Classifications

• • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
  • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
  • F16F—SPRINGS; SHOCK-ABSORBERS; MEANS FOR DAMPING VIBRATION
  • F16F1/00—Springs
  • F16F1/36—Springs made of rubber or other material having high internal friction, e.g. thermoplastic elastomers
  • F16F1/366—Springs made of rubber or other material having high internal friction, e.g. thermoplastic elastomers made of fibre-reinforced plastics, i.e. characterised by their special construction from such materials
  • F16F1/368—Leaf springs
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
  • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
  • B29C70/00—Shaping composites, i.e. plastics material comprising reinforcements, fillers or preformed parts, e.g. inserts
  • B29C70/04—Shaping composites, i.e. plastics material comprising reinforcements, fillers or preformed parts, e.g. inserts comprising reinforcements only, e.g. self-reinforcing plastics
  • B29C70/28—Shaping operations therefor
  • B29C70/40—Shaping or impregnating by compression not applied
  • B29C70/42—Shaping or impregnating by compression not applied for producing articles of definite length, i.e. discrete articles
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
  • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
  • B29C70/00—Shaping composites, i.e. plastics material comprising reinforcements, fillers or preformed parts, e.g. inserts
  • B29C70/68—Shaping composites, i.e. plastics material comprising reinforcements, fillers or preformed parts, e.g. inserts by incorporating or moulding on preformed parts, e.g. inserts or layers, e.g. foam blocks
  • B29C70/681—Component parts, details or accessories; Auxiliary operations
  • B29C70/683—Pretreatment of the preformed part, e.g. insert
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
  • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
  • B29C70/00—Shaping composites, i.e. plastics material comprising reinforcements, fillers or preformed parts, e.g. inserts
  • B29C70/68—Shaping composites, i.e. plastics material comprising reinforcements, fillers or preformed parts, e.g. inserts by incorporating or moulding on preformed parts, e.g. inserts or layers, e.g. foam blocks
  • B29C70/70—Completely encapsulating inserts
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
  • B60G—VEHICLE SUSPENSION ARRANGEMENTS
  • B60G3/00—Resilient suspensions for a single wheel
  • B60G3/02—Resilient suspensions for a single wheel with a single pivoted arm
  • B60G3/04—Resilient suspensions for a single wheel with a single pivoted arm the arm being essentially transverse to the longitudinal axis of the vehicle
  • B60G3/10—Resilient suspensions for a single wheel with a single pivoted arm the arm being essentially transverse to the longitudinal axis of the vehicle the arm itself being resilient, e.g. leaf spring
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
  • B60G—VEHICLE SUSPENSION ARRANGEMENTS
  • B60G2206/00—Indexing codes related to the manufacturing of suspensions: constructional features, the materials used, procedures or tools
  • B60G2206/01—Constructional features of suspension elements, e.g. arms, dampers, springs
  • B60G2206/40—Constructional features of dampers and/or springs
  • B60G2206/42—Springs
  • B60G2206/428—Leaf springs
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
  • B60G—VEHICLE SUSPENSION ARRANGEMENTS
  • B60G2206/00—Indexing codes related to the manufacturing of suspensions: constructional features, the materials used, procedures or tools
  • B60G2206/01—Constructional features of suspension elements, e.g. arms, dampers, springs
  • B60G2206/70—Materials used in suspensions
  • B60G2206/71—Light weight materials
  • B60G2206/7101—Fiber-reinforced plastics [FRP]
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
  • B60G—VEHICLE SUSPENSION ARRANGEMENTS
  • B60G2206/00—Indexing codes related to the manufacturing of suspensions: constructional features, the materials used, procedures or tools
  • B60G2206/01—Constructional features of suspension elements, e.g. arms, dampers, springs
  • B60G2206/80—Manufacturing procedures

Definitions

• the invention relates to a method for producing a leaf spring made of a fiber composite material, wherein the leaf spring is made of several fiber layers with at least one lying in the longitudinal direction between the ends thickening. Furthermore, the invention relates to a leaf spring and a chassis for a motor vehicle.
• leaf springs can be used as suspension springs, which support the construction of the vehicle resiliently with respect to the wheels provided on the wheel carriers.
• a significant advantage of a leaf spring is that it also act as a construction element for connecting structure and axle and can take over Rad Fromsfunktionen compared to other types of spring simultaneously. If a plurality of leaf springs are then used, a certain degree of damping can still be achieved due to the frictional forces between the individual spring leaves, so that the leaf springs can support the work of a vibration damper.
• Leaf springs are now increasingly made of a fiber composite material, which can realize the advantages mentioned above with low weight.
• the leaf spring is composed of several fiber layers, which are positioned according to the desired design of the leaf spring to each other, compacted and then bonded together by a plastic matrix materially. Depending on the geometry and choice of material of this ultimately formed leaf spring can thereby realize different properties of the leaf spring.
• a method for producing a leaf spring from a fiber composite material wherein the leaf spring is made of several fiber layers.
• a thickening is formed with a greater thickness compared to the remaining part of the leaf spring, wherein this thickening is produced by fiber layers with different lengths alternately from the ends to the desired area. overlap and overlap here. This targeted overlap of the fiber layers in the desired area then causes the thickening there.
• a leaf spring according to the invention is also the subject of claim 9, while a leaf spring having a landing gear claimed in claim 10.
• the leaf spring in a method for producing a leaf spring made of a fiber composite material, is manufactured from a plurality of fiber layers with at least one longitudinal thickening between the ends.
• the leaf spring is thus made of a plurality of individual fiber layers, which form a fiber-plastic composite in combination with a plastic.
• the fibers are reinforcing fibers, in particular in the form of glass fibers, which are surrounded by a plastic matrix.
• the plastic matrix is preferably formed by a thermosetting plastic, which may be in the form of epoxy resin.
• At least one thickening is formed in the course of production between the ends.
• a “thickening” is to be understood as meaning a section of the leaf spring which has a significantly greater thickness, ie a greater extent in the springing direction, compared to other sections of the leaf spring Thickened areas may be provided, which may be designed according to their thickness in accordance with or deviating.
• the invention now includes the technical teaching that the at least one thickening is defined in each case by at least one insert, which is prefabricated as a unit and subsequently arranged in the region of the respectively defined thickening between an upper cover layer and a lower cover layer.
• At least one insert is already manufactured in advance, wherein this prefabricated insert is then placed between a lower and an upper cover layer in the area to be thickened in the further production process of the actual leaf spring and, after connection with the cover layers there, the desired one Thickening defined.
• Such a design of a method has the advantage that the production costs can be reduced by the upstream production of the at least one insert. Because the actual leaf spring is thus divided into several components, which are merged only at the end of the manufacturing process. In this way, positioning and connection of the individual fiber layers can be made simpler in the inserter than would be the case if fiber layer for fiber layer were laid one on top of the other in an expiration to the final leaf spring.
• a production of leaf springs can thereby be designed in a modular manner, in that different combination possibilities of prefabricated embodiments of inserts with different cover layers exist and thus also different properties of leaf springs can be realized. In addition, different prefabricated inserts could be combined with each other. Overall, the manufacture of a leaf spring can be made simple by arranging one or more prefabricated inserts between the cover layers at or the respective points and thereby one or more thickened areas are realized.
• the fact that the at least one insert is prefabricated as a unit means that the insert has already been produced in the course of an upstream production process as fiber-plastic composite a plastic matrix integrated.
• the insert can be made of the same fiber composite material as the cover layers or also of a material to be deviated.
• the cover layers may consist of one and the same material or be formed by different materials.
• the at least one insert is in advance composed of a plurality of fiber layers, which are connected in overlapping manner in at least one section and thereby define a greater thickness in the respective section.
• fiber layers of different lengths are connected to one another.
• the at least one insert is thus composed according to a predefined pattern of the different fiber layers, wherein the thickness to be achieved is realized by targeted overlapping of the different fiber layers.
• the at least one insert is previously composed of several fiber layers, wherein at least one section is made of greater thickness by attaching at least one shorter fiber layer to at least one longer fiber layer.
• the desired thickness of the at least one inserter is realized in that one or more shorter fiber layers are placed on one or more longer fiber layers.
• the fibers are thus stacked on top of each other.
• the upper cover layer and / or the lower cover layer are each formed by a plurality of fiber layers. According to the invention, therefore, the upper cover layer or the lower cover layer or also both the upper and the lower cover layer are each composed of a plurality of fiber layers.
• the property of the leaf spring to be ultimately produced can be influenced. It is also within the meaning of the invention also conceivable to prefabricate the upper cover layer and the lower cover layer also in the context of an upstream process. Alternatively, however, the individual fiber layers can also be joined together only as part of the connection with the at least one intermediate insert.
• the plurality of fiber layers each have the same lengths.
• the fiber layers of the upper cover layer and / or the lower cover layer extend in the longitudinal direction of the leaf spring from the axial end to the other end of the final leaf spring.
• the at least one thickening is formed in each case by a plurality of intermediate inserts.
• the individual thickening is thus formed by interaction of several depositors, these depositors more preferably corresponding to each other and are mirrored to each other between the upper cover layer and the lower cover layer are arranged. Through this interaction can be realized by the run as a common parts inserts significantly higher thickening.
• a leaf spring produced by means of the method according to the invention is characterized in that at least one thickening is formed in the longitudinal direction between ends, wherein at least one insert is provided in the respective region of the at least one thickening between an upper cover layer and a lower cover layer, which as a prefabricated unit with the cover layers is connected.
• Such a leaf spring is then in particular part of a chassis for a motor vehicle, wherein the leaf spring used can be further made according to the further, previously described variants.
• the invention is not limited to the specified combination of the features of the independent or the dependent claims. There are also opportunities to combine individual features, even if they emerge from the claims, the following description of preferred embodiments of the invention o- directly from the drawings.
• the reference of the claims to the drawings by use of reference numerals is not intended to limit the scope of the claims.
• Fig. 1 is a schematic representation of a leaf spring according to the invention according to a first embodiment of the invention, shown in the finished state;
• Fig. 2 is a schematic representation of the leaf spring of Fig. 1, disassembled into their
• Fig. 3 is a schematic detail view of an insert of Fig. 2, shown before its completion;
• Fig. 5 is a schematic detail view of an upper cover layer of Figure 2, shown before its completion.
• Fig. 6 is a schematic detail view of a lower cover layer of Figure 2, shown before its completion.
• Fig. 7 is a schematic illustration of a leaf spring according to a second embodiment of the invention, shown before its completion; and Fig. 8 is a schematic view of a leaf spring according to a third embodiment of the invention, shown before its completion
• Fig. 1 shows a schematic view of a leaf spring 1, which is designed according to a first embodiment of the invention.
• the leaf spring 1 has two thickenings 2 and 3, which lie in the longitudinal direction between the ends 4 and 5 to each other.
• the leaf spring 1 is designed in the region of the thickenings 2 and 3 in comparison to end-side sections and an intermediate central region with a significantly greater thickness.
• 1 shows the leaf spring 1 in a finished state, in which a plurality of fiber layers, in particular in the form of glass fibers, are surrounded by a plastic matrix and form a fiber-plastic composite.
• the plastic is formed in particular by a thermosetting plastic and is preferably present as an epoxy resin.
• the leaf spring 1 modular-like composed of several prefabricated components, which are apparent from Fig. 2.
• the leaf spring 1 is formed by an upper cover layer 6, a lower cover layer 7 and a total of four inserts 8, which each have the same construction and are arranged between the upper cover layer 6 and the lower cover layer 7 ,
• the depositors 8 are each paired mirrored to each other at the locations between the upper cover layer 6 and the lower cover layer 7, where the later leaf spring 1 should have the thickenings 2 and 3.
• the cover layers 6 and 7 and also the inserts 8 are each prefabricated in upstream process steps of several fiber layers, this being shown for the insert 8 in FIGS. 3 and 4, while FIG. 5 shows the prefabrication of the upper cover layer 6 and FIG the prefabrication of the lower cover layer 7 shows.
• the inserts 8 it can be seen in FIG. 3 that a plurality of fiber layers 9 to 13 are arranged one above the other, which have different lengths.
• the fiber layers 10 to 13 are arranged on the longest fiber layer 9 such that the fiber layer 10 overlaps with the layer layers of fiber layers 11 and 12 arranged one above the other and in turn, is overlapped by the uppermost fiber layer 13.
• the desired contour of the insert 8 is imaged, wherein the fiber layers 9 to 13 are subsequently precompacted in a furnace process to the wedge-shaped contour shown in FIG. 4, in order ultimately to be surrounded by a plastic matrix.
• both the upper cover layer 6 and the lower cover layer 7 are each formed from a plurality of equally long fiber layers 14.
• the fiber layers 14 each have a length which corresponds to a defined at the later leaf spring 1 between the ends 4 and 5 length.
• the upper cover layer 6 is composed of two fiber layers 14, while the lower cover layer 7 is formed by a total of four fiber layers 14. Both the upper cover layer 6, and the lower cover layer 7 are also pre-compacted and incorporated in a plastic matrix. In a final process is then made of the upper cover layer 6, the intermediate, four inserts 8 and the lower cover layer 7, the final leaf spring 1.
• a leaf spring 15 the components of a leaf spring 15 are shown according to a second embodiment of the invention.
• an upper cover layer 16 and a lower cover layer 17 are identical in that they are composed of the same number of fiber layers, in each case four fiber layers.
• the components of a leaf spring 18 of FIG. 8 in which also the upper cover layer 19 and the lower cover layer 20 have the same construction, that is to say corresponding components are realized.
• the upper cover layer 19 and the lower cover layer 20 are each formed by two fiber layers each.
• a leaf spring can be produced with a low production cost, wherein at the same time different thickness profiles can be realized without difficulty.

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• Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
• Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
• Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
• Composite Materials (AREA)
• General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
• Springs (AREA)
• Vehicle Body Suspensions (AREA)
• Moulding By Coating Moulds (AREA)

Priority Applications (4)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Publications (1)

Family

ID=59581858

Family Applications (1)

Country Status (6)

Families Citing this family (6)

Citations (6)

Family Cites Families (5)

• 2016
  • 2016-08-25 DE DE102016215938.0A patent/DE102016215938B4/de not_active Expired - Fee Related
• 2017
  • 2017-07-24 EP EP17751284.5A patent/EP3504458A1/de not_active Withdrawn
  • 2017-07-24 WO PCT/EP2017/068623 patent/WO2018036733A1/de unknown
  • 2017-07-24 JP JP2019503694A patent/JP2019528408A/ja not_active Withdrawn
  • 2017-07-24 KR KR1020197007998A patent/KR20190039298A/ko unknown
  • 2017-07-24 CN CN201780051229.XA patent/CN109642630A/zh active Pending

Patent Citations (6)

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