WO2018028101A1 - 紧凑型激励地板正交辐射的高隔离度天线及其mimo通信系统 - Google Patents

紧凑型激励地板正交辐射的高隔离度天线及其mimo通信系统 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2018028101A1
WO2018028101A1 PCT/CN2016/108795 CN2016108795W WO2018028101A1 WO 2018028101 A1 WO2018028101 A1 WO 2018028101A1 CN 2016108795 W CN2016108795 W CN 2016108795W WO 2018028101 A1 WO2018028101 A1 WO 2018028101A1
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branch
floor
antenna
frequency
symmetric
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PCT/CN2016/108795
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English (en)
French (fr)
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徐利军
胡沥
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上海安费诺永亿通讯电子有限公司
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Priority claimed from CN201610666575.6A external-priority patent/CN106058456B/zh
Application filed by 上海安费诺永亿通讯电子有限公司 filed Critical 上海安费诺永亿通讯电子有限公司
Publication of WO2018028101A1 publication Critical patent/WO2018028101A1/zh

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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
    • H01Q1/36—Structural form of radiating elements, e.g. cone, spiral, umbrella; Particular materials used therewith
    • H01Q1/38—Structural form of radiating elements, e.g. cone, spiral, umbrella; Particular materials used therewith formed by a conductive layer on an insulating support

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  • the invention relates to a mobile terminal device antenna technology, in particular to a compact high-isolation antenna for exciting floor orthogonal radiation and a MIMO (Multiple-Input Multiple-Output) communication system.
  • MIMO Multiple-Input Multiple-Output
  • MIMO MIMO technology refers to adopting more in the wireless channel.
  • the antennas can transmit and receive, and the capacity of the communication system can be doubled without increasing the bandwidth.
  • the technical bottleneck of the multi-antenna system is that the coupling effect between the antennas causes a large correlation between the output signals of many antennas. , seriously interfere with the transmission of wireless signals. In order to reduce the correlation between signals, it is necessary to find ways to improve the isolation between the antennas in the MIMO system.
  • the easiest way to solve the coupling effect between antennas is to increase the distance between the antennas.
  • the current wireless terminal system has limited space, and the coupling problem is more serious as the number of antennas increases.
  • the invention provides a high-isolation antenna with compact excitation floor orthogonal radiation and a MIMO communication system thereof, which can realize high isolation dual-frequency coverage in a very limited space by utilizing current orthogonality, and the isolation degree can reach 25dB. the above.
  • the present invention provides a high isolation day for compact excitation floor orthogonal radiation.
  • Line including:
  • a loop antenna radiating antenna disposed on the clearance area of the PCB floor and connected to the non-cleaning area of the PCB floor, wherein the two branches of the loop radiating antenna excite the PCB floor radiation to form two resonant circuits;
  • a symmetric monopole antenna disposed above the clearance area of the PCB floor, including a feed line, a low frequency symmetric branch and a high frequency symmetric branch, wherein the low frequency symmetric branch and the high frequency symmetric branch are connected to the PCB floor through a feeder a clearance area, wherein the low frequency symmetric branch and the high frequency symmetric branch excite the PCB floor radiation to form two resonant paths;
  • the loop radiated antenna and the symmetric monopole antenna excite the current generated by the PCB floor in each frequency band to be orthogonal.
  • the low frequency symmetric branch and the high frequency symmetric branch of the symmetric monopole antenna are located on the same side or the opposite side of the feed line, and one end of the feed line is connected to the symmetric line and the high frequency symmetric branch of the low frequency symmetric branch.
  • the symmetry line and the other end are connected to the non-clearing area of the PCB floor.
  • the symmetric sides of the low-frequency symmetric branches are equal in length and have the same shape; the symmetric sides of the high-frequency symmetric branches are equal in length and have the same shape.
  • the low frequency symmetric branch includes two U-shaped metal sheets opposite to each other, and the openings of the two U-shaped metal sheets are connected to one side, and the high frequency symmetric branch includes two straight metal pieces, and One end of two straight metal pieces is connected;
  • the low-frequency symmetrical branch includes two straight metal pieces, and one end of the two straight metal pieces are connected
  • the high-frequency symmetrical branch includes two U-shaped metal sheets with opposite openings, and one side of the opening of the two U-shaped metal pieces Connected
  • the low frequency symmetric branch and the high frequency symmetric branch each include two straight metal pieces, and one ends of the two straight metal pieces are connected;
  • the low frequency symmetric branch and the high frequency symmetric branch are each formed by a U-shaped metal piece including two openings, and the openings of the two U-shaped metal pieces are connected to one side.
  • the low frequency symmetrical branches and/or the high frequency symmetrical branches are formed by the connection of the free ends of the vertical ends of the two L-shaped metal sheets.
  • the symmetric monopole antenna is located directly above the clearance area of the PCB floor.
  • the PCB floor is a single-sided copper-clad dielectric board, and the copper is not covered in the clearance area.
  • the radiating antenna of the loop comprises:
  • a T-shaped conduction band branch comprising a first branch and a second branch constituting a lateral portion, and a third branch constituting a vertical portion, the first branch and the second branch extending to both sides of the third branch, and
  • the end of the first branch is connected to the non-scavenging area of the PCB floor through the first lumped capacitor;
  • the end of the second branch is connected to the non-scavenging area of the PCB floor through the second lumped capacitor;
  • a fourth branch one end connected to the third branch, the other end connected to the non-cleaning area of the PCB floor, and connected to the feed of the PCB floor non-cleaning area;
  • the fourth branch, the third branch, the first branch, the first lumped capacitor and the non-cleaning area of the PCB floor constitute a first resonant circuit
  • the fourth branch, the third branch, the second branch, and the second lumped The capacitor and the non-clearing area of the PCB floor constitute a second resonant circuit.
  • the loop radiating antenna further includes a fifth branch, one end of the fifth branch is connected to the end of the third branch, and the other end is connected to the PCB floor through the third lumped capacitor.
  • the fourth branch, the fifth branch, and the third lumped capacitor form a matching loop with the non-cleaning area of the PCB floor.
  • both the loop radiated antenna and the symmetric monopole antenna reduce or increase the respective branches to each form a single frequency resonance or a multi-frequency resonance.
  • the present invention also provides a MIMO communication system comprising the high-isolation antenna of the compact excitation floor orthogonal radiation of any of the preceding embodiments.
  • the present invention has the following beneficial effects compared with the prior art:
  • the two methods of excitation of the floor radiation current are just orthogonal, improve the isolation of the two antennas, in the wireless terminal
  • the high-isolation dual-frequency coverage can be realized in a very limited space by using the orthogonality of the current, and the isolation can be more than 25 dB, which can effectively improve the communication capacity of the MIMO communication system.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of a high-isolation antenna of a compact excitation floor orthogonal radiation according to an embodiment of the present invention
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a radiation antenna of a loop according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of a symmetric monopole antenna according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of return loss of a radiated antenna of a loop according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of return loss of a symmetric monopole antenna according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram showing the isolation of a radiated antenna and a symmetric monopole antenna in a loop according to an embodiment of the present invention
  • 10 and 11 are floor current distribution diagrams of a 2.45 GHz and 5.5 GHz frequency point of a symmetric monopole antenna according to an embodiment of the present invention
  • FIG. 12 is a schematic structural diagram of a symmetric monopole antenna according to another embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 13 is a schematic structural diagram of a symmetric monopole antenna according to still another embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 14 is a schematic structural view of a symmetric monopole antenna according to still another embodiment of the present invention.
  • the high-isolation antenna of the compact excitation floor orthogonal radiation of the embodiment includes: a PCB (Printed Circuit Board) floor 1, a loop antenna radiant antenna 2 and a symmetrical monopole. (Monopole) antenna 3.
  • the PCB floor 1 has a clearance area on one edge thereof, and the clearance area refers to a non-conductive material coverage area, and it is preferable that all of the clearance areas are non-clear areas.
  • the clearance area is large enough to accommodate the radiating antenna of the loop.
  • the shape of the PCB floor 1 may be a rectangle, a square, a polygon, or the like.
  • the shape of the clearance area may be a rectangle, a square, a polygon, or the like, and is not limited.
  • the loop radiating antenna 2 is disposed on the clearance area of the PCB floor 1 and is connected to the non-cleaning area of the PCB floor 1.
  • the two radiating circuits are excited by the two different branches to excite the PCB floor 1 to form two resonant circuits. That is, the loop radiating antenna 2 and the PCB floor 1 together form a resonant loop, and driven by two different frequency signals to achieve dual frequency resonance.
  • the symmetrical monopole antenna 3 is disposed above the clearance area of the PCB floor 1, and includes a feed line, a low frequency symmetrical branch, and a high frequency symmetrical branch.
  • the low-frequency symmetrical branch and the high-frequency symmetrical branch are connected to the non-cleaning area of the PCB floor 1 through the feed line.
  • the two floors of the low-frequency symmetrical branch and the high-frequency symmetrical branch are excited to form the two resonant paths. That is, the symmetric monopole antenna 3 is driven by the signal of the same frequency band as the radiation antenna 2 of the loop, and the same PCB floor 1 is excited to form a resonance path, and another dual-frequency resonance is realized at two frequency points.
  • the loop ground radiating antenna and the symmetric monopole antenna excite the current generated by the PCB floor in each frequency band to be orthogonal, and the loop ground radiating antenna 2, the symmetric monopole antenna 3 and the PCB floor 1 constitute a high isolation dual frequency antenna.
  • the radiated antenna 2 of the loop and the symmetric monopole antenna 3 respectively excite the PCB floor 1 to form a dual-frequency resonance, and the currents of the two antennas at the respective frequency resonances are exactly orthogonal to each other, and thus the isolation of the two antennas of the dual-frequency resonance Higher.
  • the specific structure of the radiated antenna 2 and the symmetrical monopole antenna 3 of the loop can be designed or adjusted as needed.
  • the radiating antenna 2 of the guaranteed loop is disposed on the surface of the clearance area of the PCB floor 1, and the excitation floor 1 forms a double-frequency resonance, and the symmetric monopole antenna 3 is disposed above the clearance area of the PCB floor 1, while exciting the floor 1 to form a dual frequency.
  • Resonance, and the resonant currents of the two antennas can be orthogonal. There is no direct contact between the radiated antenna 2 of the loop and the symmetric monopole antenna 3.
  • the radiated antenna of the loop may include: a T-shaped conduction band branch including a first branch 23 and a second branch 24 constituting a lateral portion, and a third branch 25 constituting a vertical portion,
  • the first branch 23 and the second branch 24 extend to both sides of the third branch 25, and the end of the first branch 23 is connected to the non-cleaning area of the PCB floor 1 through the first lumped capacitor 51; the end of the second branch 24 Connected to the non-scavenging area of the PCB floor 1 through the second lumped capacitor 52;
  • the fourth branch 21 is connected to the third branch 25 at one end and to the non-cleaning area of the PCB floor 1 at the other end, and is not connected to the PCB floor 1
  • the feed 4 is connected to the junction of the clearance zone.
  • the fourth branch 21, the third branch 25, the first branch 23, the first lumped capacitor 51 and the non-cleaning area of the PCB floor 1 constitute a first resonant circuit
  • the fourth branch 21, the third branch 25, and the second branch 24 constitute a second resonant circuit.
  • the first branch 23 and the second branch 24 are disposed along the outer side of the clearance area of the PCB floor 1, and the lines along the first branch 24 and the second branch 24 are both clearance areas.
  • the fourth branch 21 is connected to the non-clearing area of the PCB floor 1 on the left or right side of the third branch 25.
  • the loop radiating antenna further includes a fifth branch 22.
  • One end of the fifth branch 22 is connected to the end of the third branch 25, and the other end is connected to the non-scavenging area of the PCB floor 1 through the third lumped capacitor 53; the fourth branch 21, the fifth branch 22, and the third lumped capacitor 53 with PCB floor 1
  • the non-clearing area constitutes a matching loop.
  • connection structure of the fifth branch 22 and the fourth branch 21 preferably has a U-shaped structure.
  • the fifth branch 22 can be disposed along an extension of the third branch 25.
  • Adjusting the first lumped capacitor 51 and the fourth branch 21, the first branch 23, and the third branch 25 can tune the frequency to resonate in the first resonant frequency band. Adjusting the second lumped capacitor 52 and the fourth branch 21, the second branch 24, and the third branch 25 can tune the frequency to resonate in the second resonant frequency band.
  • the fourth branch 21, the fifth branch 22, and the third lumped capacitor 53 form a matching loop, and the third lumped capacitor 53 and the fourth branch 21 and the fifth branch 22 are adjusted to adjust the first resonant frequency band and the second resonant frequency band. Resonance depth.
  • the low-frequency symmetrical branch and the high-frequency symmetrical branch of the symmetrical monopole antenna 3 may be located on the same side or the opposite side of the feed line, and one end of the feed line is connected to the symmetry line of the low-frequency symmetrical branch and the symmetry line of the high-frequency symmetrical branch, and the other end is connected to the PCB floor.
  • Non-cleaning area may be located on the same side or the opposite side of the feed line, and one end of the feed line is connected to the symmetry line of the low-frequency symmetrical branch and the symmetry line of the high-frequency symmetrical branch, and the other end is connected to the PCB floor.
  • the low-frequency symmetrical branch includes two U-shaped metal sheets opposite to each other, and the openings of the two U-shaped metal sheets are connected to one side, and the high-frequency symmetrical branch includes two straight metal pieces, and one ends of the two straight metal pieces are connected;
  • a symmetric monopole antenna 3 is disposed above the clearance area, specifically above the radiating antenna 2 of the loop, and the low frequency symmetric branch 31 and the high frequency symmetric branch 32 are disposed on the feeder 33.
  • the low-frequency symmetrical branch 31 has two open U-shaped metal sheets, and the openings of the two U-shaped metal sheets are connected to one side;
  • the high-frequency symmetrical branch 32 includes two straight metal pieces, and one ends of the two straight metal pieces are connected.
  • the symmetry line of the low frequency symmetric branch 31 and the high frequency symmetric branch 32 is parallel to the third branch 25 of the radiation antenna of the loop.
  • the connection of the openings of the two U-shaped metal sheets on one side means that after the two U-shaped metal sheets are oppositely disposed, the same sides of the two openings are connected and the other side is not connected.
  • a symmetric monopole antenna 3b is disposed above the clearance area, specifically above the radiation antenna 2 of the loop, and the low frequency symmetric branch 31b and the high frequency symmetric branch 32b are disposed on the feeder line 33b. side.
  • the low-frequency symmetrical branch 31b has two open U-shaped metal sheets, and the openings of the two U-shaped metal sheets are connected to one side;
  • the high-frequency symmetrical branch 32b includes two straight metal pieces, and two One end of the straight metal piece is connected.
  • the symmetry line of the low frequency symmetric branch 31b and the high frequency symmetric branch 32b radiates parallel to the third branch 25 of the antenna 2 in a loop.
  • a symmetric monopole antenna 3c is disposed above the clearance area, specifically above the radiating antenna 2 of the loop, and the low frequency symmetric branch 31c and the high frequency symmetric branch 32c are disposed on the feeder line 33c. side.
  • the low-frequency symmetrical branch 31c may include two straight metal pieces, and one end of the two straight metal pieces is connected, and the high-frequency symmetrical branch 32c is composed of two U-shaped metal sheets opposite to each other, and the openings of the two U-shaped metal pieces are connected to one side.
  • the symmetry line of the low frequency symmetrical branch 31c and the high frequency symmetrical branch 32c radiates parallel to the third branch 25 of the antenna 2 in a loop.
  • a symmetric monopole antenna 3a is disposed above the clearance area, specifically above the radiation antenna 2 of the loop, and the low frequency symmetric branch 31a and the high frequency symmetric branch 32a are disposed on the feeder line 33a. side.
  • the low frequency symmetrical branch 31a and the high frequency symmetrical branch 32a each include two straight metal pieces, and one ends of the two straight metal pieces are connected.
  • the symmetry line of the low frequency symmetrical branch 31a and the high frequency symmetrical branch 32a radiates the third branch 25 of the antenna 2 parallel to the loop.
  • the low-frequency symmetrical branch and the high-frequency symmetrical branch may also have two U-shaped metal sheets opposite to each other, and the openings of the two U-shaped metal sheets are connected to one side.
  • the low frequency symmetric branch and/or the high frequency symmetric branch of the foregoing embodiment are replaced by a vertical free end connection of two L-shaped metal sheets.
  • the low frequency symmetric branch and the high frequency symmetric branch are connected at the point of the symmetry point and connected to the feeder.
  • the shape and shape of the symmetrical sides of the low-frequency symmetrical branch and the high-frequency symmetrical branch are not limited, and may be changed on the basis of the foregoing embodiment.
  • the U-shape may be replaced with a V-type, etc., as long as the symmetrical sides of the low-frequency symmetrical branch are ensured.
  • the equal length and shape are the same; the symmetrical sides of the high-frequency symmetrical branches are equal in length and the same shape.
  • the symmetric monopole antenna is located directly above the clearance area of the PCB floor.
  • the PCB floor may be a single-sided copper-clad dielectric board, and the copper is not covered in the clearance area.
  • the PCB bottom plate can also be a dielectric plate with a single surface covering other conductive layers, and the clearance area does not cover the other conductive layers.
  • the embodiment of the present invention is not limited to a dual-frequency antenna, and may also form a single frequency or multiple antennas. Both the radiated antenna of the loop and the symmetric monopole antenna reduce or increase the corresponding branches, thereby forming single-frequency resonance or multi-frequency resonance. The number, structure and position of the corresponding branches can be reduced or increased according to actual needs, and the specifics are not limited.
  • a high isolation dual frequency antenna is designed according to an embodiment of the invention.
  • the loop antenna radiates the return loss of the antenna with a return loss of -4.5 dB as the reference point, the low frequency bandwidth covers 2300 MHz to 2500 MHz, and the high frequency covers 5120 MHz to 5860 MHz.
  • the symmetrical monopole antenna return loss is referenced to a return loss of -5 dB, the low frequency bandwidth covers 2320 MHz to 2500 MHz, and the high frequency covers 5000 MHz to 5960 MHz.
  • the isolation between the two antennas in the low frequency range of 2320MHz to 2500MHz, the isolation can reach more than 25dB, in the high frequency range of 5000MHz to 5960MHz, the isolation can reach more than 28dB.
  • the radiation efficiencies of both antennas have better radiation efficiency.
  • Figure 8-9 shows the current distribution on the floor at 2.45 GHz and 5.5 GHz for the radiated antenna of the loop.
  • Figure 10-11 shows the current distribution on the floor at 2.45 GHz and 5.5 GHz for the symmetrical monopole antenna.
  • the currents on branches 31 and 32 are reversed, so the two branches do not radiate electromagnetic waves.
  • the present invention also provides a MIMO communication system comprising the high-isolation antenna of the compact excitation floor orthogonal radiation of any of the preceding embodiments.
  • a small antenna of a PCB is used to load a loop radiation antenna, and the PCB floor radiation is driven to achieve dual-frequency coverage.
  • a symmetric monopole antenna is used to drive the PCB floor radiation, and the dual-frequency coverage is also implemented.
  • the excitation floor radiation current is just orthogonal, which improves the isolation of the two antennas. In the case where the wireless terminal space is limited, the orthogonality of the current is used to achieve high isolation dual-frequency coverage in a very limited space. The isolation can reach more than 25dB, which can effectively improve the communication capacity of the MIMO communication system.

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Abstract

本发明提供一种紧凑型激励地板正交辐射的高隔离度天线及其MIMO通信系统，包括：一PCB地板，在一边缘上具有净空区；一环路地辐射天线，设置在PCB地板的净空区上，且与PCB地板的非净空区连接，两个分支激励PCB地板辐射形成两条谐振回路；及一对称单极子天线，设置在PCB地板的净空区的上方，包括馈线、低频对称分支和高频对称分支，低频对称分支和高频对称分支通过馈线连接PCB地板的非净空区，两个分支激励PCB地板辐射形成两条谐振通路；其中，环路地辐射天线和对称单极子天线在每个频段激励PCB地板生成的电流正交。本发明利用电流的正交性，可以在非常有限的空间内实现高隔离度双频覆盖，隔离度可以达25dB以上。

Description

紧凑型激励地板正交辐射的高隔离度天线及其MIMO通信系统 技术领域
本发明涉及移动终端设备天线技术，特别涉及的是一种紧凑型激励地板正交辐射的高隔离度天线及其MIMO(Multiple-Input Multiple-Output，多输入多输出)通信系统。
背景技术
移动通信终端业务的快速发展带动了无线终端天线产业的繁荣，同时对终端天线也提出了更高的要求，要求天线具有多频带、小体积、高效率等性能。而目前的无线网络传输速率，已无法满足当前高数据传输率的应用要求，越来越多提高数据传输率的技术应用而生，MIMO就是其中一种，MIMO技术是指在无线信道中采用多个天线实现收发，在不增加带宽的情况下，可以成倍地提高通信系统的容量，但多天线系统的技术瓶颈在于天线间的耦合效应会使得多天线间的输出信号具有很大的相关性，严重干扰无线信号的传输。为了降低信号之间的相关性，必须想办法提高MIMO系统中天线之间的隔离度。
解决天线之间耦合效应的最简单的方法为拉大天线之间的距离，但是，当前无线终端系统的空间有限，而且耦合问题随着天线数量的增多更加严重。
发明内容
本发明提供一种紧凑型激励地板正交辐射的高隔离度天线及其MIMO通信系统，利用电流的正交性，可以在非常有限的空间内实现高隔离度双频覆盖，隔离度可以达25dB以上。
为解决上述问题，本发明提供一种紧凑型激励地板正交辐射的高隔离度天 线，包括：
一PCB地板，在一边缘上具有净空区；
一环路地辐射天线，设置在所述PCB地板的净空区上，且与所述PCB地板的非净空区连接，所述环路地辐射天线的两个分支激励PCB地板辐射形成两条谐振回路；及
一对称单极子天线，设置在所述PCB地板的净空区的上方，包括馈线、低频对称分支和高频对称分支，所述低频对称分支和高频对称分支通过馈线连接所述PCB地板的非净空区，通过所述低频对称分支和高频对称分支激励PCB地板辐射形成两条谐振通路；
其中，所述环路地辐射天线和对称单极子天线在每个频段激励PCB地板生成的电流正交。
根据本发明的一个实施例，所述对称单极子天线的低频对称分支和高频对称分支位于所述馈线的同侧或异侧，馈线一端连接在低频对称分支的对称线和高频对称分支的对称线上、另一端连接所述PCB地板的非净空区。
根据本发明的一个实施例，所述低频对称分支的对称两侧等长、形状相同；高频对称分支的对称两侧等长、形状相同。
根据本发明的一个实施例，所述低频对称分支包括两个开口相对的U型金属片，且两U型金属片的开口单侧相连，所述高频对称分支包括两个直金属片，且两直金属片的一端相连；
或者，所述低频对称分支包括两个直金属片，且两直金属片的一端相连，所述高频对称分支包括两个开口相对的U型金属片，且两U型金属片的开口单侧相连；
或者，所述低频对称分支和所述高频对称分支均包括两个直金属片，且两直金属片的一端相连；
或者，所述低频对称分支和所述高频对称分支均由包括两个开口相对的U型金属片，且两U型金属片的开口单侧相连。
根据本发明的一个实施例，所述低频对称分支和/或所述高频对称分支由两个L型金属片的竖部自由端连接形成。
根据本发明的一个实施例，所述对称单极子天线位于所述PCB地板的净空区的正上方。
根据本发明的一个实施例，所述PCB地板为单面覆铜介质板，且在所述净空区不覆铜。
根据本发明的一个实施例，所述环路地辐射天线包括：
T型导带分支，包括构成横向部分的第一分支和第二分支、构成竖向部分的第三分支，所述第一分支和第二分支向所述第三分支的两侧延伸，且所述第一分支的末端通过第一集总电容连接到PCB地板的非净空区上；第二分支的末端通过第二集总电容连接到PCB地板的非净空区上；
第四分支，一端连接到第三分支，另一端连接到PCB地板的非净空区上，且与PCB地板非净空区的连接处连接馈源；
所述第四分支、第三分支、第一分支、第一集总电容与PCB地板的非净空区构成第一谐振回路，所述第四分支、第三分支、第二分支、第二集总电容与PCB地板的非净空区构成第二谐振回路。
根据本发明的一个实施例，所述环路地辐射天线还包括有第五分支，所述第五分支的一端连接到第三分支的末端，另一端通过第三集总电容连接到PCB地板的非净空区上；所述第四分支、第五分支、第三集总电容与PCB地板的非净空区构成匹配回路。
根据本发明的一个实施例，环路地辐射天线和对称单极子天线均减少或增加相应的分支，从而各自形成单频谐振或多频谐振。
本发明还提供一种MIMO通信系统，包括前述实施例中任意一项所述的紧凑型激励地板正交辐射的高隔离度天线。
采用上述技术方案后，本发明相比现有技术具有以下有益效果：
利用PCB地板上一小块净空加载环路地辐射天线，驱动PCB地板辐射实 现双频覆盖，同时再采用对称单极子天线驱动PCB地板辐射，同样实现双频覆盖，这两种方式激励的地板辐射电流刚好正交，提高了这两个天线的隔离度，在无线终端空间受限的情况下，利用电流的正交性，在非常有限的空间内实现高隔离度双频覆盖，隔离度可以达25dB以上，可有效提高MIMO通信系统的通信容量。
附图说明
图1是本发明实施例的紧凑型激励地板正交辐射的高隔离度天线的结构示意图；
图2是本发明实施例的环路地辐射天线的结构示意图；
图3是本发明实施例的对称单极子天线的结构示意图；
图4是本发明实施例的环路地辐射天线的回波损耗示意图；
图5是本发明实施例的对称单极子天线的回波损耗示意图；
图6是本发明实施例的环路地辐射天线和对称单极子天线的隔离度示意图；
图7是本发明实施例的环路地辐射天线和对称单极子天线的辐射效率曲线；
图8和9分别是本发明实施例的环路地辐射天线2.45GHz和5.5GHz频点地板电流分布图；
图10和11分别是本发明实施例的对称单极子天线2.45GHz和5.5GHz频点地板电流分布图；
图12是本发明另一实施例的对称单极子天线的结构示意图；
图13是本发明又一实施例的对称单极子天线的结构示意图；
图14是本发明再一实施例的对称单极子天线的结构示意图。
具体实施方式
为使本发明的上述目的、特征和优点能够更加明显易懂，下面结合附图对本发明的具体实施方式做详细的说明。
在下面的描述中阐述了很多具体细节以便于充分理解本发明。但是本发明能够以很多不同于在此描述的其它方式来实施，本领域技术人员可以在不违背本发明内涵的情况下做类似推广，因此本发明不受下面公开的具体实施的限制。
参看图1，本实施例的紧凑型激励地板正交辐射的高隔离度天线，包括：一PCB(Printed Circuit Board，印制电路板)地板1，一环路地辐射天线2及一对称单极子(Monopole)天线3。
PCB地板1在其一边缘上具有净空区，净空区是指非导电材质覆盖区，除该净空区之外最好全是非净空区。净空区的大小足以容纳回路地辐射天线即可。PCB地板1的形状可以为长方形、正方形或多边形等，净空区的形状可以为长方形、正方形或多边形等，具体不做限制。
环路地辐射天线2设置在PCB地板1的净空区上，且与PCB地板1的非净空区连接，在两个频段，通过两个不同分支激励PCB地板1辐射形成两条谐振回路。也即，环路地辐射天线2和PCB地板1共同形成谐振回路，并两个不同频点信号驱动下，实现双频谐振。
对称单极子天线3设置在PCB地板1的净空区的上方，包括馈线、低频对称分支和高频对称分支。低频对称分支和高频对称分支通过馈线连接PCB地板1的非净空区，在两个频段，通过低频对称分支和高频对称分支两个分支激励PCB地板1辐射形成两条谐振通路。也即，对称单极子天线3在和环路地辐射天线2的相同频段的信号驱动下，激励相同的PCB地板1形成谐振通路，在两个频点下实现另一双频谐振。
其中，环路地辐射天线和对称单极子天线在每个频段激励PCB地板生成的电流正交，环路地辐射天线2、对称单极子天线3和PCB地板1构成一高隔离度双频天线。换言之，环路地辐射天线2和对称单极子天线3各自激励PCB地板1形成双频谐振，且两个天线在各频谐振时的电流刚好相互正交，因而两个天线双频谐振的隔离度较高。
环路地辐射天线2和对称单极子天线3的具体结构可以根据需要进行设计或调整。保证环路地辐射天线2设置在PCB地板1的净空区表面上，激励地板1形成双频谐振，而对称单极子天线3设置在PCB地板1的净空区的上方，同时激励地板1形成双频谐振，且两天线的谐振电流正交即可。环路地辐射天线2和对称单极子天线3之间无直接接触。
在一个具体的实施例中，参看图2，环路地辐射天线可以包括：T型导带分支，包括构成横向部分的第一分支23和第二分支24、构成竖向部分的第三分支25，第一分支23和第二分支24向第三分支25的两侧延伸，且第一分支23的末端通过第一集总电容51连接到PCB地板1的非净空区上；第二分支24的末端通过第二集总电容52连接到PCB地板1的非净空区上；第四分支21，一端连接到第三分支25，另一端连接到PCB地板1的非净空区上，且与PCB地板1非净空区的连接处连接馈源4。其中，第四分支21、第三分支25、第一分支23、第一集总电容51与PCB地板1的非净空区构成第一谐振回路，第四分支21、第三分支25、第二分支24、第二集总电容52与PCB地板1的非净空区构成第二谐振回路。
第一分支23和第二分支24沿PCB地板1净空区的外侧边设置，且第一分支24和第二分支24的沿线都是净空区。第四分支21连接到第三分支25的左侧或右侧的PCB地板1的非净空区上。
进一步的，环路地辐射天线还包括有第五分支22。第五分支22的一端连接到第三分支25的末端，另一端通过第三集总电容53连接到PCB地板1的非净空区上；第四分支21、第五分支22、第三集总电容53与PCB地板1的 非净空区构成匹配回路。
第五分支22与第四分支21的连接结构优选呈U型结构。第五分支22可沿第三分支25的延长线设置。
调节第一集总电容51以及第四分支21、第一分支23、第三分支25可以调谐频率，使其谐振于第一谐振频段。调节第二集总电容52以及第四分支21、第二分支24、第三分支25可以调谐频率，使其谐振于第二谐振频段。第四分支21、第五分支22、第三集总电容53构成匹配回路，调节第三集总电容53以及第四分支21、第五分支22，可以调节第一谐振频段和第二谐振频段的谐振深度。
对称单极子天线3的低频对称分支和高频对称分支可以位于馈线的同侧或异侧，馈线一端连接在低频对称分支的对称线和高频对称分支的对称线上、另一端连接PCB地板的非净空区。
所述低频对称分支包括两个开口相对的U型金属片，且两U型金属片的开口单侧相连，所述高频对称分支包括两个直金属片，且两直金属片的一端相连；
在一个实施例中，参看图1和图3，对称单极子天线3设于净空区上方，具体位于环路地辐射天线2的正上方，低频对称分支31和高频对称分支32设置在馈线33的同侧。低频对称分支31两个开口相对的U型金属片，且两U型金属片的开口单侧相连；高频对称分支32包括两个直金属片，且两直金属片的一端相连。低频对称分支31和高频对称分支32的对称线平行于环路地辐射天线的第三分支25。两U型金属片的开口单侧相连是指，两个U型金属片位置相对设置之后，两个开口的同一侧连接起来，另一侧不连。
在另一个实施例中，参看图12，对称单极子天线3b设于净空区上方，具体位于环路地辐射天线2的正上方，低频对称分支31b和高频对称分支32b设置在馈线33b的异侧。低频对称分支31b两个开口相对的U型金属片，且两U型金属片的开口单侧相连；高频对称分支32b包括两个直金属片，且两 直金属片的一端相连。低频对称分支31b和高频对称分支32b的对称线平行于环路地辐射天线2的第三分支25。
在又一个实施例中，参看图13，对称单极子天线3c设于净空区上方，具体位于回路地辐射天线2的正上方，低频对称分支31c和高频对称分支32c设置在馈线33c的异侧。低频对称分支31c可包括两个直金属片，且两直金属片的一端相连，高频对称分支32c由两个开口相对的U型金属片，且两U型金属片的开口单侧相连。低频对称分支31c和高频对称分支32c的对称线平行于环路地辐射天线2的第三分支25。
在再一个实施例中，参看图14，对称单极子天线3a设于净空区上方，具体位于环路地辐射天线2的正上方，低频对称分支31a和高频对称分支32a设置在馈线33a的同侧。低频对称分支31a和高频对称分支32a均包括两个直金属片，且两直金属片的一端相连。低频对称分支31a和高频对称分支32a的对称线平行于环路地辐射天线2的第三分支25。
当然，还可以有更多的形状结构。低频对称分支和高频对称分支还可均两个开口相对的U型金属片，且两U型金属片的开口单侧相连。或者，前述实施例的低频对称分支和/或高频对称分支替换为由两个L型金属片的竖部自由端连接形成。
低频对称分支和高频对称分支在对称点的部位连接起来且连接到馈线上。低频对称分支和高频对称分支的对称两侧的形状大小均不作为限制，可以在前述实施例的基础上变化，例如可以将U型替换为V型等，只要保证低频对称分支的对称两侧等长、形状相同；高频对称分支的对称两侧等长、形状相同。
较佳的，对称单极子天线位于PCB地板的净空区的正上方。
优选的，PCB地板可以为单面覆铜介质板，且在净空区不覆铜。当然，PCB底板还可以为单面覆其他导电层的介质板，净空区不覆该其他导电层。
本发明实施例不限于双频天线，还可以形成单频或多天线。环路地辐射天线和对称单极子天线均减少或增加相应的分支，从而各自形成单频谐振或多频 谐振。减少或增加相应的分支数量、结构及位置可以根据实际需要设计调整，具体不做限制。
根据本发明实施例设计一高隔离度双频天线。参看图4，环路地辐射天线回波损耗，以-4.5dB的回波损耗为参考点，低频带宽覆盖2300MHz到2500MHz，高频覆盖5120MHz到5860MHz。参看图5，对称单极子天线回波损耗，以-5dB的回波损耗为参考点，低频带宽覆盖2320MHz到2500MHz，高频覆盖5000MHz到5960MHz。参看图6，两个天线之间的隔离度，在低频2320MHz到2500MHz范围内，隔离度可达25dB以上，在高频5000MHz到5960MHz范围内，隔离度可达28dB以上。参看图7，两个天线的辐射效率，均具有较佳的辐射效率。图8-9为环路地辐射天线2.45GHz和5.5GHz频点地板上电流分布，图10-11为对称单极子天线2.45GHz和5.5GHz频点地板上电流分布，从图中可以看到，对于对称单极子天线而言，分支31和32上的电流是反向的，所以这两个分支是不会辐射电磁波的，他们的作用为激励地板辐射，同时我们看到在2.45GHz频点，环路地辐射天线和对称单极子天线激励的地板上的电流刚好是正交的，所以隔离度较好，同样在5.5GHz频点地板上电流也刚好正交，隔离度也会较好。
本发明还提供一种MIMO通信系统，包括前述实施例中任意一项所述的紧凑型激励地板正交辐射的高隔离度天线。
本发明实施例利用PCB地板上一小块净空加载环路地辐射天线，驱动PCB地板辐射实现双频覆盖，同时再采用对称单极子天线驱动PCB地板辐射，同样实现双频覆盖，这两种方式激励的地板辐射电流刚好正交，提高了这两个天线的隔离度，在无线终端空间受限的情况下，利用电流的正交性，在非常有限的空间内实现高隔离度双频覆盖，隔离度可以达25dB以上，可有效提高MIMO通信系统的通信容量。
本发明虽然以较佳实施例公开如上，但其并不是用来限定权利要求，任何本领域技术人员在不脱离本发明的精神和范围内，都可以做出可能的变动和修 改，因此本发明的保护范围应当以本发明权利要求所界定的范围为准。

Claims (11)

  1. 一种紧凑型激励地板正交辐射的高隔离度天线，其特征在于，包括：
    一PCB地板，在一边缘上具有净空区；
    一环路地辐射天线，设置在所述PCB地板的净空区上，且与所述PCB地板的非净空区连接，所述环路地辐射天线的两个分支激励PCB地板辐射形成两条谐振回路；及
    一对称单极子天线，设置在所述PCB地板的净空区的上方，包括馈线、低频对称分支和高频对称分支，所述低频对称分支和高频对称分支通过馈线连接所述PCB地板的非净空区，通过所述低频对称分支和高频对称分支两个分支激励PCB地板辐射形成两条谐振通路；
    其中，所述环路地辐射天线和对称单极子天线在每个频段激励PCB地板生成的电流正交。
  2. 如权利要求1所述的紧凑型激励地板正交辐射的高隔离度天线，其特征在于，所述对称单极子天线的低频对称分支和高频对称分支位于所述馈线的同侧或异侧，馈线一端连接在低频对称分支的对称线和高频对称分支的对称线上、另一端连接所述PCB地板的非净空区。
  3. 如权利要求1所述的紧凑型激励地板正交辐射的高隔离度天线，其特征在于，所述低频对称分支的对称两侧等长、形状相同；高频对称分支的对称两侧等长、形状相同。
  4. 如权利要求3所述的紧凑型激励地板正交辐射的高隔离度天线，其特征在于，所述低频对称分支包括两个开口相对的U型金属片，且两U型金属片的开口单侧相连，所述高频对称分支包括两个直金属片，且两直金属片的一端相连；
    或者，所述低频对称分支包括两个直金属片，且两直金属片的一端相连，所述高频对称分支包括两个开口相对的U型金属片，且两U型金属片的开口单侧相连；
    或者，所述低频对称分支和所述高频对称分支均包括两个直金属片，且两直金属片的一端相连；
    或者，所述低频对称分支和所述高频对称分支均由包括两个开口相对的U型金属片，且两U型金属片的开口单侧相连。
  5. 如权利要求4所述的紧凑型激励地板正交辐射的高隔离度天线，其特征在于，所述低频对称分支和/或所述高频对称分支由两个L型金属片的竖部自由端连接形成。
  6. 如权利要求1所述的紧凑型激励地板正交辐射的高隔离度天线，其特征在于，所述对称单极子天线位于所述PCB地板的净空区的正上方。
  7. 如权利要求1所述的紧凑型激励地板正交辐射的高隔离度天线，其特征在于，所述PCB地板为单面覆铜介质板，且在所述净空区不覆铜。
  8. 如权利要求1所述的紧凑型激励地板正交辐射的高隔离度天线，其特征在于，所述环路地辐射天线包括：
    T型导带分支，包括构成横向部分的第一分支和第二分支、构成竖向部分的第三分支，所述第一分支和第二分支向所述第三分支的两侧延伸，且所述第一分支的末端通过第一集总电容连接到PCB地板的非净空区上；第二分支的末端通过第二集总电容连接到PCB地板的非净空区上；
    第四分支，一端连接到第三分支，另一端连接到PCB地板的非净空区上，且与PCB地板非净空区的连接处连接馈源；
    所述第四分支、第三分支、第一分支、第一集总电容与PCB地板的非净空区构成第一谐振回路，所述第四分支、第三分支、第二分支、第二集总电容与PCB地板的非净空区构成第二谐振回路。
  9. 如权利要求7所述的紧凑型激励地板正交辐射的高隔离度天线，其特征在于，所述环路地辐射天线还包括有第五分支，所述第五分支的一端连接到第三分支的末端，另一端通过第三集总电容连接到PCB地板的非净空区上；所述第四分支、第五分支、第三集总电容与PCB地板的非净空区构成匹配回路。
  10. 如权利要求1所述的紧凑型激励地板正交辐射的高隔离度天线，其特征在于，环路地辐射天线和对称单极子天线均减少或增加相应的分支，从而各自形成单频谐振或多频谐振。
  11. 一种MIMO通信系统，其特征在于，包括权利要求1-9中任意一项所述的紧凑型激励地板正交辐射的高隔离度天线。
PCT/CN2016/108795 2016-08-12 2016-12-07 紧凑型激励地板正交辐射的高隔离度天线及其mimo通信系统 WO2018028101A1 (zh)

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