WO2018050041A1 - 参数配置方法、装置及系统 - Google Patents

参数配置方法、装置及系统 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2018050041A1
WO2018050041A1 PCT/CN2017/101311 CN2017101311W WO2018050041A1 WO 2018050041 A1 WO2018050041 A1 WO 2018050041A1 CN 2017101311 W CN2017101311 W CN 2017101311W WO 2018050041 A1 WO2018050041 A1 WO 2018050041A1
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Prior art keywords
network device
access
parameter
configuration
access terminal
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PCT/CN2017/101311
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
于斌
徐霆
唐小虎
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华为技术有限公司
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Publication of WO2018050041A1 publication Critical patent/WO2018050041A1/zh

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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W24/00—Supervisory, monitoring or testing arrangements
    • H04W24/04—Arrangements for maintaining operational condition
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L41/00—Arrangements for maintenance, administration or management of data switching networks, e.g. of packet switching networks
    • H04L41/08—Configuration management of networks or network elements
    • H04L41/0803—Configuration setting

Definitions

  • the present application relates to the field of network technologies, and in particular, to a parameter configuration method, apparatus, and system.
  • the network usually includes at least two network devices, and at least two network devices are used to forward service data of services corresponding to the access terminal to the access terminal.
  • the network device is a switch and the access terminal is a set top box
  • the switch is configured to forward the service data provided by the application server to the set top box.
  • the device type of the access terminal 151 includes: a wireless access point (WAP) or a wired access terminal.
  • a wired access terminal is a set top box or a computer.
  • the service data that needs to be forwarded to the access terminal 151 is different, and the configuration required by the network device for forwarding the service data in the network 100 is different when forwarding the service data. Therefore, the network administrator needs to configure the network device according to the device type of the access device 151 in advance. For example, assume that the access terminal 151 is a WAP, and the WAP is controlled or managed by the wireless access point controller.
  • the WAP establishes a connection with the wireless access point controller and joins a virtual local area network (VLAN) to provide a wireless network for wireless terminals such as mobile phones, tablets, and portable computers.
  • VLAN virtual local area network
  • the wireless access point controller 160 is typically coupled to the network device 110.
  • the network devices that forward service data for the access terminal 151 are the network device 110, the network device 120, and the network device 130.
  • the network administrator configures the network device 110, the network device 120, and the network device 130 according to the VLAN identifier of the virtual local area network that the WAP needs to join.
  • Network device 110 transmits and/or receives service data identified by the VLAN through port 111.
  • Network device 120 transmits and/or receives service data identified by the VLAN through port 121 and port 122.
  • Network device 130 transmits and/or receives service data identified by the VLAN through port 131 and port 132.
  • the network administrator For each access terminal, the network administrator needs to manually configure the relevant network devices in advance.
  • the parameter configuration process is cumbersome and inefficient.
  • the present application provides a parameter configuration method, device and system.
  • the technical solution is as follows:
  • a parameter configuration method comprising:
  • the management network device receives the access parameter of the access terminal sent by the access network device, where the access network device is a network device connected to the access terminal, and the management network device sends the network device to at least one of the service paths corresponding to the access terminal. And sending a configuration command, where the configuration command includes a configuration parameter, where the configuration command is used to indicate that the at least one network device is configured according to the configuration parameter, and the at least one network device includes the access network device.
  • the management network device automatically generates configuration commands according to the access parameters, so that each network device in the service path corresponding to the access terminal is automatically configured according to the configuration command; and the network administrator needs to pre-configure the network device related to the access terminal.
  • the parameter configuration caused by manual parameter configuration is not efficient; the effect of improving parameter configuration efficiency is achieved.
  • the access parameter includes a device type of the access terminal
  • the method further includes: determining, by the management network device, a configuration parameter corresponding to the device type of the access terminal according to the preset correspondence relationship,
  • the preset correspondence includes mapping of at least one device type to at least one configuration parameter.
  • the configuration parameter is determined by the management network device according to the device type included in the access parameter sent by the access network device, so that the configuration parameter is suitable for the device type of the access terminal.
  • the access parameter further includes an access location of the access terminal
  • the method further includes: determining, by the management network device, The parameter type of the configuration parameter, and the management network device determines the service path with the access location as the endpoint according to the network topology and the parameter type.
  • the management network device receives the access network device
  • the access parameters of the sent access terminal include: access parameters sent by the Control and Provisioning of Wireless Access Points (CAPWAP) protocol for receiving access network devices.
  • CAPWAP Wireless Access Points
  • the network device in the service path Sending the configuration command includes: sending a configuration instruction to each network device in the service path by using the CAPWAP protocol.
  • the sending the configuration instruction to each network device in the service path including: determining a network port of each network device in the service path; according to a network port of each network device, and a configuration parameter Generating a configuration command corresponding to the network device, where the configuration command is used to instruct the network device to configure according to the configuration parameter and the network port, and after the access network device performs configuration, perform the service data received and/or sent from the network port according to the configuration parameter. Processing; sending configuration instructions to the network device.
  • the configuration parameter includes a VLAN identifier, an Internet Group Management Protocol snooping (IGMP Snooping), and a dynamic host configuration protocol. At least one of the following: (English: Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol snooping, DHCP snooping).
  • the configuration command includes at least one group of the packet type field and the parameter field, and the packet is used in the seventh implementation manner.
  • the type field is the first type field
  • the parameter field of the same group is used to indicate the configuration parameter
  • the message type field is the second type field
  • the parameter field of the same group is used to indicate the port identifier of the network port.
  • the access parameter includes the device type of the access terminal, and is connected to the access terminal.
  • the access parameter includes at least one group of message type field and a parameter field, and the message type field is When a type field is used, the parameter field of the same group is used to indicate the device address of the access network device; when the message type field is the second type field, the parameter field of the same group is used to indicate the device type of the access terminal and/or The access location of the access terminal in the access network device.
  • a parameter configuration method includes: the access network device determines an access parameter of the access terminal, the access network device sends an access parameter to the management network device, and the access network device receives the management network device to send
  • the configuration command includes configuration parameters, and the access network device is configured with configuration parameters.
  • the management network device automatically generates configuration commands according to the access parameters, so that each network device in the service path corresponding to the access terminal is automatically configured according to the configuration command; and the network administrator needs to pre-configure the network device related to the access terminal.
  • the parameter configuration caused by manual parameter configuration is not efficient; the effect of improving parameter configuration efficiency is achieved.
  • the access parameter includes a device type of the access terminal
  • the access network device determines an access parameter of the access terminal, including: receiving a link layer advertisement protocol sent by the access terminal Frame, link layer advertisement protocol frame includes device type.
  • the link layer advertisement protocol is a Link Layer Discovery Protocol (LLDP) and a Cisco Discovery Protocol (English). : Cisco Discovery Protocol (CDP), Foundry Discovery Protocol (FDP), Nortel Discovery Protocol (NDP) or link layer topology discovery (English: Link Layer Topology Discovery, LLTD) ).
  • the access network device is managed
  • the network device sends the access parameter, including: the access network device sends the access parameter to the management network device by using the CAPWAP protocol.
  • the access network device receives the management
  • the configuration instruction sent by the network device includes: the access network device receives a configuration instruction sent by the management network device by using the CAPWAP protocol.
  • the configuration command further includes: a port identifier of the network port of the access network device in the service path, where the configuration parameter configuration includes: configuring the configuration parameter and the port identifier, and completing After configuration, the service data received and/or sent from the network port is processed.
  • the configuration parameter includes at least one of a VLAN identifier, an IGMP snoop, and a DHCP snoop.
  • the access parameter includes the device type of the access terminal, and is connected to the access terminal.
  • the access parameter includes at least one group of message type field and a parameter field, and the message type field is When a type field is used, the parameter field of the same group is used to indicate the device address of the access network device; when the message type field is the second type field, the parameter field of the same group is used to indicate the device type of the access terminal and/or The access location of the access terminal in the access network device.
  • a parameter configuration apparatus comprising at least one unit for implementing a parameter configuration method provided by any one of the first aspect or the first aspect of the first aspect.
  • a parameter configuration apparatus comprising at least one unit for implementing a parameter configuration method provided by any of the possible implementations of the second aspect or the second aspect.
  • a management network device comprising: a processor and a network port, the processor being configured to implement the implementation of any one of the foregoing first aspect or the first aspect by executing an instruction Parameter configuration method.
  • an access network device in a sixth aspect, includes: a processor and a network port, and the processor is configured to implement any one of the foregoing second aspect or the second aspect by executing an instruction The parameter configuration method provided.
  • a parameter configuration system comprising the management network device as provided in the fifth aspect, and the access network device as provided in the sixth aspect above.
  • 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a network
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a parameter configuration system according to an exemplary embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of a parameter configuration system according to an exemplary embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 4 is a flowchart of a parameter configuration method according to an exemplary embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 5 is a flowchart of a parameter configuration method according to another exemplary embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 6 is a schematic structural diagram of a type-length-value TLV triplet according to an exemplary embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram of a TLV definition according to an exemplary embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 8 is a schematic diagram of a network topology structure of a parameter configuration system of the embodiment shown in FIG. 3 of the present application;
  • FIG. 9 is a schematic diagram of a TLV triplet in a data unit according to an exemplary embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 10 is a schematic diagram of a message according to an exemplary embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 11 is a schematic diagram of a message according to another exemplary embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 12 is a schematic diagram of another TLV definition according to an exemplary embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 13 is a schematic diagram of a message according to another exemplary embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 14 is a schematic diagram of a message according to another exemplary embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 15 is a schematic diagram of a message according to another exemplary embodiment of the present application.
  • 16 is a schematic structural diagram of a management network device or an access network device according to an exemplary embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 17 is a schematic structural diagram of a management network device or an access network device according to an exemplary embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • FIG. 18 is a block diagram of a parameter configuration apparatus according to an exemplary embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 19 is a block diagram of a parameter configuration apparatus according to an exemplary embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 20 is a block diagram of a parameter configuration apparatus according to an exemplary embodiment of the present application.
  • the parameter configuration system 20 includes at least two network devices.
  • the at least two network devices include an access network device and a management network device.
  • the access network device is a network device connected to the access terminal.
  • the management network device is a device that manages other network devices other than the management network device in the parameter configuration system.
  • the parameter configuration system 20 includes an access terminal 210, an access network device 220, and a management network device 230.
  • the access terminal 210 is a WAP. If the access terminal 210 is a WAP, the WAP is usually also connected to the wireless terminal, and the wireless terminal may be a wireless-enabled terminal such as a mobile phone, a tablet or a computer.
  • the access terminal 210 is a wired access terminal.
  • the access terminal 210 is a device such as a set top box or a computer.
  • Figure 2 shows a schematic diagram of an access terminal being a WAP and/or an access terminal being a computer.
  • the wireless terminal is not shown in FIG.
  • the access network device 220 is a device such as a switch, a WAP, and a router.
  • the management network device 230 is a switch, router, server, computer, or other device with network management software installed. At least two network devices are connected by a wired network or a wireless network.
  • FIG. 2 shows a schematic diagram of a management network device 230 connected to two access network devices 220, each of which is connected to two access terminals 210.
  • each network device includes at least one network port, and the network device is connected to other network devices and/or access terminals through the network port, and the network device communicates with different network devices and/or access terminals through different network ports. Connected.
  • the network ports in the access network device and the management network device are not shown in FIG.
  • the network port is an Ethernet port.
  • At least two network devices further include a relay network device, where the relay network device is a network device other than the management network device and the access network device, and the relay network device is generally used for connection management.
  • Network equipment and access network equipment A connection diagram of an access network device, a management network device, and a relay network device included in the parameter configuration system 30 is exemplarily shown in FIG.
  • the management network device 310 is associated with the relay network device 320
  • the relay network device 320 is connected to the access network device 330 and the access network device 340.
  • the access network device 330 is connected to the access terminal 351 and the access terminal 352, and the access network device 340 is connected to the access terminal 353.
  • the incoming terminal 354 is connected.
  • FIG. 4 shows a flowchart of a parameter configuration method provided by an exemplary embodiment of the present application.
  • This embodiment is exemplified by the method used in the parameter configuration system shown in FIG. 2, and the method includes the following steps:
  • Step 401 The access network device determines an access parameter of the access terminal.
  • the access parameter includes a device type of the access terminal, a device address of the access network device connected to the access terminal, and an access location of the access terminal in the access network device.
  • the device type of the access terminal is a WAP or a wired access terminal.
  • the device address of the access network device is a media access control (MAC) address of the access network device.
  • the access location is a network port on the access network device that is used to connect to the access terminal.
  • the network port is a physical port or a logical port that accesses a network device.
  • a logical port is a port that is logically used to differentiate services, such as a port obtained by link aggregation.
  • the access terminal enables the link layer advertisement protocol, and when the access terminal is connected to the access network device, the access terminal sends a link layer advertisement protocol frame carrying the device type to the access network device, correspondingly, accessing
  • the network device receives the link layer advertisement protocol frame sent by the access terminal, and the link layer advertisement protocol frame includes the device type of the access terminal.
  • the link layer advertisement protocol frame further includes a device address and a port identifier of the access terminal.
  • the device address of the access terminal is the MAC address of the access terminal
  • the port identifier of the access terminal is the identifier of the network port used by the access terminal to connect to the access network device.
  • the port identifier is usually a port name in the form of a string.
  • the link layer advertisement protocol is Link Layer Discovery Protocol (LLDP), Cisco Discovery Protocol (CDP), and Foundry Discovery Protocol (English: Foundry Discovery Protocol). FDP), Nortel Discovery Protocol (NDP) or Link Layer Topology Discovery (LLTD). This application uses LLDP as an example to describe the link layer advertisement protocol.
  • the access network device determines the network port that receives the LLDP frame sent by the access terminal as the access location of the access terminal.
  • the access network device is also used to determine its own device address, which is its own MAC address.
  • the access network device generates an access parameter of the access terminal according to the received device type of the access terminal, the determined access location of the access terminal, and the device address of the access terminal.
  • Step 402 The access network device sends an access parameter to the management network device.
  • the access network device sends the access parameter to the management network device by using the CAPWAP protocol.
  • Step 403 The management network device receives an access parameter of the access terminal sent by the access network device.
  • Step 404 The management network device sends a configuration instruction to at least one of the service paths corresponding to the access terminal.
  • the configuration command includes a configuration parameter, where the configuration command is used to indicate that the at least one network device is configured according to the configuration parameter, and the at least one network device includes the access network device.
  • the management network device stores a pre-configured preset correspondence.
  • the preset correspondence includes mapping of at least one device type to at least one configuration parameter.
  • the management network device queries the configuration parameter corresponding to the device type included in the access parameter in the preset correspondence.
  • the configuration parameter includes at least one of a VLAN identifier, an IGMP snoop, and a DHCP snoop.
  • the configuration parameter corresponding to the WAP is VLAN 100.
  • the configuration parameters corresponding to the set-top box include VLAN 100 and enable IGMP snooping.
  • the configuration parameter corresponding to the WAP further includes enabling DHCP snooping.
  • the management network device determines a parameter type of the configuration parameter, and determines, according to the network topology and the parameter type, a service path that is an endpoint with an access location included in the access parameter.
  • the network topology is a network topology structure of the parameter configuration system collected by the management network device.
  • the network topology includes the network connection between the network devices and the network devices in the parameter configuration system.
  • the parameter type is any one of a VLAN type, an IGMP snooping type, and a DHCP snooping type.
  • the configuration parameter is a VLAN ID
  • the parameter type corresponding to the configuration parameter is VLAN.
  • the parameter types corresponding to VLAN 100 and VLAN 10 are VLAN types.
  • the configuration parameter is IGMP snooping
  • the corresponding parameter type is the IGMP snooping type.
  • the parameter types corresponding to enabling IGMP snooping and de-enabling IGMP snooping are all IGMP snooping types.
  • the configuration parameter is DHCP snooping
  • the corresponding parameter type is DHCP snooping type.
  • the parameter types corresponding to enabling DHCP snooping and disabling DHCP snooping are all DHCP snooping types.
  • the parameter type when the parameter type includes a VLAN type, determining that the obtained service path is a network path between the management network device and the access terminal.
  • the parameter type includes an IGMP snooping type
  • the determined service path is a network path between the access network device and the access terminal connected to the access terminal.
  • the parameter type includes the DHCP snooping type
  • it is determined that the obtained service path is a network path between the access network device and the access terminal connected to the access terminal.
  • the configuration command further includes a port identifier, where the configuration command is used to indicate that the at least one network device is configured according to the configuration parameter and the port identifier, where the port identifier is an identifier of the network port in the service path in the network device.
  • the network device is configured to process the service data received from the network port corresponding to the port identifier after the configuration is completed, and/or process the service data sent from the network port corresponding to the port identifier.
  • the management network device sends a configuration instruction to the at least one network device in the service path by using the CAPWAP protocol.
  • the management network device sends the configuration command to the at least one network device in the service path according to the preset configuration sequence, or the management network device sends the configuration command to the at least one network device in the service path.
  • Step 405 The access network device receives a configuration instruction sent by the management network device, where the configuration command includes a configuration parameter.
  • step 406 the access network device is configured with configuration parameters.
  • the access network device is configured according to the configuration parameter, or the access network device is configured according to the configuration parameter and the port identifier.
  • the management network device receives the access parameter of the access terminal sent by the access network device, and determines the configuration parameter and the service path corresponding to the access terminal according to the access parameter, Sending a configuration command to each network device in the service path, where the configuration command is used to instruct the network device to configure according to the configuration parameter; and the parameter configuration required by the network administrator to manually configure the network device related to the access terminal in advance
  • the management network device is automatically generated according to the access parameters. Therefore, each network device in the service path corresponding to the access terminal is automatically configured according to the configuration command, thereby improving the efficiency of parameter configuration.
  • FIG. 5 shows a flowchart of a parameter configuration method provided by an exemplary embodiment of the present application.
  • the method is used in the parameter configuration system shown in FIG. 3 to illustrate that at least two network devices include a management network device, a relay network device, and an access network device, and the method includes the following steps. :
  • Step 501 The access network device determines an access parameter of the access terminal.
  • the access terminal When the access terminal is connected to the access network device, the access terminal enables LLDP.
  • the access terminal adds a device type, a device address, and a port identifier to a type-length-value (TLV) in the LLDP data unit (LLD data unit) of the LLDP frame.
  • TLV type-length-value
  • the access terminal sends an LLDP frame to the access network device. After receiving the LLDP frame sent by the access terminal, the access network device obtains the device type, device address, and port identifier of the access terminal.
  • the format of a TLV triplet is as shown in FIG. 6.
  • the type field is used to indicate the type of data included in the TLV triplet
  • the length field is used to indicate the data included in the TLV triplet.
  • the length which is the length occupied by the value field, is used to indicate the content of the data included in the TLV triplet.
  • the byte length occupied by the type field and the length field is usually fixed, and the value field occupies a variable length.
  • the type field and the length field occupy two bytes.
  • a value field of 1 indicates that the PDU ends.
  • the value field is 1, the device type is WAP, and when the value field is 0, the device type is a wired access terminal.
  • the TLV triplet related to the access parameter in one LLDP data unit includes at least three, which are used to indicate the device type, device address, and port identifier of the access terminal.
  • the LLDP data unit usually further includes a TLV triplet for indicating the validity period of the LLDP data unit, a TLV triplet for indicating the end of the LLDP data unit, and the LLDP data unit may further include other self.
  • the defined TLV triplet is not described in this embodiment.
  • the schematic diagram of the TLV triplet included in the LLDP data unit received by the access network device 330 is as shown in FIG. 9. As shown, it is used to indicate that the device address of the access terminal 351 is MAC1, and the port of the access terminal 351 for the port 3511 connected to the access network device 330 is named GE0/0/1, and the device of the access terminal 351 The type is WAP.
  • the access network device After determining the device type of the access terminal, the access network device determines the access location of the access terminal in the access network device and the device address of the access terminal.
  • the access location determined by the access network device is a port identifier of a network port used by the access network device to connect to the access terminal, where the port identifier is usually a port name in a string form.
  • Step 502 The access network device sends an access parameter to the management network device.
  • the CAPWAP protocol communication may be performed between the management network device and other network devices, and the access network device sends the access parameter to the management network device by using the CAPWAP protocol.
  • the access network device sends a CAPWAP packet to the management network device, and the CAPWAP packet carries the access parameter.
  • a format of the CAPWAP packet sent by the access network device to the management network device is as shown in FIG. 10, wherein the CAPWAP packet includes an Internet Protocol (IP) header and a user datagram protocol (English: User). Datagram Protocol (UDP) header, CAPWAP header (English: CAPWAP header) and Ethernet frame.
  • IP Internet Protocol
  • UDP Datagram Protocol
  • CAPWAP header English: CAPWAP header
  • Ethernet frame includes the packet data in the CAPWAP packet.
  • the Ethernet frame is used to transmit the packet data such as the version number, the serial number, the packet type, and the access parameter of the CAPWAP packet.
  • the access parameter includes at least one group of message type fields and parameter fields.
  • the access parameters are encapsulated in a TLV triplet format, and a set of message type fields, parameter fields, and message length fields are added to a TLV triplet, and the type field in the TLV triplet is reported.
  • the text type field, the length field is the message length field, and the value field is the parameter field.
  • Ethernet frame is transmitted in the packet format as shown in Figure 11.
  • the meanings of the fields are as follows:
  • the version field which occupies a length of 1 byte, is used to indicate the version number used by the message. This field is usually 0x01.
  • the packet type field occupies a length of 1 byte and is used to indicate the packet type.
  • the packet type includes a request packet and a response packet.
  • the packet type used for the indication is a request packet.
  • the packet type used for the indication is a response packet.
  • the CAPWAP message reported by the access network device to the management network device is a request message, and the field is 0x01.
  • the sequence field which occupies a length of 1 byte, is used to indicate the sequence number of the message.
  • the sequence number of the request packet starts from 0 and is incremented by 1.
  • the sequence number of the response packet is the same as the sequence number of the received request packet. For example, the first request packet sent by the access network device to the management network device.
  • the serial number of the message is 0, the sequence number of the second request message reported is 1, the sequence number of the third request message reported is 2, and so on.
  • the first reserved (reserverd1) field occupies 1 byte.
  • the second reserved (reserverd2) field occupies 2 bytes.
  • Packet length field occupying 2 bytes, indicating the length of the message, indicating the sum of the lengths of all the fields from the version number field.
  • the type field which occupies 2 bytes, is used to indicate the type of access parameters encapsulated in the TLV format.
  • the length field which occupies 2 bytes, is used to indicate the length of the access parameter encapsulated in the TLV format, that is, the length of the byte occupied by the indication value field.
  • the meaning of the TLV triplet in the Ethernet frame is shown in Figure 12.
  • the message type field is the first type field
  • the parameter field of the same group is used to indicate the device address of the access network device.
  • the message type field is the second type field
  • the parameter field of the same group is used to indicate the device type of the access terminal and/or the access location of the access terminal in the access network device.
  • the parameters such as the device address and the port identifier of the access terminal indicated in the Ethernet frame are not described in this embodiment.
  • the value field is used to indicate the connection.
  • the device ID of the network device is the MAC address of the access network device.
  • the neighbor information includes the access location and/or device of the access terminal.
  • Types of The length of the byte occupied by the value field is variable, and the value of the length field is variable, and the length of the byte actually occupied by the value field.
  • the type field 0 the value field is used to indicate the end of the Ethernet frame.
  • the value field includes the content as shown in FIG. 13, and the value field includes at least a neighbor num field and a neighbor list field.
  • the neighbor number field usually occupies a byte length. In this embodiment, the field is used to indicate the number of access terminals connected to the access network device. The length of the byte occupied by the neighbor list field is variable, and is used to indicate the neighbor parameter of one or more neighbors.
  • each neighbor parameter includes the device type, access location, and access of each access terminal. Parameters such as the port ID of the terminal and the device address of the access terminal.
  • each neighbor parameter is shown in Figure 14.
  • the fields and fields included in the neighbor parameters have the following meanings:
  • the neighbor device ID field which usually occupies 6 bytes, is used to indicate the device address of the neighbor network device. In this embodiment, the field is used to indicate the device address of the access terminal.
  • the local port ID field is used to indicate the information of the access location, that is, the port information of the network port connected to the access terminal in the network device.
  • the port identifier field includes a port ID length field and a port ID field.
  • the port ID field usually takes up one byte to indicate the length of the port identifier, that is, the length occupied by the port identifier field.
  • the local link aggregation ID field which usually occupies 2 bytes, is used to indicate the port identifier of the port that the access location belongs to by the link aggregation.
  • the local trunk identification field is 0xFFFF indicates that the network port in the local network device is not added to the port obtained by the link aggregation.
  • the remote port ID field is used to indicate the information of the network port connected to the network device in the neighbor network device.
  • the field is used to indicate the access terminal and the access network. Information about the network port to which the device is connected.
  • the remote port identification field includes a port ID length field and a port ID field. The meaning of the field may be combined with the local port identifier field, which is not described in this embodiment.
  • the remote link aggregation ID field which occupies 2 bytes, is used to indicate the port of the neighboring network device that is used by the network port connected to the local network device to be aggregated by the link.
  • the port identifier is used in this embodiment to indicate the port identifier of the port obtained by the link aggregation of the network port connected to the access network device in the access terminal.
  • the remote link aggregation identifier is 0xFFFF, it indicates that the network port connected to the local network device in the neighbor network device is not added to the port obtained by the link aggregation.
  • the device type field usually takes up one byte to indicate the device type of the access terminal.
  • the indicated device type is WAP.
  • the indicated device type is Wired access terminal.
  • the network topology shown in FIG. 8 is taken as an example.
  • the access network device 330 receives the LLDP frame sent by the access terminal 351, and the TLV triplet included in the received LLDP frame is as shown in FIG.
  • Access network device 330 The content included in the Ethernet frame in the CAPWAP message transmitted to the management network device 310 is as shown in FIG.
  • the MAC 2 is a device identifier of the access network device 330
  • the GE0/0/2 is a port identifier of the port 332 of the access network device 330 for connecting to the access terminal 351.
  • Step 503 The management network device receives an access parameter of the access terminal sent by the access network device.
  • the management network device receives the access parameters sent by the access network device by using the CAPWAP protocol.
  • Step 504 The management network device determines, according to the preset correspondence, configuration parameters corresponding to the device type.
  • Step 505 The management network device determines, according to the network topology and the parameter type, a service path whose access location included in the access parameter is an endpoint.
  • the configuration parameter corresponding to the access terminal 351 determined by the management network device 310 is the VLAN 100
  • the service path determined by the management network device 310 is the management network device 310 and the access terminal 351.
  • Network path between. That is, the service path is: port 311 of the management network device 310 ⁇ port 321 of the relay network device 320 ⁇ port 322 of the relay network device 320 ⁇ port 331 of the access network device 330 ⁇ port 332 of the access network device 330 ⁇ interface
  • the port 3511 of the terminal 351 is entered.
  • Step 506 The management network device determines a network port of each network device in the service path.
  • Step 507 The management network device generates a configuration instruction corresponding to the network device according to the network port of each network device and the configuration parameter.
  • the configuration command is used to indicate that at least one network device is configured according to the configuration parameter and the port identifier, where the port identifier is an identifier of the network port in the service path in the network device.
  • the management network device sends a configuration command to each network device in the service path by using the CAPWAP protocol, and the management network device sends a CAPWAP message to each network device, where the CAPWAP message carries a configuration command, and the configuration command is TLV ternary
  • the format of the group is encapsulated.
  • the format of the CAPWAP packet is as shown in Figure 10 above.
  • the configuration command is carried in an Ethernet frame, and the format of the Ethernet frame is as shown in FIG. 11 above.
  • the configuration command includes at least one group of the packet type field and the parameter field.
  • a group of the packet type field, the parameter field, and the packet length field are added to one TLV triplet.
  • the type field in the TLV triple is the message type field
  • the length field is the message length field
  • the value field is the parameter field.
  • the values of the first type field are different.
  • the type field is 11
  • the value parameter is used to indicate that the configuration parameter is a VLAN identifier.
  • the type field is 1
  • the value field is used to indicate that the configuration parameter is IGMP snooping.
  • the value field is 1, the IGMP snooping is enabled.
  • the value field is 0, the IGMP snooping is disabled.
  • the value field is used to indicate that the configuration parameter is DHCP snooping
  • the value field is used to indicate the end of the Ethernet frame.
  • the configuration parameter is a VLAN ID
  • the Ethernet frame also includes a TLV for indicating the parameter configuration mode.
  • the parameter configuration mode includes the permission to join or the default mode, and the service data for indicating that the network device is allowed to add the VLAN identifier is allowed to be added.
  • the default mode is used to indicate that the default VLAN of the network device is the VLAN corresponding to the VLAN ID.
  • the value field is used to indicate the parameter configuration mode.
  • the value field is 1, it is used to indicate that the parameter configuration mode is the default mode.
  • the value field is 0, it is used to indicate that the parameter configuration mode is allowed to join.
  • Step 508 The management network device sends a configuration instruction to at least one network device in the service path.
  • the management network device sends a configuration instruction to the at least one network device in the service path by using the CAPWAP protocol.
  • Step 509 The access network device receives a configuration instruction sent by the management network device.
  • the access network device receives, by using the CAPWAP protocol, a configuration command sent by the management network device.
  • Step 510 The access network device is configured by using configuration parameters indicated by the configuration instruction.
  • the access network device processes the service data received and/or sent from the network port after being configured according to the configuration parameter and the network port.
  • the parameter configuration mode indicated by the configuration instruction is usually a default mode.
  • the configuration parameter indicated by the configuration instruction includes a VLAN identifier and indicates a network port for connecting to other network devices
  • the parameter configuration manner indicated by the configuration instruction is usually allowed to join. After the access network device is configured according to the configuration command, the service data added with the VLAN identifier is received and/or sent through the network port, and the VLAN identifier is added for the service data received through the access location.
  • the configuration parameter indicated by the configuration instruction includes the VLAN identifier and the IGMP snooping is enabled
  • the management network device sends a configuration instruction for indicating the VLAN identifier to each network device, and the management network device further sends the configuration information to the access network device.
  • the access network device enables IGMP snooping according to the configuration directive.
  • Step 511 The relay network device receives a configuration instruction sent by the management network device.
  • step 512 the relay network device is configured with the configuration parameters indicated by the configuration instruction.
  • each of the relay network devices receives the configuration command and performs configuration by using the method shown in steps 511 and 512, and the relay network device performs the configuration parameter indicated by the configuration instruction.
  • the method of the configuration may be combined with the method for configuring the access network device shown in the foregoing step 510, which is not described in this embodiment.
  • the foregoing steps 511 and 512 are optional.
  • the parameter configuration method does not include step 511 and step 512.
  • At least one network device in the service path can forward the service to the access terminal.
  • the management network device receives the access parameter of the access terminal sent by the access network device, and determines the configuration parameter and the service path corresponding to the access terminal according to the access parameter, Sending a configuration command to each network device in the service path, where the configuration command is used to instruct the network device to configure according to the configuration parameter; and the parameter configuration required by the network administrator to manually configure the network device related to the access terminal in advance
  • the management network device automatically generates configuration commands according to the access parameters, so that each network device in the service path corresponding to the access terminal is automatically configured according to the configuration command, thereby improving the efficiency of parameter configuration.
  • the access network device determines and sends the access location of the access terminal to the management network device, and the management network device determines the service according to the access location.
  • the path is solved.
  • the network administrator performs parameter configuration on the network device related to the access terminal in advance, if the access terminal is actually connected to other access locations in the access network device, the network device needs to be reconfigured. The resulting parameter configuration is not flexible enough to improve the flexibility of parameter configuration.
  • the access network device receives the device type that the access terminal sends through the LLDP, and the management network device determines the configuration parameter according to the device type, and then The network device sends a configuration instruction indicating the configuration parameter; when the device type of the access terminal connected to the access network device changes, the management network device may determine a new configuration parameter, and re-instruct each network device according to the new configuration. After the parameters are configured, the network device cannot forward the service data to the new network according to the pre-configuration of the network administrator. Access terminal problem.
  • the access terminal 351 in the network topology shown in FIG. 8 is taken as an example, and the access terminal 351 is a WAP.
  • the access parameters carried in the CAPWAP packet sent by the access network device 330 to the management network device 310 are as shown in FIG. 15 above.
  • the configuration parameter corresponding to the device type determined by the management network device 310 is VLAN 100.
  • the service path determined by the management network device 310 is as shown in step 505 above.
  • the management network device sends configuration instructions to the relay network device 320 and the access network device 330 included in the service path.
  • the relay network device 320 After being configured according to the configuration instructions, the relay network device 320 allows the service data added with the VLAN 100 to be received and/or transmitted from the port 321 and allows the service data added with the VLAN 100 to be received and/or transmitted from the port 322.
  • the access network device 330 After the access network device 330 is configured according to the configuration instructions, it is allowed to receive and/or transmit the service data added with the VLAN 100 from the port 331, and add the VLAN 100 for the service data received from the port 332, and allow the addition to be sent from the port 332. There is VLAN 100 business data.
  • the access terminal is an access terminal 354 in the network topology shown in FIG. 8
  • the access terminal 354 is a set top box.
  • the format of the access parameter carried in the CAPWAP packet sent by the access network device 340 to the management network device 310 is similar to that of FIG. 15 and will not be described in detail in this embodiment.
  • the configuration parameters determined by the management network device 310 corresponding to the device type include VLAN 10 and enabling IGMP snooping.
  • the service path determined by the management network device 310 includes the port 311 of the management network device ⁇ the port 321 of the relay network device 320 ⁇ the port 323 of the relay network device 320 ⁇ the port 341 of the access network device 340 ⁇ the port of the access network device 340 343 ⁇ the network path of the port 3541 of the access terminal 354, and the port 343 of the access network device 340 ⁇ the network path of the port 3541 of the access terminal 354.
  • the management network device 310 sends a configuration instruction for indicating the VLAN 10 to the relay network device 320 and the access network device 340 included in the service path, and the relay network device 320 and the access network device 340 are configured according to the VLAN 10, as in the above
  • the embodiment shows that this embodiment will not be described again.
  • the management network device 310 also sends configuration instructions for instructing IGMP snooping to the access network device 340, and the access network device 340 is further configured to enable IGMP snooping according to the configuration command, and receive the received service data. It is sent to the access terminal 354 through the port 343.
  • each network device registers with the management network device, and the management network device determines This parameter configures the network topology of the system.
  • the process includes the following steps:
  • the relay network device and the access network device register with the management network device.
  • the management network device functions as a server in the CAPWAP protocol, and the relay network device and the access network device register with the management network device as a client role in the CAPWAP protocol.
  • the relay network device and the access network device determine neighbor parameters.
  • the neighbor parameter includes a device address of the network device, a port identifier of the network port used by the network device to connect with the neighbor network device, a device address of the neighbor network device, and a neighbor network device.
  • the neighboring network device is enabled with LLDP.
  • the neighboring network device adds its own device address and port identifier to a TLV triplet in the LLDP data unit and sends the packet to the network device.
  • the implementation of this step may be combined with the foregoing step 501, which is not described in this embodiment.
  • the relay network device and the access network device send neighbor parameters to the management network device.
  • the relay network device and the access network device send a CAPWAP message to the management network device, where the CAPWAP message carries one or more neighbor parameters, and the neighbor parameter is encapsulated in a TLV triplet format.
  • a format of the CAPWAP packet sent by the relay network device and the access network device to the management network device is as shown in FIG. 10-13.
  • the definitions of the different TLVs are as shown in FIG. 12, which is not described in this embodiment.
  • the management network device determines the network topology structure of the system according to the received neighbor parameters.
  • the management network device receives the CAPWAP message sent by each network device, determines the connection relationship between each network device and other network devices according to the received CAPWAP message, and determines the network topology structure of the entire parameter configuration system.
  • FIG. 16 is a schematic structural diagram of a management network device according to an embodiment of the present application.
  • the management network device includes at least a processor 1610 and a network port 1620.
  • Processor 1610 includes one or more processing cores.
  • the processor is configured to perform various functional applications of the management network device and for data processing.
  • the processor includes a network processor (English: network processor, NP), and/or a central processing unit (CPU).
  • the management network device typically includes a plurality of network ports 1620. Each network port 1620 is coupled to a processor 1610 that communicates with other network devices via a network port 1620.
  • FIG. 16 shows a schematic diagram of a management network device including three network ports 1620.
  • the management network device usually further includes a memory 1630.
  • Memory 1630 is coupled to processor 1610 via bus 1640.
  • the memory 1630 is for storing instructions, and the processor 1610 implements the above parameter configuration method by executing instructions stored in the memory 1630.
  • the memory includes a random access memory (RAM) and/or a flash memory (English: flash memory)
  • the processor 1610 is an NP
  • the schematic diagram of the management network device is as shown in FIG. 17, and the instructions in the management network device are usually directly stored in the NP, and the management network device may not include the memory.
  • FIG. 16 is a schematic structural diagram of an access network device according to an embodiment of the present application.
  • the access network device includes at least a processor 1610 and a network port 1620.
  • Processor 1610 includes one or more processing cores.
  • the processor is configured to perform various functional applications of the access network device and for performing data processing.
  • the processor includes an NP, and/or a CPU.
  • the network port 1620 in the access network device typically includes a plurality, each network port 1620 being coupled to the processor 1610, and the access network device communicating with other network devices or access terminals through the network port 1620.
  • FIG. 16 shows a schematic diagram of three network ports 1620 included in an access network device.
  • the access network device usually further includes a memory 1630.
  • Memory 1630 is coupled to processor 1610 via bus 1640.
  • the memory 1630 is for storing instructions, and the processor 1610 implements the above parameter configuration method by executing instructions stored in the memory 1630.
  • the memory includes RAM and/or flash memory.
  • the processor 1610 is an NP
  • the schematic diagram of the management network device is as shown in FIG. 17, and the instructions in the access network device are usually directly stored in the NP, and the access network device may not include the memory.
  • FIG. 18 shows a block diagram of a parameter configuration apparatus provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • the parameter configuration device can be implemented as all or part of the management network device by software, hardware or a combination of both.
  • the parameter configuration means may include: a receiving unit 1810 and a transmitting unit 1820.
  • the receiving unit 1810 is configured to implement the functions of the foregoing steps 403 and 503.
  • the sending unit 1820 is configured to implement the functions of the foregoing steps 404 and 508.
  • the apparatus further includes a processing unit 1830, the block diagram of which is shown in FIG.
  • the processing unit 1830 is configured to implement the functions of the foregoing steps 504, 505, 506, and 507.
  • the management network device shown in FIG. 18 or FIG. 19 is used to implement the parameter configuration method shown in the embodiment shown in FIG. 4 or FIG. 5, and the management network device may receive the information from the receiving unit. 1810 implementation.
  • the management network device can be implemented by the above sending unit 1820 when transmitting information.
  • the management network device can be implemented by the processing unit 1830 described above while performing the processing and calculation steps.
  • FIG. 20 shows a block diagram of a parameter configuration apparatus provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • the parameter configuration device can be implemented as all or part of the access network device by software, hardware or a combination of both.
  • the parameter configuration means may include a processing unit 2010, a transmitting unit 2020, and a receiving unit 2030.
  • the processing unit 2010 is configured to implement the functions of the foregoing steps 401, 406, 501, and 510.
  • the sending unit 2020 is configured to implement the functions of the foregoing steps 402 and 502.
  • the receiving unit 2030 is configured to implement the functions of step 405 and step 509 described above.
  • the access network device shown in FIG. 20 is used to implement the parameter configuration method shown in the foregoing embodiment shown in FIG. 4 or FIG. 5, and the access network device may perform the processing and calculation steps.
  • the processing unit 2010 is implemented.
  • the access network device can be implemented by the above sending unit 2020 when transmitting information.
  • the access network device can be implemented by the receiving unit 2030 when receiving information.
  • a person skilled in the art may understand that all or part of the steps of implementing the above embodiments may be completed by hardware, or may be instructed by a program to execute related hardware, and the program may be stored in a computer readable storage medium.
  • the storage medium mentioned may be a read only memory, a magnetic disk or an optical disk or the like.

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Abstract

公开了一种参数配置方法、装置及系统，属于网络技术领域。该方法包括：接收接入网络设备发送的接入终端的接入参数，根据接入参数确定与接入终端对应的配置参数和业务路径，向业务路径中的各个网络设备发送配置指令，配置指令用于指示网络设备根据配置参数进行配置；解决了需要由网络管理员预先对接入终端相关的网络设备进行人工参数配置而导致的参数配置效率不高的问题；达到了管理网络设备自动根据接入参数生成配置指令，使接入终端对应的业务路径中的各个网络设备自动根据配置指令进行配置，提高了参数配置效率的效果。

Description

参数配置方法、装置及系统
本申请要求于2016年9月13日提交中国专利局、申请号为201610822752.5、发明名称为“参数配置方法、装置及系统”的中国专利申请的优先权，其全部内容通过引用结合在本申请中。
技术领域
本申请涉及网络技术领域，特别涉及一种参数配置方法、装置及系统。
背景技术
网络中通常包括至少两个网络设备，至少两个网络设备用于将接入终端对应的业务的业务数据转发至该接入终端。比如，网络设备是交换机，接入终端是机顶盒，则交换机用于将应用服务器提供的业务数据转发至机顶盒。
在图1所示的网络100中，接入终端151的设备类型包括：无线访问点(英文：wireless access point，WAP)或者有线接入终端。例如，有线接入终端是机顶盒或计算机。当接入终端151属于不同的设备类型时，需要转发至接入终端151的业务数据不同，网络100中用于转发该业务数据的网络设备在转发业务数据时所需的配置也不同。因此，网络管理员需要预先根据接入设备151的设备类型对网络设备进行配置。比如，假设接入终端151是WAP，WAP由无线访问点控制器控制或管理。WAP与无线访问点控制器建立连接并加入虚拟局域网(英文：virtual local area network，VLAN)，从而为手机、平板电脑和便携式计算机等无线终端提供无线网络。如图1所示的网络100，无线访问点控制器160通常与网络设备110相连。在图1中，为接入终端151转发业务数据的网络设备是网络设备110、网络设备120和网络设备130。网络管理员根据WAP需要加入的虚拟局域网的VLAN标识配置网络设备110、网络设备120和网络设备130。网络设备110通过端口111发送和/或接收有该VLAN标识的业务数据。网络设备120通过端口121以及端口122发送和/或接收有该VLAN标识的业务数据。网络设备130通过端口131以及端口132发送和/或接收有该VLAN标识的业务数据。
对于每一个接入终端，网络管理员都需要预先对相关的网络设备进行人工参数配置，参数配置过程较繁琐，效率不高。
发明内容
为了解决人工进行参数配置效率不高的问题，本申请提供了一种参数配置方法、装置及系统。所述技术方案如下：
第一方面，提供一种参数配置方法，该方法包括：
管理网络设备接收接入网络设备发送的接入终端的接入参数，接入网络设备是与接入终端相连的网络设备；管理网络设备向与接入终端对应的业务路径中的至少一个网络设备发送配置指令，配置指令包括配置参数，配置指令用于指示至少一个网络设备根据配置参数进行配置，至少一个网络设备包括接入网络设备。
由管理网络设备自动根据接入参数生成配置指令，使接入终端对应的业务路径中的各个网络设备自动根据配置指令进行配置；解决了需要由网络管理员预先对接入终端相关的网络设备进行人工参数配置而导致的参数配置效率不高的问题；达到了提高了参数配置效率的效果。
在第一方面的第一种实现方式中，接入参数中包括接入终端的设备类型；该方法还包括：管理网络设备根据预设对应关系确定与接入终端的设备类型对应的配置参数，预设对应关系包括至少一个设备类型到至少一个配置参数的映射。
由管理网络设备根据接入网络设备发送的接入参数中包括的设备类型确定配置参数，可以使配置参数适合接入终端的设备类型。
结合第一方面或第一方面的第一种实现方式，在第一方面的第二种实现方式中，接入参数中还包括接入终端的接入位置；该方法还包括：管理网络设备确定配置参数的参数类型，管理网络设备根据网络拓扑和参数类型确定以接入位置为端点的业务路径。
结合第一方面、第一方面的第一种实现方式以及第一方面的第二种实现方式中的任意一种，在第一方面的第三种实现方式中，管理网络设备接收接入网络设备发送的接入终端的接入参数，包括：接收接入网络设备用无线接入点的控制和配置(英文：Control And Provisioning of Wireless Access Points，CAPWAP)协议发送的接入参数。
结合第一方面、第一方面的第一种实现方式以及第一方面的第二种实现方式中的任意一种，在第一方面的第四种实现方式中，向业务路径中的各个网络设备发送配置指令，包括：用CAPWAP协议向业务路径中的各个网络设备发送配置指令。
结合第一方面、第一方面的第一种实现方式以及第一方面的第二种实现方式、第一方面的第三种实现方式和第一方面的第四种实现方式中的任意一种，在第一方面的第五种实现方式中，向业务路径中的各个网络设备发送配置指令，包括：确定业务路径中的各个网络设备的网络端口；根据每个网络设备的网络端口，以及配置参数生成与网络设备对应的配置指令，配置指令用于指示网络设备根据配置参数和网络端口进行配置，接入网络设备在进行配置后，根据配置参数对从网络端口接收和/或发送的业务数据进行处理；向网络设备发送配置指令。
结合第一方面、第一方面的第一种实现方式、第一方面的第二种实现方式、第一方面的第三种实现方式、第一方面的第四种实现方式和第一方面的第五种实现方式中的任意一种，在第一方面的第六种实现方式中，配置参数包括VLAN标识、互联网组管理协议窥探(英文：Internet Group Management Protocol snooping，IGMP Snooping)和动态主机配置协议窥探(英文：Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol snooping，DHCP snooping)中的至少一种。
结合第一方面、第一方面的第一种实现方式、第一方面的第二种实现方式、第一方面的第三种实现方式、第一方面的第四种实现方式、第一方面的第五种实现方式和第一方面的第六种实现方式中的任意一种，在第一方面的第七种实现方式中，配置指令中包括至少一组报文类型字段和参数字段，当报文类型字段是第一类型字段时，同组的参数字段用于指示配置参数；当报文类型字段是第二类型字段时，同组的参数字段用于指示网络端口的端口标识。
结合第一方面、第一方面的第一种实现方式、第一方面的第二种实现方式、第一方面的第三种实现方式、第一方面的第四种实现方式、第一方面的第五种实现方式和第一方面的第六种实现方式中的任意一种，在第一方面的第八种实现方式中，接入参数中包括接入终端的设备类型、与接入终端相连的接入网络设备的设备地址，以及接入终端在接入网络设备中的接入位置中的至少一种，接入参数包括至少一组报文类型字段和参数字段，当报文类型字段是第一类型字段时，同组的参数字段用于指示接入网络设备的设备地址；当报文类型字段是第二类型字段时，同组的参数字段用于指示接入终端的设备类型和/或接入终端在接入网络设备中的接入位置。
第二方面，提供一种参数配置方法，该方法包括：接入网络设备确定接入终端的接入参数，接入网络设备向管理网络设备发送接入参数，接入网络设备接收管理网络设备发送的配置指令，配置指令包括配置参数，接入网络设备用配置参数进行配置。
由管理网络设备自动根据接入参数生成配置指令，使接入终端对应的业务路径中的各个网络设备自动根据配置指令进行配置；解决了需要由网络管理员预先对接入终端相关的网络设备进行人工参数配置而导致的参数配置效率不高的问题；达到了提高了参数配置效率的效果。
在第二方面的第一种实现方式中，接入参数中包括接入终端的设备类型；接入网络设备确定接入终端的接入参数，包括：接收接入终端发送的链路层通告协议帧，链路层通告协议帧包括设备类型。
结合第二方面的第一种实现方式，在第二方面的第二种实现方式中，链路层通告协议是链路层发现协议(英文：Link Layer Discovery Protocol，LLDP)、思科发现协议(英文：Cisco Discovery Protocol，CDP)、网捷发现协议(英文：Foundry Discovery Protocol，FDP)、北电发现协议(英文：Nortel Discovery Protocol，NDP)或链路层拓扑发现(英文：Link Layer Topology Discovery，LLTD)。
结合第二方面、第二方面的第一种实现方式和第二方面的第二种实现方式中的任意一种实现方式，在第二方面的第三种实现方式中，接入网络设备向管理网络设备发送接入参数，包括：接入网络设备用CAPWAP协议向管理网络设备发送接入参数。
结合第二方面、第二方面的第一种实现方式和第二方面的第二种实现方式中的任意一种实现方式，在第二方面的第四种实现方式中，接入网络设备接收管理网络设备发送的配置指令，包括：接入网络设备接收管理网络设备用CAPWAP协议发送的配置指令。
结合第二方面、第二方面的第一种实现方式、第二方面的第二种实现方式、第二方面的第三种实现方式和第二方面的第四种实现方式中的任意一种，在第二方面的第五种实现方式中，配置指令中还包括接入网络设备在业务路径中的网络端口的端口标识，用配置参数进行配置包括：用配置参数和端口标识进行配置，在完成配置后，对从网络端口接收和/或发送的业务数据进行处理。
结合第二方面、第二方面的第一种实现方式、第二方面的第二种实现方式和第二方面的第三种实现方式、第二方面的第四种实现方式和第二方面的第五种实现方式中的任意一种，在第二方面的第六种实现方式中，配置参数包括VLAN标识、IGMP窥探和DHCP窥探中的至少一种。
结合第二方面、第二方面的第一种实现方式、第二方面的第二种实现方式和第二方面的第三种实现方式、第二方面的第四种实现方式、第二方面的第五种实现方式和第二方面的第六种实现方式中的任意一种，在第二方面的第七种实现方式中，接入参数中包括接入终端的设备类型、与接入终端相连的接入网络设备的设备地址，以及接入终端在接入网络设备中的接入位置中的至少一种，接入参数包括至少一组报文类型字段和参数字段，当报文类型字段是第一类型字段时，同组的参数字段用于指示接入网络设备的设备地址；当报文类型字段是第二类型字段时，同组的参数字段用于指示接入终端的设备类型和/或接入终端在接入网络设备中的接入位置。
第三方面，提供了一种参数配置装置，该装置包括至少一个单元，该至少一个单元用于实现上述第一方面或第一方面中任意一种可能的实现方式所提供的参数配置方法。
第四方面，提供了一种参数配置装置，该装置包括至少一个单元，该至少一个单元用于实现上述第二方面或第二方面中任意一种可能的实现方式所提供的参数配置方法。
第五方面，提供了一种管理网络设备，该管理网络设备包括：处理器和网络端口，处理器被配置为通过执行指令来实现上述第一方面或第一方面中任意一种实现方式所提供的参数配置方法。
第六方面，提供了一种接入网络设备，该接入网络设备包括：处理器和网络端口，处理器被配置为通过执行指令来实现上述第二方面或第二方面中任意一种实现方式所提供的参数配置方法。
第七方面，提供了一种参数配置系统，该系统中包括如上述第五方面所提供的管理网络设备，以及，如上述第六方面所提供的接入网络设备。
上述本申请实施例第三到第七方面所获得的技术效果与第一和第二方面中对应的技术手段获得的技术效果相同或相似，在这里不再赘述。
附图说明
为了更清楚地说明本申请实施例中的技术方案，下面将对实施例描述中所需要使用的附图作简单地介绍，显而易见地，下面描述中的附图仅仅是本申请的一些实施例，对于本领域普通技术人员来讲，在不付出创造性劳动的前提下，还可以根据这些附图获得其他的附图。
图1是一种网络的结构示意图；
图2是本申请一示例性实施例所涉及的一种参数配置系统的结构示意图；
图3是本申请一示例性实施例所涉及的一种参数配置系统的结构示意图；
图4是本申请一示例性实施例所涉及的一种参数配置方法的流程图；
图5是本申请另一示例性实施例所涉及的一种参数配置方法的流程图；
图6是本申请一示例性实施例所涉及的一种类型-长度-值TLV三元组的结构示意图；
图7是本申请一示例性实施例所涉及的一种TLV定义的示意图；
图8是本申请图3所示的实施例的参数配置系统的网络拓扑结构的示意图；
图9是本申请一示例性实施例所涉及的数据单元中的TLV三元组的示意图；
图10是本申请一示例性实施例所涉及的报文的示意图；
图11是本申请另一示例性实施例所涉及的报文的示意图；
图12是本申请一示例性实施例所涉及的另一种TLV定义的示意图；
图13是本申请另一示例性实施例所涉及的报文的示意图；
图14是本申请另一示例性实施例所涉及的报文的示意图；
图15是本申请另一示例性实施例所涉及的报文的示意图；
图16是本申请一示例性实施例所涉及的一种管理网络设备或接入网络设备的结构示意图；
图17是本申请一示例性实施例所涉及的一种管理网络设备或接入网络设备的结构示意图；
图18是本申请一示例性实施例所涉及的一种参数配置装置的框图；
图19是本申请一示例性实施例所涉及的一种参数配置装置的框图；
图20是本申请一示例性实施例所涉及的一种参数配置装置的框图。
具体实施方式
为使本申请的目的、技术方案和优点更加清楚，下面将结合附图对本申请实施例进行阐述。
请参考图2，其示出了本申请一个实施例提供的参数配置系统20的结构示意图，参数配置系统20中包括至少两个网络设备。该至少两个网络设备包括接入网络设备和管理网络设备。接入网络设备是与接入终端相连的网络设备。管理网络设备是对参数配置系统中除管理网络设备之外的其他网络设备进行管理的设备。该参数配置系统20包括：接入终端210、接入网络设备220和管理网络设备230。
可选的，接入终端210是WAP。如果接入终端210是WAP，则WAP通常还与无线终端相连，无线终端可以是手机、平板电脑或计算机等具有无线功能的终端。可选的，接入终端210是有线接入终端。例如，接入终端210是机顶盒或计算机等设备。
示意性的，图2示出了接入终端是WAP和/或接入终端是计算机的示意图。图2中未示出无线终端。
可选的，接入网络设备220是交换机、WAP和路由器等设备。管理网络设备230是交换机、路由器、服务器、计算机或其他安装有网络管理软件的设备。至少两个网络设备之间通过有线网络或者无线网络相连。图2示出了一个管理网络设备230与两个接入网络设备220相连，每个接入网络设备220与两个接入终端210相连的结构示意图。
可选的，每个网络设备中包括至少一个网络端口，网络设备通过网络端口与其他网络设备和/或接入终端相连，网络设备通过不同的网络端口与不同的网络设备和/或接入终端相连。图2中未示出接入网络设备和管理网络设备中的网络端口。可选地，该网络端口是以太网端口。
可选的，至少两个网络设备中还包括中继网络设备，中继网络设备是参数配置系统中除管理网络设备和接入网络设备之外的网络设备，中继网络设备通常用于连接管理网络设备和接入网络设备。如图3示例性地示出了参数配置系统30中包括的接入网络设备、管理网络设备和中继网络设备的连接示意图。管理网络设备310与中继网络设备320相 连，中继网络设备320与接入网络设备330和接入网络设备340相连，接入网络设备330与接入终端351和接入终端352相连，接入网络设备340与接入终端353和接入终端354相连。
请参考图4，其示出了本申请一个示例性实施例提供的参数配置方法的流程图。本实施例以该方法用于如图2所示的参数配置系统中来举例说明，该方法包括以下几个步骤：
步骤401，接入网络设备确定接入终端的接入参数。
可选的，接入参数包括接入终端的设备类型、与接入终端相连的接入网络设备的设备地址和接入终端在接入网络设备中的接入位置。例如，接入终端的设备类型是WAP或有线接入终端。可选的，接入网络设备的设备地址是接入网络设备的媒体访问控制(英文：media access control，MAC)地址。接入位置是接入网络设备上用于与接入终端相连的网络端口。该网络端口是接入网络设备的物理端口或者逻辑端口。逻辑端口是逻辑上用于区分服务的端口，比如用链路汇聚(英文：link aggregation)得到的端口。
可选的，接入终端使能链路层通告协议，接入终端在与接入网络设备相连时，向接入网络设备发送携带有设备类型的链路层通告协议帧，对应地，接入网络设备接收接入终端发送的链路层通告协议帧，链路层通告协议帧中包括接入终端的设备类型。可选的，链路层通告协议帧中还包括接入终端的设备地址和端口标识等。接入终端的设备地址是接入终端的MAC地址，接入终端的端口标识是接入终端中用于与接入网络设备相连的网络端口的标识，端口标识通常是字符串形式的端口名。可选的，链路层通告协议是链路层发现协议(英文：Link Layer Discovery Protocol，LLDP)、思科发现协议(英文：Cisco Discovery Protocol，CDP)、网捷发现协议(英文：Foundry Discovery Protocol，FDP)、北电发现协议(英文：Nortel Discovery Protocol，NDP)或链路层拓扑发现(英文：Link Layer Topology Discovery，LLTD)中的任意一种。本申请以链路层通告协议是LLDP为例进行说明。
接入网络设备将接收到接入终端发送的LLDP帧的网络端口确定为接入终端的接入位置。接入网络设备还用于确定自身的设备地址，也即自身的MAC地址。
接入网络设备根据接收到的接入终端的设备类型，以及确定的接入终端的接入位置和自身的设备地址生成接入终端的接入参数。
步骤402，接入网络设备向管理网络设备发送接入参数。
可选的，接入网络设备用CAPWAP协议向管理网络设备发送接入参数。
步骤403，管理网络设备接收接入网络设备发送的接入终端的接入参数。
步骤404，管理网络设备向与接入终端对应的业务路径中的至少一个网络设备发送配置指令。
可选的，配置指令包括配置参数，配置指令用于指示至少一个网络设备根据配置参数进行配置，至少一个网络设备包括接入网络设备。
可选的，管理网络设备中存储有预先配置的预设对应关系。该预设对应关系包括至少一个设备类型到至少一个配置参数的映射。管理网络设备在接收到接入网络设备发送的接入参数后，查询该预设对应关系中与接入参数中包括的设备类型所对应的配置参数。
可选的，配置参数包括VLAN标识、IGMP窥探和DHCP窥探中的至少一种。比如，WAP对应的配置参数为VLAN 100。机顶盒对应的配置参数包括VLAN 100和使能IGMP窥探。可选地，WAP对应的配置参数还包括使能DHCP窥探。
可选的，管理网络设备确定配置参数的参数类型，并根据网络拓扑和参数类型确定以接入参数中包括的接入位置为端点的业务路径。
其中，网络拓扑结构是管理网络设备预先收集到的该参数配置系统的网络拓扑结构，网络拓扑结构中包括该参数配置系统中的各个网络设备以及网络设备之间的端口连接关系。
可选的，参数类型是VLAN类型、IGMP窥探类型和DHCP窥探类型中的任意一种。当配置参数是VLAN标识时，配置参数对应的参数类型为VLAN类型，比如，VLAN 100和VLAN 10对应的参数类型都是VLAN类型。当配置参数是IGMP窥探时，其对应参数类型是IGMP窥探类型，比如，使能IGMP窥探和去使能IGMP窥探对应的参数类型都是IGMP窥探类型。当配置参数是DHCP窥探时，其对应的参数类型是DHCP窥探类型，比如，使能DHCP窥探和去使能DHCP窥探对应的参数类型都是DHCP窥探类型。
可选的，当参数类型包括VLAN类型时，确定得到的业务路径是管理网络设备与接入终端之间的网络路径。当参数类型包括IGMP窥探类型时，确定得到的业务路径是与接入终端相连的接入网络设备与接入终端之间的网络路径。当参数类型包括DHCP窥探类型时，确定得到的业务路径是与接入终端相连的接入网络设备与接入终端之间的网络路径。
可选的，配置指令还包括端口标识，配置指令用于指示至少一个网络设备根据配置参数和端口标识进行配置，端口标识是该网络设备中位于业务路径中的网络端口的标识。该网络设备用于在完成配置后，对从该端口标识对应的网络端口接收的业务数据进行处理，和/或，对从该端口标识对应的网络端口发送的业务数据进行处理。
可选的，管理网络设备用CAPWAP协议向业务路径中的至少一个网络设备发送配置指令。
可选的，管理网络设备根据预先设定的配置顺序依次向业务路径中的至少一个网络设备发送配置指令，或者，管理网络设备同时向业务路径中的至少一个网络设备发送配置指令。
步骤405，接入网络设备接收管理网络设备发送的配置指令，配置指令包括配置参数。
步骤406，接入网络设备用配置参数进行配置。
可选的，接入网络设备根据配置参数进行配置，或者，接入网络设备根据配置参数和端口标识进行配置。
业务路径中除接入网络设备之外的其他网络设备也用配置参数进行配置。
综上所述，本申请实施例提供的参数配置方法，管理网络设备接收接入网络设备发送的接入终端的接入参数，根据接入参数确定与接入终端对应的配置参数和业务路径，向业务路径中的各个网络设备发送配置指令，配置指令用于指示网络设备根据配置参数进行配置；解决了需要由网络管理员预先对接入终端相关的网络设备进行人工参数配置而导致的参数配置效率不高的问题；达到了管理网络设备自动根据接入参数生成配置指 令，使接入终端对应的业务路径中的各个网络设备自动根据配置指令进行配置，提高了参数配置效率的效果。
请参考图5，其示出了本申请一个示例性实施例提供的参数配置方法的流程图。本实施例以该方法用于如图3所示的参数配置系统中来举例说明，至少两个网络设备中包括管理网络设备、中继网络设备和接入网络设备，该方法包括以下几个步骤：
步骤501，接入网络设备确定接入终端的接入参数。
接入终端在与接入网络设备相连时，接入终端使能LLDP。
接入终端将自己的设备类型、设备地址和端口标识分别加入LLDP帧的LLDP数据单元(英文：LLDP data unit，LLDPDU)中的一个类型-长度-值(英文：type-length-value，TLV)三元组中。
接入终端向接入网络设备发送LLDP帧。接入网络设备在接收到接入终端发送的LLDP帧后，得到接入终端的设备类型、设备地址和端口标识。
一个TLV三元组的格式如图6所示，类型(type)字段用于指示该TLV三元组包括的数据的类型，长度(length)字段用于指示该TLV三元组中包括的数据的长度，即值(value)字段占用的长度，值字段用于指示该TLV三元组中的包括的数据的内容。类型字段和长度字段占用的字节长度通常是固定的，值字段占用的长度可变，可选的，类型字段和长度字段均占用两个字节。
对于LLDP数据单元中包括的TLV三元组，当类型字段的取值不同时，值字段中的信息的含义也不同。LLDP数据单元中的一些TLV的含义如图7所示。
其中，当类型字段＝0时，值字段用于指示PDU结束，值字段占用1个字节，长度＝1。值字段＝1时表示PDU结束。当类型字段＝1时，值字段用于指示接入终端的设备地址，通常是接入终端的MAC地址，值字段占用6个字节，长度字段＝6。当类型字段＝2时，值字段用于指示接入终端的端口标识，通常是字符串形式的端口名，值字段通常占用16个字节，长度字段＝16。当类型字段＝9时，值字段用于指示接入终端的设备类型，值字段通常占用1个字节，长度字段＝1。可选的，值字段＝1时，设备类型是WAP，值字段＝0时，设备类型是有线接入终端。
在本实施例中，一个LLDP数据单元中与接入参数有关的TLV三元组至少包括3个，分别用于指示接入终端的设备类型、设备地址和端口标识。在实际实现时，LLDP数据单元中通常还包括用于指示LLDP数据单元的有效期的TLV三元组，用于指示LLDP数据单元结束的TLV三元组，以及，LLDP数据单元中还可以包括其他自定义的TLV三元组，本实施例对此不再赘述。
比如，假设图3所示的参数配置系统中的各个网络设备的网络拓扑结构如图8所示，则接入网络设备330接收到的LLDP数据单元中包括的TLV三元组的示意图如图9所示，其用于指示接入终端351的设备地址为MAC1，接入终端351中用于与接入网络设备330相连的端口3511的端口名为GE0/0/1，接入终端351的设备类型为WAP。
接入网络设备在确定接入终端的设备类型后，确定接入终端在接入网络设备中的接入位置以及自身的设备地址。可选的，接入网络设备确定的接入位置是接入网络设备中用于与接入终端相连的网络端口的端口标识，端口标识通常是字符串形式的端口名。
步骤502，接入网络设备向管理网络设备发送接入参数。
可选的，管理网络设备与其他网络设备之间可以采用CAPWAP协议通信，接入网络设备通过CAPWAP协议向管理网络设备发送接入参数。接入网络设备向管理网络设备发送CAPWAP报文，CAPWAP报文中携带有接入参数。
接入网络设备向管理网络设备发送的CAPWAP报文的一种格式如图10所示，其中，CAPWAP报文中包括网际协议(英文：Internet Protocol，IP)头、用户数据报协议(英文：User Datagram Protocol，UDP)头、CAPWAP头(英文：CAPWAP header)和以太网帧。以太网帧中包括该CAPWAP报文中的报文数据。可选的，以太网帧用于传输该CAPWAP报文的版本号、序列号、报文类型以及接入参数等报文数据。
可选的，接入参数包括至少一组报文类型字段和参数字段。可选的，接入参数以TLV三元组的格式进行封装，将一组报文类型字段、参数字段和报文长度字段加入一个TLV三元组中，TLV三元组中的类型字段是报文类型字段，长度字段是报文长度字段，值字段是参数字段。
可选的，以太网帧通过如图11所示的报文格式进行传输，各个字段的含义如下：
1、版本号(version)字段，占用1个字节的长度，用于指示报文所使用的版本号，该字段通常为0x01。
2、报文类型(packet type)字段，占用1个字节的长度，用于指示报文类型。报文类型包括请求报文和响应报文，通常情况下，该字段为0x01时，用于指示的报文类型是请求报文，该字段为0x02时，用于指示的报文类型是响应报文；在本实施例中，接入网络设备向管理网络设备上报的CAPWAP报文是请求报文，该字段为0x01。
3、序列号(sequence)字段，占用1个字节的长度，用于指示报文的序列号。请求报文的序列号从0开始，依次递增1，响应报文的序列号与接收到的请求报文的序列号相同；比如，接入网络设备向管理网络设备上报的第一个请求报文的序列号是0，上报的第二个请求报文的序列号为1，上报的第三个请求报文的序列号为2，依次类推。
4、第一保留(reserverd1)字段，占用1个字节。
5、第二保留(reserverd2)字段，占用2个字节。
6、报文长度(packet length)字段，占用2个字节，用于指示报文的长度，表示从版本号字段开始的所有字段包含的长度之和。
7、类型(type)字段，占用2个字节，用于指示采用TLV格式进行封装的接入参数的类型。
8、长度(length)字段，占用2个字节，用于指示采用TLV格式进行封装的接入参数的长度，即指示值字段占用的字节长度。
9、值(value)字段，用于指示采用TLV格式进行封装的接入参数的值，占用的字节长度与指示的接入参数的值相关，占用固定的字节长度或者可变的字节长度。
以太网帧中的TLV三元组的含义如图12所示。当报文类型字段是第一类型字段时，同组的参数字段用于指示接入网络设备的设备地址。当报文类型字段是第二类型字段时，同组的参数字段用于指示接入终端的设备类型和/或接入终端在接入网络设备中的接入位置。本实施例对以太网帧中指示的接入终端的设备地址和端口标识等参数不作赘述。在图12中，类型字段＝1表示报文类型字段是第一类型字段，此时值字段用于指示接 入网络设备的设备标识，可选的，设备标识是接入网络设备的MAC地址，值字段占用6个字节，长度字段＝6。类型字段＝10表示报文类型字段是第二类型字段，此时值字段用于指示接入网络设备的邻居信息，在本实施例中，邻居信息包括接入终端的接入位置和/或设备类型。值字段占用的字节长度可变，长度字段的取值是可变的，与值字段实际占用的字节长度。另外，当类型字段＝0时，值字段用于指示以太网帧结束。
类型字段＝10时，值字段包括的内容如图13所示，值字段至少包括邻居个数(neighbour num)字段和邻居列表(neighbour list)字段。其中，邻居个数字段通常占用一个字节长度，在本实施例中，该字段用于指示与接入网络设备相连的接入终端的个数。邻居列表字段占用的字节的长度可变，用于指示一个或多个邻居的邻居参数，在本实施例中，每个邻居参数包括每个接入终端的设备类型、接入位置、接入终端的端口标识和接入终端的设备地址等参数。比如，在图13中，邻居列表字段包括K个邻居参数，K≥1，则邻居个数字段＝K。
每个邻居参数的格式如图14所示，邻居参数中包括的字段及字段含义如下所示：
1、邻居设备标识(neighbour device ID)字段，通常占用6个字节，用于指示邻居网络设备的设备地址。在本实施例中，该字段用于指示接入终端的设备地址。
2、本端端口标识(local port ID)字段，用于指示接入位置的信息，也即接入网络设备中与接入终端相连的网络端口的端口信息。本端端口标识字段包括端口标识长度(port ID length)字段和端口标识(port ID)字段，端口标识长度字段通常占用一个字节，用于指示端口标识的长度，即端口标识字段占用的长度。端口标识字段通常占用16个字节长度，用于指示网络端口的端口标识，则端口标识长度字段＝16。
3、本端链路汇聚标识(local link aggregation ID)字段，通常占用2个字节，用于指示接入位置所属的用链路汇聚得到的端口的端口标识，当本端中继标识字段是0xFFFF时，表示本端网络设备中的网络端口未加入用链路汇聚得到的端口中。
4、远程端口标识(remote port ID)字段，用于指示邻居网络设备中与网络设备相连的网络端口的信息，在本实施例中，该字段用于指示接入终端中用于与接入网络设备相连的网络端口的信息。远程端口标识字段包括端口标识长度(port ID length)字段和端口标识(port ID)字段，字段的含义可以结合上述本端端口标识字段，本实施例对此不再赘述。
5、远程链路汇聚标识(remote link aggregation ID)字段，通常占用2个字节，用于指示邻居网络设备中用于与本端网络设备相连的网络端口所属的用链路汇聚得到的端口的端口标识，在本实施例中，该字段用于指示接入终端中用于与接入网络设备相连的网络端口所属的用链路汇聚得到的端口的端口标识。当远程链路汇聚标识是0xFFFF时，表示邻居网络设备中用于与本端网络设备相连的网络端口未加入用链路汇聚得到的端口中。
6、设备类型(device type)字段，通常占用一个字节，用于指示接入终端的设备类型，该字段为1时，指示的设备类型是WAP，该字段为0时，指示的设备类型是有线接入终端。
比如，以图8所示的网络拓扑结构为例，假设接入网络设备330接收到接入终端351发送的LLDP帧，且接收到的LLDP帧中包括的TLV三元组如图9所示，则接入网络设备330 向管理网络设备310发送的CAPWAP报文中的以太网帧中包括的内容如图15所示。其中，MAC 2是接入网络设备330的设备标识，GE0/0/2是接入网络设备330中用于与接入终端351相连的端口332的端口标识。
步骤503，管理网络设备接收接入网络设备发送的接入终端的接入参数。
对应的，管理网络设备用CAPWAP协议接收接入网络设备发送的接入参数。
步骤504，管理网络设备根据预设对应关系确定与设备类型对应的配置参数。
步骤505，管理网络设备根据网络拓扑和参数类型确定以接入参数中包括的接入位置为端点的业务路径。
假设网络拓扑结构如上述图8所示，管理网络设备310确定的与接入终端351对应的配置参数是VLAN 100，则管理网络设备310确定的业务路径是管理网络设备310与接入终端351之间的网络路径。即业务路径为，管理网络设备310的端口311→中继网络设备320的端口321→中继网络设备320的端口322→接入网络设备330的端口331→接入网络设备330的端口332→接入终端351的端口3511。
步骤506，管理网络设备确定业务路径中的各个网络设备的网络端口。
步骤507，管理网络设备根据每个网络设备的网络端口，以及配置参数生成与网络设备对应的配置指令。
其中，配置指令用于指示至少一个网络设备根据配置参数和端口标识进行配置，端口标识是该网络设备中位于业务路径中的网络端口的标识。
可选的，管理网络设备用CAPWAP协议向业务路径中的各个网络设备发送配置指令，管理网络设备向每个网络设备发送CAPWAP报文，CAPWAP报文中携带有配置指令，配置指令以TLV三元组的格式进行封装，CAPWAP报文的格式如上述图10所示。配置指令携带在以太网帧中，以太网帧的格式如上述图11所示。
可选的，配置指令中包括至少一组报文类型字段和参数字段，可选的，将一组报文类型字段、参数字段与报文长度字段加入一个TLV三元组中。TLV三元组中的类型字段为报文类型字段，长度字段为报文长度字段，值字段为参数字段。当报文类型字段是第一类型字段时，同组的参数字段用于指示配置参数；当报文类型字段是第二类型字段时，同组的参数字段用于指示网络端口的端口标识。
当配置参数对应的参数类型不同时，第一类型字段的取值不同。以太网帧中的TLV的格式可以如上图12所示时，类型字段＝11、类型字段＝13以及类型字段＝14表示的报文类型字段均为第一类型字段。类型字段＝11时，值字段用于指示的配置参数是VLAN标识。类型字段＝13时，值字段用于指示的配置参数是IGMP窥探，值字段＝1时表示使能IGMP窥探，值字段＝0时表示去使能IGMP窥探。类型字段＝14时，值字段用于指示的配置参数是DHCP窥探，值字段＝1表示使能DHCP窥探，值字段＝0表示去使能DHCP窥探。类型字段＝2表示的报文类型字段是第二类型字段，此时值字段用于指示网络端口的端口标识。另外，类型字段＝0时，值字段用于指示以太网帧结束。当配置参数是VLAN标识时，以太网帧中还包括用于指示参数配置方式的TLV，参数配置方式包括允许加入或者缺省方式，允许加入用于指示网络设备允许添加有该VLAN标识的业务数据通过，缺省方式用于指示网络设备配置缺省VLAN为该VLAN标识对应的VLAN。比如，在上述图12中，类型字段＝12时， 值字段用于指示参数配置方式，值字段＝1时，用于指示参数配置方式为缺省方式，值字段＝0时，用于指示参数配置方式为允许加入。
步骤508，管理网络设备向业务路径中的至少一个网络设备发送配置指令。
可选的，管理网络设备用CAPWAP协议向业务路径中的至少一个网络设备发送配置指令。
步骤509，接入网络设备接收管理网络设备发送的配置指令。
可选的，接入网络设备用CAPWAP协议接收管理网络设备发送的配置指令。
步骤510，接入网络设备用配置指令指示的配置参数进行配置。
可选的，接入网络设备在根据配置参数和网络端口进行配置后，对从网络端口接收和/或发送的业务数据进行处理。
可选的，当配置指令指示的配置参数包括VLAN标识且指示的是接入位置时，配置指令指示的参数配置方式通常为缺省方式。当配置指令指示的配置参数包括VLAN标识且指示的是用于与其他网络设备相连的网络端口时，配置指令指示的参数配置方式通常为允许加入。则接入网络设备根据配置指令进行配置后，通过网络端口接收和/或发送添加有该VLAN标识的业务数据，以及，为通过接入位置接收到的业务数据添加该VLAN标识。
可选的，配置指令指示的配置参数包括VLAN标识和使能IGMP窥探，则管理网络设备向各个网络设备发送用于指示VLAN标识的配置指令，且管理网络设备还向接入网络设备发送用于指示使能IGMP窥探的配置指令，接入网络设备根据配置指令使能IGMP窥探。
步骤511，中继网络设备接收管理网络设备发送的配置指令。
步骤512，中继网络设备用配置指令指示的配置参数进行配置。
当该业务路径中包括多个中继网络设备时，每个中继网络设备都通过步骤511和步骤512示出的方法接收配置指令并进行配置，中继网络设备根据配置指令指示的配置参数进行配置的方法可以结合上述步骤510示出的接入网络设备进行配置的方法，本实施例对此不再赘述。另外，上述步骤511和步骤512是可选的，当业务路径中不包括中继网络设备时，该参数配置方法中不包括步骤511和步骤512。
业务路径中的各个网络设备根据配置指令指示的配置参数进行配置后，业务路径中的至少一个网络设备可以向接入终端转发业务。
综上所述，本申请实施例提供的参数配置方法，管理网络设备接收接入网络设备发送的接入终端的接入参数，根据接入参数确定与接入终端对应的配置参数和业务路径，向业务路径中的各个网络设备发送配置指令，配置指令用于指示网络设备根据配置参数进行配置；解决了需要由网络管理员预先对接入终端相关的网络设备进行人工参数配置而导致的参数配置效率不高的问题；达到了管理网络设备自动根据接入参数生成配置指令，使接入终端对应的业务路径中的各个网络设备自动根据配置指令进行配置，提高了参数配置效率的效果。
本申请实施例提供的参数配置方法，接入终端在与接入网络设备相连后，接入网络设备确定并向管理网络设备发送接入终端的接入位置，管理网络设备根据接入位置确定业务路径；解决了网络管理员在预先对接入终端相关的网络设备进行参数配置时，若接入终端实际连接至接入网络设备中的其他接入位置，则需要重新对网络设备进行参数配置而导致的参数配置不够灵活的问题，提高了参数配置的灵活性。
本申请实施例提供的参数配置方法，接入终端在与接入网络设备相连后，接入网络设备接收接入终端通过LLDP发送的设备类型，管理网络设备根据设备类型确定配置参数，再向各个网络设备发送指示该配置参数的配置指令；当与接入网络设备相连的接入终端的设备类型发生变化时，管理网络设备可以确定出新的配置参数，并重新指示各个网络设备根据新的配置参数进行配置，避免了网络管理员预先对网络设备进行参数配置后，当实际接入的接入终端的设备类型发生变化时，网络设备无法根据网络管理员的预先配置将业务数据转发至新的接入终端的问题。
比如，以接入终端是图8所示的网络拓扑结构中的接入终端351为例，接入终端351是WAP。接入网络设备330向管理网络设备310发送的CAPWAP报文中携带的接入参数如上述图15所示。管理网络设备310确定的与设备类型对应的配置参数为VLAN 100。管理网络设备310确定的业务路径如上述步骤505所示。管理网络设备向业务路径中包括的中继网络设备320和接入网络设备330发送配置指令。中继网络设备320根据配置指令进行配置后，允许从端口321接收和/或发送添加有VLAN 100的业务数据，且允许从端口322接收和/或发送添加有VLAN 100的业务数据。接入网络设备330根据配置指令进行配置后，允许从端口331接收和/或发送添加有VLAN 100的业务数据，以及为从端口332接收的业务数据添加VLAN 100，以及，允许从端口332发送添加有VLAN 100的业务数据。
在另一个示例性的例子中，以接入终端是图8所示的网络拓扑结构中的接入终端354为例，接入终端354是机顶盒。接入网络设备340向管理网络设备310发送的CAPWAP报文中携带的接入参数的格式与上述图15类似，本实施例不再赘述。管理网络设备310确定的与设备类型对应的配置参数包括VLAN 10和使能IGMP窥探。管理网络设备310确定的业务路径包括管理网络设备的端口311→中继网络设备320的端口321→中继网络设备320的端口323→接入网络设备340的端口341→接入网络设备340的端口343→接入终端354的端口3541的网络路径，以及，接入网络设备340的端口343→接入终端354的端口3541的网络路径。管理网络设备310向业务路径中包括的中继网络设备320和接入网络设备340发送用于指示VLAN 10的配置指令，则中继网络设备320和接入网络设备340根据VLAN10进行配置，如上一个示例性实施例所示，本实施例对此不再赘述。除此之外，管理网络设备310还向接入网络设备340发送用于指示使能IGMP窥探的配置指令，接入网络设备340还用于根据配置指令使能IGMP窥探，将接收到的业务数据通过端口343发送至接入终端354。
可选的，在上述图4或图5所示的实施例之前，参数配置系统中的至少两个网络设备在连接完成并通电后，各个网络设备向管理网络设备进行注册，且管理网络设备确定该参数配置系统的网络拓扑结构。以至少两个网络设备包括管理网络设备、中继网络设备和接入网络设备为例，该过程包括如下几个步骤：
(1)、中继网络设备和接入网络设备向管理网络设备进行注册。
可选的，管理网络设备作为CAPWAP协议中的server角色，中继网络设备和接入网络设备作为CAPWAP协议中的client角色向管理网络设备进行注册。
(2)、中继网络设备和接入网络设备确定邻居参数。
可选的，对于任意一个网络设备，邻居参数包括该网络设备的设备地址、网络设备中用于与邻居网络设备相连的网络端口的端口标识、邻居网络设备的设备地址，以及邻居网络设备中用于与该网络设备相连的网络端口的端口标识或其任意组合。
可选的，邻居网络设备使能LLDP，邻居网络设备将自己的设备地址和端口标识等分别加入LLDP数据单元中的一个TLV三元组中，并发送给网络设备。该步骤的实现方式可以结合上述步骤501，本实施例对此不再赘述。
(3)、中继网络设备和接入网络设备向管理网络设备发送邻居参数。
可选的，中继网络设备和接入网络设备向管理网络设备发送CAPWAP报文，CAPWAP报文中携带有一个或多个邻居参数，该邻居参数以TLV三元组的格式进行封装。中继网络设备和接入网络设备向管理网络设备发送的CAPWAP报文的一种格式如上图10-13所示，不同TLV的定义如上图12所示，本实施例对此不再赘述。
(4)、管理网络设备根据接收到的邻居参数确定系统的网络拓扑结构。
管理网络设备接收每一个网络设备发送的CAPWAP报文，根据接收到的CAPWAP报文确定每一个网络设备与其他网络设备之间的连接关系，从而确定整个参数配置系统的网络拓扑结构。
请参考图16，其示出了本申请一个实施例提供的管理网络设备的结构示意图，该管理网络设备至少包括处理器1610和网络端口1620。
处理器1610包括一个或者一个以上处理核心。处理器用于执行管理网络设备的各种功能应用以及用于进行数据处理。处理器中包括网络处理器(英文：network processor，NP)，和/或中央处理器(英文：central processing unit，CPU)。
管理网络设备通常包括多个网络端口1620。每一个网络端口1620均与处理器1610相连，管理网络设备通过网络端口1620与其他网络设备进行通信。如图16示出了管理网络设备中包括3个网络端口1620的示意图。
如果处理器1610是CPU，则管理网络设备的结构示意图如图16所示，此时管理网络设备中通常还包括存储器1630。
存储器1630通过总线1640与处理器1610相连。存储器1630用于存储指令，处理器1610通过执行存储器1630中存储的指令实现上述参数配置方法。可选的，存储器包括随机存取存储器(英文：random-access memory，RAM)和/或闪存(英文：flash memory)
如果处理器1610是NP，则管理网络设备的结构示意图如图17所示，则管理网络设备中的指令通常直接存储在NP中，管理网络设备中可以不包括存储器。
请参考上述图16，其示出了本申请一个实施例提供的接入网络设备的结构示意图，该接入网络设备至少包括处理器1610和网络端口1620。
处理器1610包括一个或者一个以上处理核心。处理器用于执行接入网络设备的各种功能应用以及用于进行数据处理。处理器中包括NP，和/或CPU。
接入网络设备中的网络端口1620通常包括多个，每一个网络端口1620均与处理器1610相连，接入网络设备通过网络端口1620与其他网络设备或接入终端进行通信。如图16示出了接入网络设备中包括3个网络端口1620的示意图。
如果处理器1610是CPU，则管理网络设备的结构示意图如图16所示，此时接入网络设备中通常还包括存储器1630。
存储器1630通过总线1640与处理器1610相连。存储器1630用于存储指令，处理器1610通过执行存储器1630中存储的指令实现上述参数配置方法。可选的，存储器包括RAM和/或闪存。
如果处理器1610是NP，则管理网络设备的结构示意图如图17所示，则接入网络设备中的指令通常直接存储在NP中，接入网络设备可以不包括存储器。
请参考图18，其示出了本申请一个实施例提供的参数配置装置的框图。该参数配置装置可以通过软件、硬件或者两者的结合实现成为管理网络设备的全部或者一部分。该参数配置装置可以包括：接收单元1810和发送单元1820。
接收单元1810，用于实现上述步骤403和步骤503的功能。
发送单元1820，用于实现上述步骤404和步骤508的功能。
可选的，该装置还包括处理单元1830，该装置的框图如图19所示：
处理单元1830，用于实现上述步骤504、步骤505、步骤506和步骤507的功能。
相关细节可以结合参考上述图4和图5所示的方法实施例。
在实际实现时，图18或图19所示的管理网络设备用于实现上述图4或图5所示的实施例示出的参数配置方法，管理网络设备在接收信息时，都可以由上述接收单元1810实现。管理网络设备在发送信息时，都可以由上述发送单元1820实现。管理网络设备在执行处理和计算步骤时，都可以由上述处理单元1830实现。
请参考图20，其示出了本申请一个实施例提供的参数配置装置的框图。该参数配置装置可以通过软件、硬件或者两者的结合实现成为接入网络设备的全部或者一部分。该参数配置装置可以包括：处理单元2010、发送单元2020和接收单元2030。
处理单元2010，用于实现上述步骤401、步骤406、步骤501和步骤510的功能。
发送单元2020，用于实现上述步骤402和步骤502的功能。
接收单元2030，用于实现上述步骤405和步骤509的功能。
相关细节可以结合参考上述图4和图5所示的方法实施例。
在实际实现时，图20所示的接入网络设备用于实现上述图4或图5所示的实施例示出的参数配置方法，接入网络设备在执行处理和计算步骤时，都可以由上述处理单元2010实现。接入网络设备在发送信息时，都可以由上述发送单元2020实现。接入网络设备在接收信息时，都可以由上述接收单元2030实现。
上述本申请实施例序号仅仅为了描述，不代表实施例的优劣。
本领域普通技术人员可以理解实现上述实施例的全部或部分步骤可以通过硬件来完成，也可以通过程序来指令相关的硬件完成，所述的程序可以存储于一种计算机可读存储介质中，上述提到的存储介质可以是只读存储器，磁盘或光盘等。
以上所述，仅为本发明较佳的具体实施方式，但本发明的保护范围并不局限于此，任何熟悉本技术领域的技术人员在本发明揭露的技术范围内，可轻易想到的变化或替换，都应涵盖在本发明的保护范围之内。因此，本发明的保护范围应该以权利要求的保护范围为准。

Claims (16)

  1. 一种参数配置方法，其特征在于，所述方法包括：
    管理网络设备接收接入网络设备发送的接入终端的接入参数，所述接入网络设备是与接入终端相连的网络设备；
    所述管理网络设备向与所述接入终端对应的业务路径中的至少一个网络设备发送配置指令，所述配置指令包括配置参数，所述配置指令用于指示所述至少一个网络设备根据所述配置参数进行配置，所述至少一个网络设备包括所述接入网络设备。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的方法，其特征在于，所述接入参数包括所述接入终端的设备类型；
    所述方法还包括：
    所述管理网络设备根据预设对应关系确定与所述接入终端的所述设备类型对应的所述配置参数，所述预设对应关系包括至少一个设备类型到至少一个配置参数的映射。
  3. 根据权利要求1或2所述的方法，其特征在于，所述接入参数包括所述接入终端的接入位置；
    所述方法还包括：
    所述管理网络设备确定所述配置参数的参数类型；
    所述管理网络设备根据网络拓扑和所述参数类型确定以所述接入位置为端点的所述业务路径。
  4. 一种参数配置方法，其特征在于，所述方法包括：
    接入网络设备确定接入终端的接入参数；
    所述接入网络设备向管理网络设备发送所述接入参数；
    所述接入网络设备接收所述管理网络设备发送的配置指令，所述配置指令包括配置参数；
    所述接入网络设备用所述配置参数进行配置。
  5. 根据权利要求4所述的方法，其特征在于，所述接入参数包括所述接入终端的设备类型；
    所述接入网络设备确定接入终端的接入参数，包括：
    接收所述接入终端发送的链路层通告协议帧，所述链路层通告协议帧包括所述设备类型。
  6. 一种参数配置装置，其特征在于，所述装置包括：
    接收单元，用于接收接入网络设备发送的接入终端的接入参数，所述接入网络设备是与接入终端相连的网络设备；
    发送单元，用于向与所述接入终端对应的业务路径中的至少一个网络设备发送配置指令，所述配置指令包括配置参数，所述配置指令用于指示所述至少一个网络设备根据所述配置参数进行配置，所述至少一个网络设备包括所述接入网络设备。
  7. 根据权利要求6所述的装置，其特征在于，所述接入参数中包括所述接入终端的设备类型；所述装置还包括：
    处理单元，用于根据预设对应关系确定与所述接入终端的所述设备类型对应的所述配置参数，所述预设对应关系包括至少一个设备类型到至少一个配置参数的映射。
  8. 根据权利要求6或7所述的装置，其特征在于，所述接入参数中还包括所述接入终端的接入位置；
    所述处理单元，还用于确定所述配置参数的参数类型，并根据网络拓扑和所述参数类型确定以所述接入位置为端点的所述业务路径。
  9. 一种参数配置装置，其特征在于，所述装置包括：
    处理单元，用于确定接入终端的接入参数；
    发送单元，用于向管理网络设备发送所述接入参数；
    接收单元，用于接收所述管理网络设备发送的配置指令，所述配置指令包括配置参数；
    处理单元，用于用所述配置参数进行配置。
  10. 根据权利要求9所述的装置，其特征在于，所述接入参数中包括所述接入终端的设备类型；
    所述处理单元，还用于接收所述接入终端发送的链路层通告协议帧，所述链路层通告协议帧包括所述设备类型。
  11. 一种管理网络设备，其特征在于，所述管理网络设备包括：处理器和网络端口；
    所述处理器，用于通过所述网络端口接收接入网络设备发送的接入终端的接入参数，所述接入网络设备是与接入终端相连的网络设备；
    所述处理器，还用于通过所述网络端口向与所述接入终端对应的业务路径中的至少一个网络设备发送配置指令，所述配置指令包括配置参数，所述配置指令用于指示所述至少一个网络设备根据所述配置参数进行配置，所述至少一个网络设备包括所述接入网络设备。
  12. 根据权利要求11所述的管理网络设备，其特征在于，所述接入参数中包括所述接入终端的设备类型；
    所述处理器，还用于根据预设对应关系确定与所述接入终端的所述设备类型对应的所述配置参数，所述预设对应关系包括至少一个设备类型到至少一个配置参数的映射。
  13. 根据权利要求11或12所述的管理网络设备，其特征在于，所述接入参数中还包括所述接入终端的接入位置；
    所述处理器，还用于确定所述配置参数的参数类型；
    所述处理器，还用于根据网络拓扑和所述参数类型确定以所述接入位置为端点的所述业务路径。
  14. 一种接入网络设备，其特征在于，所述接入网络设备包括：处理器和网络端口；
    所述处理器，用于确定接入终端的接入参数；
    所述处理器，还用于通过所述网络端口向管理网络设备发送所述接入参数；
    所述处理器，还用于通过所述网络端口接收所述管理网络设备发送的配置指令，所述配置指令包括配置参数；
    所述处理器，还用于用所述配置参数进行配置。
  15. 根据权利要求14所述的接入网络设备，其特征在于，所述接入参数中包括所述接入终端的设备类型；
    所述处理器，还用于接收所述接入终端发送的链路层通告协议帧，所述链路层通告协议帧包括所述设备类型。
  16. 一种业务配置系统，其特征在于，所述系统包括：如权利要求11至13任一所述的管理网络设备，以及，如权利要求14或15所述的接入网络设备。
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