WO2018045684A1 - 一种接口设备、安全接入的方法及装置 - Google Patents

一种接口设备、安全接入的方法及装置 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2018045684A1
WO2018045684A1 PCT/CN2016/113268 CN2016113268W WO2018045684A1 WO 2018045684 A1 WO2018045684 A1 WO 2018045684A1 CN 2016113268 W CN2016113268 W CN 2016113268W WO 2018045684 A1 WO2018045684 A1 WO 2018045684A1
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Prior art keywords
pin
voltage value
position detection
detection pin
master device
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
杨莲科
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Guangzhou Shiyuan Electronics Thecnology Co Ltd
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Guangzhou Shiyuan Electronics Thecnology Co Ltd
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    • G—PHYSICS
    • G06—COMPUTING OR CALCULATING; COUNTING
    • G06F—ELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
    • G06F13/00—Interconnection of, or transfer of information or other signals between, memories, input/output devices or central processing units
    • G06F13/38—Information transfer, e.g. on bus
    • G06F13/40—Bus structure
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G06—COMPUTING OR CALCULATING; COUNTING
    • G06F—ELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
    • G06F13/00—Interconnection of, or transfer of information or other signals between, memories, input/output devices or central processing units
    • G06F13/38—Information transfer, e.g. on bus
    • G06F13/40—Bus structure
    • G06F13/4063—Device-to-bus coupling
    • G06F13/4068—Electrical coupling
    • G06F13/4072—Drivers or receivers

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to the field of interface protection technologies, and in particular, to an interface device, a method and device for secure access.
  • Hot-plugging refers to the plugging and unplugging, that is, removing or replacing a component of a host or a device connected to a host without shutting down the system and without turning off the power.
  • Hot-plugging refers to the plugging and unplugging, that is, removing or replacing a component of a host or a device connected to a host without shutting down the system and without turning off the power.
  • Today when two devices are plugged and unplugged in interfaces and connectors, they are usually hot swapped. For example, computers and USB flash drives, computers and mice, or mobile power and electronic devices.
  • the electronic device where the interface is located is usually in a power-on state, that is, the power pin in the interface is always in the power supply state, and when the conductive foreign matter falls into the interface, the risk of short-circuiting and fire to the electronic device is easily caused.
  • the device where the connector is located when connecting, because the order of the pin connections cannot be guaranteed, it is easy for the device where the connector is located to cause current to be reversed to the device where the interface is located, so that the device where the interface is located is damaged.
  • the embodiments of the present invention provide an interface device, a method and a device for secure access, to solve the technical problem that current leakage and low security are easy to occur when the device is connected.
  • an embodiment of the present invention provides an interface device, including: a first device and a second device, where
  • the first device includes a first connection end
  • the first connection end includes: a ground pin, a data pin, a power pin, and an in-position detection pin;
  • the second device includes a second connection end
  • the second connection end includes: a ground pin, a data pin, a power pin, and an in-position detection pin for respectively respectively, a ground pin, a data pin, a power pin, and the first pin
  • the bit detection pin is connected;
  • the first connection end and the second connection end are used for plugging and unplugging operations, and the ground pins are first connected when inserted, and the in-position detection pins are finally connected;
  • One of the first device and the second device is a master device, and the other is a slave device.
  • the embodiment of the present invention further provides a method for secure access, which is used in the foregoing interface device, and includes:
  • the embodiment of the present invention further provides a device for securely accessing the interface device, including:
  • a monitoring module for monitoring a voltage value of the in-position detection pin in the master device
  • a confirmation module configured to confirm establishing a connection with the slave device when detecting that the voltage value of the in-position detection pin satisfies the first preset change rule.
  • the interface device includes a first device and a second device, and the data pin, the power pin, and the ground are set in the first connection end of the first device.
  • a pin and an in-position detection pin, and a ground pin, a data pin, a power pin, and an in-position detection pin are disposed in the second connection end of the second device, and one of the first device and the second device is The master device and the other slave device.
  • the last connection of the bit detection pin ensures that after confirming the device connection, the slave device is supplied with power, and then data communication is performed to realize the device.
  • Cold swapping avoids the problem of easy damage to the device and data loss when hot swapping between devices, and improves the security when plugging and unplugging devices.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of connection of an interface device according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention.
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a pin of a first connection end according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of a pin of a second connection end according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention.
  • FIG. 5 is a flowchart of a method for secure access according to Embodiment 3 of the present invention.
  • FIG. 6 is a flowchart of a method for secure access according to Embodiment 4 of the present invention.
  • FIG. 7 is a schematic structural diagram of an apparatus for secure access according to Embodiment 5 of the present invention.
  • This embodiment provides an interface device, including a first device and a second device.
  • the first device The first connection end includes: a ground pin, at least one data pin, a power pin, and an in-position detection pin;
  • the second device includes a second connection end, and the second connection end includes: a ground pin At least one data pin, a power pin, and an in-position detection pin for respectively connecting with a ground pin, a data pin, a power pin, and an in-position detection pin in the first connection;
  • the first connection end The second connection end is used for plugging and unplugging operation, and the ground pin is first connected at the time of insertion, and the bit detection pin is finally connected; one of the first device and the second device is a master device, and the other is a slave device.
  • the first device is used as the master device and the second device is used as the slave device.
  • the master device is an active device
  • the slave device is an active device or a passive device.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of connection of an interface device according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention.
  • a pin, a data pin, a power pin, and an in-position detection pin of a first terminal 10 of a master device are provided. They are defined as a first ground pin 11, a first data pin 12, a first power pin 13 and a first in-position detection pin 14, respectively.
  • the ground pin, the data pin, the power pin, and the in-position sense pin of the second connection terminal 20 of the slave device are respectively defined as a second ground pin 21, a second data pin 22, and a second power pin 23 And a second in-position detection pin 24.
  • a first in-position detection pin 14 and a second in-position detection pin 24 are respectively disposed in the first connection terminal 10 and the second connection terminal 20, and can be used to confirm the connection state of the master device and the slave device,
  • the connection status includes establishing and disconnecting.
  • the second connection 20 of the slave device is connected to the first connector 10 of the master device
  • the bit detection pins 24 are connected to the first ground pin 11, the at least one first data pin 12, the first power supply pin 13, and the first in-position detection pin 14, respectively.
  • the number of the second data pins 22 is the same as the number of the first data pins 12, and the positions of the pins in the respective connection ends are the same.
  • the first in-position detection pin 14 and the second in-position detection lead Pin 24 is finally connected to ensure that other pins (such as power pins or data pins) are connected, that is, the master device and the slave device are connected.
  • the master device After confirming the connection, the master device begins to provide power to the slave device for data communication with the slave device.
  • the first in-position detection pin 14 and the second in-position detection pin 24 are first disconnected, so that other pins are not disconnected, and the confirmation is performed.
  • the master device and the slave device are disconnected, so that the master device stops data communication with the slave device and disconnects the power source, thereby avoiding data loss or device damage caused when the device is suddenly pulled out.
  • the first ground pin 11 and the second ground pin 21 are first connected, that is, the interface device is grounded first, which prevents the current in the slave device from flowing into the master device through other pins. .
  • the master device controls the voltage value of the first power pin 13 to be zero. After confirming the connection, the master device supplies power to the slave device, and performs data communication with the slave device after providing power.
  • the master device gives the first in-position detection pin 14 a voltage value, which is recorded as the first voltage value, and the slave device causes the voltage value of the second in-position detection pin 24 to be different from the first voltage value when the first
  • the master device can confirm the connection state with the slave device by detecting the change in the voltage value of the first in-position detection pin 14.
  • the length of the pin in the first connection end is the longest
  • the length of the bit detection pin is the shortest
  • the pin, the data pin, and the power pin in the second connection end are And the length of the in-position detection pin is equal.
  • the length of the pins in each connection end is the length of the metal piece of each pin.
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a pin of a first connection end according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of a pin of a second connection end according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention, and the first connection end and the following are combined with FIG. 2 and FIG.
  • the two terminals are exemplified.
  • the length of the first ground pin 11 is the longest, that is, the first ground pin 11 of each pin is closest to the insertion edge side 15, and the first in-position detection pin 14
  • the length of the first bit detection pin 14 is the farthest from the plug edge side 15 of each pin, and the length of the at least one first data pin 12 and the first power pin 13 may be the same or different.
  • the specific length value of each pin can be set according to the actual situation.
  • the length of the first ground pin 11 is 8 mm
  • the length of at least one first data pin 12 and the first power pin 13 is 6 mm
  • the length of the first in-position detecting pin 14 is 3.5 mm.
  • the second ground pin 21, the at least one second data pin 22, the second power supply pin 23, and the second in-position detection pin 24 have the same length, that is, each pin The same distance as the insertion edge side 25.
  • the length value of each pin can be set according to the actual situation.
  • the length value of each pin in the second connection terminal 20 is the same as the length of the first ground pin 11 in the corresponding first connection terminal 10.
  • the first ground pin 11 is the longest, when the first connection end 10 is connected to the second connection end 20, the first ground pin 11 and the second ground pin 21 are first connected. Since the length of the first in-position detecting pin 14 is the shortest, when the first connecting end 10 is connected to the second connecting end 20, the first in-position detecting pin 14 is finally connected to the second in-position detecting pin 24.
  • the ground pin in the slave device is connected to the bit detection pin in the slave device.
  • the second in-position detection pin 24 is connected to the second ground pin 21 to ensure that the voltage value of the second in-position detection pin 24 is always zero.
  • the first in-position detecting pin 14 When the first in-position detecting pin 14 is connected to the second in-position detecting pin 24, the voltage value of the first in-position detecting pin 14 becomes zero, and the master device monitors the first in-position detecting pin 14 When the voltage value becomes zero, it is confirmed that a connection is established with the slave device. Similarly, when the first in-position detection pin 14 is disconnected from the second in-position detection pin 24, the voltage value of the first in-position detection pin 14 is zero-returned. When the first voltage value is restored, the master device can confirm that the voltage is disconnected from the device when the voltage value of the first in-position detecting pin 14 is changed from zero to the first voltage value.
  • FIGS. 1, 2 and 3 only show schematic views of the first connection end 10 and the second connection end 20 exemplarily.
  • the positional relationship among the pins can be arbitrarily changed, and only one position of the position of each pin in the first connection terminal 10 and the position of the corresponding pin in the second connection terminal 20 can be satisfied.
  • the first device may also be a slave device, and at this time, the second device is a master device.
  • the slave device can confirm the connection status with the master device by the in-position detection pin.
  • connection end of the primary device is an interface
  • connection end of the secondary device is a connector
  • An interface device includes a first device and a second device, by setting a data pin, a power pin, a ground pin, and an in-position detection pin in a first connection end of the first device a ground pin, a data pin, a power pin, and an in-position detection pin are disposed in the second connection end of the second device, and one of the first device and the second device is a master device and the other is a slave device .
  • the ground pin is first connected to ensure that the current flows into the ground pin first when the device is connected, preventing current inrush from occurring, and the last bit in the bit detection pin is connected, ensuring that the device is connected after confirmation.
  • the slave device is supplied with power, and after the power is supplied, the slave device performs data communication, thereby implementing cold swapping between the devices, thereby improving the security when the device is plugged and unplugged.
  • FIG. 4 is a flowchart of a method for secure access according to Embodiment 2 of the present invention.
  • the method for secure access provided in this embodiment is applied to the interface device provided in Embodiment 1.
  • the method for secure access provided by this embodiment may be performed by a device that is securely accessed, and the device may be implemented by software and/or hardware, and Integrated in the main device.
  • the method provided in this embodiment specifically includes:
  • the master device is a terminal having an interface, such as a desktop computer, a notebook, a mobile phone, or the like.
  • the master device monitors the voltage value of the master device in the bit detection pin.
  • the voltage value monitoring method is not specifically limited in this embodiment.
  • the master device can monitor the voltage value of the master device in-position detection pin in real time.
  • the master device provides a stable voltage value to the master device at the bit detection pin.
  • the slave device sets the voltage value of the slave device's in-position detection pin to be different from the voltage value of the master device's in-position detection pin.
  • the master device interface when the master device interface is connected to the slave device connector (refer to FIG. 1), the master device ground pin and the slave device ground pin are first connected, and the master device in-position detection pin and the slave device in-position detection pin are last. Connected. Since the voltage value of the in-position detection pin of the master device is different from the voltage value of the in-position detection pin of the slave device, a current is generated when connected, so that the voltage value of the in-position detection pin of the master device changes.
  • the first preset change rule may be determined according to a voltage value of the master device in-position detection pin and a voltage value of the slave device in-position detection pin. For example, when the voltage value of the master device's bit detection pin is higher than the voltage value of the slave device's in-position detection pin, the first preset change rule is that the voltage value of the master device in-position detection pin changes from high to low. For another example, when the voltage value of the in-position detection pin of the master device is lower than the voltage value of the in-position detection pin of the slave device, the first preset change rule is that the voltage value of the in-position detection pin of the master device is changed from low to high. For another example, the first preset change rule is that the voltage value of the master device in-position detection pin changes from the first voltage value to the second voltage value, and the first voltage value and the second voltage value can be set according to actual conditions.
  • the master device in-position detection pin is connected to the power source, and the power source and the master device are in position detection. Connect at least one resistor in series between the feet.
  • the voltage value of the master device's bit detection pin is the same as the voltage value of the power supply.
  • the slave in-position sense pin is connected to the slave device ground pin.
  • the first preset change rule is that the voltage value of the main device in-position detection pin is changed from the power supply voltage value. zero.
  • the master device has at least one resistor connected in series between the bit detection pin and the power supply to prevent a short circuit when the slave device is connected to the bit detection pin. If other conductive foreign objects are connected to the main device in-position detection pin, it can still prevent short circuit and protect the connected device.
  • the slave device in-position detection pin can also be connected to other electronic components, and only needs to satisfy the change of the voltage value of the master device in-position detection pin when the bit detection pin is connected.
  • the master device after confirming that the master device establishes a connection with the slave device, the master device provides power to the slave device, and starts data communication with the slave device after providing power.
  • the master device can also monitor the level of the master device in-position detection pin, and confirm the connection with the slave device when the level changes are detected. For example, the master device outputs a high level to the master device in the bit detection pin, and the slave device in-position detection pin is connected to the slave device pin. When the master device is connected to the slave device, the master device is grounded at the bit detection pin, and the high level is changed to a low level. When the master device detects that the master device in-position detection pin changes from high level to low level, the acknowledge and slave are confirmed. Device connection. That is, the first preset change rule is that the host device in-position detection pin changes from a high level to a low level.
  • the master device when the master device detects that the voltage value of the in-position detection pin meets the first preset change rule, confirms that the connection with the slave device is established, and the slave device can be normally connected during the connection process to ensure the master connection. Security of data transfer between the device and the slave device.
  • the master device may further include: the master device causes the voltage value of the power pin in the master device to be zero.
  • the voltage value of the power supply pin of the master device is zero, which can ensure the power supply pin and slave device of the master device.
  • the standby power pins are connected, there is no current output, ensuring electrical safety during connection.
  • the master device After the master device confirms that it is connected to the slave device, the master device outputs power to the slave device through the power source pin of the master device.
  • the manner in which the master device makes the voltage value of the power pin of the master device zero and the voltage output by the master device through the power pin of the master device is not limited in this embodiment.
  • FIG. 5 is a flowchart of a method for secure access according to Embodiment 3 of the present invention.
  • the present embodiment is optimized based on the foregoing embodiment. Referring to FIG. 5, the method provided in this embodiment specifically includes:
  • the voltage value of the in-position detection pin in the master device is a first voltage value.
  • the master device causes the master device to be connected to the power source at the bit detection pin, and at least one resistor is connected in series between the power source and the master device in-position detection pin, and when not connected to the slave device in-position detection pin, the first voltage
  • the value is the same as the voltage value of the power supply.
  • the power supply voltage value can be set according to the actual situation. For example, 5V or 3.3V, etc.
  • S320 Monitor the voltage value of the in-position detection pin in the master device.
  • S330 Determine whether the voltage value of the in-position detection pin is changed from the first voltage value to the second voltage value. If yes, confirm that a connection is established with the slave device and execute S340. Otherwise, S320 is executed.
  • the first preset change rule is that the voltage value of the in-position detection pin of the main device is changed from the first voltage value to the second voltage value, wherein the first voltage value is greater than the second voltage value.
  • the slave in-position sense pin is connected to the slave device ground pin.
  • the master device in-position detection pin is connected to the slave device in-position detection pin, the master device in-position detection pin is grounded by default, that is, the second voltage value is zero. Since the bit detection pin is finally connected at the time of access (refer to FIG. 1), when the master device detects that the master device in-position detection pin changes from the first voltage value to zero, it confirms that a connection is established with the slave device. When the master device detects that the first voltage value of the master device in-position detection pin has not changed to the second voltage value, continue to monitor the main The device senses the voltage value of the pin.
  • the slave device in-position detection pin can also be connected to other electronic components.
  • the voltage value of the slave device in-position detection pin is smaller than the voltage value of the master device in-position detection pin. can.
  • the current user interface may be prompted to access foreign objects, and the specific prompt mode is implemented.
  • the example is not limited.
  • S340 Supply power to the slave device through a power pin.
  • the master device supplies power to the slave device through the master device power pin and the slave device power pin.
  • the master device supplies power to the slave device, it communicates with the slave device through the master device data pin and the slave device data pin.
  • the voltage value of the power pin of the master device is zero, even if the power pin of the master device is connected to other devices (including the slave device power pin), as long as the master
  • the device does not detect that the host device's in-position detection pin changes from the first voltage value to the second voltage value, and does not provide power to other devices to ensure electrical safety during connection.
  • the master device After confirming the connection, the master device provides power to the slave device and performs data communication with the slave device after providing power, thereby improving the security of data communication between the master device and the slave device.
  • FIG. 6 is a flowchart of a method for secure access according to Embodiment 4 of the present invention. The embodiment is optimized based on the foregoing embodiments. Referring to FIG. 6, the method provided in this embodiment includes:
  • the second preset change rule may be determined according to the first preset change rule.
  • the slave device sense pin is connected to the slave device pin.
  • the voltage value of the master device in-position detection pin is the first voltage value
  • the first preset change rule is the master device in-position detection pin.
  • the voltage value changes from the first voltage value to zero
  • the second preset change rule changes the voltage value of the in-position detection pin of the master device from zero to the first voltage value. That is, when the master device detects that the voltage value of the master device in-position detection pin changes from zero to the first voltage value, it is confirmed that the master device in-position detection pin is disconnected from the slave device in-position detection pin.
  • the master device Since the in-position detection pin is disconnected first during the pull-out of the slave device (refer to FIG. 1), when the master device in-position detection pin voltage value satisfies the second preset change rule, the master device can be confirmed. Disconnect from the device.
  • the master device stops data communication with the slave device.
  • S440 The voltage value of the power pin in the master device is zero.
  • the power supply to the slave device is stopped.
  • the master device after the master device detects that the voltage value of the in-position detection pin of the master device meets the second preset change rule, confirm that the slave device is disconnected from the slave device, because the in-position detection pin is disconnected first. The power pin and the data pin have not been disconnected. At this time, the master device disconnects the data communication with the slave device, and after the communication is disconnected, the voltage of the control power pin is zero, which ensures that the power pin is disconnected. Electrical security and data corruption when data pins are disconnected increases data security.
  • FIG. 7 is a schematic structural diagram of an apparatus for secure access according to Embodiment 5 of the present invention.
  • the device is used in the interface device provided by any of the foregoing embodiments. Referring to FIG. 7, the device specifically includes:
  • the monitoring module 701 is configured to monitor a voltage value of the in-position detection pin in the master device
  • the confirmation module 702 is configured to confirm establishing a connection with the slave device when detecting that the voltage value of the in-position detection pin satisfies the first preset change rule.
  • the master device when the master device detects that the voltage value of the in-position detection pin in the master device meets the first preset change rule, confirms that the connection with the slave device is established, and the slave device can be normally connected during the connection process. To ensure the security of data transmission between the master device and the slave device.
  • the device may further include:
  • the first voltage module is configured to enable the voltage value of the in-position detection pin in the master device to be the first voltage value before the master device monitors the voltage value of the main in-position detection pin in the master device.
  • the confirmation module 702 can be specifically used to:
  • the voltage value of the in-position detection pin in the master device changes from the first voltage value to the second voltage value, confirming that a connection is established with the slave device, wherein the first voltage value is higher than the second voltage value.
  • the device may further include:
  • the second voltage module is configured to cause the voltage value of the power pin in the master device to be zero before the master device monitors the voltage value of the bit detection pin in the master device.
  • the device may further include:
  • a power module configured to supply power to the slave device through a power pin after confirming that the connection with the slave device is established
  • a communication module configured to perform data communication with the slave device through a data pin.
  • the device may further include:
  • a disconnection determining module configured to confirm disconnection from the slave device when it is detected that the voltage value of the bit detection pin in the master device meets the second preset change rule after confirming that the connection with the slave device is established;
  • a communication disconnection module for disconnecting data communication with the slave device
  • the power disconnect module is used to make the voltage value of the power pin in the master device zero.
  • the device for secure access provided by the embodiment of the present invention may be used to perform the method for secure access provided by any of the foregoing embodiments, and has corresponding functions and beneficial effects.

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Abstract

本发明公开了一种接口设备、安全接入的方法及装置。接口设备包括：第一设备和第二设备，其中，第一设备包括第一连接端；第一连接端包括：地引脚、数据引脚、电源引脚以及在位检测引脚；第二设备包括第二连接端；第二连接端包括：地引脚、数据引脚、电源引脚以及在位检测引脚；第一连接端与第二连接端用于插拔操作，在插入时地引脚最先相连，在位检测引脚最后相连；第一设备和第二设备中的一个为主设备，另一个为从设备。上述接口设备解决了设备连接时易发生电流倒灌以及安全性低的技术问题。

Description

一种接口设备、安全接入的方法及装置 技术领域
本发明涉及接口保护技术领域，尤其涉及一种接口设备、安全接入的方法及装置。
背景技术
热插拔(hot-plugging或Hot Swap)是指带电的插拔，即不关闭系统和不关闭电源的情况下，取出或者更换主机的部件或者与主机连接的设备。如今，两个设备以接口和接头方式插拔时，通常采用热插拔的方式。比如，电脑与USB闪存盘、电脑与鼠标或者移动电源与电子设备等。
然而，接口所在的电子设备通常处于上电状态，即接口中的电源引脚始终属于供电状态，当可导电的异物掉入接口时，容易对电子设备造成短路起火的风险。同时，在连接时，由于无法保证引脚连接的先后顺序，容易出现接头所在的设备向接口所在的设备发生电流倒灌，使得接口所在的设备发生损坏。
发明内容
有鉴于此，本发明实施例提供一种接口设备、安全接入的方法及装置，以解决设备连接时易发生电流倒灌以及安全性低的技术问题。
第一方面，本发明实施例提供了一种接口设备，包括：第一设备和第二设备，其中，
所述第一设备包括第一连接端；
所述第一连接端包括：地引脚、数据引脚、电源引脚以及在位检测引脚；
所述第二设备包括第二连接端；
所述第二连接端包括：地引脚、数据引脚、电源引脚以及在位检测引脚，用于分别与所述第一连接端中的地引脚、数据引脚、电源引脚以及在位检测引脚相连；
所述第一连接端与所述第二连接端用于插拔操作，在插入时所述地引脚最先相连，所述在位检测引脚最后相连；
所述第一设备和第二设备中的一个为主设备，另一个为从设备。
第二方面，本发明实施例还提供了一种安全接入的方法，用于上述接口设备，包括：
监测主设备中在位检测引脚的电压值；
在监测到所述在位检测引脚的电压值满足第一预设变化规则时，确认与从设备建立连接。
第三方面，本发明实施例还提供了一种安全接入的装置，用于上述接口设备，包括：
监测模块，用于监测主设备中在位检测引脚的电压值；
确认模块，用于在监测到所述在位检测引脚的电压值满足第一预设变化规则时，确认与从设备建立连接。
本发明实施例提供的接口设备、安全接入的方法及装置，其中，接口设备包括第一设备和第二设备，在第一设备的第一连接端中设置数据引脚、电源引脚、地引脚以及在位检测引脚，在第二设备的第二连接端中设置地引脚、数据引脚、电源引脚以及在位检测引脚，且第一设备和第二设备中，一个为主设备，另一个为从设备。第一设备与第二设备在插入时，地引脚最先连接，保证了设 备连接时，电流先流入地引脚，防止了电流倒灌发生，在位检测引脚最后连接，保证了在确认设备连接后，对从设备提供电源，之后，再进行数据通信，实现了设备间冷插拔，避免了设备间热插拔时易损坏设备及数据丢失的问题，提高了设备间插拔时的安全性。
附图说明
通过阅读参照以下附图所作的对非限制性实施例所作的详细描述，本发明的其它特征、目的和优点将会变得更明显：
图1为本发明实施例一提供的接口设备的连接示意图；
图2为本发明实施例一提供的第一连接端的引脚示意图；
图3为本发明实施例一提供的第二连接端的引脚示意图；
图4为本发明实施例二提供的一种安全接入的方法的流程图；
图5为本发明实施例三提供的一种安全接入的方法的流程图；
图6为本发明实施例四提供的一种安全接入的方法的流程图；
图7为本发明实施例五提供的一种安全接入的装置的结构示意图。
具体实施方式
下面结合附图和实施例对本发明作进一步的详细说明。可以理解的是，此处所描述的具体实施例仅仅用于解释本发明，而非对本发明的限定。另外还需要说明的是，为了便于描述，附图中仅示出了与本发明相关的部分而非全部内容。
实施例一
本实施例提供一种接口设备，包括第一设备和第二设备。其中，第一设备 包括第一连接端，第一连接端包括：地引脚、至少一个数据引脚、电源引脚以及在位检测引脚；第二设备包括第二连接端，第二连接端包括：地引脚、至少一个数据引脚、电源引脚以及在位检测引脚，用于分别与第一连接端中的地引脚、数据引脚、电源引脚以及在位检测引脚相连；第一连接端与第二连接端用于插拔操作，在插入时地引脚最先相连，在位检测引脚最后相连；第一设备和第二设备中的一个为主设备，另一个为从设备。
在本实施例中，以第一设备作为主设备，以第二设备作为从设备。可选的，主设备为有源设备，从设备为有源设备或无源设备。
具体的，图1为本发明实施例一提供的接口设备的连接示意图，参考图1，将主设备的第一连接端10中地引脚、数据引脚、电源引脚以及在位检测引脚分别定义为第一地引脚11、第一数据引脚12、第一电源引脚13以及第一在位检测引脚14。将从设备的第二连接端20中地引脚、数据引脚、电源引脚以及在位检测引脚分别定义为第二地引脚21、第二数据引脚22、第二电源引脚23以及第二在位检测引脚24。
示例性的，在第一连接端10和第二连接端20中分别设置第一在位检测引脚14和第二在位检测引脚24，可以用于确认主设备和从设备的连接状态，其中连接状态包括建立连接和断开连接。
典型的，当从设备的第二连接端20与主设备的第一连接端10连接时，第二地引脚21、至少一个第二数据引脚22、第二电源引脚23以及第二在位检测引脚24分别与第一地引脚11、至少一个第一数据引脚12、第一电源引脚13以及第一在位检测引脚14相连。其中，第二数据引脚22的个数与第一数据引脚12的个数相同，各引脚在各连接端中的位置对应的相同。
具体的，当从设备插入主设备时，第一在位检测引脚14与第二在位检测引 脚24最后相连，可以保证其他的引脚(如电源引脚或者数据引脚)已经相连，即确认主设备和从设备建立连接。在确认连接后，主设备开始向从设备提供电源，与从设备进行数据通信。
进一步的，当从设备拔出主设备时，第一在位检测引脚14和第二在位检测引脚24最先断开连接，可以保证其他的引脚还未断开连接，此时确认主设备和从设备断开连接，使主设备停止与从设备进行数据通信，并断开电源，可以避免从设备突然拔出时导致的数据丢失或设备损坏。
进一步的，当从设备插入主设备时，第一地引脚11与第二地引脚21最先相连，即接口设备最先接地，可以防止从设备中的电流通过其他引脚流入主设备中。
可选的，在连接前，主设备控制第一电源引脚13的电压值为零，在确认连接后，主设备向从设备提供电源，并在提供电源后与从设备进行数据通信。
典型的，主设备给第一在位检测引脚14一个电压值，记为第一电压值，从设备使第二在位检测引脚24的电压值与第一电压值不同，当第一在位检测引脚14与第二在位检测引脚24相连时，主设备通过检测第一在位检测引脚14电压值的变化，便可以确认与从设备的连接状态。
在上述实施例的基础上，所述第一连接端中地引脚的长度最长，在位检测引脚的长度最短，所述第二连接端中地引脚、数据引脚、电源引脚以及在位检测引脚的长度相等。
其中，各连接端中引脚的长度为各引脚金属片的长度。
图2为本发明实施例一提供的第一连接端的引脚示意图，图3为本发明实施例一提供的第二连接端的引脚示意图，下面结合图2和图3对第一连接端和第二连接端作示例性的说明。
示例性的，在第一连接端10中，第一地引脚11的长度最长，即各引脚中第一地引脚11最靠近插拔边缘侧15，第一在位检测引脚14的长度最短，即各引脚中第一在位检测引脚14最远离插拔边缘侧15，至少一个第一数据引脚12与第一电源引脚13的长度可以相同，也可以不同。其中，各引脚的具体长度值可以根据实际情况进行设定。例如，第一地引脚11的长度为8mm，至少一个第一数据引脚12和第一电源引脚13的长度为6mm，第一在位检测引脚14的长度为3.5mm。
进一步的，在第二连接端20中，第二地引脚21、至少一个第二数据引脚22、第二电源引脚23以及第二在位检测引脚24的长度相同，即各引脚与插拔边缘侧25的距离相同。其中，各引脚的长度值可以根据实际情况进行设定。例如，第二连接端20中各引脚的长度值与对应的第一连接端10中第一地引脚11长度相同。
具体的，由于第一地引脚11的长度最长，在第一连接端10与第二连接端20连接时，第一地引脚11与第二地引脚21最先相连。由于第一在位检测引脚14的长度最短，在第一连接端10与第二连接端20连接时，第一在位检测引脚14与第二在位检测引脚24最后相连。
在上述实施例的基础上，所述从设备中的地引脚与所述从设备中的在位检测引脚相连。
第二在位检测引脚24与第二地引脚21相连，可以保证第二在位检测引脚24的电压值始终为零。当第一在位检测引脚14与第二在位检测引脚24相连时，第一在位检测引脚14的电压值变为零，主设备在监测到第一在位检测引脚14的电压值变为零时，可以确认与从设备建立连接。同样，当第一在位检测引脚14与第二在位检测引脚24断开连接时，第一在位检测引脚14的电压值由零恢 复成第一电压值，主设备在监测到第一在位检测引脚14的电压值由零变为第一电压值时，可以确认与从设备断开连接。
需要说明的是，图1、图2和图3仅示例性的给出了第一连接端10和第二连接端20的示意图。各引脚中位置关系可以任意调换，只需满足第一连接端10中各引脚位置与第二连接端20中相应引脚的位置一一对应即可。
在上述实施例的基础上，第一设备也可以是从设备，此时，第二设备为主设备。从设备可以通过在位检测引脚确认与主设备的连接状态。
可选的，所述主设备的连接端为接口，所述从设备的连接端为接头。即从设备通过第二连接端20插入主设备的第一连接端10中，实现主设备与从设备的连接。
本发明实施例一提供的一种接口设备，包括第一设备和第二设备，通过在第一设备的第一连接端中设置数据引脚、电源引脚、地引脚以及在位检测引脚，在第二设备的第二连接端中设置地引脚、数据引脚、电源引脚以及在位检测引脚，且第一设备和第二设备中，一个为主设备，另一个为从设备。第一设备与第二设备连接时，地引脚最先连接，保证了设备连接时，电流先流入地引脚，防止了电流倒灌发生，在位检测引脚最后连接，保证了确认设备连接后，再向从设备提供电源，并在提供电源后与从设备进行数据通信，实现了设备间冷插拔，提高了设备插拔时的安全性。
实施例二
图4为本发明实施例二提供的一种安全接入的方法的流程图。本实施例提供的安全接入的方法应用于实施例一提供的接口设备。本实施例提供的安全接入的方法可以由安全接入的装置来执行，该装置可以由软件和/或硬件实现，并 集成在主设备中。参考图4，本实施例提供的方法具体包括：
S210、监测主设备中在位检测引脚的电压值。
在本实施例中，主设备为具有接口的终端，例如，台式电脑、笔记本以及手机等。
具体的，主设备监测主设备在位检测引脚的电压值。其中，电压值监测方法本实施例不作具体限定。
可选的，主设备可以实时监测主设备在位检测引脚的电压值。
S220、在监测到所述在位检测引脚的电压值满足第一预设变化规则时，确认与从设备建立连接。
在本实施例中，主设备向主设备在位检测引脚提供稳定电压值。从设备设定从设备在位检测引脚的电压值与主设备在位检测引脚的电压值不相同。
示例性的，主设备接口与从设备接头连接时(参考图1)，主设备地引脚与从设备地引脚最先相连，主设备在位检测引脚与从设备在位检测引脚最后相连。由于主设备在位检测引脚的电压值与从设备在位检测引脚电压值不同，在相连时会产生电流，使得主设备在位检测引脚电压值发生变化。
具体的，可以根据主设备在位检测引脚的电压值与从设备在位检测引脚的电压值确定第一预设变化规则。例如，主设备在位检测引脚的电压值高于从设备在位检测引脚的电压值时，第一预设变化规则为主设备在位检测引脚的电压值由高变低。再如，主设备在位检测引脚的电压值低于从设备在位检测引脚的电压值时，第一预设变化规则为主设备在位检测引脚的电压值由低变高。又如，第一预设变化规则是主设备在位检测引脚的电压值由第一电压值变为第二电压值，且第一电压值和第二电压值可以根据实际情况进行设定。
可选的，主设备在位检测引脚与电源连接，且在电源与主设备在位检测引 脚之间串联至少一个电阻。当在位检测引脚未连接时，主设备在位检测引脚的电压值与电源的电压值相同。从设备在位检测引脚与从设备地引脚连接。当在位检测引脚相连时，可以认为主设备在位检测引脚与从设备地引脚相连，即第一预设变化规则为主设备在位检测引脚的电压值由电源电压值变为零。其中，主设备在位检测引脚与电源之间串联至少一个电阻，可以防止与从设备在位检测引脚相连时，发生短路。若有其他可导电异物与主设备在位检测引脚连接时，仍能防止短路，保护连接设备。
可选的，从设备在位检测引脚也可以与其他电子元件连接，只需满足在位检测引脚相连时，主设备在位检测引脚的电压值发生变化即可。
可选的，主设备确认与从设备建立连接后，向从设备提供电源，并在提供电源后与从设备开始数据通信。
需要说明的是，主设备也可以监测主设备在位检测引脚的电平，在监测到电平发生变化时，确认与从设备连接。例如，主设备向主设备在位检测引脚输出高电平，从设备在位检测引脚与从设备地引脚连接。当主设备与从设备连接时，主设备在位检测引脚接地，高电平变为低电平，主设备监测到主设备在位检测引脚由高电平变为低电平时，确认与从设备连接。即第一预设变化规则为主设备在位检测引脚由高电平变为低电平。
本实施例提供的技术方案，主设备监测到在位检测引脚的电压值满足第一预设变化规则时，确认与从设备建立连接，可以在连接过程中确认从设备正常连接，保证了主设备与从设备间数据传输的安全性。
上述实施例的基础上，在主设备监测主设备中在位检测引脚的电压值之前，还可以包括：主设备使主设备中电源引脚的电压值为零。
具体的，主设备电源引脚的电压值为零，可以保证主设备电源引脚与从设 备电源引脚相连时，没有电流输出，确保了连接时的电安全性。
可选的，主设备确认与从设备连接后，主设备通过主设备电源引脚输出电压，向从设备提供电源。其中，主设备使主设备电源引脚的电压值为零以及主设备通过主设备电源引脚输出电压的方式本实施例不作限定。
实施例三
图5为本发明实施例三提供的一种安全接入的方法的流程图，本实施例以上述实施例为基础进行优化，参考图5，本实施例提供的方法具体包括：
S310、使主设备中在位检测引脚的电压值为第一电压值。
其中，主设备使主设备在位检测引脚与电源相连，且在电源与主设备在位检测引脚之间串联至少一个电阻，当未与从设备在位检测引脚相连时，第一电压值与电源的电压值相同。电源电压值可以根据实际情况进行设定。例如，5V或3.3V等。
S320、监测主设备中在位检测引脚的电压值。
S330、判断是否监测到在位检测引脚的电压值由第一电压值变为第二电压值。若是，确认与从设备建立连接，执行S340。否则，执行S320。
具体的，第一预设变化规则为主设备在位检测引脚的电压值由第一电压值变为第二电压值，其中，第一电压值大于第二电压值。
可选的，从设备在位检测引脚与从设备地引脚相连。主设备在位检测引脚与从设备在位检测引脚相连时，默认为主设备在位检测引脚接地，即第二电压值为零。由于在接入时，在位检测引脚最后相连(参考图1)，当主设备监测到主设备在位检测引脚由第一电压值变为零时，确认与从设备建立连接。当主设备监测到主设备在位检测引脚的第一电压值未变为第二电压值时，继续监测主 设备在位检测引脚的电压值。
需要说明的是，从设备在位检测引脚也可以与其他电子元件连接，满足未与主设备连接时，从设备在位检测引脚的电压值小于主设备在位检测引脚的电压值即可。
可选的，若主设备监测到主设备在位检测引脚由第一电压值变为非第二电压值的其他电压值，则可以提示当前用户接口中可能接入异物，具体提示方式本实施例不作限定。
S340、通过电源引脚向所述从设备提供电源。
具体的，主设备确认与从设备连接后，主设备通过主设备电源引脚和从设备电源引脚向从设备提供电源。
S350、通过数据引脚与所述从设备进行数据通信。
具体的，主设备向从设备提供电源后，通过主设备数据引脚和从设备数据引脚与从设备数据通信。
本实施例提供的技术方案，主设备未确认与从设备连接时，主设备电源引脚的电压值为零，即使主设备电源引脚与其他设备(包括从设备电源引脚)相连，只要主设备未检测到主设备在位检测引脚由第一电压值变为第二电压值，就不会向其他设备提供电源，保证连接时的电安全性。主设备在确认连接后，向从设备提供电源，并在提供电源后与从设备进行数据通信，提高了主设备与从设备间数据通信的安全性。
实施例四
图6为本发明实施例四提供的一种安全接入的方法的流程图。本实施例以上述各实施例为基础进行优化，参考图6，本实施例提供的方法包括：
S410、确认与从设备连接后，继续监测主设备中在位检测引脚的电压值。
S420、在监测到主设备中在位检测引脚的电压值满足第二预设变化规则时，确认所述主设备与所述从设备断开连接。
具体的，第二预设变化规则可以根据第一预设变化规则确定。
例如，从设备在位检测引脚与从设备地引脚连接。当主设备在位检测引脚未与从设备在位检测引脚连接时，主设备在位检测引脚的电压值为第一电压值，且第一预设变化规则为主设备在位检测引脚的电压值由第一电压值变为零，则第二预设变化规则为主设备在位检测引脚的电压值由零变为第一电压值。即当主设备监测到主设备在位检测引脚的电压值由零变为第一电压值时，确认主设备在位检测引脚与从设备在位检测引脚断开连接。
由于在从设备拔出过程中，在位检测引脚最先断开连接(参考图1)，因此，当主设备在位检测引脚电压值满足第二预设变化规则时，可以确认主设备与从设备断开连接。
S430、断开与所述从设备之间的数据通信。
具体的，在位检测引脚断开后，主设备停止与从设备数据通信。
S440、使主设备中电源引脚的电压值为零。
具体的，主设备停止与从设备数据通信后，停止向从设备提供电源。
本实施例提供的技术方案，当主设备监测到主设备在位检测引脚的电压值满足第二预设变化规则后，确认与从设备断开连接，由于在位检测引脚最先断开连接，电源引脚以及数据引脚还未断开连接，此时主设备断开与从设备数据通信，并在断开通信后控制电源引脚的电压为零，可以保证电源引脚断开连接时电安全性，以及防止数据引脚断开连接时数据损坏，提高了数据安全性。
实施例五
图7为本发明实施例五提供的一种安全接入的装置的结构示意图。该装置用于上述任意实施例提供的接口设备，参考图7，该装置具体包括：
监测模块701，用于监测主设备中在位检测引脚的电压值；
确认模块702，用于在监测到所述在位检测引脚的电压值满足第一预设变化规则时，确认与从设备建立连接。
本实施例提供的技术方案，主设备在监测到主设备中在位检测引脚的电压值满足第一预设变化规则时，确认与从设备建立连接，可以在连接过程中确认从设备正常连接，保证了主设备与从设备间数据传输的安全性。
在上述各实施例的基础上，所述装置还可以包括：
第一电压模块，用于在主设备监测主设备中主在位检测引脚的电压值之前，使主设备中在位检测引脚的电压值为第一电压值。
相应的，所述确认模块702具体可以用于：
监测到主设备中在位检测引脚的电压值由第一电压值变为第二电压值，确认与从设备建立连接，其中，所述第一电压值高于第二电压值。
在上述各实施例的基础上，所述装置还可以包括：
第二电压模块，用于在主设备监测主设备中在位检测引脚的电压值之前，使主设备中电源引脚的电压值为零。
在上述各实施例的基础上，所述装置还可以包括：
电源模块，用于在确认与从设备建立连接之后，通过电源引脚向所述从设备提供电源；
通信模块，用于通过数据引脚与所述从设备进行数据通信。
在上述各实施例基础上，所述装置还可以包括：
断开确定模块，用于在确认与从设备建立连接之后，在监测到主设备中在位检测引脚的电压值满足第二预设变化规则时，确认与所述从设备断开连接；
通信断开模块，用于断开与所述从设备之间的数据通信；
电源断开模块，用于使主设备中电源引脚的电压值为零。
本发明实施例提供的安全接入的装置可以用于执行上述任意实施例提供的安全接入的方法，具备相应的功能和有益效果。
注意，上述仅为本发明的较佳实施例及所运用技术原理。本领域技术人员会理解，本发明不限于这里所述的特定实施例，对本领域技术人员来说能够进行各种明显的变化、重新调整和替代而不会脱离本发明的保护范围。因此，虽然通过以上实施例对本发明进行了较为详细的说明，但是本发明不仅仅限于以上实施例，在不脱离本发明构思的情况下，还可以包括更多其他等效实施例，而本发明的范围由所附的权利要求范围决定。

Claims (11)

  1. 一种接口设备，其特征在于，包括：第一设备和第二设备，其中，
    所述第一设备包括第一连接端；
    所述第一连接端包括：地引脚、数据引脚、电源引脚以及在位检测引脚；
    所述第二设备包括第二连接端；
    所述第二连接端包括：地引脚、数据引脚、电源引脚以及在位检测引脚，用于分别与所述第一连接端中的地引脚、数据引脚、电源引脚以及在位检测引脚相连；
    所述第一连接端与所述第二连接端用于插拔操作，在插入时所述地引脚最先相连，所述在位检测引脚最后相连；
    所述第一设备和第二设备中的一个为主设备，另一个为从设备。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的接口设备，其特征在于，所述第一连接端中地引脚的长度最长，在位检测引脚的长度最短；
    所述第二连接端中地引脚、数据引脚、电源引脚以及在位检测引脚的长度相等。
  3. 根据权利要求1所述的接口设备，其特征在于，所述从设备中的地引脚与所述从设备中的在位检测引脚相连。
  4. 根据权利要求1所述的接口设备，其特征在于，所述主设备的连接端为接口，所述从设备的连接端为接头。
  5. 一种安全接入的方法，用于权利要求1-4任一项所述的接口设备，其特征在于，包括：
    监测主设备中在位检测引脚的电压值；
    在监测到所述在位检测引脚的电压值满足第一预设变化规则时，确认与从设备建立连接。
  6. 根据权利要求5所述的方法，其特征在于，在监测主设备中在位检测引脚的电压值之前，还包括：
    使主设备中在位检测引脚的电压值为第一电压值；
    相应的，在监测到所述在位检测引脚的电压值满足第一预设变化规则时包括：
    监测到主设备中在位检测引脚的电压值由第一电压值变为第二电压值，其中，所述第一电压值高于第二电压值。
  7. 根据权利要求5所述的方法，其特征在于，在监测主设备中在位检测引脚的电压值之前，还包括：
    使主设备中电源引脚的电压值为零。
  8. 根据权利要求5所述的方法，其特征在于，在确认与从设备建立连接之后，还包括：
    通过电源引脚向所述从设备提供电源；
    通过数据引脚与所述从设备进行数据通信。
  9. 根据权利要求5所述的方法，其特征在于，在确认与从设备建立连接之后，还包括：
    在监测到主设备中在位检测引脚的电压值满足第二预设变化规则时，确认与所述从设备断开连接；
    断开与所述从设备之间的数据通信；
    使主设备中电源引脚的电压值为零。
  10. 一种安全接入的装置，用于权利要求1-4任一项所述的接口设备，其特征在于，包括：
    监测模块，用于监测主设备中在位检测引脚的电压值；
    确认模块，用于在监测到所述在位检测引脚的电压值满足第一预设变化规则时，确认与从设备建立连接。
  11. 根据权利要求10所述的装置，其特征在于，还包括：
    第一电压模块，用于在监测主设备中在位检测引脚的电压值之前，使主设备中在位检测引脚的电压值为第一电压值；
    相应的，所述确认模块具体用于：
    监测到主设备中在位检测引脚的电压值由第一电压值变为第二电压值，确认与从设备建立连接，其中，所述第一电压值高于第二电压值。
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