WO2018043740A1

WO2018043740A1 - Anti-disaster door structure

Info

Publication number: WO2018043740A1
Application number: PCT/JP2017/031783
Authority: WO
Inventors: 矢野昭彦
Original assignee: 株式会社シェルタージャパン
Priority date: 2016-09-05
Filing date: 2017-09-04
Publication date: 2018-03-08
Also published as: JPWO2018043740A1; TW201812163A; JP6344751B1; TWI644011B

Abstract

Provided is an easy-to-operate anti-disaster door structure having resistance to water, fire, and earth pressure related to tsunamis, tsunami-caused disasters, and landslides, etc. An outer door 4 and an inner door 5, which form a two-layer door, are pivotably affixed to door frame 3, fire-resistant packing is provided in ring form along the outer circumference of the rear faces of the outer door 4 and the inner door 5, and water-resistant packing is provided in parallel on the inside. Insulation material is attached to the entire inner surface of the water-tight packing. The water-tight packing and the fire-resistant packing are contained in a retaining member. A first lock device or a second lock device for affixing the outer door 4 and the door frame 3 are provided. The outer door 4, the inner door 5, and the door frame are preferably steel.

Description

Disaster prevention door structure

The present invention relates to a disaster prevention door structure that can cope with tsunamis, tsunami fires, and debris flow disasters.

In preparation for the “Nankai Trough Earthquake” that is expected to occur soon, the development of a disaster prevention door structure used for shelters for evacuation as an earthquake and tsunami countermeasure is an issue. According to an announcement by the Cabinet Office in 2013, the number of deaths due to the tsunami caused by the Nankai Trough earthquake has increased by 13 times compared to the 2003 Central Disaster Prevention Council. Of these, 70% of the deaths were caused by the tsunami. In addition, debris flow disasters caused by torrential rains that occur every year have been reported to cause damage such as the inflow of earth and sand through windows and doors that are weaker than buildings, resulting in the loss of precious lives. Therefore, it is necessary to develop a disaster prevention door structure.

Various inventions related to disaster prevention door structures are disclosed as shown in Patent Documents 1 to 3 and the like.

In Patent Document 1, when a building is deformed or cracked due to an abnormal compressive force at the time of an earthquake disaster, the frame that is attached to the front of the building and holds the door is deformed, and the door can be opened and closed. For frontage with truss structure using multiple reinforcements to minimize the situation that the frame body is bent due to overheating in the event of a fire and the door cannot be opened and closed as much as possible A disaster prevention framework is disclosed.

In Patent Literature 2, a novel door pressure contactor that can improve the soundproofing, smokeproofing, waterproofing, and the like of a door with a simple structure and low manufacturing cost and installation cost, and a door equipped with the door pressure contactor are provided. It is disclosed. Specifically, each of the locking lever and the engaging portion is provided with either a locking lever or an engaging portion provided with either a locking protrusion or a guide path. This is a door pressure fitting that presses the door plate toward the door frame by rotating the locking lever and guiding the locking projection along the guide path to the fitting point.

In Patent Document 3, in a disaster prevention door capable of closing an opening of a structure to exhibit disaster prevention performance such as fire prevention performance and soundproof performance, and a disaster prevention door closing device for closing the disaster prevention door, a user operates a handle lever. The structure which can close a disaster prevention door with airtightness without operating these etc. is disclosed. Specifically, when the door body rotates in the closing direction, the holding state of the rod is released by the trigger device and is allowed to move upward by the Gremon lock. Then, the tip of the rod is inserted into the receiving member while being guided by the taper surface and the contact surface by the biasing force of the compression coil spring. At this time, the door main body rotated around the hinge closes the opening while pressing the sealing material, so that disaster prevention performance such as fire prevention performance required for the disaster prevention door and soundproof performance are realized.

JP 2013-163962 A JP 2009-114650 A JP 2008-303690 A

However, the following disadvantages are pointed out in the conventional techniques disclosed in Patent Documents 1 to 3.

(1) Although the structure for increasing the strength of the door frame is disclosed, the strength of the entire door structure including the door is not disclosed.

(2) The structure for closing the door with high airtightness is complicated, and the cost for installation is large. In addition, since it is assumed that standard products that are mass-produced at the factory are attached, it may be difficult to attach to existing structures.

(3) The structure for closing and fixing the door is complicated, the cost for installation is high, and it may be difficult to attach to the existing structure.

(4) As described above, the structure is complicated, and since advanced technology is required for construction, the cost is high, the construction period is long, and it has not been spread to ordinary households.

In order to ensure the safety required at the time of a disaster, it is required for the door structure for disaster prevention to have all water resistance against tsunami force, fire resistance against tsunami fire, and earth pressure resistance against debris flow disasters. With the heightened awareness of disaster prevention, the need for a door structure for disaster prevention is increasing in private homes. In view of the actual situation of disasters frequently occurring in recent years, the needs are high in families with elderly people, infants, and physically handicapped.

An object of the present invention is to provide an easy-to-operate disaster prevention door structure that ensures water resistance, fire resistance, and earth pressure resistance against tsunamis, tsunami fires, and debris flow disasters.

In order to solve the above-mentioned problem, the invention according to claim 1 is a door structure for disaster prevention (hereinafter referred to as the present door structure), which has a front surface, a door having a back surface, an opening, and a door. A door frame for closing the door, a fireproof packing provided in an annular shape along the outer periphery of the door frame or the back surface of the door, a watertight packing provided in parallel inside the fireproof packing, and a fireproof packing and a watertight packing are accommodated. A holding member is provided.

According to this structure, since the fireproof packing is provided in parallel with the outside of the watertight packing provided in a ring shape along the outer periphery of the door frame or the back surface of the door according to this structure, the flame heat caused by the tsunami fire Therefore, the watertight packing can be protected. In addition, even when the shelter is flooded by a tsunami, seawater can be prevented from entering through the watertight packing. Moreover, since the fireproof packing and the watertight packing are accommodated in the holding member, the fireproof performance and the watertight performance can be maintained over a long period of time.

The invention according to claim 2 is characterized in that, in the door structure according to claim 1, the fireproof packing is a material that expands when heat is transmitted.

According to this configuration, since the fireproof packing is a material that expands when heat is transmitted, the fireproof packing expands due to fire heat and seals the gap formed between the door and the door frame. As a result, it is possible to prevent intrusion of flames, toxic gases, and the like into the shelter.

The invention according to claim 3 is characterized in that, in the door structure according to

claim

1 or 2, at least one fireproof packing is provided and a plurality of watertight packings are provided.

According to this configuration, since a plurality of watertight packings are provided, the door structure has stronger watertight performance.

The invention according to claim 4 is the main door structure according to any one of claims 1 to 3, further comprising a first lock device for fixing the door and the door frame, wherein the first lock device is a back surface of the door. A first nut screwed into a first bolt fixed to the first bolt, a spring material inserted into the first bolt and sandwiched between the door and the first nut, a substantially rectangular washer in front view, and a door frame Provided on the opening side and having a first protrusion with a through hole drilled, the washer can be rotated with the first bolt and spring material passing through the through hole when the door is closed to the door frame It is characterized by being.

According to this configuration, the washer inserted through the first bolt is in a state of being rotatably fixed to the door via the spring material. When the door is closed to the door frame, the washer penetrates the through hole and is located inside the first protrusion. When the washer is rotated by a predetermined angle (for example, 90 degrees), the washer and the first protrusion overlap each other when viewed from the front. When the first bolt is tightened in this state, the washer is restricted from moving in the door direction by the first protrusion, and presses the first protrusion. As a result, the door can be easily locked.

The invention according to claim 5 is the main door structure according to any one of claims 1 to 3, further comprising a second lock device for fixing the door and the door frame, wherein the second lock device is a door frame. A swing bar fixed to the second protrusion provided on the opening side, a second bolt screwed into a female screw formed on the swing bar, and a second nut fixed to the door And the second bolt can be screwed into the second nut when the door is closed to the door frame.

According to this configuration, the second locking device is screwed onto the swing bar fixed to the second protrusion provided on the opening side of the door frame and the female screw formed on the swing bar. A second bolt that is fixed to the swing bar and a second nut that is fixed to the door, and the second bolt can be screwed into the second nut when the door is closed to the door frame. Therefore, the door can be easily locked. For example, it is possible to easily lock the door by preparing an impact wrench in the shelter in advance and tightening the second bolt using this.

The invention according to claim 6 is the door structure according to any one of claims 1 to 5, further comprising an inner door provided to face the door with a door frame therebetween.

According to this structure, this door structure is a double door having a door and an inner door, and the door and the inner door are provided facing each other with a door frame therebetween, so that the water resistance performance compared to the single door, Fire resistance and earth pressure resistance can be improved.

The invention according to claim 7 is the door structure according to claim 6, characterized in that a heat insulating member having fire resistance is attached to the back surfaces of the door and the inner door.

According to this structure, since the heat insulation member which has fireproof performance is affixed to the back surface of the door and the inner door, the heat insulation performance can be improved, and in the internal space against high temperature caused by fire. Temperature rise can be suppressed.

1 is a schematic perspective view of a main door structure of Embodiment 1. FIG. (A) is sectional drawing of the outer door of Embodiment 1, (b) is a partial back view same as the above. (A) is sectional drawing of the fireproof packing of Embodiment 1, and watertight packing, (b) is sectional drawing which shows the state to which the door frame and the outer door adhered, (c), It is sectional drawing which shows the state which the heat-resistant packing expanded. (A) is a perspective view which shows the state by which the protrusion part is protrudingly provided by the door frame of Embodiment 1, (b) is a front view of the reinforcement board. (A) is side sectional drawing of a 1st locking device, (b) is a front view from the same inner door side. It is a component drawing of a fixed rod. It is a front view from the inner door side of the 2nd locking device of Embodiment 2. FIG. It is a front view from the inner door side which shows the state which fixed the outer door and the door frame with the 2nd locking device of Embodiment 2. FIG. FIG. (A) is the fragmentary sectional view when channel steel is used for the door frame in

Embodiment

1, 2, (b) is the fragmentary sectional view when the same H shape steel is used.

Embodiment 1 of the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS. The door structure 1 of the first embodiment is substantially rectangular along the outer door 4, the inner door 5, the door frame 3 that closes the outer door 4 and the inner door 5, and the outer peripheral portion of the back surface of the outer door 4. The fireproof packing 6 provided, the

watertight packings

5a and 5b arranged inside the fireproof packing 6, and the annular holding members 4a, b, c and d (holding members) for housing the fireproof packing 6 and the watertight packings 5a and 5b. ) And the first locking device 7.

As shown in FIGS. 1 and 4, the door frame 3 is a structure in which

frame members

31, 32, 33, and 34 are assembled in four directions, forming an opening 10, and having a rectangular outer edge shape. The outer door 4 is fixed to the outer surface (hereinafter referred to as the outer surface) of the frame member 32, and the inner door 5 is rotatably fixed to the inner surface (hereinafter referred to as the inner surface). Here, the outside means the side facing the external space at the time of installation, and the inside means the side facing the internal space at the time of installation. Further, the projecting member 70 (first projecting portion) is projected outside the central portion of the inner edge of the frame member 31. A through hole 75 is formed in the protruding member 70.

The

frame members

31, 32, 33, and 34 are rectangular cylinders, and are preferably square steel pipes (exemplarily JIS G 3466 75 mm × 75 mm). Alternatively, a rectangular reinforcing plate 3a having substantially the same shape as the frame surface may be welded and fixed to the outer and inner surfaces. The reinforcing plate 3a is exemplified by an iron plate having a thickness of 9 mm. As a result, even when a huge earthquake strikes, it can have sufficient strength. Moreover, in this embodiment, although the protrusion material 70 is provided in the frame material 31, you may provide in the reinforcement board 3a attached to an outer surface.

The outer door 4 is rotatably fixed to the outer surface of the frame member 32. The material of the outer door 4 is an iron plate, and the thickness is preferably 6 to 12 mm. In the present embodiment, a thickness of 9 mm is exemplified. By making the door frame 3 and the outer door out of steel, the earth pressure resistance of the door structure 1 can be improved.

As shown in FIG. 2, one fireproof packing 6 is provided in a substantially rectangular shape on the outer peripheral portion of the back surface of the outer door 4. In addition, two

watertight packings

5 a and 5 b are arranged in parallel inside the fireproof packing 6. A handle (not shown) is provided on the surface. Here, the back surface of the outer door 4 refers to the door surface that faces the outer surface of the door frame 3, and the front surface refers to the other door surface that does not face the outer surface of the door frame 3.

The annular holding members 4 a, b, c, and d are provided so as to protrude from the back surface of the outer door 4 in the circumferential direction. The fireproof packing 6 and the

watertight packings

5a and 5b are accommodated in three concave portions formed by the annular holding members 4a, b, c and d and the back surface of the outer door 4, respectively.

The fireproof packing 6 is obtained by winding a fiber sheet having fireproof performance. By making the fiber sheet into a rounded shape, it is a structure that enables expansion in response to a temperature rise. As a fiber sheet, aramid fiber, fluorine fiber, carbon fiber, polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) fiber, polyimide fiber, polyarylate fiber, and polyphenylene sulfide (PPS) fiber braided sheet, expanded graphite sheet, and woven fabric An example is a DuPont Tyvek (registered trademark) silver sheet in which aluminum is vapor-deposited on a fiber and a resin that prevents deterioration is coated thereon.

The behavior of the fireproof packing 6 and the

watertight packings

5a and 5b when the temperature rises due to flame heat will be described with reference to FIG.

As shown in FIG. 3A, the

watertight packings

5a and 5b are provided on the back surface of the outer door 4 so as to protrude higher than the upper ends of the fireproof packing 6 and the annular holding members 4a, b, c and d.

3B, when the outer door 4 and the door frame 3 are fixed, the

watertight packings

5a and 5b are in close contact with the outer surface of the door frame 3. As a result, the gap generated in the outer door 4 and the door frame 3 is sealed in a double state, and even if it is submerged by the tsunami, it can withstand the water pressure.

As shown in FIG. 3 (c), when the heat is transferred by the flame heat and the temperature of the fireproof packing 6 rises, the fireproof packing 6 expands. At this time, the fireproof packing 6 becomes higher than the height of the annular holding members 4c and d, and the fireproof packing 6 and the

watertight packings

5a and 5b cooperate to seal the gap generated in the outer door 4 and the door frame 3. Stop. Further, the

watertight packings

5a and 5b are protected from high heat caused by the flame. Thereby, even if a tsunami and a tsunami fire occur, intrusion of a flame can be prevented and water tightness can be secured.

A heat insulating material 8 is attached to the entire inner region of the annular holding material 4a protruding from the back surface of the outer door 4. The heat insulating material 8 is preferably a glass wool board that enhances the adhesion between the door frame 3 and the outer door 4 when the outer door 4 is closed and improves the heat insulating performance.

The inner door 5 is fixed to the inner surface of the frame member 32 so as to be rotatable. Similarly to the outer door 4, the fireproof packing 6 and the watertight packings 5 a and b are provided on the back surface of the inner door 5 and are accommodated in the annular holding members 4 a, b, c and d. A heat insulating material 8 is attached to the entire inner region of the annular holding material 4a. Since the configuration is substantially the same as that of the outer door 4, the description thereof is omitted. Here, the back surface of the inner door 5 means a door surface that faces the inner side surface of the door frame 3, and the front surface means the other door surface that does not face the inner side surface of the door frame 3.

As shown in FIG. 5, a first lock device 7 for fixing the door frame 3 and the outer door 4 is provided. The first locking device 7 includes a first bolt 71, a first nut 72, a washer 76, a spring material 77, and the like, and the head of the first bolt 71 is fixed to the back surface of the outer door 4 by welding.

The spring material 77 has a spring function and is used to press the washer 76 using its expansion and contraction force. The spring material 77 is inserted through the first bolt 71 and disposed on the back surface of the outer door 4. The washer 76 is inserted into the first bolt 71 and stacked on the spring material 77. The spring material 77 and the washer 76 are sandwiched between the first nut 72 and the outer door 4 screwed to the first bolt 71 in a state where a slight compressive force is applied to the spring material 77. That is, the washer 76 is fixed to the outer door 4 through the spring material 77 so as to be rotatable.

The protruding member 70 has a substantially rectangular through hole 75 that is slightly larger than the outer edge of the washer 76. The through hole 75 allows the washer 76 to pass through when the outer door 4 is closed, and restricts the movement of the washer 76 in the direction of the outer door 4 in a state where the washer 76 is rotated by a predetermined angle (for example, 90 degrees). Is. Therefore, the length of the long side of the washer 76 is set longer than the length of the short side of the through hole 75. Further, the washer 76 is disposed so as to be located in the inner region of the through hole 75 in a front view when the outer door 4 is closed.

When the outer door 4 is closed, the washer 76 penetrating the through hole 75 is rotated by a predetermined angle in the V direction so as to overlap with the protruding member 70 in a front view. That is, the first nut 72 can be tightened without being removed from the through hole 75. Thereafter, the outer door 4 can be fixed to the door frame 3 by tightening the first nut 72. Thereby, the fireproof packing 6 and the

watertight packings

5a and 5b cooperate to enhance the watertight performance and fireproof performance. For screwing, it is preferable to use a previously installed impact wrench. By using the electric power tool, the tightening operation can be easily performed without requiring much labor.

The inner door 5 is used in an open state during normal times, but when the inner door 5 is closed and fixed, it is preferable to use a fixing rod 9 that supports the inner door 5. As shown in FIG. 6, the fixing rod 9 has a wall pressing plate 92 fixed to one end of a rod body portion 91 having both ends, and a door pressing plate 94 fixed to the other end via a jack 93. It is a structure.

The wall pressing plate 92 is set on the wall surface facing the inner door 5, the door pressing plate 94 is set on the surface of the inner door 5, and the jack 93 is operated to press the wall surface and the surface of the inner door 5. Thereby, the inner door 5 can be fixed to the door frame 3.

It is usually placed indoors at a predetermined place, and when used, the inner door 5 is supported from the indoor side with the inner door 5 closed. The fixing bar 9 can be attached to a lifting unit on the ceiling and lowered to be used during evacuation.

When the inner door 5 is fixed in the closed state, the inner door 5 is pressed by the fixing rod 9, so that it is preferable that there is no extra door knob or the like.

The door structure 201 of the second embodiment will be described with reference to FIGS. Since the second embodiment is basically the same as the first embodiment, the illustration and description are incorporated with the part number as the 200th series, and the differences will be mainly described.

The door structure 201 includes the same door frame, outer door, and inner door as in the first embodiment. The door frame is provided with a protruding member 270 (second protruding portion) similar to that of the first embodiment. Further, the outer door and the rear surface of the inner door are provided with the same fireproof packing, watertight packing, annular holding material, and heat insulating member as in the first embodiment.

The second locking device 207 includes a projecting member 270, a pedestal 275, a shaft body bolt 274, a swing bar 273, a second bolt 271, and a second nut 272.

A pedestal 275 in which a female screw is formed is provided on the back surface of the protruding member 270 (the other surface not facing the outer door 204). A shaft bolt 274 for pivotally supporting the swing bar 273 is screwed to the base 275. A swing stopper 276 for restricting the rotation of the swing bar 273 protrudes from the upper end of the base 275.

An internal thread is formed at the end of the swing bar 273, and the second bolt 271 is screwed into the end. A second nut 272 that can be screwed onto the second bolt 271 is fixed to the back surface of the outer door 204.

As shown in FIG. 7, when the outer door 204 and the door frame 203 are not fixed by the second locking device 207, the swing bar 273 that is pivotally supported by the shaft body bolt 274 is in a suspended state.

When an earthquake occurs and the occurrence of a tsunami and tsunami fire is predicted, the user immediately enters the evacuation space, and the outer door 204 and the door frame 203 are fixed.

A procedure for fixing the outer door 204 and the door frame 203 will be described. The swing bar 273 is rotated so that the second bolt 271 is positioned immediately above the second nut 272 in plan view. The tip of the second bolt 271 is inserted into the hole in which the female screw of the second nut 272 is formed. By rotating the second bolt 271, the second bolt 271 is screwed to the second nut 272. Thereby, the outer door 204 and the door frame 203 are fixed. For the screwing operation, it is preferable to use an impact wrench provided in advance. By using the electric power tool, the screwing operation can be easily performed without requiring much labor. Further, it is preferable that the position of the second bolt 271 when the rotation is stopped by the swing stopper 276 is set to be a position immediately above the second nut 272. Thereby, screwing with the 2nd nut 272 becomes easy.

The inner door 205 and the door frame 203 are fixed in the same manner as in the first embodiment.

The above embodiments are examples of preferred embodiments for carrying out the present invention. The present invention is not limited to the above embodiments, and it goes without saying that even if various modifications are made without departing from the spirit of the invention, they belong to the technical scope of the present invention.

For example, the

door frames

3 and 203 have a structure in which square steel pipes are assembled in four directions. However, as shown in FIG. , 210 may be assembled in four directions. Moreover, as shown in FIG.11 (b), it is good also considering a H-shaped steel material as a frame material. Further, these may be used in combination on all sides. At this time, the first protrusion and the second protrusion are preferably flanges 35, 37, 235, and 237 located on the outer door 4, 204 side.

Although this door structure 1,201 demonstrated the example applied to the hinged door, of course, it can apply also to a sliding door.

It can provide a safe and secure disaster prevention door structure against tsunami, fire, tornado, earth and sand disasters, etc. Especially in coastal areas, its industrial utility value is great.

1, 201: Door structure 3, 203: Door frame 3a: Reinforcing plate 4, 204: Outer door 4a, b, c, d: Ring retaining material 5, 205: Inner door 5a, b: Watertight packing 6: Fireproof packing 7 : First locking device 8: Heat insulating material 9: Fixing rod 10:

Openings

31, 32, 33, 34: Frame material 70: Protruding material (first protruding portion)
71: 1st bolt 72: 1st nut 75: Through hole 76: Washer 77: Spring material 91: Rod part 92: Wall pressing plate 93: Jack 94: Door pressing plate 207: 2nd locking device 270: Protrusion material ( (Second protrusion)
271: Second bolt 272: Second nut 273: Swing bar 274: Shaft bolt 275: Base 276: Swing stoppers 35, 37: Flange (first protrusion)
235, 237: Flange (second protrusion)

Claims

A door having a front surface and a back surface;
A door frame that forms an opening and closes the door;
A fireproof packing provided annularly along the outer periphery of the door frame or the back surface;
A watertight packing arranged inside the fireproof packing;
A holding member for accommodating the fireproof packing and the watertight packing;
The door structure for disaster prevention characterized by comprising.
The fire prevention packing structure according to claim 1, wherein the fireproof packing is a material that expands when heat is transmitted.
The disaster prevention door structure according to claim 1 or 2, wherein at least one fireproof packing is provided and a plurality of the watertight packings are provided.
A first locking device for fixing the door and the door frame;
The first locking device includes a first nut screwed into a first bolt fixed to the back surface of the door;
A spring material inserted into the first bolt and sandwiched between the door and the first nut, and a washer having a substantially rectangular shape in front view;
A first protrusion provided on the opening side of the door frame and having a through-hole drilled therein;
Have
The said washer is rotatable in the state which the said 1st volt | bolt and the said spring material penetrated to the said through-hole, when the said door is closed to the said door frame. The door structure for disaster prevention according to item 1.
A second locking device for fixing the door and the door frame;
The second locking device includes a swing bar that is rotatably fixed to a second protrusion provided on the opening side of the door frame,
A second bolt screwed into a female screw formed on the swing bar;
A second nut fixed to the door;
4. The disaster prevention door structure according to claim 1, wherein the second bolt can be screwed onto the second nut when the door is closed to the door frame. 5.
The disaster prevention door structure according to any one of claims 1 to 5, further comprising an inner door provided to face the door with the door frame interposed therebetween.
The door structure for disaster prevention according to claim 6, wherein a heat insulating member having fire resistance is attached to the back surface of the door and the inner door.