WO2018030821A1 - Battery pack having improved cooling structure - Google Patents

Battery pack having improved cooling structure Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2018030821A1
WO2018030821A1 PCT/KR2017/008703 KR2017008703W WO2018030821A1 WO 2018030821 A1 WO2018030821 A1 WO 2018030821A1 KR 2017008703 W KR2017008703 W KR 2017008703W WO 2018030821 A1 WO2018030821 A1 WO 2018030821A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
pack
battery pack
pack case
case
coolant
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PCT/KR2017/008703
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French (fr)
Korean (ko)
Inventor
서성원
문정오
이윤구
최미금
Original Assignee
주식회사 엘지화학
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Priority to CN201790000490.2U priority Critical patent/CN208401005U/en
Publication of WO2018030821A1 publication Critical patent/WO2018030821A1/en

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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/20—Mountings; Secondary casings or frames; Racks, modules or packs; Suspension devices; Shock absorbers; Transport or carrying devices; Holders
    • H01M50/271—Lids or covers for the racks or secondary casings
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/60—Heating or cooling; Temperature control
    • H01M10/61—Types of temperature control
    • H01M10/613—Cooling or keeping cold
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/60—Heating or cooling; Temperature control
    • H01M10/65—Means for temperature control structurally associated with the cells
    • H01M10/655—Solid structures for heat exchange or heat conduction
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/60—Heating or cooling; Temperature control
    • H01M10/65—Means for temperature control structurally associated with the cells
    • H01M10/655—Solid structures for heat exchange or heat conduction
    • H01M10/6556—Solid parts with flow channel passages or pipes for heat exchange
    • H01M10/6557—Solid parts with flow channel passages or pipes for heat exchange arranged between the cells
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/60—Heating or cooling; Temperature control
    • H01M10/65—Means for temperature control structurally associated with the cells
    • H01M10/656—Means for temperature control structurally associated with the cells characterised by the type of heat-exchange fluid
    • H01M10/6567—Liquids
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/60—Heating or cooling; Temperature control
    • H01M10/65—Means for temperature control structurally associated with the cells
    • H01M10/656—Means for temperature control structurally associated with the cells characterised by the type of heat-exchange fluid
    • H01M10/6569—Fluids undergoing a liquid-gas phase change or transition, e.g. evaporation or condensation
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/30—Arrangements for facilitating escape of gases
    • H01M50/317—Re-sealable arrangements
    • H01M50/325—Re-sealable arrangements comprising deformable valve members, e.g. elastic or flexible valve members
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/20—Mountings; Secondary casings or frames; Racks, modules or packs; Suspension devices; Shock absorbers; Transport or carrying devices; Holders
    • H01M50/204—Racks, modules or packs for multiple batteries or multiple cells
    • H01M50/207—Racks, modules or packs for multiple batteries or multiple cells characterised by their shape
    • H01M50/209—Racks, modules or packs for multiple batteries or multiple cells characterised by their shape adapted for prismatic or rectangular cells
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02E60/10—Energy storage using batteries

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a battery pack in which a coolant is used, and more particularly, to a battery pack having a structure that prevents a temperature increase of a cell by supplying a coolant to a case accommodating a cell.
  • Lithium secondary batteries are widely applied to fields requiring high energy, such as automobile batteries or power storage devices, because a plurality of unit cells are bundled into one pack.
  • a battery pack including a plurality of unit cells causes swelling with heat generation during overcharging and convex expansion occurs in the outward direction of the module.
  • Korean Patent Laid-Open Publication No. 2013-0064969 discloses a heat dissipation unit of a battery cell in which heat exchange efficiency is improved and stable heat dissipation of a battery cell is achieved by exchanging a plurality of battery cells and a heat dissipation module in close contact with each other. have.
  • Korean Patent Laid-Open Publication No. 2013-0105653 has a structure to enable a flow path for delivering the coolant in a uniform and well-dispersed manner, and the rubber sheet of the front and rear cover to change the flow direction of the coolant Is disclosed, wherein a power battery pack cooling device is provided that provides a path for cooling water to flow throughout the array.
  • the coolant is supplied through a cooling tube or a cooling duct, and thus the temperature of the battery cell is determined by factors such as an event occurrence of the battery cell, that is, overcharge.
  • the temperature of the battery cell is determined by factors such as an event occurrence of the battery cell, that is, overcharge.
  • the present invention has been made in view of the above problems, and an object thereof is to provide a battery pack having a structure for improving cooling efficiency by using a phase change of a cooling liquid.
  • Another object of the present invention is to provide a battery pack having a structure that can smoothly discharge the cooling gas generated by the phase change to the outside.
  • the present invention to achieve the above object is a plurality of cells arranged at a predetermined interval; A pack case having an inner space for accommodating the plurality of cells; And a coolant flowing into an inner space of the pack case and in direct contact with the cell and causing a phase change from a liquid state to a gas state by an increase in temperature of the cell.
  • the pack case may include a case body having a bottom surface capable of supporting the plurality of cells, and an upper cover which is tightly coupled to the case body.
  • At least one of the rectangular case portion and the cover portion may be formed with a lattice rib structure for imparting rigidity.
  • One side of the pack case may be provided with a coolant inlet pipe communicating with the inner space, the other side may be provided with a coolant outlet pipe communicating with the inner space.
  • the pack case may be sealed while the coolant is introduced.
  • the pack case may be provided with a venting valve for discharging the gas generated by the phase change to the outside of the pack case.
  • At least a part of the pack case may be made of a Gore-tex material that can discharge the gas generated by the phase change to the outside of the pack case.
  • cooling liquid cooling water or insulating oil having a boiling point of 150 ° C. or more may be introduced.
  • the plurality of cells may form a matrix and be arranged at predetermined intervals.
  • a plurality of cells arranged at predetermined intervals and an internal space for accommodating the coolant directly contacting the plurality of cells, at least a portion of the coolant according to the temperature rise of the cell
  • the pack case of the battery pack is provided with a venting valve for discharging the gas generated by the phase change of the outside.
  • a plurality of cells arranged at a predetermined interval and an internal space for accommodating a coolant in direct contact with the plurality of cells, at least part of the Provided is a pack case of a battery pack, comprising a Gore-Tex material capable of discharging gas generated by a phase change of a coolant to the outside.
  • the cooling efficiency can be improved.
  • the gas generated in the process of the phase change of the coolant can be discharged to the outside through the pack case to prevent the occurrence of additional events such as internal pressure rise.
  • FIG. 1 is an exploded perspective view of a battery pack according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 2 is a cross sectional view of FIG. 1.
  • FIG. 1 is an exploded perspective view of a battery pack according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention
  • Figure 2 is a cross-sectional view of the combination of FIG.
  • a battery pack directly contacts the cell 100 together with the plurality of cells 100 arranged at a predetermined interval and the plurality of cells 100. It includes a pack case 110 for receiving the coolant (1) introduced to.
  • Each cell 100 is preferably constituted by a pouch type secondary battery, and each is sealed to prevent water from penetrating therein.
  • the plurality of cells 100 are arranged to form a matrix pattern at predetermined intervals inside the pack case 110 so as to minimize the influence on the adjacent cells 100 when an event due to overcharge, high temperature, physical shock, or the like occurs.
  • the pack case 110 may be formed in various forms as a portion that wraps and supports the plurality of cells 100. In order to accommodate a plurality of cells 100 while efficiently utilizing a limited space, the pack case 110 preferably has a rectangular or square body.
  • the pack case 110 includes a case body 110a having a bottom surface capable of supporting a plurality of cells 100, and an upper cover 110b tightly coupled to the case body 110a in a watertight manner. .
  • a sealing member such as an O-ring is interposed between the case body 110a and the upper cover 110b to form a watertight seal or a fusion portion is formed.
  • the inner space 112 of the case main body 110a is partitioned by the partition wall 111 so that each cell 100 can be individually stored.
  • a plurality of cells 100 may be arranged in a stacked form.
  • the height of the space surrounded by the partition wall 111 is preferably designed to be larger than the height (thickness) of the cell 100 so as to secure a space in which the coolant 1 may be filled.
  • the partition wall 111 may also provide a function of providing rigidity to the case body 110a.
  • the upper cover 110b is preferably provided with a lattice rib structure 116 for imparting rigidity.
  • the grid-shaped rib structure 116 serves to maintain the shape of the upper cover 110b.
  • the lattice rib structure 116 is preferably made of a pattern corresponding to the partition formed in the lattice form on the case body (110a).
  • One side of the pack case 110 is provided with a coolant inlet tube 113 communicating with the inner space 112, and the other side is provided with a coolant outlet tube 114 communicating with the inner space 112.
  • This configuration provides a function to circulate the coolant 1 inside the pack case 110. That is, the coolant 1 introduced into the internal space 112 of the pack case 110 through the coolant inlet tube 113 directly contacts the cell 100 to provide a cooling function and provides a coolant outlet tube 114. After discharged to the outside through the cooling can be circulated in a manner that is introduced into the coolant inlet pipe 113 again.
  • the pack case 110 may be completely sealed by sealing the edges by fusion or the like while the coolant 1 is introduced into the inner space 112.
  • the coolant 1 maintains the state contained in the pack case 110 and provides a cooling function by contacting the cell 100 in a non-circulating manner.
  • a vent valve 115 for discharging the gas generated by the phase change to the outside of the pack case 110 while blocking the outflow of the coolant 1 in the upper cover 110b. is installed.
  • Gore-Tex material that can be ejected.
  • the cell 100 disposed in the inner space of the pack case 110 has an operating temperature of 80 ° C. or lower at a normal state. However, when an event occurs due to factors such as overcharge, high temperature, and physical shock, the temperature may be about 200 ° C. Rises. In consideration of this point, it is preferable that a cooling water or insulating oil having a boiling point of 150 ° C. or more is introduced into the cooling liquid 1 flowing into the inner space of the pack case 110.
  • the cooling liquid 1 introduced into the inner space of the pack case 110 is directly in contact with the plurality of cells 100 to cool the heat generated in the cell 100 through circulation or latent heat of the cooling liquid 1. Let's do it.
  • the temperature of the cell 100 is excessively increased by causing the coolant 1 to undergo a phase change from the liquid state to the gas state due to the temperature increase of the cell 100. prevent.
  • the temperature is adjusted so that the battery cell 100 may be cooled so that the battery cell 100 is lower than or equal to the event occurrence temperature, thereby avoiding an event situation. Since the gas generated by the phase change is discharged to the outside through the venting valve 115 or the gore-tex material provided in the pack case 110, an additional event such as an internal pressure increase of the pack case 110 may be prevented. .
  • the temperature rise of the cell is suppressed by the phase change of the coolant in direct contact with the cell when an event occurs in the battery cell, thereby improving the cooling efficiency of the battery pack.

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Electrochemistry (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Secondary Cells (AREA)
  • Battery Mounting, Suspending (AREA)

Abstract

The present invention provides a battery pack comprising: a plurality of cells arranged with a predetermined gap therebetween; a pack case having an inner space capable of receiving the plurality of cells; and a cooling liquid which is introduced into the inner space of the pack case to come into direct contact with the cell and then to undergo phase change from a liquid state to a gas state due to the temperature elevation of the cell.

Description

냉각 구조가 개선된 배터리 팩Battery pack with improved cooling structure
본 출원은 2016년 8월 10일에 출원된 한국특허출원 제10-2016-0101935호에 기초한 우선권을 주장하며, 해당 출원의 명세서 및 도면에 개시된 모든 내용은 본 출원에 원용된다.This application claims priority based on Korean Patent Application No. 10-2016-0101935 filed on August 10, 2016, and all the contents disclosed in the specification and drawings of the application are incorporated in this application.
본 발명은 냉각액이 사용되는 배터리 팩에 관한 것으로서, 더욱 상세하게는 셀을 수용하는 케이스 내부에 냉각액을 공급하여 셀의 온도 상승을 방지하는 구조를 가진 배터리 팩에 관한 것이다.The present invention relates to a battery pack in which a coolant is used, and more particularly, to a battery pack having a structure that prevents a temperature increase of a cell by supplying a coolant to a case accommodating a cell.
리튬 이차전지는 여러 개의 단위 셀들이 묶여서 하나의 팩으로 이루어짐으로써 자동차 배터리나 전력저장장치 등과 같이 고에너지를 필요로 하는 분야에 널리 적용된다.Lithium secondary batteries are widely applied to fields requiring high energy, such as automobile batteries or power storage devices, because a plurality of unit cells are bundled into one pack.
그런데, 여러개의 단위 셀들로 이루어진 배터리 팩은 과충전 시 발열과 함께 스웰링(Swelling)이 발생하여 모듈의 바깥 방향으로 볼록하게 팽창되는 변형이 발생하게 된다.However, a battery pack including a plurality of unit cells causes swelling with heat generation during overcharging and convex expansion occurs in the outward direction of the module.
상기와 같은 배터리 팩의 냉각을 위해 배터리 팩의 케이스 내부에는 냉각수를 흘려서 열교환이 이루어지도록 하는 냉각유로가 구비되는 것이 일반적이다. 이와 관련하여, 한국 공개특허공보 제2013-0064969호에는 다수개의 배터리 셀과 방열모듈이 서로 간에 밀착된 상태로 열교환됨으로써 열교환 효율이 향상되고 배터리 셀의 안정적인 방열이 이루어지는 배터리 셀의 방열 유닛이 개시되어 있다.In order to cool the battery pack as described above, a cooling passage is generally provided inside the case of the battery pack to allow heat exchange to flow through the cooling water. In this regard, Korean Patent Laid-Open Publication No. 2013-0064969 discloses a heat dissipation unit of a battery cell in which heat exchange efficiency is improved and stable heat dissipation of a battery cell is achieved by exchanging a plurality of battery cells and a heat dissipation module in close contact with each other. have.
또한, 한국 공개특허공보 제2013-0105653호에는 냉각수를 균일하고도 잘 분산시키는 방식으로 전달하는 흐름 경로를 가능하도록 하는 구조를 가진 것으로서, 냉각수의 흐름 방향의 변경이 가능한 전방 및 후방 커버의 고무 시트들로 구성되어, 냉각수가 어레이 전체에 걸쳐서 흐르도록 하기 위한 경로를 제공하는 전력 배터리 팩 냉각 장치가 개시되어 있다.In addition, Korean Patent Laid-Open Publication No. 2013-0105653 has a structure to enable a flow path for delivering the coolant in a uniform and well-dispersed manner, and the rubber sheet of the front and rear cover to change the flow direction of the coolant Is disclosed, wherein a power battery pack cooling device is provided that provides a path for cooling water to flow throughout the array.
하지만, 종래의 배터리 냉각장치는 내부 구조가 복잡할 뿐만 아니라, 냉각관이나 냉각덕트를 경유하여 냉각수가 공급되는 구조상, 배터리 셀의 이벤트 발생 상황, 즉 과충전 등과 같은 요인에 의해 배터리 셀의 온도가 특정 온도 이상으로 과도하게 상승하는 상황이 발생했을 때 냉각 성능이 좋지 못한 취약점이 있다.However, in the conventional battery cooler, not only the internal structure is complicated, but also the coolant is supplied through a cooling tube or a cooling duct, and thus the temperature of the battery cell is determined by factors such as an event occurrence of the battery cell, that is, overcharge. There is a vulnerability that results in poor cooling performance when an excessive rise in temperature occurs.
본 발명은 상기와 같은 문제점을 고려하여 창안된 것으로서, 냉각액의 상변화를 이용하여 냉각 효율을 향상시키는 구조를 가진 배터리 팩을 제공하는 데 그 목적이 있다.The present invention has been made in view of the above problems, and an object thereof is to provide a battery pack having a structure for improving cooling efficiency by using a phase change of a cooling liquid.
본 발명의 다른 목적은 상변화에 의해 발생하는 냉각 기체를 외부로 원활하게 배출할 수 있는 구조를 가진 배터리 팩을 제공하는 데 있다.Another object of the present invention is to provide a battery pack having a structure that can smoothly discharge the cooling gas generated by the phase change to the outside.
상기와 같은 목적을 달성하기 위해 본 발명은 정해진 간격으로 배열된 복수개의 셀; 상기 복수개의 셀을 수용할 수 있는 내부공간을 구비한 팩 케이스; 및 상기 팩 케이스의 내부공간에 유입되어 상기 셀과 직접적으로 접촉하고, 상기 셀의 온도 상승에 의해 액체 상태에서 기체 상태로 상변화를 일으키는 냉각액;을 포함하는 배터리 팩을 제공한다.The present invention to achieve the above object is a plurality of cells arranged at a predetermined interval; A pack case having an inner space for accommodating the plurality of cells; And a coolant flowing into an inner space of the pack case and in direct contact with the cell and causing a phase change from a liquid state to a gas state by an increase in temperature of the cell.
상기 팩 케이스는 상기 복수개의 셀을 지지할 수 있는 바닥면을 구비한 케이스 본체와, 상기 케이스 본체에 수밀 가능하게 결합되는 상부커버를 구비할 수 있다.The pack case may include a case body having a bottom surface capable of supporting the plurality of cells, and an upper cover which is tightly coupled to the case body.
상기 각형 케이스부 및 상기 커버부 중 적어도 어느 하나에는 강성을 부여하기 위한 격자형 리브 구조가 형성될 수 있다.At least one of the rectangular case portion and the cover portion may be formed with a lattice rib structure for imparting rigidity.
상기 팩 케이스의 일측에는 상기 내부공간과 연통되는 냉각액 유입관이 마련되고, 타측에는 상기 내부공간과 연통되는 냉각액 유출관이 마련될 수 있다.One side of the pack case may be provided with a coolant inlet pipe communicating with the inner space, the other side may be provided with a coolant outlet pipe communicating with the inner space.
상기 팩 케이스는 상기 냉각액이 유입된 상태에서 밀봉될 수 있다.The pack case may be sealed while the coolant is introduced.
상기 팩 케이스에는 상기 상변화에 의해 발생된 기체를 상기 팩 케이스의 외부로 배출하기 위한 벤팅 밸브가 설치될 수 있다.The pack case may be provided with a venting valve for discharging the gas generated by the phase change to the outside of the pack case.
상기 팩 케이스의 적어도 일부는 상기 상변화에 의해 발생된 기체를 상기 팩 케이스의 외부로 배출할 수 있는 고어텍스 소재로 이루어지는 것도 가능하다.At least a part of the pack case may be made of a Gore-tex material that can discharge the gas generated by the phase change to the outside of the pack case.
상기 냉각액으로는 끓는점이 150℃ 이상인 냉각수 또는 절연유가 유입될 수 있다.As the cooling liquid, cooling water or insulating oil having a boiling point of 150 ° C. or more may be introduced.
상기 복수개의 셀은 행렬을 이루며 정해진 간격을 두고 배열될 수 있다.The plurality of cells may form a matrix and be arranged at predetermined intervals.
본 발명의 다른 측면에 따르면, 정해진 간격으로 배열된 복수개의 셀과 상기 복수개의 셀에 직접적으로 접촉하는 냉각액을 수용할 수 있는 내부공간을 구비하고, 적어도 일부에는 상기 셀의 온도 상승에 따른 상기 냉각액의 상변화에 의해 발생된 기체를 외부로 배출하기 위한 벤팅 밸브를 구비한 것을 특징으로 하는 배터리 팩의 팩 케이스가 제공된다.According to another aspect of the present invention, there is provided a plurality of cells arranged at predetermined intervals and an internal space for accommodating the coolant directly contacting the plurality of cells, at least a portion of the coolant according to the temperature rise of the cell The pack case of the battery pack is provided with a venting valve for discharging the gas generated by the phase change of the outside.
본 발명의 또 다른 측면에 따르면, 정해진 간격으로 배열된 복수개의 셀과 상기 복수개의 셀에 직접적으로 접촉하는 냉각액을 수용할 수 있는 내부공간을 구비하고, 적어도 일부는 상기 셀의 온도 상승에 따른 상기 냉각액의 상변화에 의해 발생된 기체를 외부로 배출할 수 있는 고어텍스 소재로 이루어진 것을 특징으로 하는 배터리 팩의 팩 케이스가 제공된다.According to another aspect of the present invention, there is provided a plurality of cells arranged at a predetermined interval and an internal space for accommodating a coolant in direct contact with the plurality of cells, at least part of the Provided is a pack case of a battery pack, comprising a Gore-Tex material capable of discharging gas generated by a phase change of a coolant to the outside.
본 발명에 따르면 배터리 셀의 이벤트 발생 시 셀과 직접적으로 접촉하고 있는 냉각액의 상변화에 의해 셀의 온도 상승이 억제되므로 냉각 효율을 향상시킬 수 있다.According to the present invention, since the temperature rise of the cell is suppressed by the phase change of the coolant in direct contact with the cell when an event of the battery cell occurs, the cooling efficiency can be improved.
또한, 냉각액의 상변화 과정에서 발생하는 기체는 팩 케이스를 통해 외부로 배출시킬 수 있으므로 내부압력 상승 등과 같은 추가적인 이벤트 발생을 방지할 수 있다.In addition, the gas generated in the process of the phase change of the coolant can be discharged to the outside through the pack case to prevent the occurrence of additional events such as internal pressure rise.
본 명세서에 첨부되는 다음의 도면들은 본 발명의 바람직한 실시예를 예시하는 것이며, 후술되는 발명의 상세한 설명과 함께 본 발명의 기술사상을 더욱 이해시키는 역할을 하는 것이므로, 본 발명은 그러한 도면에 기재된 사항에만 한정되어 해석되어서는 아니된다.The following drawings attached to this specification are illustrative of the preferred embodiments of the present invention, and together with the detailed description of the invention to serve to further understand the technical spirit of the present invention, the present invention is a matter described in such drawings It should not be construed as limited to.
도 1은 본 발명의 바람직한 실시예에 따른 배터리 팩의 분리 사시도이다.1 is an exploded perspective view of a battery pack according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention.
도 2는 도 1의 결합 단면도이다.2 is a cross sectional view of FIG. 1.
도 1은 본 발명의 바람직한 실시예에 따른 배터리 팩의 분리 사시도이며, 도 2는 도 1의 결합 단면도이다.1 is an exploded perspective view of a battery pack according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention, Figure 2 is a cross-sectional view of the combination of FIG.
도 1 및 도 2를 참조하면, 본 발명의 바람직한 실시예에 따른 배터리 팩은 정해진 간격으로 배열된 복수개의 셀(100)과, 복수개의 셀(100)과 함께 상기 셀(100)에 직접적으로 접촉하도록 유입된 냉각액(1)을 수용하는 팩 케이스(110)를 포함한다.1 and 2, a battery pack according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention directly contacts the cell 100 together with the plurality of cells 100 arranged at a predetermined interval and the plurality of cells 100. It includes a pack case 110 for receiving the coolant (1) introduced to.
각각의 셀(100)은 바람직하게 파우치형 이차전지에 의해 구성되고, 각각은 물기가 내부로 침투하지 못하도록 실링처리 되어 있다. 복수개의 셀(100)은 과충전, 고온, 물리적 충격 등에 기인한 이벤트 발생시 인접한 셀(100)에 대한 영향을 최소화하도록 팩 케이스(110)의 내부에서 정해진 간격을 두고 행렬 패턴을 이루도록 배열된다.Each cell 100 is preferably constituted by a pouch type secondary battery, and each is sealed to prevent water from penetrating therein. The plurality of cells 100 are arranged to form a matrix pattern at predetermined intervals inside the pack case 110 so as to minimize the influence on the adjacent cells 100 when an event due to overcharge, high temperature, physical shock, or the like occurs.
팩 케이스(110)는 복수개의 셀(100)을 감싸서 지지하는 부분으로서 다양한 형태로 구성될 수 있다. 한정된 공간을 효율적으로 활용하면서 복수개의 셀(100)을 수용하기 위해 팩 케이스(110)는 장방형 혹은 정방형 몸체를 갖는 것이 바람직하다.The pack case 110 may be formed in various forms as a portion that wraps and supports the plurality of cells 100. In order to accommodate a plurality of cells 100 while efficiently utilizing a limited space, the pack case 110 preferably has a rectangular or square body.
팩 케이스(110)는 복수개의 셀(100)을 지지할 수 있는 바닥면을 구비한 케이스 본체(110a)와, 상기 케이스 본체(110a)에 수밀 가능하게 긴밀히 결합되는 상부커버(110b)를 구비한다. 수밀 가능한 결합을 위해 케이스 본체(110a)와 상부커버(110b) 사이에는 오링(O-ring)과 같은 실링부재가 개재되거나 융착부가 형성된다.The pack case 110 includes a case body 110a having a bottom surface capable of supporting a plurality of cells 100, and an upper cover 110b tightly coupled to the case body 110a in a watertight manner. . A sealing member such as an O-ring is interposed between the case body 110a and the upper cover 110b to form a watertight seal or a fusion portion is formed.
케이스 본체(110a)의 내부공간(112)은 각각의 셀(100)을 개별적으로 수납할 수 있도록 격벽(111)에 의해 구획되어 있다. 각각의 구획된 공간에는 복수개의 셀(100)이 적층형으로 배치될 수 있다.The inner space 112 of the case main body 110a is partitioned by the partition wall 111 so that each cell 100 can be individually stored. In each partitioned space, a plurality of cells 100 may be arranged in a stacked form.
냉각액(1)이 채워질 수 있는 공간이 확보되도록 격벽(111)에 의해 둘러싸인 공간의 높이는 셀(100)의 높이(두께)보다 크게 설계되는 것이 바람직하다. 여기서, 격벽(111)은 케이스 본체(110a)에 강성을 부여하는 기능도 제공할 수 있다.The height of the space surrounded by the partition wall 111 is preferably designed to be larger than the height (thickness) of the cell 100 so as to secure a space in which the coolant 1 may be filled. Here, the partition wall 111 may also provide a function of providing rigidity to the case body 110a.
상부커버(110b)에는 강성을 부여하기 위한 격자형 리브 구조(116)가 별도로 마련되는 것이 바람직하다. 특히, 상부커버(110b)의 일부가 고어텍스(Gore-tex) 소재로 이루어지는 경우 격자형 리브 구조(116)는 상부커버(110b)의 형상을 유지하는 작용을 하게 된다. 이를 위해, 격자형 리브 구조(116)는 케이스 본체(110a)에 격자형으로 형성되어 있는 격벽과 대응하는 패턴으로 이루어지는 것이 바람직하다.The upper cover 110b is preferably provided with a lattice rib structure 116 for imparting rigidity. In particular, when a portion of the upper cover 110b is made of a Gore-tex material, the grid-shaped rib structure 116 serves to maintain the shape of the upper cover 110b. To this end, the lattice rib structure 116 is preferably made of a pattern corresponding to the partition formed in the lattice form on the case body (110a).
팩 케이스(110)의 일측에는 내부공간(112)과 연통되는 냉각액 유입관(113)이 마련되고, 타측에는 내부공간(112)과 연통되는 냉각액 유출관(114)이 마련된다. 이러한 구성은 냉각액(1)을 팩 케이스(110) 내부에서 순환시킬 수 있는 기능을 제공한다. 즉, 냉각액 유입관(113)을 통해 팩 케이스(110)의 내부공간(112)에 유입된 냉각액(1)은 셀(100)과 직접적으로 접촉하여 냉각 기능을 제공하고 냉각액 유출관(114)을 통해 외부로 배출되어 냉각된 후 다시 냉각액 유입관(113)으로 유입되는 방식으로 순환될 수 있다.One side of the pack case 110 is provided with a coolant inlet tube 113 communicating with the inner space 112, and the other side is provided with a coolant outlet tube 114 communicating with the inner space 112. This configuration provides a function to circulate the coolant 1 inside the pack case 110. That is, the coolant 1 introduced into the internal space 112 of the pack case 110 through the coolant inlet tube 113 directly contacts the cell 100 to provide a cooling function and provides a coolant outlet tube 114. After discharged to the outside through the cooling can be circulated in a manner that is introduced into the coolant inlet pipe 113 again.
대안으로, 팩 케이스(110)는 내부공간(112)에 냉각액(1)이 유입된 상태에서 가장자리가 융착 등에 의해 실링되어 완전히 밀봉처리되는 것도 가능하다. 이 경우 냉각액(1)은 팩 케이스(110) 내에 담긴 상태를 유지하며 비순환 방식으로 셀(100)과 접촉하여 냉각 기능을 제공한다.Alternatively, the pack case 110 may be completely sealed by sealing the edges by fusion or the like while the coolant 1 is introduced into the inner space 112. In this case, the coolant 1 maintains the state contained in the pack case 110 and provides a cooling function by contacting the cell 100 in a non-circulating manner.
팩 케이스(110)에 있어서, 예컨대 상부커버(110b)에는 냉각액(1)의 유출을 차단하면서도 상기 상변화에 의해 발생된 기체를 상기 팩 케이스(110)의 외부로 배출하기 위한 벤팅 밸브(115)가 설치된다. 대안으로, 팩 케이스(110)의 적어도 일부, 바람직하게 상부커버(110b)의 적어도 일부는 냉각액(1)의 유출을 차단하면서도 상기 상변화에 의해 발생된 기체를 상기 팩 케이스(110)의 외부로 배출할 수 있는 고어텍스 소재로 이루어지는 것도 가능하다.In the pack case 110, for example, a vent valve 115 for discharging the gas generated by the phase change to the outside of the pack case 110 while blocking the outflow of the coolant 1 in the upper cover 110b. Is installed. Alternatively, at least a portion of the pack case 110, preferably at least a portion of the upper cover 110b, blocks the outflow of the coolant 1 while transferring gas generated by the phase change to the outside of the pack case 110. It is also possible to use a Gore-Tex material that can be ejected.
팩 케이스(110)의 내부공간에 배치된 셀(100)은 통상적으로 정상 상태 시 작동온도가 80℃ 이하이지만, 과충전, 고온, 물리적 충격 등의 요인에 의해 이벤트가 발생할 경우에는 약 200℃까지도 온도가 상승한다. 이러한 점을 고려할 때, 팩 케이스(110)의 내부공간에 유입되는 냉각액(1)으로는 끓는점(Boiling point)이 150℃ 이상인 냉각수 또는 절연유가 유입되는 것이 바람직하다.The cell 100 disposed in the inner space of the pack case 110 has an operating temperature of 80 ° C. or lower at a normal state. However, when an event occurs due to factors such as overcharge, high temperature, and physical shock, the temperature may be about 200 ° C. Rises. In consideration of this point, it is preferable that a cooling water or insulating oil having a boiling point of 150 ° C. or more is introduced into the cooling liquid 1 flowing into the inner space of the pack case 110.
팩 케이스(110)의 내부공간에 유입되어 채워진 냉각액(1)은 직접적으로 복수개의 셀(100)과 직접적으로 접촉하여 셀(100)에서 발생하는 열을 냉각액(1)의 순환 또는 잠열을 통해 냉각시킨다.The cooling liquid 1 introduced into the inner space of the pack case 110 is directly in contact with the plurality of cells 100 to cool the heat generated in the cell 100 through circulation or latent heat of the cooling liquid 1. Let's do it.
배터리 셀(100)에 과충전 등과 같은 이벤트 발생 시에는 셀(100)의 온도 상승에 의해 냉각액(1)은 액체 상태로부터 기체 상태로 상변화를 일으킴으로써 셀(100)의 온도가 과도하게 상승하는 것을 방지한다.When an event such as overcharging occurs in the battery cell 100, the temperature of the cell 100 is excessively increased by causing the coolant 1 to undergo a phase change from the liquid state to the gas state due to the temperature increase of the cell 100. prevent.
냉각액(1)을 기화시키는 상변화가 발생하면 배터리 셀(100)이 이벤트 발생온도 이하가 되도록 냉각 작용이 일어나서 이벤트 상황이 되지 않도록 온도를 조절하게 된다. 상변화에 따라 발생된 기체는 팩 케이스(110)에 마련된 벤팅 밸브(115)나 고어텍스 소재를 통과하여 외부로 배출되므로 팩 케이스(110)의 내부압력 상승과 같은 추가적인 이벤트 발생이 방지될 수 있다.When the phase change to vaporize the coolant 1 occurs, the temperature is adjusted so that the battery cell 100 may be cooled so that the battery cell 100 is lower than or equal to the event occurrence temperature, thereby avoiding an event situation. Since the gas generated by the phase change is discharged to the outside through the venting valve 115 or the gore-tex material provided in the pack case 110, an additional event such as an internal pressure increase of the pack case 110 may be prevented. .
본 발명을 적용할 경우 배터리 셀의 이벤트 발생 시 셀과 직접적으로 접촉하고 있는 냉각액의 상변화에 의해 셀의 온도 상승이 억제되어 배터리 팩에 대한 냉각 효율을 향상시킬 수 있다.When the present invention is applied, the temperature rise of the cell is suppressed by the phase change of the coolant in direct contact with the cell when an event occurs in the battery cell, thereby improving the cooling efficiency of the battery pack.

Claims (11)

  1. 정해진 간격으로 배열된 복수개의 셀;A plurality of cells arranged at predetermined intervals;
    상기 복수개의 셀을 수용할 수 있는 내부공간을 구비한 팩 케이스; 및A pack case having an inner space for accommodating the plurality of cells; And
    상기 팩 케이스의 내부공간에 유입되어 상기 셀과 직접적으로 접촉하고, 상기 셀의 온도 상승에 의해 액체 상태에서 기체 상태로 상변화를 일으키는 냉각액;을 포함하는 배터리 팩.And a coolant flowing into an inner space of the pack case and in direct contact with the cell and causing a phase change from a liquid state to a gas state by a temperature increase of the cell.
  2. 제1항에 있어서,The method of claim 1,
    상기 팩 케이스는 상기 복수개의 셀을 지지할 수 있는 바닥면을 구비한 케이스 본체와, 상기 케이스 본체에 수밀 가능하게 결합되는 상부커버를 구비한 것을 특징으로 하는 배터리 팩.The pack case includes a case body having a bottom surface capable of supporting the plurality of cells, and a top cover which is tightly coupled to the case body.
  3. 제2항에 있어서,The method of claim 2,
    상기 케이스 본체와 상기 상부커버 중 적어도 어느 하나에는 강성을 부여하기 위한 격자형 리브 구조가 형성된 것을 특징으로 하는 배터리 팩.At least one of the case body and the upper cover is a battery pack, characterized in that a grid-like rib structure for imparting rigidity.
  4. 제2항에 있어서,The method of claim 2,
    상기 팩 케이스의 일측에는 상기 내부공간과 연통되는 냉각액 유입관이 마련되고, 타측에는 상기 내부공간과 연통되는 냉각액 유출관이 마련된 것을 특징으로 하는 배터리 팩.One side of the pack case is provided with a coolant inlet pipe communicating with the inner space, the other side is a battery pack, characterized in that the coolant outlet pipe is provided in communication with the inner space.
  5. 제1항에 있어서,The method of claim 1,
    상기 팩 케이스는 상기 냉각액이 유입된 상태에서 밀봉된 것을 특징으로 하는 배터리 팩.The pack case is characterized in that the battery pack is sealed in the state in which the coolant flowed.
  6. 제4항 또는 제5항에 있어서,The method according to claim 4 or 5,
    상기 팩 케이스에는 상기 상변화에 의해 발생된 기체를 상기 팩 케이스의 외부로 배출하기 위한 벤팅 밸브가 설치된 것을 특징으로 하는 배터리 팩.The pack case is a battery pack, characterized in that the vent valve for discharging the gas generated by the phase change to the outside of the pack case is installed.
  7. 제4항 또는 제5항에 있어서,The method according to claim 4 or 5,
    상기 팩 케이스의 적어도 일부는 상기 상변화에 의해 발생된 기체를 상기 팩 케이스의 외부로 배출할 수 있는 고어텍스 소재로 이루어진 것을 특징으로 하는 배터리 팩.At least a part of the pack case is a battery pack, characterized in that made of gore-tex material that can discharge the gas generated by the phase change to the outside of the pack case.
  8. 제1항에 있어서,The method of claim 1,
    상기 냉각액으로는 끓는점이 150℃ 이상인 냉각수 또는 절연유가 유입된 것을 특징으로 하는 배터리 팩.The battery pack, characterized in that the cooling water or the cooling oil having a boiling point of more than 150 ℃ flowed into the cooling liquid.
  9. 제1항에 있어서,The method of claim 1,
    상기 복수개의 셀은 행렬을 이루며 정해진 간격을 두고 배열된 것을 특징으로 하는 배터리 팩.And a plurality of cells arranged in a matrix at predetermined intervals.
  10. 배터리 팩의 팩 케이스에 있어서,In the pack case of the battery pack,
    정해진 간격으로 배열된 복수개의 셀과 상기 복수개의 셀에 직접적으로 접촉하는 냉각액을 수용할 수 있는 내부공간을 구비하고,It is provided with a plurality of cells arranged at a predetermined interval and an internal space for accommodating the coolant in direct contact with the plurality of cells,
    적어도 일부에는 상기 셀의 온도 상승에 따른 상기 냉각액의 상변화에 의해 발생된 기체를 외부로 배출하기 위한 벤팅 밸브를 구비한 것을 특징으로 하는 배터리 팩의 팩 케이스.At least a part of the battery pack pack case, characterized in that the vent valve for discharging the gas generated by the phase change of the cooling liquid with the rise of the temperature of the cell to the outside.
  11. 배터리 팩의 팩 케이스에 있어서,In the pack case of the battery pack,
    정해진 간격으로 배열된 복수개의 셀과 상기 복수개의 셀에 직접적으로 접촉하는 냉각액을 수용할 수 있는 내부공간을 구비하고,It is provided with a plurality of cells arranged at a predetermined interval and an internal space for accommodating the coolant in direct contact with the plurality of cells,
    적어도 일부는 상기 셀의 온도 상승에 따른 상기 냉각액의 상변화에 의해 발생된 기체를 외부로 배출할 수 있는 고어텍스 소재로 이루어진 것을 특징으로 하는 배터리 팩의 팩 케이스.At least a part of the pack case of the battery pack, characterized in that made of Gore-Tex material that can discharge the gas generated by the phase change of the cooling liquid with the temperature rise of the cell to the outside.
PCT/KR2017/008703 2016-08-10 2017-08-10 Battery pack having improved cooling structure WO2018030821A1 (en)

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KR1020160101935A KR102075101B1 (en) 2016-08-10 2016-08-10 Battery pack improved in cooling structure

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