WO2018023835A1 - Système et procédé de captage d'énergie solaire - Google Patents

Système et procédé de captage d'énergie solaire Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2018023835A1
WO2018023835A1 PCT/CN2016/095482 CN2016095482W WO2018023835A1 WO 2018023835 A1 WO2018023835 A1 WO 2018023835A1 CN 2016095482 W CN2016095482 W CN 2016095482W WO 2018023835 A1 WO2018023835 A1 WO 2018023835A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
concentrators
receiver
concentrator
shape
solar energy
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/CN2016/095482
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English (en)
Chinese (zh)
Inventor
杨燮森
Original Assignee
杭州真能科技有限公司
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Filing date
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Publication of WO2018023835A1 publication Critical patent/WO2018023835A1/fr

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24S—SOLAR HEAT COLLECTORS; SOLAR HEAT SYSTEMS
    • F24S23/00—Arrangements for concentrating solar-rays for solar heat collectors
    • F24S23/70—Arrangements for concentrating solar-rays for solar heat collectors with reflectors
    • F24S23/71—Arrangements for concentrating solar-rays for solar heat collectors with reflectors with parabolic reflective surfaces
    • F24S23/715—Arrangements for concentrating solar-rays for solar heat collectors with reflectors with parabolic reflective surfaces flexible
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02S—GENERATION OF ELECTRIC POWER BY CONVERSION OF INFRARED RADIATION, VISIBLE LIGHT OR ULTRAVIOLET LIGHT, e.g. USING PHOTOVOLTAIC [PV] MODULES
    • H02S20/00—Supporting structures for PV modules
    • H02S20/30—Supporting structures being movable or adjustable, e.g. for angle adjustment
    • H02S20/32—Supporting structures being movable or adjustable, e.g. for angle adjustment specially adapted for solar tracking
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24S—SOLAR HEAT COLLECTORS; SOLAR HEAT SYSTEMS
    • F24S23/00—Arrangements for concentrating solar-rays for solar heat collectors
    • F24S23/70—Arrangements for concentrating solar-rays for solar heat collectors with reflectors
    • F24S23/81—Arrangements for concentrating solar-rays for solar heat collectors with reflectors flexible
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24S—SOLAR HEAT COLLECTORS; SOLAR HEAT SYSTEMS
    • F24S30/00—Arrangements for moving or orienting solar heat collector modules
    • F24S30/40—Arrangements for moving or orienting solar heat collector modules for rotary movement
    • F24S30/42—Arrangements for moving or orienting solar heat collector modules for rotary movement with only one rotation axis
    • F24S30/425—Horizontal axis
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24S—SOLAR HEAT COLLECTORS; SOLAR HEAT SYSTEMS
    • F24S80/00—Details, accessories or component parts of solar heat collectors not provided for in groups F24S10/00-F24S70/00
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02S—GENERATION OF ELECTRIC POWER BY CONVERSION OF INFRARED RADIATION, VISIBLE LIGHT OR ULTRAVIOLET LIGHT, e.g. USING PHOTOVOLTAIC [PV] MODULES
    • H02S40/00—Components or accessories in combination with PV modules, not provided for in groups H02S10/00 - H02S30/00
    • H02S40/20—Optical components
    • H02S40/22—Light-reflecting or light-concentrating means
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24S—SOLAR HEAT COLLECTORS; SOLAR HEAT SYSTEMS
    • F24S23/00—Arrangements for concentrating solar-rays for solar heat collectors
    • F24S23/70—Arrangements for concentrating solar-rays for solar heat collectors with reflectors
    • F24S2023/87—Reflectors layout
    • F24S2023/874—Reflectors formed by assemblies of adjacent similar reflective facets
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
    • Y02E10/40—Solar thermal energy, e.g. solar towers
    • Y02E10/47—Mountings or tracking
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
    • Y02E10/50—Photovoltaic [PV] energy
    • Y02E10/52—PV systems with concentrators

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to solar energy collection systems and collection methods.
  • a first object of the present invention is to provide a solar concentrator that tracks the trajectory of the sun, captures the sunlight that illuminates the reflecting surface, and concentrates it directly on a receiver.
  • a solar concentrator comprising a reflector, a support structure, a positioning device and a shape adjustment device, the reflector comprising one or more reflective surfaces capable of reflecting sunlight, and the reflector is fixedly disposed
  • the positioning device is disposed on the bracket, and the positioning device is connected to the control reflector to control the direction of the reflecting surface with respect to the horizontal plane.
  • the shape adjusting device is connected to the control reflector to control the degree of bending of the reflecting surface to adjust the shape of the reflecting surface.
  • the positioning device includes a long axis, the long axis is disposed on the reflector, and the long axis rotating operation reflector is capable of manipulating the direction of the reflecting surface with respect to the horizontal plane.
  • the positioning device comprises a rotating shaft, a mounting seat and a driving device, wherein the rotating shaft is fixedly disposed at two ends of the reflector, the rotating shaft is mounted on the mounting seat, and the mounting seat is disposed at the bracket Structurally, the driving device controls the rotation of the rotating shaft.
  • the reflector has a certain width between two opposite sides, and a fulcrum is respectively disposed on the two opposite sides, and the shape adjusting device controls the positions of the two fulcrums, thereby The reflector is curved to accommodate variations in the shape of the reflective surface.
  • the shape adjusting device is one or more inelastic ropes, and one or more ropes are connected to the fulcrums of two opposite sides of the reflector, one or more ropes are Apply or release tension between the edges.
  • the shape adjusting device further comprises a rotating rod connected to one or more non-elastic ropes, and the rotating rod rotating in one direction can entangle one or more ropes, to the opposite The direction of rotation can also loosen the rope.
  • the reflector has one or more pairs of small holes, each pair of holes being on two adjacent sides, each string passing through a pair of small holes and bypassing the reflector Reflective surface.
  • the shape adjusting device further includes a driver to rotate the rotating lever to rotate from the first direction to the second direction.
  • the shape adjusting device can control the shape of the reflecting surface to change from a plane to a curved surface; or, if the reflecting surface is a curved surface, the shape adjusting device can adjust the shape of the reflecting surface and change the focal length of the curved surface.
  • the reflector comprises a back plate and a mirror body, the mirror body is composed of one or more mirrors, the mirror body is connected with the back plate, and the back plate is connected with the positioning device.
  • a second object of the present invention is to provide a solar energy collection system, each of which is controllable, which can change its shape depending on the position of the sun or its own position relative to the target receiver. .
  • Each receiver can be fixed or adjusted to the position of the sun. All concentrators can concentrate a certain percentage of sunlight onto the receiver. In some instances, multiple concentrators can collect sunlight into a receiver during a certain interval, but during the movement of the sun, some concentrators may concentrate sunlight to different receivers.
  • a solar energy collection system comprising:
  • one or more solar concentrators each concentrator having a reflective surface to reflect incident sunlight,
  • the concentrator is provided with a shape adjusting device, and the shape adjusting device regulates the shape of the reflecting surface;
  • one or more solar receivers each receiver being provided with a receiving window for receiving sunlight reflected by the concentrator;
  • the control system controls the shape adjustment device to adjust the shape of the reflecting surface so that the sunlight reflected by the concentrator is received by a solar receiver.
  • the above solar concentrator may be a solar concentrator of any one of the technical solutions disclosed in the first object of the present invention.
  • the system comprises a set of concentrators and a receiver, a set of concentrators reflects sunlight received by a receiver, and the concentrator and the receiver are both connected to the control system Phase reception, the entire collection system is controlled by the control system.
  • the system includes a plurality of sets of concentrators and a plurality of receivers, the control system selectively enabling a portion or all of the sunlight reflected by the set of concentrators to be received by one Received by multiple receivers or multiple receivers.
  • the concentrator further includes a positioning device controlled by the control system, and the receiving control reflector is capable of manipulating the direction of the reflecting surface with respect to the horizontal plane.
  • At least one of the concentrator reflecting surfaces has a different width than the other concentrators.
  • the width of the reflecting surface of at least one of the far concentrators is larger than the rest.
  • the direction of the one or more receiver receiving windows can be regulated by the control system.
  • the shape of the reflective surface is a plane or a paraboloid; if it is a paraboloid, its focal length can be changed from the first to the second.
  • the receiver comprises a transparent receiving window, a hollow wall and a light absorber;
  • the receiving window has a shape of a plane or a curved surface, the receiving window can rotate together with the receiver, and the light absorber is arranged in the receiving window and the hollow wall.
  • the receiving window and the hollow wall form a circular or elliptical cavity.
  • a third object of the present invention is to provide a solar energy collection method, the system employing the above system comprising a plurality of sets of concentrators and a plurality of receivers, said control system being selectively Some or all of the sunlight reflected by a group of concentrators is received by one receiver or multiple receivers.
  • a solar energy collection method the system comprising a system comprising two sets of concentrators and two receivers, the method comprising the steps of:
  • the sunlight reflected by the first group of concentrators is received by the first receiver, and the sunlight reflected by the second group of concentrators is received by the second receiver;
  • a second inter-stage the sunlight reflected by at least one of the first group of concentrators is changed to be received by the second receiver, or at least one of the second group of concentrators is concentrated
  • the sunlight reflected by the device is instead received by the first receiver.
  • a second inter-segment in which the sunlight reflected by at least one concentrator in the first group is changed relative to the direction of the second receiver, so that the sunlight reflected by the concentrator is converted into the second Receiver reception;
  • a second inter-turn the sunlight reflected by at least one concentrator in the second group is changed relative to the direction of the first receiver, so that the sunlight reflected by the concentrator is converted into the first Receiver receives.
  • the shape of the reflecting surface of at least one concentrator in the first group is changed, so that the sunlight reflected by the concentrator is converted into being received by the second receiver;
  • the shape of the reflecting surface of at least one of the concentrators in the second group is changed, so that the sunlight reflected by the concentrator is converted into being received by the first receiver.
  • the shape of the first group of concentrators has at least one reflecting surface that changes from a plane to a curved surface
  • the shape of the second group of concentrators has at least one reflecting surface that changes from a plane to a curved surface.
  • the reflecting surface shape of the concentrator is a parabolic ⁇ , and the parabolic focal length of at least one concentrator in the first group changes from the first focal length to the second focal length; or
  • the parabolic focal length of at least one of the concentrators in the second group will change from the first focal length to the second focal length.
  • the solar energy collection system is further extended to include a third group of concentrators and a third receiver or more than three groups of concentrators and more than three receivers, the method comprising the steps of:
  • the third group of concentrators and the third receiver receive; three sets of concentrators and receivers And so on;
  • At least one of the first group of concentrators is converted by sunlight reflected by the second receiver, and the second group of concentrators is reflected by at least one concentrator.
  • the sunlight is converted to be received by a third receiver; three or more sets of concentrators and more than three receivers are analogized.
  • At least one of the first group of concentrators reflects sunlight in a direction opposite to the second receiver; at least one of the second group of concentrators is concentrated The sunlight reflected by the device changes relative to the direction of the third receiver; three or more sets of concentrators and more than three receivers are analogized.
  • the shape of the reflecting surface of at least one of the first group of concentrators changes, that is, the parabolic focal length changes from one length to another; the second group of concentrated light
  • the shape of the reflecting surface of at least one concentrator in the device changes, and the parabolic focal length changes from one length to another; the shape of the reflecting surface of at least one of the third group of concentrators changes.
  • the parabolic focal length changes from one length to another; more than three sets of concentrators are analogized.
  • At least one of the third group of concentrators receives sunlight reflected by the second receiver; and at least one of the second group of concentrators reflects sunlight Received by the first receiver; three or more sets of concentrators and more than three receivers are sequentially started by the last set of concentrators and the last receiver Analogy.
  • the sunlight reflected by at least one concentrator in the third group changes relative to the direction of the second receiver; the sunlight reflected by at least one concentrator in the second group is relatively first
  • the direction of the receivers will change; more than three sets of concentrators and receivers will be initiated by the last set of concentrators and the last receiver.
  • At least one of the third group of concentrators has a shape of a reflecting surface that changes its parabolic focal length from one length to another;
  • the shape of the reflecting surface of at least one concentrator in the device changes, and the parabolic focal length changes from one length to another; the shape of the reflecting surface of at least one concentrator in the first group of concentrators changes.
  • the parabolic focal length changes from one length to another; three or more sets of concentrators and more than three receivers are analogized.
  • a fourth object of the present invention is to provide a solar energy collection method, the system employing the above system comprising a set of concentrators and a receiver ⁇ , a group of concentrators reflecting sunlight It is received by a receiver, and both the concentrator and the receiver are connected to the control system, and the entire collection system is controlled by the control system.
  • a method of collecting solar energy employing a set of concentrators and a receiver, the method comprising: [0067] as a further improvement,
  • a first inter-turn segment the plurality of concentrators being connected to the receiver by respectively positioning the concentrator reflective surface with respect to the first direction of the receiver, and each of the concentrators is respectively adjusted by adjusting the reflective surface of the concentrator The first shape of the concentrator;
  • a second inter-turn segment adjusting a reflective surface of the one or more concentrators to a second direction, the direction being different from the first direction to maintain reflection of one or more concentrators
  • the sunlight is received with the first receiver.
  • the direction of each of the concentrator reflecting surfaces is repositioned differently from the first direction to keep the concentrator still connected to the receiver during the second inter-turn.
  • the shape of the at least one concentrator reflective surface is re-adjusted to be different from its corresponding The first shape; or the shape of each concentrator reflecting surface is adjusted separately from its corresponding first shape.
  • the first shape is planar and the second shape is curved.
  • the first shape is a paraboloid
  • the focal length is the first one
  • the second shape is also a paraboloid, but the focal length is different, and the second focal length is changed.
  • the reflecting surface of each concentrator can be set, and the first direction of the reflecting surface of each concentrator in the first inter-segment can be different.
  • the shape of the reflecting surface of each concentrator is parabolic, but the focal lengths thereof may be different.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a typical solar energy collection system shown in this patent, which is composed of a plurality of concentrators and a receiver;
  • FIG. 2, FIG. 3, FIG. 4 A typical solar energy collection system shown in this patent, which is composed of a plurality of concentrators and a plurality of receivers;
  • FIG. 5 Front view of a typical solar concentrator shown in this patent
  • Figure 6 Rear view of a typical solar concentrator
  • Figure 7 a cross-sectional view of a typical solar concentrator
  • Figure 8 A perspective view of a typical solar receiver. BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram showing a solar energy collection system as shown in this patent.
  • the solar energy collection system may include a plurality of concentrators 102a-102m and a receiver 101a.
  • a control system (not shown) can control each of the concentrators 102a-102m and a receiver 101a.
  • a total of 13 concentrators are shown in Figure 1. This is only a representative description, but there is no such limitation.
  • the solar collector system can have more or less than 13 concentrators.
  • Each concentrator 102a-102m is configured with a reflective surface to reflect sunlight captured at a set angle.
  • the reflective surface of the 1 02a-102m concentrator can be flat or curved.
  • the shape of the reflecting surface of the 102a-102m concentrator can be parabolic, such that the incident light can be focused to form a focal line with focal length.
  • focal length refers to the distance from the focal line of the parabolic trough to the apex of the parabolic trough.
  • each concentrator reflecting surface in 102a-102m can be altered or adjusted.
  • the shape of each concentrator reflecting surface in 102a-102m can be changed from a plane to a curved surface.
  • the shape of each concentrator reflecting surface in 102a-102m is parabolic ⁇ , and its focal length is adjustable, which can be adjusted from the first focal length to the second focal length. The adjustment and variation of the shape of the 102a-102m concentrator reflector are controlled by the control system.
  • the widths of the reflective surfaces of the 102a-102m concentrators may be the same or different.
  • “width” refers to the distance between the opposite sides of the reflecting surface in the plane or curved state of the reflecting surface.
  • the 102a-102m concentrators may have different widths.
  • the width of the concentrator 102a that is further from the receiver 101a is wider than the concentrator 102b that is closer to the receiver 101a.
  • the concentrators 102a-102m may each have the same width.
  • Each of the reflecting surfaces of the concentrators 102a-102m may be set at an angle with respect to a horizontal plane, and the angles may be different.
  • the reflective surfaces 102a-102m of the concentrator may have different orientation angles. For example, as shown in FIG. 1, the concentrator 102a that is further from the receiver 101a has an angle greater than that of the concentrator 102b. This allows the sunlight captured by the concentrators 102a-102m to be concentrated on the same receiver 101a.
  • each of the concentrators 102a-102m can be varied by rotating the elongated axis of the concentrator.
  • the reflective surface of each concentrator can vary depending on the position of the sun during the day. This change is controlled by the control system.
  • Receiver 101a has a receiving window that receives sunlight reflected by concentrators 102a-102m. As described in more detail below, the direction in which the receiving window faces may vary. This change is controlled by the control system.
  • this patent provides a method of collecting solar energy.
  • the method can be implemented by a solar energy collection system, as shown in FIG.
  • the system refers to a combination of a plurality of concentrators 102a-102m and a receiver 101a, a control system.
  • the control system can change or adjust the direction and shape of the reflecting surfaces of the concentrators 102a - 102m and adjust the facing direction of the receiving window of the receiver 101a.
  • concentrators 102a-102m may be coupled to a receiver 101a when the sun is in a first position, such as at noon.
  • the term "combination" as used herein refers to a specific example in which sunlight reflected by a concentrator is focused or concentrated by a receiving window onto a receiver.
  • the preliminary combination may adjust the shape of each concentrator reflection surface by determining the first direction of each concentrator 102a-102m according to the receiver 101a, or adjusting the facing direction of the receiving window of the receiver 101a, or Any combination of ways to achieve. Determining the first direction of each of the concentrators 102a - 102m and adjusting the facing direction of the receiving window of the receiver 101a allows the sunlight reflected by each of the concentrators 102a - 102 m to be directly received by the receiver 101a. The adjustment of the shape of the reflecting surface of the concentrator allows the sunlight to be focused onto the receiver 101a.
  • the position of the sun at noon is the first position, and at least one of the concentrators 102a-102m is different from the other concentrators. It is also possible that the reflecting surfaces of each of the concentrators 102a-102m are different. In still further examples, any reflective surface of concentrators 102a-102m may be parabolic, and the focal length of each paraboloid may also be different. As shown in Figure 1, the concentrator 102a, which is further from the receiver, can be adjusted to have an angle greater than the concentrator 102b.
  • the reflecting surfaces of the concentrators 102a and 102b may all have a parabolic shape, but the focal length of 102a may be adjusted to be larger than 102b, so that the light reflected by the sunlight reflecting concentrators 102a and 102b can be focused and concentrated on the shared receiver 101a.
  • the sun When the sun is in the second position, such as the afternoon interval, it can be repositioned and adjusted by the control system concentrators 102a-102m and the receiver 101a such that the concentrators 102a-102m and the receiver 101a still match. . For example, one or more of the concentrators 102a-102m have to reset the second direction, different from the first direction.
  • the direction in which the receiver 101a receives the window may require adjustment.
  • the shape of the one or more concentrator reflective surfaces may require adjustment.
  • the shape of one or more of the concentrator reflecting surfaces may change from a plane to a curved surface; or the focal length of the paraboloid changes from a first focal length to a second focal length.
  • the above solar energy collection method has the advantages that the concentrator and the receiver are both controllable according to the position of the sun, and the position of the concentrator relative to the receiver can also be adjusted. These advantages greatly increase the efficiency of solar energy collection.
  • FIG. 2, FIG. 3, and FIG. 4 show the solar energy collection system provided by this patent.
  • the solar collection system includes a set of concentrators 102a-102m, a set of receivers 10L-lOlc and a control system (not shown).
  • the control system can control the concentrators 102a-102m and the receivers 101a-101c.
  • each of the concentrators 102a-102m has a reflective surface that can be flattened, curved, or parabolically shaped to concentrate the incident light into a focal length focal length.
  • the shape of the reflectors of the concentrators 102a-102m is altered or adjusted by control of the control system.
  • the width of the concentrator reflecting surface may be the same or different.
  • the angle of the concentrating surfaces of the concentrators 102a-102m relative to the horizontal plane can be set and this angle can be varied by the control system.
  • the solar energy collection system of FIGS. 2 to 4 has more receivers.
  • Each of the receivers 101a - 101c has a receiving window.
  • the direction each receiving window faces is adjustable, as will be described in more detail below. This adjustment can be done by the control system.
  • This patent provides a method of collecting solar energy.
  • the method can be implemented by a solar energy collection system.
  • the system includes three sets of concentrators (102a-102e, 102f-102h, 102i-102m), three receivers (101a, 101b. 101c) and a control system (not shown), wherein the control system can control all Condenser and receiver.
  • the solar collector system in this patent description has three sets of concentrators and receivers which are not strictly defined.
  • the concentrators and receivers of other system combinations are larger than The three groups are still less than three groups, and the method of collecting solar energy is equally applicable.
  • the claims do not limit the number of concentrators and receivers.
  • the first inter-segment is at noon, as shown in FIG. 2, the first set of concentrators 102a-102e are coupled to the first receiver 101a, and the second set of concentrators 102f- 102h is connected to the second receiver 101b, and the third group of concentrators 102i-102m is connected to the third receiver 101c.
  • the second inter-segment is in the morning, as shown in FIG. 3, at least one of the first group of concentrators 102a-102e is connected to the second receiver 101b, for example, the first day
  • the concentrators 102c, 102d, 102e connected to the receiver 101a are connected to the second receiver 101b.
  • at least one of the second group of concentrators 102f-102h is coupled to the third receiver 101c.
  • the first concentrator concentrator 102g, 102h connected to the receiver 101b is connected to the third receiver 101c.
  • At least one of the second group of concentrators 102f-102h may be connected to the receiver 101a, such as the first inter-segment and the receiver 101. b is connected, and this is connected to the first receiver 101a. Additionally, at least one of the third set of concentrators 102i-102m is coupled to the second receiver 101b. For example, the concentrators 102i, 102j, 102k to which the first inter-segment is connected to the receiver 101c are connected to the receiver 101b.
  • the combination and connection manner of the concentrator and the receiver are flexible.
  • a group of concentrators can be condensed onto the same receiver, but one or more concentrators can be converted to different receivers as the sun moves during the day.
  • the advantages of this target receiver tunable are better than existing process technologies to improve solar energy collection efficiency.
  • a series of methods for changing a target receiver at different inter-segments as described in FIG. 1, that is, adjusting the orientation of one or more concentrators relative to one or more receivers, or adjusting one or more concentrating lights The shape of the reflective surface, or the orientation of one or more receivers that accept the window, or any combination of these. These changes are controlled by the control system.
  • the direction of the first set of concentrators 102a-102e relative to the receiver 101a may be different.
  • the direction of the second set of concentrators 102f-102h relative to the receiver 101b may vary.
  • the direction of the third set of concentrators 102i-102m relative to the receiver 101c may vary.
  • the reflective surfaces of all concentrators can be flat, curved, and have different focal lengths; and the width of the reflective surfaces can vary.
  • the direction of one or more of the three sets of concentrators may change differently from the first inter-segment; any one or more of the poly
  • the shape of the reflecting surface of the lighter can also be changed, that is, it becomes flat or curved, or the parabolic focal length is changed.
  • the angle of one or more of the three receivers can also be adjusted.
  • the direction and shape of any one or more concentrators and the facing direction of the receiver receiving window as shown in FIG. 3 can also be adjusted.
  • the number of receivers and concentrators can be expanded in one or two directions. For example, along the long axis of the optical receiver, you can choose to expand multiple receivers and concentrators in series, or you can choose to increase the number of receivers or concentrators only.
  • the receivers 101a-101c and the three sets of concentrators 102a-102e, 102f-102h, 102i-102m may be arranged from south to north or in any other direction along the long axis of light of the receivers 110a-101c.
  • the direction is determined by the system's installation floor, specific applications, and actual problems, but is not limited by the average wind direction.
  • the control system not shown in FIGS. 1 to 4 controls the solar energy collection system, and the operation thereof may include providing positioning of the concentrator, adjusting the shape of the concentrator reflection surface, and adjusting the direction of the receiving window of the receiver. The energy extraction load and speed of the receiver.
  • the control system may include a processor such as a digital signal processor, a field programmable gate array, a central processing unit or a microprocessor.
  • the control system implements regulation through software programs or algorithms such as servo loop control algorithms and other operational procedures for the solar energy collection system.
  • the concentrator responds to the control of the control system.
  • the control can be automatic or it can be done according to the plan or the program entered by the user through the computer control interface.
  • Both the concentrator and the receiver can be equipped with different feedback sensors or devices to provide information on the status of the concentrators and receivers as well as the surrounding environment.
  • the control system can receive signals from the sensor feedback and generate commands to adjust or reposition the concentrator and receiver.
  • control system can capture the elevation angle, azimuth, light intensity of the sun, GPS positioning of the receiver, shape, temperature, GPS positioning of the concentrator, shape and angle of the reflecting surface, and environmental information, such as Wind direction, wind speed, temperature, humidity, rain, snow and dust. Based on the information obtained, the control system activates the predefined system or the program entered by the user through the computer control interface to control the entire collection system. For example, the control system can control the load and speed of the receiver energy harvest and the shape of the receiver. Adjust the shape and angle of the concentrator's reflective surface at the position of the concentrator and the sun.
  • the solar concentrator may include a reflector 204, a mounting structure 210, a positioning device (Fig. 6), and a shape adjustment device.
  • the function of the mounting structure 210 is to support the reflector 204 on the ground or the roof of the building; the positioning device functions to position the reflector 204 with respect to the horizontal plane; the shape adjusting device is used to bend the reflecting surface to adjust the reflector The shape of 204.
  • the function of the reflector 204 is to capture sunlight and reflect it to the receiver (not shown in Figures 5 to 7).
  • reflector 204 may include a reflective surface 202 and a backing plate 212 for supporting reflective surface 202.
  • the reflector 204 can be a mirror body including a back reflecting film.
  • the shape of the reflective surface 202 may be flat. Additionally, the shaped reflective surface 202 may also be curved, such as a paraboloid.
  • the shape of the reflective surface 202 can be adjusted by the shape adjustment means in the actual article shown in the patent. For example, the shape of the reflecting surface 202 can be changed from a plane to a curved surface, and the focal length of the curved surface can also be adjusted.
  • the positioning device (Fig. 6) is responsible for positioning the reflector 204 and its reflective surface 202 such that it is in a suitable position during a certain interval or when the sun is in a particular orientation.
  • the positioning device can rotate the reflector 204 through a long axis.
  • the positioning device may include a rotating shaft 207, a gearbox 208 and an engine 210.
  • the engine is used to drive the rotating shaft and the gearbox.
  • the rotating shaft 207 can be coupled to the back or back plate of the reflector 404 or the mounting bracket 204.
  • the drive rotary shaft 208 may be such that the long axis of the reflector 204 is rotated in the direction of the boring or the reverse boring to set the reflective surface 202 at an appropriate position with respect to the horizontal direction. It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that the positioning system can be modified without departing from the principles of the invention, and such modifications are also considered to be within the scope of the invention.
  • the shape adjustment device (FIG. 6) can be used to change or adjust the shape of the reflective surface 202, which can be changed from a plane to a curved surface, or the focal length of the curved surface can be changed.
  • the shape adjustment means can bend or telescope the reflector 204, or the backing plate supporting the reflecting surface 202, which can bring the two opposite sides of the reflector closer or further away, thereby changing the shape of the reflecting surface 02.
  • FIGS. 5 to 7 show a typical shape adjusting device. It includes one or more inelastic cords 222, each of which is coupled to two opposing sides of the reflector 204. One or more of these ropes apply or release tension to the two opposing sides.
  • Figures 5 to 7 show two non-retractable ropes. More than actual process design Or less than two are possible.
  • the reflector 204 has one or more pairs of small holes on each side, and each pair of small holes is opposite to each other. The loop of the rope passes through the pair of small holes and passes through one side of the reflecting surface and the back of the reflector. There may be one or more ropes on each reflector.
  • These cords can be coupled to the rotating rod 206 on the back of the reflector 204.
  • Rotating the lever 206 in one direction can tighten the rope, and turning in the opposite direction releases the tightened rope.
  • the tightening and release of the rope shortens or lengthens the portion of the rope that bypasses the reflective surface and the back of the reflector, thereby increasing or mitigating the tension on opposite sides of the reflector 204.
  • the rotary lever has an independent motor drive and control system (not shown).
  • the rotating rod 206 can be coupled to a rotating shaft and driven by an electric motor 209.
  • the concentrator can also be equipped with various sensors or feedback devices (not shown) to provide concentrator and environmental information such as the position, shape, operating parameters of the concentrator, the position of the sun, the direction and speed of the wind. , temperature, humidity, rain, snow, sand, etc. Signals from sensors or feedback devices can be transmitted to the control system via wired or wireless communication.
  • the adjustment of the direction of the reflecting surface 202 can change the position of the focal line.
  • the adjustment of the shape of the reflective surface 202 changes the focal length of the reflective surface 202. Therefore, in combination with these two adjustment methods, the concentrator can focus the sunlight onto the target receiver.
  • the reflective surface 202 is in the form of a parabolic trough. If the incident light is parallel to the focal plane of the parabolic trough (the plane passes over the focal line and the apex of the trough), ie, the incident angle is zero, then The reflected sunlight can be focused on the focal line of the parabolic trough with a receiver mounted at the focal line.
  • the parabolic reflecting surface 202 can be adjusted, for example, to increase the focal length. After adjustment, incident light with an incident angle of 60 degrees can be concentrated at the location of a target receiver.
  • the concentration of the reflecting surface is a function of the incident angle of the sun and the width of the reflecting surface and the focal length of the target.
  • the focusing width is 0.04m
  • the incident angle of sunlight is 60 degrees
  • the focal length of the reflecting surface is 8m
  • the width is 2m
  • the concentration is 50 (2m/0.04m);
  • the focusing width is 0.01m
  • sunlight The angle of incidence is 60 degrees
  • the reflecting surface The focal length is 8m
  • the width is lm
  • the concentration is 100 (lm/0.01m).
  • the focusing width is 0.003m
  • the incident angle of sunlight is 60 degrees
  • the focal length of the reflecting surface is 8m
  • the width is 0.5m.
  • the light rate is 166 (0.5m / 0 • 003m).
  • FIG. 8 is a schematic diagram showing a typical solar energy collection system. It should be noted that the presence and description of the receiver is only intended to meet the stated requirements. Other receivers capable of receiving solar energy and converting it into thermal, electrical, chemical or other available forms of energy can be applied to the solar collection of this patent. system. As shown in Fig. 8, a typical receiver includes a transparent receiving window 301, a hollow wall 302, and a light absorber 303.
  • the receive window 301 can pass light reflected from one or more concentrators into the receiver.
  • the receiving window 3 01 can be deformed, either as a flat surface or as a curved surface.
  • the direction of the receiver i.e., the direction in which its receiving window 301 faces, can be adjusted left and right by the double arrow sign. Therefore, the direction of the receiving window can be adjusted according to the direction of the sun and the concentrator.
  • the absorbent 303 can include incident light that is suitable for different wavelength ranges for different wavelengths of solar absorption characteristics.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Sustainable Development (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Sustainable Energy (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Photovoltaic Devices (AREA)
  • Optical Elements Other Than Lenses (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention concerne un système de captage d'énergie solaire et un procédé de captage. Le système comprend : un ou plusieurs concentrateurs solaires (102a-102m), chaque concentrateur (102a-102m) étant muni d'une surface réfléchissante destinée à réfléchir la lumière solaire incidente et d'un dispositif de réglage de forme destiné à régler la forme de la surface réfléchissante; un ou plusieurs récepteurs solaires (101a-101c), chaque récepteur (101a-101c) étant muni d'une fenêtre de réception destinée à recevoir la lumière solaire réfléchie par le concentrateur correspondant (102a-102m); un système de commande utilisé pour commander les dispositifs de réglage de forme afin de régler les formes des surfaces réfléchissantes, de sorte que la lumière solaire réfléchie par les concentrateurs (102a-102m) est reçue par un récepteur parmi les récepteurs solaires (101a-101c). Chaque concentrateur (102a-102m) du système peut être commandé, et la forme de chaque concentrateur peut être modifiée en fonction de l'emplacement du soleil ou de l'emplacement du concentrateur par rapport aux récepteurs cibles (101a-101c). Chaque récepteur (101a-101c) peut être fixe, et peut être également réglé en fonction de l'emplacement du soleil. Tous les concentrateurs (102a-102m) peuvent concentrer un certain rapport de lumière solaire sur les récepteurs (101a-101c). Ces avantages améliorent considérablement l'efficacité de captage solaire.
PCT/CN2016/095482 2016-08-03 2016-08-16 Système et procédé de captage d'énergie solaire WO2018023835A1 (fr)

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CN201610634628.6 2016-08-03
CN201610634628.6A CN106225260A (zh) 2016-08-03 2016-08-03 一种太阳能收集系统和收集方法

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CN107894658B (zh) * 2017-12-11 2019-12-10 湖南科技大学 一种非成像碟式聚光器及其设计方法

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