WO2018044358A1 - Accès direct 5g assisté par lte - Google Patents

Accès direct 5g assisté par lte Download PDF

Info

Publication number
WO2018044358A1
WO2018044358A1 PCT/US2017/028578 US2017028578W WO2018044358A1 WO 2018044358 A1 WO2018044358 A1 WO 2018044358A1 US 2017028578 W US2017028578 W US 2017028578W WO 2018044358 A1 WO2018044358 A1 WO 2018044358A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
resources
enb
processors
connection
lte
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/US2017/028578
Other languages
English (en)
Inventor
Ana Lucia Pinheiro
Ranganadh Ranga KARELLA
Muthaiah Venkatachalam
Meghashree Megha KEDALAGUDDE
Dave Cavalcanti
Original Assignee
Intel IP Corporation
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Intel IP Corporation filed Critical Intel IP Corporation
Publication of WO2018044358A1 publication Critical patent/WO2018044358A1/fr

Links

Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L5/00—Arrangements affording multiple use of the transmission path
    • H04L5/003—Arrangements for allocating sub-channels of the transmission path
    • H04L5/0037—Inter-user or inter-terminal allocation
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W76/00—Connection management
    • H04W76/10—Connection setup
    • H04W76/14—Direct-mode setup
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L5/00—Arrangements affording multiple use of the transmission path
    • H04L5/003—Arrangements for allocating sub-channels of the transmission path
    • H04L5/0058—Allocation criteria
    • H04L5/0069—Allocation based on distance or geographical location

Definitions

  • Wireless telecommunication networks often include a Core Network (CN) that is connected to Radio Access Networks (RANs) that may include one or more base stations.
  • the RANs may enable User Equipment (UE), such as smartphones, tablet computers, laptop computers, etc., to obtain wireless services by connecting to the CN.
  • UE User Equipment
  • An example of a wireless telecommunication network may include an Evolved Packet System (EPS) that operates based on the 3rd Generation Partnership Project (3 GPP) Communication Standards.
  • EPS Evolved Packet System
  • An EPS may include an Evolved Packet Core (EPC) network that is connected to one or more Long-Term Evolution (LTE) RANs (e.g., Evolved Universal Mobile Telecommunication System (UMTS) Terrestrial Radio Access Networks (E-UTRANs)).
  • LTE Long-Term Evolution
  • UMTS Evolved Universal Mobile Telecommunication System
  • E-UTRANs Evolved Universal Mobile Telecommunication System
  • Each LTE RAN may include one or more base stations some, or all of which, may take the form of enhanced Node Bs (eNBs).
  • UEs may communicate with the EPC network via the LTE RANs.
  • LTE RANs and EPCs are often referred to as 4th Generation (4G) networks of the 3 GPP Communication Standards.
  • 4G networks may include the capability of enabling UEs to connect directly to one another, which is sometimes referred to as direct communication or device-to-device (D2D) communication.
  • the LTE framework may include a Proximity Services (ProSe) architecture, whereby UEs may communicate with an LTE eNB to obtain resources for communicating directly with other UEs.
  • the resources obtained in this manner may include 4G resources (e.g., Radio Frequency (RF) channels, numerologies (frames and timing information), etc., that are consistent with LTE communications).
  • RF Radio Frequency
  • the LTE network may not only assign network resources to a UE for establishing a connection with the network itself, but may also assign resources for the UE to establish the D2D connection with other UEs.
  • Fig. 1 is a diagram illustrating an example system in which systems and/or methods described herein may be implemented
  • Fig. 2 is a diagram of an example core network (CN);
  • Fig. 3 is a diagram of an example process for assigning device-to-device (D2D) resources to User Equipment (UE);
  • D2D device-to-device
  • UE User Equipment
  • Fig. 4 is a diagram of an example of a network configuration for implementing D2D functions
  • Fig. 5 is a diagram of another example of a network configuration for implementing a D2D functions
  • Fig. 6 is a diagram of another example of a network configuration for implementing D2D functions
  • Fig. 7 is a sequence flow diagram of a process for enabling a UE to establish D2D connections using 5 th Generation New Radio Access Technology (5G NR) connections while in a Long-Term Evolution Radio Access Network (LTE RAN);
  • 5G NR 5 th Generation New Radio Access Technology
  • LTE RAN Long-Term Evolution Radio Access Network
  • Fig. 8 is a diagram of an example of enabling UEs to establish a 5G NR connection based on information from an LTE evolved NodeB (eNB);
  • eNB LTE evolved NodeB
  • Fig. 9 is a diagram of an example network for enabling UEs of a LTE RAN to establish D2D connections using 5G NR resources;
  • Fig. 10 is a diagram of an example of a handover procedure between 4G RANs
  • Fig. 11 is a diagram of an example of a handover procedure between a 5G RAN to a 4G
  • Fig. 12 is a diagram of an example network configuration for enabling UEs to establish 5G NR connections
  • Fig. 13 is a diagram of an example process for a handover procedure that enables a UE to engage in D2D communications using 5G NR resources;
  • Fig. 14 is a diagram of another example process for a handover procedure that enables UE 1 10 to engage in D2D communications using 5G NR resources;
  • Fig. 15 illustrates, for one embodiment, example components of an electronic device
  • Fig. 16 is a block diagram illustrating components, according to some example embodiments, able to read instructions from a machine-readable or computer-readable medium (e.g. , a machine-readable storage medium) and perform any one or more of the methodologies discussed herein.
  • a machine-readable or computer-readable medium e.g. , a machine-readable storage medium
  • Telecommunication technologies may enable certain types of device-to-device (D2D) communication (which is sometimes referred to as "direct communication"), whereby one User Equipment (UE) may establish a direct connection with another UE.
  • D2D device-to-device
  • UE User Equipment
  • a UE within a Long-Term Evolution (LTE) Radio Access Network (RAN), via the ProSe architecture of the 3rd Generation Partnership Project (3GPP) Communication Standards may be allocated resources for connecting with another UE.
  • LTE Long-Term Evolution
  • RAN Radio Access Network
  • 3GPP 3rd Generation Partnership Project
  • the LTE RAN may only allocate 4 th Generation (4G) wireless resources (e.g., 4G Radio Frequency (RF) channels, 4G frames and timeslots, etc.) for D2D communications.
  • 4G wireless resources e.g., 4G Radio Frequency (RF) channels, 4G frames and timeslots, etc.
  • 5G radio resources e.g., radio resources that include different RF channels, include different frame allocations and timeslots, beamforming instructions/requirements, etc.
  • 5G resources may sometimes be referred to herein as 5G New Radio Access Technology (5G NR) resources.
  • 5G D2D communications may include UEs communicating directly with one another (e.g., via a D2D connection) using 5G NR resources.
  • the techniques described herein may enable a UE to establish a D2D connection using 5G NR resources (sometimes referred to herein as "5G D2D connection") even though the UE is connected to a 4G RAN (e.g., an LTE RAN).
  • 5G D2D connection may be established using 5G NR resources (sometimes referred to herein as "5G D2D connection") even though the UE is connected to a 4G RAN (e.g., an LTE RAN).
  • a UE may inform the network that the UE is capable of using 5G NR resource for D2D connections.
  • the network may verify that the UE is authorized to engage in D2D connections.
  • the network may allocate 5G NR resources to the UE, thereby enabling the UE to establish a D2D connection, using the 5G NR resources, even though the UE is currently in a non-5G RAN (e.g., an LTE RAN).
  • D2D connections may include a smartphone-to-smartphone connection, a vehicle-to-vehicle (V2V) connection, a vehicle-to-pedestrian (V2P) connection, a wearable-to-smartphone connection, etc.
  • the network may determine (based on factors such as, resource availability, congestion, quality of service, etc.) whether to allocate 4G D2D resources or 5G NR resources to the UE.
  • the techniques also discussed herein address handover issues (e.g., how a UE that has been assigned 5G NR resources for D2D communications may be transferred from one eNB another eNB), allocating 5G NR resources in a manner that does not create interference with nearby 5G-capable base stations, managing the allocation of D2D resources among multiple RANs, etc.
  • 5G NR resources are currently being developed by the 3GPP Communication Standards group, the scope of the present disclosure is not limited a particular designation of RF channels, frame sizes, timeslots, etc. Rather, the scope of the present disclosure includes 5G NR resources as may later be defined by the 3GPP
  • Fig. 1 is a diagram of an example system 100 in which systems and/or methods described herein may be implemented.
  • system 100 may include a telecommunication network that includes different types of RANs (e.g., 4G RANs, 5G RANs, etc.) that are connected to one or more Core Networks (CNs).
  • the CNs may include one or more ProSe functions 140 and HSS 150.
  • a ProSe function, as described herein, may include a device-to- device (D2D) authorization (for D2D services) and a vehicle-to-device (V2X) authorization (for V2X services) that are done together, at once, by the ProSe function.
  • the RANs may include one or more LTE eNBs 120 and one or more 5G eNBs 130 (referred to collectively as eNBs 120 and 130), which may enable UEs 110 to connect to one or more of the CNs.
  • LTE eNBs 120 and 5G eNBs 130
  • CNs 160 may include a 4G CN (e.g., an Evolved Packet Core (EPC)), a 5G CN (e.g., a CN capable of supporting 5G technologies), an Internet-of-Things (IoT) CN (e.g., a CN dedicated to supporting IoT devices), etc.
  • the telecommunication network may include a single CN that is capable of supporting 4G, 5G, and IoT services.
  • a detailed example of the functions and devices that may be included in CN 160 is described below with reference to Fig. 2.
  • UE 110 may include a portable computing and communication device, such as a personal digital assistant (PDA), a smartphone, a cellular phone, a laptop computer with connectivity to the wireless telecommunications network, a tablet computer, etc.
  • PDA personal digital assistant
  • UE 110 may also include a computing and communication device that may be worn by a user (also referred to as a wearable device) such as a watch, a fitness band, a necklace, glasses, an eyeglass, a ring, a belt, a headset, or another type of wearable device.
  • UE 110 may include a communication device installed in another mobile device, such as a vehicle, a robot, etc.
  • UE 110 may also include an IoT device, an example of which may include an electronic appliance, a utilities meter, a vending machine, etc.
  • UE 110 may establish a connection with LTE eNB 120 and/or 5G eNB 130.
  • UE 110 may use 4G resource and/or 5G NR resource to establish a D2D connection with other UEs 110.
  • eNBs 120 and 130 may include one or more network devices that receives, processes, and/or transmits traffic destined for and/or received from UE 110 via an air interface. eNBs 120 and 130 may be connected to a network device, such as a site router, that functions as an intermediary for information communicated between eNBs 120 and 130, and CN 160.
  • LTE eNBs 120 may implement 4G LTE technologies for connecting and providing services to UEs 110. Such connections may utilize 4G radio resources as defined by the 3GPP Communications Standards.
  • 5G eNBs 130 may implement 5G technologies (which may include using 5G NR resources) for connecting and providing services to UEs 110.
  • ProSe function 140 may include one or more server devices that enable UEs 110, even
  • ProSe function 140 may receive an indication that a particular UE 110 is capable of establishing 5G D2D connections. In response, ProSe function 140 may communicate with HSS 150 to verify that the particular UE 110 is authorized to establish 5G D2D connections within the wireless telecommunication network. When UE 110 is located communicating with LTE eNB 120, ProSe function 140 may indicate to the LTE eNB 120 that the particular UE 110 may receive an assignment of 5G NR resources for establishing 5G D2D connections. In turn, the LTE eNB 120 may allocate 5G NR resources to the particular UE 110, and the UE 110 may proceed by establishing a D2D connection using the 5G NR resources.
  • HSS 150 may include one or more devices that may manage, update, and/or store, in a memory associated with HSS 150, profile information associated with a subscriber (e.g., a subscriber associated with UE 110).
  • the profile information may identify applications and/or services (e.g., D2D services) that are permitted for and/or accessible by the subscriber; a Mobile Directory Number (MDN) associated with the subscriber; bandwidth or data rate thresholds associated with the applications and/or services; and/or other information.
  • MDN Mobile Directory Number
  • the subscriber may be associated with UE 110.
  • HSS 240 may perform authentication, authorization, and/or accounting operations associated with the subscriber and/or a
  • Fig. 2 is a diagram of an example of a CN.
  • the CN may include an Evolved Packet Core (EPC) (labeled as "Core Network” in Fig. 2) that includes ProSe function 140, HSS 150, Serving Gateway (SGW) 210, PDN Gateway (PGW) 220, Mobility Management Entity (MME) 230, and/or Policy and Charging Rules Function (PCRF) 240.
  • EPC Evolved Packet Core
  • SGW Serving Gateway
  • PGW PDN Gateway
  • MME Mobility Management Entity
  • PCRF Policy and Charging Rules Function
  • the CN may be connected to 4G RANs (e.g., LTE RANs) and 5G RANs (as shown in Fig. 1).
  • the CN may also be connected to an external network, such as a Public Land Mobile Networks (PLMN), a Public Switched Telephone Network (PSTN), and/or an Internet Protocol (IP) network (e.g., the Internet).
  • SGW 210 may aggregate traffic received from one or more eNBs and may send the aggregated traffic to the external network or device via PGW 220. Additionally, SGW 210 may aggregate traffic received from one or more PGWs 220 and may send the aggregated traffic to one or more eNBs. SGW 210 may operate as an anchor for the user plane during inter-eNB handovers and as an anchor for mobility between different telecommunication networks.
  • PGW 220 may include one or more network devices that may aggregate traffic received from one or more SGWs 210, and may send the aggregated traffic to an external network. PGW 220 may also, or alternatively, receive traffic from the external network and may send the traffic toward UE 110 (via SGW 140 and/or eNBs 120 and 130). PGW 220 may be responsible for providing charging data for each communication session to PCRF 240 to help ensure that charging policies are properly applied to communication sessions with the wireless
  • MME 230 may include one or more computation and communication devices that act as a control node for eNBs 120 and 130, and/or other devices that provide the air interface for the wireless telecommunications network. For example, MME 230 may perform operations to register UE 110 with the wireless telecommunications network, to establish bearer channels (e.g., traffic flows) associated with a session with UE 110, to hand off UE 110 to a different eNB, MME, or another network, and/or to perform other operations. MME 230 may perform policing operations on traffic destined for and/or received from UE 110.
  • bearer channels e.g., traffic flows
  • PCRF 240 may receive information regarding policies and/or subscriptions from one or more sources, such as subscriber databases and/or from one or more users. PCRF 240 may provide these policies to PGW 220 or another device so that the policies can be enforced. As depicted, in some embodiments, PCRF 240 may communicate with PGW 220 to ensure that charging policies are properly applied to locally routed sessions within the telecommunications network. For instance, after a locally routed session is terminated, PGW 220 may collect charging information regarding the session and provide the charging information to PCRF 240 for enforcement.
  • the quantity of devices and/or networks, illustrated in Figs. 1 and 2, is provided for explanatory purposes only. In practice, there may be additional devices and/or networks; fewer devices and/or networks; different devices and/or networks; or differently arranged devices and/or networks than illustrated in Figs. 1 and 2. Alternatively, or additionally, one or more of the devices of Figs. 1 and 2 may perform one or more functions described as being performed by another one or more of the devices of Figs. 1 and 2. Furthermore, while “direct" connections are shown in Figs. 1 and 2, these connections should be interpreted as logical communication pathways, and in practice, one or more intervening devices (e.g., routers, gateways, modems, switches, hubs, etc.) may be present.
  • intervening devices e.g., routers, gateways, modems, switches, hubs, etc.
  • Fig. 3 is a diagram of an example process 300 for assigning D2D resources to UE 110.
  • Process 300 may be performed by ProSe function 140, LTE eNB 120, or a combination of ProSe function 140 and LTE eNB 120.
  • another device such as MME 230, may perform one or more of the operations of process 300.
  • process 300 may include receiving UE capability information (block 310).
  • ProSe function 140 may receive information about whether a particular UE 110 is capable of using 5G NR resources for D2D connections.
  • the information may be sent by UE 110, via LTE eNB 120, as part of a procedure to gain authorization for using D2D services supported by the network.
  • the information may explicitly indicate that UE 110 is capable of engaging in 5G D2D
  • the information may instead include a request for the network to allocate 5G NR resources to UE 110 along with identification information that can be used to lookup the 5G D2D capabilities of UE 110.
  • the information may be sent by UE 110 directly to the LTE eNB 120 using an RRC (Radio Resource Control
  • Process 300 may also include determining whether UE 110 also supports LTE D2D communications based on the UE capability information (block 320). For instance, ProSe function 140 may notify LTE eNB 120 that UE 110 is to be configured for D2D
  • LTE eNB 120 may determine whether UE 110 is also capable of 4G D2D communications (e.g., using the ProSe architecture). In some implementations, LTE eNB 120 may do so by using an identifier of UE 1 10 to query the network (e.g., HSS 150) for the D2D capabilities of UE 110.
  • the network e.g., HSS 150
  • process 300 may proceed by assigning 5G NR resources to UE 110 for D2D communications (block 340).
  • LTE eNB 120 may determine or identify 5G NR resources that are available and assign the 5G NR resources to UE 1 10, which may include informing UE 1 10 of the 5G NR resources that have been assigned to UE 110.
  • LTE eNB 120 may also provide UE 110 with D2D configuration information, which may include authentications information, timing information, security information, etc., for engaging in D2D (e.g., V2X) communications.
  • 5G NR resources that are assigned to UE 1 10 may depend on the given scenario. For instance, if/when there is no 5G coverage in a given geographic area, LTE eNB 120 may allocate (as 5G NR resources) any frequency bands designated for 5G communications. If/when there is minimal 5G coverage in the area, LTE eNB 120 may assign 5G NR resources based on specific, pre-set frequency bands that are set apart for 5G communications (as opposed to 4G communications). As 5G coverage becomes more prevalent in the area, LTE eNB 120 may assign 5G NR resources based on specific RF channels, frame allocations, timeslots, and/or beamforming designations, as defined by the 3GPP Communication Standards.
  • the 5G NR resources allocated to UEs 1 10, by LTE eNB 120 may depend on the availability of 5G coverage relative to a geographic location of LTE eNB 120 (e.g. , LTE eNB 120 may specify 5G NR resources with greater granularity/particularity as the availability of 5G coverage in the area increases).
  • process 300 may proceed by determining whether to assign LTE or 5G NR resources to UE 1 10 for D2D communication (block 350). For example, LTE eNB 120 may analyze usages levels, congestion, the D2D capabilities of other UEs 1 10 in the area, a quantity of UEs 1 10 in the area, etc., in order to determine whether to allocate LTE or 5G NR resources to UE 1 10 for D2D communication. For example, when congestion levels are high for 5G NR resources, LTE eNB 120 may assign LTE resources to UE 1 10.
  • LTE eNB 120 may assign LTE resources to UE 1 10.
  • LTE eNB 120 may assign 5G NR resources to UE 1 10 for D2D
  • Process 300 may also include assigning the determined resources to UE 110 (block 360). For instance, based on the determination made by LTE eNB 120 about whether to assign LTE resources or 5G NR resources to UE 110, LTE eNB 120 may proceed by assigning said resources to UE 110. In some implementations, along with notifying UE 110 of the assigned resources, LTE eNB 120 may also provide UE 110 with D2D configuration information, which may include authentications information, timing information, security information, etc., for engaging in D2D communications.
  • D2D configuration information may include authentications information, timing information, security information, etc.
  • Fig. 4 is a diagram of an example of a network configuration for implementing D2D functions.
  • a wireless telecommunication network may include UE 410, LTE eNB 120, Legacy 3 GPP CN 420 with LTE ProSe function 430, and 5G CN 440 with 5G ProSe function 450.
  • UE 410 (depicted in Fig. 4 as a vehicle) may be an example of UE 110 described above with reference to Fig. 1.
  • Legacy 3 GPP CN 420 and 5G CN 440 may be examples of the CNs 160
  • LTE ProSe function 430 and 5G ProSe function 450 may be examples of ProSe Function 140, which were also described above with reference to Fig. 1.
  • UE 410 may send a request to LTE eNB 120 for authorization to connect to Legacy 3 GPP CN 420 and/or to use D2D services.
  • UE 410 may send capability information, indicating that UE 410 is capable of engaging in 5G NR communications.
  • LTE ProSe function 430 may communicate with 5G ProSe function 450 (as opposed to, for example, HSS 150 as described above in Figs. 1 and 3) to determine whether UE 410 is authorized to engage in 5G ProSe services, to obtain 5G NR configuration parameters, etc.
  • the scope of the present disclosure includes an implementation where a telecommunication network includes multiple CNs (e.g., a 4G and a 5G CN) that each have respective ProSe functions.
  • Fig. 5 is a diagram of another example of a network configuration for implementing a D2D function.
  • a wireless telecommunication network may include UE 410, LTE eNB 120, and 5G CN 440 with 5G ProSe function 450.
  • LTE eNB 120 may communicate directly with 5G ProSe function 450 in order to, for example, relay UE capability information to 5G ProSe function 450, verify that UE 410 is authorized to engage in 5G NR communications within the wireless telecommunication network, obtain 5G NR configuration information, etc.
  • Fig. 6 is a diagram of another example of a network configuration for implementing D2D functions.
  • a wireless telecommunication network may include UE 410, LTE eNB 120, Legacy 3 GPP CN 420, 5G CN 440, and LTE & 5G ProSe function 610.
  • LTE & 5G ProSe function 610 may be an example of LTE ProSe function 430 and 5G ProSe function 450, described above with reference to Fig. 4, combined into a single server device of cluster of server devices accessible to both Legacy 3GPP CN 420 and 5G CN 440.
  • Fig. 6 comparing the example of Fig. 6 to the examples of Figs.
  • LTE eNB 120 may communicate directly with common ProSe function (i.e. , LTE & 5G ProSe function 610) in order to, for example, determine whether UE 410 is authorized to engage in 5G NR
  • UE 410 obtain 5G NR configuration information, and determine whether UE 410 is capable of any other types of D2D communications, such as LTE D2D using the ProSe architecture.
  • Fig. 7 is a sequence flow diagram of a process for enabling UE 110 to establish 5G NR connections while in an LTE RAN.
  • process 700 may be performed as part of an initial attach procedure between UE 110 and LTE eNB 120.
  • process 700 may include UE 110 communicating, via LTE eNB 120, a request to ProSe control function 140 for authorization to engage in D2D communications within a wireless telecommunications network (line 710).
  • the request may include information regarding the D2D capabilities of UE 1 10.
  • UE 110 may indicate whether UE 1 10 is capable of engaging in 5G NR communications.
  • ProSe control function 140 may respond to the request by providing LTE eNB 120 with ProSe configuration information (e.g. , security information, authentication
  • LTE eNB 120 may determine whether UE 1 10 is also capable of other types of D2D communications, such as LTE D2D communications (block 730), which may be followed by determining an appropriate D2D technology for UE 110 (block 740). For instance, as described above with reference to Fig. 3, when UE 1 10 is only capable of 5G NR communications, LTE eNB 120 may proceed by allocating 5G NR resources to UE 1 10. However, when UE 110 is capable of multiple D2D technologies (e.g., 5G NR and LTE D2D), LTE eNB 120 may consider one or more factors (e.g.
  • LTE eNB 120 determines that 5G NR resources are appropriate for UE 110.
  • LTE eNB 120 may provide UE 1 10 with the ProSe configuration information that was received from ProSe control function 140 in addition to notifying UE 1 10 of the 5G NR resources that LTE eNB 120 has allocated to UE 110 (line 750). As shown, this may enable UE 110 to establish D2D
  • Fig. 8 is a diagram of an example of enabling UEs 110 to establish a 5G NR connection based on information from LTE eNB 120. As shown, UEs 1 10-1 and 110-2 are depicted as vehicles and may be examples of UE 110 described above with reference to Fig. 1.
  • UE 810-1 may communicate with LTE eNB 120 to obtain authorization for using D2D services within a wireless telecommunication network to which LTE eNB 120 pertains (at 1). In doing so, UE 810-1 may provide LTE eNB 120 with information regarding the D2D capabilities of UE 810-1. For instance, UE 810-1 may indicate that UE 810-1 is capable of using 5G NR resources for D2D communications. UE 810-1 may indicate this in one or more way, such as by explicit information, by making a request for 5G NR resources, etc.
  • LTE eNB 120 may respond with D2D configuration information, which may include parameters, settings, security and protocol information, etc. , for D2D communications (at 2).
  • LTE eNB 120 may also, or alternatively, provide UE 810-1 with 5G NR resource information, such as RF channels, numerology information, etc., for D2D connections.
  • the configuration information and the 5G NR resource information may be received together (e.g., via the same message or communication) or at different times.
  • the communications between UE 810-1 and LTE eNB 120 may include a Vehicle-to-Infrastructure (V2I) or Vehicle-to- Network (V2N) connection within the LTE architecture and framework.
  • V2I Vehicle-to-Infrastructure
  • V2N Vehicle-to- Network
  • UE 810-2 may engage in similar communications with LTE eNB 120 to obtain D2D configuration information and 5G resource information (at 3 and 4).
  • UEs 810-1 and 810-2 may receive information for engaging in 5G D2D communications.
  • Fig. 9 is a diagram of an example network for enabling UEs 1 10 of a 4G RAN to establish D2D connections using 5G NR resources.
  • the networks and devices depicted in Fig. 9 are discussed above with reference to Fig. 9.
  • LTE eNB 120 and 5G eNB 130 may communicate with one another to manage whether to allocate 5G NR resources to UE 1 10 and/or to manage which 5G NR resources to allocated to UE 1 10.
  • 5G cells e.g. , 5G eNB 130
  • the 5G cells may determine a pool of 5G NR resources to provide to each 4G cell (e.g. , LTE eNBs 120).
  • This information may be communicated from the 5G cells to the 4G cells via the X2 interface of the 3 GPP Communication Standards or via another other interface that may, or may not, involve core network 160.
  • the 5G eNBs 130 of the 5G cells may communicate with one another in order to identify the pool of resources to provide to the 4G cells collectively or to the 4G cells individually.
  • LTE eNB 120 may determine the 5G NR resources to be allocated to a particular UE 110 based on information from 5G eNB 130. For example, 5G eNBs 130 may inform LTE eNB 120 (via the X2 interface) about which 5G NR resources are being used for communications between UEs 110 and the network and/or for 5G D2D communications. In some implementations, 5G eNBs 130 may send location information for UEs 110 as well. Based on the usage information (and/or the UE location information) LTE eNB 120 may determine the particular 5G NR resources to assign to a particular UE 110 based on that usage information.
  • LTE eNB 120 may decide to allocate unused 5G NR resource to a particular UE 110 (if, for example, there are other UEs 110 in the vicinity that are using 5G NR resource), or if there are not other UEs 110 using 5G NR resources in the vicinity, LTE eNB 120 may assign overlapping 5G NR resources since the chances for interference may be relatively low.
  • LTE eNB 120 may be preconfigured with 5G NR resources that LTE eNB 120 may allocate to UEs 110 in the manner described herein (e.g., via LTE- assisted 5G direct).
  • LTE eNB 120 may inform 5G eNB 130 as 5G NR resources are allocated (in addition to the location, direction of travel, etc., of the UE 110 to which the allocation is made) by LTE eNB 120. Doing so may, for example, better enable 5G eNB 130 to manage other 5G NR resources in a manner that minimizes interference.
  • UEs 110 capable of 5GNR communications may be preconfigured with information about 5G NR resources that can be used for D2D
  • UE 110 may communicate with LTE eNB 120 in order to obtain authorization from core network 160 for engaging in D2D communications using 5G NR resources.
  • UE 110 may inform LTE eNB 120 of the 5G NR resources that UE 110 will us for 5G D2D communications, which LTE eNB 120 may relay to 5G eNBs 130.
  • UE 110 may use the 5G NR resources for D2D communications.
  • UE 110 may be moving from an area serviced by 5G eNB 130 to an area serviced by LTE eNB 120.
  • UE 110 may have already been assigned 5GNR resources for 5G D2D communications.
  • UE 110 may be preconfigured with (or may have received from 5G eNB 130) an expiration timer regarding the 5G NR resources.
  • UE 110 may continue using the 5G NR resources for the duration of the expiration timer. Thereafter, UE 110 may either obtain permission from LTE eNB 120 to continue using the 5G NR resources or receive different 5G NR resources from LTE eNB 120.
  • Fig. 10 is a diagram of an example of a handover procedure between 4G RANs.
  • UE 110 may move from one cell (e.g., LTE eNB 120-1) to another cell (e.g., LTE eNB 120-2) via a handover procedure.
  • UE 1 10-1 may receive 5G NR resources from LTE eNB 120-1 and establish a 5G D2D connection with UE 110-2 while UE 1 10-1 is located in the coverage area of LTE eNB 120-1.
  • LTE eNB 120-1 may notify LTE eNB 120-2 that UE 110-1 is using 5G NR resources for a 5G D2D connection.
  • LTE eNB 120-2 may accept the use of the 5 G NR resource by UE 110-1 , such that UE 1 10 may maintain the 5 G D2D connection with UE 1 10-2 using the same 5G NR resources.
  • a timer may be assigned to UE 110-1 that may permit UE 1 10-1 to continue using the 5G NR resources until the timer expires, whereupon LTE eNB 120-2 may assign new 5G NR resource to UE 110- 1.
  • LTE eNB 120-2 may assign new 5G NR resources to UE 1 10-1 when, for example, UE 110- 1 is transferred to LTE eNB 120-1 , when LTE eNB 120-2 receives a new pool of 5G NR resources to assign to UEs 110, etc.
  • LTE eNB 120-2 may deny (or postpone processing) the initial handover request and request that UE 1 10-1 be assigned a new set of 5G NR resources prior to completing the handover request.
  • LTE eNB 120-2 may assign UE 1 10-1 with 5G NR resources after UE 1 10-1 is transferred to LTE eNB 120-2.
  • LTE eNB 120-2 may assign the 5G NR resources via an Radio Resource Control (RRC) message.
  • RRC Radio Resource Control
  • Fig. 11 is a diagram of an example of a handover procedure between a 5G RAN to a 4G
  • UE 1 10 may move from one cell (e.g. , 5G eNB 130) to another cell (e.g., LTE eNB 120) via a handover procedure.
  • UE 110-1 may receive 5G NR resources from 5G eNB 130 and establish a 5G D2D connection with UE 1 10-2 while UE 1 10-1 is in communication with 5G eNB 130.
  • Fig. 11 depicts a line of communication directly between LTE eNB 120-1 and LTE eNB 120-2,
  • 5G eNB 130 may instruct UE 110-1 to continue using the 5G NR resources that 5G eNB 130 assigned to UE 110-1 for the D2D connection with UE 1 10-2.
  • UE 1 10-1 may continue using the 5G NR resources even after the handover procedure is complete. Referring to the 3 GPP Communications Standards, this may occur at a point during the handover procedure where one eNB (e.g., 5G eNB 130) may request physical resources (for UE 1 10-1) from the other eNB (e.g., LTE eNB 120).
  • LTE eNB 120 may determine whether to accept or refuse the request for UE 1 10-1 to continue using the 5G NR resources that UE 110-1 is using for the D2D connection. In some implementations, referring to the 3 GPP Communications Standards, LTE eNB 120 may do so in a Handover Request Acknowledge message.
  • Fig. 12 is a diagram of an example network configuration for enabling UEs 110 to establish 5G NR connections.
  • a wireless telecommunications network may include LTE eNB 120, 5G eNB 130, and/or one or more other types of RANs, capable of
  • LTE eNB 120, 5G eNB 130, and CN 160 are described above with reference to Fig. 1.
  • ProSe resource manager 1210 may include one or more server devices capable of sending, receiving, storing, and processing information regarding the management of radio resources for a D2D connection in a wireless telecommunications network.
  • a centralized network device e.g. , D2D resource manger 1210 may manage the allocation of one or more types of D2D resources (e.g. , LTE resources, 5G NR resources. , etc.) within the network.
  • ProSe function 140 may allocate 5G NR resources in various ways, such as allocating 5G NR resources for each UE 110, allocating a pool of resources for LTE eNBs 120 to manage and another for 5G eNBs 130 to manage, etc.
  • ProSe resource manager 1210 may be implemented on the same device(s) or a different device(s) than ProSe function 140.
  • Fig. 13 is a diagram of an example process for a handover procedure that enables UE 1 10 to engage in D2D communications using 5G NR resources.
  • Source eNB 1310 and target eNB 1320 may be examples of LTE eNB 120 or a combination of LTE eNB 120 and 5G eNB 130.
  • source eNB 1310 may be an example of LTE eNB 120 or 5G eNB 130
  • target eNB 1320 may be an example of LTE eNB 120.
  • the example process of Fig. 13 may demonstrate a way that the techniques described herein may be integrated into the 3GPP Communication Standards.
  • source eNB 1310 may communicate, to target eNB 1320, a Handover Request message regarding a particular UE 110 that may be transferred from source eNB 1310 to target eNB 1320 (line 1330).
  • the Handover Request message may include 5G NR resources information that indicates the 5G NR resources that have been allocated to the particular UE 1 10. Assuming that target eNB 1320 is to maintain the 5 G NR resources allocation, eNB 1320 may respond with a Handover Request Acknowledge message that also includes the 5G NR resources information. In some implementations, the Handover Request Acknowledge message may confirm to source eNB 1310 that the 5G NR resources will be maintained after the handover procedure.
  • Fig. 14 is a diagram of another example process for a handover procedure that enables UE 1 10 to engage in D2D communications using 5G NR resources.
  • Source eNB 1310 and target eNB 1320 may be examples of LTE eNB 120 or a combination of LTE eNB 120 and 5 G eNB 130.
  • source eNB 1310 may be an example of LTE eNB 120 or 5G eNB 130
  • target eNB 1320 may be an example of LTE eNB 120.
  • the example process of Fig. 14 may demonstrate another way that the techniques described herein may be integrated into the 3 GPP Communication Standards.
  • source eNB 1310 may
  • target eNB 1320 may communicate a Handover Request to target eNB 1320 (line 1410).
  • target eNB 1320 may send a Handover Request Acknowledge message to source eNB 1310 (line 1420).
  • source eNB 1310 may send a new message that include an allocation of 5G NR resources for UE 110.
  • Fig. 15 illustrates, for one embodiment, example components of an electronic device 1500.
  • Electronic device 1500 may be an example of UE 1 10, eNB 120, and/or eNB 130.
  • the electronic device 1500 may be a mobile device, a RAN node, a network controller, a subscription repository, a data gateway, a service gateway, or an application server.
  • the electronic device 1500 may include application circuitry 1502, baseband circuitry 1504, Radio Frequency (RF) circuitry
  • RF Radio Frequency
  • RF circuitry 1506, FEM circuitry 1508 and one or more antennas 1560 coupled together at least as shown.
  • the RF circuitry 1506, FEM circuitry 1508, and antennas 1560 may be omitted. In other embodiments, any of said circuitries can be included in different devices.
  • Application circuitry 1502 may include one or more application processors.
  • the application circuitry 1502 may include circuitry such as, but not limited to, one or more single-core or multi-core processors.
  • the processor(s) may include any combination of general-purpose processors and dedicated processors (e.g., graphics processors, application processors, etc.).
  • the processors may be coupled with and/or may include memory/storage and may be configured to execute instructions stored in the memory/storage to enable various applications and/or operating systems to run on the system.
  • the memo ry/sto rage may include, for example, computer-readable medium 1503, which may be a non-transitory computer- readable medium.
  • Application circuitry 1502 may, in some embodiments, connect to or include one or more sensors, such as environmental sensors, cameras, etc.
  • Baseband circuitry 1504 may include circuitry such as, but not limited to, one or more single-core or multi-core processors.
  • the baseband circuitry 1504 may include one or more baseband processors and/or control logic to process baseband signals received from a receive signal path of the RF circuitry 1506 and to generate baseband signals for a transmit signal path of the RF circuitry 1506.
  • Baseband processing circuitry 1504 may interface with the application circuitry 1502 for generation and processing of the baseband signals and for controlling operations of the RF circuitry 1506.
  • the baseband circuitry 1504 may include a second generation (2G) baseband processor 1504a, third generation (3G) baseband processor 1504b, fourth generation (4G) baseband processor 1504c, and/or other baseband processor(s) 1504d for other existing generations, generations in development or to be developed in the future (e.g., fifth generation (5G), 15G, etc.).
  • the baseband circuitry 1504 e.g. , one or more of baseband processors 1504a-d
  • the radio control functions may include, but are not limited to, signal modulation/demodulation, encoding/decoding, radio frequency shifting, etc.
  • baseband circuitry 1504 may be wholly or partially implemented by memory/storage devices configured to execute instructions stored in the memory/storage.
  • the memory/storage may include, for example, a non-transitory computer-readable medium 1504h.
  • modulation/demodulation circuitry of the baseband circuitry 1504 may include Fast-Fourier Transform (FFT), precoding, and/or constellation mapping/demapping functionality.
  • FFT Fast-Fourier Transform
  • encoding/decoding circuitry of the baseband circuitry 1504 may include convolution, tail-biting convolution, turbo, Viterbi, and/or Low Density Parity Check (LDPC) encoder/decoder functionality.
  • LDPC Low Density Parity Check
  • the baseband circuitry 1504 may include elements of a protocol stack such as, for example, elements of an evolved universal terrestrial radio access network (EUTRAN) protocol including, for example, physical (PHY), media access control (MAC), radio link control (RLC), packet data convergence protocol (PDCP), radio resource control (RRC) elements, and/or Non-Access Stratum (NAS) elements.
  • a central processing unit (CPU) 1504e of the baseband circuitry 1504 may be configured to run elements of the protocol stack for signaling of the PHY, MAC, RLC, PDCP and/or RRC layers, and/or NAS.
  • the baseband circuitry may include one or more audio digital signal processor(s) (DSP) 1504f.
  • the audio DSP(s) 1504f may be include elements for compression/decompression and echo cancellation and may include other suitable processing elements in other embodiments.
  • Baseband circuitry 1504 may further include memory/storage 1504g.
  • memory/storage 1504g may be used to load and store data and/or instructions for operations performed by the processors of the baseband circuitry 1504.
  • Memo ry/sto rage 1504g may particularly include a non-transitory memory.
  • Memory/storage for one embodiment may include any combination of suitable volatile memory and/or non- volatile memory.
  • the memory/storage 1504g may include any combination of various levels of memory/storage including, but not limited to, read-only memory (ROM) having embedded software instructions (e.g., firmware), random access memory (e.g., dynamic random access memory (DRAM)), cache, buffers, etc.
  • the memory/storage 1504g may be shared among the various processors or dedicated to particular processors.
  • Components of the baseband circuitry may be suitably combined in a single chip, a single chipset, or disposed on a same circuit board in some embodiments.
  • some or all of the constituent components of the baseband circuitry 1504 and the application circuitry 1502 may be implemented together such as, for example, on a system on a chip (SOC).
  • SOC system on a chip
  • the baseband circuitry 1504 may provide for communication compatible with one or more radio technologies.
  • the baseband circuitry 1504 may support communication with an evolved universal terrestrial radio access network (EUTRAN) and/or other wireless metropolitan area networks (WMAN), a wireless local area network (WLAN), a wireless personal area network (WPAN).
  • EUTRAN evolved universal terrestrial radio access network
  • WMAN wireless metropolitan area networks
  • WLAN wireless local area network
  • WPAN wireless personal area network
  • multi-mode baseband circuitry Embodiments in which the baseband circuitry 1504 is configured to support radio communications of more than one wireless protocol.
  • RF circuitry 1506 may enable communication with wireless networks using modulated electromagnetic radiation through a non-solid medium.
  • the RF circuitry 1506 may include switches, filters, amplifiers, etc. to facilitate the communication with the wireless network.
  • RF circuitry 1506 may include a receive signal path which may include circuitry to down-convert RF signals received from the FEM circuitry 1508 and provide baseband signals to the baseband circuitry 1504.
  • RF circuitry 1506 may also include a transmit signal path which may include circuitry to up-convert baseband signals provided by the baseband circuitry 1504 and provide RF output signals to the FEM circuitry 1508 for transmission.
  • the RF circuitry 1506 may include a receive signal path and a transmit signal path.
  • the receive signal path of the RF circuitry 1506 may include mixer circuitry 1506a, amplifier circuitry 1506b and filter circuitry 1506c.
  • the transmit signal path of the RF circuitry 1506 may include filter circuitry 1506c and mixer circuitry 1506a.
  • RF circuitry 1506 may also include synthesizer circuitry 1506d for synthesizing a frequency for use by the mixer circuitry 1506a of the receive signal path and the transmit signal path.
  • the mixer circuitry 1506a of the receive signal path may be configured to down- convert RF signals received from the FEM circuitry 1508 based on the synthesized frequency provided by synthesizer circuitry 1506d.
  • the amplifier circuitry 1506b may be configured to amplify the down-converted signals and the filter circuitry 1506c may be a low-pass filter (LPF) or band -pass filter (BPF) configured to remove unwanted signals from the down-converted signals to generate output baseband signals.
  • LPF low-pass filter
  • BPF band -pass filter
  • Output baseband signals may be provided to the baseband circuitry 1504 for further processing.
  • the output baseband signals may be zero-frequency baseband signals, although this is not a requirement.
  • mixer circuitry 1506a of the receive signal path may comprise passive mixers, although the scope of the embodiments is not limited in this respect.
  • the mixer circuitry 1506a of the transmit signal path may be configured to up-convert input baseband signals based on the synthesized frequency provided by the synthesizer circuitry 1506d to generate RF output signals for the FEM circuitry 1508.
  • the baseband signals may be provided by the baseband circuitry 1504 and may be filtered by filter circuitry 1506c.
  • the filter circuitry 1506c may include a low-pass filter (LPF), although the scope of the embodiments is not limited in this respect.
  • LPF low-pass filter
  • the mixer circuitry 1506a of the receive signal path and the mixer circuitry 1506a of the transmit signal path may include two or more mixers and may be arranged for quadrature downconversion and/or upconversion respectively.
  • the mixer circuitry 1506a of the receive signal path and the mixer circuitry 1506a of the transmit signal path may include two or more mixers and may be arranged for image rejection (e.g. , Hartley image rejection).
  • the mixer circuitry 1506a of the receive signal path and the mixer circuitry 1506a may be arranged for direct downconversion and/or direct upconversion, respectively.
  • the mixer circuitry 1506a of the receive signal path and the mixer circuitry 1506a of the transmit signal path may be configured for super-heterodyne operation.
  • the output baseband signals and the input baseband signals may be analog baseband signals, although the scope of the embodiments is not limited in this respect.
  • the output baseband signals and the input baseband signals may be digital baseband signals.
  • the RF circuitry 1506 may include analog-to-digital converter (ADC) and digital-to-analog converter (DAC) circuitry and the baseband circuitry 1504 may include a digital baseband interface to communicate with the RF circuitry 1506.
  • ADC analog-to-digital converter
  • DAC digital-to-analog converter
  • a separate radio IC circuitry may be provided for processing signals for each spectrum, although the scope of the embodiments is not limited in this respect.
  • the synthesizer circuitry 1506d may be a fractional-N synthesizer or a fractional N/N+6 synthesizer, although the scope of the embodiments is not limited in this respect as other types of frequency synthesizers may be suitable.
  • synthesizer circuitry 1506d may be a delta-sigma synthesizer, a frequency multiplier, or a synthesizer comprising a phase-locked loop with a frequency divider.
  • the synthesizer circuitry 1506d may be configured to synthesize an output frequency for use by the mixer circuitry 1506a of the RF circuitry 1506 based on a frequency input and a divider control input. In some embodiments, the synthesizer circuitry 1506d may be a fractional N/N+6 synthesizer.
  • frequency input may be provided by a voltage-controlled oscillator (VCO), although that is not a requirement.
  • VCO voltage-controlled oscillator
  • Divider control input may be provided by either the baseband circuitry 1504 or the applications processor 1502 depending on the desired output frequency.
  • a divider control input (e.g. , N) may be determined from a look-up table based on a channel indicated by the applications processor 1502.
  • Synthesizer circuitry 1506d of the RF circuitry 1506 may include a divider, a delay- locked loop (DLL), a multiplexer and a phase accumulator.
  • the divider may be a dual modulus divider (DMD) and the phase accumulator may be a digital phase accumulator (DP A).
  • the DMD may be configured to divide the input signal by either N or N+6 (e.g., based on a carry out) to provide a fractional division ratio.
  • the DLL may include a set of cascaded, tunable, delay elements, a phase detector, a charge pump and a D-type flip-flop.
  • the delay elements may be configured to break a VCO period up into Nd equal packets of phase, where Nd is the number of delay elements in the delay line.
  • Nd is the number of delay elements in the delay line.
  • synthesizer circuitry 1506d may be configured to generate a carrier frequency as the output frequency, while in other embodiments, the output frequency may be a multiple of the carrier frequency (e.g., twice the carrier frequency, four times the carrier frequency) and used in conjunction with quadrature generator and divider circuitry to generate multiple signals at the carrier frequency with multiple different phases with respect to each other.
  • the output frequency may be a LO frequency (fLO).
  • the RF circuitry 1506 may include an IQ/polar converter.
  • FEM circuitry 1508 may include a receive signal path which may include circuitry configured to operate on RF signals received from one or more antennas 1560, amplify the received signals and provide the amplified versions of the received signals to the RF circuitry 1506 for further processing.
  • FEM circuitry 1508 may also include a transmit signal path which may include circuitry configured to amplify signals for transmission provided by the RF circuitry 1506 for transmission by one or more of the one or more antennas 1560.
  • the FEM circuitry 1508 may include a TX/RX switch to switch between transmit mode and receive mode operation.
  • the FEM circuitry may include a receive signal path and a transmit signal path.
  • the receive signal path of the FEM circuitry may include a low-noise amplifier (LNA) to amplify received RF signals and provide the amplified received RF signals as an output (e.g., to the RF circuitry 1506).
  • the transmit signal path of the FEM circuitry 1508 may include a power amplifier (PA) to amplify input RF signals (e.g., provided by RF circuitry 1506), and one or more filters to generate RF signals for subsequent transmission (e.g., by one or more of the one or more antennas 1560).
  • PA power amplifier
  • the electronic device 1500 may include additional elements such as, for example, memory/storage, display, camera, sensors, and/or input/output (I/O) interface.
  • the electronic device of Fig. 15 may be configured to perform one or more methods, processes, and/or techniques such as those described herein.
  • Fig. 16 is a block diagram illustrating components, according to some example embodiments, able to read instructions from a machine-readable or computer-readable medium (e.g. , a machine-readable storage medium) and perform any one or more of the methodologies discussed herein.
  • Fig. 16 shows a diagrammatic representation of hardware resources 1600 including one or more processors (or processor cores) 1610, one or more memory/storage devices 1620, and one or more communication resources 1630, each of which are communicatively coupled via a bus 1640.
  • the processors 1610 may include, for example, a processor 1612 and a processor 1614.
  • the memory/storage devices 1620 may include main memory, disk storage, or any suitable combination thereof.
  • the communication resources 1630 may include interconnection and/or network interface components or other suitable devices to communicate with one or more peripheral devices 1604 and/or one or more databases 1606 via a network 1608.
  • the communication resources 1630 may include wired communication components (e.g., for coupling via a Universal Serial Bus (USB)), cellular communication components, Near Field Communication (NFC) components, Bluetooth® components (e.g., Bluetooth® Low Energy), Wi-Fi® components, and other communication components.
  • wired communication components e.g., for coupling via a Universal Serial Bus (USB)
  • cellular communication components e.g., for coupling via a Universal Serial Bus (USB)
  • NFC Near Field Communication
  • Bluetooth® components e.g., Bluetooth® Low Energy
  • Wi-Fi® components e.g., Wi-Fi® components
  • Instructions 1650 may comprise software, a program, an application, an applet, an app, or other executable code for causing at least any of the processors 1610 to perform any one or more of the methodologies discussed herein.
  • the instructions 1650 may reside, completely or partially, within at least one of the processors 1610 (e.g., within the processor's cache memory), the memory/storage devices 1620, or any suitable combination thereof.
  • any portion of the instructions 1650 may be transferred to the hardware resources 1600 from any combination of the peripheral devices 1604 and/or the databases 1606. Accordingly, the memory of processors 1610, the memory/storage devices 1620, the peripheral devices 1604, and the databases 1606 are examples of computer-readable and machine-readable media.
  • UE User Equipment
  • 3GPP 3 rd Generation Partnership Project
  • Communication Standards may comprise an interface for communicating with a radio component configured to use 4 th Generation (4G) resources, per the 3 GPP Communication Standards, to communicate with a Long-Term Evolution evolved NodeB (LTE eNB) of the wireless telecommunication network and processing circuitry to use the interface to: cause the radio component to communicate, to the LTE eNB, an ability of the UE to engage in device-to- device (D2D) communications using 5 l Generation (5G) resources per the 3GPP
  • example 2 the subject matter of example 1, or any of the examples herein, wherein the processing circuitry is to use the interface to cause the radio component to communicate, to the LTE eNB, an ability of the UE to engage in D2D communications using 4 th Generation (5G) resources per the 3 GPP Communication Standards.
  • 5G 4 th Generation
  • example 3 the subject matter of example 1, or any of the examples herein, wherein the processing circuitry is to use the interface to cause the radio component to communicate the ability of the UE to engage in D2D communications as part of a procedure to authenticate the UE for establishing device-to-device (D2D) communications while inside a coverage area of the LTE eNB.
  • the processing circuitry is to use the interface to cause the radio component to communicate the ability of the UE to engage in D2D communications as part of a procedure to authenticate the UE for establishing device-to-device (D2D) communications while inside a coverage area of the LTE eNB.
  • D2D device-to-device
  • example 4 the subject matter of example 1, or any of the examples herein, wherein the UE is capable using 5G resources and 4 th Generation resources to engage in D2D communications.
  • example 5 the subject matter of example 1, or any of the examples herein, wherein the information about 5G resources includes at least one of: a 5G frequency band; a 5G carrier; 5G frames; 5G timeslots; or beamforming.
  • example 6 the subject matter of example 1, or any of the examples herein, wherein the processing circuity is to use the interface to receive a timer, from the LTE eNB, indicating a duration of time for which the UE may use the 5G resources allocated to the UE.
  • example 7 the subject matter of example 1, or any of the examples herein, wherein the processing circuity is to use the interface to receive new 5G resources from another LTE eNB as part of a handover procedure from the LTE eNB to the another LTE eNB.
  • example 8 the subject matter of example 7, or any of the examples herein, wherein the new 5G resources are received from the another LTE eNB via a Radio Resource Control (RRC) message.
  • RRC Radio Resource Control
  • an apparatus of an evolved NodeB associated with a wireless telecommunication network implementing 3 rd Generation Partnership Project (3GPP)
  • Communication Standards may comprise a non-transitory computer-readable memory device storing processor-executable instructions and one or more processors configured to execute the processor-executable instructions, wherein execution of the processor-executable instructions, by the one or more processors, causes the one or more processors to: receive an indication that a User Equipment (UE), communicating with the eNB, is capable of using 5 th Generation (5G) resources, of the 3GPP Communication Standards, to establish a device-to-device (D2D) connection with other UEs; determine, in response to the indication, whether the UE is also capable of establishing the D2D connection using 4G resources of the 3 GPP Communication Standards; when the UE is not capable of establishing the D2D connection using the 4G resources, allocate 5G resources to the UE, and notify the UE of the 5G resources allocated to the UE to enable the UE to establish the D2D connection; and when the UE is capable of establishing the D2D connection using the 4G resources, determine whether to allocate the 5G resources or
  • example 10 the subject matter of example 9, or any of the examples herein, wherein the indication is received in conjunction with a communication, from a core network of the wireless telecommunication network, that includes D2D configuration information intended for the UE, and execution of the processor-executable instructions, by the one or more processors, causes the one or more processors to: provide the UE with the D2D configuration information.
  • example 11 the subject matter of example 9, or any of the examples herein, wherein, to determine whether the UE is capable of establishing the D2D connection using the 4G resources, execution of the processor-executable instructions, by the one or more processors, causes the one or more processors to: communicate, with a Home Subscriber Server (HSS) of the wireless telecommunication network, regarding the capability of the UE to use the 4G resources to establish the D2D connection.
  • HSS Home Subscriber Server
  • example 12 the subject matter of example 9, or any of the examples herein, wherein the execution of the processor-executable instructions, by the one or more processors, causes the one or more processors to: allocate the 5G resources or the 4G resources, to the UE, based on an availability of 5G resources within a coverage area of the eNB.
  • example 13 the subject matter of example 9, or any of the examples herein, wherein the execution of the processor-executable instructions, by the one or more processors, causes the one or more processors to: allocate the 5G resources or the 4G resources, to the UE, based on a current usage of 5G resources within a coverage area of the eNB.
  • example 14 the subject matter of example 9, or any of the examples herein, wherein, to allocate the 5G resources to the UE, execution of the processor-executable instructions, by the one or more processors, causes the one or more processors to: allocate 5G resources based on an availability of 5G cellular coverage relative to a geographic location corresponding to the eNB.
  • execution of the processor-executable instructions, by the one or more processors causes the one or more processors to: allocate 5G resources based on an availability of 5G cellular coverage relative to a geographic location corresponding to the eNB.
  • the indication originated from the UE and was received from a ProSe function server of the wireless telecommunication network.
  • example 16 the subject matter of example 15, or any of the examples herein, wherein execution of the processor-executable instructions, by the one or more processors, causes the one or more processors to: receive a request, from the UE, for the wireless telecommunications network to authenticate the UE for using D2D services; forward the request to the ProSe function server; and receive, in response to forwarding the request to the ProSe function server, the indication that the UE is capable of using the 5G resources.
  • an apparatus of an evolved NodeB (eNB), associated with a wireless telecommunication network implementing 3 rd Generation Partnership Project (3GPP) Communication Standards may comprise an interface for communicating with a radio component configured to use 4 th Generation (4G) resources, per the 3 GPP Communication Standards, to communicate with User Equipment (UE) within a coverage area of the eNB; and processing circuitry to: receive, from another eNB that is configured to use 5 th Generation (5G) resources, per the 3 GPP Communication Standards, a handover request regarding a particular UE, the handover request including an indication of 5G resources allocated to the UE particular UE for engaging in device-to-device (D2D) communications; determine whether to permit the particular UE to continue using the G resources after a handover procedure, corresponding to the handover request, is completed; when the particular UE is permitted to continue using the 5G resources, complete the handover procedure; and when the particular UE is not permitted to continue using the 5G resources, inform the another eNB that the particular
  • processing circuitry to: allocate different 5G resources to the particular UE; and use a Radio Resource Control (RRC) message to inform the particular UE of the different 5G resources.
  • RRC Radio Resource Control
  • processing circuitry to: provide, as part of a handover procedure, for the particular UE, from the eNB to a different eNB, information indicating the 5G resources that are allocated to the particular UE for D2D communications.
  • a computer-readable medium may contain program instructions for causing one or more processors, associated with an evolved NodeB (eNB) that is configured to use 4 th Generation (4G) resources, per the 3 GPP Communication Standards and is operable with a cellular communications network, to: receive an indication that a UE, communicating with the eNB, via the 4G resources, is capable of using 5 l Generation (5G) resources, of the 3 GPP Communication Standards, to establish a device-to-device (D2D) connection with other UEs; determine, in response to the indication, whether the UE is also capable of establishing the D2D connection using the 4G resources of the 3GPP Communication Standards; when the UE is not capable of establishing the D2D connection using the 4G resources, allocate 5G resources to the UE, and notify the UE of the 5G resources allocated to the UE to enable the UE to establish the D2D connection; and when the UE is capable of establishing the D2D connection using the 4G resources, determine whether to allocate
  • eNB
  • the program instructions cause the one or more processors to: communicate, with a Home Subscriber Server (HSS) of the wireless telecommunication network, regarding the capability of the UE to use the 4G resources to establish the D2D connection.
  • HSS Home Subscriber Server
  • example 22 the subject matter of example 20, or any of the examples herein, wherein the program instructions cause the one or more processors to: allocate the 5G resources or the 4G resources, to the UE, based on an availability of 5G resources within a coverage area of the eNB.
  • example 23 the subject matter of example 20, or any of the examples herein, wherein the program instructions cause the one or more processors to: allocate the 5G resources or the 4G resources, to the UE, based on a current usage of 5G resources within a coverage area of the eNB.
  • the program instructions cause the one or more processors to: allocate 5G resources based on an availability of 5G cellular coverage relative to a geographic location corresponding to the eNB.
  • example 25 the subject matter of example 20, or any of the examples herein, wherein the indication originated from the UE and was received from a ProSe function server of the wireless telecommunication network.
  • example 26 the subject matter of example 20, or any of the examples herein, wherein the program instructions cause the one or more processors to: receive a request, from the UE, for the wireless telecommunications network to authenticate the UE for using D2D services;
  • a method, performed by an evolved NodeB (eNB, associated with a wireless telecommunication network implementing 3 rd Generation Partnership Project (3GPP) Communication Standards comprising: receiving an indication that a User Equipment (UE), communicating with the eNB, is capable of using 5 th Generation (5G) resources, of the 3GPP Communication Standards, to establish a device-to-device (D2D) connection with other UEs; determining, in response to the indication, whether the UE is also capable of establishing the D2D connection using 4G resources of the 3 GPP Communication Standards; when the UE is not capable of establishing the D2D connection using the 4G resources, allocating 5G resources to the UE, and notifying the UE of the 5G resources allocated to the UE to enable the UE to establish the D2D connection; and when the UE is capable of establishing the D2D connection using 4G resources, determining whether to allocate the 5G resources or the 4G resources to the UE; allocating the determined
  • example 28 the subject matter of example 27, or any of the examples herein, wherein: the indication is received in conjunction with a communication, from a core network of the wireless telecommunication network, that includes D2D configuration information intended for the UE, and the method further comprises: providing the UE with the D2D configuration information.
  • determining of whether the UE is capable of establishing the D2D connection using the 4G resources includes communicating, with a Home Subscriber Server (HSS) of the wireless telecommunication network, regarding the capability of the UE to use the 4G resources to establish the D2D connection.
  • HSS Home Subscriber Server
  • example 30 the subject matter of example 27, or any of the examples herein, wherein the method further comprises allocating the 5G resources or the 4G resources, to the UE, based on an availability of 5G resources within a coverage area of the eNB.
  • example 31 the subject matter of example 27, or any of the examples herein, wherein the method further comprises allocating the 5G resources or the 4G resources, to the UE, based on a current usage of 5G resources within a coverage area of the eNB.
  • the allocating of the 5G resources to the UE includes allocating 5G resources based on an availability of 5G cellular coverage relative to a geographic location corresponding to the eNB.
  • example 34 the subject matter of example 33, or any of the examples herein, wherein the method further comprises receiving a request, from the UE, for the wireless
  • telecommunications network to authenticate the UE for using D2D services; forwarding the request to the ProSe function server; and receiving, in response to forwarding the request to the ProSe function server, the indication that the UE is capable of using the 5G resources.
  • an apparatus of an evolved NodeB (eNB), associated with a wireless telecommunication network implementing 3 rd Generation Partnership Project (3GPP) Communication Standards may comprise means for receiving an indication that a User Equipment (UE), communicating with the eNB, is capable of using 5 th Generation (5G) resources, of the 3GPP Communication Standards, to establish a device-to-device (D2D) connection with other UEs; means for determining, in response to the indication, whether the UE is also capable of establishing the D2D connection using 4G resources of the 3 GPP
  • example 36 the subject matter of example 35, or any of the examples herein, wherein the indication is received in conjunction with a communication, from a core network of the wireless telecommunication network, that includes D2D configuration information intended for the UE, and the eNB further comprises: means for providing the UE with the D2D configuration information.
  • example 37 the subject matter of example 35, or any of the examples herein, wherein the means for determining of whether the UE is capable of establishing the D2D connection using the 4G resources includes means for communicating, with a Home Subscriber Server
  • the eNB further comprises means for allocating the 5G resources or the 4G resources, to the UE, based on an availability of 5G resources within a coverage area of the eNB.
  • the eNB further comprises means for allocating the 5G resources or the 4G resources, to the UE, based on a current usage of 5G resources within a coverage area of the eNB.
  • example 40 the subject matter of example 35, or any of the examples herein, wherein the means for allocating of the 5G resources to the UE includes means for allocating 5G resources based on an availability of 5G cellular coverage relative to a geographic location corresponding to the eNB.
  • example 41 the subject matter of example 35, or any of the examples herein, wherein the indication originated from the UE and was received from a ProSe function server of the wireless telecommunication network.
  • the eNB further comprises: means for receiving a request, from the UE, for the wireless telecommunications network to authenticate the UE for using D2D services; means for forwarding the request to the ProSe function server; and means for receiving, in response to forwarding the request to the ProSe function server, the indication that the UE is capable of using the 5G resources

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Signal Processing (AREA)
  • Computer Networks & Wireless Communication (AREA)
  • Mobile Radio Communication Systems (AREA)

Abstract

Un nœud B évolué d'évolution à long terme (eNB LTE) peut utiliser des ressources radio de 4e génération (4G), des normes de communication du projet de partenariat de 3e génération (3GPP, "third generation partnership project"), pour communiquer avec un équipement utilisateur (UE, "user equipment"). L'eNB LTE peut recevoir une indication selon laquelle un UE particulier est capable d'effectuer des communications dispositif à disposif (D2D) à l'aide de ressources radio de 5e génération (5G). L'eNB LTE peut déterminer si l'UE est également capable d'effectuer des communications D2D à l'aide de ressources radio 4G. L'eNB LTE peut attribuer des ressources radio 4G ou 5G à l'UE sur la base des capacités de l'UE et d'un ou plusieurs autres facteurs, tels que la congestion de réseau, les attributions de ressources radio actuelles, etc.
PCT/US2017/028578 2016-09-02 2017-04-20 Accès direct 5g assisté par lte WO2018044358A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US201662383152P 2016-09-02 2016-09-02
US62/383,152 2016-09-02

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO2018044358A1 true WO2018044358A1 (fr) 2018-03-08

Family

ID=58672711

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
PCT/US2017/028578 WO2018044358A1 (fr) 2016-09-02 2017-04-20 Accès direct 5g assisté par lte

Country Status (1)

Country Link
WO (1) WO2018044358A1 (fr)

Cited By (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2019206314A1 (fr) * 2018-04-28 2019-10-31 华为技术有限公司 Procédé et appareil de communication
WO2020004899A1 (fr) * 2018-06-25 2020-01-02 삼성전자 주식회사 Procédé et dispositif de fourniture de service de communication de véhicule
WO2020033751A1 (fr) * 2018-08-10 2020-02-13 Intel Corporation Communication de liaison latérale sous le contrôle d'une interface uu ou d'une interface nr à lte
CN110944305A (zh) * 2018-09-25 2020-03-31 普天信息技术有限公司 一种v2x双模终端的数据传输方法、4g基站及终端
CN110972316A (zh) * 2018-09-28 2020-04-07 普天信息技术有限公司 一种v2x终端的传输资源调度方法
US10631358B1 (en) 2018-08-01 2020-04-21 Sprint Communications Company L.P. Physical layer split in a multi-radio access technology (RAT) central unit (CU)
US11284324B1 (en) 2019-07-15 2022-03-22 Sprint Communications Company L.P. Low-latency wireless data service in a fifth generation new radio (5GNR) network

Non-Patent Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Title
"3rd Generation Partnership Project; Technical Specification Group Services and System Aspects; Study on architecture enhancements for LTE support of V2X services (Release 14)", 21 July 2016 (2016-07-21), XP051138917, Retrieved from the Internet <URL:http://www.3gpp.org/ftp/tsg_sa/WG2_Arch/Latest_SA2_Specs/Latest_draft_S2_Specs/> [retrieved on 20160721] *
HUAWEI ET AL: "V2X Impacts to EPC Procedures", vol. SA WG2, no. Sanya, China; 20160829 - 20160902, 1 September 2016 (2016-09-01), XP051154944, Retrieved from the Internet <URL:http://www.3gpp.org/ftp/Meetings_3GPP_SYNC/SA2/Docs/> [retrieved on 20160901] *

Cited By (14)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US11665575B2 (en) 2018-04-28 2023-05-30 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. Communication method and communications apparatus
WO2019206314A1 (fr) * 2018-04-28 2019-10-31 华为技术有限公司 Procédé et appareil de communication
US20210120617A1 (en) * 2018-06-25 2021-04-22 Samsung Electronics Co., Ltd. Method and device for providing vehicle communication service
WO2020004899A1 (fr) * 2018-06-25 2020-01-02 삼성전자 주식회사 Procédé et dispositif de fourniture de service de communication de véhicule
US11700660B2 (en) 2018-06-25 2023-07-11 Samsung Electronics Co., Ltd. Method and device for providing vehicle communication service
EP3799500A4 (fr) * 2018-06-25 2021-08-11 Samsung Electronics Co., Ltd. Procédé et dispositif de fourniture de service de communication de véhicule
CN112335311A (zh) * 2018-06-25 2021-02-05 三星电子株式会社 提供车辆通信服务的方法和设备
US11265957B2 (en) 2018-08-01 2022-03-01 Sprint Communications Company L.P. Physical layer split in a multi-radio access technology (RAT) central unit (CU)
US10631358B1 (en) 2018-08-01 2020-04-21 Sprint Communications Company L.P. Physical layer split in a multi-radio access technology (RAT) central unit (CU)
WO2020033751A1 (fr) * 2018-08-10 2020-02-13 Intel Corporation Communication de liaison latérale sous le contrôle d'une interface uu ou d'une interface nr à lte
US11792619B2 (en) 2018-08-10 2023-10-17 Apple Inc. Sidelink communication under control of LTE UU interface or NR interface
CN110944305A (zh) * 2018-09-25 2020-03-31 普天信息技术有限公司 一种v2x双模终端的数据传输方法、4g基站及终端
CN110972316A (zh) * 2018-09-28 2020-04-07 普天信息技术有限公司 一种v2x终端的传输资源调度方法
US11284324B1 (en) 2019-07-15 2022-03-22 Sprint Communications Company L.P. Low-latency wireless data service in a fifth generation new radio (5GNR) network

Similar Documents

Publication Publication Date Title
US11632734B2 (en) Use of user equipment (UE) identifiers for registration in fifth generation (5G) systems
EP3473027B1 (fr) Fourniture de services destinés aux dispositifs de l&#39;internet des objets dans des réseaux cellulaires
US11277191B2 (en) Radio link monitoring, beam recovery and radio link failure handling
US11800407B2 (en) Flexible scope of packet filters for reflective quality of service
WO2018044358A1 (fr) Accès direct 5g assisté par lte
CN110574489A (zh) 用于无线通信的增强网络切片管理
US10979958B2 (en) Systems, methods, and apparatuses for providing and obtaining scheduling information for SIB1-BR during handover
EP4262271A2 (fr) Configuration de paramètres de réception discontinue (drx) dans une connexion de lumière
CN109691222B (zh) 用于配置轻型连接的装置
US11082901B2 (en) Signaling of support for network controlled small gap, NCSG, for interruption control
US10812169B2 (en) User equipment measurements for new radio
WO2018031345A1 (fr) Initiation de rétablissement de connexion de commande de ressources radio (rrc) à l&#39;aide de jetons de sécurité
US10785735B2 (en) Vehicle to everything synchronization reference selection and reselection
US20190373497A1 (en) Measurement gap configuration for new radio (nr) systems
WO2018144281A1 (fr) Connexion lumineuse de commande de ressources radioélectrique (rrc)
WO2018085723A1 (fr) Systèmes et procédés pour optimiser la notification de paramètres de capacité physique dans un réseau de télécommunication
WO2019032532A1 (fr) Nouvelle gestion d&#39;enregistrement radio
TW201739310A (zh) 用於針對蜂巢式物聯網裝置指示超過一個資料無線電承載體的支援之系統、方法及裝置
CN112602374B (zh) 在下一代无线接入网(ng-ran)中支持先接后断(mbb)切换的装置和方法
WO2017082955A1 (fr) Communication d&#39;ue directe améliorée
EP3646637B1 (fr) Gestion améliorée d&#39;expiration de temporisateur pour csfb mt
US20190069161A1 (en) Telephone call procedures for power efficient mobile terminating packet switched services
US20190044810A1 (en) Channel whitelist and flexible frame design for enhanced machine-type communications systems in unlicensed spectrum
US20230180075A1 (en) Handover with pscell based on trigger message
WO2018085727A1 (fr) Bidiffusion d&#39;informations à un équipement utilisateur d&#39;un réseau de télécommunication sans fil

Legal Events

Date Code Title Description
121 Ep: the epo has been informed by wipo that ep was designated in this application

Ref document number: 17722240

Country of ref document: EP

Kind code of ref document: A1

NENP Non-entry into the national phase

Ref country code: DE

122 Ep: pct application non-entry in european phase

Ref document number: 17722240

Country of ref document: EP

Kind code of ref document: A1