WO2018040951A1 - 一种可控光的导光体以及制成的照明发射器 - Google Patents

一种可控光的导光体以及制成的照明发射器 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2018040951A1
WO2018040951A1 PCT/CN2017/098015 CN2017098015W WO2018040951A1 WO 2018040951 A1 WO2018040951 A1 WO 2018040951A1 CN 2017098015 W CN2017098015 W CN 2017098015W WO 2018040951 A1 WO2018040951 A1 WO 2018040951A1
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WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
light
axis
light source
light guide
vertex
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PCT/CN2017/098015
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
周怡宗
潘晓磊
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上海坤雪光电科技有限公司
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Publication of WO2018040951A1 publication Critical patent/WO2018040951A1/zh

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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F21—LIGHTING
    • F21K—NON-ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES USING LUMINESCENCE; LIGHT SOURCES USING ELECTROCHEMILUMINESCENCE; LIGHT SOURCES USING CHARGES OF COMBUSTIBLE MATERIAL; LIGHT SOURCES USING SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES AS LIGHT-GENERATING ELEMENTS; LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F21K9/00—Light sources using semiconductor devices as light-generating elements, e.g. using light-emitting diodes [LED] or lasers
    • F21K9/60—Optical arrangements integrated in the light source, e.g. for improving the colour rendering index or the light extraction
    • F21K9/61—Optical arrangements integrated in the light source, e.g. for improving the colour rendering index or the light extraction using light guides
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F21—LIGHTING
    • F21K—NON-ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES USING LUMINESCENCE; LIGHT SOURCES USING ELECTROCHEMILUMINESCENCE; LIGHT SOURCES USING CHARGES OF COMBUSTIBLE MATERIAL; LIGHT SOURCES USING SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES AS LIGHT-GENERATING ELEMENTS; LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F21K9/00—Light sources using semiconductor devices as light-generating elements, e.g. using light-emitting diodes [LED] or lasers
    • F21K9/60—Optical arrangements integrated in the light source, e.g. for improving the colour rendering index or the light extraction
    • F21K9/68—Details of reflectors forming part of the light source
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F21—LIGHTING
    • F21K—NON-ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES USING LUMINESCENCE; LIGHT SOURCES USING ELECTROCHEMILUMINESCENCE; LIGHT SOURCES USING CHARGES OF COMBUSTIBLE MATERIAL; LIGHT SOURCES USING SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES AS LIGHT-GENERATING ELEMENTS; LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F21K9/00—Light sources using semiconductor devices as light-generating elements, e.g. using light-emitting diodes [LED] or lasers
    • F21K9/60—Optical arrangements integrated in the light source, e.g. for improving the colour rendering index or the light extraction
    • F21K9/69—Details of refractors forming part of the light source
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F21—LIGHTING
    • F21V—FUNCTIONAL FEATURES OR DETAILS OF LIGHTING DEVICES OR SYSTEMS THEREOF; STRUCTURAL COMBINATIONS OF LIGHTING DEVICES WITH OTHER ARTICLES, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F21V5/00—Refractors for light sources
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F21—LIGHTING
    • F21V—FUNCTIONAL FEATURES OR DETAILS OF LIGHTING DEVICES OR SYSTEMS THEREOF; STRUCTURAL COMBINATIONS OF LIGHTING DEVICES WITH OTHER ARTICLES, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F21V7/00—Reflectors for light sources
    • F21V7/04—Optical design
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F21—LIGHTING
    • F21V—FUNCTIONAL FEATURES OR DETAILS OF LIGHTING DEVICES OR SYSTEMS THEREOF; STRUCTURAL COMBINATIONS OF LIGHTING DEVICES WITH OTHER ARTICLES, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F21V2200/00—Use of light guides, e.g. fibre optic devices, in lighting devices or systems

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a light control body with controllable light and an illumination emitter made therefrom.
  • Lighting equipment is a necessary equipment in human life. Humans directly illuminate with flames from the beginning, and then use flammable materials to make kerosene lamps and the like as lighting equipment. With the innovation of technology and the progress of civilization, some traditional lighting equipments such as incandescent lamps, fluorescent lamps and halogen lamps have emerged. These traditional lighting devices bring high energy consumption and high pollution. With the renewed innovation in lighting technology, a new type of solid-state lighting LED has emerged.
  • LEDs are gradually being widely used by people because of their energy saving, long life and no pollution.
  • how to use LED patches or chips is a difficult problem.
  • Light-emitting diodes have outstanding advantages, but also have the disadvantages of high brightness, difficulty in heat dissipation, excessive blue light, narrow illumination opening angle, etc., which cause existing LED lighting devices to have more or less defects, such as some LED lighting devices.
  • Only the LED chip array is arrayed to a flat surface, and the user feels strong multi-point glare. To prevent the glare generated by the array, a layer of a light-diffusing plate or a diffusing plate is added in front of the LED chip, and the glare problem is solved.
  • the efficiency of adding a light-diffusing plate or a diffusing plate is reduced by 30% to 40% or more; another light-emitting diode lighting device places the light-emitting diode patch on the periphery of the device to send light from one side through the intermediate light guiding body and the reflective layer.
  • another light-emitting diode lighting device places the light-emitting diode patch on the periphery of the device to send light from one side through the intermediate light guiding body and the reflective layer.
  • the use of the light guide body can avoid the glare of the light-emitting diode and form a uniform illumination surface, the diffuse reflection formed by the light guide body greatly reduces the efficiency of the illumination device and can not form auxiliary ambient light on the back surface of the illumination device, due to the present The lighting design alone cannot be integrated into the building.
  • the existing convergent LED lighting devices are basically single or several relatively high-power LED arrays combined with optical lenses for convergence, but the result is a single or A few high-power LEDs are difficult to dissipate heat, which directly affects the light decay and color drift of the LEDs, and gives an uncomfortable visual effect.
  • LED is a brand-new light source.
  • Traditional lighting technology or traditional optical design can not play the role of LED. It needs a new optical system to achieve safe, healthy, efficient and comfortable lighting. Lighting equipment is available. Bringing light should not increase the burden on the human eye and the environment.
  • the invention uses a new optical waveguide to directionally diffuse or converge the light guide body and compact and reasonable mechanical structure and light-emitting diode to form a brand-new, safe and healthy one. Efficient, comfortable and beautiful lighting transmitters can be used in a variety of occasions to meet a variety of lighting needs.
  • an object of the present invention is to provide a high-density light source that is more efficient, softer to emit light, and to provide a more comfortable and natural lighting environment for the user, and to prevent glare and efficient use in a light guide body.
  • a surface light source, a controllable light angle illumination, and a photoconductor capable of generating a high proportion of illumination while assisting ambient light on the other side, while using the light guide body for different purposes, different styles of illumination transmitter equipment .
  • the invention discloses a light control body with controllable light, comprising: a light source incident surface comprising an upper vertex and a lower vertex, wherein the light source incident surface forms a Y-axis of a coordinate system, and the X-axis of the coordinate system passes An upper vertex of the light source entrance surface and perpendicular to the Y axis; an upper side, starting from the upper vertex, comprising a plurality of reflective units, the reflective unit comprising a reflective surface and a backlight surface, and reflections of adjacent two reflective units and a backlight side faces meet at a first vertex Q n, the number of first vertex Q n lower reflecting unit are located on an arcuate path, said arcuate path constituting an upper circumference of the apex of the center of the circle are Located on the Y-axis; the lower side includes a plurality of light control units; wherein the upper and lower sides intersect after extending from the incident surface of the light source, and coordinates of the first lower vertex Q
  • the parabolic coefficient d is obtained by taking the coordinates of the first lower vertex Q n into the equation (2); wherein the focus F is located on the Y axis, -8 mm ⁇ F ⁇ -1 mm; wherein the light source
  • the total reflection angle A of the incident surface must satisfy:
  • the backlight surface is at an angle of 5° to 70° with respect to the Y axis.
  • the invention further discloses a light control body with controllable light, wherein the light guide body further comprises: a light concentrating surface disposed at an intersection of the upper and lower side surfaces extending from the incident surface of the light source, The bottom of the homogenous surface includes a uniform surface.
  • the invention further discloses a light control body with controllable light, wherein the light control unit further comprises: an exit surface and a beam transition surface, and the exit surface of the adjacent two light control units and the beam transition surface intersect The second lower vertex is located on a line connecting the bottom surface of the uniform light surface and the first lower vertex of the reflective unit; wherein an angle between the beam transition surface and the Y axis of 5 ° ⁇ 30 °, the exit surface and the angle between the Y axis V n satisfies:
  • n is a natural number
  • the Q n (x) and Q 1 (x) are the X-axis coordinates of the first and last vertices of the first and last vertices; and the interval b of the adjacent first lower vertices on the X-axis is 1mm ⁇ 4mm.
  • the invention further discloses a light guide body with controllable light, characterized in that the light guide body is provided with a concave platform having a length and a width of 1 to 4 mm near the bottom of the incident surface of the light source.
  • the invention further discloses a light control body with controllable light, wherein the material of the light homogenizing surface comprises a frosted surface or a cloth particle surface, and the width or diameter thereof increases with the total width or outer diameter of the light guiding body. Large and enlarged, the thickness is 1 to 4 mm.
  • the invention further discloses a light control body with controllable light, characterized in that the light guide body comprises polymethyl methacrylate, polystyrene or polycarbonate transparent material.
  • the invention also discloses an illumination emitter made according to any one of the above light guide bodies, characterized in that the emitter further comprises: a light source component disposed on a side of the light source incident surface, the focus F a central axis of the light source assembly; a light source cavity that houses the light source assembly, including an upper frame and a lower frame; and an auxiliary ambient light projection plate adjacent to the upper frame and extending along the X-axis direction Above the light guide.
  • the present invention further discloses an illumination emitter, wherein a first boss is disposed inside the lower frame, and a height of the first protrusion is consistent with a depth of the light guide recess, the upper frame and The lower frame is connected by a fastener; the bottom edge of the upper frame is provided with a second boss, and the auxiliary ambient light projection plate is disposed on the second boss.
  • the invention further discloses an illumination emitter, characterized in that the material of the upper frame and the lower frame comprises an aluminum alloy.
  • the invention further discloses an illumination emitter, characterized in that the material of the auxiliary ambient light projection plate comprises polycarbonate, plastic or glass, one side of which is engraved with frosted dots or frosted stripes or coated with reflective stripes.
  • the illumination emitter body of the present invention is a controllable light guide body, which utilizes the principle of total reflection and refraction, and provides a light guide body matched with a point source or a line source (light emitting diode/COB/laser).
  • a plurality of light beams emitted from the strong light source disposed around the light guide body are conducted inside the light guide medium, and the light beam is totally reflected on the surface of the reflective unit preset on the upper side of the light guide body and weakens the decomposition.
  • the light simultaneously forms a set of wide parallel beams to guide the light guide unit of the light-control unit on the lower side of the light body to illuminate the light guide body and then illuminate.
  • Figure 1a is a cross-sectional view of a first preferred embodiment of two illumination emitters made of a controllable light guide of the present invention
  • Figure 1b is a cross-sectional view showing a second preferred embodiment of two illumination emitters made of the controllable light guide of the present invention
  • 2a, 2b show a cross-sectional view of a typical controllable light guide body
  • Figure 2c shows a design embodiment of a controllable light guide of the present invention
  • Figure 3a shows an exploded perspective view of a circular illumination transmitter made of a circular controllable light guide
  • Figure 3b shows a cross-sectional view of a circular illumination emitter made of a circular controllable light guide
  • Figures 4a, 4b, 4c, 4d show optical path diagrams of four typical controllable light guides
  • Figure 4e is a partial enlarged view of Figure 4b;
  • Figure 5 shows a sector-shaped illumination emitter made of a fan-shaped controllable light guide
  • Figure 6 shows an annular illumination emitter made of an annular controllable light guide
  • Figure 7 shows a plate-shaped illumination emitter made of a single-sided strip-shaped controllable light guide
  • Figure 8 shows a plate-shaped illumination emitter made of an inwardly directed double-sided strip-shaped controllable light guide
  • Figure 9 shows a plate-shaped illumination emitter made of an outwardly directed double-sided strip-shaped controllable light guide
  • Figure 10 shows an annular hanging illumination emitter made of an annular controllable light guide
  • Figure 11 shows a tabletop illumination emitter made of a circular controllable light guide
  • Figures 12a, 12b respectively show a three-way illumination emitter made of a controllable light guide made in conjunction with a building.
  • Figures 1a and 1b respectively show cross-sectional views of two specific embodiments of illumination emitters made of two controllable light guides of identical construction with only different parameters. (Only the radius of the curved track R is different from the value of the reflecting surface.)
  • the illuminator emitter comprises a light source cavity 25 and an LED assembly 2 disposed in the light source cavity 25 .
  • the light source cavity 25 is surrounded by an upper aluminum alloy frame 32 and a lower aluminum alloy frame 31 . Set the composition.
  • the upper aluminum alloy frame 32 includes a second boss 321 having a lower edge of the inner ring of 0.5 mm to 1 mm, and the bottom edge of the lower aluminum alloy frame 31 is provided with a first boss 311 having a length and a width of 1 mm to 4 mm, and is disposed in the light source cavity.
  • the outer aluminum alloy frame surface 33 is used as a heat dissipating surface.
  • a light guide body 1 of the illumination emitter is disposed at an open end of the light source cavity 25, and a light source incident surface 11 of the light guide body 1 is embedded in an open end of the light source cavity 25, and an upper aluminum alloy frame of the light source cavity 25 32 is attached to the upper portion of the light source incident surface 11 of the light guide body 1.
  • An auxiliary ambient light projection plate 5 is disposed along the upper portion of the light guide body 1 and in the direction parallel to the X-axis and adjacent to the light guide body of the upper aluminum alloy frame 32.
  • the light source cavity 25 and the light source incident surface 11 of the light guide body 1 enclose a cavity, and the light emitting diode assembly 2 is mounted in the cavity.
  • the light guide body 1 is the structural body of the illumination emitter of the present invention, and functions to conduct a light beam, decompose the intensity of the light beam of the light emitting diode, and control the light beam to exit.
  • the light guide body 1 is provided with a concave table 111 having a length and a width of 1 mm to 4 mm near the bottom of the light source incident surface 11, and the light source incident surface 11 faces the light emitting diode assembly 2, and the depth of the concave table 111 at the bottom of the light guide body 1 is
  • the heights of the bottom first lands 311 of the lower aluminum alloy frame 31 are the same, and the two are just fitted to prevent the light-emitting diode assembly 2 from leaking light.
  • the light guide body 1 includes an upper side and a lower side.
  • the upper side is formed by a combination of a plurality of reflecting units 13
  • the lower side is composed of a plurality of light control units 15 .
  • the upper and lower sides are both started from the upper and lower ends of the light source incident surface 11 , and the upper and lower sides are respectively two.
  • the segments are arcuate in shape and asymptotically intersect at the ends to form a relatively flat uniform surface 14.
  • a plurality of light control units 15 on the lower side of the light guide body 1 include a beam exit surface 151 and a beam transition surface 152, wherein the beam exit surface 151 and the beam transition surface 152 intersect to form a second lower vertex 153.
  • the upper side of the light guide 1 is analyzed.
  • the light source incident surface 11 is in the Y-axis direction
  • the auxiliary ambient light projection plate 5 is in the X-axis direction
  • the auxiliary ambient light projection plate 5 is parallel to the X-axis, and the light source incident surface 11
  • the upper vertex is on the X axis
  • the Y axis intersects the X axis at the point P of the dome
  • the reflection unit 13 on the upper side of the light guide 1 includes a backlight surface 132 and a reflection surface 131, and the backlight surface 132 and the reflection
  • the lower vertices where the faces 131 intersect are all on an arcuate trajectory of radius R. Referring to Figure 2a, there is shown a typical cross section of a light control body 1 of controllable light, not the only control
  • the reflecting surface 131 of the light guiding body 1 is constituted by an arc-shaped trajectory having a radius R, the center RO of the curved trajectory is a point on the Y-axis, and the circle having the radius R is tangent to the X-axis at the point P of the dome point, and the radius R (PRO)>20 mm, the distance between the focal point F of the light source incident surface 11 and the point of the dome point P is 3 mm, and the concave portion 111 having a length of 1 mm to 4 mm is provided at the bottom of the light source incident surface 11, and the reflecting surface 131 of the reflecting unit 13 is formed.
  • the reflective surface, the backlight surface 132 intersects the reflective surface 131 to form a geometry as shown in Figure 4e.
  • the reflecting unit 13 composed of the reflecting surface 131 and the backlight surface 132 can cause the light beam to decompose the beam intensity at the reflecting surface 131 of each reflecting unit 13 while maintaining the high reflectance of the beam, and the reflected beam is directed to the parallel light.
  • the light unit 15 and each of the reflecting units 13 are arranged in an array, and the reflecting unit 13 is sequentially arranged from the light source incident surface 11 to the end line or the center line, and the backlight surface 132 of the nth reflecting unit and the reflecting surface 131 intersect at the first bottom.
  • the vertex Q n , the first lower vertex Q n is on a circular arc track having a radius R, and the larger the value of the curved track having the radius R is, the thinner the total thickness of the light guide body 1 is, the circular arc shape
  • the center RO of the circle where the first lower vertex Q 1 and Q 2 of the adjacent two reflecting units and the radius R of the curved track are located at an angle ⁇ 1 , ⁇ 1 is called a base angle, and the subsequent adjacent reflecting unit The next vertex Q n will form the corresponding ⁇ angle, and the base angle ⁇ 1 will increase in ⁇ , ⁇
  • the initial reflection unit is multiplied by the light expansion coefficient ⁇ to optimize the beam decomposition and visual effect of the light guide body 1 , 0.2° ⁇ ⁇ 1 ⁇ 5°, and the smaller the base angle ⁇ 1 is , the more the reflection unit of the light guide 1 is.
  • the number of beam decomposition is more, and the visual effect is softer.
  • the larger the base angle ⁇ 1 is the thinner the reflection unit arrangement is, and the visual effect is rough.
  • the light-expanding coefficient of the transmitting unit satisfies: 1.01 ⁇ 1.1
  • the smaller the value of the light-expanding coefficient ⁇ of the reflecting unit is the reflection unit changes in a weak manner, the external brightening effect is more obvious, and the value of the light-emitting coefficient ⁇ of the reflecting unit is larger.
  • the reflection unit changes greatly in turn, and the brightening effect in the outer dark is more obvious.
  • the lower vertices Q 2 and Q 3 of the adjacent two-two reflecting units form ⁇ 2
  • the base angle ⁇ 1 ⁇ ⁇ 2
  • the total length of the miniaturized reflecting unit cannot be too long, and the base angles of all the reflecting units are added ⁇ n ⁇ 40°, by the formula:
  • the reflecting surface 131 of the reflecting unit 13 is a segment on the parabola.
  • the center of the LED assembly 2 is the focal point F. After the beam of the focus F is totally reflected, a mutually parallel beam is totally reflected on each reflecting surface.
  • the reflecting surface 131 is an independent surface, and the focal point F is a reference passing formula:
  • a in FIG. 2a is the total reflection angle of the light, that is, the angle formed by the total reflection of the light on the reflection surface 131 of the reflection unit 13 and the Y-axis, and the Y-axis according to the total reflection angle of the light A Rotate to form the Y' axis, such that the Y axis and the Y' axis are at an angle A:
  • the backlight surface 132 is a smooth surface, except that the beam transition surface connected to the reflection surface 131 is at an angle of 5° to 70° with respect to the Y axis, and the backlight surface 132 connected to the lower vertex Q 1 of the reflection unit intersects the first lower vertex Q z .
  • the parabola forms the reflecting unit 13, and the reflecting surface 131 of the reflecting unit 13 farthest from the point F of the light source intersects the uniform surface 14, and the uniform surface 14 is an extended section of the textured geometric area, when the diameter of the entire illumination emitter or When the width is greater than the sum of the arrangement lengths of the reflection units 13, the uniform surface 14 complements the surface thereof, and the surface of the uniform surface 14 is a frosted surface or a cloth particle surface, and a diffuse reflection is formed when a weak beam hits the uniform surface 14.
  • the fill-in area visually illuminates the light-emitting surface of the emitter without dark areas due to excessive size.
  • the light control unit 15 on the lower side corresponding to the reflection unit 13 includes a beam exit surface 151 and a beam transition surface 152, and intersects the beam exit surface 151 and the beam transition surface 152 at the light control unit 15
  • the second lower vertex 153 has a beam exit surface 151 which is a smooth surface.
  • C 1 plane exit surface 151 nearest the beam from the center or end, C 2 surface near light source incident surface 11 is proximate C 1 surface after the The exit surface 151, and so on, the beam exit surface 151 closest to the light source incident surface 11 is C n , and the C 1 and the Y axis are opposite to each other through the parallel line of the second lower vertex 153 of the corresponding light control unit 15 at an angle V 1 , C 2 and The Y-axis is opposite to the parallel line of the second lower vertex 153 of the corresponding light control unit 15 at an angle V 2 and so on.
  • V n is the angle at which the beam exit surface 151 closest to the light source incident surface 11 is perpendicular to the vertical line
  • V1 is the angle at which the beam exit surface 151 closest to the central axis or end line is perpendicular to the line.
  • Example 2 When V n is at an angle of 150°, V 1 is at an angle of 90°, and V n is V20.
  • n is a natural number
  • Q n (x) and Q 1 (x) are the X-axis coordinates of the first and second lower vertices of the first and last tails.
  • the lateral span b of the light control unit 15 is 1 mm to 4 mm
  • the beam transition surface 152 is a smooth surface, and is at an angle of 5 to 30 with the Y axis, so that the beam exit surface 151 is connected one by one.
  • All of the second lower vertices 153 intersecting the beam exit surface 151 and the beam transition surface 152 are on a straight or curved trajectory where the bottom of the light source entrance surface 11 is connected to the bottom surface 141 of the uniform surface.
  • the light source incident surface 11 is a flat surface, and is located on at least one side surface or outer ring of the light guide body 1.
  • the bottom portion thereof is provided with a recessed table 111 having a height and a width of 1 mm to 4 mm.
  • the upper frame 31, the lower frame 32 and the surface of the frame are made of aluminum alloy, and other materials may be used to surround the technical idea.
  • the starting angle of the reflecting unit ⁇ 5°
  • the total reflection angle A of the light incident on the light source surface satisfies:
  • the reflective unit backlight surface 132 is at an angle of 30° to the Y-axis.
  • the light control unit beam transition surface 152 is at an angle of 20° to the Y axis.
  • the uniform surface thickness is 3mm.
  • Step one calculate the reflection unit as follows:
  • the coordinate of the first first lower vertex Q 1 of the reflection unit is (-6.97, -0.3).
  • the second first vertex Q 2 coordinate of the reflection unit is (-9.75, -0.6).
  • the third first lower vertex Q 3 coordinate of the reflection unit is (-12.79, -1.03).
  • the obtained d value is the corresponding parabolic coefficient, which is substituted into formula (6) to form a corresponding parabolic equation, and then plotted to obtain n parabolic equations PW 1 ,...PW n :
  • Step two next, reveal the formation process of the light control unit.
  • the trajectory of the immersed surface 141 connected to the lower vertex of the light source incident surface 11 intersects with 12 bisectors of the first lower vertices Q 1 to Q 11 in the X-axis direction, forming a second lower vertex 153 of the light control unit 15
  • the apex of the light unit 15 starts from the vertical bisector and is represented by the Y-axis.
  • the line of the angle intersects the beam transition surface 152 of the light control unit to form a complete light control unit 15.
  • Figures 3a, 3b show an exploded schematic view of a circular illumination emitter made of a controllable light guide, and a combined cross-sectional view.
  • 3a is an exploded perspective view of the circular illumination transmitter of the controllable light guide of the present invention.
  • the light guide body 1 of the present invention and the lower aluminum alloy frame 31 are first integrally assembled by the recessed table 111 or the second boss 321 , and the diode assembly 2 is annularly wound into the lower aluminum alloy frame 31 .
  • the inner wall of the lower aluminum alloy frame 31 is closely attached, and the auxiliary ambient light projection plate 5 is embedded in the corresponding circular hole of the upper aluminum alloy frame 32, and then the lower aluminum alloy frame 31 with the controllable light guiding body 1 and the light emitting diode assembly 2 is attached. It is combined with the upper aluminum alloy frame 32 embedded with the auxiliary ambient light projection plate 5, and is fastened and fixed by a plurality of mounting fasteners 8.
  • the plastic decorative member 4 is mounted on the upper ring of the upper aluminum alloy frame 32 to block the tightness.
  • Firmware 8 is complete.
  • 3b shows a cross-sectional view of a circular illumination emitter made of a controllable light guide body, wherein the light source entrance surface 11 is a smooth surface, at least one side or outer ring of the light guide body 1, the light source is emitted.
  • the bottom of the entrance surface 11 is provided with a recessed table 111 having a height and a width of 1 mm to 4 mm, and a lower aluminum
  • the first protrusions 311 of the inner bottom of the alloy frame 31 are engaged with each other to form a light source cavity 25, and the light emitting diode assembly 2 is disposed in the light source cavity 25.
  • the light emitting diode assembly 2 is equidistant from a plurality of light emitting diode patches or chips.
  • the circuit board is single-sided or double-sided, and its thickness is 0.2 mm to 0.4 mm.
  • One side is the light source surface and the other side is the heat dissipation surface.
  • the rear surface of the LED assembly 2 is closely attached to the lower aluminum.
  • the lower part of the inner side of the alloy frame 31 is in full contact with each other.
  • the heat is transmitted to the circuit board through the soldering legs of the LED assembly 2, and then transmitted from the back surface of the circuit board to the upper and lower aluminum alloy frames 32, 31, and is convectively radiated by the external surface of the aluminum alloy frame 33, and a series of transmitted light emitting diodes
  • the rapid dissipation of heat can solve the problem of light decay and color drift.
  • the aluminum alloy frame 31 is connected, and the bottom side of the upper aluminum alloy frame 32 is provided with a second protrusion 321 of 0.5 mm to 1 mm, and the upper plane and the middle inner side are tightly fixed to fix the auxiliary ambient light projection plate 5, and the ambient light projection plate 5 Made of polycarbonate or glass, the outer side of the upper aluminum alloy frame 32 cooperates with the plastic trim 4 to mask the fasteners 8 to maintain a good appearance and overall feel of the illumination emitter.
  • 4a to 4d show four typical optical path diagrams of the angle Ln of the light beam L at the beam exit surface 151 of the four light control units 15 at different angle parameters.
  • the light beam emitted by the LED assembly 2 enters the light source entrance surface 11.
  • the five beams L 11 , L 12 , L 13 , L 14 , L 15 are respectively injected as shown in FIG. 4a.
  • the four controllable light guiding bodies in which 4b, 4c, and 4d are located are totally reflected on the reflecting surface 131 of the reflecting unit 13 of the light guiding body 1, in the light beams L 11 , L 12 , L 13 , L 14 , L 15 by total reflection, forming 5 pairs of parallel light directed to the light control unit, while the parallel light L 11 , L 12 , L 13 , L 14 , L 15 and the Y axis are at an angle A,
  • the angles V 1 to V n are both It is found that the light beams L 41 , L 42 , L 43 , L 44 , L 45 and the light beam exit surface 151 are perpendicular to the normal line at 45°, and are directly transmitted out of the light beam exit surface 151.
  • Figure 4d shows a section when the control light beam exit surface an angle of 15 V 151 1 to V n are not the same angle, the light beam may be L 51, L 52, L 53 , L 54, L 55 divergent.
  • FIG. 5 to 11 show partial cross-sectional views of an embodiment of an emission end of an illumination emitter made on the basis of a light-guiding light guide 1, wherein Figures 5, 6 illustrate partial cross-sectional views of the emission end of the circular shape.
  • Figure 7 illustrates a partial cross-sectional view of the single-sided plate-shaped emitting end, and
  • Figures 8, 9 illustrate embodiments of the inwardly-facing double-sided plate-shaped and outward-facing double-sided plate-shaped illumination emitter transmitting ends, respectively. Based on the emitters of these illumination emitters, illumination emitters of different uses and styles can be extended.
  • 10 is a schematic structural view of a hanging circular ring-shaped illumination emitter fabricated by using a circular light guide. All of the differences between Figures 5 to 11 are only in appearance.
  • the transmitter includes: a transmitter base 7, a suspension line 71, a control module 72, a driving power source 73, cables 74 and 75, and a remote controller 76.
  • the control module 72 and the driving power source 73 are both disposed at Inside the transmitter base 7, the cable 74 outputted by the driving power source 73 is connected to the inside of the circular illumination diffusing transmitter connected through the hanging wire 71, and the external remote controller 76 can remotely control the internal control module 72 of the transmitter base.
  • the lighting device is turned off, its internal control module 72 controls the brightness of the illumination transmitter in 1 second to 2 seconds, and the brightness is from 100% to 0%, so that the human eye will have a short adaptation to make the human eye more comfortable.
  • Figure 11 is a tabletop illumination emitter made with a circular controllable light guide.
  • the utility model comprises: a transmitter base 7, a driving power source 73, cables 74 and 75, wherein the driving power source 73 is disposed inside the transmitter base 7, and the circular arc diffusion diffusing device connected to the cable 74 outputted by the driving power source 73 is internally connected and powered. .
  • Figures 12a and 12b are schematic views of a lighting device made of a light guide of the present invention in combination with a building.
  • Such lighting devices include an illumination transmitter 1, a building structure 81, a mounting frame 84, a solar panel 83, a battery 82, an inner tempered glass 85, and an outer tempered glass 86.
  • the illumination emitter is wrapped in the mounting frame 84.
  • the inner and outer sides of the mounting frame 84 are transparent tempered glass 10 mm to 20 mm thick, and the solar panel 83 is exposed to the outside.
  • sunlight or natural light passes through the outer tempered glass of the mounting frame 84.
  • 86 through the illumination emitter, finally transmits light to the interior of the building through the inner tempered glass 85 of the mounting frame 84.
  • the natural light passes through the natural light of the illumination device, and the sunlight is irradiated on the outer solar panel 83, and the energy generated during the day is stored in the battery 82. Then, when the night illumination transmitter starts to operate by the battery 82, the light beam L51 emitted by the light guide 1 is illuminated to the inside of the building through the tempered glass 85 inside the mounting frame 84, and the light beam emitted from the outside of the mounting frame 84 to the tempered glass 86 is emitted from the back surface.
  • L51' can be used as an architectural decoration to achieve a three-purpose lighting device.

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Abstract

一种可控光的导光体（1）及其制成的照明发射器，该导光体（1）包括：一光源入射面（11），包括一上顶点和一下顶点，光源入射面（11）构成一坐标系的Y轴，坐标系的X轴通过光源入射面（11）的上顶点并垂直于Y轴；上侧面，由上顶点起始，包括若干反射单元（13）；下侧面，包括若干控光单元（15）。使高密集光源更高效，出射的光更柔和，给用户提供更舒适自然的照明环境，在一个导光体（1）中同时拥有了防止眩光、高效利用光素、形成面光源、可控光角度照射以及可对一面保持高比例照射的同时在另一面产生辅助环境光的光导体，同时利用导光体（1）制成不同用途，不同样式的照明发射器设备。

Description

一种可控光的导光体以及制成的照明发射器 技术领域
本发明涉及一种可控光的导光体以及由其制成的照明发射器。
技术背景
照明设备是人类生活中必需的设备，人类从一开始用火焰直接照明，之后利用可燃物质制作成煤油灯等作为照明设备。随着技术的革新，文明的进步，出现了白炽灯、荧光灯、卤素灯等一些传统照明设备，这些传统照明设备带来的是高能耗以及高污染。随着照明技术的再一次革新，出现一种新型固态照明发光二极管。
发光二极管作为一种新型照明光源，节能、长寿命、无污染而逐渐受到大家的广泛使用，但是如何使用好发光二极管贴片或芯片是一个难题。发光二极管具有突出优点的同时也具有单颗亮度高、散热困难、蓝光过于丰富、照明开角窄等缺点，导致现有发光二极管照明设备均存在或多或少的缺陷，例如有些发光二极管照明设备只将发光二极管贴片阵列至一个平面，用户使用会感觉到强烈的多点眩光，为防止阵列产生的眩光而在发光二极管贴片前加设一层匀光板或扩散板，眩光问题是解决了但是由于加设匀光板或扩散板效率下降了30％至40％甚至更多；另有一种发光二极管照明设备将发光二极管贴片设置在设备周边通过中间导光体和反射层将光线从一面送出，虽然利用导光体可以避免发光二极管的眩光及形成一个均匀的照明面，但导光体形成的漫反射使该类照明设备效率也是大大下降且无法在照明设备背面形成辅助环境光，由于现在的照明设备设计单一也无法与建筑融为一体。
而对于汇聚型的照明设备发光二极管比较适合，目前现有的汇聚型发光二极管照明设备基本为单颗或几颗比较高功率的发光二极管阵列再配合光学透镜进行汇聚，但这样结果导致单颗或几颗比较高功率的发光二极管散热困难，导致直接影响发光二极管的光衰和色飘，同时给人一种不舒服的视觉效果。
发光二极管是一种全新的光源，传统照明技术或传统光学设计不能发挥发光二极管应有的特点，它需要一种全新的光学系统来实现安全、健康、高效、舒适的照明方式，照明设备给人带来光的同时不应该增加人眼及环境的负担，本发明用一种全新的光波导定向扩散或汇聚导光体及紧凑合理的机械结构与发光二极管构成一个全新的、安全的、健康的、高效的、舒适的、美观的照明发射器，使其可以运用到各种场合，满足各种照明需求。
发明内容
应当理解，本公开以上的一般性描述和以下的详细描述都是示例性和说明性的，并且旨在为如权利要求所述的本公开提供进一步的解释。
针对上述问题，本发明的目的在于，提供一种使高密集光源更高效，出射的光更柔和，给用户提供更舒适自然的照明环境，在一个导光体中同时拥有了防止眩光、高效利用光素、形成面光源、可控光角度照射以及可对一面保持高比例照射的同时在另一面产生辅助环境光的光导体，同时利用该导光体制成不同用途，不同样式的照明发射器设备。
本发明公开了一种可控光的导光体，包括：一光源入射面，包括一上顶点和一下顶点，所述光源入射面构成一坐标系的Y轴，所述坐标系的X轴通过所述光源入射面的上顶点并垂直于所述Y轴；上侧面，由所述上顶点起始，包括若干反射单元，所述反射单元包括反射面和背光面，相邻两反射单元的反射面和背光面相交于第一下顶点Qn，所述若干反射单元的第一下顶点Qn均位于一条弧形轨迹上，所述弧形轨迹构成一圆周的上顶点与该 圆周的圆心均位于所述Y轴上；下侧面，包括若干控光单元；其中，所述上、下侧面自所述光源入射面延伸后相交，所述第一下顶点Qn(x，y)的坐标满足以下条件：
Figure PCTCN2017098015-appb-000001
其中，R为弧形轨迹半径，R＞20mm；β为反射单元起始角，β＝5°；αn为所述第一下顶点与所述弧形轨迹半径为R的圆心RO之间的基角；其中，0.2°＜∠α1＜5°，∠αn＝∠αn-1×δ；其中，δ为反射单元扩光系数，1.01＜δ＜1.1；所述反射单元的反射面满足：
[x×cosA-(y-F)×sinA]2＝-2×(d-F)×[F+x×sinA+(y-F)cosA-d]    (2)
其中，抛物线系数d是由所述第一下顶点Qn的坐标带入方程(2)得出；其中，焦点F位于所述Y轴上，-8mm＜F＜-1mm；其中，所述光源入射面的光线全反射角A需满足：
Figure PCTCN2017098015-appb-000002
其中，所述背光面与所述Y轴呈5°～70°夹角。
本发明进一步揭示了一种可控光的导光体，其特征在于，所述导光体进一步包括：一匀光面，设置于所述上、下侧面自所述光源入射面延伸相交处，所述均光面的底部包括一均光面底面。
本发明进一步揭示了一种可控光的导光体，其特征在于，所述控光单元进一步包括：一出射面和一光束过渡面，相邻两控光单元的出射面和光束过渡面相交于第二下顶点，所述第二下顶点均位于所述均光面底面与所述反射单元第一下顶点的连线上；其中，所述光束过渡面与所述Y轴的夹角范围为5°～30°，所述出射面与所述Y轴夹角Vn满足：
Figure PCTCN2017098015-appb-000003
其中，所述夹角Vn的个数为：
Figure PCTCN2017098015-appb-000004
其中，n为自然数，所述Qn(x)和Q1(x)为所述首尾第一下顶点的X轴坐标；所述相邻第一下顶点在所述X轴上的间隔b为1mm～4mm。
本发明进一步揭示了一种可控光的导光体，其特征在于，所述导光体在近所述光源入射面的底部设有长宽1～4mm的凹台。
本发明进一步揭示了一种可控光的导光体，其特征在于，所述均光面的材质包括磨砂面或布颗粒面，其宽度或直径随所述导光体总宽度或外径增大而增大，厚度为1～4mm。
本发明进一步揭示了一种可控光的导光体，其特征在于，所述导光体包括聚甲基丙烯酸甲酯、聚苯乙烯或聚碳酸酯透明材料。
本发明还公开了一种根据上述任何一种导光体制成的照明发射器，其特征在于，所述发射器进一步包括：一光源组件，设置在所述光源入射面一侧，所述焦点F位于所述光源组件的中轴线；光源腔体，容置所述光源组件，包括上部边框和下部边框；一辅助环境光投射板，紧邻所述上部边框并沿所述X轴方向延伸设置在所述导光体之上。
本发明进一步揭示了照明发射器，其特征在于，所述下部边框内侧设有第一凸台，所述第一凸台的高度和所述导光体凹台的深度一致，所述上部边框和所述下部边框通过紧固件相连；所述上部边框内侧底边设有第二凸台，所述辅助环境光投射板设在所述第二凸台上。
本发明进一步揭示了照明发射器，其特征在于，所述上部边框和所述下部边框的材质包括铝合金。
本发明进一步揭示了照明发射器，其特征在于，所述辅助环境光投射板的材质包括聚碳酸酯、塑料或玻璃，其一面刻有磨砂圆点或磨砂条纹或涂有反射条纹。
本发明的照明发射器主体为可控光导光体，该导光体利用了全反射和折射原理，提供了一种和点光源或线光源(发光二极管/COB/激光)相配合的导光体，使多个设置在该导光体周边的、强光源发射出的光束在该导光体介质内部传导，光束在导光体上侧预设的反射单元面区上进行全反射并减弱分解强光同时形成一组宽形平行光束向导光体下侧预设的控光单元面区传导光束折射出导光体后进行照射。
附图说明
下面，参照附图，对于熟悉本技术领域的人员而言，从对本发明的详细描述中，本发明的上述和其他目的、特征和优点将显而易见。
图1a是本发明可控光导光体制成的两个照明发射器第一较佳实施例的截面图；
图1b是本发明可控光导光体制成的两个照明发射器第二较佳实施例的截面图；
图2a、2b示出一种典型的可控光导光体本体截面图；
图2c示出了本发明的一种可控光导光体设计实施例；
图3a示出了一种圆形可控光导光体制成的圆形照明发射器部件分解立体视图；
图3b示出了一种圆形可控光导光体制成的圆形照明发射器组成截面图；
图4a、4b、4c、4d示出了4种典型可控光导光体的光程图；
图4e为图4b局部放大图；
图5示出了一种由扇形可控光导光体制成的扇形照明发射器；
图6示出了一种由环形可控光导光体制成的环形照明发射器；
图7示出了一种由单侧条形可控光导光体制成的板形照明发射器；
图8示出了一种由内向双侧条形可控光导光体制成的板形照明发射器；
图9示出了一种由外向双侧条形可控光导光体制成的板形照明发射器；
图10示出了一种由环形可控光导光体制成的环形垂吊式照明发射器；
图11示出了一种由圆形可控光导光体制成的台式照明发射器；
图12a、12b分别示出了一种可控光导光体制成与建筑结合的三用照明发射器。
附图标记
1——导光体
2——发光二极管组件
4——塑料装饰件
5——辅助环境光投射板
7——发射器底座
8——紧固件
11——光源入射面
13——反射单元
14——匀光面
15——控光单元
25——光源腔体
31——下部铝合金边框
32——上部铝合金边框
33——铝合金边框表面
71——吊线
72——控制模块
73——驱动电源
74——电缆
75——电缆
76——遥控器
81——建筑结构
83——太阳能电池板
84——安装框架
85——内侧钢化玻璃
86——外侧钢化玻璃
111——凹台
131——反射面
132——背光面
141——匀光面底面
151——光束出射面
152——光束过渡面
153——第二下顶点
321——第二凸台
311——第一凸台
A——光线全反射角
P——圆顶点
Q——第一下顶点
α1——基角
β——反射单元起始角
δ——反射单元扩光系数
F——焦点
R——弧形轨迹半径
V——夹角
具体实施方式
现在将详细参考附图描述本公开的实施例。现在将详细参考本公开的优选实施例，其示例在附图中示出。在任何可能的情况下，在所有附图中将使用相同的标记来表示相同或相似的部分。此外，尽管本公开中所使用的术语是从公知公用的术语中选择的，但是本公开说明书中所提及的一些术语可能是申请人按他或她的判断来选择的，其详细含义在本文的描述的相关部分中说明。此外，要求不仅仅通过所使用的实际术语，而是还要通过每个术语所蕴含的意义来理解本公开。
图1a和图1b分别示出了由两种结构相同，仅参数不同的可控光导光体制成的两个具体实施例的照明发射器的截面图。(仅仅弧形轨迹半径R的取值与反射面取值不同。)
以其中图1a为例，该照明器发射器包括光源腔体25和设置在该光源腔体25内的发光二极管组件2，该光源腔体25由上部铝合金边框32和下部铝合金边框31围设构成。
其中，其上部铝合金边框32包括内圈下缘0.5mm～1mm的第二凸台321，下部铝合金边框31的底边设有长宽1mm～4mm第一凸台311，设置在光源腔体25外侧的铝合金边框表面33作为散热面。
该照明发射器的一导光体1设置在该光源腔体25的开口端，导光体1的光源入射面11嵌设在光源腔体25的开口端，光源腔体25的上部铝合金边框32与导光体1近光源入射面11的上部贴合，沿导光体1上部、平行X轴方向并紧邻上部铝合金边框32导光体位置设有一辅助环境光投射板5。
由此，光源腔体25和导光体1的光源入射面11围设形成一个空腔，发光二极管组件2安装于该空腔内。
下面介绍导光体1的结构，导光体1为本发明的照明发射器的结构主体，承担传导光束、分解发光二极管光束强度、控制光束出射等功能。
导光体1在靠近光源入射面11的底部设有长宽1mm～4mm的凹台111，光源入射面11正对发光二极管组件2，导光体1底部的凹台111的深度与 下部铝合金边框31的底边第一凸台311的高度一致，二者恰好嵌合，以防止发光二极管组件2漏光。
导光体1包括一上侧面和一下侧面。其中，上侧面由若干反射单元13组合形成，下侧面由若干控光单元15组合而成，上、下侧面均是从光源入射面11的上、下端启始，由于上、下侧面分别呈两段弧形形状，并于末端渐近相交，形成一较平坦的均光面14。
对于导光体1下侧面的若干控光单元15，均包括一光束出射面151、一光束过渡面152，其中光束出射面151和光束过渡面152相交形成第二下顶点153。
再来分析导光体1的上侧面。请参见图示中X、Y、P所示意，其中，光源入射面11处于Y轴方向，辅助环境光投射板5处于X轴方向(辅助环境光投射板5与X轴平行，光源入射面11上顶点处于X轴)，Y轴与X轴相交于圆顶点P点；按照光束的行进方向，导光体1上侧面的反射单元13包括背光面132与反射面131，而背光面132和反射面131相交的下顶点(图2a、2b中示意为第一下顶点Q)均在一条半径为R的弧形轨迹上。请参见图2a所示，该图示出了一种可控光的导光体1的典型横截面，并非为唯一可控光导光体样式。
导光体1的反射面131是由半径为R的弧形轨迹构成，该弧形轨迹的圆心RO为Y轴上一点，半径为R的圆与X轴相切于圆顶点P点，半径R(PRO)＞20mm，光源入射面11上一焦点F点与圆顶点P点距离为3mm，光源入射面11底部设有长度为1mm～4mm的凹台111，反射单元13的反射面131形成全反射面，该背光面132与反射面131相交形成如图4e所示几何形。
反射面131和背光面132组成的反射单元13，可以使光束在每一个反射单元13的反射面131进行分解光束强度的同时保持光束的高反射率，并且使反射的光束以平行光射向控光单元15，而每个反射单元13均进过排列 设计，反射单元13从光源入射面11向端线或中心线依次排列，第n个反射单元的背光面132与反射面131相交于第一下顶点Qn，该第一下顶点Qn均在半径为R的圆弧轨迹上，该半径为R的弧形轨迹的取值越大相对导光体1的总厚度越薄，该圆弧形轨迹半径R＞20mm，Y轴与第一个反射单元下顶点称为起始点Q1，其与Y轴之间形成的β角为反射单元起始角，反射单元起始角β＝5°，相邻两个反射单元第一下顶点Q1与Q2与弧形轨迹的半径R所在圆的圆心RO会呈一个角度α1，α1称为基角，随后的相邻的反射单元的第一下顶点Qn会形成所对应的α角，基角α1以δ依次递增，δ为反射单元扩光系数，距离光源入射面11越近的反射单元，所受到光强与受光面积越大，为了均匀分解光束能量到整个导光体1，避免出现外亮内暗的视觉效果，将初始反射单元依次乘以扩光系数δ优化导光体1光束分解与视觉效果，0.2°＜α1＜5°，基角α1取值越小，导光体1的反射单元越多，光束分解数更多，视觉效果越柔和，反之，基角α1取值越大，反射单元排列越稀疏，视觉效果粗糙。
其中，发射单元扩光系数满足：1.01＜δ＜1.1，反射单元扩光系数δ取值越小，反射单元依次变化微弱，外亮内暗效果越明显，反射单元扩光系数δ取值越大，反射单元依次变化大，外暗内亮效果越明显。
相邻两两反射单元的下顶点Q2与Q3形成∠α2，基角α1×δ＝α2，反射单元的下顶点Q3与Q4形成∠α3，α2×δ＝α3，依次类推，反射单元的下顶点Qn-1与Qn形成基角αn，基角：
αn-1×δ＝αn      (1)
由于光束在介质内部传输也存在损耗，微型化反射单元其排列总长度不能过长，所有反射单元基角相加∑αn＜40°，通过公式：
Figure PCTCN2017098015-appb-000005
可得出：
第一下顶点Q(x，y)的x和y坐标。其中，
Figure PCTCN2017098015-appb-000006
Figure PCTCN2017098015-appb-000007
Figure PCTCN2017098015-appb-000008
以此类推，可求出第一下顶点Qn的坐标(x，y)。
其次，再来考察反射单元13的反射面131，请参见图2a所示。
该反射单元13的反射面131为抛物线上一段，该发光二极管组件2的中心为焦点F，将焦点F的光束全反射后在每个反射面上均全反射出一条互相平行的光束，而每个反射面131为独立的面，焦点F为基准通过公式：
[x×cosA-(y-F)×sinA]2＝-2×(d-F)×[F+x×sinA+(y-F)cosA-d]    (6)
下顶点Qn的抛物线曲线，其中图2a中的A为光线全反射角，即光线在反射单元13的反射面131上全反射后与Y轴所呈的角度，Y轴按照光线全反射角A旋转形成Y’轴，这样Y轴与Y’轴所呈夹角A：
Figure PCTCN2017098015-appb-000009
焦点F与圆顶点P的距离为1mm～8mm(F＝-3mm(F点焦点与P点距离为3，由于公式为坐标轴公式而F点在坐标轴中处于(0，-3)位置，故这里的-3是代入公式的参数))。背光面132为平滑面，只是连接反射面131 的光束过渡面，与Y轴呈5°～70°夹角，与反射单元下顶点Q1相连的背光面132相交于第一下顶点Qz所在抛物线形成反射单元13，距离光源焦点F点最远的一个反射单元13的反射面131与匀光面14相交，匀光面14为纹理几何面区的延生段，当整个照明发射器的直径或宽度大于反射单元13的排列长度总和时，匀光面14对其补差，该匀光面14的表面为磨砂面或布颗粒面，当微弱的光束撞击到匀光面14时会产生漫反射形成补光区，在视觉上照明发射器的出光面不会因为尺寸过大而存在暗区。
图2b所示，与反射单元13相对应的位于下侧面的控光单元15，它包括光束出射面151和光束过渡面152，与光束出射面151和光束过渡面152相交于控光单元15的第二下顶点153，其光束出射面151为平滑面，当光束在反射单元13的反射面131进行全反射后形成一组平行光，为了不同的使用环境和效果，调整控光单元15的光束出射面151与光束入射角的数值，可对出射光束进行控制。
请参考图4e所示，例如改变其出射角或将光束发散出射，C1面为离中心或端面最近的光束出射面151，C2面为紧邻C1面之后的靠近光源入射面11的光束出射面151，依次类推距离光源入射面11最近的光束出射面151为Cn，C1与Y轴相对的经过对应控光单元15的第二下顶点153平行线呈角度V1，C2与Y轴相对的经过对应控光单元15第二下顶点153平行线呈角度V2依次类推。
Vn为最靠近光源入射面11的光束出射面151与垂直线所呈角度，而V1为最靠近中心轴线或端线的光束出射面151与垂直线所呈角度。
例1：当Vn与V1所呈角度相同，V1＝V2＝V3……＝Vn就形成图4a、4b、4c所示的出光情况。
例2：当Vn所呈角度为150°，V1所呈角度为90°，设Vn为V20，
那么：
V2＝(150°-90°/20)+90°＝93°      (8)
V3＝(150°-90°/20)+93°＝96°      (9)
依次类推，就形成图4d所示：
Figure PCTCN2017098015-appb-000010
依次类推，限定条件：
Figure PCTCN2017098015-appb-000011
其中，所述夹角V1的个数为：
Figure PCTCN2017098015-appb-000012
其中，n为自然数，所述Qn(x)和Q1(x)为首尾两第一下顶点的X轴坐标。
图2b中，控光单元15的横向跨度b为1毫米～4毫米，其光束过渡面152为平滑面，与Y轴呈5°～30°夹角，使光束出射面151一一相连。光束出射面151与光束过渡面152相交的的全部第二下顶点153均在光源入射面11底部凹台111与匀光面底面141相连的直线或弧线轨迹上。光源入射面11为平面，位于导光体1至少一侧面或外圈，其底部设有高和宽均为1毫米～4毫米的凹台111。
需要说明的是，上述揭示中，上部边框31、下部边框32和边框表面均采用铝合金材质，围绕该此技术思想，还可以采用其他材质。
实施例1
为了更好地说明本发明的技术方案，以下结合图2c给出一个具体的实施例以具体说明如何实现可控光导光体的技术方案，具体揭示如何设定参数并通过公式设计出可控光导光体。
设定参数：弧线轨迹的半径R＝80mm，
反射单元起始角∠β＝5°，
基角∠α1＝2°，
扩光系数δ＝1.1，
光源入射面的光线全反射角A满足：
Figure PCTCN2017098015-appb-000013
反射单元背光面132与Y轴所呈角度30°，
控光单元光束过渡面152与Y轴所呈角度20°，
控光单元的横向跨度b＝3.417mm，
匀光面厚度为3mm。
步骤一，根据上述选定的条件，计算反射单元如下：
将上述设定参数代入公式(1)求出基角∠αn：
∠α2＝∠α1×δ
∠α3＝∠α2×δ
∠α4＝∠α3×δ…
以此类推，得出各个基角如下(精确到0.01)：
∠α1＝2° ∠α2＝2.2°
∠α3＝2.42° ∠α4＝2.66°
∠α5＝2.93° ∠α6＝3.22°
∠α7＝3.54° ∠α8＝3.9°
∠α9＝4.29° ∠α10＝4.72°
将所求出的∠αn值代入公式(2)、(3)得出：
Figure PCTCN2017098015-appb-000014
得出反射单元第一个第一下顶点Q1坐标为(-6.97，-0.3)。
带入公式(4)，得出：
Figure PCTCN2017098015-appb-000015
得出反射单元第二个第一下顶点Q2坐标为(-9.75，-0.6)。
带入公式(5)，得出：
Figure PCTCN2017098015-appb-000016
得出反射单元第三个第一下顶点Q3坐标为(-12.79，-1.03)。
继续按照上述公式(2)，得到反射单元第四个第一下顶点Q4坐标为：
Figure PCTCN2017098015-appb-000017
Figure PCTCN2017098015-appb-000018
得出第四个第一下顶点Q4坐标为(-16.11，-1.64)。
以此类推……
再将计算出的第一下顶点Q点代入公式(6)得出：
[x×cosA-(y-F)×sinA]2＝-2×(d-F)×[F+x×sinA+(y-F)cosA-d]
代入Q2坐标(-9.75，-0.6)可得出d1＝3.54(取正值)
代入Q3坐标(-12.79，-1.03)可得出d2＝4.8(取正值)
代入Q4坐标(-16.11，-1.64)可得出d3＝6.12(取正值)
以此类推……
得出的d值为对应的抛物线系数，将其代入公式(6)，形成一个相对应的抛物线方程，再进行作图，得出n条抛物线的方程PW1，…PWn：
PW1抛物线方程：
[x×cosA-(y-F)×sinA]2＝-2×(3.54-F)×[F+x×sinA+(y-F)cosA-3.54]
PW2抛物线方程：
[x×cosA-(y-F)×sinA]2＝-2×(4.8-F)×[F+x×sinA+(y-F)cosA-4.8]
PW3抛物线方程：
[x×cosA-(y-F)×sinA]2＝-2×(6.12-F)×[F+x×sinA+(y-F)cosA-6.12]
以此类推……
从反射单元第一下顶点Q1～Q10向抛物线PW1～PW10作与Y轴夹角为30°的直线与之相交，形成一个完整的反射单元。
步骤二，接下来，再揭示控光单元的形成过程。
将前述设定参数代入公式(12)以求出控光单元数量：
Figure PCTCN2017098015-appb-000019
匀光面底面141与光源入射面11下顶点相连的轨迹与X轴方向第一下顶点Q1至Q11中的12条平分线相交，形成控光单元15的第二下顶点153，从控光单元15的顶点出发向垂直平分线作与Y轴呈
Figure PCTCN2017098015-appb-000020
夹角的直线，和控光单元的光束过渡面152相交形成完整的控光单元15。
这样的示例完整设计出了整个可控光导光体。
图3a、3b示出了一种由可控光导光体制成的圆形照明发射器的分解示意图，以及组合后剖视图。
其中，图3a为本发明的可控光导光体制成的圆形照明发射器部件分解立体视图。主要由下部铝合金边框31、导光体1、发光二极管组件2，上部铝合金边框32、辅助环境光投射板5、安装用紧固件8和塑料装饰件4组成。
组装时，首先将本发明的导光体1与下部铝合金边框31通过凹台111或第二凸台321嵌装成一体，再将二极管组件2环成圆环状装入下部铝合金边框31并与下部铝合金边框31内壁紧贴，辅助环境光投射板5嵌入上部铝合金边框32的对应圆孔内，接着将带有可控光导光体1和发光二极管组件2的下部铝合金边框31与嵌装有辅助环境光投射板5的上部铝合金边框32上下合并，通过若干安装紧固件8进行紧固固定，最后将塑料装饰件4安装于上部铝合金边框32的上圈上遮挡紧固件8即完成。
其中，图3b示出了一种由可控光导光体制成的圆形照明发射器的组成截面图，其中光源入射面11为平滑面，位于导光体1至少一侧面或外圈，光源射入面11底部设有高和宽均为1毫米～4毫米的凹台111，与下部铝 合金边框31内边底部第一凸台311相互契合，从而形成一个光源腔体25，将发光二极管组件2安置在光源空腔25内，发光二极管组件2由多个发光二极管贴片或芯片等距离焊接在预制的电路板一面上，其电路板为单面或双面板，其厚度为0.2毫米～0.4毫米，一面为光源面，另一面为散热面，发光二极管组件2背面散热面紧贴下部铝合金边框31内边下部分，两者充分接触，当发光二极管组件2运作时，光束以最短的距离射入导光体1的光源入射面11同时发光二极管组件2会产生一定的热量，而产生的热量通过发光二极管组件2的焊脚传递到线路板，再从线路板背面传递到上部、下部铝合金边框32、31上，并通过铝合金边框表面33外界对流散热，一系列传递后发光二极管的热量快速散去可解决光衰与色飘问题。
其中，下部铝合金边框31周围有若干个安装孔，相对应上部铝合金边框32周边也设有若干安装通孔，通过安装通孔和安装孔使用紧固件8将上部铝合金边框32与下部铝合金边框31相连接，上部铝合金边框32内侧底边设有0.5毫米～1毫米第二凸台321，其上平面与中间内边紧配固定辅助环境光投射板5，环境光投射板5由聚碳酸酯或玻璃制成，上部铝合金边框32的外侧与塑料装饰件4配合，可遮掩紧固件8，保持照明发射器的良好外观及整体感。
图4a至4d示出了光束L在4种控光单元15的光束出射面151所对应夹角Vn在不同角度参数下的4种典型光程图。
以F点焦点作为光束出射点，发光二极管组件2发出的光束进入光源入射面11，图示中，5束光束L11、L12、L13、L14、L15分别射入如图4a、图4b、图4c、图4d所在的4种可控光导光体内在导光体1的反射单元13上的反射面131进行全反射，在光束L11、L12、L13、L14、L15通过全反射后形 成5束射向控光单元的平行光，同时平行光L11、L12、L13、L14、L15与Y轴呈角度为A，
Figure PCTCN2017098015-appb-000021
其中，图4a、4b、4c示出了当控光单元15的控光面151的夹角V1至Vn的角度相同时，当改变光束出射面151所呈角度时可改变出射光束L11、L12、L13、L14、L15的出射角度。
例如图4a中，夹角V1至Vn均为
Figure PCTCN2017098015-appb-000022
光束L21、L22、L23、L24、L25与Y轴所呈出射光线角＝光线全反射角A×折射率。
图4b中，夹角V1至
Figure PCTCN2017098015-appb-000023
均为
Figure PCTCN2017098015-appb-000024
得出光束L31、L32、L33、L34、L35与光束出射面151呈90°垂直于法线，直接透射出光束出射面151。
图4c中，夹角V1至Vn均为
Figure PCTCN2017098015-appb-000025
得出光束L41、L42、L43、L44、L45与光束出射面151呈45°垂直于法线，直接透射出光束出射面151。
图4d示出了当控光单元15的光束出射面151的夹角V1至Vn的角度不相同时，可以将光束L51、L52、L53、L54、L55进行发散。
图5至图11示出了以控光的导光体1为基础制成的照明发射器发射端的实施例的局部剖视图，其中图5，6示意了呈现圆环形的发射端的局部剖视图。图7示意了单侧板形的发射端的局部剖视图，图8，9分别示意了内向双侧板形及外向双侧板形照明发射器发射端实施例。以这些照明发射器发射端为基础可以扩展出不同用途及样式不同的照明发射器。其中，图10是采用环形导光体制作成的垂吊式圆环形照明发射器的结构示意图。所有图5～11的差别仅仅是外观上。
其中，该发射器包括：发射器底座7、吊线71、控制模块72、驱动电源73、电缆74和75、遥控器76，该控制模块72与驱动电源73均设置在 发射器底座7内部，驱动电源73所输出的电缆74与通过吊线71连接的圆环形照明扩散发射器内部相连供电，外置的遥控器76可对发射器底座内部控制模块72进行遥控，控制开关、亮度及色温，其中控制模块72自带开启关闭渐亮渐暗功能，在照明设备开启时其内部控制模块72控制照明发射器亮度在1秒～2秒内，亮度从0％～100％，同样照明设备关闭时其内部控制模块72控制照明发射器亮度在1秒～2秒内，亮度从100％～0％，这样对人眼会有一个短暂适应，使人眼更舒适。
图11是采用圆形可控光导光体制成的台式照明发射器。其中包括：发射器底座7、驱动电源73、电缆74和75，其中，驱动电源73设置在发射器底座7内部，驱动电源73所输出的电缆74连接的圆环形照明扩散发射器内部相连供电。
图12a与图12b给出的两个实施例是本发明的导光体制成的照明设备与建筑相结合的示意图。
该类照明设备包括照明发射器1、建筑结构81、安装框架84、太阳能电池板83、蓄电池82，内侧钢化玻璃85和外侧钢化玻璃86。照明发射器被包裹在安装框架84内，安装框架84内侧与外侧均为厚10毫米～20毫米透明钢化玻璃，太阳能电池板83暴露于外侧，白天时阳光或自然光透过安装框架84外侧钢化玻璃86再透过照明发射器最后通过安装框架84内侧钢化玻璃85向建筑内部进行光传递，自然光经过照明设备自然光，同时阳光照射在外侧太阳能电池板83上，将白天所产生的能量储存在蓄电池82内，当晚上照明发射器开始通过蓄电池82供电进行运作，导光体1发出的光束L51通过安装框架84内侧钢化玻璃85向建筑内部进行照明，而背面出射出安装框架84外侧钢化玻璃86的光束L51’可以作为建筑装饰，做到一体三用的照明设备。
前面提供了对较佳实施例的描述，以使本领域内的任何技术人员可使用或利用本发明。对这些实施例的各种修改对本领域内的技术人员是显而 易见的，可把这里所述的总的原理应用到其他实施例而不使用创造性。因而，本发明将不限于这里所示的实施例，而应依据符合这里所揭示的原理和新特征的最宽范围。

Claims (10)

  1. 一种可控光的导光体，包括：
    一光源入射面，包括一上顶点和一下顶点，所述光源入射面构成一坐标系的Y轴，所述坐标系的X轴通过所述光源入射面的上顶点并垂直于所述Y轴；
    上侧面，由所述上顶点起始，包括若干反射单元，所述反射单元包括反射面和背光面，相邻两反射单元的反射面和背光面相交于第一下顶点，所述若干反射单元的第一下顶点均位于一条弧形轨迹上，所述弧形轨迹构成一圆周的上顶点与该圆周的圆心均位于所述Y轴上；
    下侧面，包括若干控光单元；
    其中，所述上、下侧面自所述光源入射面延伸后相交，所述第一下顶点Qn+1(x，y)的坐标满足以下条件：
    Figure PCTCN2017098015-appb-100001
    其中，R为弧形轨迹半径，R＞20mm；
    β为反射单元起始角，β＝5°；
    αn为所述第一下顶点与所述弧形轨迹半径为R的圆心RO之间的基角；
    其中，0.2°＜∠α1＜5°，且：
    ∠αn＝∠αn-1×δ；
    其中，δ为反射单元扩光系数，满足：
    1.01＜δ＜1.1；
    所述反射单元的反射面满足：
    [x×cosA-(y-F)×sinA]2＝-2×(d-F)×[F+x×sinA+(y-F)cosA-d](2)
    其中，抛物线系数d是由所述第一下顶点的坐标(1)带入方程(2)得出；
    其中，焦点F位于所述Y轴上，-8mm＜F＜-1mm；
    其中，所述光源入射面的光线全反射角A需满足：
    Figure PCTCN2017098015-appb-100002
    其中，所述背光面与所述Y轴呈5°～70°夹角。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的一种可控光的导光体，其特征在于，所述导光体进一步包括：
    一匀光面，设置于所述上、下侧面自所述光源入射面延伸相交处，所述均光面的底部包括一均光面底面。
  3. 根据权利要求2所述的一种可控光的导光体，其特征在于，所述控光单元进一步包括：
    一出射面和一光束过渡面，相邻两控光单元的出射面和光束过渡面相交于第二下顶点，所述第二下顶点均位于所述均光面底面与所述反射单元第一下顶点的连线上；
    其中，所述光束过渡面与所述Y轴的夹角范围为5°～30°，所述出射面与所述Y轴夹角Vn满足：
    Figure PCTCN2017098015-appb-100003
    其中，所述夹角Vn的个数为：
    Figure PCTCN2017098015-appb-100004
    其中，n为自然数，所述Qn(x)和Q1(x)为所述首尾第一下顶点的X轴坐标；
    所述相邻第一下顶点在所述X轴上的间隔b为1mm～4mm。
  4. 根据权利要求3所述的一种可控光的导光体，其特征在于，
    所述导光体在近所述光源入射面的底部设有长宽1～4mm的凹台。
  5. 根据权利要求4所述的一种可控光的导光体，其特征在于，
    所述均光面的材质包括磨砂面或布颗粒面，其宽度或直径随所述导光体总宽度或外径增大而增大，厚度为1～4mm。
  6. 根据权利要求5所述的一种可控光的导光体，其特征在于，
    所述导光体包括聚甲基丙烯酸甲酯、聚苯乙烯或聚碳酸酯透明材料。
  7. 一种根据权利要求1至6中任何一种导光体制成的照明发射器，其特征在于，所述发射器进一步包括：
    一光源组件，设置在所述光源入射面一侧，所述焦点F位于所述光源组件的中轴线；
    光源腔体，容置所述光源组件，包括上部边框和下部边框；
    一辅助环境光投射板，紧邻所述上部边框并沿所述X轴方向延伸设置在所述导光体之上。
  8. 根据权利要求7所述的照明发射器，其特征在于，
    所述下部边框内侧设有第一凸台，所述第一凸台的高度和所述导光体凹台的深度一致，所述上部边框和所述下部边框通过紧固件相连；
    所述上部边框内侧底边设有第二凸台，所述辅助环境光投射板设在所述第二凸台上。
  9. 根据权利要求8所述的照明发射器，其特征在于，
    所述上部边框和所述下部边框的材质包括铝合金。
  10. 根据权利要求9所述的的照明发射器，其特征在于，
    所述辅助环境光投射板的材质包括聚碳酸酯、塑料或玻璃，其一面刻有磨砂圆点或磨砂条纹或涂有反射条纹。
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CN107166327B (zh) * 2017-05-13 2020-09-29 复旦大学 一体式的自然光与led光混合光照明装置
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