WO2018025420A1 - Wind power generation device - Google Patents

Wind power generation device Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2018025420A1
WO2018025420A1 PCT/JP2016/073200 JP2016073200W WO2018025420A1 WO 2018025420 A1 WO2018025420 A1 WO 2018025420A1 JP 2016073200 W JP2016073200 W JP 2016073200W WO 2018025420 A1 WO2018025420 A1 WO 2018025420A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
substrate
coil
nacelle
tower
rotation axis
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/JP2016/073200
Other languages
French (fr)
Japanese (ja)
Inventor
泰孝 和田
Original Assignee
中国電力株式会社
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by 中国電力株式会社 filed Critical 中国電力株式会社
Priority to PCT/JP2016/073200 priority Critical patent/WO2018025420A1/en
Priority to JP2017504438A priority patent/JP6187721B1/en
Publication of WO2018025420A1 publication Critical patent/WO2018025420A1/en

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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F03—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS; WIND, SPRING, OR WEIGHT MOTORS; PRODUCING MECHANICAL POWER OR A REACTIVE PROPULSIVE THRUST, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F03D—WIND MOTORS
    • F03D80/00—Details, components or accessories not provided for in groups F03D1/00 - F03D17/00
    • F03D80/80—Arrangement of components within nacelles or towers
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J50/00—Circuit arrangements or systems for wireless supply or distribution of electric power
    • H02J50/10—Circuit arrangements or systems for wireless supply or distribution of electric power using inductive coupling
    • H02J50/12—Circuit arrangements or systems for wireless supply or distribution of electric power using inductive coupling of the resonant type
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
    • Y02E10/70—Wind energy
    • Y02E10/72—Wind turbines with rotation axis in wind direction

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a wind power generator.
  • the power generation device using wind power includes a windmill that rotates by receiving wind and a generator that converts the rotational force of the windmill into electricity.
  • a windmill is attached to the nacelle provided on the tower, and a generator is arrange
  • the nacelle has a structure that can rotate in a horizontal plane according to the direction of the wind.
  • the generator rotates together with the nacelle, and the electric power generated by the generator is transmitted to the outside via a cable in the tower that is fixed and does not move (see, for example, Patent Document 1).
  • a ring and a brush are slidably provided on the rotating shaft of the nacelle, and the electric power of the generator is transmitted to the outside when the ring and the brush come into contact with each other.
  • An object of the present invention is to solve the above-described problems and provide a wind turbine generator that can efficiently transmit power.
  • a wind turbine generator is provided with a tower, a nacelle that is provided at an upper portion of the tower, and that rotates about an axial direction of the tower, that is, a direction along a vertical axis, as a rotation axis.
  • a generator for generating electric power by the rotational force of the wind turbine a first board fixed to the nacelle, a first coil provided on the first board and supplied with electric power from the generator, and the tower
  • a power transmission unit including: a fixed second substrate; and a second coil provided on the second substrate and opposed to the first coil with the first substrate and the second substrate interposed therebetween. The power transmission unit transmits the power supplied to the first coil to the second coil by causing the first coil to magnetically resonate with the second coil.
  • the first coil and the second coil are spaced apart from each other with the first substrate and the second substrate interposed therebetween, and power is transmitted from the first coil to the second coil by the magnetic field resonance method. Therefore, even when the first coil rotates together with the rotation of the nacelle, it is possible to efficiently transmit power while suppressing wear due to friction of the first coil and the second coil.
  • the first coil includes a metal wire wound around the rotation axis in a plane intersecting the rotation axis, and the second coil in a direction along the rotation axis. It is provided so as to be rotatable with respect to the second coil around the rotation axis. According to this, since the first coil is provided so as to intersect the rotation axis, even if the first coil rotates with the rotation of the nacelle, a change in the relative position of the first coil with respect to the second coil is suppressed. In addition, a decrease in power transmission efficiency can be suppressed.
  • the distance between the first coil and the second coil is selected such that the power transmission efficiency is highest as in the design of the magnetic resonance circuit.
  • the first substrate faces the second substrate in a direction along the rotation axis, and is provided to be rotatable about the rotation axis with respect to the second substrate. According to this, since the first coil rotates together with the rotation of the first substrate, it is possible to suppress wear due to friction between the first coil and another member.
  • a surface of the first substrate that faces the second substrate is in contact with a surface of the second substrate that faces the first substrate. According to this, since the space
  • the first substrate and the second substrate are disposed between a surface of the first substrate facing the second substrate and a surface of the second substrate facing the first substrate.
  • a lubricating layer that suppresses the friction is provided. According to this, since the friction between the first substrate and the second substrate is suppressed by the lubricating layer, wear of the first substrate and the second substrate can be suppressed.
  • the lubricating layer is a lubricating oil. According to this, it is possible to reliably suppress friction between the first substrate and the second substrate.
  • the lubricating layer is a sheet of a self-lubricating material. According to this, it is possible to reliably suppress friction between the first substrate and the second substrate.
  • the first substrate and the second substrate are resin substrates. According to this, since the first substrate and the second substrate do not shield the magnetic field, the first coil and the second coil are magnetically coupled to transmit power efficiently.
  • the power transmission unit is disposed at a connection portion between the nacelle and the tower.
  • the first substrate can be fixed to the nacelle
  • the second substrate can be fixed to the tower, and the distance between the first coil and the second coil can be reduced, so that the power transmission efficiency can be improved. Can be increased.
  • the connecting portion includes a bearing that rotatably supports the nacelle with respect to the tower. According to this, the change of the position of the axial direction with respect to the tower of a nacelle is suppressed by a bearing. Therefore, a change in the distance between the first coil and the second coil is suppressed, and a decrease in power transmission efficiency can be suppressed.
  • the wind power generator of the present invention it is possible to transmit power efficiently.
  • FIG. 1 is a side view showing a wind turbine generator according to an embodiment.
  • FIG. 2 is a block diagram illustrating an example of the configuration of the wind turbine generator according to the embodiment.
  • FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view illustrating a connection portion between the nacelle and the tower according to the embodiment.
  • FIG. 4 is a plan view showing a first substrate and a primary coil of the non-contact power transmission unit according to the embodiment.
  • FIG. 5 is a plan view showing a second substrate and a secondary coil of the non-contact power transmission unit according to the embodiment.
  • FIG. 6 is a cross-sectional view taken along the line VI-VI ′ of FIGS. 4 and 5.
  • FIG. 7 is an explanatory diagram for explaining magnetic field resonance type power transmission of the contactless power transmission unit according to the embodiment.
  • FIG. 8 is a circuit diagram illustrating an equivalent circuit of the contactless power transmission unit according to the embodiment.
  • FIG. 9 is a cross-sectional view of a wind turbine generator according to a first modification.
  • FIG. 10 is a cross-sectional view showing a non-contact power transmission unit of a wind turbine generator according to a second modification.
  • FIG. 1 is a side view showing a wind turbine generator according to an embodiment.
  • FIG. 2 is a block diagram illustrating an example of the configuration of the wind turbine generator according to the embodiment.
  • the wind turbine generator 1 is a horizontal axis type propeller windmill, and includes a tower 2, a nacelle 4, a windmill 5, and a hub 6.
  • Tower 2 is a pillar that rises upward from the ground.
  • the tower 2 is a cylindrical column having a space inside, and is fixed to, for example, a foundation embedded in the ground.
  • the cable 8, the power converter 18, the control unit 100, and the like are arranged in the internal space of the tower 2, the cable 8, the power converter 18, the control unit 100, and the like.
  • the nacelle 4 is a box-shaped housing having a space inside, and is provided on the top of the tower 2.
  • the nacelle 4 is rotatably provided with a rotation axis C (yaw axis) along the axial direction of the tower 2 as a central axis.
  • a yaw driving device 15, a measuring device 16, a speed increaser 19, and a generator 20 are arranged inside the nacelle 4.
  • a non-contact power transmission unit 10 is disposed at a connection portion between the nacelle 4 and the tower 2.
  • a windmill 5 is provided on a side surface of the nacelle 4 via a hub 6.
  • the wind turbine 5 includes a plurality of blades 7. In FIG. 1, two blades 7 are shown, but three or four or more blades 7 are provided, and are provided radially about the rotation axis Z along the horizontal direction.
  • the blade 7 rotates about the rotation axis Z by generating lift.
  • the height of the tower 2 is higher than the radial dimension of the wind turbine 5, that is, the radial dimension of one blade 7, and is sufficiently high from the ground installation surface so that the wind turbine 5 can receive a stable wind. Is set to
  • the rotor 13 that is the rotation shaft of the windmill 5 rotates together with the windmill 5.
  • the rotation of the windmill 5 is transmitted to the speed increaser 19 via the rotor 13.
  • the speed increaser 19 is, for example, a gear box, and is a mechanism that increases the rotation from the windmill 5 to a rotational speed necessary for the generator 20.
  • the rotation of the speed increaser 19 is transmitted to the generator 20 via the main shaft 14. Note that the speed increaser 19 is not provided, and the rotor 13 may be directly connected to the generator 20.
  • the generator 20 generates electric power by the rotational force input from the main shaft 14.
  • the power output from the generator 20 is supplied to the contactless power transmission unit 10.
  • the non-contact power transmission unit 10 transmits power between a pair of coils arranged in a non-contact manner using magnetic field resonance.
  • the non-contact power transmission unit 10 transmits the power from the generator 20 to the power conversion device 18 via the cable 8 disposed in the tower 2 (see FIG. 1).
  • the power conversion device 18 is a device that converts supplied power into a frequency and voltage suitable for a power system such as an external substation and outputs the converted power to the external power system.
  • the measuring device 16 includes, for example, an anemometer that measures the direction of the wind and an anemometer that measures the wind speed.
  • the yaw drive device 15 rotates the nacelle 4 around the rotation axis C (see FIG. 1) so that the windmill 5 can receive wind efficiently based on the information of the measurement device 16.
  • the control unit 100 is a circuit that receives information on the rotational speed of the rotor 13, information on the wind direction of the measuring device 16, and information on the power of the generator 20, and outputs control signals to various devices inside the nacelle 4. is there.
  • the control unit 100 includes a CPU (Central Processing Unit), a memory such as a ROM (Read Only Memory) and a RAM (Random Access Memory), and a storage unit such as a flash memory and a hard disk drive. Control of the control unit 100 with respect to the generator 20 and the like is realized by the CPU reading an arithmetic program into a RAM or the like and performing arithmetic processing on information.
  • the wind turbine generator 1 can convert the rotational force of the wind turbine 5 that rotates by receiving wind into electric power.
  • the wind power generator 1 shown in FIG.1 and FIG.2 is an example to the last, and can be changed suitably.
  • the nacelle 4 may be provided with a pitch driving device that changes the pitch angle of the windmill 5, a brake device that stops the rotation of the main shaft 14 when the wind power generator 1 is stopped, and the like.
  • FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view showing a connecting portion between the nacelle and the tower according to the embodiment.
  • a bearing 3 is provided between the nacelle 4 and the tower 2.
  • the bearing 3 is a rolling bearing having an outer ring 3 a, a rolling element 3 b, and an inner ring 3 c, and supports the nacelle 4 to be rotatable with respect to the tower 2.
  • a non-contact power transmission unit 10 is disposed at a connection portion between the nacelle 4 and the tower 2.
  • the tower 2 includes a column part 2a, a flange part 2b, a support part 2c, and an upper end part 2d.
  • the column part 2a is a cylindrical member extending in a direction along the rotation axis C.
  • the flange portion 2b is a plate-like member that extends inward in the radial direction from the inner peripheral surface of the column portion 2a and is annular when viewed from the direction along the rotation axis C.
  • the support portion 2c is an annular member provided on the upper portion of the flange portion 2b, and supports the outer ring 3a of the bearing 3 in the axial direction.
  • the upper end 2d is an annular member that is provided on the support 2c and is thinner in the radial direction than the support 2c.
  • the outer ring 3a of the bearing 3 is fixed to the inner peripheral surface of the upper end 2d.
  • the nacelle 4 includes a bottom plate 4a, a support portion 4b, and a wall portion 4c.
  • the bottom plate 4 a is provided with an opening 4 d that communicates with the internal space of the tower 2.
  • the support portion 4b protrudes toward the tower 2 side on the inner side in the radial direction of the bottom plate 4a, and supports the inner ring 3c of the bearing 3 in the axial direction.
  • the wall 4c is an annular member that protrudes into the internal space of the tower 2 on the inner side in the radial direction of the support 4b.
  • the inner ring 3c of the bearing 3 is fixed to the outer peripheral surface of the wall 4c.
  • the nacelle 4 is connected to the tower 2 via the wall 4c and the bearing 3, and the radial position with respect to the tower 2 is fixed.
  • the bearing 3 supports the nacelle 4 to be rotatable with respect to the tower 2.
  • the connection structure of the nacelle 4 and the tower 2 shown in FIG. 3 is an example to the last, and can be changed suitably.
  • a plurality of bearings 3 may be provided adjacent to each other in the axial direction.
  • the bearing 3 may be a thrust bearing.
  • the non-contact power transmission unit 10 includes a first substrate 31, a primary coil 35 provided on the upper surface of the first substrate 31, a second substrate 32, and a lower surface of the second substrate 32. And a secondary coil 36 provided in the.
  • a lubricating layer 41 is provided between the lower surface of the first substrate 31 and the upper surface of the second substrate 32.
  • the first substrate 31 is fixed to the lower end portion of the wall portion 4c of the nacelle 4 on the outer side in the radial direction.
  • the second substrate 32 is fixed to the radially inner end of the flange portion 2 b of the tower 2. That is, the non-contact power transmission unit 10 is disposed at the connection portion between the nacelle 4 and the tower 2 in the internal space of the tower 2.
  • the first substrate 31 is fixed to the nacelle 4 and rotates around the rotation axis C as the nacelle 4 rotates. Further, the position of the first substrate 31 in the direction along the rotation axis C is fixed by the bearing 3 and the wall 4c.
  • the second substrate 32 is fixed to the tower 2 and does not rotate with the rotation of the nacelle 4. That is, the position of the second substrate 32 in the rotation direction around the rotation axis C and the position in the direction along the rotation axis C are fixed by the flange portion 2b.
  • the first substrate 31 is rotatable relative to the fixed second substrate 32.
  • the terminal portion 35 a of the primary coil 35 is connected to the generator 20 via the connection wiring 45. Further, the terminal portion 36 a of the secondary coil 36 is connected to the cable 8 fixed in the internal space of the tower 2 through the connection wiring 46.
  • the non-contact type power transmission unit 10 uses the magnetic field resonance between the primary coil 35 and the secondary coil 36 that are arranged apart from each other to generate power from the generator 20 that is supplied to the primary coil 35. Transmit to the secondary coil 36.
  • the wear due to friction of the primary coil 35 and the secondary coil 36 is suppressed, and the power is efficiently supplied. Can be transmitted. Since the primary coil 35 and the secondary coil 36 are prevented from being worn due to friction, for example, the life can be extended as compared with a configuration in which a ring and a brush are slid and contacted.
  • the nacelle 4 is provided on the upper portion of the tower 2 so as to be able to receive wind efficiently, the burden on the operator in exchanging the equipment included in the nacelle 4 increases. In the present embodiment, the lifetime of the primary coil 35 and the secondary coil 36 can be extended, the frequency of replacement and inspection can be reduced, and the burden on the operator can be reduced.
  • the first substrate 31 is rotatable relative to the second substrate 32 with the rotation axis C as the central axis, and the second substrate 32 is fixed to the tower 2 in a power state. Can be transmitted. Therefore, since the positions of the second substrate 32 and the secondary coil 36 do not change with respect to the cable 8 fixed in the internal space of the tower 2, the twist of the cable 8 is suppressed even when the nacelle 4 rotates. Is done. Therefore, the non-contact power transmission unit 10 of the present embodiment can efficiently transmit power while suppressing an increase in resistance or disconnection in the cable 8 or the connection wiring 46.
  • the rotational driving of the nacelle 4 is not restricted by the twisting of the cable 8, and the nacelle 4 can be rotated in an appropriate direction corresponding to the wind direction and the wind speed. Can be suppressed.
  • FIG. 4 is a plan view showing a first substrate and a primary coil of the non-contact power transmission unit according to the embodiment.
  • FIG. 5 is a plan view showing a second substrate and a secondary coil of the non-contact power transmission unit according to the embodiment.
  • FIG. 6 is a cross-sectional view taken along the line VI-VI ′ of FIGS. 4 and 5.
  • 4 is a plan view when the first substrate 31 is viewed from the upper surface 31a side
  • FIG. 5 is a plan view when the second substrate 32 is viewed from the lower surface 32b side.
  • the first substrate 31 has a circular shape in plan view.
  • a primary coil 35 is provided on the upper surface 31 a of the first substrate 31.
  • the primary coil 35 is a planar coil composed of a metal wire 55 wound around the rotation axis C.
  • the metal wiring 55 is provided in a spiral shape around the rotation axis C in the upper surface 31 a of the first substrate 31, that is, in a plane intersecting with the rotation axis C.
  • a terminal portion 35 a of the primary coil 35 is connected to the generator 20.
  • the first substrate 31 and the primary coil 35 are rotatable in the direction indicated by the arrow D around the rotation axis C as the nacelle 4 rotates.
  • the second substrate 32 has a circular shape in plan view.
  • a secondary coil 36 is provided on the lower surface 32 b of the second substrate 32.
  • the secondary coil 36 is a planar coil constituted by a metal wiring 56 wound around the rotation axis C.
  • the metal wiring 56 is provided in a spiral shape around the rotation axis C in the lower surface 32 b of the second substrate 32, that is, in a plane intersecting with the rotation axis C.
  • the terminal part 36a of the secondary coil 36 is connected to the power converter 18 via the cable 8 (see FIG. 3). As described above, the second substrate 32 and the secondary coil 36 are fixed to the tower 2.
  • the first substrate 31 and the second substrate 32 have substantially the same diameter.
  • the primary coil 35 and the secondary coil 36 have substantially the same diameter and the same number of turns.
  • the primary coil 35 and the secondary coil 36 have three windings, but are not limited thereto and can be changed as appropriate.
  • the primary coil 35 and the secondary coil 36 are not limited to circular shape, For example, other shapes, such as square shape, polygonal shape, and ellipse shape, may be sufficient.
  • the lower surface 31b of the first substrate 31 and the upper surface 32a of the second substrate 32 are arranged to face each other.
  • a lubricating layer 41 is provided between the lower surface 31 b of the first substrate 31 and the upper surface 32 a of the second substrate 32.
  • lubricating oil such as turbine oil, gear oil, and grease is used.
  • a self-lubricating sheet such as a fluororesin sheet such as polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE), a nylon sheet such as polyamide (PA), or a polyacetal (POM) resin sheet is used. be able to.
  • the first substrate 31 is rotatable relative to the second substrate 32 around the rotation axis C in a state of facing the second substrate 32 with the lubricating layer 41 interposed therebetween. Since the lubrication layer 41 is provided, friction between the first substrate 31 and the second substrate 32 is reduced, and wear due to friction between the first substrate 31 and the second substrate 32 can be suppressed.
  • the first substrate 31 and the second substrate 32 are resin substrates such as polycarbonate (PC), ABS resin (copolymer synthetic resin of acrylonitrile, butadiene, styrene), and phenol resin. is there.
  • the primary coil 35 and the secondary coil 36 are arranged to face each other in the direction along the rotation axis C with the first substrate 31 and the second substrate 32 interposed therebetween.
  • a protective layer 37 that covers the primary coil 35 is provided.
  • a protective layer 38 that covers the secondary coil 36 is provided. Note that the protective layer 37 and the protective layer 38 are omitted in FIGS. 3 to 5. Since the protective layer 37 and the protective layer 38 are provided, corrosion of the primary coil 35 and the secondary coil 36 and damage when contacting with other members are suppressed.
  • FIG. 7 is an explanatory diagram for explaining magnetic field resonance type power transmission of the contactless power transmission unit according to the embodiment.
  • FIG. 8 is a circuit diagram illustrating an equivalent circuit of the contactless power transmission unit according to the embodiment.
  • the primary coil 35 equivalently forms a transmission-side resonance circuit Tx by a resonance coil L1, a capacitor C1, and a resistor R1.
  • the secondary coil 36 equivalently forms a reception-side resonance circuit Rx with the resonance coil L2, the capacitor C2, and the resistor R2.
  • the capacitor C1 and the resistor R1 may each be configured by the capacitance and resistance of the primary coil 35, or other elements may be used. Further, the capacitor C2 and the resistor R2 may each be configured by the capacitance and resistance of the secondary coil 36, or other elements may be used.
  • the electric power from the generator 20 is supplied to the reception-side resonance circuit Rx in a non-contact manner by the resonance of the primary coil 35 and the secondary coil 36, and is transmitted to the power converter 18 which is an addition of the reception-side resonance circuit Rx. Is done.
  • the magnetic field resonance method is capable of long-distance transmission as compared with the electromagnetic induction method, and can suppress a decrease in transmission efficiency even when a positional deviation between the primary coil 35 and the secondary coil 36 occurs.
  • the closer the distance between the primary coil 35 and the secondary coil 36 the larger the energy that can be transmitted.
  • the non-contact power transmission unit 10 is disposed at the connection portion between the nacelle 4 and the tower 2, so that the first substrate 31 is fixed to the nacelle 4 and the second substrate 32 is connected to the tower 2.
  • the first substrate 31 and the second substrate 32 can be arranged to face each other.
  • the primary coil 35 and the secondary coil 36 are disposed close to each other in the direction along the rotation axis C with the first substrate 31 and the second substrate 32 interposed therebetween.
  • the magnetic field coupling is favorably performed between the primary coil 35 and the secondary coil 36, and the transmission efficiency can be increased. Further, as shown in FIGS.
  • the primary coil 35 and the secondary coil 36 have the same diameter and are arranged substantially coaxially with the rotation axis C as the center. For this reason, even when the primary coil 35 rotates around the rotation axis C, a change in the relative position of the primary coil 35 with respect to the secondary coil 36 is suppressed in a plane intersecting the rotation axis C. A reduction in power transmission efficiency can be suppressed.
  • the position of the nacelle 4 in the direction along the rotation axis C is fixed to the tower 2 by the bearing 3. For this reason, the change of the position of the direction along the rotating shaft C of the 1st board
  • the primary coil 35 and the secondary coil 36 have the same diameter, it is not restricted to this.
  • the primary coil 35 and the secondary coil 36 may have different diameters or may have different shapes. Further, the center position of the primary coil 35 and the center position of the secondary coil 36 may be shifted. Even in such a configuration, the non-contact power transmission unit 10 transmits power by the magnetic field resonance method, so that relatively high transmission efficiency can be obtained.
  • FIG. 9 is a cross-sectional view of a wind turbine generator according to a first modification.
  • the non-contact power transmission unit 10 is disposed in the internal space of the tower 2, but is not limited thereto.
  • the first substrate 31A covers the opening 4d of the nacelle 4 and is a wall provided at the radially inner end of the bottom plate 4a. 4e.
  • the wall portion 4 e is an annular member, and extends in the direction along the rotation axis C from the bottom plate 4 a toward the inside of the nacelle 4.
  • the first substrate 31 ⁇ / b> A is fixed to the upper portion of the wall portion 4 e of the nacelle 4 and is disposed in the inner space of the nacelle 4, and is provided so as to be rotatable about the rotation axis C as the nacelle 4 rotates.
  • the second substrate 32A is disposed to face the tower 2A side with respect to the first substrate 31A.
  • the tower 2A is provided with a wall portion 2e extending in the direction along the rotation axis C on the inner side in the radial direction of the flange portion 2b.
  • the wall portion 2e is an annular member, extends from the flange portion 2b to the nacelle 4 side, and an outer peripheral surface thereof faces the wall portion 4c of the nacelle 4 and an inner peripheral surface of the wall portion 4e.
  • the second substrate 32A is fixed to the upper part of the wall 2e. Thus, the second substrate 32A is fixed to the tower 2A via the wall 2e.
  • the position of the second substrate 32A in the rotation direction around the rotation axis C and the position in the direction along the rotation axis C are fixed by the wall 2e and do not rotate with the rotation of the nacelle 4.
  • the first substrate 31A is rotatable relative to the fixed second substrate 32A.
  • the wall 4e is provided with an opening 4f that penetrates in the radial direction
  • the wall 2e is provided with an opening 2f that penetrates in the radial direction. The operator can move between the tower 2A and the nacelle 4 through the opening 4f and the opening 2f.
  • the first substrate 31A is disposed in the internal space of the nacelle 4, and the second substrate 32A is disposed above the upper end 2d of the tower 2A.
  • the diameter of the first substrate 31A is larger than that of the second substrate 32A.
  • the primary coil 35 and the secondary coil 36 shown in FIG. 9 are the same planar coils as the structure shown in FIG.4 and FIG.5, respectively.
  • the primary coil 35 and the secondary coil 36 have the same diameter and are arranged substantially coaxially with the rotation axis C as the center.
  • the primary coil 35 and the secondary coil 36 are arranged close to each other in the direction along the rotation axis C with the first substrate 31A and the second substrate 32A interposed therebetween.
  • the magnetic field coupling is favorably performed between the primary coil 35 and the secondary coil 36, and the transmission efficiency can be increased.
  • FIG. 10 is a cross-sectional view showing a non-contact power transmission unit of a wind turbine generator according to a second modification.
  • the lubricating layer 41 is not provided between the first substrate 31 and the second substrate 32. That is, the first substrate 31 and the second substrate 32 are disposed so that the lower surface 31b of the first substrate 31 and the upper surface 32a of the second substrate 32 are in contact with each other.
  • the first substrate 31 rotates with the rotation of the nacelle 4 and can rotate relative to the fixed second substrate 32.
  • the lower surface 31 b of the first substrate 31 slides and rotates with respect to the upper surface 32 a of the second substrate 32.
  • the friction generated between the first substrate 31 and the second substrate 32 can be reduced.
  • a resin material such as polycarbonate (PC) as the first substrate 31 and the second substrate 32, wear due to friction of the first substrate 31 and the second substrate 32 can be suppressed.
  • the wind turbine generator 1 of the present embodiment is provided with the tower 2, the nacelle 4 that is provided on the top of the tower 2, and rotates with the direction along the axial direction of the tower 2 as the rotation axis C, and the nacelle 4.
  • the generator 20 generates electric power by the rotational force of the wind turbine supported rotatably, the first board 31 fixed to the nacelle 4, the first board 31, and the electric power is supplied from the generator 20.
  • a primary coil 35 first coil
  • a second substrate 32 fixed to the tower 2 a second substrate 32, and opposed to the primary coil 35 across the first substrate 31 and the second substrate 32.
  • a non-contact power transmission unit 10 power transmission unit including a secondary coil 36 (second coil).
  • the non-contact power transmission unit 10 includes a primary coil 35 and a secondary coil 36. The power supplied to the primary coil 35 is subjected to secondary by magnetic field resonance. Transmitting Il 36.
  • the primary coil 35 and the secondary coil 36 are spaced apart from each other with the first substrate 31 and the second substrate 32 interposed therebetween, and the primary coil 35 is changed to the secondary coil 36 by a magnetic field resonance method. Power is transmitted. Therefore, even when the primary coil 35 rotates relative to the secondary coil 36 along with the rotation of the nacelle 4, power consumption is suppressed by suppressing wear due to friction of the primary coil 35 and the secondary coil 36. It can be transmitted well.
  • the primary coil 35 includes a metal wire 55 wound around the rotation axis C in a plane that intersects the rotation axis C, and in a direction along the rotation axis C. It is opposed to the secondary coil 36 and is provided so as to be rotatable with respect to the secondary coil 36 around the rotation axis C. According to this, since the primary coil 35 is provided so as to intersect with the rotation axis C, even if the primary coil 35 rotates with the rotation of the nacelle 4, the primary coil 35 relative to the secondary coil 36. A change in position is suppressed, and a decrease in power transmission efficiency can be suppressed.
  • the primary coil 35 and the secondary coil 36 are close to each other, it is possible to prevent the transmission distance from changing, the mutual inductance from changing, and the resonance frequency from changing. Further, since the frequency can be lowered by shortening the transmission distance, there is an advantage that an increase in loss due to the skin effect and the proximity effect that occurs in the case of a high frequency can be suppressed, and that an inverter can be easily manufactured. It should be noted that the distance between the primary coil 35 and the secondary coil 36 is selected so that the power transmission efficiency is highest as in the design of the magnetic resonance circuit.
  • the first substrate 31 is opposed to the second substrate 32 in the direction along the rotation axis C, and is provided to be rotatable about the rotation axis C with respect to the second substrate 32. ing. According to this, since the primary coil 35 rotates with the rotation of the first substrate 31, the friction between the primary coil 35 and the secondary coil 36 and the friction between the primary coil 35 and the second substrate 32. Therefore, the wear of the primary coil 35 can be suppressed.
  • the lower surface 31b of the first substrate 31 (the surface facing the second substrate 32) and the upper surface 32a of the second substrate 32 (the surface facing the first substrate 31) are in contact with each other. Yes. According to this, since the space
  • a lubrication layer 41 that suppresses friction between the first substrate 31 and the second substrate 32 is provided between the lower surface 31b of the first substrate 31 (the surface facing the second substrate 32) and the upper surface 32a of the second substrate 32 (the surface facing the first substrate 31). According to this, since the lubrication layer 41 suppresses the generation of friction between the first substrate 31 and the second substrate 32, wear of the first substrate 31 and the second substrate 32 can be suppressed.
  • the lubricating layer 41 is lubricating oil.
  • the lubricating layer 41 is a self-lubricating material sheet. According to this, the generation of friction between the first substrate 31 and the second substrate 32 can be reliably suppressed.
  • the first substrate 31 and the second substrate 32 are resin substrates. According to this, since the first substrate 31 and the second substrate 32 do not shield the magnetic field, the primary coil 35 and the secondary coil 36 are magnetically coupled to transmit power efficiently.
  • the non-contact power transmission unit 10 is disposed at a connection portion between the nacelle 4 and the tower 2.
  • the first substrate 31 can be fixed to the nacelle 4
  • the second substrate 32 can be fixed to the tower 2
  • the distance between the primary coil 35 and the secondary coil 36 can be reduced.
  • Power transmission efficiency can be increased.
  • the connecting portion includes a bearing 3 that supports the nacelle 4 so as to be rotatable with respect to the tower 2.
  • the bearing 3 suppresses changes in the axial position of the nacelle 4 with respect to the tower 2. Therefore, in the direction along the rotation axis C, a change in the distance between the primary coil 35 and the secondary coil 36 is suppressed, and a decrease in power transmission efficiency can be suppressed.
  • this invention is not limited by the content of this embodiment, It can change suitably.
  • the structure for fixing the first substrate 31 to the nacelle 4 and the structure for fixing the second substrate 32 to the tower 2 can be appropriately changed.
  • the shapes of the first substrate 31 and the second substrate 32 can also be appropriately changed to shapes suitable for fixing.
  • a simple type windmill that does not have the yaw driving device 15 and has a stabilizer tail at the rear end and changes the direction of the windmill 5 by wind force may be used.

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Abstract

The present invention has: a tower; a nacelle that is provided in the upper portion of the tower and that rotates about a rotation axis which is in a direction along the axial direction of the tower; a power generator which generates power by using the rotational force of a windmill rotatably supported by the nacelle; and a power transmission unit including a first substrate fixed to the nacelle, a first coil which is provided to the first substrate and to which power is supplied from the power generator, a second substrate fixed to the tower, and a second coil which is provided to the second substrate and which faces the first coil across the first substrate and the second substrate. In the power transmission unit, the power supplied to the first coil is transmitted to the second coil by a magnetic field resonance of the first coil with the second coil.

Description

風力発電装置Wind power generator
　本発明は、風力発電装置に関する。 The present invention relates to a wind power generator.
　風力を利用する発電装置は、風を受けて回転する風車と、風車の回転力を電気に変換する発電機とを含む。風車は、タワーの上に設けられたナセルに取り付けられ、発電機はナセル内に配置される。風車が効率良く風を受けるために、ナセルは風の向きに応じて水平面内で回転可能な構造になっている。発電機はナセルとともに回転し、発電機で発生した電力は固定されて動かないタワー内のケーブルを介して外部に送電される（例えば、特許文献１参照）。発電機からの電力を伝送するために、ナセルの回転軸にリングとブラシとが摺動可能に設けられ、リングとブラシとが接触することで発電機の電力が外部に伝送される。 The power generation device using wind power includes a windmill that rotates by receiving wind and a generator that converts the rotational force of the windmill into electricity. A windmill is attached to the nacelle provided on the tower, and a generator is arrange | positioned in a nacelle. In order for the windmill to receive wind efficiently, the nacelle has a structure that can rotate in a horizontal plane according to the direction of the wind. The generator rotates together with the nacelle, and the electric power generated by the generator is transmitted to the outside via a cable in the tower that is fixed and does not move (see, for example, Patent Document 1). In order to transmit electric power from the generator, a ring and a brush are slidably provided on the rotating shaft of the nacelle, and the electric power of the generator is transmitted to the outside when the ring and the brush come into contact with each other.
特開２０１５－１０２０２９号公報Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 2015-102029
　リングとブラシとの接触により電力を伝送する方法では、接触抵抗により電力が熱に変わるため損失が生じる可能性がある。また、ブラシはリングとの摩擦により損耗するため、接触抵抗が増大する場合がある。リングとブラシとを用いずにナセルから電力ケーブルをタワー内に引き出す方法では、ナセルの回転に伴って電力ケーブルのねじれが生じる。電力ケーブルは、繰り返しねじれが発生することで断線が生じる可能性がある。また、一定以上のねじれが生じないように、ナセルが回転した角度の合計を認識して制御する機構が必要となり、機器が複雑になる場合もある。 In the method of transmitting power by contact between the ring and the brush, there is a possibility that loss occurs because the power is changed to heat by the contact resistance. Further, since the brush is worn by friction with the ring, the contact resistance may increase. In the method of drawing the power cable from the nacelle into the tower without using the ring and the brush, the power cable is twisted as the nacelle rotates. The power cable may be disconnected by repeated twisting. In addition, a mechanism for recognizing and controlling the total angle of rotation of the nacelle is necessary so that twisting beyond a certain level does not occur, and the device may be complicated.
　本発明は、上記課題を解決して、電力を効率良く伝送することが可能な風力発電装置を提供することを目的とする。 An object of the present invention is to solve the above-described problems and provide a wind turbine generator that can efficiently transmit power.
　本発明の一態様による風力発電装置は、タワーと、前記タワーの上部に設けられ、前記タワーの軸方向つまり鉛直に沿った方向を回転軸として回転するナセルと、前記ナセルに回転可能に支持された風車の回転力により電力を発生する発電機と、前記ナセルに固定された第１基板と、前記第１基板に設けられ、前記発電機から電力が供給される第１コイルと、前記タワーに固定された第２基板と、前記第２基板に設けられ、前記第１基板及び前記第２基板を挟んで前記第１コイルと対向する第２コイルと、を含む電力伝送部と、を有し、前記電力伝送部は、前記第１コイルが前記第２コイルと磁界共鳴して、前記第１コイルに供給された前記電力を前記第２コイルに伝送する。 A wind turbine generator according to an aspect of the present invention is provided with a tower, a nacelle that is provided at an upper portion of the tower, and that rotates about an axial direction of the tower, that is, a direction along a vertical axis, as a rotation axis. A generator for generating electric power by the rotational force of the wind turbine, a first board fixed to the nacelle, a first coil provided on the first board and supplied with electric power from the generator, and the tower A power transmission unit including: a fixed second substrate; and a second coil provided on the second substrate and opposed to the first coil with the first substrate and the second substrate interposed therebetween. The power transmission unit transmits the power supplied to the first coil to the second coil by causing the first coil to magnetically resonate with the second coil.
　これによれば、第１コイルと第２コイルとが、第１基板及び第２基板を挟んで離隔して配置されて、磁界共鳴方式により第１コイルから第２コイルに電力が伝送される。したがって、ナセルの回転とともに第１コイルが回転した場合であっても、第１コイル及び第２コイルの摩擦による損耗を抑制して電力を効率良く伝送することができる。 According to this, the first coil and the second coil are spaced apart from each other with the first substrate and the second substrate interposed therebetween, and power is transmitted from the first coil to the second coil by the magnetic field resonance method. Therefore, even when the first coil rotates together with the rotation of the nacelle, it is possible to efficiently transmit power while suppressing wear due to friction of the first coil and the second coil.
　本発明の望ましい態様として、前記第１コイルは、前記回転軸に交差する面内において、前記回転軸の周囲に巻回された金属配線を含み、前記回転軸に沿った方向において前記第２コイルと対向し、前記回転軸を中心として前記第２コイルに対して回転可能に設けられている。これによれば、回転軸と交差して第１コイルが設けられるので、ナセルの回転とともに第１コイルが回転した場合であっても、第２コイルに対する第１コイルの相対位置の変化が抑制され、電力の伝送効率の低下を抑制できる。また、第１コイルと第２コイルとが近接することで、伝送距離が変化して相互インダクタンスが変化し共振周波数が変化することを抑制できる。また、伝送距離の短縮により周波数の低下を図ることができるため、高周波の場合に起こる表皮効果及び近接効果による損失増大を抑制できるうえ、インバータの製作が容易という利点もある。なお、第１コイルと第２コイルの距離は、磁気共鳴回路の設計と同様にもっとも電力の伝送効率が高くなる条件を選択するものとする。 As a preferred aspect of the present invention, the first coil includes a metal wire wound around the rotation axis in a plane intersecting the rotation axis, and the second coil in a direction along the rotation axis. It is provided so as to be rotatable with respect to the second coil around the rotation axis. According to this, since the first coil is provided so as to intersect the rotation axis, even if the first coil rotates with the rotation of the nacelle, a change in the relative position of the first coil with respect to the second coil is suppressed. In addition, a decrease in power transmission efficiency can be suppressed. Moreover, it can suppress that a transmission distance changes, a mutual inductance changes, and a resonant frequency changes because a 1st coil and a 2nd coil adjoin. Further, since the frequency can be lowered by shortening the transmission distance, there is an advantage that an increase in loss due to the skin effect and the proximity effect that occurs in the case of a high frequency can be suppressed, and that an inverter can be easily manufactured. It should be noted that the distance between the first coil and the second coil is selected such that the power transmission efficiency is highest as in the design of the magnetic resonance circuit.
　本発明の望ましい態様として、前記第１基板は、前記回転軸に沿った方向において前記第２基板と対向し、前記第２基板に対して前記回転軸を中心として回転可能に設けられている。これによれば、第１基板の回転とともに第１コイルが回転するため、第１コイルと他の部材との間の摩擦による損耗を抑制することができる。 As a desirable aspect of the present invention, the first substrate faces the second substrate in a direction along the rotation axis, and is provided to be rotatable about the rotation axis with respect to the second substrate. According to this, since the first coil rotates together with the rotation of the first substrate, it is possible to suppress wear due to friction between the first coil and another member.
　本発明の望ましい態様として、前記第１基板の前記第２基板に対向する面と、前記第２基板の前記第１基板に対向する面とが接している。これによれば、第１基板と第２基板との間の間隔が小さくなり、第１コイルと第２コイルとの距離を小さくすることができるので、電力の伝送効率を高めることができる。 As a desirable aspect of the present invention, a surface of the first substrate that faces the second substrate is in contact with a surface of the second substrate that faces the first substrate. According to this, since the space | interval between a 1st board | substrate and a 2nd board | substrate becomes small and the distance of a 1st coil and a 2nd coil can be made small, the transmission efficiency of electric power can be improved.
　本発明の望ましい態様として、前記第１基板の前記第２基板に対向する面と、前記第２基板の前記第１基板に対向する面との間に、前記第１基板と前記第２基板との摩擦を抑制する潤滑層が設けられている。これによれば、潤滑層により、第１基板と第２基板との間の摩擦が抑制されるので、第１基板及び第２基板の損耗を抑制できる。 As a desirable aspect of the present invention, the first substrate and the second substrate are disposed between a surface of the first substrate facing the second substrate and a surface of the second substrate facing the first substrate. A lubricating layer that suppresses the friction is provided. According to this, since the friction between the first substrate and the second substrate is suppressed by the lubricating layer, wear of the first substrate and the second substrate can be suppressed.
　本発明の望ましい態様として、前記潤滑層は、潤滑油である。これによれば、確実に第１基板と第２基板との間の摩擦を抑制することができる。 As a desirable aspect of the present invention, the lubricating layer is a lubricating oil. According to this, it is possible to reliably suppress friction between the first substrate and the second substrate.
　本発明の望ましい態様として、前記潤滑層は、自己潤滑性素材のシートである。これによれば、確実に第１基板と第２基板との間の摩擦を抑制することができる。 As a desirable mode of the present invention, the lubricating layer is a sheet of a self-lubricating material. According to this, it is possible to reliably suppress friction between the first substrate and the second substrate.
　本発明の望ましい態様として、前記第１基板及び前記第２基板は、樹脂基板である。これによれば、第１基板及び第２基板は、磁界を遮蔽しないので、第１コイルと第２コイルとが磁界結合して、電力を効率良く伝送することができる。 As a desirable aspect of the present invention, the first substrate and the second substrate are resin substrates. According to this, since the first substrate and the second substrate do not shield the magnetic field, the first coil and the second coil are magnetically coupled to transmit power efficiently.
　本発明の望ましい態様として、前記電力伝送部は、前記ナセルと前記タワーとの接続部に配置される。これによれば、第１基板をナセルに固定し、第２基板をタワーに固定するとともに、第１コイルと第２コイルとの距離を小さくして配置することができるので、電力の伝送効率を高めることができる。 As a desirable mode of the present invention, the power transmission unit is disposed at a connection portion between the nacelle and the tower. According to this, the first substrate can be fixed to the nacelle, the second substrate can be fixed to the tower, and the distance between the first coil and the second coil can be reduced, so that the power transmission efficiency can be improved. Can be increased.
　本発明の望ましい態様として、前記接続部は、前記ナセルを前記タワーに対して回転可能に支持する軸受を含む。これによれば、軸受により、ナセルのタワーに対する軸方向の位置の変化が抑制される。したがって、第１コイルと第２コイルとの距離の変化が抑制され、電力の伝送効率の低下を抑制できる。 As a desirable mode of the present invention, the connecting portion includes a bearing that rotatably supports the nacelle with respect to the tower. According to this, the change of the position of the axial direction with respect to the tower of a nacelle is suppressed by a bearing. Therefore, a change in the distance between the first coil and the second coil is suppressed, and a decrease in power transmission efficiency can be suppressed.
　本発明の風力発電装置によれば、電力を効率良く伝送することが可能である。 According to the wind power generator of the present invention, it is possible to transmit power efficiently.
図１は、実施形態に係る風力発電装置を示す側面図である。FIG. 1 is a side view showing a wind turbine generator according to an embodiment. 図２は、実施形態に係る風力発電装置の構成の一例を示すブロック図である。FIG. 2 is a block diagram illustrating an example of the configuration of the wind turbine generator according to the embodiment. 図３は、実施形態に係るナセルとタワーとの接続部を示す断面図である。FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view illustrating a connection portion between the nacelle and the tower according to the embodiment. 図４は、実施形態に係る非接触式電力伝送部の第１基板及び１次コイルを示す平面図である。FIG. 4 is a plan view showing a first substrate and a primary coil of the non-contact power transmission unit according to the embodiment. 図５は、実施形態に係る非接触式電力伝送部の第２基板及び２次コイルを示す平面図である。FIG. 5 is a plan view showing a second substrate and a secondary coil of the non-contact power transmission unit according to the embodiment. 図６は、図４及び図５のＶＩ－ＶＩ’線に沿う断面図である。FIG. 6 is a cross-sectional view taken along the line VI-VI ′ of FIGS. 4 and 5. 図７は、実施形態に係る非接触式電力伝送部の磁界共鳴方式の電力伝送を説明するための説明図である。FIG. 7 is an explanatory diagram for explaining magnetic field resonance type power transmission of the contactless power transmission unit according to the embodiment. 図８は、実施形態に係る非接触式電力伝送部の等価回路を示す回路図である。FIG. 8 is a circuit diagram illustrating an equivalent circuit of the contactless power transmission unit according to the embodiment. 図９は、第１変形例に係る風力発電装置の断面図である。FIG. 9 is a cross-sectional view of a wind turbine generator according to a first modification. 図１０は、第２変形例に係る風力発電装置の非接触式電力伝送部を示す断面図である。FIG. 10 is a cross-sectional view showing a non-contact power transmission unit of a wind turbine generator according to a second modification.
　以下、本発明に係る風力発電装置の実施形態について、図面を参照して詳細に説明する。なお、以下の実施形態によりこの発明が限定されるものではない。また、実施形態の構成要素には、発明の同一性を維持しつつ置換可能かつ置換自明なものが含まれる。また、実施形態に記載された方法、装置及び変形例は、当業者自明の範囲内にて任意に組み合わせが可能である。 Hereinafter, embodiments of a wind turbine generator according to the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the drawings. In addition, this invention is not limited by the following embodiment. In addition, the constituent elements of the embodiment include those that can be replaced while maintaining the identity of the invention and that are obvious for replacement. In addition, the methods, apparatuses, and modifications described in the embodiments can be arbitrarily combined within the scope obvious to those skilled in the art.
（実施形態）
　図１は、実施形態に係る風力発電装置を示す側面図である。図２は、実施形態に係る風力発電装置の構成の一例を示すブロック図である。図１に示すように、風力発電装置１は、水平軸型のプロペラ風車であって、タワー２と、ナセル４と、風車５と、ハブ６とを有する。 (Embodiment)
FIG. 1 is a side view showing a wind turbine generator according to an embodiment. FIG. 2 is a block diagram illustrating an example of the configuration of the wind turbine generator according to the embodiment. As shown in FIG. 1, the wind turbine generator 1 is a horizontal axis type propeller windmill, and includes a tower 2, a nacelle 4, a windmill 5, and a hub 6.
　タワー２は、地面から上方に立ち上がる柱である。タワー２は、内部に空間を有する筒状の柱であり、例えば地中に埋め込まれた基礎に固定されている。タワー２の内部空間に、ケーブル８、電力変換装置１８、制御部１００等が配置されている。 Tower 2 is a pillar that rises upward from the ground. The tower 2 is a cylindrical column having a space inside, and is fixed to, for example, a foundation embedded in the ground. In the internal space of the tower 2, the cable 8, the power converter 18, the control unit 100, and the like are arranged.
　ナセル４は、内部に空間を有する箱状の筐体であり、タワー２の上部に設けられている。ナセル４は、タワー２の軸方向に沿った回転軸Ｃ（ヨー軸）を中心軸として回転可能に設けられている。図２に示すように、ナセル４の内部に、ヨー駆動装置１５、計測装置１６、増速機１９、発電機２０が配置されている。また、ナセル４とタワー２との接続部分に非接触式電力伝送部１０が配置されている。 The nacelle 4 is a box-shaped housing having a space inside, and is provided on the top of the tower 2. The nacelle 4 is rotatably provided with a rotation axis C (yaw axis) along the axial direction of the tower 2 as a central axis. As shown in FIG. 2, a yaw driving device 15, a measuring device 16, a speed increaser 19, and a generator 20 are arranged inside the nacelle 4. Further, a non-contact power transmission unit 10 is disposed at a connection portion between the nacelle 4 and the tower 2.
　図１に示すように、ナセル４の側面に、ハブ６を介して風車５が設けられている。風車５は複数のブレード７を有して構成される。図１では、２つのブレード７を示しているが、ブレード７は３つ、或いは４つ以上設けられ、水平方向に沿った回転軸Ｚを中心に放射状に設けられる。風車５は、回転軸Ｚに沿った方向の風を受けると、ブレード７に揚力が生じることにより回転軸Ｚを中心に回転する。 As shown in FIG. 1, a windmill 5 is provided on a side surface of the nacelle 4 via a hub 6. The wind turbine 5 includes a plurality of blades 7. In FIG. 1, two blades 7 are shown, but three or four or more blades 7 are provided, and are provided radially about the rotation axis Z along the horizontal direction. When the wind turbine 5 receives wind in the direction along the rotation axis Z, the blade 7 rotates about the rotation axis Z by generating lift.
　タワー２の高さは、風車５の半径の寸法、すなわち１つのブレード７の径方向の寸法よりも高くなっており、風車５が安定した風を受けられるように地上設置面から十分な高さに設定されている。 The height of the tower 2 is higher than the radial dimension of the wind turbine 5, that is, the radial dimension of one blade 7, and is sufficiently high from the ground installation surface so that the wind turbine 5 can receive a stable wind. Is set to
　図２に示すように、風車５が回転すると、風車５の回転軸であるロータ１３が風車５とともに回転する。風車５の回転は、ロータ１３を介して増速機１９に伝達される。増速機１９は、例えばギアボックスであり、風車５からの回転を発電機２０に必要な回転数に増速させる機構である。増速機１９の回転は、主軸１４を介して発電機２０に伝達される。なお、増速機１９が設けられておらず、ロータ１３が発電機２０に直結された構成であってもよい。 As shown in FIG. 2, when the windmill 5 rotates, the rotor 13 that is the rotation shaft of the windmill 5 rotates together with the windmill 5. The rotation of the windmill 5 is transmitted to the speed increaser 19 via the rotor 13. The speed increaser 19 is, for example, a gear box, and is a mechanism that increases the rotation from the windmill 5 to a rotational speed necessary for the generator 20. The rotation of the speed increaser 19 is transmitted to the generator 20 via the main shaft 14. Note that the speed increaser 19 is not provided, and the rotor 13 may be directly connected to the generator 20.
　発電機２０は、主軸１４から入力された回転力により、電力を発生する。発電機２０から出力された電力は、非接触式電力伝送部１０に供給される。非接触式電力伝送部１０は、後述するように、磁界共鳴を利用して、非接触で配置された１対のコイル同士の間で電力を伝送する。非接触式電力伝送部１０は、発電機２０からの電力をタワー２（図１参照）内に配置されたケーブル８を介して電力変換装置１８に伝送する。電力変換装置１８は、供給された電力を、外部の変電所等の電力系統に適した周波数や電圧に変換して、外部の電力系統に出力する装置である。 The generator 20 generates electric power by the rotational force input from the main shaft 14. The power output from the generator 20 is supplied to the contactless power transmission unit 10. As will be described later, the non-contact power transmission unit 10 transmits power between a pair of coils arranged in a non-contact manner using magnetic field resonance. The non-contact power transmission unit 10 transmits the power from the generator 20 to the power conversion device 18 via the cable 8 disposed in the tower 2 (see FIG. 1). The power conversion device 18 is a device that converts supplied power into a frequency and voltage suitable for a power system such as an external substation and outputs the converted power to the external power system.
　また、計測装置１６は、例えば風の方向を計測する風向計や、風速を計測する風速計を含む。ヨー駆動装置１５は、計測装置１６の情報に基づいて、風車５が効率良く風を受けることができるように、回転軸Ｃ（図１参照）を中心にナセル４を回転駆動させる。 The measuring device 16 includes, for example, an anemometer that measures the direction of the wind and an anemometer that measures the wind speed. The yaw drive device 15 rotates the nacelle 4 around the rotation axis C (see FIG. 1) so that the windmill 5 can receive wind efficiently based on the information of the measurement device 16.
　制御部１００は、ロータ１３の回転速度の情報や、計測装置１６の風向等の情報や、発電機２０の電力の情報を受け取って、ナセル４の内部の各種機器に制御信号を出力する回路である。制御部１００は、ＣＰＵ（Ｃｅｎｔｒａｌ　Ｐｒｏｃｅｓｓｉｎｇ　Ｕｎｉｔ）と、ＲＯＭ（Ｒｅａｄ　Ｏｎｌｙ　Ｍｅｍｏｒｙ）、ＲＡＭ（Ｒａｎｄｏｍ　Ａｃｃｅｓｓ　Ｍｅｍｏｒｙ）等のメモリと、フラッシュメモリ、ハードディスクドライブ等の記憶部とを備える。制御部１００の発電機２０等に対する制御は、ＣＰＵが演算プログラムをＲＡＭ等に読み出して情報を演算処理することにより実現される。 The control unit 100 is a circuit that receives information on the rotational speed of the rotor 13, information on the wind direction of the measuring device 16, and information on the power of the generator 20, and outputs control signals to various devices inside the nacelle 4. is there. The control unit 100 includes a CPU (Central Processing Unit), a memory such as a ROM (Read Only Memory) and a RAM (Random Access Memory), and a storage unit such as a flash memory and a hard disk drive. Control of the control unit 100 with respect to the generator 20 and the like is realized by the CPU reading an arithmetic program into a RAM or the like and performing arithmetic processing on information.
　以上のような構成により、風力発電装置１は、風を受けて回転する風車５の回転力を電力に変換することができる。なお、図１及び図２に示す風力発電装置１は、あくまで一例であり、適宜変更することができる。例えば、ナセル４の内部には、風車５のピッチ角を変化させるピッチ駆動装置や、風力発電装置１の停止時に主軸１４の回転を停止させるブレーキ装置等が設けられていてもよい。 With the configuration as described above, the wind turbine generator 1 can convert the rotational force of the wind turbine 5 that rotates by receiving wind into electric power. In addition, the wind power generator 1 shown in FIG.1 and FIG.2 is an example to the last, and can be changed suitably. For example, the nacelle 4 may be provided with a pitch driving device that changes the pitch angle of the windmill 5, a brake device that stops the rotation of the main shaft 14 when the wind power generator 1 is stopped, and the like.
　図３は、実施形態に係るナセルとタワーとの接続部を示す断面図である。図３に示すように、ナセル４とタワー２との間に軸受３が設けられている。軸受３は、外輪３ａと、転動体３ｂと、内輪３ｃとを有する転がり軸受であり、ナセル４をタワー２に対して回転可能に支持する。また、ナセル４とタワー２との接続部に非接触式電力伝送部１０が配置されている。 FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view showing a connecting portion between the nacelle and the tower according to the embodiment. As shown in FIG. 3, a bearing 3 is provided between the nacelle 4 and the tower 2. The bearing 3 is a rolling bearing having an outer ring 3 a, a rolling element 3 b, and an inner ring 3 c, and supports the nacelle 4 to be rotatable with respect to the tower 2. Further, a non-contact power transmission unit 10 is disposed at a connection portion between the nacelle 4 and the tower 2.
　具体的には、タワー２は、柱部２ａと、フランジ部２ｂと、支持部２ｃと、上端部２ｄとを含む。柱部２ａは、回転軸Ｃに沿った方向に延びる筒状の部材である。フランジ部２ｂは、柱部２ａの内周面から径方向の内側に延び、回転軸Ｃに沿った方向から見たときに環状となる板状の部材である。支持部２ｃは、フランジ部２ｂの上部に設けられた環状の部材であり、軸受３の外輪３ａを軸方向に支持する。上端部２ｄは、支持部２ｃの上に設けられ、径方向の厚さが支持部２ｃよりも薄い環状の部材である。軸受３の外輪３ａは、上端部２ｄの内周面に固定される。 Specifically, the tower 2 includes a column part 2a, a flange part 2b, a support part 2c, and an upper end part 2d. The column part 2a is a cylindrical member extending in a direction along the rotation axis C. The flange portion 2b is a plate-like member that extends inward in the radial direction from the inner peripheral surface of the column portion 2a and is annular when viewed from the direction along the rotation axis C. The support portion 2c is an annular member provided on the upper portion of the flange portion 2b, and supports the outer ring 3a of the bearing 3 in the axial direction. The upper end 2d is an annular member that is provided on the support 2c and is thinner in the radial direction than the support 2c. The outer ring 3a of the bearing 3 is fixed to the inner peripheral surface of the upper end 2d.
　ナセル４は、底板４ａと、支持部４ｂと、壁部４ｃとを含む。底板４ａは、タワー２の内部空間に連通する開口４ｄが設けられている。支持部４ｂは、底板４ａの径方向の内側において、タワー２側に向かって突出し、軸受３の内輪３ｃを軸方向に支持する。壁部４ｃは、支持部４ｂの径方向の内側において、タワー２の内部空間に突出する環状の部材である。軸受３の内輪３ｃは、壁部４ｃの外周面に固定される。ナセル４は、壁部４ｃ及び軸受３を介してタワー２と接続され、タワー２に対する径方向の位置が固定される。 The nacelle 4 includes a bottom plate 4a, a support portion 4b, and a wall portion 4c. The bottom plate 4 a is provided with an opening 4 d that communicates with the internal space of the tower 2. The support portion 4b protrudes toward the tower 2 side on the inner side in the radial direction of the bottom plate 4a, and supports the inner ring 3c of the bearing 3 in the axial direction. The wall 4c is an annular member that protrudes into the internal space of the tower 2 on the inner side in the radial direction of the support 4b. The inner ring 3c of the bearing 3 is fixed to the outer peripheral surface of the wall 4c. The nacelle 4 is connected to the tower 2 via the wall 4c and the bearing 3, and the radial position with respect to the tower 2 is fixed.
　このような構成により、軸受３は、ナセル４をタワー２に対して回転可能に支持する。なお、図３に示す、ナセル４とタワー２との接続構造はあくまで一例であり、適宜変更することができる。例えば、複数の軸受３を軸方向に隣り合って設けてもよい。また、軸受３は、スラスト軸受を用いてもよい。 With such a configuration, the bearing 3 supports the nacelle 4 to be rotatable with respect to the tower 2. In addition, the connection structure of the nacelle 4 and the tower 2 shown in FIG. 3 is an example to the last, and can be changed suitably. For example, a plurality of bearings 3 may be provided adjacent to each other in the axial direction. The bearing 3 may be a thrust bearing.
　図３に示すように、非接触式電力伝送部１０は、第１基板３１と、第１基板３１の上面に設けられた１次コイル３５と、第２基板３２と、第２基板３２の下面に設けられた２次コイル３６とを有する。第１基板３１の下面と第２基板３２の上面との間には、潤滑層４１が設けられている。第１基板３１は、径方向の外側においてナセル４の壁部４ｃの下端部に固定されている。また、第２基板３２は、タワー２のフランジ部２ｂの径方向内側の端部に固定されている。すなわち、非接触式電力伝送部１０は、タワー２の内部空間において、ナセル４とタワー２との接続部に配置される。 As shown in FIG. 3, the non-contact power transmission unit 10 includes a first substrate 31, a primary coil 35 provided on the upper surface of the first substrate 31, a second substrate 32, and a lower surface of the second substrate 32. And a secondary coil 36 provided in the. A lubricating layer 41 is provided between the lower surface of the first substrate 31 and the upper surface of the second substrate 32. The first substrate 31 is fixed to the lower end portion of the wall portion 4c of the nacelle 4 on the outer side in the radial direction. The second substrate 32 is fixed to the radially inner end of the flange portion 2 b of the tower 2. That is, the non-contact power transmission unit 10 is disposed at the connection portion between the nacelle 4 and the tower 2 in the internal space of the tower 2.
　このような構成により、第１基板３１はナセル４に固定され、ナセル４の回転とともに回転軸Ｃを中心に回転する。また、第１基板３１の回転軸Ｃに沿った方向の位置は、軸受３及び壁部４ｃにより固定される。一方、第２基板３２はタワー２に固定されており、ナセル４の回転とともに回転しない。すなわち、第２基板３２の回転軸Ｃを中心とする回転方向の位置、及び回転軸Ｃに沿った方向の位置は、フランジ部２ｂにより固定される。第１基板３１は、固定された第２基板３２に対して相対的に回転可能になっている。 With such a configuration, the first substrate 31 is fixed to the nacelle 4 and rotates around the rotation axis C as the nacelle 4 rotates. Further, the position of the first substrate 31 in the direction along the rotation axis C is fixed by the bearing 3 and the wall 4c. On the other hand, the second substrate 32 is fixed to the tower 2 and does not rotate with the rotation of the nacelle 4. That is, the position of the second substrate 32 in the rotation direction around the rotation axis C and the position in the direction along the rotation axis C are fixed by the flange portion 2b. The first substrate 31 is rotatable relative to the fixed second substrate 32.
　１次コイル３５の端子部３５ａは、接続配線４５を介して発電機２０と接続される。また、２次コイル３６の端子部３６ａは、接続配線４６を介して、タワー２の内部空間に固定されたケーブル８と接続される。非接触式電力伝送部１０は、離隔して配置された１次コイル３５と２次コイル３６との間の磁界共鳴を利用して、１次コイル３５に供給された発電機２０からの電力を２次コイル３６に伝送する。 The terminal portion 35 a of the primary coil 35 is connected to the generator 20 via the connection wiring 45. Further, the terminal portion 36 a of the secondary coil 36 is connected to the cable 8 fixed in the internal space of the tower 2 through the connection wiring 46. The non-contact type power transmission unit 10 uses the magnetic field resonance between the primary coil 35 and the secondary coil 36 that are arranged apart from each other to generate power from the generator 20 that is supplied to the primary coil 35. Transmit to the secondary coil 36.
　このような構成により、ナセル４の回転とともに第１基板３１及び１次コイル３５が回転した場合であっても、１次コイル３５及び２次コイル３６の摩擦による損耗を抑制して電力を効率良く伝送することができる。１次コイル３５及び２次コイル３６は、摩擦による損耗が抑制されるので、例えば、リングとブラシとを摺動させて接触する構成に比べて、長寿命化が可能である。上述のようにナセル４は、風を効率良く受けることができるように高いタワー２の上部に設けられているので、ナセル４に含まれる機器の交換作業における作業者の負担が大きくなる。本実施形態においては、１次コイル３５及び２次コイル３６の長寿命化が可能であり、交換の頻度、及び点検の頻度を少なくすることができ、作業者の負担を低減することができる。 With such a configuration, even when the first substrate 31 and the primary coil 35 rotate together with the rotation of the nacelle 4, the wear due to friction of the primary coil 35 and the secondary coil 36 is suppressed, and the power is efficiently supplied. Can be transmitted. Since the primary coil 35 and the secondary coil 36 are prevented from being worn due to friction, for example, the life can be extended as compared with a configuration in which a ring and a brush are slid and contacted. As described above, since the nacelle 4 is provided on the upper portion of the tower 2 so as to be able to receive wind efficiently, the burden on the operator in exchanging the equipment included in the nacelle 4 increases. In the present embodiment, the lifetime of the primary coil 35 and the secondary coil 36 can be extended, the frequency of replacement and inspection can be reduced, and the burden on the operator can be reduced.
　また、第１基板３１は、回転軸Ｃを中心軸として、第２基板３２に対して相対的に回転可能になっており、第２基板３２はタワー２に対して固定された状態で、電力の伝送が可能である。したがって、タワー２の内部空間に固定されたケーブル８に対して、第２基板３２及び２次コイル３６の位置は変化しないので、ナセル４が回転した場合であっても、ケーブル８のねじれが抑制される。したがって、本実施形態の非接触式電力伝送部１０は、ケーブル８や接続配線４６における抵抗の増大や断線等を抑制して、電力を効率良く伝送することができる。また、ケーブル８のねじれが抑制されるので、ナセル４の回転駆動がケーブル８のねじれによって規制されず、ナセル４を風向きや風速に対応した適切な方向に回転させることができ、ブレード７の破損を抑制することが可能である。 Further, the first substrate 31 is rotatable relative to the second substrate 32 with the rotation axis C as the central axis, and the second substrate 32 is fixed to the tower 2 in a power state. Can be transmitted. Therefore, since the positions of the second substrate 32 and the secondary coil 36 do not change with respect to the cable 8 fixed in the internal space of the tower 2, the twist of the cable 8 is suppressed even when the nacelle 4 rotates. Is done. Therefore, the non-contact power transmission unit 10 of the present embodiment can efficiently transmit power while suppressing an increase in resistance or disconnection in the cable 8 or the connection wiring 46. Further, since the twisting of the cable 8 is suppressed, the rotational driving of the nacelle 4 is not restricted by the twisting of the cable 8, and the nacelle 4 can be rotated in an appropriate direction corresponding to the wind direction and the wind speed. Can be suppressed.
　次に、非接触式電力伝送部１０の構成について説明する。図４は、実施形態に係る非接触式電力伝送部の第１基板及び１次コイルを示す平面図である。図５は、実施形態に係る非接触式電力伝送部の第２基板及び２次コイルを示す平面図である。図６は、図４及び図５のＶＩ－ＶＩ’線に沿う断面図である。なお、図４は、第１基板３１を上面３１ａ側から見たときの平面図であり、図５は、第２基板３２を下面３２ｂ側から見たときの平面図である。 Next, the configuration of the non-contact power transmission unit 10 will be described. FIG. 4 is a plan view showing a first substrate and a primary coil of the non-contact power transmission unit according to the embodiment. FIG. 5 is a plan view showing a second substrate and a secondary coil of the non-contact power transmission unit according to the embodiment. FIG. 6 is a cross-sectional view taken along the line VI-VI ′ of FIGS. 4 and 5. 4 is a plan view when the first substrate 31 is viewed from the upper surface 31a side, and FIG. 5 is a plan view when the second substrate 32 is viewed from the lower surface 32b side.
　図４に示すように、第１基板３１は、平面視で円形状である。第１基板３１の上面３１ａに１次コイル３５が設けられる。１次コイル３５は、回転軸Ｃの周囲に巻回された金属配線５５により構成される平面コイルである。金属配線５５は、第１基板３１の上面３１ａ、すなわち回転軸Ｃと交差する平面内において、回転軸Ｃを中心にらせん状に設けられる。１次コイル３５の端子部３５ａが発電機２０に接続される。上述のように、第１基板３１及び１次コイル３５は、ナセル４の回転とともに、回転軸Ｃを中心に矢印Ｄに示す方向に回転可能になっている。 As shown in FIG. 4, the first substrate 31 has a circular shape in plan view. A primary coil 35 is provided on the upper surface 31 a of the first substrate 31. The primary coil 35 is a planar coil composed of a metal wire 55 wound around the rotation axis C. The metal wiring 55 is provided in a spiral shape around the rotation axis C in the upper surface 31 a of the first substrate 31, that is, in a plane intersecting with the rotation axis C. A terminal portion 35 a of the primary coil 35 is connected to the generator 20. As described above, the first substrate 31 and the primary coil 35 are rotatable in the direction indicated by the arrow D around the rotation axis C as the nacelle 4 rotates.
　図５に示すように、第２基板３２は、平面視で円形状である。第２基板３２の下面３２ｂに２次コイル３６が設けられる。２次コイル３６は、回転軸Ｃの周囲に巻回された金属配線５６により構成される平面コイルである。金属配線５６は、第２基板３２の下面３２ｂ、すなわち回転軸Ｃと交差する平面内において、回転軸Ｃを中心にらせん状に設けられる。２次コイル３６の端子部３６ａがケーブル８（図３参照）を介して電力変換装置１８に接続される。上述のように、第２基板３２及び２次コイル３６は、タワー２に対して固定されている。 As shown in FIG. 5, the second substrate 32 has a circular shape in plan view. A secondary coil 36 is provided on the lower surface 32 b of the second substrate 32. The secondary coil 36 is a planar coil constituted by a metal wiring 56 wound around the rotation axis C. The metal wiring 56 is provided in a spiral shape around the rotation axis C in the lower surface 32 b of the second substrate 32, that is, in a plane intersecting with the rotation axis C. The terminal part 36a of the secondary coil 36 is connected to the power converter 18 via the cable 8 (see FIG. 3). As described above, the second substrate 32 and the secondary coil 36 are fixed to the tower 2.
　本実施形態において、第１基板３１と第２基板３２とは、実質的に等しい直径を有している。また、１次コイル３５と２次コイル３６とは、実質的に等しい直径を有し、同じ巻き数を有している。なお、図４及び図５では、１次コイル３５及び２次コイル３６は、３回の巻き数を有しているが、これに限定されず、適宜変更することができる。また、１次コイル３５及び２次コイル３６は、円形状に限定されず、例えば、四角形状、多角形状、長円形状等の他の形状であってもよい。 In the present embodiment, the first substrate 31 and the second substrate 32 have substantially the same diameter. Further, the primary coil 35 and the secondary coil 36 have substantially the same diameter and the same number of turns. In FIGS. 4 and 5, the primary coil 35 and the secondary coil 36 have three windings, but are not limited thereto and can be changed as appropriate. Moreover, the primary coil 35 and the secondary coil 36 are not limited to circular shape, For example, other shapes, such as square shape, polygonal shape, and ellipse shape, may be sufficient.
　図６に示すように、第１基板３１の下面３１ｂと第２基板３２の上面３２ａとが互いに対向して配置される。第１基板３１の下面３１ｂと第２基板３２の上面３２ａとの間には、潤滑層４１が設けられている。潤滑層４１として、例えばタービン油、ギア油、グリース等の潤滑油が用いられる。或いは、潤滑層４１として、ポリテトラフルオロエチレン（ＰＴＦＥ：ｐｏｌｙｔｅｔｒａｆｌｕｏｒｏｅｔｈｙｌｅｎｅ）等のフッ素樹脂シートや、ポリアミド（ＰＡ）等のナイロン系シートや、ポリアセタール（ＰＯＭ）樹脂シートなどの自己潤滑性を持つシートを用いることができる。 As shown in FIG. 6, the lower surface 31b of the first substrate 31 and the upper surface 32a of the second substrate 32 are arranged to face each other. A lubricating layer 41 is provided between the lower surface 31 b of the first substrate 31 and the upper surface 32 a of the second substrate 32. As the lubricating layer 41, for example, lubricating oil such as turbine oil, gear oil, and grease is used. Alternatively, as the lubricating layer 41, a self-lubricating sheet such as a fluororesin sheet such as polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE), a nylon sheet such as polyamide (PA), or a polyacetal (POM) resin sheet is used. be able to.
　第１基板３１は、潤滑層４１を挟んで第２基板３２と対向した状態で、回転軸Ｃを中心として、第２基板３２に対して相対的に回転可能になっている。潤滑層４１を設けているので、第１基板３１と第２基板３２との摩擦が低減され、第１基板３１と第２基板３２との摩擦による損耗を抑制できる。また、第１基板３１及び第２基板３２は、例えばポリカーボネート（ＰＣ）、ＡＢＳ樹脂（アクリロニトリル（Ａｃｒｙｌｏｎｉｔｒｉｌｅ）、ブタジエン（Ｂｕｔａｄｉｅｎｅ）、スチレン（Ｓｔｙｒｅｎｅ）の共重合合成樹脂）、フェノール樹脂等の樹脂基板である。 The first substrate 31 is rotatable relative to the second substrate 32 around the rotation axis C in a state of facing the second substrate 32 with the lubricating layer 41 interposed therebetween. Since the lubrication layer 41 is provided, friction between the first substrate 31 and the second substrate 32 is reduced, and wear due to friction between the first substrate 31 and the second substrate 32 can be suppressed. The first substrate 31 and the second substrate 32 are resin substrates such as polycarbonate (PC), ABS resin (copolymer synthetic resin of acrylonitrile, butadiene, styrene), and phenol resin. is there.
　１次コイル３５と２次コイル３６は、第１基板３１及び第２基板３２を挟んで回転軸Ｃに沿った方向において対向して配置される。図６に示すように、１次コイル３５を覆う保護層３７が設けられている。また、２次コイル３６を覆う保護層３８が設けられている。なお、保護層３７及び保護層３８は、図３から図５では、省略して示している。保護層３７及び保護層３８が設けられているので、１次コイル３５及び２次コイル３６の腐食や、他の部材と接触したときの損傷が抑制される。 The primary coil 35 and the secondary coil 36 are arranged to face each other in the direction along the rotation axis C with the first substrate 31 and the second substrate 32 interposed therebetween. As shown in FIG. 6, a protective layer 37 that covers the primary coil 35 is provided. A protective layer 38 that covers the secondary coil 36 is provided. Note that the protective layer 37 and the protective layer 38 are omitted in FIGS. 3 to 5. Since the protective layer 37 and the protective layer 38 are provided, corrosion of the primary coil 35 and the secondary coil 36 and damage when contacting with other members are suppressed.
　上述したように、本実施形態の非接触式電力伝送部１０において、離隔して配置された１次コイル３５と２次コイル３６との間の磁界共鳴を利用して電力の伝送が行われる。図７は、実施形態に係る非接触式電力伝送部の磁界共鳴方式の電力伝送を説明するための説明図である。図８は、実施形態に係る非接触式電力伝送部の等価回路を示す回路図である。図８に示すように、本実施形態において、１次コイル３５は、等価的に共振コイルＬ１とキャパシタＣ１と抵抗Ｒ１とにより送信側共振回路Ｔｘを構成する。２次コイル３６は、等価的に共振コイルＬ２とキャパシタＣ２と抵抗Ｒ２とにより受信側共振回路Ｒｘを構成する。キャパシタＣ１と抵抗Ｒ１は、それぞれ１次コイル３５が有する容量及び抵抗により構成されていてもよく、別の素子を用いてもよい。また、キャパシタＣ２と抵抗Ｒ２は、それぞれ２次コイル３６が有する容量及び抵抗により構成されていてもよく、別の素子を用いてもよい。 As described above, in the non-contact power transmission unit 10 of the present embodiment, power transmission is performed using magnetic field resonance between the primary coil 35 and the secondary coil 36 that are spaced apart from each other. FIG. 7 is an explanatory diagram for explaining magnetic field resonance type power transmission of the contactless power transmission unit according to the embodiment. FIG. 8 is a circuit diagram illustrating an equivalent circuit of the contactless power transmission unit according to the embodiment. As shown in FIG. 8, in this embodiment, the primary coil 35 equivalently forms a transmission-side resonance circuit Tx by a resonance coil L1, a capacitor C1, and a resistor R1. The secondary coil 36 equivalently forms a reception-side resonance circuit Rx with the resonance coil L2, the capacitor C2, and the resistor R2. The capacitor C1 and the resistor R1 may each be configured by the capacitance and resistance of the primary coil 35, or other elements may be used. Further, the capacitor C2 and the resistor R2 may each be configured by the capacitance and resistance of the secondary coil 36, or other elements may be used.
　本実施形態において、１次コイル３５の共振周波数ｆ１は、ｆ１＝１／（２×π×（Ｌ１×Ｃ１）１／２）によって定められる。また、２次コイル３６の共振周波数ｆ２は、ｆ２＝１／（２×π×（Ｌ２×Ｃ２）１／２）によって定められる。 In the present embodiment, the resonance frequency f1 of the primary coil 35 is determined by f1 = 1 / (2 × π × (L1 × C1) 1/2 ). The resonance frequency f2 of the secondary coil 36 is determined by f2 = 1 / (2 × π × (L2 × C2) 1/2 ).
　図７に示すように、１次コイル３５に発電機２０からの電力が供給されて送信側共振回路Ｔｘが励起される。これにより送信側共振回路Ｔｘにはコイルが形成する誘導磁界Ｍが発生する。１次コイル３５の共振周波数ｆ１と、２次コイル３６の共振周波数ｆ２とが一致した場合、又は、十分に近い場合に磁界共鳴が発生する。受信側共振回路Ｒｘにおいて、２次コイル３６が磁界共鳴によって共振すると、誘導磁界Ｍを介して、磁界エネルギーが伝送される。これにより、発電機２０からの電力が、１次コイル３５と２次コイル３６の共振によって非接触で受信側共振回路Ｒｘに供給され、受信側共振回路Ｒｘの付加である電力変換装置１８に伝達される。 As shown in FIG. 7, power from the generator 20 is supplied to the primary coil 35 to excite the transmission-side resonance circuit Tx. As a result, an induction magnetic field M formed by the coil is generated in the transmission-side resonance circuit Tx. Magnetic field resonance occurs when the resonance frequency f1 of the primary coil 35 matches the resonance frequency f2 of the secondary coil 36, or when the resonance frequency f2 is sufficiently close. In the reception-side resonance circuit Rx, when the secondary coil 36 resonates due to magnetic field resonance, magnetic field energy is transmitted via the induced magnetic field M. Thereby, the electric power from the generator 20 is supplied to the reception-side resonance circuit Rx in a non-contact manner by the resonance of the primary coil 35 and the secondary coil 36, and is transmitted to the power converter 18 which is an addition of the reception-side resonance circuit Rx. Is done.
　磁界共鳴方式は、電磁誘導方式に比べて、遠距離伝送が可能であり、１次コイル３５と２次コイル３６との位置ずれが生じた場合でも伝送効率の低下を抑制できる。ただし、１次コイル３５と２次コイル３６との距離が近いほど、伝送できるエネルギーを大きくすることができる。 The magnetic field resonance method is capable of long-distance transmission as compared with the electromagnetic induction method, and can suppress a decrease in transmission efficiency even when a positional deviation between the primary coil 35 and the secondary coil 36 occurs. However, the closer the distance between the primary coil 35 and the secondary coil 36, the larger the energy that can be transmitted.
　図３に示すように、非接触式電力伝送部１０はナセル４とタワー２との接続部に配置されているので、第１基板３１をナセル４に固定し、第２基板３２をタワー２に固定した状態で、第１基板３１と第２基板３２とを対向させて配置することができる。そして、１次コイル３５と２次コイル３６とは、第１基板３１及び第２基板３２を挟んで、回転軸Ｃに沿った方向において近接して配置される。これによって、１次コイル３５と２次コイル３６との間で良好に磁界結合が行われ、伝送効率を高めることができる。また、図４から図６に示すように、１次コイル３５と２次コイル３６とは、同じ直径を有し、回転軸Ｃを中心に実質的に同軸に配置される。このため、１次コイル３５が回転軸Ｃを中心に回転した場合であっても、回転軸Ｃと交差する平面内において、２次コイル３６に対する１次コイル３５の相対位置の変化が抑制され、電力の伝送効率の低下を抑制できる。 As shown in FIG. 3, the non-contact power transmission unit 10 is disposed at the connection portion between the nacelle 4 and the tower 2, so that the first substrate 31 is fixed to the nacelle 4 and the second substrate 32 is connected to the tower 2. In a fixed state, the first substrate 31 and the second substrate 32 can be arranged to face each other. The primary coil 35 and the secondary coil 36 are disposed close to each other in the direction along the rotation axis C with the first substrate 31 and the second substrate 32 interposed therebetween. As a result, the magnetic field coupling is favorably performed between the primary coil 35 and the secondary coil 36, and the transmission efficiency can be increased. Further, as shown in FIGS. 4 to 6, the primary coil 35 and the secondary coil 36 have the same diameter and are arranged substantially coaxially with the rotation axis C as the center. For this reason, even when the primary coil 35 rotates around the rotation axis C, a change in the relative position of the primary coil 35 with respect to the secondary coil 36 is suppressed in a plane intersecting the rotation axis C. A reduction in power transmission efficiency can be suppressed.
　また、ナセル４の回転軸Ｃに沿った方向の位置は、軸受３によってタワー２に対して固定されている。このため、ナセル４に固定された第１基板３１と、タワー２に固定された第２基板３２との回転軸Ｃに沿った方向の位置の変化が抑制される。すなわち、回転軸Ｃに沿った方向において、１次コイル３５と２次コイル３６との距離の変化が抑制されるので、相互インダクタンスが変化し共振周波数が変化することを抑制できる。したがって、電力の伝送効率の低下を抑制できる。 Further, the position of the nacelle 4 in the direction along the rotation axis C is fixed to the tower 2 by the bearing 3. For this reason, the change of the position of the direction along the rotating shaft C of the 1st board | substrate 31 fixed to the nacelle 4 and the 2nd board | substrate 32 fixed to the tower 2 is suppressed. That is, since the change in the distance between the primary coil 35 and the secondary coil 36 is suppressed in the direction along the rotation axis C, it is possible to suppress the mutual inductance from changing and the resonance frequency from changing. Therefore, a reduction in power transmission efficiency can be suppressed.
　なお、１次コイル３５と２次コイル３６とは同じ直径を有しているが、これに限られない。１次コイル３５と２次コイル３６とは異なる直径を有していてもよく、或いは異なる形状であってもよい。また、１次コイル３５の中心位置と２次コイル３６の中心位置とがずれていてもよい。このような構成であっても、非接触式電力伝送部１０は磁界共鳴方式により電力を伝送するので、比較的高い伝送効率が得られる。 In addition, although the primary coil 35 and the secondary coil 36 have the same diameter, it is not restricted to this. The primary coil 35 and the secondary coil 36 may have different diameters or may have different shapes. Further, the center position of the primary coil 35 and the center position of the secondary coil 36 may be shifted. Even in such a configuration, the non-contact power transmission unit 10 transmits power by the magnetic field resonance method, so that relatively high transmission efficiency can be obtained.
（第１変形例）
　図９は、第１変形例に係る風力発電装置の断面図である。図３に示す例では、非接触式電力伝送部１０はタワー２の内部空間に配置されているが、これに限定されない。図９に示すように、本実施形態の非接触式電力伝送部１０Ａにおいて、第１基板３１Ａはナセル４の開口４ｄを覆って、底板４ａの径方向の内側の端部に設けられた壁部４ｅに設けられている。壁部４ｅは、環状の部材であり、底板４ａからナセル４の内部に向かって回転軸Ｃに沿った方向に延びる。第１基板３１Ａは、ナセル４の壁部４ｅの上部に固定されてナセル４の内部空間に配置され、ナセル４の回転とともに回転軸Ｃを中心に回転可能に設けられている。 (First modification)
FIG. 9 is a cross-sectional view of a wind turbine generator according to a first modification. In the example illustrated in FIG. 3, the non-contact power transmission unit 10 is disposed in the internal space of the tower 2, but is not limited thereto. As shown in FIG. 9, in the non-contact power transmission unit 10A of the present embodiment, the first substrate 31A covers the opening 4d of the nacelle 4 and is a wall provided at the radially inner end of the bottom plate 4a. 4e. The wall portion 4 e is an annular member, and extends in the direction along the rotation axis C from the bottom plate 4 a toward the inside of the nacelle 4. The first substrate 31 </ b> A is fixed to the upper portion of the wall portion 4 e of the nacelle 4 and is disposed in the inner space of the nacelle 4, and is provided so as to be rotatable about the rotation axis C as the nacelle 4 rotates.
　第２基板３２Ａは、第１基板３１Ａに対してタワー２Ａ側に対向して配置される。タワー２Ａは、フランジ部２ｂの径方向の内側において、回転軸Ｃに沿った方向に延びる壁部２ｅが設けられている。壁部２ｅは、環状の部材であり、フランジ部２ｂからナセル４側に延び、外周面がナセル４の壁部４ｃ及び壁部４ｅの内周面と対向する。第２基板３２Ａは、壁部２ｅの上部に固定される。このように、第２基板３２Ａは、壁部２ｅを介してタワー２Ａに固定される。これにより、第２基板３２Ａの回転軸Ｃを中心とする回転方向の位置、及び回転軸Ｃに沿った方向の位置は、壁部２ｅにより固定され、ナセル４の回転とともに回転しない。本実施形態においても、第１基板３１Ａは、固定された第２基板３２Ａに対して相対的に回転可能になっている。なお、本変形例において、壁部４ｅには、径方向に貫通する開口４ｆが設けられており、壁部２ｅには、径方向に貫通する開口２ｆが設けられている。作業者は、開口４ｆ及び開口２ｆを通ってタワー２Ａとナセル４との間の移動を行うことができる。 The second substrate 32A is disposed to face the tower 2A side with respect to the first substrate 31A. The tower 2A is provided with a wall portion 2e extending in the direction along the rotation axis C on the inner side in the radial direction of the flange portion 2b. The wall portion 2e is an annular member, extends from the flange portion 2b to the nacelle 4 side, and an outer peripheral surface thereof faces the wall portion 4c of the nacelle 4 and an inner peripheral surface of the wall portion 4e. The second substrate 32A is fixed to the upper part of the wall 2e. Thus, the second substrate 32A is fixed to the tower 2A via the wall 2e. As a result, the position of the second substrate 32A in the rotation direction around the rotation axis C and the position in the direction along the rotation axis C are fixed by the wall 2e and do not rotate with the rotation of the nacelle 4. Also in this embodiment, the first substrate 31A is rotatable relative to the fixed second substrate 32A. In this modification, the wall 4e is provided with an opening 4f that penetrates in the radial direction, and the wall 2e is provided with an opening 2f that penetrates in the radial direction. The operator can move between the tower 2A and the nacelle 4 through the opening 4f and the opening 2f.
　本実施形態において、第１基板３１Ａは、ナセル４の内部空間に配置され、第２基板３２Ａはタワー２Ａの上端部２ｄよりも上側に配置される。また、第１基板３１Ａの直径は第２基板３２Ａよりも大きい。このような構成であっても、第１基板３１Ａに設けられた１次コイル３５と第２基板３２Ａに設けられた２次コイル３６との間の磁界共鳴を利用して発電機２０からの電力を効率良く伝送することができる。 In the present embodiment, the first substrate 31A is disposed in the internal space of the nacelle 4, and the second substrate 32A is disposed above the upper end 2d of the tower 2A. The diameter of the first substrate 31A is larger than that of the second substrate 32A. Even in such a configuration, the electric power from the generator 20 is utilized by utilizing the magnetic field resonance between the primary coil 35 provided on the first substrate 31A and the secondary coil 36 provided on the second substrate 32A. Can be transmitted efficiently.
　なお、図９に示す１次コイル３５及び２次コイル３６は、それぞれ、図４及び図５に示した構成と同様の平面コイルである。そして、１次コイル３５と２次コイル３６とは、同じ直径を有し、回転軸Ｃを中心に実質的に同軸に配置される。１次コイル３５と２次コイル３６とは、第１基板３１Ａ及び第２基板３２Ａを挟んで、回転軸Ｃに沿った方向において近接して配置される。これによって、１次コイル３５と２次コイル３６との間で良好に磁界結合が行われ、伝送効率を高めることができる。 In addition, the primary coil 35 and the secondary coil 36 shown in FIG. 9 are the same planar coils as the structure shown in FIG.4 and FIG.5, respectively. The primary coil 35 and the secondary coil 36 have the same diameter and are arranged substantially coaxially with the rotation axis C as the center. The primary coil 35 and the secondary coil 36 are arranged close to each other in the direction along the rotation axis C with the first substrate 31A and the second substrate 32A interposed therebetween. As a result, the magnetic field coupling is favorably performed between the primary coil 35 and the secondary coil 36, and the transmission efficiency can be increased.
（第２変形例）
　図１０は、第２変形例に係る風力発電装置の非接触式電力伝送部を示す断面図である。本実施形態の非接触式電力伝送部１０Ｂにおいて、第１基板３１と第２基板３２との間に潤滑層４１が設けられていない。すなわち、第１基板３１の下面３１ｂと第２基板３２の上面３２ａとが接して、第１基板３１と第２基板３２とが配置される。 (Second modification)
FIG. 10 is a cross-sectional view showing a non-contact power transmission unit of a wind turbine generator according to a second modification. In the contactless power transmission unit 10 </ b> B of the present embodiment, the lubricating layer 41 is not provided between the first substrate 31 and the second substrate 32. That is, the first substrate 31 and the second substrate 32 are disposed so that the lower surface 31b of the first substrate 31 and the upper surface 32a of the second substrate 32 are in contact with each other.
　上述のように、第１基板３１はナセル４の回転とともに回転し、固定された第２基板３２に対して相対的に回転可能となっている。第１基板３１の下面３１ｂが第２基板３２の上面３２ａに対して摺動して回転する。ここで、ナセル４の回転の速度は十分小さいので、第１基板３１と第２基板３２との間に発生する摩擦を小さくできる。例えば、第１基板３１及び第２基板３２としてポリカーボネート（ＰＣ）等の樹脂材料を用いることで、第１基板３１及び第２基板３２の摩擦による損耗を抑制できる。 As described above, the first substrate 31 rotates with the rotation of the nacelle 4 and can rotate relative to the fixed second substrate 32. The lower surface 31 b of the first substrate 31 slides and rotates with respect to the upper surface 32 a of the second substrate 32. Here, since the rotation speed of the nacelle 4 is sufficiently low, the friction generated between the first substrate 31 and the second substrate 32 can be reduced. For example, by using a resin material such as polycarbonate (PC) as the first substrate 31 and the second substrate 32, wear due to friction of the first substrate 31 and the second substrate 32 can be suppressed.
　本変形例において、ナセル４の回転とともに第１基板３１及び１次コイル３５が回転した場合であっても、１次コイル３５及び２次コイル３６の摩擦による損耗を抑制して電力を効率良く伝送することができる。また、潤滑層４１が設けられていないので、第１基板３１と第２基板３２との間隔が小さくなり、１次コイル３５と２次コイル３６との距離を近づけることが可能になるため、電力の伝送効率を高められる。 In this modification, even when the first substrate 31 and the primary coil 35 are rotated together with the rotation of the nacelle 4, wear due to friction of the primary coil 35 and the secondary coil 36 is suppressed and electric power is efficiently transmitted. can do. In addition, since the lubricating layer 41 is not provided, the distance between the first substrate 31 and the second substrate 32 is reduced, and the distance between the primary coil 35 and the secondary coil 36 can be reduced. Can improve the transmission efficiency.
　以上説明したように、本実施形態の風力発電装置１は、タワー２と、タワー２の上部に設けられ、タワー２の軸方向に沿った方向を回転軸Ｃとして回転するナセル４と、ナセル４に回転可能に支持された風車の回転力により電力を発生する発電機２０と、ナセル４に固定された第１基板３１と、第１基板３１に設けられ、発電機２０から電力が供給される１次コイル３５（第１コイル）と、タワー２に固定された第２基板３２と、第２基板３２に設けられ、第１基板３１及び第２基板３２を挟んで１次コイル３５と対向する２次コイル３６（第２コイル）と、を含む非接触式電力伝送部１０（電力伝送部）と、を有し、非接触式電力伝送部１０は、１次コイル３５が２次コイル３６と磁界共鳴して、１次コイル３５に供給された電力を２次コイル３６に伝送する。 As described above, the wind turbine generator 1 of the present embodiment is provided with the tower 2, the nacelle 4 that is provided on the top of the tower 2, and rotates with the direction along the axial direction of the tower 2 as the rotation axis C, and the nacelle 4. The generator 20 generates electric power by the rotational force of the wind turbine supported rotatably, the first board 31 fixed to the nacelle 4, the first board 31, and the electric power is supplied from the generator 20. A primary coil 35 (first coil), a second substrate 32 fixed to the tower 2, a second substrate 32, and opposed to the primary coil 35 across the first substrate 31 and the second substrate 32. A non-contact power transmission unit 10 (power transmission unit) including a secondary coil 36 (second coil). The non-contact power transmission unit 10 includes a primary coil 35 and a secondary coil 36. The power supplied to the primary coil 35 is subjected to secondary by magnetic field resonance. Transmitting Il 36.
　これによれば、１次コイル３５と２次コイル３６とが、第１基板３１及び第２基板３２を挟んで離隔して配置されて、磁界共鳴方式により１次コイル３５から２次コイル３６に電力が伝送される。したがって、ナセル４の回転とともに１次コイル３５が２次コイル３６に対して相対的に回転した場合であっても、１次コイル３５及び２次コイル３６の摩擦による損耗を抑制して電力を効率良く伝送することができる。 According to this, the primary coil 35 and the secondary coil 36 are spaced apart from each other with the first substrate 31 and the second substrate 32 interposed therebetween, and the primary coil 35 is changed to the secondary coil 36 by a magnetic field resonance method. Power is transmitted. Therefore, even when the primary coil 35 rotates relative to the secondary coil 36 along with the rotation of the nacelle 4, power consumption is suppressed by suppressing wear due to friction of the primary coil 35 and the secondary coil 36. It can be transmitted well.
　本実施形態の風力発電装置１において、１次コイル３５は、回転軸Ｃに交差する面内において、回転軸Ｃの周囲に巻回された金属配線５５を含み、回転軸Ｃに沿った方向において２次コイル３６と対向し、回転軸Ｃを中心として２次コイル３６に対して回転可能に設けられている。これによれば、回転軸Ｃと交差して１次コイル３５が設けられるので、ナセル４の回転とともに１次コイル３５が回転した場合であっても、２次コイル３６に対する１次コイル３５の相対位置の変化が抑制され、電力の伝送効率の低下を抑制できる。また、１次コイル３５と２次コイル３６とが近接することで、伝送距離が変化して相互インダクタンスが変化し共振周波数が変化することを抑制できる。また、伝送距離の短縮により周波数の低下を図ることができるため、高周波の場合に起こる表皮効果及び近接効果による損失増大を抑制できるうえ、インバータの製作が容易という利点もある。なお、１次コイル３５と２次コイル３６の距離は、磁気共鳴回路の設計と同様にもっとも電力の伝送効率が高くなる条件を選択するものとする。 In the wind turbine generator 1 of the present embodiment, the primary coil 35 includes a metal wire 55 wound around the rotation axis C in a plane that intersects the rotation axis C, and in a direction along the rotation axis C. It is opposed to the secondary coil 36 and is provided so as to be rotatable with respect to the secondary coil 36 around the rotation axis C. According to this, since the primary coil 35 is provided so as to intersect with the rotation axis C, even if the primary coil 35 rotates with the rotation of the nacelle 4, the primary coil 35 relative to the secondary coil 36. A change in position is suppressed, and a decrease in power transmission efficiency can be suppressed. Further, since the primary coil 35 and the secondary coil 36 are close to each other, it is possible to prevent the transmission distance from changing, the mutual inductance from changing, and the resonance frequency from changing. Further, since the frequency can be lowered by shortening the transmission distance, there is an advantage that an increase in loss due to the skin effect and the proximity effect that occurs in the case of a high frequency can be suppressed, and that an inverter can be easily manufactured. It should be noted that the distance between the primary coil 35 and the secondary coil 36 is selected so that the power transmission efficiency is highest as in the design of the magnetic resonance circuit.
　本実施形態の風力発電装置１において、第１基板３１は、回転軸Ｃに沿った方向において第２基板３２と対向し、第２基板３２に対して回転軸Ｃを中心として回転可能に設けられている。これによれば、第１基板３１の回転とともに１次コイル３５が回転するため、１次コイル３５と２次コイル３６との間の摩擦及び１次コイル３５と第２基板３２との間の摩擦が生じないため、１次コイル３５の損耗を抑制することができる。 In the wind turbine generator 1 of the present embodiment, the first substrate 31 is opposed to the second substrate 32 in the direction along the rotation axis C, and is provided to be rotatable about the rotation axis C with respect to the second substrate 32. ing. According to this, since the primary coil 35 rotates with the rotation of the first substrate 31, the friction between the primary coil 35 and the secondary coil 36 and the friction between the primary coil 35 and the second substrate 32. Therefore, the wear of the primary coil 35 can be suppressed.
　本実施形態の風力発電装置１において、第１基板３１の下面３１ｂ（第２基板３２に対向する面）と、第２基板３２の上面３２ａ（第１基板３１に対向する面）とが接している。これによれば、第１基板３１と第２基板３２との間の間隔が小さくなり、１次コイル３５と２次コイル３６との距離を小さくすることができるので、電力の伝送効率を高めることができる。 In the wind turbine generator 1 of the present embodiment, the lower surface 31b of the first substrate 31 (the surface facing the second substrate 32) and the upper surface 32a of the second substrate 32 (the surface facing the first substrate 31) are in contact with each other. Yes. According to this, since the space | interval between the 1st board | substrate 31 and the 2nd board | substrate 32 becomes small and the distance of the primary coil 35 and the secondary coil 36 can be made small, electric power transmission efficiency is improved. Can do.
　本実施形態の風力発電装置１において、第１基板３１の下面３１ｂ（第２基板３２に対向する面）と、第２基板３２の上面３２ａ（第１基板３１に対向する面）との間に、第１基板３１と第２基板３２との摩擦を抑制する潤滑層４１が設けられている。これによれば、潤滑層４１により、第１基板３１と第２基板３２との間の摩擦の発生が抑制されるので、第１基板３１及び第２基板３２の損耗を抑制できる。 In the wind turbine generator 1 of the present embodiment, between the lower surface 31b of the first substrate 31 (the surface facing the second substrate 32) and the upper surface 32a of the second substrate 32 (the surface facing the first substrate 31). A lubrication layer 41 that suppresses friction between the first substrate 31 and the second substrate 32 is provided. According to this, since the lubrication layer 41 suppresses the generation of friction between the first substrate 31 and the second substrate 32, wear of the first substrate 31 and the second substrate 32 can be suppressed.
　本実施形態の風力発電装置１において、潤滑層４１は、潤滑油である。或いは、潤滑層４１は、自己潤滑性素材のシートである。これによれば、確実に第１基板３１と第２基板３２との間の摩擦の発生を抑制することができる。 In the wind power generator 1 of the present embodiment, the lubricating layer 41 is lubricating oil. Alternatively, the lubricating layer 41 is a self-lubricating material sheet. According to this, the generation of friction between the first substrate 31 and the second substrate 32 can be reliably suppressed.
　本実施形態の風力発電装置１において、第１基板３１及び第２基板３２は、樹脂基板である。これによれば、第１基板３１及び第２基板３２は、磁界を遮蔽しないので、１次コイル３５と２次コイル３６とが磁界結合して、電力を効率良く伝送することができる。 In the wind power generator 1 of the present embodiment, the first substrate 31 and the second substrate 32 are resin substrates. According to this, since the first substrate 31 and the second substrate 32 do not shield the magnetic field, the primary coil 35 and the secondary coil 36 are magnetically coupled to transmit power efficiently.
　本実施形態の風力発電装置１において、非接触式電力伝送部１０は、ナセル４とタワー２との接続部に配置される。これによれば、第１基板３１をナセル４に固定し、第２基板３２をタワー２に固定するとともに、１次コイル３５と２次コイル３６との距離を小さくして配置することができるので、電力の伝送効率を高めることができる。 In the wind power generator 1 of the present embodiment, the non-contact power transmission unit 10 is disposed at a connection portion between the nacelle 4 and the tower 2. According to this, the first substrate 31 can be fixed to the nacelle 4, the second substrate 32 can be fixed to the tower 2, and the distance between the primary coil 35 and the secondary coil 36 can be reduced. , Power transmission efficiency can be increased.
　本実施形態の風力発電装置１において、接続部は、ナセル４をタワー２に対して回転可能に支持する軸受３を含む。これによれば、軸受３により、ナセル４のタワー２に対する軸方向の位置の変化が抑制される。したがって、回転軸Ｃに沿った方向において、１次コイル３５と２次コイル３６との距離の変化が抑制され、電力の伝送効率の低下を抑制できる。 In the wind power generator 1 of the present embodiment, the connecting portion includes a bearing 3 that supports the nacelle 4 so as to be rotatable with respect to the tower 2. According to this, the bearing 3 suppresses changes in the axial position of the nacelle 4 with respect to the tower 2. Therefore, in the direction along the rotation axis C, a change in the distance between the primary coil 35 and the secondary coil 36 is suppressed, and a decrease in power transmission efficiency can be suppressed.
　以上、本発明の実施形態について説明したが、この実施形態の内容によりこの発明が限定されるものではなく、適宜変更することができる。例えば、第１基板３１をナセル４に固定するための構造や、第２基板３２をタワー２に固定するための構造は適宜変更することができる。第１基板３１及び第２基板３２の形状も、固定するために適した形状に適宜変更することができる。また、ヨー駆動装置１５が無く、後端に安定用尾翼を持ち、風力によって風車５の向きを変える簡便な形式の風車でも良い。 As mentioned above, although embodiment of this invention was described, this invention is not limited by the content of this embodiment, It can change suitably. For example, the structure for fixing the first substrate 31 to the nacelle 4 and the structure for fixing the second substrate 32 to the tower 2 can be appropriately changed. The shapes of the first substrate 31 and the second substrate 32 can also be appropriately changed to shapes suitable for fixing. Further, a simple type windmill that does not have the yaw driving device 15 and has a stabilizer tail at the rear end and changes the direction of the windmill 5 by wind force may be used.
　１　風力発電装置
　２、２Ａ　タワー
　３　軸受
　３ａ　外輪
　３ｂ　転動体
　３ｃ　内輪
　４　ナセル
　５　風車
　８　ケーブル
　１０、１０Ａ、１０Ｂ　非接触式電力伝送部
　２０　発電機
　３１、３１Ａ　第１基板
　３２、３２Ａ　第２基板
　３５　１次コイル
　３６　２次コイル
　４１　潤滑層
　Ｒｘ　受信側共振回路
　Ｔｘ　送信側共振回路 DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Wind power generator 2, 2A tower 3 Bearing 3a Outer ring 3b Rolling element 3c Inner ring 4 Nacelle 5 Windmill 8 Cable 10, 10A, 10B Non-contact-type electric power transmission part 20 Generator 31, 31A 1st board 32, 32A 2nd board 35 Primary coil 36 Secondary coil 41 Lubricating layer Rx Reception side resonance circuit Tx Transmission side resonance circuit

Claims (10)

  1. 　タワーと、
    　前記タワーの上部に設けられ、前記タワーの軸方向に沿った方向を回転軸として回転するナセルと、
    　前記ナセルに回転可能に支持された風車の回転力により電力を発生する発電機と、
    　前記ナセルに固定された第１基板と、前記第１基板に設けられ、前記発電機から電力が供給される第１コイルと、前記タワーに固定された第２基板と、前記第２基板に設けられ、前記第１基板及び前記第２基板を挟んで前記第１コイルと対向する第２コイルと、を含む電力伝送部と、を有し、
    　前記電力伝送部は、前記第１コイルが前記第２コイルと磁界共鳴して、前記第１コイルに供給された前記電力を前記第２コイルに伝送する風力発電装置。     Tower and
    A nacelle provided at an upper portion of the tower and rotating around a direction along the axial direction of the tower as a rotation axis;
    A generator that generates electric power by the rotational force of a windmill rotatably supported by the nacelle;
    A first substrate fixed to the nacelle, a first coil provided on the first substrate and supplied with power from the generator, a second substrate fixed to the tower, and provided on the second substrate A power transmission unit including a second coil facing the first coil across the first substrate and the second substrate,
    The power transmission unit is a wind power generator that transmits the power supplied to the first coil to the second coil by causing the first coil to magnetically resonate with the second coil.
  2. 　前記第１コイルは、前記回転軸に交差する面内において、前記回転軸の周囲に巻回された金属配線を含み、前記回転軸に沿った方向において前記第２コイルと対向し、前記回転軸を中心として前記第２コイルに対して回転可能に設けられている請求項１に記載の風力発電装置。 The first coil includes a metal wire wound around the rotation axis in a plane intersecting the rotation axis, and is opposed to the second coil in a direction along the rotation axis. The wind turbine generator according to claim 1, wherein the wind turbine generator is rotatably provided with respect to the second coil.
  3. 　前記第１基板は、前記回転軸に沿った方向において前記第２基板と対向し、前記第２基板に対して前記回転軸を中心として回転可能に設けられている請求項１又は請求項２に記載の風力発電装置。 3. The first substrate according to claim 1, wherein the first substrate faces the second substrate in a direction along the rotation axis, and is provided to be rotatable about the rotation axis with respect to the second substrate. The wind power generator described.
  4. 　前記第１基板の前記第２基板に対向する面と、前記第２基板の前記第１基板に対向する面とが接している請求項１から請求項３のいずれか１項に記載の風力発電装置。 The wind power generation according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein a surface of the first substrate facing the second substrate is in contact with a surface of the second substrate facing the first substrate. apparatus.
  5. 　前記第１基板の前記第２基板に対向する面と、前記第２基板の前記第１基板に対向する面との間に、前記第１基板と前記第２基板との摩擦を抑制する潤滑層が設けられている請求項１から請求項４のいずれか１項に記載の風力発電装置。 A lubricating layer that suppresses friction between the first substrate and the second substrate between a surface of the first substrate facing the second substrate and a surface of the second substrate facing the first substrate. The wind power generator according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein a wind turbine generator is provided.
  6. 　前記潤滑層は、潤滑油である請求項５に記載の風力発電装置。 The wind turbine generator according to claim 5, wherein the lubricating layer is lubricating oil.
  7. 　前記潤滑層は、自己潤滑性素材のシートである請求項５に記載の風力発電装置。 The wind turbine generator according to claim 5, wherein the lubricating layer is a sheet of a self-lubricating material.
  8. 　前記第１基板及び前記第２基板は、樹脂基板である請求項１から請求項７のいずれか１項に記載の風力発電装置。 The wind power generator according to any one of claims 1 to 7, wherein the first substrate and the second substrate are resin substrates.
  9. 　前記電力伝送部は、前記ナセルと前記タワーとの接続部に配置される請求項１から請求項８のいずれか１項に記載の風力発電装置。 The wind power generator according to any one of claims 1 to 8, wherein the power transmission unit is disposed at a connection portion between the nacelle and the tower.
  10. 　前記接続部は、前記ナセルを前記タワーに対して回転可能に支持する軸受を含む請求項９に記載の風力発電装置。 The wind turbine generator according to claim 9, wherein the connecting portion includes a bearing that rotatably supports the nacelle with respect to the tower.
PCT/JP2016/073200 2016-08-05 2016-08-05 Wind power generation device WO2018025420A1 (en)

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EP3909846A1 (en) * 2020-05-11 2021-11-17 Hamilton Sundstrand Corporation Wireless power transformation for rotating propellers
KR20220117657A (en) * 2021-02-17 2022-08-24 한국철도기술연구원 Wireless Power Transmitting And Receiving Apparatus for Wind Generator
KR102534301B1 (en) * 2021-02-17 2023-05-19 한국철도기술연구원 Wireless Power Transmitting And Receiving Apparatus for Wind Generator

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