WO2018045307A1 - Paging with unified single and multi-beam operation support in new radio - Google Patents

Abstract

Beamforming systems and network devices with mid-band carrier to high-band carrier (e.g., about 6 GHz to about 30 GHz) can more efficiently operate paging communications with various paging channel operations. Paging can be utilized to provide user equipments (UEs) with a system information change and a paging message. A system information change can be provided to a UE in synchronization signal block with a common control channel. A new radio (NR) physical downlink control channel (NR-PDCCH) search space can include the synchronization signal block based on a plurality of repetition blocks to enable support for switching between single beam repetition / omni-beam transmissions and multi-beam repetition / beam sweeping transmissions, either explicitly or implicitly via various means or aspects.

Description

PAGING WITH UNIFIED SINGLE AND MULTI-BEAM OPERATION SUPPORT IN

NEW RADIO

REFERENCE TO RELATED APPLICATIONS

[0001] This application claims the benefit of U.S. Provisional Application Numbers 62/383,153 filed September 2, 2016, entitled "ENABLINIG PAGING IN MULTI-BEAM OPERATION", and the benefit of U.S. Provisional Application Numbers 62/476,079 filed March 24, 2017, entitled "REPETITION TRANSMISSION FOR CONTROL CHANNEL TO SUPPORT UNIFIED SINGLE AND MULTI-BEAM OPERATION IN 5G NEW

RADIO", the contents of which are herein incorporated by reference in their entirety.

FIELD

[0002] The present disclosure relates to wireless technology, and more specifically to techniques for signaling transmissions for paging in beamforming systems based on paging protocols for new radio (NR) devices having unified single and multi-beam operation support.

BACKGROUND

[0003] The explosive wireless traffic growth leads to an urgent need of rate improvement. With mature physical layer techniques, further improvement in the spectral efficiency could be marginal. On the other hand, the scarcity of licensed spectrum in low frequency band results in a deficit in the data rate boost. The next generation wireless communication system, 5G, will provide access to information and sharing of data anywhere, anytime by various users and applications. 5G is expected to be a unified network / system that target to meet vastly different and sometime conflicting performance dimensions and services. Such diverse multi-dimensional requirements are driven by different services and applications. In general, 5G could evolve based on 3GPP long term evolution (LTE) advanced (LTE-Adv) with additional potential new Radio Access Technologies (RATs) to enrich people lives with better, simple and seamless wireless connectivity solutions. 5G will enable many devices to be connected by wireless communications and deliver fast, rich contents and services

[0004] Similar to LTE, multiple antenna techniques can be a key technology component in 3GPP 5G new radio (NR) systems. Specifically, beamforming with very narrow beam width, leading to high beamforming gain, can be an important tool for high frequency NR to achieve target coverage. To operate in a wide frequency range from below 6 GHz to 1 00 G Hz, for example, 3GPP NR aims to provide a unified approach to realize single and multi-beam transmission.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0005] FIG. 1 is a block diagram illustrating an example user equipment (UE) useable in connection with various aspects described herein.

[0006] FIG. 2 is a diagram illustrating example components of a device that can be employed in accordance with various aspects discussed herein.

[0007] FIG. 3 is a diagram illustrating example interfaces of baseband circuitry that can be employed in accordance with various aspects discussed herein.

[0008] FIG. 4 is a block diagram illustrating a system employable at a UE that enables greater power efficiency for paging communications by triggering changes in the system information and supporting single-beam repetition and multi-beam repetition, according to various aspects described herein.

[0009] FIG. 5 is a block diagram illustrating a system employable at a base station (BS) / evolved NodeB (eNB)/ new radio / next generation NodeB (gNB) that enables greater power efficiency for paging communications by triggering changes in the system information and supporting single-beam repetition and multi-beam repetition, according to various aspects described herein.

[0010] FIG. 6 illustrates a transmission configuration / structure for a paging transmission according to various aspects or embodiments described herein.

[0011] FIGs. 7-9 illustrates examples of a system information modification trigger and PCCH trigger with SIB / PCCH as a synchronization signal block for paging transmission according to various aspects or embodiments described herein.

[0012] FIG. 10 illustrates an example of a search space with repetitions for supporting single and multi-beam repetition transmissions in accordance with various aspects or embodiments herein.

[0013] FIG. 11 illustrates an example of a search space with repetitions for supporting single and multi-beam repetition transmissions in accordance with various aspects or embodiments herein

[0014] FIG. 12 illustrates an example of a UE skipping based on the search space with repetitions for supporting single and multi-beam repetition transmissions in accordance with various aspects or embodiments herein. [0015] FIG. 13 illustrates an example of a search space with repetitions for supporting single and multi-beam repetition transmissions in accordance with various aspects or embodiments herein.

[0016] FIG. 14 illustrates an example of a search space with repetitions for supporting single and multi-beam repetition transmissions in accordance with various aspects or embodiments herein.

[0017] FIG. 15 illustrates a process flow of processing or generating a paging transmission with single and multi-beam repetition transmission according to various aspects or embodiments described herein.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0018] The present disclosure will now be described with reference to the attached drawing figures, wherein like reference numerals are used to refer to like elements throughout, and wherein the illustrated structures and devices are not necessarily drawn to scale. As utilized herein, terms "component," "system," "interface," and the like are intended to refer to a computer-related entity, hardware, software (e.g., in execution), and/or firmware. For example, a component can be a processor (e.g., a microprocessor, a controller, or other processing device), a process running on a processor, a controller, an object, an executable, a program, a storage device, a computer, a tablet PC and/or a user equipment (UE) (e.g., mobile / wireless phone, etc.) with a processing device. By way of illustration, an application running on a server and the server can also be a component. One or more components can reside within a process, and a component can be localized on one computer and/or distributed between two or more computers. A set of elements or a set of other components can be described herein, in which the term "set" can be interpreted as "one or more."

[0019] Further, these components can execute from various computer readable storage media having various data structures stored thereon such as with a module, for example. The components can communicate via local and/or remote processes such as in accordance with a signal having one or more data packets (e.g., data from one component interacting with another component in a local system, distributed system, and/or across a network, such as, the Internet, a local area network, a wide area network, or similar network with other systems via the signal).

[0020] As another example, a component can be an apparatus with specific functionality provided by mechanical parts operated by electric or electronic circuitry, in which the electric or electronic circuitry can be operated by a software application or a firmware application executed by one or more processors. The one or more processors can be internal or external to the apparatus and can execute at least a part of the software or firmware application. As yet another example, a component can be an apparatus that provides specific functionality through electronic components without mechanical parts; the electronic components can include one or more processors therein to execute software and/or firmware that confer(s), at least in part, the functionality of the electronic components.

[0021] Use of the word exemplary is intended to present concepts in a concrete fashion. As used in this application, the term "or" is intended to mean an inclusive "or" rather than an exclusive "or". That is, unless specified otherwise, or clear from context, "X employs A or B" is intended to mean any of the natural inclusive permutations. That is, if X employs A; X employs B; or X employs both A and B, then "X employs A or B" is satisfied under any of the foregoing instances. In addition, the articles "a" and "an" as used in this application and the appended claims should generally be construed to mean "one or more" unless specified otherwise or clear from context to be directed to a singular form. Furthermore, to the extent that the terms "including", "includes", "having", "has", "with", or variants thereof are used in either the detailed description and the claims, such terms are intended to be inclusive in a manner similar to the term

"comprising."

OVERVIEW

[0022] In consideration of the above, various aspects / embodiments are disclosed for communications in a beamformed system or beamforming network device (e.g., user equipment (UE), evolved NodeB (eNB), a next generation NodeB (gNB), new radio (NR) base station, a multi-input multi-output (MIMO) device, single-input multi-output (SIMO) device, or the like). In LTE, the paging control channel (PCCH) can be used to broadcast information including paging information to some UEs specifically in radio resource control (RRC) idle mode, system information modification, earthquake and tsunami warning service (ETWS) notification, commercial mobile alert system (CMAS) notification or the like. In 5G systems with 5G NR Node Bs / next gen NodeBs (gNBs) or evolved NodeBs (eNBs), such information transmission can be still utilized. However, if the multi-beam operation is applied, the eNB (or gNB as referred to herein) can maintain a plurality of beams, then it would take large overhead to transmit PCCH by the physical downlink shared channel (PDSCH), which is triggered by the paging radio network temporary identifier (P-RNTI) based on PDCCH; as such PDSCH should be transmitted with all the transmission directions that all the maintained beams cover. For example, if the eNB maintains N beams, e.g. N=48 beams and it has P antenna panels, e.g. P=4 antenna panels, it would take [N/P] subframes to accomplish the

PCCH transmission. Hence, how to deliver the PCCH information with limited overhead becomes one issue, and embodiments herein can relate to processes or techniques to deliver the PCCH information with limited overhead including one or more of: control signaling design; information content design; or paging signal generation.

[0023] For UE-specific channels, given good channel state information (CSI) at 5G NodeB (5G-NB, gNB, or the like), especially regarding a preferred transmit beam direction, a UE-specific transmit beam can be adopted. However, common information, such as system information, can be also delivered to all UEs in the cell, and without a preferred transmit beam direction, the 5G-NB could not have information about the optimal transmission beam direction to a particular UE. For example, when a UE is in idle mode and does not regularly report the preferred transmit direction while also trying to receive possible paging messages. In these situations, to achieve a coverage target, 5G-NB could repeatedly transmit the same data many times as repetitions so that the intended UEs can collect enough energy related to the scheduled data and successfully decode the packet. If the repeated data or repetition is transmitted in an omni-directional manner this can be referred to as single-beam repetition or simple repetition. If the repeated data is transmitted in multi-beam manner, this can be referred to as multi-beam repetition or beam sweeping.

[0024] Paging communication(s), for example, can operate to transmit paging information to a UE in radio resource control idle mode (e.g., RRCJDLE), to inform UEs in RRCJDLE or an RRC connected mode (e.g., RRC_CONNECTED) about a system information change, an Earthquake and Tsunami Warning service (ETWS) primary notification / ETWS secondary notification, or to inform about a Commercial Mobile Alert System (CMAS) notification, for example.

[0025] In the idle mode, the UE can monitor for paging messages or system information change notifications regularly within its paging occasion. When the UE is not connected to the gNodeB, meaning UE is in an RRC idle state / mode, the UE is not required to monitor/receive the physical downlink control channel (or PDCCH) in every subframe/slot, but only on certain subframes/slots or locations does the UE receive the PDCCH. This PDCCH can carry the information about a paging information (or message) transmission such as timing or frequency domain information. As such, the UE can reconnect (or process reception) for a certain period of time only to receive the information. If a UE receives a paging message including an indication field (e.g., a corresponding information element (IE)) as being set to TRUE (or other system information change / update indication), the UE can detect that the system information will change at the next modification period boundary. Therefore, the UE can re-acquire the system information in the next broadcast control channel BCCH modification period, for example. For an RRC connected mode or state, the UE can be in a constant connection with the gNB, with ongoing traffic between eNB and the UE, meaning the UE monitors the PDCCH channel in every configured subframe (based on gNB indication) and can also receive paging operations in this state as well. Additional aspects and details of the disclosure are further described below with reference to figures.

[0026] Embodiments described herein can be implemented into a system using any suitably configured hardware and/or software. FIG. 1 illustrates an architecture of a system 1 00 of a network in accordance with some embodiments. The system 100 is shown to include a user equipment (UE) 101 and a UE 102. The UEs 101 and 102 are illustrated as smartphones (e.g., handheld touchscreen mobile computing devices connectable to one or more cellular networks), but can also comprise any mobile or non-mobile computing device, such as Personal Data Assistants (PDAs), pagers, laptop computers, desktop computers, wireless handsets, or any computing device including a wireless communications interface.

[0027] In some embodiments, any of the UEs 101 and 102 can comprise an Internet of Things (loT) UE, which can comprise a network access layer designed for low-power loT applications utilizing short-lived UE connections. An loT UE can utilize technologies such as machine-to-machine (M2M) or machine-type communications (MTC) for exchanging data with an MTC server or device via a public land mobile network

(PLMN), Proximity-Based Service (ProSe) or device-to-device (D2D) communication, sensor networks, or loT networks. The M2M or MTC exchange of data can be a machine-initiated exchange of data. An loT network describes interconnecting loT UEs, which can include uniquely identifiable embedded computing devices (within the Internet infrastructure), with short-lived connections. The loT UEs can execute background applications (e.g., keep-alive messages, status updates, etc.) to facilitate the connections of the loT network. [0028] The UEs 101 and 102 can be configured to connect, e.g., communicatively couple, with a radio access network (RAN) 1 10— the RAN 1 10 can be, for example, an Evolved Universal Mobile Telecommunications System (UMTS) Terrestrial Radio Access Network (E-UTRAN), a NextGen RAN (NG RAN), or some other type of RAN. The UEs 101 and 102 utilize connections 103 and 104, respectively, each of which comprises a physical communications interface or layer (discussed in further detail below); in this example, the connections 103 and 104 are illustrated as an air interface to enable communicative coupling, and can be consistent with cellular communications protocols, such as a Global System for Mobile Communications (GSM) protocol, a code-division multiple access (CDMA) network protocol, a Push-to-Talk (PTT) protocol, a PTT over Cellular (POC) protocol, a Universal Mobile Telecommunications System (UMTS) protocol, a 3GPP Long Term Evolution (LTE) protocol, a fifth generation (5G) protocol, a New Radio (NR) protocol, and the like.

[0029] In this embodiment, the UEs 101 and 1 02 can further directly exchange communication data via a ProSe interface 105. The ProSe interface 105 can

alternatively be referred to as a sidelink interface comprising one or more logical channels, including but not limited to a Physical Sidelink Control Channel (PSCCH), a Physical Sidelink Shared Channel (PSSCH), a Physical Sidelink Discovery Channel (PSDCH), and a Physical Sidelink Broadcast Channel (PSBCH).

[0030] The UE 102 is shown to be configured to access an access point (AP) 106 via connection 107. The connection 107 can comprise a local wireless connection, such as a connection consistent with any IEEE 802.1 1 protocol, wherein the AP 106 would comprise a wireless fidelity (WiFi®) router. In this example, the AP 1 06 is shown to be connected to the Internet without connecting to the core network of the wireless system (described in further detail below).

[0031] The RAN 1 1 0 can include one or more access nodes that enable the connections 1 03 and 104. These access nodes (ANs) can be referred to as base stations (BSs), NodeBs, evolved NodeBs (eNBs), next Generation NodeBs (gNB), RAN nodes, and so forth, and can comprise ground stations (e.g., terrestrial access points) or satellite stations providing coverage within a geographic area (e.g., a cell). The RAN 1 1 0 can include one or more RAN nodes for providing macrocells, e.g., macro RAN node 1 1 1 , and one or more RAN nodes for providing femtocells or picocells (e.g., cells having smaller coverage areas, smaller user capacity, or higher bandwidth compared to macrocells), e.g., low power (LP) RAN node 1 12. [0032] Any of the RAN nodes 1 1 1 and 1 12 can terminate the air interface protocol and can be the first point of contact for the UEs 101 and 102. In some embodiments, any of the RAN nodes 1 1 1 and 1 12 can fulfill various logical functions for the RAN 1 1 0 including, but not limited to, radio network controller (RNC) functions such as radio bearer management, uplink and downlink dynamic radio resource management and data packet scheduling, and mobility management.

[0033] In accordance with some embodiments, the UEs 101 and 102 can be configured to communicate using Orthogonal Frequency-Division Multiplexing (OFDM) communication signals with each other or with any of the RAN nodes 1 1 1 and 1 1 2 over a multicarrier communication channel in accordance various communication techniques, such as, but not limited to, an Orthogonal Frequency-Division Multiple Access (OFDMA) communication technique (e.g., for downlink communications) or a Single Carrier Frequency Division Multiple Access (SC-FDMA) communication technique (e.g., for uplink and ProSe or sidelink communications), although the scope of the embodiments is not limited in this respect. The OFDM signals can comprise a plurality of orthogonal subcarriers.

[0034] In some embodiments, a downlink resource grid can be used for downlink transmissions from any of the RAN nodes 1 1 1 and 1 12 to the UEs 101 and 1 02, while uplink transmissions can utilize similar techniques. The grid can be a time-frequency grid, called a resource grid or time-frequency resource grid, which is the physical resource in the downlink in each slot. Such a time-frequency plane representation is a common practice for OFDM systems, which makes it intuitive for radio resource allocation. Each column and each row of the resource grid corresponds to one OFDM symbol and one OFDM subcarrier, respectively. The duration of the resource grid in the time domain corresponds to one slot in a radio frame. The smallest time-frequency unit in a resource grid is denoted as a resource element. Each resource grid comprises a number of resource blocks, which describe the mapping of certain physical channels to resource elements. Each resource block comprises a collection of resource elements; in the frequency domain, this can represent the smallest quantity of resources that currently can be allocated. There are several different physical downlink channels that are conveyed using such resource blocks.

[0035] The physical downlink shared channel (PDSCH) can carry user data and higher-layer signaling to the UEs 101 and 102. The physical downlink control channel (PDCCH) can carry information about the transport format and resource allocations related to the PDSCH channel, among other things. It can also inform the UEs 101 and 102 about the transport format, resource allocation, and H-ARQ (Hybrid Automatic Repeat Request) information related to the uplink shared channel. Typically, downlink scheduling (assigning control and shared channel resource blocks to the UE 102 within a cell) can be performed at any of the RAN nodes 1 1 1 and 1 12 based on channel quality information fed back from any of the UEs 101 and 102. The downlink resource assignment information can be sent on the PDCCH used for (e.g., assigned to) each of the UEs 101 and 1 02.

[0036] The PDCCH can use control channel elements (CCEs) to convey the control information. Before being mapped to resource elements, the PDCCH complex-valued symbols can first be organized into quadruplets, which can then be permuted using a sub-block interleaver for rate matching. Each PDCCH can be transmitted using one or more of these CCEs, where each CCE can correspond to nine sets of four physical resource elements known as resource element groups (REGs). Four Quadrature Phase Shift Keying (QPSK) symbols can be mapped to each REG. The PDCCH can be transmitted using one or more CCEs, depending on the size of the downlink control information (DCI) and the channel condition. There can be four or more different PDCCH formats defined in LTE with different numbers of CCEs (e.g., aggregation level, L=1 , 2, 4, or 8).

[0037] Some embodiments can use concepts for resource allocation for control channel information that are an extension of the above-described concepts. For example, some embodiments can utilize an enhanced physical downlink control channel (EPDCCH) that uses PDSCH resources for control information transmission. The EPDCCH can be transmitted using one or more enhanced the control channel elements (ECCEs). Similar to above, each ECCE can correspond to nine sets of four physical resource elements known as an enhanced resource element groups (EREGs). An ECCE can have other numbers of EREGs in some situations.

[0038] The RAN 1 1 0 is shown to be communicatively coupled to a core network (CN) 1 20— via an S1 interface 1 1 3. In embodiments, the CN 120 can be an evolved packet core (EPC) network, a NextGen Packet Core (NPC) network, or some other type of CN. In this embodiment the S1 interface 1 13 is split into two parts: the S1 -U interface 1 14, which carries traffic data between the RAN nodes 1 1 1 and 1 12 and the serving gateway (S-GW) 122, and the S1 -mobility management entity (MME) interface 1 15, which is a signaling interface between the RAN nodes 1 1 1 and 1 12 and MMEs 121 . [0039] In this embodiment, the CN 1 20 comprises the MMEs 121 , the S-GW 122, the Packet Data Network (PDN) Gateway (P-GW) 123, and a home subscriber server (HSS) 124. The MMEs 121 can be similar in function to the control plane of legacy Serving General Packet Radio Service (GPRS) Support Nodes (SGSN). The MMEs 121 can manage mobility aspects in access such as gateway selection and tracking area list management. The HSS 124 can comprise a database for network users, including subscription-related information to support the network entities' handling of

communication sessions. The CN 120 can comprise one or several HSSs 124, depending on the number of mobile subscribers, on the capacity of the equipment, on the organization of the network, etc. For example, the HSS 124 can provide support for routing/roaming, authentication, authorization, naming/addressing resolution, location dependencies, etc.

[0040] The S-GW 122 can terminate the S1 interface 1 13 towards the RAN 1 1 0, and routes data packets between the RAN 1 10 and the CN 1 20. In addition, the S-GW 122 can be a local mobility anchor point for inter-RAN node handovers and also can provide an anchor for inter-3GPP mobility. Other responsibilities can include lawful intercept, charging, and some policy enforcement.

[0041] The P-GW 123 can terminate an SGi interface toward a PDN. The P-GW 123 can route data packets between the EPC network 123 and external networks such as a network including the application server 130 (alternatively referred to as application function (AF)) via an Internet Protocol (IP) interface 125. Generally, the application server 130 can be an element offering applications that use IP bearer resources with the core network (e.g., UMTS Packet Services (PS) domain, LTE PS data services, etc.). In this embodiment, the P-GW 123 is shown to be communicatively coupled to an application server 130 via an IP communications interface 125. The application server 130 can also be configured to support one or more communication services (e.g., Voice-over-Internet Protocol (VoIP) sessions, PTT sessions, group communication sessions, social networking services, etc.) for the UEs 1 01 and 102 via the CN 120.

[0042] The P-GW 123 can further be a node for policy enforcement and charging data collection. Policy and Charging Enforcement Function (PCRF) 126 is the policy and charging control element of the CN 120. In a non-roaming scenario, there can be a single PCRF in the Home Public Land Mobile Network (HPLMN) associated with a UE's Internet Protocol Connectivity Access Network (IP-CAN) session. In a roaming scenario with local breakout of traffic, there can be two PCRFs associated with a UE's IP-CAN session: a Home PCRF (H-PCRF) within a HPLMN and a Visited PCRF (V-PCRF) within a Visited Public Land Mobile Network (VPLMN). The PCRF 126 can be communicatively coupled to the application server 130 via the P-GW 123. The application server 130 can signal the PCRF 1 26 to indicate a new service flow and select the appropriate Quality of Service (QoS) and charging parameters. The PCRF 126 can provision this rule into a Policy and Charging Enforcement Function (PCEF) (not shown) with the appropriate traffic flow template (TFT) and QoS class of identifier (QCI), which commences the QoS and charging as specified by the application server 130.

[0043] FIG. 2 illustrates example components of a device 200 in accordance with some embodiments. In some embodiments, the device 200 can include application circuitry 202, baseband circuitry 204, Radio Frequency (RF) circuitry 206, front-end module (FEM) circuitry 208, one or more antennas 21 0, and power management circuitry (PMC) 21 2 coupled together at least as shown. The components of the illustrated device 200 can be included in a gNB, eNB, UE, a RAN node or other network device incorporating one or more various aspects / embodiments herein. In some embodiments, the device 200 can include less elements (e.g., a RAN node could not utilize application circuitry 202, and instead include a processor/controller to process IP data received from an EPC). In some embodiments, the device 200 can include additional elements such as, for example, memory/storage, display, camera, sensor, or input/output (I/O) interface. In other embodiments, the components described below can be included in more than one device (e.g., said circuitries can be separately included in more than one device for Cloud-RAN (C-RAN) implementations).

[0044] The application circuitry 202 can include one or more application processors. For example, the application circuitry 202 can include circuitry such as, but not limited to, one or more single-core or multi-core processors. The processor(s) can include any combination of general-purpose processors and dedicated processors (e.g., graphics processors, application processors, etc.). The processors can be coupled with or can include memory/storage and can be configured to execute instructions stored in the memory/storage to enable various applications or operating systems to run on the device 200. In some embodiments, processors of application circuitry 202 can process IP data packets received from an EPC.

[0045] The baseband circuitry 204 can include circuitry such as, but not limited to, one or more single-core or multi-core processors. The baseband circuitry 204 can include one or more baseband processors or control logic to process baseband signals received from a receive signal path of the RF circuitry 206 and to generate baseband signals for a transmit signal path of the RF circuitry 206. Baseband processing circuity 204 can interface with the application circuitry 202 for generation and processing of the baseband signals and for controlling operations of the RF circuitry 206. For example, in some embodiments, the baseband circuitry 204 can include a third generation (3G) baseband processor 204A, a fourth generation (4G) baseband processor 204B, a fifth generation (5G) baseband processor 204C, or other baseband processor(s) 204D for other existing generations, generations in development or to be developed in the future (e.g., second generation (2G), sixth generation (6G), etc.). The baseband circuitry 204 (e.g., one or more of baseband processors 204A-D) can handle various radio control functions that enable communication with one or more radio networks via the RF circuitry 206. In other embodiments, some or all of the functionality of baseband processors 204A-D can be included in modules stored in the memory 204G and executed via a Central Processing Unit (CPU) 204E. The radio control functions can include, but are not limited to, signal modulation/demodulation, encoding/decoding, radio frequency shifting, etc. In some embodiments, modulation/demodulation circuitry of the baseband circuitry 204 can include Fast-Fourier Transform (FFT), precoding, or constellation mapping/demapping functionality. In some embodiments,

encoding/decoding circuitry of the baseband circuitry 204 can include convolution, tail- biting convolution, turbo, Viterbi, or Low Density Parity Check (LDPC) encoder/decoder functionality. Embodiments of modulation/demodulation and encoder/decoder functionality are not limited to these examples and can include other suitable functionality in other embodiments.

[0046] In some embodiments, the baseband circuitry 204 can include one or more audio digital signal processor(s) (DSP) 204F. The audio DSP(s) 204F can be include elements for compression/decompression and echo cancellation and can include other suitable processing elements in other embodiments. Components of the baseband circuitry can be suitably combined in a single chip, a single chipset, or disposed on a same circuit board in some embodiments. In some embodiments, some or all of the constituent components of the baseband circuitry 204 and the application circuitry 202 can be implemented together such as, for example, on a system on a chip (SOC).

[0047] In some embodiments, the baseband circuitry 204 can provide for communication compatible with one or more radio technologies. For example, in some embodiments, the baseband circuitry 204 can support communication with an evolved universal terrestrial radio access network (EUTRAN) or other wireless metropolitan area networks (WMAN), a wireless local area network (WLAN), a wireless personal area network (WPAN). Embodiments in which the baseband circuitry 204 is configured to support radio communications of more than one wireless protocol can be referred to as multi-mode baseband circuitry.

[0048] RF circuitry 206 can enable communication with wireless networks

using modulated electromagnetic radiation through a non-solid medium. In various embodiments, the RF circuitry 206 can include switches, filters, amplifiers, etc. to facilitate the communication with the wireless network. RF circuitry 206 can include a receive signal path which can include circuitry to down-convert RF signals received from the FEM circuitry 208 and provide baseband signals to the baseband circuitry 204. RF circuitry 206 can also include a transmit signal path which can include circuitry to up- convert baseband signals provided by the baseband circuitry 204 and provide RF output signals to the FEM circuitry 208 for transmission.

[0049] In some embodiments, the receive signal path of the RF circuitry 206 can include mixer circuitry 206a, amplifier circuitry 206b and filter circuitry 206c. In some embodiments, the transmit signal path of the RF circuitry 206 can include filter circuitry 206c and mixer circuitry 206a. RF circuitry 206 can also include synthesizer circuitry 206d for synthesizing a frequency for use by the mixer circuitry 206a of the receive signal path and the transmit signal path. In some embodiments, the mixer circuitry 206a of the receive signal path can be configured to down-convert RF signals received from the FEM circuitry 208 based on the synthesized frequency provided by synthesizer circuitry 206d. The amplifier circuitry 206b can be configured to amplify the down- converted signals and the filter circuitry 206c can be a low-pass filter (LPF) or bandpass filter (BPF) configured to remove unwanted signals from the down-converted signals to generate output baseband signals. Output baseband signals can be provided to the baseband circuitry 204 for further processing. In some embodiments, the output baseband signals can be zero-frequency baseband signals, although this is not a requirement. In some embodiments, mixer circuitry 206a of the receive signal path can comprise passive mixers, although the scope of the embodiments is not limited in this respect.

[0050] In some embodiments, the mixer circuitry 206a of the transmit signal path can be configured to up-convert input baseband signals based on the synthesized frequency provided by the synthesizer circuitry 206d to generate RF output signals for the FEM circuitry 208. The baseband signals can be provided by the baseband circuitry 204 and can be filtered by filter circuitry 206c.

[0051] In some embodiments, the mixer circuitry 206a of the receive signal path and the mixer circuitry 206a of the transmit signal path can include two or more mixers and can be arranged for quadrature downconversion and upconversion, respectively. In some embodiments, the mixer circuitry 206a of the receive signal path and the mixer circuitry 206a of the transmit signal path can include two or more mixers and can be arranged for image rejection (e.g., Hartley image rejection). In some embodiments, the mixer circuitry 206a of the receive signal path and the mixer circuitry 206a can be arranged for direct downconversion and direct upconversion, respectively. In some embodiments, the mixer circuitry 206a of the receive signal path and the mixer circuitry 206a of the transmit signal path can be configured for super-heterodyne operation.

[0052] In some embodiments, the output baseband signals and the input baseband signals can be analog baseband signals, although the scope of the embodiments is not limited in this respect. In some alternate embodiments, the output baseband signals and the input baseband signals can be digital baseband signals. In these alternate embodiments, the RF circuitry 206 can include analog-to-digital converter (ADC) and digital-to-analog converter (DAC) circuitry and the baseband circuitry 204 can include a digital baseband interface to communicate with the RF circuitry 206.

[0053] In some dual-mode embodiments, a separate radio IC circuitry can be provided for processing signals for each spectrum, although the scope of the

embodiments is not limited in this respect.

[0054] In some embodiments, the synthesizer circuitry 206d can be a fractional-N synthesizer or a fractional N/N+1 synthesizer, although the scope of the embodiments is not limited in this respect as other types of frequency synthesizers can be suitable. For example, synthesizer circuitry 206d can be a delta-sigma synthesizer, a frequency multiplier, or a synthesizer comprising a phase-locked loop with a frequency divider.

[0055] The synthesizer circuitry 206d can be configured to synthesize an output frequency for use by the mixer circuitry 206a of the RF circuitry 206 based on a frequency input and a divider control input. In some embodiments, the synthesizer circuitry 206d can be a fractional N/N+1 synthesizer.

[0056] In some embodiments, frequency input can be provided by a voltage controlled oscillator (VCO), although that is not a requirement. Divider control input can be provided by either the baseband circuitry 204 or the applications processor 202 depending on the desired output frequency. In some embodiments, a divider control input (e.g., N) can be determined from a look-up table based on a channel indicated by the applications processor 202.

[0057] Synthesizer circuitry 206d of the RF circuitry 206 can include a divider, a delay-locked loop (DLL), a multiplexer and a phase accumulator. In some embodiments, the divider can be a dual modulus divider (DMD) and the phase accumulator can be a digital phase accumulator (DPA). In some embodiments, the DMD can be configured to divide the input signal by either N or N+1 (e.g., based on a carry out) to provide a fractional division ratio. In some example embodiments, the DLL can include a set of cascaded, tunable, delay elements, a phase detector, a charge pump and a D-type flip- flop. In these embodiments, the delay elements can be configured to break a VCO period up into Nd equal packets of phase, where Nd is the number of delay elements in the delay line. In this way, the DLL provides negative feedback to help ensure that the total delay through the delay line is one VCO cycle.

[0058] In some embodiments, synthesizer circuitry 206d can be configured to generate a carrier frequency as the output frequency, while in other embodiments, the output frequency can be a multiple of the carrier frequency (e.g., twice the carrier frequency, four times the carrier frequency) and used in conjunction with quadrature generator and divider circuitry to generate multiple signals at the carrier frequency with multiple different phases with respect to each other. In some embodiments, the output frequency can be a LO frequency (fLO). In some embodiments, the RF circuitry 206 can include an IQ/polar converter.

[0059] FEM circuitry 208 can include a receive signal path which can include circuitry configured to operate on RF signals received from one or more antennas 210, amplify the received signals and provide the amplified versions of the received signals to the RF circuitry 206 for further processing. FEM circuitry 208 can also include a transmit signal path which can include circuitry configured to amplify signals for transmission provided by the RF circuitry 206 for transmission by one or more of the one or more antennas 21 0. In various embodiments, the amplification through the transmit or receive signal paths can be done solely in the RF circuitry 206, solely in the FEM 208, or in both the RF circuitry 206 and the FEM 208.

[0060] In some embodiments, the FEM circuitry 208 can include a TX/RX switch to switch between transmit mode and receive mode operation. The FEM circuitry can include a receive signal path and a transmit signal path. The receive signal path of the FEM circuitry can include an LNA to amplify received RF signals and provide the amplified received RF signals as an output (e.g., to the RF circuitry 206). The transmit signal path of the FEM circuitry 208 can include a power amplifier (PA) to amplify input RF signals (e.g., provided by RF circuitry 206), and one or more filters to generate RF signals for subsequent transmission (e.g., by one or more of the one or more antennas 21 0).

[0061] In some embodiments, the PMC 212 can manage power provided to the baseband circuitry 204. In particular, the PMC 21 2 can control power-source selection, voltage scaling, battery charging, or DC-to-DC conversion. The PMC 212 can often be included when the device 200 is capable of being powered by a battery, for example, when the device is included in a UE. The PMC 21 2 can increase the power conversion efficiency while providing desirable implementation size and heat dissipation

characteristics.

[0062] While FIG. 2 shows the PMC 212 coupled only with the baseband circuitry 204. However, in other embodiments, the PMC 2 12 can be additionally or alternatively coupled with, and perform similar power management operations for, other components such as, but not limited to, application circuitry 202, RF circuitry 206, or FEM 208.

[0063] In some embodiments, the PMC 212 can control, or otherwise be part of, various power saving mechanisms of the device 200. For example, if the device 200 is in an RRC_Connected state, where it is still connected to the RAN node as it expects to receive traffic shortly, then it can enter a state known as Discontinuous Reception Mode (DRX) after a period of inactivity. During this state, the device 200 can power down for brief intervals of time and thus save power.

[0064] If there is no data traffic activity for an extended period of time, then the device 200 can transition off to an RRCJdle state, where it disconnects from the network and does not perform operations such as channel quality feedback, handover, etc. The device 200 goes into a very low power state and it performs paging where again it periodically wakes up to listen to the network and then powers down again. The device 200 can not receive data in this state, in order to receive data, it must transition back to RRC_Connected state.

[0065] An additional power saving mode can allow a device to be unavailable to the network for periods longer than a paging interval (ranging from seconds to a few hours). During this time, the device is totally unreachable to the network and can power down completely. Any data sent during this time incurs a large delay and it is assumed the delay is acceptable.

[0066] Processors of the application circuitry 202 and processors of the baseband circuitry 204 can be used to execute elements of one or more instances of a protocol stack. For example, processors of the baseband circuitry 204, alone or in combination, can be used execute Layer 3, Layer 2, or Layer 1 functionality, while processors of the application circuitry 204 can utilize data (e.g., packet data) received from these layers and further execute Layer 4 functionality (e.g., transmission communication protocol (TCP) and user datagram protocol (UDP) layers). As referred to herein, Layer 3 can comprise a radio resource control (RRC) layer, described in further detail below. As referred to herein, Layer 2 can comprise a medium access control (MAC) layer, a radio link control (RLC) layer, and a packet data convergence protocol (PDCP) layer, described in further detail below. As referred to herein, Layer 1 can comprise a physical (PHY) layer of a UE/RAN node, described in further detail below.

[0067] FIG. 3 illustrates example interfaces of baseband circuitry in accordance with some embodiments. As discussed above, the baseband circuitry 204 of FIG. 2 can comprise processors 204A-204E and a memory 204G utilized by said processors. Each of the processors 204A-204E can include a memory interface, 304A-304E, respectively, to send/receive data to/from the memory 204G.

[0068] In addition, the memory 204G (as well as other memory components discussed herein, such as memory 430, memory 530 or the like) can comprise one or more machine-readable medium / media including instructions that, when performed by a machine or component herein cause the machine to perform acts of the method or of an apparatus or system for concurrent communication using multiple communication technologies according to embodiments and examples described herein. It is to be understood that aspects described herein can be implemented by hardware, software, firmware, or any combination thereof. When implemented in software, functions can be stored on or transmitted over as one or more instructions or code on a computer- readable medium (e.g., the memory described herein or other storage device).

Computer-readable media includes both computer storage media and communication media including any medium that facilitates transfer of a computer program from one place to another. A storage media or a computer readable storage device can be any available media that can be accessed by a general purpose or special purpose computer. By way of example, and not limitation, such computer-readable media can comprise RAM, ROM, EEPROM, CD-ROM or other optical disk storage, magnetic disk storage or other magnetic storage devices, or other tangible and/or non-transitory medium, that can be used to carry or store desired information or executable

instructions. Also, any connection can also be termed a computer-readable medium. For example, if software is transmitted from a website, server, or other remote source using a coaxial cable, fiber optic cable, twisted pair, digital subscriber line (DSL), or wireless technologies such as infrared, radio, and microwave, then coaxial cable, fiber optic cable, twisted pair, DSL, or wireless technologies such as infrared, radio, and microwave are included in the definition of medium.

[0069] The baseband circuitry 204 can further include one or more interfaces to communicatively couple to other circuitries/devices, such as a memory interface 312 (e.g., an interface to send/receive data to/from memory external to the baseband circuitry 204), an application circuitry interface 314 (e.g., an interface to send/receive data to/from the application circuitry 202 of FIG. 2), an RF circuitry interface 316 (e.g., an interface to send/receive data to/from RF circuitry 206 of FIG. 2), a wireless hardware connectivity interface 31 8 (e.g., an interface to send/receive data to/from Near Field Communication (NFC) components, Bluetooth® components (e.g., Bluetooth® Low Energy), Wi-Fi® components, and other communication components), and a power management interface 320 (e.g., an interface to send/receive power or control signals to/from the PMC 212).

[0070] Referring to FIG. 4, illustrated is a block diagram of a system 400 employable at a UE (User Equipment) that facilitates enables greater power efficiency for paging communications by triggering changes in the system information and supporting single- beam repetition and multi-beam repetition, according to various aspects described herein. System 400 can include one or more processors 410 (e.g., one or more baseband processors such as one or more of the baseband processors discussed in connection with FIG. 2 and/or FIG. 3) comprising processing circuitry and associated memory interface(s) (e.g., memory interface(s) discussed in connection with FIG. 3), transceiver circuitry 420 (e.g., comprising one or more of transmitter circuitry or receiver circuitry, which can employ common circuit elements, distinct circuit elements, or a combination thereof), and a memory 430 (which can comprise any of a variety of storage mediums and can store instructions and/or data associated with one or more of processor(s) 410 or transceiver circuitry 420). In various aspects, system 400 can be included within a user equipment (UE), for example, a MTC UE. As described in greater detail below, system 400 can facilitate greater power efficiency for paging communications by triggering changes in the system information and supporting single- beam repetition and multi-beam repetition.

[0071] Referring to FIG. 5, illustrated is a block diagram of a system 500 employable at a BS (Base Station), gNB, eNB or other network device / component that facilitates enables greater power efficiency for paging communications by triggering changes in the system information and supporting single-beam repetition and multi-beam repetition, according to various aspects described herein. System 600 can include one or more processors 51 0 (e.g., one or more baseband processors such as one or more of the baseband processors discussed in connection with FIG. 2 and/or FIG. 3) comprising processing circuitry and associated memory interface(s) (e.g., memory interface(s) discussed in connection with FIG. 3), communication circuitry 520 (e.g., which can comprise circuitry for one or more wired (e.g., X2, etc.) connections and/or transceiver circuitry that can comprise one or more of transmitter circuitry (e.g., associated with one or more transmit chains) or receiver circuitry (e.g., associated with one or more receive chains), wherein the transmitter circuitry and receiver circuitry can employ common circuit elements, distinct circuit elements, or a combination thereof), and memory 530 (which can comprise any of a variety of storage mediums and can store instructions and/or data associated with one or more of processor(s) 510 or communication circuitry 520). In various aspects, system 500 can be included within an Evolved Universal Terrestrial Radio Access Network (E-UTRAN) Node B (Evolved Node B, eNodeB, or eNB), next generation Node B (gNodeB or gNB) or other base station in a wireless communications network. In some aspects, the processor(s) 510, communication circuitry 520, and the memory 530 can be included in a single device, while in other aspects, they can be included in different devices, such as part of a distributed architecture. As described in greater detail below, system 500 can facilitate enables greater power efficiency for paging communications by triggering changes in the system information and supporting single-beam repetition and multi-beam repetition.

[0072] In various aspects of first techniques, components are discussed to configure support for paging in multi-beam operations. Referring briefly to FIG. 6, illustrated is an eNB / gNB 500 beamforming based system 600 in accordance with various aspects / embodiments. The repeated data blocks 602 can be transmitted in an omnidirectional manner via antenna(s) 604, as single-beam repetition or simple repetition. The repeated data blocks 602 can also be transmitted in a multi-beam manner via antenna(s) 606, as multi-beam repetition or beam sweeping.

Antenna(s) 604 and 606 can be the same antenna(s) or different antenna(s) that generate different beam forming operations based on aspects / embodiments / criteria / parameters described herein.

[0073] In long term evolution (LTE) operations generated by the processor 510 of the eNB / gNB 500 and transmitted (e.g., via communication circuitry 520 and antenna(s) 604 or 606) and processed by the processor 410 of the UE 400 (e.g., via transceiver circuitry 420 and from other antennas (not shown) similar to 604 or 606, for example), the PCCH can be transmitted by a PDSCH, which can be triggered by a paging radio network temporary identifier (P-RNTI) based PDCCH. For example, the data blocks 602 can be transmitted by one or more antennas such that a single antenna transmits (e.g., the same data) repeatedly in all directions / omni-directionally.

[0074] However, in a multi-beam antenna 606 based system, as the eNB / gNB 500 maintains a plurality of beams from one or more antenna(s) 606, both the PDSCH and PDCCH can be transmitted by a beamforming operation in different directions, for example. Then, to broadcast the PCCH information, to re-use LTE's approach, the eNB / gNB 500 could transmit PDCCH and PDSCH repeatedly in multiple subframes with different beams so that all UEs 400 can receive such system information. The overhead for this PCCH transmission can be substantial, especially when the number of beams is large or larger than a threshold, for example.

[0075] In various aspects of the multi-beam operations / system of antenna(s) 606, the beam sweeping can be utilized to broadcast some information (e.g., system information) and corresponding signals. For example, the system information and signal carriers can include a Master Information Block (MIB), System Information Block (SIB) and a Synchronization Signal (SS) including Primary Synchronization Signal

(PSS), Secondary Synchronization Signal (SSS) or Extended Synchronization Signal

(ESS). The beam sweeping can also be applied to a Beam Reference Signal

(BRS) transmission, which can be used for the measurement of beam quality by a UE

400, for example.

[0076] As referred to herein, a synchronization signal block / synchronization block can be one or more continuous or discontinuous, contiguous or non-contiguous data blocks (or repetitions) comprising a) synchronization signal and b) a common control channel. The synchronization signal block can also be comprised within a search space, such as a new radio (NR) PDCCH search space, for example. [0077] In an embodiment, a system information modification carried by the SS, BRS, or other common control signal can be an indication of a system information change. The system information can be changed as a type of system information or system information block / configuration, a resource or other change from one type of downlink (DL) / uplink (UL) transmission to another type (e.g., paging communication or broadcast). Resources or parameters (e.g., channel parameters including the average time delay, delay spread, frequency spread, Doppler spread, channel power, signal quality, or other channel parameters) in a DL communication (e.g., a system information modification / change / update, a system information change indication, or a paging message) can be used for related UL communications (e.g., PRACH signal, SR signal, etc.), and can be semi-statically configured by higher layer signaling or signaling at the RRC layer or a higher layer, for example. Any layer above the PHY layer can be envisioned as a higher layer signaling as well. Resources can include time domain resources (e.g., a frame index, a slot index, a subframe index, a symbol index subframe) or other parameters such as a physical cell identifier (ID), a virtual cell ID or a UE ID, as well as indications, scheduling parameters, or signal resources such as a scheduling request (SR) resource, a physical random access channel (PRACH) resource, a frequency resource / band, an interlace, an orthogonal covering code (OCC), a demodulation reference symbol (DMRS) sequence and DMRS cyclic shift (DMRS CS), or other network signaling parameter or resource for the UL transmission, for example, which can be used for an uplink transmission. The higher layer signaling can be in conjunction with dynamic signaling or other techniques from the eNB 500 to the UE 400, for example, in a combination, independently or alone.

[0078] Both single-beam/simple repetition and multi-beam repetition (beam sweeping) can improve the coverage of data transmission. However, regarding to these two transmission methods, there still are open questions to be resolved. For example, how to choose the methods in a particular situation and how to make a system design to incorporate these two methods in a unified manner as one of 3GPP N R design targets remain open issues. In particular, embodiments described herein can also further enable NR control channel transmission scheme design to support both methods single beam repetition via 604 and multi-beam repetition via 606 in a unified manner.

[0079] Referring to FIG. 7, illustrated is a system information modification trigger transmission 700 in accordance with various aspects / embodiments. The system information modification can be triggered, for example, by an explicit indication and transmitted to a UE in order for the UE to monitor, search and utilize the system information according to the modification.

[0080] For example, transmission 700 can include an indication such as a bit, bit status, information, or other value 702 in subframe 702. In response to receiving the transmission 700 (e.g., a DL communication or the like), the first subframe 702 (e.g., subframe 0) or a subframe of a different index number can trigger the UE 400 to determine whether a modification is present in the signaling (e.g., the DL transmission, a time transmission interval (TTI), slot, frame or other transmission unit). After the UE detects there is system information modification, either explicitly in a transmission frame 700, or implicitly, it can decode a corresponding SIB 704 in a different subframe of the transmission burst or frame 700, for example. The subframes 702 and 704 can also illustrated a synchronization signal block / synchronization block with a synchronization signal and a common control channel that carries the indication.

[0081] The system information modification can be an indication that is explicitly communicated from the eNB 500 to the UE 400, for example, as in the subframe 702. The synchronization signal sequence or BRS sequence, for example, can be

determined by the system information modification as indicated (e.g., in a subframe index or a slot index, a particular subframe itself, or the other data), which can have two states: enabled or disabled. The SS sequence index or BRS sequence index can be divided into two groups: group A sequence indicating the system information

modification is not enabled, or group B sequence indicating the system information modification is enabled. The group division can be pre-defined or configured via higher layer signaling (e.g., a radio resource control (RRC) signaling or signaling from a higher layer than the PHY layer of an Open Systems Interconnection (OSI) model). The ETWS and CMAS notification can work in the similar way to enable system information modification schemes and communicating such modifications to a UE 400 in order to reduce decoding complexity.

[0082] In an aspect, an ESS can have the same sequence as SSS, or other SS. The ESS index, for example, can carry a maximum Llog₂(168 x 2)J = 8 bits information. As the ESS carries 4 bits symbol index information, it can still use an additional 3 bits to carry the system information modification, a ETWS notification and a CMAS notification, or each independently. Further, the ESS or other SS could use the remainder 1 bit to carry the paging information transmission trigger, which can be used to trigger the paging information transmission by a beam sweeping operation.

[0083] In another embodiment, a partial or all the information including one or more system information modification, an ETWS notification, an CMAS notification, as well as a paging information transmission trigger or a system information modification trigger can be carried by a PBCH or other common control channel.

[0084] In another embodiment, there can be a PCCH trigger indication carried by the SS or BRS. In one example, this PCCH trigger indication can take 1 bit as an explicit indication. Alternatively, this PCCH trigger can be carried by PBCH or other common control channel / signals.

[0085] In other aspects, after decoding the trigger indication (e.g., 702), for example, the UE 400 could determine that the PCCH would be transmitted in n + x subframe, where n indicates the subframe or slot index of the SS or the BRS / other common control channel, and x can be pre-defined or configured via higher layer signaling or determined by the Paging Occasion (PO).

[0086] The PO can be a subframe or slot where a P-RNTI that can be transmitted on PDCCH addressing a paging message present in a transmission or frame, for example. A paging frame (PF) as used herein can comprise one or more POs. A PO can be used to define a subframe index and a paging frame can be used to define a periodicity of the frames as they relate to a system information modification and a paging message associated with the modification / modification trigger / indication, for example.

[0087] Referring to FIG. 8, illustrated is a system information modification trigger transmission 700 in accordance with various aspects / embodiments. FIG. 8 also illustrates a synchronization signal block, which can be included in one or more subframes (e.g., 802), comprising an SS single and a common control channel (e.g., the PCCH carried by a PBCH or other control channel).

[0088] In one embodiment, the PCCH 804 can be transmitted via aperiodic common control channel (e.g., an extended PBCH (ePBCH)) channel with beam sweeping operations. The number of aperiodic ePBCH subframes y, for example, can

be determined by the period of BRS or other common control channel beam reoccurrence or predefined or configured via higher layer signaling (e.g., RRC signaling, or the like). The beam in each ePBCH symbol for PCCH 804 transmission can be one- to-one mapped to the beam in BRS or PBCH, for example. Then after UE 400 decodes the BCCH trigger in BRS or PBCH, it can directly decode one or a single ePBCH symbol to save on power.

[0089] In another embodiment, the PCCH 804 can be transmitted with omni-direction beam repeatedly by PDSCH. The downlink assignment and number of repeated PDSCH subframes / can be pre-defined or configured via higher layer signaling. Which option is utilized can be pre-defined or configured via higher layer signaling. If one PDSCH subframe is collided with other periodic downlink or uplink signal transmission, it can be transmitted in the subframe after this collided subframe.

[0090] FIGs. 8 and 9 illustrate examples for PCCH transmission 700 and 800 based on the above options, where the SS or BRS can be received in subframe 0 (or subframes of another index / indices) with the PCCH trigger (an indication of the system information modification) enabled, x can be configured to be 10, y can be configured to be equal to 1 , and k can be equal to 5. In subframe zero (e.g., 802, 902) some system modification signaling can be transmitted to the UE 400 and after receiving this information, the UE 400 could decode the system information (e.g., the SIB) as in subframe 1 0 (as subframe(s) 804, 904), for example, otherwise with no trigger or indication of a sequence index being enabled the UE 400 does not necessarily have to decode this information.

[0091] Similarly, the SS block can be used to carry some other simple (or signal) information in paging, such as the ETWS and CMAS notification, which can work in a similar way to system information modification. After the UE 400 detects such information, it would decode corresponding SIB as well and does not require an additional effort for the PBCH to be decoded further or entirely, for example.

[0092] As illustrated by FIGs. 8 and 9 the PCCH can also be used as a trigger to indicate the SS block and if this information is triggered then the UE should know that it should receive the paging channel indicated. The SS block (e.g., subframe zero) can be used to trigger the PCCH and then to carry this PCCH as a beam sweeping based channel.

[0093] In other aspects, the PCCH can be carried by a PDSCH in multiple slots / subframes 904, which can be any number of subframes within the TTI frame or transmission frame, for example. The number can be equal to one or more than one.

[0094] In another embodiment, there can be multiple PCCH processes pre-defined or configured via higher layer signaling, which can be distinguished by the payload size. If the number of paging UEs are large, for example, or higher than a predefined number of UEs greater than one, a larger PCCH transmission can be used; otherwise a smaller PCCH can be used with less subframes than a defined number of subframes of a larger PCCH transmission. So for option 1 each PCCH process should have one configuration of number of ePBCH subframes. For option 2, each PCCH process could have one downlink assignment and a defined number of PDSCH subframes. Then the PCCH trigger indication can take more bits, which can be utilized to indicate whether this is a short or long PCCH.

[0095] Table 1 illustrates one example for 2-bit PCCH trigger, where given X to be the transport block size of PCCH, PCCH process 0 defines a short PCCH payload based process, e.g. X=100, PCCH process 1 can be used for medium PCCH payload based process, e.g. X=500, and PCCH process 2 can be used for large PCCH payload based process, e.g. X=1400. Some paddings can be added if the real payload size of PCCH message is below X.

[0096] Table 1 : Example for PCCH trigger indication

[0097] In another embodiment, for all the embodiments above, the paging trigger indication or paging information can only be transmitted in the Paging Frame (PF) at the Paging Occasion (PO) which can be determined by the UE ID or international mobile subscriber identity (IMSI), or a system architecture evolution IMSI (S-IMSI), for example. In one example, the paging trigger indication or some paging information such as system information modification can be only transmitted in the periodic SS, BRS or PBCH or other common control signal subframe within the PF and if the PO can be one periodic subframe or slot index t ε [0, T— 1], where T indicates the number of periodic signal transmission subframe within one frame. The beams in PCCH

transmission channel, (e.g. ePBCH), and the beams in PCCH trigger channel or signal (e.g., BRS or PBCH), can be one-to-one mapped. Then after decoding the PCCH trigger, the UE could know which symbol that carry the PCCH information it should decode so that the power consumption can be saved. [0098] Various examples can be further demonstrated in accordance with the embodiments herein. A first example can include a UE that comprising the circuitry to receive the paging information and determine the paging subframe in multi-beam based system. Alternatively, a base station, eNB or gNB can include circuitry to transmit the paging information and a paging subframe in a multi-beam based system. A second example can include some or all of the paging information including the trigger of system information modification, ETWS notification, a CMAS notification, which can be carried by the SS including one or more of: a PSS, SSS or ESS, or BRS, or a Physical Broadcast Channel (PBCH) or other common control channel. A third example can include wherein the PCCH transmission trigger indication can be carried by SS / SS block including the PSS, the SSS, and/or ESS, or Beam Reference Signal (BRS) or Physical Broadcast Channel (PBCH) or other common control channel. In a fourth example, the subframe index of PCCH trigger for each UE can be determined by its Paging Frame (PF) and Paging Occasion (PO) which can be determined by UE ID or IMSI. In a fifth example, the PCCH transmitted in n + x subframes, where n indicates the PCCH trigger subframe and x can be pre-defined or configured via higher layer signaling. In a sixth example, wherein the PCCH can be carried by a beam sweeping based common control channel. In a seventh example, the beam pattern in the common control channel can be one-to-one mapped to the beam pattern in the common control signal or control channel which carries the PCCH trigger indication. In an eighth example, the PCCH can be carried by multiple repeated PDSCH subframes. In a ninth example, the number of PDSCH subframes can be pre-defined or configured via higher layer signaling. In tenth example, the multiple PDSCH subframes should / could skip other periodic downlink or uplink subframes. In an eleventh example, multiple PCCH processes can be defined which are targeting for different transport block size. In a twelfth example, the PCCH process index can be determined by the PCCH trigger. In a thirteenth example, if the real payload of the PCCH is below transport block size for one PCCH processes, some padding should / could be added.

[0099] Referring to FIG. 10, illustrated is an example of a search space that can be utilized to support single and multi-beam operation in 5G N R devices (e.g. , 500) according to various embodiments / aspects described in this disclosure. Both single-beam / simple repetition and multi-beam repetition (beam sweeping) can improve the coverage of data transmission. However, how to choose them in a particular situation, and how to make a system design to incorporate these two methods in a unified manner are 3GPP NR design objectives. As such, NR control channel transmission schemes with search space 1 000 can support both single- beam / simple repetition and multi-beam repetition (beam sweeping) methods in a unified manner.

[00100] In scheduled transmission, the NR-PDCCH signals the downlink data scheduling and uplink data assignment(s). Similar to LTE, in addition to the periodic transmission, some system information intended for all UEs within a network cell can be scheduled by NR-PDCCH. In particular, in 3GPP NR

operations, a paging message can be scheduled by downlink control information (DCI) carried by the N R-PDCCH and be transmitted in the associated NR physical downlink shared channel (NR-PDSCH). NR-PDCCH scheduling paging message can target the UE 400 in idle mode, and a 5G-NB 500 can have limited or no knowledge about the optimal transmission direction for the paging NR-PDCCH. At least for these two types of data scheduling, to achieve target coverage, repetition with single- and multi-beam transmission can be supported by the NR-PDCCH to improve the quality of transmission and further increase power efficiency.

[00101 ] In an aspect, the NR-PDCCH search space 1 002 design / configuration can support repetition transmission(s), and be configured to incorporate single- and multi-beam transmission in a unified manner. This can further enable the UE 400 to reduce blind decoding computation complexity so as to save power consumption. Blind decoding can be decoding of a DL communication (e.g., DCI) that can depend on a number of decoding iteration processes on a number of PDCCH candidate locations for a number of defined DCI formats, for example.

[00102] In particular, the NR-PDCCH search space 1 002 can be based on one or more control resource sets 1 01 6-1 022 (e.g., resource blocks, or other control data for communication) and comprise one or more resource element group blocks (REGBs) or repetition blocks (ReBs) 1 004-1 01 0. Resources and configurations of the transmission search space can further include a time duration 1 01 2 of one or more REGBs/ReBs 1004-1 01 0 as well as a time duration 1 014 of a control resource set 1 01 6-1 022, for example. The number of REGBs/ReBs 1 004-1 01 0 in the control resource set 1 01 4 can determine the repetition level / amount 1 014 supported by each NR-PDCCH candidate defined in the NR-PDCCH search space 1 002. Each repetition occurrence 1 01 6-1 022 of a NR-PDCCH candidate can be transmitted within a REGB/ReB 1 01 2, and can comprise of a number of control channel elements (CCEs), which further defines the aggregation level of the NR- PDCCH.

[00103] Each REGB/ReB 1 004-1 01 0 can be repeated at each repetition, including a number of resource blocks (RB) in frequency domain (x-axis (e.g. the slot / TTI axis)), which can be continuously or non-continuously allocated in carrier bandwidth, and one or several continuous OFDM symbols in time. Each data block can be a time duration (e.g., 1 01 2) that can refer to one OFDM symbol, for example. Different REGBs/ReBs 1 04-1 01 0 can also have a same frequency allocation within a same bandwidth or system bandwidth of the search space relatively, but have different time allocations, which can be continuous or non- continuous, as also illustrated with the search space 1 1 00 of FIG. 1 1 .

[00104] In an aspect, The NR-PDCCH search space 1 002 configuration can include a one-bit information field such as a repetition averaging indicator

(Repetition Averaging lndicator) (RAI) as bit / field that indicates whether or not the demodulation reference signal (DMRS)s of different repetition occurrences of a NR-PDCCH 1 002 belong to same antenna ports. Accordingly, the UE 400 can then utilize such information to determine whether or not the channel estimates of consecutive repetition occurrences can be averaged. In particular, such channel estimation averaging restriction indicated by RAI realizes the support of both single-beam/omni-beam repetition and multi-beam repetition / beam sweeping. Utilizing the RAI indication / indicator can be referred to as an explicit signally of support or not for both single-beam/omni-beam repetition and multi-beam repetition / beam sweeping.

[00105] When single-beam repetition is employed, an RAI value of 1 , for example, can enable the channel estimates being averaged over different repetition occurrences. Otherwise, in case of beam sweeping, RAI of 0 disables the averaging among channel estimates associated with different repetition

occurrences. As such, the UE 400 can respond to the signaling of the RAI and utilize one or the other, or know how to process either single-beam/omni-beam repetition and multi-beam repetition / beam sweeping operations explicitly.

[00106] In addition to utilizing an RAI, the gNB/eNB 500 can configure an NR- PDCCH search space 1 002 configuration to further include a quasi-colocation (QCL) reference signal (QCLed-RS), which can be, for example, a particular synchronization signal block index of the synchronization signal block discussed above within the synchronization signal burst, for the DMRS of each REGB/ReB 1 004-1 01 0 in the search space. Based on the receive power/quality of the QCLed reference signal, the U E 400 can skip the reception of the respective repetition occurrence. This would enable the reduction of blind decoding computation complexity.

[00107] Moreover, each ReB 1 004-1 01 0 can be configured by the gNB/eNB 500 or higher layer signaling with its own QCLed-RS for multi-beam based repetition transmission. As such, a single-beam or multi-beam repetition can be signaled in an implicit manner so that the RAI bit is not needed or used in the search space 1 002 / configuration. For example, for single-beam repetition, only one QCLed-RS is configured for a search space 1 002 / control resource set 1 01 6-1 020, while for multiple-beam repetition, a QCLed-RS on a per ReB basis can be configured for or in search space 1 002 / control resource set 1 01 6-1 020.

[00108] With search space reconfiguration by (e.g., radio resource control (RRC) signaling), single-beam/omni-beam and multi-beam repetition can be switched among each other semi-statistically, either in the same transmission / search space or different ones. In a further example, the UE 400 can be further configured several search spaces 1 002 and 1 1 00 with repetition, some of which support single-beam repetition, and others support multi-beam repetition. By this way, 5G- NB can dynamically switch between single-beam and multi-beam repetitions (i.e., simple repetition and beam sweeping). As such, the search space configuration designs can support unified single-beam and multi-beam repetition transmission.

[00109] With the proposed method, simple repetition with omni-directional beam and beam sweeping are supported in a unified manner. Moreover, signaling about the QCLed signal enables the UE 400 to reduce the blind decoding complexity. By virtue of RRC signaling based search space reconfiguration, single-beam and multi-beam repetition can be semi-statically switched. With multiple search space configurations of different RAI settings, single-beam and multi-beam repetition, i.e., simple repetition and beam sweeping, can be dynamically chosen by a 5G-NB 500 on a control channel transmission time internal (TTI) basis or per control channel transmission of TTIs.

[00110] As illustrated in FIGs. 10 and 11 , an example of a control resource set 1 01 6-1 022 can be comprised of a number of repetition blocks (e.g., 4 repetition data blocks or another number). Specifically, continuous and discontinuous repetitions are shown between the differences in the control resource sets 1 01 6- 1 022 between FIGs. 1 0 and 1 1 , respectively. Both continuous and discontinuous repetition can be used for single-beam and multi-beam repetitions. In case of single-beam transmission, discontinuous repetition can provide an increase in time diversity due to a larger total time period used for the transmission.

[00111 ] In aspects / embodiments, the search space 1 002 and 1 1 02 configuration includes, but not limited to one or more of the following : 1 ) a number of

REGBs/ReBs in the control resource set; 2) resource allocation of each

REGB/ReB; 3) Periodicity of REGB/ReB in time; or an RAI. The number of REGBs / ReBs in the control resource set can define the repetition level / amount of repetitions of the NR-PDCCH transmission. A resource allocation of each ReB can includes a set of resource blocks in a particular frequency and set of OFDM symbols in a particular subframe or slot. A periodicity of REGB/ReB in time can define the periodicity of the ReB in time within the control resource set.

[00112] In other aspects, the eNB / gNB 500 and the UE 400 can operate paging operations with single or multi-beam repetitions based on either an explicit signaling to utilize single or multi-beam repetition, or by implicit signaling. With explicit signaling of single or multi-beam repetition the RAI can be used to indicate whether the channel estimates from different repetition occurrences can be averaged. A bit of 1 can indicate that the channel estimates can be averaged, and corresponds to single-beam repetition. A bit of 0 can indicate that the channel estimates cannot be averaged, and corresponds to multi-beam repetition, i.e., beam sweeping. Alternatively, the meanings can be reversed so that bit zero corresponds to single-beam repetition and averaging of channel estimates, and bit one corresponds to multi-beam repetition and no averaging of channel estimates.

[00113] For implicit signaling of single or multi-beam repetition a QCL reference signal can be transmitted and single beam repetition can be inferred where only one QCL reference signal associated with all repetition occurrences is be defined. Multi-beam repetition / beam sweeping can be inferred where the QCL reference signal per each ReB is defined.

[00114] In various embodiments, the QCL reference signals of a DMRS of each ReB can be NR synchronization signals if the 5G-NB decides to apply the beams of synchronization signal to the repetition occurrence of a control channel as well. On the other hand, some cell-specific channel state information reference signals (CSI- RS) transmitted periodically can also be used for QCLed reference signal for the ReB of the control resource set.

[00115] Referring to FIG. 12, illustrated is an example of a control resource set comprising various data blocks (e.g., data blocks 602 of FIG. 6). The control resource set 602 can be associated with a control channel search space (e.g., NR- PDCCH search space 1 002 or 1 1 02) including four ReBs represented by the four data blocks 602, each of which can be configured with a QCLed reference signal, (e.g., QCLed-RS #1 , #2, #3 and #4). Additionally, the UE 400 in the cell network area could, for example, only detect two QCL reference signals (e.g., QCLed-RS #3 and #4). In this case, the UE 400 can skip the blind decoding attempts for those repetition occurrences allocated in the ReBs associated with QCLed-RS #1 and #2, and thus, reduce the blind decoding computation complexity.

[00116] In particular, when the control channel search space is configured with one or more QCL reference signals for a DMRS of each REGB/ReB, based on the receive power/quality of QCLed reference signals, the U E 400 can determine whether or not the repetition occurrence in the respective ReB belonging to a blind decoding candidate should be decoded or not. Specifically, if the receive power of the QCLed reference signal of a REGB/ReB is below a certain threshold, which can be chosen by the UE 400, the UE 400 can simply skip all the repetition occurrences associated with the ReB. This would significantly reduce the blind decoding complexity.

[00117] In other aspects or various network scenarios, the 5G-N B 500 can reconfigure the repetition transmission of a control channel from single beam repetition to multi-beam repetition (omni-directional repetition to beam sweeping), or vice versa from multi-beam repetition to single beam repetition. For example, 5G-NB can receive network conditions or knowledge that all the UEs are allocated in a certain sector of the cell network area (e.g., by UE reporting, higher layer signaling or the like), in response to or based on this knowledge the 5G-NB could apply omni-directional repetition within the sector instead of beam sweeping over the whole cell. In this case, the 5G-NB 500 can employ RRC signaling to

reconfigure the search space 1 002 or 1 1 02, and update the parameters / resources associated with control resource set. For example, the RAI value can be changed from 0 to 1 , and/or respective QCLed-RS (QCL reference signal) for each ReB can be updated as well. [00118] In various embodiments, switching between transmitted (e.g. , via the eNB / gN B 500) or processing transmissions (e.g. , via the UE 400) can be performed dynamically or semi-statically. In addition or alternatively to semi-statically switching between single-beam and multi-beam repetition as described above, a dynamic switching between them can be utilized and also advantageous in terms of control signaling overhead, flexibility and adaptation speed according to

environment. To this end, 5G-NB can configure two or more search spaces, each of them has its own repetition transmission method. Specifically, some of them can support omni-directional repetition, and others support multi-beam repetition. Thus, at a particular TTI / slot, the eNB / gNB 500 can choose either of these search spaces #1 or #2, for example, for the control channel transmission according to whether the single beam or multi beam transmission would be used. If the base stations desires to use single beam transmission, it would just use an NR PDCCH candidate defined in the search space one, otherwise it uses the control channel transmitted from the search space two, for example.

[00119] Referring to FIGs. 13 and 14, illustrated are examples of search spacing and signaling transmissions 1300 and 1400 that can be associated therewith in accordance with various aspects / embodiments. For example, as illustrated in FIGs. 1 3 and 1 4, two search spaces, namely search space #1 and search space #2, can be configured by 5G-NB 500 to the UEs (e.g. , UE 400 or others) in a cell network. As shown in FIG 1 3, search space #1 supports omni-directional repetition 604 transmissions with corresponding REGBs / REBs to the antennas, while search space #2 supports beam sweeping 606 transmissions with corresponding REGBs / REBs to the antennas. In a particular TTI/slot, it can be determined by the 5G-NB 500 to decide which repetition method could be used for a control channel transmission. Thus, the 5G-NB 500 (eNB / gNB) can dynamically switch between single-beam and multi-beam repetition for a control channel transmission. It should be noticed that the radio resources used for the two control resource sets associated with search space #1 and search space #2, can be non-overlapped, partially overlapped or fully-overlapped depending on the UE 400 and 5G-NB 500 transceiver capability. The different search spaces can be indicted or provides in a same transmission or different transmissions.

[00120] In the case of a fully overlapped control resource sets, which share the same ReBs based on the channel estimates from the DMRS of each repetition occurrence, the UE 400 can identify the possible repetition transmission method. In response to the recognition, the UE 400 can further decide whether to skip all the control channel candidates in a particular search space or not, or partially. For example, in a particular TTI, the 5G-NB 500 can transmit a control channel using simple repetition, in this case, the UE 400 can detect a high correlation of channel estimates of different repetition occurrences. Given this observation, the UE 400 can then skip all the control channel blind decoding candidates defined in the search space 1 1 02 with multi-beam transmission, for example. On the contrary, if the 5G-NB 500 transmits a control channel using beam sweeping, the UE 400 could detect a very low correlation between the channel estimates from different repetition occurrences, for example, then then UE 400 could skip the blind decoding for those candidates with omni-directional repetition.

[00121 ] While the methods described within this disclosure are illustrated in and described herein as a series of acts or events, it will be appreciated that the illustrated ordering of such acts or events are not to be interpreted in a limiting sense. For example, some acts can occur in different orders and/or concurrently with other acts or events apart from those illustrated and/or described herein. In addition, not all illustrated acts can be required to implement one or more aspects or embodiments of the description herein. Further, one or more of the acts depicted herein can be carried out in one or more separate acts and/or phases.

[00122] Referring to FIG. 15, illustrated is an example process flow 1500 for transmitting / receiving / processing / generating one or more system information notifications, related updated, or paging communications in accordance with one or more aspects or embodiments herein. A computer-readable storage medium, device (e.g., a gNB / eNB, UE) or system storing executable instructions that, in response to execution, cause one or more processors to perform operations of the process flow or method, for example. The method 1500 can initiate at 1502 identifying a system information modification, such as identifying a system information change, which can include an update indication, an emergency warning service, a paging record, an Earthquake and Tsunami Warning Service (ETWS), or a Commercial Mobile Alert System (CMAS) notification, for example. Each of these system notifications or related indications can be held or carried within an MIB or an SIB, for example. [00123] At 1504, the method includes generating a synchronization signal block that indicates the system information modification based on the system information modification and a paging message.

[00124] At 1506, the method includes transmitting the system information modification via at least one of: a multi-beam repetition transmission or a single-beam repetition transmission.

[00125] Providing the synchronization signal block can comprise providing a synchronization signal (SS) and a common control channel within at least one of: a master information block (MIB) or a system information block (SIB), wherein the synchronization signal comprises one or more of: an earthquake and tsunami warning service (ETWS) notification, a commercial mobile alert system (CMAS) notification, primary synchronization signal (PSS), a secondary synchronization signal (SSS), extended synchronization signal (ESS), or a beam reference signal (BRS). A paging frame (PF) and a paging occasion (PO) subframe can also be provided within the PF based on a user equipment identity (UE ID) or an international mobile subscriber identity (I MSI).

[00126] Further, a new radio (NR) physical downlink control channel (NR-PDCCH) search space can also be provided by the eNB / gNB 500 that comprises the synchronization signal block based on a plurality of repetition blocks for transmission in single or multi-beam transmission. The eNB / gNB 500 can continuously or

discontinuously allocate resource blocks in the plurality of repetition blocks with resource elements in a frequency domain of a carrier bandwidth and one or more orthogonal frequency-division multiplexing (OFDM) symbols continuously in a time domain.

[00127] In other aspects, a repetition averaging indicator (RAI) can be generated in a NR-PDCCH search space configuration that indicates whether a demodulation reference signal (DMRS) of repetition occurrences belong to one or more same antenna ports to enable an averaging of channel estimations based on a status of a bit of the RAI.

[00128] Alternatively or additionally, generate a quasi-colocation (QCL) reference signal comprising a synchronization signal block index of the synchronization signal block associated with one or more repetition blocks of the NR-PDCCH search space can be generated that enable the UE to skip repetition occurrences associated with the one or more repetition blocks based on a channel power the QCL reference signal being under a threshold or a type of transmission received (single or multi-beam).

[00129] As used herein, the term "circuitry" can refer to, be part of, or include an Application Specific Integrated Circuit (ASIC), an electronic circuit, a processor (shared, dedicated, or group), and/or memory (shared, dedicated, or group) that execute one or more software or firmware programs, a combinational logic circuit, and/or other suitable hardware components that provide the described functionality. In some embodiments, the circuitry can be implemented in, or functions associated with the circuitry can be implemented by, one or more software or firmware modules. In some embodiments, circuitry can include logic, at least partially operable in hardware.

[00130] As it employed in the subject specification, the term "processor" can refer to substantially any computing processing unit or device including, but not limited to including, single-core processors; single-processors with software multithread execution capability; multi-core processors; multi-core processors with software multithread execution capability; multi-core processors with hardware multithread technology;

parallel platforms; and parallel platforms with distributed shared memory. Additionally, a processor can refer to an integrated circuit, an application specific integrated circuit, a digital signal processor, a field programmable gate array, a programmable logic controller, a complex programmable logic device, a discrete gate or transistor logic, discrete hardware components, or any combination thereof designed to perform the functions and/or processes described herein. Processors can exploit nano-scale architectures such as, but not limited to, molecular and quantum-dot based transistors, switches and gates, in order to optimize space usage or enhance performance of mobile devices. A processor can also be implemented as a combination of computing processing units.

[00131 ] In the subject specification, terms such as "store," "data store," data storage," "database," and substantially any other information storage component relevant to operation and functionality of a component and/or process, refer to "memory

components," or entities embodied in a "memory," or components including the memory. It is noted that the memory components described herein can be either volatile memory or nonvolatile memory, or can include both volatile and nonvolatile memory.

[00132] By way of illustration, and not limitation, nonvolatile memory, for example, can be included in a memory, non-volatile memory (see below), disk storage (see below), and memory storage (see below). Further, nonvolatile memory can be included in read only memory, programmable read only memory, electrically programmable read only memory, electrically erasable programmable read only memory, or flash memory.

Volatile memory can include random access memory, which acts as external cache memory. By way of illustration and not limitation, random access memory is available in many forms such as synchronous random access memory, dynamic random access memory, synchronous dynamic random access memory, double data rate synchronous dynamic random access memory, enhanced synchronous dynamic random access memory, Synchlink dynamic random access memory, and direct Rambus random access memory. Additionally, the disclosed memory components of systems or methods herein are intended to include, without being limited to including, these and any other suitable types of memory.

[00133] Examples can include subject matter such as a method, means for performing acts or blocks of the method, at least one machine-readable medium including instructions that, when performed by a machine cause the machine to perform acts of the method or of an apparatus or system for concurrent communication using multiple communication technologies according to embodiments and examples described herein.

[00134] Example 1 is an apparatus configured to be employed in a next generation or new radio NodeB (gNB) device comprising: one or more processors configured to: identify a modification of system information; and generate synchronization signal block based on the modification of the system information and paging information; a radio frequency front-end module configured to configure the synchronization signal block for transmission via a multi-beam repetition transmission or a single-beam repetition transmission.

[00135] Example 2 includes the subject matter of Example 1 , wherein the one or more processors are further configured to: generate the synchronization signal block comprising a synchronization signal (SS) and a common control channel that carries an indication of the modification of the system information, wherein the indication is configured to indicate whether the system information corresponding to broadcasting communications is modified based on one or more bits, and wherein the

synchronization signal comprises one or more of: an earthquake and tsunami warning service (ETWS) notification, a commercial mobile alert system (CMAS) notification, primary synchronization signal (PSS), a secondary synchronization signal (SSS), extended synchronization signal (ESS), or a beam reference signal (BRS).

[00136] Example 3 includes the subject matter of any one of Examples 1 -2, including or omitting any elements as optional, wherein the common control channel comprises a physical broadcast channel (PBCH) or a physical downlink shared channel (PDSCH) carrying a paging control channel (PCCH) transmission comprising the synchronization signal block, and wherein the radio frequency front-end module is further configured to transmit the PCCH transmission with n+x subframes, where n comprises a subframe index or a slot index of the indication as a PCCH trigger associated with a UE and x comprises another subframe index or another slot index that is predefined or configured by a higher layer signaling.

[00137] Example 4 includes the subject matter of any one of Examples 1 -3, including or omitting any elements as optional, wherein the one or more processors are further configured to: define a subframe index or a slot index of an indication as a PCCH trigger associated with a UE by a paging occasion and a periodicity of paging information in a common control channel defined by a paging frame, wherein the paging occasion and the paging frame are based on a UE ID or an international mobile subscriber identity (IMSI).

[00138] Example 5 includes the subject matter of any one of Examples 1 -4, including or omitting any elements as optional, wherein the one or more processors are further configured to: map a beam pattern of the synchronization signal block to a common control channel carrying the indication as a PCCH in the synchronization signal block in a one-to-one pattern.

[00139] Example 6 includes the subject matter of any one of Examples 1 -5, including or omitting any elements as optional, wherein the one or more processors are further configured to configure the indication in a PCCH based on multiple repeated subframes of a PDSCH that skip one or more other periodic subframes that include downlink or uplink subframes.

[00140] Example 7 includes the subject matter of any one of Examples 1 -6, including or omitting any elements as optional, wherein the one or more processors are further configured to: define a PCCH process of a plurality of different PCCH processes that differ in a payload size based on a number of UEs being paged.

[00141 ] Example 8 includes the subject matter of any one of Examples 1 -7, including or omitting any elements as optional, wherein the one or more processors are further configured to: provide a new radio (NR) physical downlink control channel (NR-PDCCH) search space that comprises the synchronization signal block based on a plurality of repetition blocks.

[00142] Example 9 includes the subject matter of any one of Examples 1 -8, including or omitting any elements as optional wherein the one or more processors are further configured to: continuously or discontinuously allocate resource blocks in the plurality of repetition blocks with resource elements in a frequency domain of a carrier bandwidth and one or more orthogonal frequency-division multiplexing (OFDM) symbols continuously in a time domain.

[00143] Example 10 includes the subject matter of any one of Examples 1 -9, including or omitting any elements as optional, wherein the NR-PDCCH search space further comprises at least one of: a number of repetition blocks that defines a repetition level of NR-PDCCH candidates, an allocation of resource blocks in a frequency domain of a carrier bandwidth for the plurality of repetition blocks, or a periodicity of the plurality of repetition blocks.

[00144] Example 1 1 includes the subject matter of any one of Examples 1 -10, including or omitting any elements as optional, wherein the one or more processors are further configured to: generate a repetition averaging indicator (RAI) in a NR-PDCCH search space configuration that indicates whether a demodulation reference signal (DMRS) of repetition occurrences belong to one or more same antenna ports to enable an averaging of channel estimations based on a state of the RAI; and generate a quasi- colocation (QCL) reference signal comprising a synchronization signal block index of the synchronization signal block for a repetition block of a plurality of repetition blocks.

[00145] Example 12 includes the subject matter of any one of Examples 1 -1 1 , including or omitting any elements as optional, wherein the one or more processors are further configured to: semi-statically signal a switch between the multi-beam repetition transmission and the single-beam repetition transmission based on a radio resource control signaling (RRC) of an NR-PDCCH search space; or dynamically configure two or more NR-PDCCH search spaces comprising a first NR-PDCCH search space associated with the multi-beam repetition transmission and a second search space associated with the single-beam repetition transmission.

[00146] Example 13 is an apparatus configured to be employed in a user equipment (UE) comprising: one or more processors configured to: identify a system information modification from a common control channel; and process a synchronization signal block based on the system information modification and paging information; a radio frequency front-end module configured to process the system information modification via a multi-beam repetition transmission or a single-beam repetition transmission.

[00147] Example 14 includes the subject matter of Examples 13, wherein the one or more processors are further configured to: decode the synchronization signal block to process a synchronization signal (SS) and the common control channel comprising an indication of the system information modification; and determine whether system information corresponding to broadcasting communications is modified based on the indication, wherein the synchronization signal comprises one or more of: an earthquake and tsunami warning service (ETWS) notification, a commercial mobile alert system (CMAS) notification, primary synchronization signal (PSS), a secondary synchronization signal (SSS), extended synchronization signal (ESS), or a beam reference signal (BRS).

[00148] Example 15 includes the subject matter of any one of Examples 1 3-14, including or omitting any elements as optional, wherein the one or more processors are further configured to: process a physical broadcast channel (PBCH) or a physical downlink shared channel (PDSCH) carrying a paging control channel (PCCH) transmission comprising the synchronization signal block from the multi-beam repetition transmission, wherein the PCCH transmission comprises n + x subframes or slots, n comprising a subframe index or slot index of an indication of the system information modification and x comprising another subframe index or another slot index determined by a paging occasion, and a periodicity of the PCCH defined by a paging frame, and wherein the paging occasion and the paging frame are based on a UE ID or an international mobile subscriber identity (IMSI).

[00149] Example 16 includes the subject matter of any one of Examples 1 3-15, including or omitting any elements as optional, wherein the one or more processors are further configured to: decode a beam pattern of the synchronization signal block mapped to the common control channel in a one-to-one pattern, wherein the common control channel is configured to carry a PCCH in the synchronization signal block.

[00150] Example 17 includes the subject matter of any one of Examples 1 3-16, including or omitting any elements as optional, wherein the one or more processors are further configured to: determine a new radio (NR) physical downlink control channel (NR-PDCCH) search space carrying the synchronization signal block based on a plurality of repetition blocks. [00151 ] Example 18 includes the subject matter of any one of Examples 1 3-17, including or omitting any elements as optional, wherein the one or more processors are further configured to: process resource blocks allocated discontinuously or continuously in a plurality of repetition blocks that comprise resource elements in a frequency domain of a carrier bandwidth and orthogonal frequency-division multiplexing (OFDM) symbols allocated continuously in a time domain.

[00152] Example 19 includes the subject matter of any one of Examples 1 3-18, including or omitting any elements as optional,, wherein the one or more processors are further configured to: decode a repetition averaging indicator (RAI) in a NR-PDCCH search space with the synchronization signal block to determine whether a

demodulation reference signal (DMRS) of repetition occurrences in the NR-PDCCH search space belong to a same antenna port; and averaging channel estimations based the RAI.

[00153] Example 20 includes the subject matter of any one of Examples 1 3-19, including or omitting any elements as optional,, wherein the one or more processors are further configured to: process a quasi-colocation (QCL) reference signal comprising a synchronization signal block index of the synchronization signal block for a repetition block of a plurality of repetition blocks; determine whether a receive power of the QCL reference signal satisfies a threshold; and in response to the QCL reference signal satisfying the threshold, skip repetition occurrences associated with a plurality of repetition blocks of the NR-PDCCH search space.

[00154] Example 21 includes the subject matter of any one of Examples 13-20, including or omitting any elements as optional,, wherein the one or more processors are further configured to: semi-statically switch between the multi-beam repetition transmission and the single-beam repetition transmission based on a radio resource control signaling (RRC) of an NR-PDCCH search space; or dynamically switch between two or more NR-PDCCH search spaces comprising a first NR-PDCCH search space associated with the multi-beam repetition transmission and a second search space associated with the single-beam repetition transmission.

[00155] Example 22 is a computer-readable storage medium storing executable instructions that, in response to execution, cause one or more processors of a new radio base station or a next generation NodeB (gNB) to perform operations, comprising: identifying a system information modification; generating a synchronization signal block that indicates the system information modification based on the system information modification and a paging message; and transmitting the system information

modification via at least one of: a multi-beam repetition transmission or a single-beam repetition transmission.

[00156] Example 23 includes the subject matter of Example 22, wherein the operations further comprise: providing the synchronization signal block comprising a synchronization signal (SS) and a common control channel within at least one of: a master information block (MIB) or a system information block (SIB), wherein the synchronization signal comprises one or more of: an earthquake and tsunami warning service (ETWS) notification, a commercial mobile alert system (CMAS) notification, primary synchronization signal (PSS), a secondary synchronization signal (SSS), extended synchronization signal (ESS), or a beam reference signal (BRS); and providing a paging frame (PF) and a paging occasion (PO) subframe within the PF based on a user equipment identity (UE ID) or an international mobile subscriber identity (I MSI).

[00157] Example 24 includes the subject matter of any one of Examples 22-23, including or omitting any elements as optional, wherein the operations further comprise: providing a new radio (NR) physical downlink control channel (NR-PDCCH) search space that comprises the synchronization signal block based on a plurality of repetition blocks; and continuously or discontinuously allocating resource blocks in the plurality of repetition blocks with resource elements in a frequency domain of a carrier bandwidth and one or more orthogonal frequency-division multiplexing (OFDM) symbols continuously in a time domain.

[00158] Example 25 includes the subject matter of any one of Examples 22-24, including or omitting any elements as optional, wherein the operations further comprise: generate a repetition averaging indicator (RAI) in a NR-PDCCH search space configuration that indicates whether a demodulation reference signal (DMRS) of repetition occurrences belong to one or more same antenna ports to enable an averaging of channel estimations based on a status of a bit of the RAI ; and generate a quasi-colocation (QCL) reference signal comprising a synchronization signal block index of the synchronization signal block associated with one or more repetition blocks of the NR-PDCCH search space to enable skipping of repetition occurrences associated with the one or more repetition blocks based on a channel power the QCL reference signal being under a threshold. [00159] Example 26 is a computer-readable storage medium storing executable instructions that, in response to execution, cause one or more processors of a user equipment (UE) to perform operations, comprising: identifying a system information modification from a common control channel; and processing a synchronization signal block based on the system information modification and paging information received from a multi-beam repetition transmission or a single-beam repetition transmission.

[00160] Example 27 includes the subject matter of Example 26, wherein the operations further comprise: decoding the synchronization signal block to process a synchronization signal (SS) and the common control channel comprising an indication of the system information modification; and determining whether system information corresponding to broadcasting communications is modified based on the indication, wherein the synchronization signal comprises one or more of: an earthquake and tsunami warning service (ETWS) notification, a commercial mobile alert system (CMAS) notification, primary synchronization signal (PSS), a secondary synchronization signal (SSS), extended synchronization signal (ESS), or a beam reference signal (BRS).

[00161 ] Example 28 includes the subject matter of any one of Examples 26-27, including or omitting any elements as optional, wherein the operations further comprise: processing a physical broadcast channel (PBCH) or a physical downlink shared channel (PDSCH) carrying a paging control channel (PCCH) transmission comprising the synchronization signal block from the multi-beam repetition transmission, wherein the PCCH transmission comprises n + x subframes or slots, n comprising a subframe index or slot index of an indication of the system information modification and x comprising another subframe index or another slot index determined by a paging occasion, and a periodicity of the PCCH defined by a paging frame, and wherein the paging occasion and the paging frame are based on a UE ID or an international mobile subscriber identity (I MSI).

[00162] Example 29 includes the subject matter of any one of Examples 26-28, including or omitting any elements as optional, wherein the operations further comprise: decoding a beam pattern of the synchronization signal block mapped to the common control channel in a one-to-one pattern, wherein the common control channel is configured to carry a PCCH in the synchronization signal block.

[00163] Example 30 includes the subject matter of any one of Examples 26-29, including or omitting any elements as optional, wherein the operations further comprise: determining a new radio (NR) physical downlink control channel (NR-PDCCH) search space carrying the synchronization signal block based on a plurality of repetition blocks.

[00164] Example 31 includes the subject matter of any one of Examples 26-30, including or omitting any elements as optional, wherein the operations further comprise: processing resource blocks allocated discontinuously or continuously in a plurality of repetition blocks that comprise resource elements in a frequency domain of a carrier bandwidth and orthogonal frequency-division multiplexing (OFDM) symbols allocated continuously in a time domain.

[00165] Example 32 includes the subject matter of any one of Examples 26-31 , including or omitting any elements as optional, wherein the operations further comprise: decoding a repetition averaging indicator (RAI) in a NR-PDCCH search space with the synchronization signal block to determine whether a demodulation reference signal (DMRS) of repetition occurrences in the NR-PDCCH search space belong to a same antenna port; and averaging channel estimations based the RAI.

[00166] Example 33 includes the subject matter of any one of Examples 26-32, including or omitting any elements as optional, wherein the operations further comprise: processing a quasi-colocation (QCL) reference signal comprising a synchronization signal block index of the synchronization signal block for a repetition block of a plurality of repetition blocks; determining whether a receive power of the QCL reference signal satisfies a threshold; and in response to the QCL reference signal satisfying the threshold, skipping repetition occurrences associated with a plurality of repetition blocks of the NR-PDCCH search space.

[00167] Example 34 includes the subject matter of any one of Examples 26-33, including or omitting any elements as optional,, wherein the operations further comprise: semi-statically switching between the multi-beam repetition transmission and the single- beam repetition transmission based on a radio resource control signaling (RRC) of an NR-PDCCH search space; or dynamically switching between two or more NR-PDCCH search spaces comprising a first NR-PDCCH search space associated with the multi- beam repetition transmission and a second search space associated with the single- beam repetition transmission.

[00168] Example 35 is an apparatus of a new radio base station or a next generation NodeB (gNB), comprising: means for identifying a system information modification; means for generating a synchronization signal block that indicates the system

information modification based on the system information modification and a paging message; and means for transmitting the system information modification via at least one of: a multi-beam repetition transmission or a single-beam repetition transmission

[00169] Example 36 includes the subject matter of Example 35, further comprising: means for providing the synchronization signal block comprising a synchronization signal (SS) and a common control channel within at least one of: a master information block (MIB) or a system information block (SIB), wherein the synchronization signal comprises one or more of: an earthquake and tsunami warning service

(ETWS) notification, a commercial mobile alert system (CMAS) notification, primary synchronization signal (PSS), a secondary synchronization signal (SSS), extended synchronization signal (ESS), or a beam reference signal (BRS); and means for providing a paging frame (PF) and a paging occasion (PO) subframe within the PF based on a user equipment identity (UE ID) or an international mobile subscriber identity (I MSI).

[00170] Example 37 includes the subject matter of any one of Examples 35-36, including or omitting any elements as optional, further comprising: means for providing a new radio (NR) physical downlink control channel (NR-PDCCH) search space that comprises the synchronization signal block based on a plurality of repetition blocks; and means for continuously or discontinuously allocating resource blocks in the plurality of repetition blocks with resource elements in a frequency domain of a carrier bandwidth and one or more orthogonal frequency-division multiplexing (OFDM) symbols continuously in a time domain.

[00171 ] Example 38 includes the subject matter of any one of Examples 35-37, including or omitting any elements as optional, further comprising: means for generating a repetition averaging indicator (RAI) in a NR-PDCCH search space configuration that indicates whether a demodulation reference signal (DMRS) of repetition occurrences belong to one or more same antenna ports to enable an averaging of channel estimations based on a status of a bit of the RAI; and means for generating a quasi- colocation (QCL) reference signal comprising a synchronization signal block index of the synchronization signal block associated with one or more repetition blocks of the NR-PDCCH search space to enable skipping of repetition occurrences associated with the one or more repetition blocks based on a channel power the QCL reference signal being under a threshold.

[00172] Example 39 is an apparatus of a user equipment (UE), comprising: means for identifying a system information modification from a common control channel; and means for processing a synchronization signal block based on the system information modification and paging information received from a multi-beam repetition transmission or a single-beam repetition transmission.

[00173] Example 40 includes the subject matter of Examples 39, further comprising: means for decoding the synchronization signal block to process a synchronization signal (SS) and the common control channel comprising an indication of the system information modification; and means for determining whether system information corresponding to broadcasting communications is modified based on the indication, wherein the synchronization signal comprises one or more of: an earthquake and tsunami warning service (ETWS) notification, a commercial mobile alert system (CMAS) notification, primary synchronization signal (PSS), a secondary synchronization signal (SSS), extended synchronization signal (ESS), or a beam reference signal (BRS).

[00174] Example 41 includes the subject matter of any one of Examples 39-40, including or omitting any elements as optional, further comprising: means for processing a physical broadcast channel (PBCH) or a physical downlink shared channel (PDSCH) carrying a paging control channel (PCCH) transmission comprising the synchronization signal block from the multi-beam repetition transmission, wherein the PCCH

transmission comprises n + x subframes or slots, n comprising a subframe index or slot index of an indication of the system information modification and x comprising another subframe index or another slot index determined by a paging occasion, and a periodicity of the PCCH defined by a paging frame, and wherein the paging occasion and the paging frame are based on a UE ID or an international mobile subscriber identity (IMSI).

[00175] Example 42 includes the subject matter of any one of Examples 39-41 , including or omitting any elements as optional, further comprising: means for decoding a beam pattern of the synchronization signal block mapped to the common control channel in a one-to-one pattern, wherein the common control channel is configured to carry a PCCH in the synchronization signal block.

[00176] Example 43 includes the subject matter of any one of Examples 39-42, including or omitting any elements as optional, further comprising: means for

determining a new radio (NR) physical downlink control channel (NR-PDCCH) search space carrying the synchronization signal block based on a plurality of repetition blocks.

[00177] Example 44 includes the subject matter of any one of Examples 39-43, including or omitting any elements as optional, further comprising: means for processing resource blocks allocated discontinuously or continuously in a plurality of repetition blocks that comprise resource elements in a frequency domain of a carrier bandwidth and orthogonal frequency-division multiplexing (OFDM) symbols allocated continuously in a time domain.

[00178] Example 45 includes the subject matter of any one of Examples 39-44, including or omitting any elements as optional, further comprising: means for decoding a repetition averaging indicator (RAI) in a NR-PDCCH search space with the

synchronization signal block to determine whether a demodulation reference signal (DMRS) of repetition occurrences in the NR-PDCCH search space belong to a same antenna port; and means for averaging channel estimations based the RAI.

[00179] Example 46 includes the subject matter of any one of Examples 39-45, including or omitting any elements as optional, further comprising: means for processing a quasi-colocation (QCL) reference signal comprising a synchronization signal block index of the synchronization signal block for a repetition block of a plurality of repetition blocks; means for determining whether a receive power of the QCL reference signal satisfies a threshold; and in response to the QCL reference signal satisfying the threshold, means for skipping repetition occurrences associated with a plurality of repetition blocks of the NR-PDCCH search space.

[00180] Example 47 includes the subject matter of any one of Examples 39-46, including or omitting any elements as optional, further comprising: means for semi- statically switching between the multi-beam repetition transmission and the single-beam repetition transmission based on a radio resource control signaling (RRC) of an NR- PDCCH search space; or means for dynamically switching between two or more NR- PDCCH search spaces comprising a first NR-PDCCH search space associated with the multi-beam repetition transmission and a second search space associated with the single-beam repetition transmission.

[00181 ] It is to be understood that aspects described herein can be implemented by hardware, software, firmware, or any combination thereof. When implemented in software, functions can be stored on or transmitted over as one or more instructions or code on a computer-readable medium. Computer-readable media includes both computer storage media and communication media including any medium that facilitates transfer of a computer program from one place to another. A storage media or a computer readable storage device can be any available media that can be accessed by a general purpose or special purpose computer. By way of example, and not limitation, such computer-readable media can comprise RAM, ROM, EEPROM, CD- ROM or other optical disk storage, magnetic disk storage or other magnetic storage devices, or other tangible and/or non-transitory medium, that can be used to carry or store desired information or executable instructions. Also, any connection is properly termed a computer-readable medium. For example, if software is transmitted from a website, server, or other remote source using a coaxial cable, fiber optic cable, twisted pair, digital subscriber line (DSL), or wireless technologies such as infrared, radio, and microwave, then coaxial cable, fiber optic cable, twisted pair, DSL, or wireless technologies such as infrared, radio, and microwave are included in the definition of medium. Disk and disc, as used herein, includes compact disc (CD), laser disc, optical disc, digital versatile disc (DVD), floppy disk and blu-ray disc where disks usually reproduce data magnetically, while discs reproduce data optically with lasers.

Combinations of the above should also be included within the scope of computer- readable media.

[00182] Various illustrative logics, logical blocks, modules, and circuits described in connection with aspects disclosed herein can be implemented or performed with a general purpose processor, a digital signal processor (DSP), an application specific integrated circuit (ASIC), a field programmable gate array (FPGA) or other

programmable logic device, discrete gate or transistor logic, discrete hardware components, or any combination thereof designed to perform functions described herein. A general-purpose processor can be a microprocessor, but, in the alternative, processor can be any conventional processor, controller, microcontroller, or state machine. A processor can also be implemented as a combination of computing devices, for example, a combination of a DSP and a microprocessor, a plurality of microprocessors, one or more microprocessors in conjunction with a DSP core, or any other such configuration. Additionally, at least one processor can comprise one or more modules operable to perform one or more of the s and/or actions described herein.

[00183] For a software implementation, techniques described herein can be implemented with modules (e.g., procedures, functions, and so on) that perform functions described herein. Software codes can be stored in memory units and executed by processors. Memory unit can be implemented within processor or external to processor, in which case memory unit can be communicatively coupled to processor through various means as is known in the art. Further, at least one processor can include one or more modules operable to perform functions described herein.

[00184] Techniques described herein can be used for various wireless communication systems such as CDMA, TDMA, FDMA, OFDMA, SC-FDMA and other systems. The terms "system" and "network" are often used interchangeably. A CDMA system can implement a radio technology such as Universal Terrestrial Radio Access (UTRA), CDMA1800, etc. UTRA includes Wideband-CDMA (W-CDMA) and other variants of CDMA. Further, CDMA1800 covers IS-1800, IS-95 and IS-856 standards. A TDMA system can implement a radio technology such as Global System for Mobile

Communications (GSM). An OFDMA system can implement a radio technology such as Evolved UTRA (E-UTRA), Ultra Mobile Broadband (UMB), IEEE 802.1 1 (Wi-Fi), IEEE 802.16 (WiMAX), IEEE 802.18, etc. UTRA and E-UTRA are part of Universal Mobile Telecommunication System (UMTS). 3GPP Long Term Evolution (LTE) is a release of UMTS that uses E-UTRA, which employs OFDMA on downlink and SC- FDMA on uplink. UTRA, E-UTRA, UMTS, LTE and GSM are described in documents from an organization named "3rd Generation Partnership Project" (3GPP). Additionally, CDMA1800 and UMB are described in documents from an organization named "3rd Generation Partnership Project 2" (3GPP2). Further, such wireless communication systems can additionally include peer-to-peer (e.g., mobile-to-mobile) ad hoc network systems often using unpaired unlicensed spectrums, 802. xx wireless LAN,

BLUETOOTH and any other short- or long- range, wireless communication techniques.

[00185] Single carrier frequency division multiple access (SC-FDMA), which utilizes single carrier modulation and frequency domain equalization is a technique that can be utilized with the disclosed aspects. SC-FDMA has similar performance and essentially a similar overall complexity as those of OFDMA system. SC-FDMA signal has lower peak-to-average power ratio (PAPR) because of its inherent single carrier structure. SC-FDMA can be utilized in uplink communications where lower PAPR can benefit a mobile terminal in terms of transmit power efficiency.

[00186] Moreover, various aspects or features described herein can be implemented as a method, apparatus, or article of manufacture using standard programming and/or engineering techniques. The term "article of manufacture" as used herein is intended to encompass a computer program accessible from any computer-readable device, carrier, or media. For example, computer-readable media can include but are not limited to magnetic storage devices (e.g., hard disk, floppy disk, magnetic strips, etc.), optical disks (e.g., compact disk (CD), digital versatile disk (DVD), etc.), smart cards, and flash memory devices (e.g., EPROM, card, stick, key drive, etc.). Additionally, various storage media described herein can represent one or more devices and/or other machine-readable media for storing information. The term "machine-readable medium" can include, without being limited to, wireless channels and various other media capable of storing, containing, and/or carrying instruction(s) and/or data. Additionally, a computer program product can include a computer readable medium having one or more instructions or codes operable to cause a computer to perform functions described herein.

[00187] Communications media embody computer-readable instructions, data structures, program modules or other structured or unstructured data in a data signal such as a modulated data signal, e.g., a carrier wave or other transport mechanism, and includes any information delivery or transport media. The term "modulated data signal" or signals refers to a signal that has one or more of its characteristics set or changed in such a manner as to encode information in one or more signals. By way of example, and not limitation, communication media include wired media, such as a wired network or direct-wired connection, and wireless media such as acoustic, RF, infrared and other wireless media.

[00188] Further, the actions of a method or algorithm described in connection with aspects disclosed herein can be embodied directly in hardware, in a software module executed by a processor, or a combination thereof. A software module can reside in RAM memory, flash memory, ROM memory, EPROM memory, EEPROM memory, registers, a hard disk, a removable disk, a CD-ROM, or any other form of storage medium known in the art. An exemplary storage medium can be coupled to processor, such that processor can read information from, and write information to, storage medium. In the alternative, storage medium can be integral to processor. Further, in some aspects, processor and storage medium can reside in an ASIC. Additionally, ASIC can reside in a user terminal. In the alternative, processor and storage medium can reside as discrete components in a user terminal. Additionally, in some aspects, the s and/or actions of a method or algorithm can reside as one or any combination or set of codes and/or instructions on a machine-readable medium and/or computer readable medium, which can be incorporated into a computer program product.

[00189] The above description of illustrated embodiments of the subject disclosure, including what is described in the Abstract, is not intended to be exhaustive or to limit the disclosed embodiments to the precise forms disclosed. While specific embodiments and examples are described herein for illustrative purposes, various modifications are possible that are considered within the scope of such embodiments and examples, as those skilled in the relevant art can recognize.

[00190] In this regard, while the disclosed subject matter has been described in connection with various embodiments and corresponding Figures, where applicable, it is to be understood that other similar embodiments can be used or modifications and additions can be made to the described embodiments for performing the same, similar, alternative, or substitute function of the disclosed subject matter without deviating therefrom. Therefore, the disclosed subject matter should not be limited to any single embodiment described herein, but rather should be construed in breadth and scope in accordance with the appended claims below.

[00191 ] In particular regard to the various functions performed by the above described components (assemblies, devices, circuits, systems, etc.), the terms (including a reference to a "means") used to describe such components are intended to correspond, unless otherwise indicated, to any component or structure which performs the specified function of the described component (e.g., that is functionally equivalent), even though not structurally equivalent to the disclosed structure which performs the function in the herein illustrated exemplary implementations of the disclosure. In addition, while a particular feature can have been disclosed with respect to only one of several implementations, such feature can be combined with one or more other features of the other implementations as can be desired and advantageous for any given or particular application.

Claims

CLAIMS What is claimed is:

1 . An apparatus configured to be employed in a next generation or new radio NodeB (gNB) device comprising:

one or more processors configured to:

identify a modification of system information; and

generate synchronization signal block based on the modification of the system information and paging information;

a radio frequency front-end module configured to configure the synchronization signal block for transmission via a multi-beam repetition transmission or a single-beam repetition transmission.

2. The apparatus of claim 1 , wherein the one or more processors are further configured to:

generate the synchronization signal block comprising a synchronization signal (SS) and a common control channel that carries an indication of the modification of the system information, wherein the indication is configured to indicate whether the system information corresponding to broadcasting communications is modified based on one or more bits, and wherein the synchronization signal comprises one or more of: an earthquake and tsunami warning service (ETWS) notification, a commercial mobile alert system (CMAS) notification, primary synchronization signal (PSS), a

secondary synchronization signal (SSS), extended synchronization signal (ESS), or a beam reference signal (BRS).

3. The apparatus of claim 2, wherein the common control channel comprises a physical broadcast channel (PBCH) or a physical downlink shared channel (PDSCH) carrying a paging control channel (PCCH) transmission comprising the synchronization signal block, and wherein the radio frequency front-end module are further configured to transmit the PCCH transmission with n+x subframes, where n comprises a subframe index or a slot index of the indication as a PCCH trigger associated with a UE and x comprises another subframe index or another slot index that is predefined or configured by a higher layer signaling.

4. The apparatus of any one of claims 1 -3, wherein the one or more processors are further configured to:

define a subframe index or a slot index of an indication as a PCCH trigger associated with a UE by a paging occasion and a periodicity of paging information in a common control channel defined by a paging frame, wherein the paging occasion and the paging frame are based on a UE ID or an international mobile subscriber identity (IMSI).

5. The apparatus of any one of claims 1 -4, wherein the one or more processors are further configured to:

map a beam pattern of the synchronization signal block to a common control channel carrying the indication as a PCCH in the synchronization signal block in a one- to-one pattern.

6. The apparatus of any one of claims 1 -5, wherein the one or more processors are further configured to configure the indication in a PCCH based on multiple repeated subframes of a PDSCH that skip one or more other periodic subframes that include downlink or uplink subframes.

7. The apparatus of any one of claims 1 -6, wherein the one or more processors are further configured to:

define a PCCH process of a plurality of different PCCH processes that differ in a payload size based on a number of UEs being paged.

8. The apparatus of any one of claims 1 -7, wherein the one or more processors are further configured to:

provide a new radio (NR) physical downlink control channel (NR-PDCCH) search space that comprises the synchronization signal block based on a plurality of repetition blocks.

9. The apparatus of claim 8, wherein the one or more processors are further configured to:

continuously or discontinuously allocate resource blocks in the plurality of repetition blocks with resource elements in a frequency domain of a carrier bandwidth and one or more orthogonal frequency-division multiplexing (OFDM) symbols continuously in a time domain.

10. The apparatus of claim 8, wherein the NR-PDCCH search space further comprises at least one of:

a number of repetition blocks that defines a repetition level of NR-PDCCH candidates, an allocation of resource blocks in a frequency domain of a carrier bandwidth for the plurality of repetition blocks, or a periodicity of the plurality of repetition blocks.

1 1 . The apparatus of any one of claims 1 -10, wherein the one or more processors are further configured to:

generate a repetition averaging indicator (RAI) in a NR-PDCCH search space configuration that indicates whether a demodulation reference signal (DMRS) of repetition occurrences belong to one or more same antenna ports to enable an averaging of channel estimations based on a state of the RAI; and

generate a quasi-colocation (QCL) reference signal comprising a synchronization signal block index of the synchronization signal block for a repetition block of a plurality of repetition blocks.

12. The apparatus of any one of claims 1 -1 1 , wherein the one or more processors are further configured to:

semi-statically signal a switch between the multi-beam repetition transmission and the single-beam repetition transmission based on a radio resource control signaling (RRC) of an NR-PDCCH search space; or

dynamically configure two or more NR-PDCCH search spaces comprising a first NR-PDCCH search space associated with the multi-beam repetition transmission and a second search space associated with the single-beam repetition transmission.

13. An apparatus configured to be employed in a user equipment (UE) comprising: one or more processors configured to:

identify a system information modification from a common control channel; and process a synchronization signal block based on the system information modification and paging information;

a radio frequency front-end module configured to process the system information modification via a multi-beam repetition transmission or a single-beam repetition transmission.

14. The apparatus of claim 13, wherein the one or more processors are further configured to:

decode the synchronization signal block to process a synchronization signal (SS) and the common control channel comprising an indication of the system information modification; and

determine whether system information corresponding to broadcasting

communications is modified based on the indication, wherein the synchronization signal comprises one or more of: an earthquake and tsunami warning service

(ETWS) notification, a commercial mobile alert system (CMAS) notification, primary synchronization signal (PSS), a secondary synchronization signal (SSS), extended synchronization signal (ESS), or a beam reference signal (BRS).

15. The apparatus of any one of claims 13-14, wherein the one or more processors are further configured to:

process a physical broadcast channel (PBCH) or a physical downlink shared channel (PDSCH) carrying a paging control channel (PCCH) transmission comprising the synchronization signal block from the multi-beam repetition transmission, wherein the PCCH transmission comprises n + x subframes or slots, n comprising a subframe index or slot index of an indication of the system information modification and x comprising another subframe index or another slot index determined by a paging occasion, and a periodicity of the PCCH defined by a paging frame, and wherein the paging occasion and the paging frame are based on a UE ID or an international mobile subscriber identity (IMSI).

16. The apparatus of any one of claims 13-15, wherein the one or more processors are further configured to: decode a beam pattern of the synchronization signal block mapped to the common control channel in a one-to-one pattern, wherein the common control channel is configured to carry a PCCH in the synchronization signal block.

17. The apparatus of any one of claims 13-16, wherein the one or more processors are further configured to:

determine a new radio (NR) physical downlink control channel (NR-PDCCH) search space carrying the synchronization signal block based on a plurality of repetition blocks.

18. The apparatus of any one of claims 13-17, wherein the one or more processors are further configured to:

process resource blocks allocated discontinuously or continuously in a plurality of repetition blocks that comprise resource elements in a frequency domain of a carrier bandwidth and orthogonal frequency-division multiplexing (OFDM) symbols allocated continuously in a time domain.

19. The apparatus of any one of claims 13-18, wherein the one or more processors are further configured to:

decode a repetition averaging indicator (RAI) in a NR-PDCCH search space with the synchronization signal block to determine whether a demodulation reference signal (DMRS) of repetition occurrences in the NR-PDCCH search space belong to a same antenna port; and

averaging channel estimations based the RAI.

20. The apparatus of any one of claims 13-19, wherein the one or more processors are further configured to:

process a quasi-colocation (QCL) reference signal comprising a synchronization signal block index of the synchronization signal block for a repetition block of a plurality of repetition blocks;

determine whether a receive power of the QCL reference signal satisfies a threshold; and

in response to the QCL reference signal satisfying the threshold, skipping repetition occurrences associated with a plurality of repetition blocks of the NR-PDCCH search space.

21 . The apparatus of any one of claims 13-20, wherein the one or more processors are further configured to:

semi-statically switch between the multi-beam repetition transmission and the single-beam repetition transmission based on a radio resource control signaling (RRC) of an NR-PDCCH search space; or

dynamically switch between two or more NR-PDCCH search spaces comprising a first NR-PDCCH search space associated with the multi-beam repetition transmission and a second search space associated with the single-beam repetition transmission.

22. A computer-readable storage medium storing executable instructions that, in response to execution, cause one or more processors of a new radio base station or a next generation NodeB (gNB) to perform operations, comprising:

identifying a system information modification;

generating a synchronization signal block that indicates the system information modification based on the system information modification and a paging message; and transmitting the system information modification via at least one of: a multi-beam repetition transmission or a single-beam repetition transmission.

23. The computer-readable storage medium of claim 22, wherein the operations further comprise:

providing the synchronization signal block comprising a synchronization signal (SS) and a common control channel within at least one of: a master information block (MIB) or a system information block (SIB), wherein the synchronization signal comprises one or more of: an earthquake and tsunami warning service (ETWS) notification, a commercial mobile alert system (CMAS) notification, primary synchronization signal (PSS), a secondary synchronization signal (SSS), extended synchronization signal (ESS), or a beam reference signal (BRS); and

providing a paging frame (PF) and a paging occasion (PO) subframe within the PF based on a user equipment identity (UE ID) or an international mobile subscriber identity (I MSI).

24. The computer-readable storage medium of any one of claims 22-23, wherein the operations further comprise:

providing a new radio (NR) physical downlink control channel (NR-PDCCH) search space that comprises the synchronization signal block based on a plurality of repetition blocks; and

continuously or discontinuously allocating resource blocks in the plurality of repetition blocks with resource elements in a frequency domain of a carrier bandwidth and one or more orthogonal frequency-division multiplexing (OFDM) symbols continuously in a time domain.

25. The computer-readable storage medium of any one of claims 22-24, wherein the operations further comprise:

generate a repetition averaging indicator (RAI) in a NR-PDCCH search space configuration that indicates whether a demodulation reference signal (DMRS) of repetition occurrences belong to one or more same antenna ports to enable an averaging of channel estimations based on a status of a bit of the RAI ; and

generate a quasi-colocation (QCL) reference signal comprising a synchronization signal block index of the synchronization signal block associated with one or more repetition blocks of the NR-PDCCH search space to enable skipping of repetition occurrences associated with the one or more repetition blocks based on a channel power the QCL reference signal being under a threshold.