic spatial light modulators [ESLM]
- H04N9/3141—Constructional details thereof
- H04N9/315—Modulator illumination systems
- H04N9/3155—Modulator illumination systems for controlling the light source
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60Q—ARRANGEMENT OF SIGNALLING OR LIGHTING DEVICES, THE MOUNTING OR SUPPORTING THEREOF OR CIRCUITS THEREFOR, FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60Q1/00—Arrangement of optical signalling or lighting devices, the mounting or supporting thereof or circuits therefor
- B60Q1/02—Arrangement of optical signalling or lighting devices, the mounting or supporting thereof or circuits therefor the devices being primarily intended to illuminate the way ahead or to illuminate other areas of way or environments
- B60Q1/04—Arrangement of optical signalling or lighting devices, the mounting or supporting thereof or circuits therefor the devices being primarily intended to illuminate the way ahead or to illuminate other areas of way or environments the devices being headlights
- B60Q1/14—Arrangement of optical signalling or lighting devices, the mounting or supporting thereof or circuits therefor the devices being primarily intended to illuminate the way ahead or to illuminate other areas of way or environments the devices being headlights having dimming means
- B60Q1/1415—Dimming circuits
- B60Q1/1423—Automatic dimming circuits, i.e. switching between high beam and low beam due to change of ambient light or light level in road traffic
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60Q—ARRANGEMENT OF SIGNALLING OR LIGHTING DEVICES, THE MOUNTING OR SUPPORTING THEREOF OR CIRCUITS THEREFOR, FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60Q1/00—Arrangement of optical signalling or lighting devices, the mounting or supporting thereof or circuits therefor
- B60Q1/26—Arrangement of optical signalling or lighting devices, the mounting or supporting thereof or circuits therefor the devices being primarily intended to indicate the vehicle, or parts thereof, or to give signals, to other traffic
- B60Q1/50—Arrangement of optical signalling or lighting devices, the mounting or supporting thereof or circuits therefor the devices being primarily intended to indicate the vehicle, or parts thereof, or to give signals, to other traffic for indicating other intentions or conditions, e.g. request for waiting or overtaking
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F21—LIGHTING
- F21S—NON-PORTABLE LIGHTING DEVICES; SYSTEMS THEREOF; VEHICLE LIGHTING DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR VEHICLE EXTERIORS
- F21S41/00—Illuminating devices specially adapted for vehicle exteriors, e.g. headlamps
- F21S41/10—Illuminating devices specially adapted for vehicle exteriors, e.g. headlamps characterised by the light source
- F21S41/14—Illuminating devices specially adapted for vehicle exteriors, e.g. headlamps characterised by the light source characterised by the type of light source
- F21S41/141—Light emitting diodes [LED]
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F21—LIGHTING
- F21S—NON-PORTABLE LIGHTING DEVICES; SYSTEMS THEREOF; VEHICLE LIGHTING DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR VEHICLE EXTERIORS
- F21S41/00—Illuminating devices specially adapted for vehicle exteriors, e.g. headlamps
- F21S41/10—Illuminating devices specially adapted for vehicle exteriors, e.g. headlamps characterised by the light source
- F21S41/14—Illuminating devices specially adapted for vehicle exteriors, e.g. headlamps characterised by the light source characterised by the type of light source
- F21S41/141—Light emitting diodes [LED]
- F21S41/151—Light emitting diodes [LED] arranged in one or more lines
- F21S41/153—Light emitting diodes [LED] arranged in one or more lines arranged in a matrix
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F21—LIGHTING
- F21S—NON-PORTABLE LIGHTING DEVICES; SYSTEMS THEREOF; VEHICLE LIGHTING DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR VEHICLE EXTERIORS
- F21S41/00—Illuminating devices specially adapted for vehicle exteriors, e.g. headlamps
- F21S41/60—Illuminating devices specially adapted for vehicle exteriors, e.g. headlamps characterised by a variable light distribution
- F21S41/63—Illuminating devices specially adapted for vehicle exteriors, e.g. headlamps characterised by a variable light distribution by acting on refractors, filters or transparent cover plates
- F21S41/64—Illuminating devices specially adapted for vehicle exteriors, e.g. headlamps characterised by a variable light distribution by acting on refractors, filters or transparent cover plates by changing their light transmissivity, e.g. by liquid crystal or electrochromic devices
- F21S41/645—Illuminating devices specially adapted for vehicle exteriors, e.g. headlamps characterised by a variable light distribution by acting on refractors, filters or transparent cover plates by changing their light transmissivity, e.g. by liquid crystal or electrochromic devices by electro-optic means, e.g. liquid crystal or electrochromic devices
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F21—LIGHTING
- F21S—NON-PORTABLE LIGHTING DEVICES; SYSTEMS THEREOF; VEHICLE LIGHTING DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR VEHICLE EXTERIORS
- F21S41/00—Illuminating devices specially adapted for vehicle exteriors, e.g. headlamps
- F21S41/60—Illuminating devices specially adapted for vehicle exteriors, e.g. headlamps characterised by a variable light distribution
- F21S41/65—Illuminating devices specially adapted for vehicle exteriors, e.g. headlamps characterised by a variable light distribution by acting on light sources
- F21S41/663—Illuminating devices specially adapted for vehicle exteriors, e.g. headlamps characterised by a variable light distribution by acting on light sources by switching light sources
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F21—LIGHTING
- F21S—NON-PORTABLE LIGHTING DEVICES; SYSTEMS THEREOF; VEHICLE LIGHTING DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR VEHICLE EXTERIORS
- F21S41/00—Illuminating devices specially adapted for vehicle exteriors, e.g. headlamps
- F21S41/60—Illuminating devices specially adapted for vehicle exteriors, e.g. headlamps characterised by a variable light distribution
- F21S41/67—Illuminating devices specially adapted for vehicle exteriors, e.g. headlamps characterised by a variable light distribution by acting on reflectors
- F21S41/675—Illuminating devices specially adapted for vehicle exteriors, e.g. headlamps characterised by a variable light distribution by acting on reflectors by moving reflectors
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
- H04N9/00—Details of colour television systems
- H04N9/12—Picture reproducers
- H04N9/31—Projection devices for colour picture display, e.g. using electronic spatial light modulators [ESLM]
- H04N9/3138—Projection devices for colour picture display, e.g. using electronic spatial light modulators [ESLM] using arrays of modulated light sources
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
- H04N9/00—Details of colour television systems
- H04N9/12—Picture reproducers
- H04N9/31—Projection devices for colour picture display, e.g. using electronic spatial light modulators [ESLM]
- H04N9/3179—Video signal processing therefor
- H04N9/3182—Colour adjustment, e.g. white balance, shading or gamut
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60Q—ARRANGEMENT OF SIGNALLING OR LIGHTING DEVICES, THE MOUNTING OR SUPPORTING THEREOF OR CIRCUITS THEREFOR, FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60Q2400/00—Special features or arrangements of exterior signal lamps for vehicles
- B60Q2400/50—Projected symbol or information, e.g. onto the road or car body
Definitions
- the invention relates to the field of the projection of a pixelated light beam by a light device of a motor vehicle.
- the projection of a light beam by a light device of a motor vehicle conventionally allows to illuminate the road with a global lighting and thus to increase the visibility in case of darkness, for example at night. This allows secure driving of the vehicle.
- Recent developments in the field of these luminous devices can produce a pixelated light beam to achieve this lighting.
- the light device can also perform localized lighting functions, for example project a pattern on the scene.
- Such functions are known in the field of adaptive lighting. For example, glare free lighting is known, for example by darkening an area corresponding to a vehicle coming from the front so as not to dazzle this other user.
- the lighting assisting driving for example by over-intensifying the markings on the ground or road signs so that they are more visible to the driver and / or to project on the road one or more visible information of the driver. .
- a method for projecting a pixelated light beam by a motor vehicle light device is proposed, as well as a motor vehicle light device configured to execute the method.
- the light device comprises a pixelated light source and an optical system arranged for projecting a pixelated light beam emitted by the pixelated light source.
- Pixelized light beam projection on the road includes a picture.
- the image has a contrast between 1.5 and 4, a resolution between 0.025 ° and 0.75 °, and / or a sharpness between 0.075 ° and 0.2 °.
- the light device is therefore able to project on the road an image that has any combination of at least one of these characteristics.
- Such a device improves the projection of a pixelated light beam by a light device of a motor vehicle.
- the device is part of the projection technologies of a pixelated light beam.
- a light beam allows, thanks to its pixelated character, to project one or more patterns when desired.
- An image projected on the road contains a pattern visible to the naked eye, intended for example to the driver and / or to other users.
- An image can thus be used to transmit information to the person who sees the image. This information may be driver assistance information, for example for the driver.
- An image thus makes it possible to improve comfort and / or safety.
- the luminous device makes it possible to project an image of particularly good quality. Indeed, the contrast properties, resolution and / or sharpness observed by the light device allow good visibility of the image in a road context.
- the light device can thus transmit detailed and accurate information in an efficient manner, which further improves the comfort and / or safety.
- any combination of at least one of the following features can be implemented:
- the contrast of the image is substantially constant
- the pixelized light beam projects on a part of the road a global illumination corresponding to an increasing luminous intensity as a function of the distance with respect to the luminous device, the image corresponding to a multiplication of the luminous intensity corresponding to the illumination global by a predetermined constant; the predetermined constant is between 2.5 and 5;
- the pixelated light beam darkens a pattern outline of the image;
- the sharpness has a decreasing value as a function of the distance of the image from the luminous device;
- the sharpness is between 0.075 ° and 0.125 ° when the distance of the image from the light device is of the order of 50 meters; the sharpness is between 0.15 ° and 0.2 ° when the distance of the image from the luminous device is of the order of 10 meters;
- the light source is formed by a matrix of individual light sources which extend in the same plane;
- the individual light sources each have a size of 40 micrometers for a focal length of 45 millimeters and a resolution of 0.05 °.
- the method may include the projection on the road of one or more such (s) image (s), for example at one or more instant (s).
- a computer program including program code instructions for executing the method.
- the method is executed when the program is executed by a projection control unit on a scene of a pixelated light beam by a land vehicle light device as above comprising the control unit coupled to the light source
- control unit has a processor associated with a memory having recorded the program.
- FIGS. 1-4 illustrate exemplary image properties obtained by the light device
- FIG. 5 shows a schematic example of a light module comprising a pixelated light source
- FIG. 6 shows a schematic example of a light device used to produce a pixelated light beam
- FIG. 7 shows a schematic example of projection of a light beam pixelated by a vehicle.
- the vehicle may be any type of land vehicle, for example an automobile (car), a motorcycle, or a truck.
- the vehicle may be equipped with one or more front headlamp (s) and / or one or more rear headlamp (s).
- One or more of the front and / or rear headlamps may each comprise one or more luminous device (s) each configured to project a pixelated light beam. The projection of a pixelated light beam is of particular interest when it is performed by a front projector light device.
- the projection can be done on a stage.
- the scene or "road scene” is the environment of the vehicle likely to be illuminated by the light device.
- the light device can perform a global lighting function on at least a part of the scene.
- the part of the scene thus illuminated by the global lighting may correspond to a driving field of vision, made visible or more visible to the driver to facilitate or allow him to drive.
- the overall illumination can thus be for example a high beam function or a low beam function.
- the global lighting may be regulatory, that is to say it may meet a national or Community regulation setting a photometric grid to be respected.
- the regulation may for example be regulation ECE R98, R112, R113 or R123.
- the overall illumination may correspond to a distribution of luminous intensity values on the source of the pixelated light beam corresponding to a generally regular distribution of illuminance reference values on the scene. These are called “nominal” light intensity values and “nominal” lighting. These nominal light intensity values may in known manner vary according to a set of one or more global parameters to the driving environment. When the light device only realizes global lighting function and performs it perfectly, the illumination is such that the nominal light intensity values are effectively distributed (the nominal value being zero for part of the scene unlit).
- the overall illumination can be achieved by the pixelated light beam and / or by another light beam.
- a pixelated light beam is in known manner a light beam subdivided into elementary light sub-beams called "pixels".
- the subdivision may be arbitrary, for example forming a grid having an azimuth dimension and a depth dimension (or distance) with respect to the position of the vehicle.
- Each pixel is controllable individually by the light device to a extent that projects at least one pattern onto the scene.
- a pattern is a localized area of the scene where the value of the light intensity deviates from the nominal value and creates a localized contrast in the scene.
- a pattern may be distinguishable or not distinguishable by the naked eye.
- the light device can thus control the projection of one or more pattern (s) at one or more instant (s) and / or at one or more location (s) of the scene.
- the light device can for example alternate between phases where only the global lighting function is performed and phases where a pattern is projected in addition to the global lighting function.
- Each pixel of the pixelated light beam is projected on a corresponding area of the scene, also called "pixel".
- the light device can individually control the light intensity of the source of each pixel of the pixelated light beam and thus individually control the illumination of each pixel of the scene.
- the light device can divide the scene into more than 10 pixels, more than 50 pixels, or, for a projection implementing advanced functions, more than 500 pixels (for example of the order of 1000 pixels or more than 1000 pixels).
- the pixelated light beam may darken one or more groups of one or more pixels, and / or over-illuminate one or more groups of one or more pixels with respect to a current light intensity value, for example the nominal value.
- a pixel darkening is a decrease to a given instant of illumination in the pixel.
- the darkening of a pixel does not necessarily imply stopping the illumination of the pixel. Over-illumination of pixels is an increase at a given moment in the illumination in the pixel.
- the contrast of the pattern with respect to its periphery can therefore be positive or negative.
- the resolution of a pattern may be of the order of the pixel.
- the size of the pattern may be less than 25% or 10% of all pixels in the scene.
- the size of the pattern can be one pixel or more. For a given pattern projected at a given moment, one or more pixels of the scene - or equivalent of the light beam - correspond to the pattern. A distribution of one or more respective light intensity (s) to the pattern is thus associated with each pixel and forms the pattern. A method can therefore project the pattern into an area of the scene by providing the light device with a light intensity reference that corresponds to the pattern for each pixel of the scene.
- the luminous intensity reference may be any data structure relating to the luminous intensity, for example a value of luminous intensity to be applied for the center of the pixel, a spatial and / or temporal distribution of values to be applied for the same pixel , and / or data indirectly related to the light intensity and which can be translated into light intensity (such as for example data relating to the illumination in the pixel).
- the set point is respected for all pixels corresponding to the pattern, the pattern is fully projected on the stage.
- Several patterns can be projected simultaneously, with or without spatial overlap. The case of spatial overlap can be managed anyway. For example, one pattern may have priority over another.
- the light device can be configured to find a compromise in the illumination to be applied to a pixel included in the overlap.
- Pattern projection can improve a driving situation.
- a driving situation may correspond to a set of driving parameters, for example including environmental and / or architectural parameters relating to road, system parameters of the vehicle and / or other vehicles, and / or parameters relating to the condition of the road.
- the improvement may consist of a projection of the motive increasing the comfort and / or helping the driver of the vehicle projecting the motive and / or other users (for example another driver of one or more other vehicle (s) and / or one or more pedestrians).
- the projection of the pattern can accomplish this improvement by performing one or more of the following functions: an information projection function created for the attention of the driver and / or other users, a highlighting or highlighting function of object (s) in the scene, and / or a non-glare function of any person (for example of one or more other users).
- an information projection function created for the attention of the driver and / or other users a highlighting or highlighting function of object (s) in the scene
- / or a non-glare function of any person for example of one or more other users.
- the light device can for example operate continuously in high beam, the light device ensuring the darkening as soon as another vehicle comes from the front. This ensures high driving comfort and visibility and therefore increases safety.
- a pattern can form an image projected on the ground, for example on the road.
- An image is a pattern that is visible, that is to say, distinguishable, for example by the driver and / or other users.
- the image may have one or more of the following functions: over-intensify soil markings (for example lines and / or arrows, for example by over-illumination so as to increase their contrast and thus their visibility ); point out a side of the road used by the vehicle; create a representation bounding the road (for example when a marking is missing); create a marking corresponding to the size of the vehicle (which makes it possible to identify the trajectory of the vehicle - possibly integrating the flying angle - thus forming an equivalent at the front of the cameras of hindsight); and / or displaying one or more information of any type offering assistance to the driver (for example concerning safety, dangers, or data related to driving, such as speed or direction).
- over-intensify soil markings for example lines and / or arrows, for example by over-illu
- the pattern may correspond, for example, to a localized area that is brighter than the rest of the scene around it, and / or to a localized area that is less lit than the rest of the scene around or not lit at all.
- the pattern may correspond to an illuminated localized area. This allows the driver to continue to see the road even in the area and thus maintains the safety of driving.
- the pattern may correspond to a localized area brighter than the rest of the scene. This allows greater visibility for the driver. Also, an outline of the pattern can be darkened. This further increases the contrast and thus the visibility of the pattern.
- the pattern may for example form a projected image on the road to the attention of the driver of the vehicle.
- a positive contrast of the pattern with respect to its periphery allows a particularly good visualization.
- the pattern may correspond to another vehicle (automobile or not), for example coming from the front.
- the pattern may correspond to the location occupied by this other vehicle in the scene.
- a darkening involving a negative contrast of the pattern with respect to its periphery makes it possible not to dazzle this other user and thus to secure the road.
- the pattern may correspond to the location occupied by a panel or other reflective object. A darkening of this panel avoids reflections and therefore dazzling driver and / or other users.
- the device may be configured to understand the projection of an image containing information to the driver in an image projection area on the ground at a distance of the vehicle of the order of ten meters.
- the image projection area may for example be in front of the vehicle. This area is particularly well suited for image projection, especially for image projection containing driving assistance information, because it is particularly visible to the driver while allowing him to continue to see the road.
- the illumination of the image projection area may be constant and / or strictly less than a regulatory limit, for example between 20 lux and 50 lux, for example of the order of 30 lux. This makes it possible to display an image containing information for the driver's attention by over-illumination with respect to a less illuminated background light (but illuminated anyway, so as to ensure good security), that is to say in positive contrast, while respecting the regulatory limit and thus avoiding dazzling the driver or other users.
- the illumination of the image can be between 30 lux and 150 lux. The levels of illumination mentioned make it possible to distinguish the information projected on a luminous background.
- a pixelated light beam can be projected by a light device comprising a pixelated light source.
- the light source may be adapted to cooperate with an optical system (integrated in the device or not) arranged to project on the road a pixilated light beam emitted by the pixelated light source.
- the method may include projecting the pixelated light beam with such a light device.
- the same pixelated light source can emit global lighting and image.
- a pixelated light source is a light source divided into several units of individually controllable light sources. Each pixel emitted by the pixelated light source, and therefore each light source unit, may correspond to a pixel of the projected pixelated light beam.
- the pixelated light source may have more than 1000 pixels. The light device can thus project high resolution patterns.
- the pixelated light source may include a matrix of light source units.
- the matrix may include a multitude of pixels in a plane.
- the optical system may have a zone of focus confused with the plane of the pixel matrix, that is to say, confused with the pixelated light source.
- the pixelated light source may be of the DMD (Digital Mirror Device) type where the rotation modulation of micromirrors makes it possible to obtain a desired luminous intensity in a given direction.
- the pixelated light source may be of LCD type (acronym for "Liquid Crystal Displays") comprising a surface light source in front of which liquid crystals are placed. The movement of liquid crystals may allow or prohibit the passage of light and thus form pixelated light beam.
- the pixelated light source may be of the laser type sending a beam of light rays to a scanning system which distributes it on the surface of a wavelength conversion device, such as a plate comprising a luminophore.
- the pixelated light source may be an electroluminescent source.
- An electroluminescent source is a solid-state lighting source which comprises at least one electroluminescent element.
- Examples of electroluminescent elements include the light emitting diode (LED), the organic light-emitting diode (OLED) or the polymeric light-emitting diode (PLED). (acronym for "Polymer Light-Emitting Diode”).
- the pixelated light source may be a semiconductor light source.
- Each electroluminescent element or group of electroluminescent elements may form a pixel and may emit light when its or their material is supplied with electricity.
- the electroluminescent elements may each be semiconductor, that is to say that they each comprise at least one semiconductor material.
- the electroluminescent elements may be predominantly of semiconductor material. It is therefore possible to speak of a luminous pixel when an electroluminescent element or group of electroluminescent elements forming a pixel of the pixelated light source emits light.
- the electroluminescent elements may be located on the same substrate, for example deposited on the substrate or obtained by growth and extend from the substrate.
- the substrate may be predominantly of semiconductor material.
- the substrate may comprise one or more other materials, for example non-semiconductors.
- the pixelated light source can be electroluminescent with a monolithic semiconductor.
- the source may for example be a monolithic matrix of pixels.
- the light source can be for example a monolithic matrix of LEDs (translation of the English term "monolithic array of LEDs").
- a monolithic matrix comprises at least 50 electroluminescent elements located on the same substrate (for example on the same face of the substrate), for example more than 100, 1000 or thousands.
- the substrate may comprise sapphire and / or silicon.
- the pixels of the monolithic matrix can be separated from each other by lines (called "lanes" in English) or streets (called “streets” in English).
- the monolithic matrix can thus form a grid of pixels.
- a monolithic source is a source with a high pixel density.
- the pixel density may be greater than or equal to 400 pixels per square centimeter (cm 2 ).
- the distance between the center of a first pixel and the center of a second pixel neighboring the first pixel may be equal to or less than 500 micrometers ( ⁇ ). This distance is also called "pixel pitch" in English.
- each of the electroluminescent elements of the matrix may be electrically independent of the others and emits light or not regardless of the other elements of the matrix.
- Each electroluminescent element can thus form a pixel.
- Such a light source makes it possible to reach a relatively high resolution.
- the electroluminescent elements have a general shape of "rods", for example submillimeter dimensions.
- the rods may each extend orthogonally to the substrate, have a generally cylindrical shape, in particular of polygonal section, have a diameter between 0.5 ⁇ and 2.0 ⁇ , preferably 1 ⁇ , have a height between 1 ⁇ and 10 ⁇ preferably 8 ⁇ , and / or have a luminance of at least 60 Cd / mm 2 , preferably at least 80 Cd / mm 2 .
- the distance between two immediately adjacent rods may be between 3 ⁇ and 10 ⁇ and / or constant or variable.
- the rods may be arranged to emit light rays along the rod (i.e.
- the semiconductor material may comprise silicon.
- the electroluminescent elements are distributed in different selectively activatable light emission zones, each pixel thus being formed by a selectively activatable zone. Such a pixelated light source has advantages of space and life, and to reach very high resolutions.
- the pixelated light source can be coupled to a control unit for the light emission of the pixelated light source.
- the control unit can thus control (control) the generation (for example the emission) and / or the projection of a pixilated light beam by the light device.
- the control unit can be integrated into the luminous device.
- the control unit can be mounted on the light source, the assembly thus forming a light module.
- the control unit may comprise a processor (or CPU), which is coupled with a memory on which is stored a computer program which includes data processing devices. instructions for the processor to perform steps generating signals for controlling the light source to execute the method.
- the control unit can thus for example individually control the light emission of each pixel of a pixelated light source.
- the control unit can form an electronic device capable of controlling electroluminescent elements.
- the control unit can be an integrated circuit.
- An integrated circuit also called electronic chip, is an electronic component reproducing one or more electronic functions and can integrate several types of basic electronic components, for example in a reduced volume (ie on a small plate). This makes the circuit easy to implement.
- the integrated circuit may be for example an ASIC or an ASSP.
- An ASIC (acronym for "Application-Specific Integrated Circuit") is an integrated circuit developed for at least one specific application (that is to say for a client).
- An ASIC is therefore a specialized integrated circuit (microelectronics). In general, it brings together a large number of unique or tailor-made features.
- An ASSP (acronym for "Application Specifies Standard Product") is an integrated electronic circuit (microelectronics) grouping a large number of features to satisfy a generally standardized application.
- An ASIC is designed for a more specific (specific) need than an ASSP.
- the electricity supply of the electroluminescent source, and therefore of the electroluminescent elements, is achieved via the electronic device, itself supplied with electricity using, for example, at least one connector connecting it to a source of electricity.
- the electronic device then supplies the electroluminescent elements with electricity. The electronic device is thus able to control the electroluminescent elements.
- the properties of an image projected on the road that can be provided by the configuration of the light device so as to improve the visibility of the image are now discussed.
- the image shows one or more of the properties discussed, for example all these properties.
- the image can be projected in a projection area located at any point of the road, for example in an area between 3 and 15 meters at the front of the vehicle.
- the configuration of the light device also allows it to project on the road to 50 meters a relatively clear image so visible and / or resolution sufficient to carry details.
- the image can have a contrast between 1.5 and 4.
- LMAX is the maximum luminance in the image and LMIN is the minimum luminance in the image.
- LMAX can correspond to the luminance of the image pattern (respectively of the perimeter of the pattern) and LMIN to the luminance of the perimeter of the pattern (respectively of the pattern of the image).
- LMAX corresponds to the luminance of the image pattern, which is therefore more illuminated than its periphery and thus made particularly visible.
- the contrast can be adapted to the function of the image.
- the contrast may be above a predetermined threshold when the image is intended to over-intensify an existing gradient mark (because it is too old or tainted by tire marks) or to create help information. to driving, in particular textual and / or symbolic information. Observations have shown that the image becomes particularly visible and effective when the contrast of the image in the scene reaches a value greater than 1.5 or 2 and / or less than 4.
- the level of luminous intensity corresponding to the interior of the image can be 2.5 times to 5 times higher than the level of luminous intensity (and thus of illuminance on the ground ) corresponding outside the image.
- a negative contrast may also apply.
- the contrast of the image can be constant.
- a constant contrast of the image means that the contrast knows substantially no local variations along the contours of the image pattern. This allows a good visual comfort, the visibility of the image being homogeneous.
- the light intensity corresponding to the outside of the image may vary.
- the light intensity corresponding to the interior of the image pattern may itself vary, to ensure a locally constant contrast at the contours of the pattern.
- the pixelated light beam can project on at least a portion of the road global lighting corresponding to an increasing light intensity depending on the distance from the light device.
- This part of the road may be the area beyond 15 meters.
- An area between 3 and 15 meters can correspond to a constant luminous intensity, to form a luminous background making it possible to clearly distinguish the image according to the principles explained previously. With the exception of such areas corresponding to a constant light intensity, even in the absence of an image, the light intensity produced by the light device can vary spatially.
- the light device can then increase the intensity in directions that hit the ground at distances that are moving away.
- FIG. 1 shows the application of the above formula for two local areas 201 and 202 different from the road 203. This allows to have a substantially constant illumination or does not decrease too much depending on the distance.
- the image can be formed simply by multiplying the light intensity corresponding to the overall illumination (i.e., the nominal light intensity value) by a predetermined constant.
- the result of multiplication can be achieved by any means.
- the control unit applies a filter consisting of actually calculating the multiplication.
- the predetermined constant may correspond to the desired contrast.
- the predetermined constant may for example be between 2.5 to 5 to provide a contrast between 1.5 and 4.
- FIG. 2 shows this principle with a contrast of 4 for an image 205 displaying an arrow pattern 207 projected onto the road 203.
- the figure also represents the depth profile (or “vertical") of light intensity 220, corresponding to the axis 225, and the transverse profile (or “horizontal") 210 of light intensity, corresponding to the axis 215. It can be seen in the figure that the vertical profile l of light intensity 220 can be modified but while keeping the increase intensity to keep the lighting on the ground that does not decrease too much. It is then noted that the image 205 obtained visually maintains a constant contrast.
- the light device By multiplying the luminous intensity by a va their constant, the light device thus ensures in a simple manner a uniform contrast over the entire image and sufficient to make the image visible to the driver without causing inconvenience.
- the light device may darken a pattern outline 208 of the image. This makes the pattern even more visible.
- the light device can limit the levels of illumination in areas adjacent to the pattern, for example by having a low level of illumination in the field, or having a variable level of illumination which decreases gradually until the image (for example sufficiently progressive so as not to create a lack of homogeneity). This is illustrated by FIG. 3 which shows a horizontal intensity profile 212 different from the profile 210 of FIG. 2 in that a darkening corresponding to a localized light intensity drop 209 is made for the areas near the outlines 208 of the image pattern.
- the image may have a resolution between 0.025 ° and 0.75 °.
- the resolution can be defined as the difference between the centers of two contiguous pixels, horizontal and / or vertical.
- a resolution between 0.025 ° and 0.75 ° allows a fine and / or detailed image. This allows for example the display of an image equal in size to 1/5 of the width of the road 50 meters from the light device.
- the light device is therefore capable of projecting a visible image at 50 meters.
- the projected image is made by projection of pixels.
- each pixel center can be distant from an angular distance of between 0.025 ° and 0.75 °, for example 0.05 °.
- the spatial frequency thus obtained is sufficient for the ground details to be sufficiently visible by the driver.
- An image (e.g., image 205 of the arrow of FIG.2) may have a characteristic angular size of the order of 0.5 °. 100 pixels (10 x 10) then project the image.
- the image may have a sharpness of between 0.075 ° and 0.2 °, for example greater than 0.075 ° or 0.1 ° and / or less than 0.15 ° or 0.2 °.
- the sharpness corresponds to the angular spacing, in a variation of intensity corresponding to a segment of an image, between the point at 10% of the variation and the point at 90% of the variation.
- the sharpness can be is described by the angular difference that characterizes a variation of intensity between 10% and 90% of the total variation.
- FIG. 4 illustrates this difference 402 for a light intensity profile 410.
- a sharpness between 0.075 ° and 0.2 ° allows a good visibility of the image while ensuring a good homogeneity of the lighting. Pixels may not be visible. The image remains visible and the pattern shown remains recognizable.
- the sharpness may have a decreasing value depending on the distance of the image from the light device.
- the value can be decreasing according to the overall distance of the image from the light device. Within an image, the sharpness can be substantially fixed, or decreasing again depending on the distance from the light device.
- the sharpness may depend on the field of view and more particularly on the projection distance of the image.
- the sharpness can be between 0.075 ° and 0.125 °, for example of the order 0.1 °.
- the sharpness can be content between 0.15 ° and 0.2 °.
- the profile 410 of FIG. 4 is therefore well suited for a distance of the same high image, for example even greater than 10 meters or of the order of 25 meters.
- the light device can achieve such image properties for example with a pixelated light source in the form of a monolithic electroluminescent source, for example a monolithic array of pixels.
- the pixelated source may be of suitable size.
- the size of the light source may be related to the required field of view.
- the light source can be divided into a multitude of pixels that can light individually.
- the pixelated light source can then be placed at the focus of an optical system. When a pixel is lit, the associated beam zone lights up.
- the expected resolution can therefore be related to the size of each pixel.
- the pixels may each have a size of the order of 40 micrometers ( ⁇ ).
- the intensity distribution (and in particular the contrast of the image) can be ensured by controlling the luminance emitted by the pixel.
- This same luminance can it itself be determined by the average current density which passes through the pixel, for example by variation of the peak current density, or by variation of the pulse width modulation on / off ratio M LI ("Pulse Width Modulation") or PWM in English).
- the sharpness can be determined by the combination of the sharpness of the source itself (luminance profile) and that of the optical system.
- the optical system can be optimized to adjust the sharpness of the images projected at short distance, for example at a distance of about 10 meters (between 4 and 10 °) and those projected at 50 meters (about 1 °).
- FIG. 5 shows a schematic example of a light module comprising a pixelated light source.
- the light device may comprise such a light module.
- the light module 100 comprises the high-density monolithic light emitting source 120, a printed circuit board (PCB) 140 which supports the source 120 and a control unit 190 which controls the electroluminescent elements of the light source. monolithic light source 120. Any other support that a PCB can be considered.
- the control unit 190 may be at any other place, even outside the light module 100.
- the control unit 190 is represented in the form of an ASIC, but other types of control unit may implement the functions of the light module.
- FIG. 6 shows a schematic example of a light device used to produce a pixelated light beam.
- the light device 200 comprises a pixelated light source 12.
- the light source 12 is in the form of a matrix of pixelated light sources. This matrix comprises a multitude of pixels P located in a plane ⁇ which extends in two directions (y, z).
- the pixels P can have different sizes or the same size.
- the pixels P can be aligned horizontally along the y axis and / or vertically along the z axis.
- a first pixel group Gl of the matrix is intended for projecting global lighting and a second pixel group G2 is intended to form a pattern, an arrow in the example, for example to indicate a turn to the driver.
- Each pixel P can be individually controlled, therefore the light intensity and the illumination can be controlled in all or nothing or linear manner.
- the light source 12 is associated with an optical system 14 for projecting light onto the stage.
- the optical system 14 has a focal area coincident with the plane ⁇ of the pixel matrix.
- FIG. 7 shows a schematic example of projection of a light beam pixelated by a vehicle, seen in perspective.
- the motor vehicle 1 is provided with two projectors 4 which may or each comprise at least one light device 7 configured to project each a pixelated light beam 10 on a scene 5 located in front of the vehicle 1.
- the pixelated light beam 10 is in the example configured to form a global lighting 6.
- the global lighting 6 may be regulatory.
- the pixelated light beam 10 is also configured to form the pattern 9.
- the illumination of the pattern 9 is also regulatory. In the example, it is higher than the illumination of the first portion 9 around it, which makes it visible by positive contrast.
- the pattern 9 is in the example an image containing textual and symbolic information for driving assistance.
- the image 9 relates in particular to the speed of the vehicle.
- the light device 7 can alternatively project signaling information or a guide information of the driver of the vehicle 1.
- the device 7 can also in other examples project all kinds of patterns, project patterns outside the first portion 6, and / or projecting patterns by negative contrast. In other examples, the overall lighting may not be shared in this way.
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Abstract
The invention relates in particular to a motor vehicle (1) light device (7) comprising a pixelated light source and an optical system arranged for projecting a pixelated light beam (10) emitted by the pixelated light source, the projection of the pixelated light beam onto the road including an image (9) having a contrast of between 1.5 and 4, resolution of between 0.025 degrees and 0.75 degrees and/or a sharpness of between 0.075 degrees and 0.2 degrees.
Description
DISPOSITIF LUMINEUX DE VÉHICULE AUTOMOBILE COMPORTANT UNE SOURCE LUMINEUSE PIXÉLISÉE ET PROCÉDÉ DE PROJECTION D'UN FAISCEAU LUMINEUX PIXÉLISÉ PAR LEDIT DISPOSITIF LUMINEUX DE VÉHICULE LUMINOUS DEVICE OF A MOTOR VEHICLE COMPRISING A PIXELIZED LIGHT SOURCE AND METHOD FOR PROJECTING A LIGHT BEAM PIXELED BY SAID LUMINOUS VEHICLE DEVICE
AUTOMOBILE AUTOMOBILE
DOMAINE DE L'INVENTION FIELD OF THE INVENTION
L'invention se rapporte au domaine de la projection d'un faisceau lumineux pixélisé par un dispositif lumineux de véhicule automobile. The invention relates to the field of the projection of a pixelated light beam by a light device of a motor vehicle.
ARRIERE-PLAN BACKGROUND
La projection d'un faisceau lumineux par un dispositif lumineux de véhicule automobile permet classiquement d'éclairer la route avec un éclairage global et ainsi d'augmenter la visibilité en cas d'obscurité, par exemple de nuit. Cela permet une conduite sécurisée du véhicule. The projection of a light beam by a light device of a motor vehicle conventionally allows to illuminate the road with a global lighting and thus to increase the visibility in case of darkness, for example at night. This allows secure driving of the vehicle.
Les développements récents dans le domaine de ces dispositifs lumineux permettent de produire un faisceau lumineux pixélisé pour réaliser cet éclairage. Recent developments in the field of these luminous devices can produce a pixelated light beam to achieve this lighting.
Avec un tel faisceau lumineux, le dispositif lumineux peut également réaliser des fonctions d'éclairage localisées, par exemple projeter un motif sur la scène. De telles fonctions sont connues du domaine de l'éclairage adaptatif. On connaît par exemple l'éclairage non éblouissant (« glare free » en anglais), consistant par exem ple à assombrir une zone correspondant à un véhicule venant de face pour ne pas éblouir cet autre usager. On connaît également l'éclairage aidant à la conduite, consistant par exemple à sur-intensifier les marquages au sol ou panneaux de signalisation pour qu'ils soient plus visibles du conducteur et/ou à projeter sur la route une ou plusieurs informations visibles du conducteur. With such a light beam, the light device can also perform localized lighting functions, for example project a pattern on the scene. Such functions are known in the field of adaptive lighting. For example, glare free lighting is known, for example by darkening an area corresponding to a vehicle coming from the front so as not to dazzle this other user. Also known is the lighting assisting driving, for example by over-intensifying the markings on the ground or road signs so that they are more visible to the driver and / or to project on the road one or more visible information of the driver. .
Dans ce contexte, il existe un besoin pour améliorer la projection d'un faisceau lumineux pixélisé par un dispositif lumineux de véhicule automobile. In this context, there is a need to improve the projection of a pixelated light beam by a light device of a motor vehicle.
RESUME DE L'INVENTION SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
On propose pour cela un procédé de projection d'un faisceau lumineux pixélisé par un dispositif lumineux de véhicule automobile, ainsi qu'un dispositif lumineux de véhicule automobile configuré pour exécuter le procédé. For this purpose, a method for projecting a pixelated light beam by a motor vehicle light device is proposed, as well as a motor vehicle light device configured to execute the method.
Le dispositif lumineux comporte une source lumineuse pixélisée et un système optique agencé pour la projection d'un faisceau lumineux pixélisé émis par la source lumineuse pixélisée. La projection du faisceau lumineux pixélisé sur la route inclut
une image. L'image présente un contraste compris entre 1,5 et 4, une résolution comprise entre 0,025° et 0,75°, et/ou une netteté comprise entre 0,075° et 0,2°. Le dispositif lumineux est donc apte à projeter sur la route une image qui présente toute combinaison d'au moins l'une de ces caractéristiques. The light device comprises a pixelated light source and an optical system arranged for projecting a pixelated light beam emitted by the pixelated light source. Pixelized light beam projection on the road includes a picture. The image has a contrast between 1.5 and 4, a resolution between 0.025 ° and 0.75 °, and / or a sharpness between 0.075 ° and 0.2 °. The light device is therefore able to project on the road an image that has any combination of at least one of these characteristics.
Un tel dispositif améliore la projection d'un faisceau lumineux pixélisé par un dispositif lumineux de véhicule automobile. Such a device improves the projection of a pixelated light beam by a light device of a motor vehicle.
Le dispositif s'inscrit dans les technologies de projection d'un faisceau lumineux pixélisé. Un tel faisceau lumineux permet, grâce à son caractère pixélisé, de projeter un ou plusieurs motifs lorsque cela est souhaité. The device is part of the projection technologies of a pixelated light beam. Such a light beam allows, thanks to its pixelated character, to project one or more patterns when desired.
Une image projetée sur la route contient un motif visible à l'œil nu, destiné par exemple au conducteur et/ou à d'autres usagers. Une image peut ainsi servir à transmettre une information à la personne qui voit l'image. Cette information peut être une information d'aide à la conduite, par exemple destinée au conducteur. Une image permet ainsi d'améliorer le confort et/ou la sécurité. An image projected on the road contains a pattern visible to the naked eye, intended for example to the driver and / or to other users. An image can thus be used to transmit information to the person who sees the image. This information may be driver assistance information, for example for the driver. An image thus makes it possible to improve comfort and / or safety.
Le dispositif lumineux permet de projeter une image d'une qualité particulièrement bonne. En effet, les propriétés de contraste, de résolution et/ou de netteté respectées par le dispositif lumineux permettent une bonne visibilité de l'image dans un contexte routier. Le dispositif lumineux peut ainsi transmettre des informations détaillées et précises de manière efficace, ce qui améliore d'autant plus le confort et/ou la sécurité. The luminous device makes it possible to project an image of particularly good quality. Indeed, the contrast properties, resolution and / or sharpness observed by the light device allow good visibility of the image in a road context. The light device can thus transmit detailed and accurate information in an efficient manner, which further improves the comfort and / or safety.
Selon différents modes de réalisation, toute combinaison d'au moins l'une des caractéristiques suivantes peut être implémentée : According to different embodiments, any combination of at least one of the following features can be implemented:
le contraste de l'image est sensiblement constant ; the contrast of the image is substantially constant;
le faisceau lumineux pixélisé projette sur au moins une partie de la route un éclairage global correspondant à une intensité lumineuse croissante en fonction de la distance par rapport au dispositif lumineux, l'image correspondant à une multiplication de l'intensité lumineuse correspondant à l'éclairage global par une constante prédéterminée ; la constante prédéterminée est comprise entre 2,5 et 5 ; the pixelized light beam projects on a part of the road a global illumination corresponding to an increasing luminous intensity as a function of the distance with respect to the luminous device, the image corresponding to a multiplication of the luminous intensity corresponding to the illumination global by a predetermined constant; the predetermined constant is between 2.5 and 5;
- le faisceau lumineux pixélisé assombrit un contour de motif de l'image ;
la netteté a une valeur décroissante en fonction de la distance de l'image par rapport au dispositif lumineux ; the pixelated light beam darkens a pattern outline of the image; the sharpness has a decreasing value as a function of the distance of the image from the luminous device;
la netteté est comprise entre 0,075° et 0,125° lorsque la distance de l'image par rapport au dispositif lumineux est de l'ordre de 50 mètres ; - la netteté est comprise entre 0,15° et 0,2° lorsque la distance de l'image par rapport au dispositif lumineux est de l'ordre de 10 mètres ; the sharpness is between 0.075 ° and 0.125 ° when the distance of the image from the light device is of the order of 50 meters; the sharpness is between 0.15 ° and 0.2 ° when the distance of the image from the luminous device is of the order of 10 meters;
la source lumineuse est formée par une matrice de sources lumineuses individuelles qui s'étendent dans un même plan ; et/ou the light source is formed by a matrix of individual light sources which extend in the same plane; and or
les sources lumineuses individuelles présentent chacune une taille de 40 micromètres pour une focale de 45 millimètres et une résolution de 0,05°. the individual light sources each have a size of 40 micrometers for a focal length of 45 millimeters and a resolution of 0.05 °.
Le procédé peut comprendre la projection sur la route d'une ou plusieurs telle(s) image(s), par exemple à un ou plusieurs instant(s). The method may include the projection on the road of one or more such (s) image (s), for example at one or more instant (s).
On propose également un programme d'ordinateur comprenant des instructions de code de programme pour l'exécution du procédé. Le procédé est exécuté lorsque le programme est exécuté par une unité de contrôle de projection sur une scène d'un faisceau lumineux pixélisé par un dispositif lumineux de véhicule terrestre tel que ci-dessus comportant l'unité de contrôle couplée à la source lumineuse There is also provided a computer program including program code instructions for executing the method. The method is executed when the program is executed by a projection control unit on a scene of a pixelated light beam by a land vehicle light device as above comprising the control unit coupled to the light source
On propose également une telle unité de contrôle. L'unité de contrôle comporte un processeur associé à une mémoire ayant enregistré le programme. Such a control unit is also proposed. The control unit has a processor associated with a memory having recorded the program.
BREVE DESCRIPTION DES FIGURES BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE FIGURES
Différents modes de réalisation de l'invention vont maintenant être décrits, à titre d'exemples nullement limitatifs, en se référant aux dessins annexés dans lesquels : Various embodiments of the invention will now be described, by way of non-limiting examples, with reference to the appended drawings in which:
- Les FIGs 1-4 illustrent des exem ples de propriétés d'image obtenues par le dispositif lumineux ; FIGS. 1-4 illustrate exemplary image properties obtained by the light device;
La FIG. 5 montre un exemple schématique de module lumineux comprenant une source lumineuse pixélisée ; FIG. 5 shows a schematic example of a light module comprising a pixelated light source;
La FIG. 6 montre un exemple schématique de dispositif lumineux utilisé pour produire un faisceau lumineux pixélisé ; et
La FIG. 7 montre un exemple schématique de projection d'un faiscea u lumineux pixélisé par un véhicule. FIG. 6 shows a schematic example of a light device used to produce a pixelated light beam; and FIG. 7 shows a schematic example of projection of a light beam pixelated by a vehicle.
DESCRIPTION DETAILLEE DETAILED DESCRIPTION
Le véhicule a utomobile peut être tout type de véhicule terrestre, par exemple une automobile (voiture), une motocyclette, ou un camion. Le véhicule peut être équipé d'un ou plusieurs projecteur(s) avant et/ou d'un ou plusieurs projecteur(s) arrière. L'un ou plusieurs des projecteurs avant et/ou arrière peuvent comprendre chacun un ou plusieurs dispositif(s) lumineux configuré(s) chacun pour projeter un faisceau lumineux pixélisé. La projection d'un faisceau lumineux pixélisé trouve un intérêt particulier lorsqu'elle est réalisée par un dispositif lumineux de projecteur avant. The vehicle may be any type of land vehicle, for example an automobile (car), a motorcycle, or a truck. The vehicle may be equipped with one or more front headlamp (s) and / or one or more rear headlamp (s). One or more of the front and / or rear headlamps may each comprise one or more luminous device (s) each configured to project a pixelated light beam. The projection of a pixelated light beam is of particular interest when it is performed by a front projector light device.
Pour un dispositif lumineux donné, la projection peut se faire sur une scène. La scène ou « scène de route » est l'environnement du véhicule susceptible d'être éclairé par le dispositif lumineux. For a given light device, the projection can be done on a stage. The scene or "road scene" is the environment of the vehicle likely to be illuminated by the light device.
Le dispositif lumineux peut réaliser une fonction d'éclairage global sur au moins une partie de la scène. La partie de la scène ainsi éclairée par l'éclairage global peut correspondre à un champ de vision de conduite, rendu visible ou plus visible au conducteur afin de lui faciliter ou de lui permettre la conduite. L'éclairage global peut ainsi être par exem ple une fonction de feu de route ou une fonction de feu de croisement. L'éclairage global peut être réglementaire, c'est-à-dire qu'il peut répondre à un règlement national ou communautaire fixant une grille photométrique à respecter. Le règlement peut par exemple être le règlement ECE R98, R112, R113 ou R123. The light device can perform a global lighting function on at least a part of the scene. The part of the scene thus illuminated by the global lighting may correspond to a driving field of vision, made visible or more visible to the driver to facilitate or allow him to drive. The overall illumination can thus be for example a high beam function or a low beam function. The global lighting may be regulatory, that is to say it may meet a national or Community regulation setting a photometric grid to be respected. The regulation may for example be regulation ECE R98, R112, R113 or R123.
L'éclairage global peut correspondre à une distribution de valeurs d'intensité lumineuse sur la source du faisceau lumineux pixélisé correspondant à une distribution globalement régulière de valeurs de référence d'éclairement sur la scène. On parle alors de valeurs d'intensité lumineuse « nominales » et d'éclairage « nominal ». Ces valeurs d'intensité lumineuse nominales peuvent de manière connue varier selon un ensemble d'un ou plusieurs paramètres globaux à l'environnement de conduite. Lorsque le dispositif lumineux ne réalise que la
fonction d'éclairage global et la réalise parfaitement, l'éclairement est tel que les valeurs d'intensité lumineuse nominales sont effectivement distribuées (la valeur nominale étant nulle pour une partie de la scène non éclairée). L'éclairage global peut être réalisé par le faisceau lumineux pixélisé et/ou par un autre faisceau lumineux. The overall illumination may correspond to a distribution of luminous intensity values on the source of the pixelated light beam corresponding to a generally regular distribution of illuminance reference values on the scene. These are called "nominal" light intensity values and "nominal" lighting. These nominal light intensity values may in known manner vary according to a set of one or more global parameters to the driving environment. When the light device only realizes global lighting function and performs it perfectly, the illumination is such that the nominal light intensity values are effectively distributed (the nominal value being zero for part of the scene unlit). The overall illumination can be achieved by the pixelated light beam and / or by another light beam.
Un faisceau lumineux pixélisé est de manière connue un faisceau lumineux subdivisé en sous-faisceaux lumineux élémentaires appelés « pixels ». La subdivision peut être quelconque, par exemple former une grille présentant une dimension en azimut et une dimension en profondeur (ou éloignement) par rapport à la position du véhicule. Chaque pixel est contrôlable individuellement par le dispositif lumineux dans une mesure permettant de projeter au moins un motif sur la scène. Un motif est une zone localisée de la scène pour laquelle la valeur de l'intensité lumineuse s'écarte de la valeur nominale et créée un contraste localisé dans la scène. Un motif peut être distinguable on non distinguable à l'œil nu. Le dispositif lumineux peut ainsi contrôler la projection d'un ou plusieurs motif(s) à un ou plusieurs instant(s) et/ou à un ou plusieurs emplacement(s) de la scène. Le dispositif lumineux peut par exemple alterner entre des phases où seule la fonction d'éclairage global est réalisée et des phases où un motif est projeté en plus de la fonction d'éclairage global. A pixelated light beam is in known manner a light beam subdivided into elementary light sub-beams called "pixels". The subdivision may be arbitrary, for example forming a grid having an azimuth dimension and a depth dimension (or distance) with respect to the position of the vehicle. Each pixel is controllable individually by the light device to a extent that projects at least one pattern onto the scene. A pattern is a localized area of the scene where the value of the light intensity deviates from the nominal value and creates a localized contrast in the scene. A pattern may be distinguishable or not distinguishable by the naked eye. The light device can thus control the projection of one or more pattern (s) at one or more instant (s) and / or at one or more location (s) of the scene. The light device can for example alternate between phases where only the global lighting function is performed and phases where a pattern is projected in addition to the global lighting function.
Chaque pixel du faisceau lumineux pixélisé se projette sur une zone correspondante de la scène, également appelée « pixel ». Le dispositif lumineux peut contrôler individuellement l'intensité lumineuse de la source de chaque pixel du faisceau lumineux pixélisé pour ainsi contrôler individuellement l'éclairement de chaque pixel de la scène. Le dispositif lumineux peut diviser la scène en plus de 10 pixels, plus de 50 pixels, ou, pour une projection implémentant des fonctions avancées, plus de 500 pixels (par exemple de l'ordre de 1000 pixels ou plus de 1000 pixels). Le faisceau lumineux pixélisé peut par exemple assombrir un ou plusieurs groupes d'un ou plusieurs pixels, et/ou sur-illuminer un ou plusieurs groupes d'un ou plusieurs pixels par rapport à une valeur d'intensité lumineuse en cours, par exemple la valeur nominale. Un assombrissement de pixel est une diminution à un
instant donné de l'éclairement dans le pixel. Il est donc à noter que l'assombrissement d'un pixel n'implique pas nécessairement l'arrêt de l'éclairage du pixel. Une sur-illumination de pixel est une augmentation à un instant donné de l'éclairement dans le pixel. Le contraste du motif par rapport à son pourtour peut donc être positif ou négatif. La résolution d'un motif peut être de l'ordre du pixel. La taille du motif peut être inférieure à 25% ou 10% de l'ensemble des pixels de la scène. Each pixel of the pixelated light beam is projected on a corresponding area of the scene, also called "pixel". The light device can individually control the light intensity of the source of each pixel of the pixelated light beam and thus individually control the illumination of each pixel of the scene. The light device can divide the scene into more than 10 pixels, more than 50 pixels, or, for a projection implementing advanced functions, more than 500 pixels (for example of the order of 1000 pixels or more than 1000 pixels). For example, the pixelated light beam may darken one or more groups of one or more pixels, and / or over-illuminate one or more groups of one or more pixels with respect to a current light intensity value, for example the nominal value. A pixel darkening is a decrease to a given instant of illumination in the pixel. It should therefore be noted that the darkening of a pixel does not necessarily imply stopping the illumination of the pixel. Over-illumination of pixels is an increase at a given moment in the illumination in the pixel. The contrast of the pattern with respect to its periphery can therefore be positive or negative. The resolution of a pattern may be of the order of the pixel. The size of the pattern may be less than 25% or 10% of all pixels in the scene.
La taille du motif peut être égale ou supérieure à un pixel. Pour un motif donné projeté à un instant donné, un ou plusieurs pixels de la scène - ou de manière équivalente du faisceau lumineux - correspondent au motif. Une distribution d'une ou plusieurs intensité(s) lumineuse(s) respective(s) au motif est ainsi associée à chaque pixel et forme le motif. Un procédé peut donc projeter le motif en une zone de la scène en fournissant au dispositif lumineux une consigne d'intensité lumineuse qui correspond au motif, pour chaque pixel concerné de la scène. La consigne d'intensité lumineuse peut être toute structure de données relative à l'intensité lumineuse, par exemple une valeur d'intensité lumineuse à appliquer pour le centre du pixel, une distribution spatiale et/ou temporelle de valeurs à appliquer pour un même pixel, et/ou des données indirectement liées à l'intensité lumineuse et pouvant être traduites en intensité lumineuse (comme par exemple des données relatives à l'éclairement dans le pixel). Lorsque la consigne est respectée pour tous les pixels correspondant au motif, le motif est pleinement projeté sur la scène. Plusieurs motifs peuvent être projetés simultanément, avec ou sans chevauchement spatial. Le cas d'un chevauchement spatial peut être géré de toute manière. Par exemple, un motif peut avoir la priorité sur un autre. Alternativement, le dispositif lumineux peut être configuré pour trouver un compromis dans les éclairements à appliquer sur un pixel inclus dans le chevauchement. The size of the pattern can be one pixel or more. For a given pattern projected at a given moment, one or more pixels of the scene - or equivalent of the light beam - correspond to the pattern. A distribution of one or more respective light intensity (s) to the pattern is thus associated with each pixel and forms the pattern. A method can therefore project the pattern into an area of the scene by providing the light device with a light intensity reference that corresponds to the pattern for each pixel of the scene. The luminous intensity reference may be any data structure relating to the luminous intensity, for example a value of luminous intensity to be applied for the center of the pixel, a spatial and / or temporal distribution of values to be applied for the same pixel , and / or data indirectly related to the light intensity and which can be translated into light intensity (such as for example data relating to the illumination in the pixel). When the set point is respected for all pixels corresponding to the pattern, the pattern is fully projected on the stage. Several patterns can be projected simultaneously, with or without spatial overlap. The case of spatial overlap can be managed anyway. For example, one pattern may have priority over another. Alternatively, the light device can be configured to find a compromise in the illumination to be applied to a pixel included in the overlap.
La projection du motif peut améliorer une situation de conduite. Une situation de conduite peut correspondre à un ensemble de paramètres de conduite, pa r exemple incluant des paramètres environnementaux et/ou architecturaux relatifs à
la route, des paramètres systèmes du véhicule et/ou d'autres véhicules, et/ou des paramètres relatifs à l'état de la route. L'amélioration peut consister en une projection du motif augmentant le confort et/ou aidant le conducteur du véhicule projetant le motif et/ou d'autres usagers (par exemple un autre conducteur d'un ou plusieurs autre(s) véhicule(s) et/ou un ou plusieurs piétons). La projection du motif peut accomplir cette amélioration en réalisant l'une ou plusieurs des fonctions suivantes : une fonction de projection d'information créée à l'attention du conducteur et/ou d'autres usagers, une fonction de mise en évidence ou de surbrillance d'objet(s) dans la scène, et/ou une fonction de non éblouissement de toute personne (par exemple d'un ou plusieurs autres usagers). Un tel motif permet de faciliter la conduite et/ou d'augmenter la sécurité, du point de vue du véhicule émetteur et/ou des autres véhicules en circulation à l'instant où le motif est projeté. Pattern projection can improve a driving situation. A driving situation may correspond to a set of driving parameters, for example including environmental and / or architectural parameters relating to road, system parameters of the vehicle and / or other vehicles, and / or parameters relating to the condition of the road. The improvement may consist of a projection of the motive increasing the comfort and / or helping the driver of the vehicle projecting the motive and / or other users (for example another driver of one or more other vehicle (s) and / or one or more pedestrians). The projection of the pattern can accomplish this improvement by performing one or more of the following functions: an information projection function created for the attention of the driver and / or other users, a highlighting or highlighting function of object (s) in the scene, and / or a non-glare function of any person (for example of one or more other users). Such a pattern makes it easier to drive and / or increase safety, from the point of view of the transmitting vehicle and / or other vehicles in circulation at the moment when the pattern is projected.
Un motif peut avoir pour fonction d'éviter l'éblouissement d'un autre usager ou du conducteur par assombrissement d'une zone de la scène correspondant à cet autre usager et/ou à un panneau réfléchissant. Grâce à cela, le dispositif lumineux peut par exemple fonctionner de manière continue en feu de route, le dispositif lumineux assurant l'assombrissement dès qu'un autre véhicule vient de face. Cela assure un confort de conduite et une visibilité élevés et cela augmente donc la sécurité. One reason may be to avoid dazzling another user or the driver by darkening an area of the scene corresponding to the other user and / or a reflective panel. Thanks to this, the light device can for example operate continuously in high beam, the light device ensuring the darkening as soon as another vehicle comes from the front. This ensures high driving comfort and visibility and therefore increases safety.
Un motif peut former une image projetée au sol, par exemple sur la route. Une image est un motif qui est visible, c'est-à-dire distinguable, par exemple par le conducteur et/ou d'autres usagers. L'image peut avoir l'une ou plusieurs des fonctions suivantes : sur-intensifier des marquages du sol (par exemple des lignes et/ou flèches, par exemple par sur-illumination de sorte à permettre d'augmenter leur contraste et donc leur visibilité) ; souligner un bas-côté de la route empruntée par le véhicule ; créer une représentation bornant la route (par exemple lorsque qu'un marquage est absent) ; créer un marquage correspondant à la dimension du véhicule (ce qui permet d'identifier la trajectoire du véhicule - en intégrant éventuellement l'angle volant- formant ainsi un équivalent à l'avant des caméras de
recul) ; et/ou afficher une ou plusieurs informations de tout type offrant une assistance pour le conducteur (par exemple concernant la sécurité, les dangers, ou encore des données liées à la conduite, telles qu'une vitesse ou une direction). A pattern can form an image projected on the ground, for example on the road. An image is a pattern that is visible, that is to say, distinguishable, for example by the driver and / or other users. The image may have one or more of the following functions: over-intensify soil markings (for example lines and / or arrows, for example by over-illumination so as to increase their contrast and thus their visibility ); point out a side of the road used by the vehicle; create a representation bounding the road (for example when a marking is missing); create a marking corresponding to the size of the vehicle (which makes it possible to identify the trajectory of the vehicle - possibly integrating the flying angle - thus forming an equivalent at the front of the cameras of hindsight); and / or displaying one or more information of any type offering assistance to the driver (for example concerning safety, dangers, or data related to driving, such as speed or direction).
Le motif peut correspondre par exemple à une zone localisée plus éclairée que le reste de la scène autour, et/ou à une zone localisée moins éclairée que le reste de la scène autour ou pas éclairée du tout. Dans le cas où la zone localisée est sur la route même, le motif peut correspondre à une zone localisée éclairée. Cela permet au conducteur de continuer à voir la route même dans la zone et maintient ainsi la sécurité de la conduite. Dans le cas où le motif est à l'attention du conducteur du véhicule, le motif peut correspondre à une zone localisée plus éclairée que le reste de la scène. Cela permet une plus grande visibilité pour le conducteur. Egalement, un contour du motif peut être assombri. Cela augmente encore le contraste et donc la visibilité du motif. Le motif peut par exemple former une image projetée sur la route à l'attention du conducteur du véhicule. Dans ce cas, un contraste positif du motif par rapport à son pourtour permet une visualisation particulièrement bonne. Dans un autre exemple, le motif peut correspondre à un autre véhicule (automobile ou non), par exemple venant de face. Dans ce cas, le motif peut correspondre à l'emplacement occupé par cet autre véhicule dans la scène. Un assombrissement impliquant un contraste négatif du motif par rapport à son pourtour permet de ne pas éblouir cet autre usager et ainsi de sécuriser la route. De manière similaire, le motif peut correspondre à l'emplacement occupé par un panneau ou autre objet réfléchissant. Un assombrissement de ce panneau permet d'éviter les réflexions et donc l'éblouissement du conducteur et/ou d'autres usagers. The pattern may correspond, for example, to a localized area that is brighter than the rest of the scene around it, and / or to a localized area that is less lit than the rest of the scene around or not lit at all. In the case where the localized area is on the road itself, the pattern may correspond to an illuminated localized area. This allows the driver to continue to see the road even in the area and thus maintains the safety of driving. In the case where the pattern is to the attention of the driver of the vehicle, the pattern may correspond to a localized area brighter than the rest of the scene. This allows greater visibility for the driver. Also, an outline of the pattern can be darkened. This further increases the contrast and thus the visibility of the pattern. The pattern may for example form a projected image on the road to the attention of the driver of the vehicle. In this case, a positive contrast of the pattern with respect to its periphery allows a particularly good visualization. In another example, the pattern may correspond to another vehicle (automobile or not), for example coming from the front. In this case, the pattern may correspond to the location occupied by this other vehicle in the scene. A darkening involving a negative contrast of the pattern with respect to its periphery makes it possible not to dazzle this other user and thus to secure the road. Similarly, the pattern may correspond to the location occupied by a panel or other reflective object. A darkening of this panel avoids reflections and therefore dazzling driver and / or other users.
Le dispositif peut être configuré pour pouvoir comprendre la projection d'une image contenant une information à l'attention du conducteur dans une zone de projection d'image située au sol à une distance du véhicule de l'ordre de dix mètres. La zone de projection d'image peut par exemple être devant le véhicule. Cette zone est particulièrement bien adaptée pour la projection d'image, notamment pour la projection d'image contenant des informations d'aide à la conduite, parce qu'elle
est particulièrement visible du conducteur tout en lui permettant de continuer à voir la route. The device may be configured to understand the projection of an image containing information to the driver in an image projection area on the ground at a distance of the vehicle of the order of ten meters. The image projection area may for example be in front of the vehicle. This area is particularly well suited for image projection, especially for image projection containing driving assistance information, because it is particularly visible to the driver while allowing him to continue to see the road.
L'éclairement de la zone de projection d'image peut être constant et/ou strictement inférieur à une limite réglementaire, par exemple compris entre 20 lux et 50 lux, par exemple de l'ordre de 30 lux. Cela permet d'afficher une image contenant une information à l'attention du conducteur par sur-illumination par rapport à un fond lumineux moins éclairé (mais éclairé quand même, de sorte à assurer une bonne sécurité), c'est-à-dire par contraste positif, tout en respectant la limite réglementaire et donc en évitant d'éblouir le conducteur ou d'autres usagers. L'éclairement de l'image peut être compris entre 30 lux et 150 lux. Les niveaux d'éclairement mentionnés permettent de distinguer l'information projetée sur un fond lumineux. The illumination of the image projection area may be constant and / or strictly less than a regulatory limit, for example between 20 lux and 50 lux, for example of the order of 30 lux. This makes it possible to display an image containing information for the driver's attention by over-illumination with respect to a less illuminated background light (but illuminated anyway, so as to ensure good security), that is to say in positive contrast, while respecting the regulatory limit and thus avoiding dazzling the driver or other users. The illumination of the image can be between 30 lux and 150 lux. The levels of illumination mentioned make it possible to distinguish the information projected on a luminous background.
Un faisceau lumineux pixélisé peut être projeté par un dispositif lumineux comportant une source lumineuse pixélisée. La source lumineuse peut être apte à coopérer avec un système optique (intégré au dispositif ou non) agencé pour projeter sur la route un faisceau lumineux pixélisé émis par la source lumineuse pixélisée. Le procédé peut comprendre la projection du faisceau lumineux pixélisé avec un tel dispositif lumineux. La même source lumineuse pixélisée peut émettre l'éclairage global et l'image. Une source lumineuse pixélisée est une source lumineuse divisée en plusieurs unités de sources lumineuses contrôlables individuellement. Chaque pixel émis par la source lumineuse pixélisée, et donc chaque unité de source lumineuse, peut correspondre à un pixel du faisceau lumineux pixélisé projeté. Ainsi, l'intensité lumineuse de chaque pixel de la source lumineuse pixélisée et donc l'éclairement de chaque pixel de la scène peuvent être contrôlés individuellement. La source lumineuse pixélisée peut comporter plus de 1000 pixels. Le dispositif lumineux peut ainsi projeter des motifs à haute résolution. A pixelated light beam can be projected by a light device comprising a pixelated light source. The light source may be adapted to cooperate with an optical system (integrated in the device or not) arranged to project on the road a pixilated light beam emitted by the pixelated light source. The method may include projecting the pixelated light beam with such a light device. The same pixelated light source can emit global lighting and image. A pixelated light source is a light source divided into several units of individually controllable light sources. Each pixel emitted by the pixelated light source, and therefore each light source unit, may correspond to a pixel of the projected pixelated light beam. Thus, the luminous intensity of each pixel of the pixelated light source and thus the illumination of each pixel of the scene can be controlled individually. The pixelated light source may have more than 1000 pixels. The light device can thus project high resolution patterns.
La source lumineuse pixélisée peut comprendre une matrice d'unités de sources lumineuses. La matrice peut comprendre une multitude de pixels dans un plan. Dans le cas d'une source lumineuse comprenant une matrice de pixels et coopérant avec un système optique, le système optique peut présenter une zone de
focalisation confondue avec le plan de la matrice de pixels, c'est-à-dire confondu avec la source lumineuse pixélisée. The pixelated light source may include a matrix of light source units. The matrix may include a multitude of pixels in a plane. In the case of a light source comprising a matrix of pixels and cooperating with an optical system, the optical system may have a zone of focus confused with the plane of the pixel matrix, that is to say, confused with the pixelated light source.
La source lumineuse pixélisée peut être de type DMD (acronyme anglais pour « Digital Mirror Device ») où la modulation en rotation de micros-miroirs permet d'obtenir une intensité lumineuse souhaitée dans une direction donnée. La source lumineuse pixélisée peut être de type LCD (acronyme anglais pour « Liquid Crystal Displays ») comprenant une source de lumière surfacique devant laquelle des cristaux liquide sont placés. Le mouvement des cristaux liquide peut autoriser ou interdire le passage de lumière et forme ainsi faisceau lumineux pixélisé. La source lumineuse pixélisée peut être de type laser envoyant un faisceau de rayons de lumière vers un système de balayage qui le répartit sur la surface d'un dispositif de conversion de longueur d'onde, tel qu'une plaque comportant un luminophore. The pixelated light source may be of the DMD (Digital Mirror Device) type where the rotation modulation of micromirrors makes it possible to obtain a desired luminous intensity in a given direction. The pixelated light source may be of LCD type (acronym for "Liquid Crystal Displays") comprising a surface light source in front of which liquid crystals are placed. The movement of liquid crystals may allow or prohibit the passage of light and thus form pixelated light beam. The pixelated light source may be of the laser type sending a beam of light rays to a scanning system which distributes it on the surface of a wavelength conversion device, such as a plate comprising a luminophore.
La source lumineuse pixélisée peut être une source électroluminescente. Une source électroluminescente est une source de lumière à état solide (de l'anglais « solid-state lighting ») qui comprend au moins un élément électroluminescent. Des exemples d'élément électroluminescent incluent la diode électroluminescente ou LED (acronyme anglais pour « Light Emitting Diode »), la diode électroluminescente organique ou OLED (acronyme anglais pour « Organic Light-Emitting Diode »), ou la une diode électroluminescente polymérique ou PLED (acronyme anglais pour « Polymer Light-Emitting Diode »). La source lumineuse pixélisée peut être une source lumineuse à semi-conducteur. Chaque élément électroluminescent ou groupe d'éléments électroluminescents peut former un pixel et peut émettre de la lumière lorsque son ou leur matériau est alimenté en électricité. Les éléments électroluminescents peuvent être chacun semi-conducteur, c'est-à-dire qu'ils comportent chacun au moins un matériau semi-conducteur. Les éléments électroluminescents peuvent être majoritairement en matériau semi-conducteur. On peut donc parler de pixel lumineux lorsqu'un élément électroluminescent ou groupe d'éléments électroluminescents formant un pixel de la source lumineuse pixélisée émet de la lumière. Les éléments électroluminescents peuvent être situés sur un même substrat, par exemple déposés sur le substrat ou obtenus par
croissance et s'étendre à partir du substrat. Le substrat peut être majoritairement en matériau semi-conducteur. Le substrat peut comporter un ou plusieurs autres matériaux, par exemple non semi-conducteurs. The pixelated light source may be an electroluminescent source. An electroluminescent source is a solid-state lighting source which comprises at least one electroluminescent element. Examples of electroluminescent elements include the light emitting diode (LED), the organic light-emitting diode (OLED) or the polymeric light-emitting diode (PLED). (acronym for "Polymer Light-Emitting Diode"). The pixelated light source may be a semiconductor light source. Each electroluminescent element or group of electroluminescent elements may form a pixel and may emit light when its or their material is supplied with electricity. The electroluminescent elements may each be semiconductor, that is to say that they each comprise at least one semiconductor material. The electroluminescent elements may be predominantly of semiconductor material. It is therefore possible to speak of a luminous pixel when an electroluminescent element or group of electroluminescent elements forming a pixel of the pixelated light source emits light. The electroluminescent elements may be located on the same substrate, for example deposited on the substrate or obtained by growth and extend from the substrate. The substrate may be predominantly of semiconductor material. The substrate may comprise one or more other materials, for example non-semiconductors.
La source lumineuse pixélisée peut être électroluminescente à semi- conducteur monolithique. La source peut par exemple être une matrice monolithique de pixels. La source lumineuse peut être par exemple une matrice monolithique de LEDs (traduction du terme anglais « monolithic array of LEDs »). Une matrice monolithique comprend au moins 50 éléments électroluminescents situés sur un même substrat (par exemple sur une même face du substrat), par exemple plus de 100, 1000 ou des milliers. Le substrat peut comporter du saphir et/ou du silicium. Les pixels de la matrice monolithique peuvent être séparés les uns des autres par des lignes (nommées « lanes » en anglais) ou des rues (nommées « streets » en anglais). La matrice monolithique peut donc former une grille de pixels. Une source monolithique est une source ayant une forte densité de pixels. La densité de pixels peut être supérieure ou égale à 400 pixels par centimètre carré (cm2). En d'autres termes, la distance entre le centre d'un premier pixel et le centre d'un deuxième pixel voisin du premier peut être égale ou inférieure à 500 micromètres (μιη). Cette distance est également appelée « pixel pitch » en anglais. The pixelated light source can be electroluminescent with a monolithic semiconductor. The source may for example be a monolithic matrix of pixels. The light source can be for example a monolithic matrix of LEDs (translation of the English term "monolithic array of LEDs"). A monolithic matrix comprises at least 50 electroluminescent elements located on the same substrate (for example on the same face of the substrate), for example more than 100, 1000 or thousands. The substrate may comprise sapphire and / or silicon. The pixels of the monolithic matrix can be separated from each other by lines (called "lanes" in English) or streets (called "streets" in English). The monolithic matrix can thus form a grid of pixels. A monolithic source is a source with a high pixel density. The pixel density may be greater than or equal to 400 pixels per square centimeter (cm 2 ). In other words, the distance between the center of a first pixel and the center of a second pixel neighboring the first pixel may be equal to or less than 500 micrometers (μιη). This distance is also called "pixel pitch" in English.
Dans une première configuration, correspondant notamment au cas d'une matrice monolithique de LEDs, chacun des éléments électroluminescent de la matrice peut être indépendant électriquement des autres et émet ou non de la lumière indépendamment des autres éléments de la matrice. Chaque élément électroluminescent peut ainsi former un pixel. Une telle source lumineuse permet d'atteindre une haute résolution relativement simplement. In a first configuration, corresponding in particular to the case of a monolithic matrix of LEDs, each of the electroluminescent elements of the matrix may be electrically independent of the others and emits light or not regardless of the other elements of the matrix. Each electroluminescent element can thus form a pixel. Such a light source makes it possible to reach a relatively high resolution.
Dans une deuxième configuration, les éléments électroluminescents présentent une forme générale de « bâtonnets », par exemple de dimensions submillimétriques. Les bâtonnets peuvent chacun s'étendre orthogonalement au substrat, présenter une forme générale cylindrique, notamment de section polygonale, présenter un diamètre compris entre 0.5 μιη et 2.0 μιη, préférentiellement 1 μιη, présenter une hauteur comprise entre 1 μιη et 10 μιη
préférentiellement 8 μιη, et/ou présenter une luminance d'au moins 60 Cd/mm2, de préférence d'au moins 80 Cd/mm2. La distance entre deux bâtonnets immédiatement adjacents peut être comprise entre 3 μιη et 10 μιη et/ou constante ou variable. Les bâtonnets peuvent être agencés pour émettre des rayons lumineux le long du bâtonnet (c'est-à-dire le long d'une direction perpendiculaire à un plan majoritaire d'extension du substrat) et en bout de celui-ci. Le matériau semiconducteur peut comporter du silicium. Les éléments électroluminescents sont répartis dans différentes zones d'émission lumineuse activables sélectivement, chaque pixel étant ainsi formé par une zone activable sélectivement. Une telle source lumineuse pixélisée présente des avantages d'encombrement et de durée de vie, et d'atteindre de très hautes résolutions. In a second configuration, the electroluminescent elements have a general shape of "rods", for example submillimeter dimensions. The rods may each extend orthogonally to the substrate, have a generally cylindrical shape, in particular of polygonal section, have a diameter between 0.5 μιη and 2.0 μιη, preferably 1 μιη, have a height between 1 μιη and 10 μιη preferably 8 μιη, and / or have a luminance of at least 60 Cd / mm 2 , preferably at least 80 Cd / mm 2 . The distance between two immediately adjacent rods may be between 3 μιη and 10 μιη and / or constant or variable. The rods may be arranged to emit light rays along the rod (i.e. along a direction perpendicular to a majority plane of extension of the substrate) and at the end thereof. The semiconductor material may comprise silicon. The electroluminescent elements are distributed in different selectively activatable light emission zones, each pixel thus being formed by a selectively activatable zone. Such a pixelated light source has advantages of space and life, and to reach very high resolutions.
La source lumineuse pixélisée peut être couplée à une unité de contrôle de l'émission lumineuse de la source lumineuse pixélisée. L'unité de contrôle peut ainsi commander (piloter) la génération (par exemple l'émission) et/ou la projection d'un faisceau lumineux pixélisé par le dispositif lumineux. L'unité de contrôle peut être intégrée au dispositif lumineux. L'unité de contrôle peut être montée sur la source lumineuse, l'ensemble formant ainsi un module lumineux. L'unité de contrôle peut comporter un processeur (ou encore CPU acronyme de l'anglais « Central Processing Unit », littéralement « unité centrale de traitement ») qui est couplé avec une mémoire sur laquelle est stockée un programme d'ordinateur qui comprend des instructions permettant au processeur de réaliser des étapes générant des signaux permettant le contrôle de la source lumineuse de manière à exécuter le procédé. L'unité de contrôle peut ainsi par exemple contrôler individuellement l'émission lumineuse de chaque pixel d'une source lumineuse pixélisée. The pixelated light source can be coupled to a control unit for the light emission of the pixelated light source. The control unit can thus control (control) the generation (for example the emission) and / or the projection of a pixilated light beam by the light device. The control unit can be integrated into the luminous device. The control unit can be mounted on the light source, the assembly thus forming a light module. The control unit may comprise a processor (or CPU), which is coupled with a memory on which is stored a computer program which includes data processing devices. instructions for the processor to perform steps generating signals for controlling the light source to execute the method. The control unit can thus for example individually control the light emission of each pixel of a pixelated light source.
L'unité de contrôle peut former un dispositif électronique apte à commander des éléments électroluminescents. L'unité de contrôle peut être un circuit intégré. Un circuit intégré, encore appelé puce électronique, est un composant électronique reproduisant une ou plusieurs fonctions électroniques et pouvant intégrer plusieurs types de composants électroniques de base, par exemple dans un volume réduit
(i.e. sur une petite plaque). Cela rend le circuit facile à mettre en œuvre. Le circuit intégré peut être par exemple un ASIC ou un ASSP. Un ASIC (acronyme de l'anglais « Application-Specific Integrated Circuit ») est un circuit intégré développé pour au moins une application spécifique (c'est-à-dire pour un client). Un ASIC est donc un circuit intégré (micro-électronique) spécialisé. En général, il regroupe un grand nombre de fonctionnalités uniques ou sur mesure. Un ASSP (acronyme de l'anglais « Application Spécifie Standard Product ») est un circuit électronique intégré (microélectronique) regroupant un grand nombre de fonctionnalités pour satisfaire à une application généralement standardisée. Un ASIC est conçu pour un besoin plus particulier (spécifique) qu'un ASSP. L'alimentation en électricité de la source électroluminescente, et donc des éléments électroluminescents est réalisée via le dispositif électronique, lui-même alimenté en électricité à l'aide par exemple d'au moins connecteur le reliant à une source d'électricité. Le dispositif électronique alimente alors les éléments électroluminescents en électricité. Le dispositif électronique est ainsi apte à commander les éléments électroluminescents. The control unit can form an electronic device capable of controlling electroluminescent elements. The control unit can be an integrated circuit. An integrated circuit, also called electronic chip, is an electronic component reproducing one or more electronic functions and can integrate several types of basic electronic components, for example in a reduced volume (ie on a small plate). This makes the circuit easy to implement. The integrated circuit may be for example an ASIC or an ASSP. An ASIC (acronym for "Application-Specific Integrated Circuit") is an integrated circuit developed for at least one specific application (that is to say for a client). An ASIC is therefore a specialized integrated circuit (microelectronics). In general, it brings together a large number of unique or tailor-made features. An ASSP (acronym for "Application Specifies Standard Product") is an integrated electronic circuit (microelectronics) grouping a large number of features to satisfy a generally standardized application. An ASIC is designed for a more specific (specific) need than an ASSP. The electricity supply of the electroluminescent source, and therefore of the electroluminescent elements, is achieved via the electronic device, itself supplied with electricity using, for example, at least one connector connecting it to a source of electricity. The electronic device then supplies the electroluminescent elements with electricity. The electronic device is thus able to control the electroluminescent elements.
Les propriétés d'une image projetée sur la route pouvant être assurées par la configuration du dispositif lumineux de sorte à améliorer la visibilité de l'image sont maintenant discutées. L'image présente l'une ou plusieurs des propriétés discutées, par exemple toutes ces propriétés. L'image peut être projetée dans une zone de projection située à tout endroit de la route, par exemple dans une zone comprise entre 3 et 15 mètres à l'avant du véhicule. La configuration du dispositif lumineux lui permet toutefois également de projeter sur la route à 50 mètres une image relativement nette donc visible et/ou à résolution suffisante pour porter des détails. The properties of an image projected on the road that can be provided by the configuration of the light device so as to improve the visibility of the image are now discussed. The image shows one or more of the properties discussed, for example all these properties. The image can be projected in a projection area located at any point of the road, for example in an area between 3 and 15 meters at the front of the vehicle. The configuration of the light device, however, also allows it to project on the road to 50 meters a relatively clear image so visible and / or resolution sufficient to carry details.
L'image peut présenter un contraste compris entre 1,5 et 4. The image can have a contrast between 1.5 and 4.
Le contraste correspond à la formule suivante : The contrast corresponds to the following formula:
(LMAX-LMIN)/LMIN (LMAX-LMIN) / LMIN
où LMAX correspond à la luminance maximale dans l'image et LMIN correspond à la luminance minimale dans l'image. LMAX peut correspondre à la luminance du motif de l'image (respectivement du pourtour du motif) et LMIN à la luminance du pourtour du motif (respectivement du motif de l'image). On parle de
contraste positif lorsque LMAX correspond à la luminance du motif de l'image, qui est donc plus éclairé que son pourtour et ainsi rendu particulièrement visible. where LMAX is the maximum luminance in the image and LMIN is the minimum luminance in the image. LMAX can correspond to the luminance of the image pattern (respectively of the perimeter of the pattern) and LMIN to the luminance of the perimeter of the pattern (respectively of the pattern of the image). We are talking about positive contrast when LMAX corresponds to the luminance of the image pattern, which is therefore more illuminated than its periphery and thus made particularly visible.
Le contraste peut être adapté à la fonction de l'image. Par exemple, le contraste peut être au-dessus d'un seuil prédéterminé lorsque l'image a pour objectif de sur-intensifier un marquage existant dégradé (car trop vieux ou entaché par des traces de pneu) ou de créer une information d'aide à la conduite, en particulier une information textuelle et/ou symbolique. Des observations ont montré que l'image devenait particulièrement visible et efficace lorsque le contraste de l'image dans la scène atteignait une valeur supérieure à 1,5 ou 2 et/ou inférieure à 4. En particulier, dans le cas d'un contraste positif, le niveau d'intensité lumineuse correspondant à l'intérieur de l'image (et donc d'éclairement au sol) peut être 2,5 fois à 5 fois supérieur au niveau d'intensité lumineuse (et donc d'éclairement au sol) correspondant au dehors de l'image. Un contraste négatif peut également s'appliquer. The contrast can be adapted to the function of the image. For example, the contrast may be above a predetermined threshold when the image is intended to over-intensify an existing gradient mark (because it is too old or tainted by tire marks) or to create help information. to driving, in particular textual and / or symbolic information. Observations have shown that the image becomes particularly visible and effective when the contrast of the image in the scene reaches a value greater than 1.5 or 2 and / or less than 4. In particular, in the case of a contrast positive, the level of luminous intensity corresponding to the interior of the image (and thus of the illumination on the ground) can be 2.5 times to 5 times higher than the level of luminous intensity (and thus of illuminance on the ground ) corresponding outside the image. A negative contrast may also apply.
Le contraste de l'image peut être constant. Un contraste constant de l'image signifie que le contraste ne connaît sensiblement pas de variations locales le long des contours du motif de l'image. Cela permet un bon confort visuel, la visibilité de l'image étant homogène. L'intensité lumineuse correspondant au dehors de l'image peut varier. Ainsi, l'intensité lumineuse correspondant à l'intérieur du motif de l'image peut elle-même varier, pour assurer un contraste localement constant au niveau des contours du motif. The contrast of the image can be constant. A constant contrast of the image means that the contrast knows substantially no local variations along the contours of the image pattern. This allows a good visual comfort, the visibility of the image being homogeneous. The light intensity corresponding to the outside of the image may vary. Thus, the light intensity corresponding to the interior of the image pattern may itself vary, to ensure a locally constant contrast at the contours of the pattern.
En particulier, le faisceau lumineux pixélisé peut projeter sur au moins une partie de la route un éclairage global correspondant à une intensité lumineuse croissante en fonction de la distance par rapport au dispositif lumineux. Cette partie de route peut être la zone au-delà de 15 mètres. Une zone entre 3 et 15 mètres peut correspondre à une intensité lumineuse constante, pour former un fond lumineux permettant de bien distingué l'image selon les principes expliqués précédemment. A l'exception de telles zones correspondant à une intensité lumineuse constante, même en absence d'image, l'intensité lumineuse produite par le dispositif lumineux peut varier spatialement. En effet, l'éclairement au sol d'une
zone locale décroit en fonction de la distance par rapport au dispositif lumineux suivant la loi : E = l/d2, où E est l'éclairement de la zone locale, / l'intensité lumineuse de la partie de la source du faisceau lumineux pixélisé correspondant à la zone locale, et d la distance par rapport au dispositif lumineux de la zone locale. Le dispositif lumineux peut alors augmenter l'intensité dans des directions qui frappent le sol à des distances qui s'éloignent. Ce principe est illustré par la FIG. 1 qui montre l'application de la formule précédente pour deux zones locales 201 et 202 différentes de la route 203. Cela permet d'avoir un éclairement sensiblement constant ou qui ne diminue pas trop en fonction de la distance. In particular, the pixelated light beam can project on at least a portion of the road global lighting corresponding to an increasing light intensity depending on the distance from the light device. This part of the road may be the area beyond 15 meters. An area between 3 and 15 meters can correspond to a constant luminous intensity, to form a luminous background making it possible to clearly distinguish the image according to the principles explained previously. With the exception of such areas corresponding to a constant light intensity, even in the absence of an image, the light intensity produced by the light device can vary spatially. Indeed, the illumination on the ground of a local area decreases as a function of the distance from the luminous device according to the law: E = 1 / d 2 , where E is the illumination of the local area, / the luminous intensity of the portion of the source of the pixelated light beam corresponding to the local area, and distance from the light fixture of the local area. The light device can then increase the intensity in directions that hit the ground at distances that are moving away. This principle is illustrated by FIG. 1 which shows the application of the above formula for two local areas 201 and 202 different from the road 203. This allows to have a substantially constant illumination or does not decrease too much depending on the distance.
En présence d'image, ce principe peut rester valable. Dès lors, l'image peut être formée simplement en multipliant l'intensité lumineuse correspondant à l'éclairage globale (c'est-à-dire, la valeur d'intensité lumineuse nominale) par une constante prédéterminée. Le résultat de la multiplication peut être atteint par tout moyen. Par exemple, l'unité de contrôle applique un filtre consistant à calculer effectivement la multiplication. La constante prédéterminée peut correspondre au contraste recherché. La constante prédéterminée peut par exemple être comprise entre 2,5 à 5 pour assurer un contraste compris entre 1,5 et 4. In the presence of image, this principle can remain valid. Therefore, the image can be formed simply by multiplying the light intensity corresponding to the overall illumination (i.e., the nominal light intensity value) by a predetermined constant. The result of multiplication can be achieved by any means. For example, the control unit applies a filter consisting of actually calculating the multiplication. The predetermined constant may correspond to the desired contrast. The predetermined constant may for example be between 2.5 to 5 to provide a contrast between 1.5 and 4.
La FIG. 2 montre ce principe avec un contraste de 4 pour une image 205 affichant un motif de flèche 207 projeté sur la route 203. La figure représente également le profil en profondeur (ou « vertical ») d'intensité lumineuse 220, correspondant à l'axe 225, et le profil transverse (ou « horizontal ») 210 d'intensité lumineuse, correspondant à l'axe 215. On voit sur la figure que le profil vertica l d'intensité lumineuse 220 peut être modifié mais tout en conservant l'augmentation de l'intensité pour conserver un éclairement a u sol qui ne diminue pas trop. On note alors que l'image 205 obtenue conserve visuellement un contraste constant. En multipliant l'intensité lumineuse par une va leur constante, le dispositif lumineux assure ainsi de manière simple un contraste uniforme sur l'ensemble de l'image et suffisant pour rendre l'image visible par le conducteur sans toutefois apporter une gêne.
En présence d'un contraste positif, le dispositif lumineux peut assombrir un contour 208 de motif de l'image. Cela permet de rendre encore plus visible le motif. Pour réaliser assombrissement, le dispositif lumineux peut limiter les niveaux d'éclairement dans des zones adjacentes au motif, par exemple en ayant un niveau d'éclairement faible dans le champ , ou en ayant un niveau d'éclairement variable qui décroit progressivement jusqu'à l'image (par exemple suffisamment progressif pour ne pas créer de défaut d'homogénéité). Ceci est illustré par la FIG. 3 qui montre un profil d'intensité horizontal 212 différent du profil 210 de la FIG. 2 en ce qu'un assombrissement correspondant à une baisse d'intensité lumineuse localisée 209 est réalisée pour les zones près des contours 208 du motif de l'image. FIG. 2 shows this principle with a contrast of 4 for an image 205 displaying an arrow pattern 207 projected onto the road 203. The figure also represents the depth profile (or "vertical") of light intensity 220, corresponding to the axis 225, and the transverse profile (or "horizontal") 210 of light intensity, corresponding to the axis 215. It can be seen in the figure that the vertical profile l of light intensity 220 can be modified but while keeping the increase intensity to keep the lighting on the ground that does not decrease too much. It is then noted that the image 205 obtained visually maintains a constant contrast. By multiplying the luminous intensity by a va their constant, the light device thus ensures in a simple manner a uniform contrast over the entire image and sufficient to make the image visible to the driver without causing inconvenience. In the presence of a positive contrast, the light device may darken a pattern outline 208 of the image. This makes the pattern even more visible. To achieve darkening, the light device can limit the levels of illumination in areas adjacent to the pattern, for example by having a low level of illumination in the field, or having a variable level of illumination which decreases gradually until the image (for example sufficiently progressive so as not to create a lack of homogeneity). This is illustrated by FIG. 3 which shows a horizontal intensity profile 212 different from the profile 210 of FIG. 2 in that a darkening corresponding to a localized light intensity drop 209 is made for the areas near the outlines 208 of the image pattern.
L'image peut présenter une résolution comprise entre 0,025° et 0,75°. The image may have a resolution between 0.025 ° and 0.75 °.
La résolution peut être définie comme l'écart entre les centres de deux pixels contigus, horizontale et/ou verticale. Une résolution entre 0,025° à 0,75° permet une image fine et/ou détaillée. Cela permet par exemple l'affichage d'une image de taille égale à 1/5 de la largeur de la route à 50 mètres du dispositif lumineux. Le dispositif lumineux est donc apte à la projection d'image visible à 50 mètres. The resolution can be defined as the difference between the centers of two contiguous pixels, horizontal and / or vertical. A resolution between 0.025 ° and 0.75 ° allows a fine and / or detailed image. This allows for example the display of an image equal in size to 1/5 of the width of the road 50 meters from the light device. The light device is therefore capable of projecting a visible image at 50 meters.
L'image projetée est réalisée par projection de pixels. Pour rendre l'image visible, chaque centre de pixel peut être distant d'une distance angulaire comprise entre 0,025° et 0,75°, par exemple 0,05°. La fréquence spatiale ainsi obtenue est suffisante pour que des détails au sol soient suffisamment visibles par le conducteur. Une image (par exemple l'image 205 de la flèche de la FIG. 2) peut avoir une taille angulaire caractéristique de l'ordre de 0,5°. 100 pixels (10 x 10 ) permettent alors de projeter l'image. The projected image is made by projection of pixels. To make the image visible, each pixel center can be distant from an angular distance of between 0.025 ° and 0.75 °, for example 0.05 °. The spatial frequency thus obtained is sufficient for the ground details to be sufficiently visible by the driver. An image (e.g., image 205 of the arrow of FIG.2) may have a characteristic angular size of the order of 0.5 °. 100 pixels (10 x 10) then project the image.
L'image peut présenter une netteté comprise entre 0,075° et 0,2°, par exemple supérieure à 0,075° ou 0,1° et/ou inférieure à 0,15° ou 0,2°. The image may have a sharpness of between 0.075 ° and 0.2 °, for example greater than 0.075 ° or 0.1 ° and / or less than 0.15 ° or 0.2 °.
La netteté correspond à l'écartement angulaire, dans une variation d'intensité correspondant à un segment d'une image, entre le point à 10% de la variation et le point à 90% de la variation. En d'autres termes, la netteté peut être est décrite par l'écart angulaire qui caractérise une variation d'intensité comprise entre 10% et 90%
de la variation totale. La FIG. 4 illustre cet écart 402 pour un profil d'intensité lumineuse 410. The sharpness corresponds to the angular spacing, in a variation of intensity corresponding to a segment of an image, between the point at 10% of the variation and the point at 90% of the variation. In other words, the sharpness can be is described by the angular difference that characterizes a variation of intensity between 10% and 90% of the total variation. FIG. 4 illustrates this difference 402 for a light intensity profile 410.
Une netteté entre 0,075° et 0,2° permet une bonne visibilité de l'image tout en garantissant une bonne homogénéité de l'éclairage. Les pixels peuvent ne pas être pas visibles. L'image reste visible et le motif représenté reste reconnaissable. A sharpness between 0.075 ° and 0.2 ° allows a good visibility of the image while ensuring a good homogeneity of the lighting. Pixels may not be visible. The image remains visible and the pattern shown remains recognizable.
La netteté peut avoir une valeur décroissante en fonction de la distance de l'image par rapport au dispositif lumineux. La valeur peut être décroissante en fonction de la distance globale de l'image par rapport au dispositif lumineux. Au sein d'une image, la netteté peut être sensiblement fixe, ou là encore décroissante en fonction de la distance par rapport au dispositif lumineux. The sharpness may have a decreasing value depending on the distance of the image from the light device. The value can be decreasing according to the overall distance of the image from the light device. Within an image, the sharpness can be substantially fixed, or decreasing again depending on the distance from the light device.
La netteté peut dépendre du champ de vision et plus particulièrement de la distance de projection de l'image. Lorsque l'image est projetée à 50 mètres, la netteté peut être entre 0,075° et 0,125°, par exemple de l'ordre 0,1°. Avec une image à 10 mètres, la netteté peut se contenter d'être comprise entre 0,15° et 0,2°. Le profil 410 de la FIG. 4 est donc bien adapté pour une distance de l'image même élevée, par exemple même supérieure à 10 mètres ou de l'ordre de 25 mètres. The sharpness may depend on the field of view and more particularly on the projection distance of the image. When the image is projected at 50 meters, the sharpness can be between 0.075 ° and 0.125 °, for example of the order 0.1 °. With an image at 10 meters, the sharpness can be content between 0.15 ° and 0.2 °. The profile 410 of FIG. 4 is therefore well suited for a distance of the same high image, for example even greater than 10 meters or of the order of 25 meters.
Le dispositif lumineux peut atteindre de telles propriétés d'image par exemple avec une source lumineuse pixélisée prenant la forme d'une source électroluminescente monolithique, par exemple une matrice monolithique de pixels. The light device can achieve such image properties for example with a pixelated light source in the form of a monolithic electroluminescent source, for example a monolithic array of pixels.
La source pixélisée peut être de dimension convenable. La dimension de la source lumineuse peut est liée au champ de vision requis. La source lumineuse peut être divisée en une multitude de pixel qui peuvent s'allumer individuellement. La source lumineuse pixélisée peut alors être placée au foyer d'un système optique. Lorsqu'un pixel s'allume , la zone de faisceau associée s'éclaire. The pixelated source may be of suitable size. The size of the light source may be related to the required field of view. The light source can be divided into a multitude of pixels that can light individually. The pixelated light source can then be placed at the focus of an optical system. When a pixel is lit, the associated beam zone lights up.
La résolution attendue peut donc être reliée à la taille de chaque pixel. Pour une focale du système optique de 45mm, et pour une résolution de 0,05°, les pixels peuvent avoir chacun une taille de l'ordre de 40 micromètres (μιη). The expected resolution can therefore be related to the size of each pixel. For a focal length of the optical system of 45 mm, and for a resolution of 0.05 °, the pixels may each have a size of the order of 40 micrometers (μιη).
La répartition d'intensité (et en particulier le contraste de l'image) peut être assurée en pilotant la luminance émise par le pixel. Cette même luminance peut
elle-même être déterminée par la densité de courant moyen qui traverse le pixel, par exemple par variation de la densité de courant pic, ou par variation du rapport on/off de modulation de largeur d'impulsions M LI (« Puise Width Modulation » ou PWM en anglais). The intensity distribution (and in particular the contrast of the image) can be ensured by controlling the luminance emitted by the pixel. This same luminance can it itself be determined by the average current density which passes through the pixel, for example by variation of the peak current density, or by variation of the pulse width modulation on / off ratio M LI ("Pulse Width Modulation") or PWM in English).
La netteté peut être déterminée grâce à la conjugaison de la netteté de la source elle-même (profil de luminance) et celle du système optique. The sharpness can be determined by the combination of the sharpness of the source itself (luminance profile) and that of the optical system.
Le système optique peut être optimisé de sorte à ajuster la netteté des images projetées à faible distance, par exemple à une distance de l'ordre de 10 mètres (entre 4 et 10°) et celles projetées à 50 mètres (1° environ). The optical system can be optimized to adjust the sharpness of the images projected at short distance, for example at a distance of about 10 meters (between 4 and 10 °) and those projected at 50 meters (about 1 °).
Des exemples du procédé et du dispositif lumineux sont maintenant discutés en référence aux figures. Examples of the method and the light device are now discussed with reference to the figures.
La FIG. 5 montre un exemple schématique de module lumineux comprena nt une source lumineuse pixélisée. Le dispositif lumineux peut comprendre un tel module lumineux. Le module lumineux 100 comprend la source électroluminescente monolithique 120 à ha ute densité, un circuit imprimé ou PCB 140 (de l'anglais « Printed Circuit Board ») qui supporte la source 120 et une unité de contrôle 190 qui commande les éléments électroluminescents de la source monolithique lumineuse 120. Tout autre support qu'un PCB peut être envisagé. L'unité de contrôle 190 peut être à tout autre endroit, même hors du module lumineux 100. L'unité de contrôle 190 est représentée sous la forme d'un ASIC, mais d'autres types d'unité de contrôle peuvent implémenter les fonctions du module lumineux. FIG. 5 shows a schematic example of a light module comprising a pixelated light source. The light device may comprise such a light module. The light module 100 comprises the high-density monolithic light emitting source 120, a printed circuit board (PCB) 140 which supports the source 120 and a control unit 190 which controls the electroluminescent elements of the light source. monolithic light source 120. Any other support that a PCB can be considered. The control unit 190 may be at any other place, even outside the light module 100. The control unit 190 is represented in the form of an ASIC, but other types of control unit may implement the functions of the light module.
La FIG. 6 montre un exemple schématique de dispositif lumineux utilisé pou r produire un faisceau lumineux pixélisé. Le dispositif lumineux 200 comprend une source lumineuse pixélisée 12. La source lumineuse 12 se présente sous la forme d'une matrice de sources lumineuses pixélisée. Cette matrice comprend une multitude de pixels P localisés dans un plan π qui s'étend dans deux directions (y, z). Les pixels P peuvent présenter différentes tailles ou la même taille. Les pixels P peuvent être alignés horizontalement selon l'axe y et/ou verticalement selon l'axe z. Dans cet exemple, un premier groupe de pixel Gl de la matrice est destiné à
projeter un éclairage global et un deuxième groupe de pixel G2 est destiné à former un motif, une flèche dans l'exemple, par exemple pour indiquer un virage au conducteur. Chaque pixel P peut être contrôlé individuellement, en conséquence l'intensité lumineuse et l'éclairement peuvent être contrôlés en tout ou rien ou de manière linéaire. La source lumineuse 12 est associée à un système optique 14 de projection de lumière sur la scène. Le système optique 14 présente une zone de focalisation confondue avec le plan π de la matrice de pixels. FIG. 6 shows a schematic example of a light device used to produce a pixelated light beam. The light device 200 comprises a pixelated light source 12. The light source 12 is in the form of a matrix of pixelated light sources. This matrix comprises a multitude of pixels P located in a plane π which extends in two directions (y, z). The pixels P can have different sizes or the same size. The pixels P can be aligned horizontally along the y axis and / or vertically along the z axis. In this example, a first pixel group Gl of the matrix is intended for projecting global lighting and a second pixel group G2 is intended to form a pattern, an arrow in the example, for example to indicate a turn to the driver. Each pixel P can be individually controlled, therefore the light intensity and the illumination can be controlled in all or nothing or linear manner. The light source 12 is associated with an optical system 14 for projecting light onto the stage. The optical system 14 has a focal area coincident with the plane π of the pixel matrix.
La FIG. 7 montre un exemple schématique de projection d'un faiscea u lumineux pixélisé par un véhicule, vu en perspective. Le véhicule automobile 1 est muni de deux projecteurs 4 pouvant l'un ou chacun comprendre au moins un dispositif lumineux 7 configuré pour projeter chacun un faisceau lumineux pixélisé 10 sur une scène 5 située en avant du véhicule 1. Le faisceau lumineux pixélisé 10 est dans l'exemple configuré pour former un d'éclairage global 6. L'éclairage global 6 peut être réglementaire. Le faisceau lumineux pixélisé 10 est également configuré pour former le motif 9. L'éclairement du motif 9 est également réglementaire. Dans l'exemple, il est plus élevé que l'éclairement de la première portion 9 autour de lui, ce qui permet de le rendre visible par contraste positif. Le motif 9 est dans l'exem ple une image contenant une information textuelle et symbolique d'aide à la conduite. L'image 9 concerne en particulier la vitesse du véhicule. Le dispositif lumineux 7 peut alternativement projeter des informations de signalisation ou encore une information de guidage du conducteur du véhicule 1. Le dispositif 7 peut également dans d'autres exemples projeter toutes sortes de motifs, projeter des motifs en dehors de la première portion 6, et/ou projeter des motifs par contraste négatif. Dans d'autres exemples, l'éclairage global peut ne pas être partagé de la sorte.
FIG. 7 shows a schematic example of projection of a light beam pixelated by a vehicle, seen in perspective. The motor vehicle 1 is provided with two projectors 4 which may or each comprise at least one light device 7 configured to project each a pixelated light beam 10 on a scene 5 located in front of the vehicle 1. The pixelated light beam 10 is in the example configured to form a global lighting 6. The global lighting 6 may be regulatory. The pixelated light beam 10 is also configured to form the pattern 9. The illumination of the pattern 9 is also regulatory. In the example, it is higher than the illumination of the first portion 9 around it, which makes it visible by positive contrast. The pattern 9 is in the example an image containing textual and symbolic information for driving assistance. The image 9 relates in particular to the speed of the vehicle. The light device 7 can alternatively project signaling information or a guide information of the driver of the vehicle 1. The device 7 can also in other examples project all kinds of patterns, project patterns outside the first portion 6, and / or projecting patterns by negative contrast. In other examples, the overall lighting may not be shared in this way.
Claims
1. Dispositif lumineux (7) de véhicule automobile (1) comportant une source lumineuse pixélisée (12, 120) et un système optique (14) agencé pour projeter un faisceau lumineux pixélisé (10) émis par la source lumineuse pixélisée, la projection du faisceau lumineux pixélisé sur la route (203) incluant une image (9, 205) présentant un contraste compris entre 1,5 et 4, une résolution comprise entre 0,025° et 0,75°, et/ou une netteté comprise entre 0,075° et 0,2°. A light-emitting device (7) for a motor vehicle (1) comprising a pixelated light source (12, 120) and an optical system (14) arranged to project a pixelated light beam (10) emitted by the pixelated light source, the projection of a pixelated light beam on the road (203) including an image (9, 205) having a contrast of between 1.5 and 4, a resolution of between 0.025 ° and 0.75 °, and / or a sharpness of between 0.075 ° and 0.2 °.
2. Dispositif lumineux selon la revendication 1, dans lequel le contraste de l'image est sensiblement constant. The light device according to claim 1, wherein the contrast of the image is substantially constant.
3. Dispositif lumineux selon la revendication 2, dans lequel le faisceau lumineux pixélisé projette sur au moins une partie de la route un éclairage global (6) correspondant à une intensité lumineuse croissante en fonction de la distance par rapport au dispositif lumineux, l'image correspondant à une multiplication de l'intensité lumineuse correspondant à l'éclairage global par une constante prédéterminée. 3. Lighting device according to claim 2, wherein the pixelated light beam projects on at least part of the road a global illumination (6) corresponding to an increasing luminous intensity as a function of the distance from the luminous device, the image corresponding to a multiplication of the light intensity corresponding to the overall illumination by a predetermined constant.
4. Dispositif lumineux selon la revendication 3, dans lequel la constante prédéterminée est comprise entre 2,5 et 5. 4. Luminous device according to claim 3, wherein the predetermined constant is between 2.5 and 5.
5. Dispositif lumineux selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 4, dans lequel le faisceau lumineux pixélisé assombrit un contour (208) de motif de l'image. The light device of any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the pixelated light beam darkens a pattern edge (208) of the image.
6. Dispositif lumineux selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 5, dans lequel la netteté a une valeur décroissante en fonction de la distance de l'image par rapport au dispositif lumineux.
The light device according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein the sharpness has a decreasing value depending on the distance of the image from the light device.
7. Dispositif lumineux selon la revendication 6, da ns lequel la netteté est comprise entre 0,075° et 0,125° lorsque la distance de l'image par rapport au dispositif lumineux est de l'ordre de 50 mètres. 7. Lighting device according to claim 6, in which the sharpness is between 0.075 ° and 0.125 ° when the distance of the image from the light device is of the order of 50 meters.
8. Dispositif lumineux selon la revendication 6 ou 7, dans lequel la netteté est comprise entre 0,15° et 0,2° lorsque la distance de l'image par rapport au dispositif lumineux est de l'ordre de 10 mètres. 8. Light device according to claim 6 or 7, wherein the sharpness is between 0.15 ° and 0.2 ° when the distance of the image from the light device is of the order of 10 meters.
9. Dispositif lumineux selon la revendication 8, da ns lequel la source lumineuse (12) est formée par une matrice de sources lumineuses individuelles qui s'étendent dans un même plan (n). 9. Light device according to claim 8, in which the light source (12) is formed by a matrix of individual light sources which extend in the same plane (n).
10. Dispositif lumineux selon la revendication 9, dans lequel les sources lumineuses individuelles présentent chacune une taille de 40 micromètres pour une focale de 45 millimètres et une résolution de 0,05°. 10. Light device according to claim 9, wherein the individual light sources each have a size of 40 micrometers for a focal length of 45 millimeters and a resolution of 0.05 °.
11. Projecteur (4) de lumière de véhicule terrestre comportant un dispositif lumineux selon l'une quelconque des revendication 1 à 10. 11. Projector (4) of land vehicle light comprising a light device according to any one of claims 1 to 10.
12. Procédé de projection d'un faisceau lumineux pixélisé par un dispositif lumineux de véhicule terrestre selon l'une quelconque des revendication 1 à 10. 12. A method of projecting a pixelated light beam by a land vehicle light device according to any one of claims 1 to 10.
13. Programme d'ordinateur comprenant des instructions de code de programme pour l'exécution du procédé selon la revendication 12 lorsque ledit programme est exécuté par une unité de contrôle de projection sur une scène d'un faiscea u lumineux pixélisé par un dispositif lumineux de véhicule (4) terrestre comportant une source lumineuse pixélisée (12, 120) et l'unité de contrôle (190) couplée à la source lumineuse.
A computer program comprising program code instructions for executing the method of claim 12 when said program is executed by a projection control unit on a stage of a light beam pixelated by a light fixture. terrestrial vehicle (4) having a pixelated light source (12, 120) and the control unit (190) coupled to the light source.
14. Unité de contrôle (190) comportant un processeur associé à une mémoire ayant enregistré le programme selon la revendication 13.
14. Control unit (190) having a processor associated with a memory having recorded the program according to claim 13.
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
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FR1658622 | 2016-09-15 | ||
FR1658622A FR3055979B1 (en) | 2016-09-15 | 2016-09-15 | CHARACTERISTICS OF PIXELISE LIGHT BEAM |
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WO2018050593A1 true WO2018050593A1 (en) | 2018-03-22 |
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PCT/EP2017/072740 WO2018050593A1 (en) | 2016-09-15 | 2017-09-11 | Motor vehicle light device comprising a pixelated light source and method of projecting a pixelated light beam from said motor vehicle light device |
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WO (1) | WO2018050593A1 (en) |
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FR3055979B1 (en) | 2019-04-05 |
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