WO2018023729A1 - 一种指纹识别装置以及指纹识别的方法 - Google Patents

一种指纹识别装置以及指纹识别的方法 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2018023729A1
WO2018023729A1 PCT/CN2016/093594 CN2016093594W WO2018023729A1 WO 2018023729 A1 WO2018023729 A1 WO 2018023729A1 CN 2016093594 W CN2016093594 W CN 2016093594W WO 2018023729 A1 WO2018023729 A1 WO 2018023729A1
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Prior art keywords
pulse signal
light source
filter
fingerprint
collected
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PCT/CN2016/093594
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
李治农
林晓清
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厦门中控智慧信息技术有限公司
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Application filed by 厦门中控智慧信息技术有限公司 filed Critical 厦门中控智慧信息技术有限公司
Priority to PCT/CN2016/093594 priority Critical patent/WO2018023729A1/zh
Priority to CN201680000749.3A priority patent/CN106462754A/zh
Publication of WO2018023729A1 publication Critical patent/WO2018023729A1/zh

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    • G—PHYSICS
    • G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
    • G06V—IMAGE OR VIDEO RECOGNITION OR UNDERSTANDING
    • G06V40/00—Recognition of biometric, human-related or animal-related patterns in image or video data
    • G06V40/10—Human or animal bodies, e.g. vehicle occupants or pedestrians; Body parts, e.g. hands
    • G06V40/12—Fingerprints or palmprints
    • G06V40/1382—Detecting the live character of the finger, i.e. distinguishing from a fake or cadaver finger
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
    • G06V—IMAGE OR VIDEO RECOGNITION OR UNDERSTANDING
    • G06V40/00—Recognition of biometric, human-related or animal-related patterns in image or video data
    • G06V40/10—Human or animal bodies, e.g. vehicle occupants or pedestrians; Body parts, e.g. hands
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
    • G06V—IMAGE OR VIDEO RECOGNITION OR UNDERSTANDING
    • G06V40/00—Recognition of biometric, human-related or animal-related patterns in image or video data
    • G06V40/10—Human or animal bodies, e.g. vehicle occupants or pedestrians; Body parts, e.g. hands
    • G06V40/12—Fingerprints or palmprints
    • G06V40/13—Sensors therefor
    • G06V40/1318—Sensors therefor using electro-optical elements or layers, e.g. electroluminescent sensing
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
    • G06V—IMAGE OR VIDEO RECOGNITION OR UNDERSTANDING
    • G06V40/00—Recognition of biometric, human-related or animal-related patterns in image or video data
    • G06V40/10—Human or animal bodies, e.g. vehicle occupants or pedestrians; Body parts, e.g. hands
    • G06V40/12—Fingerprints or palmprints
    • G06V40/1347—Preprocessing; Feature extraction
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
    • G06V—IMAGE OR VIDEO RECOGNITION OR UNDERSTANDING
    • G06V40/00—Recognition of biometric, human-related or animal-related patterns in image or video data
    • G06V40/10—Human or animal bodies, e.g. vehicle occupants or pedestrians; Body parts, e.g. hands
    • G06V40/15—Biometric patterns based on physiological signals, e.g. heartbeat, blood flow

Definitions

  • the embodiments of the present invention relate to the field of security authentication technologies, and in particular, to a fingerprint identification device and a fingerprint identification method.
  • a fingerprint recognition device has been designed, which can determine the authenticity of a finger by detecting whether the amount of change in light transmission of the finger is within a preset range.
  • the fingerprint recognition device determines that the authenticity of the finger is still insufficient by detecting the amount of change in the light transmission of the finger. If the fake fingerprint film produced by the material used is very close to the true finger in terms of color and transmittance, it will not be anti-counterfeiting. With the advancement of fingerprint counterfeiting technology, fake fingerprints made of materials such as resin or silica gel can easily fool the general fingerprint recognition device.
  • Embodiments of the present invention provide a fingerprint identification device and a fingerprint recognition method for measuring whether a pulse signal is a living pulse signal by using an imaging photoplethysmography IPPG to measure a surge of a human finger blood, thereby determining whether it is a living finger.
  • an imaging photoplethysmography IPPG to measure a surge of a human finger blood, thereby determining whether it is a living finger.
  • the first aspect of the present invention provides a fingerprint identification device, comprising: an identification unit and at least one camera acquisition module, wherein the camera acquisition module includes an image acquisition unit and a processor;
  • the image acquisition unit is configured to acquire a pulse signal of a person to be collected
  • the processor is configured to determine whether the pulse signal is a living pulse signal by using an imaging photoplethysmography IPPG;
  • the identification unit is configured to: if the pulse signal is the living pulse signal, The collector is identified.
  • the camera acquisition module further includes a lens
  • the lens is configured to acquire a video image of a finger of the to-be-collected person
  • the image acquisition unit is specifically configured to convert a finger video image of the to-be-collected person into the pulse signal.
  • the lens further includes a filter, the filter is embedded in the lens;
  • the filter is configured to filter light corresponding to a target light wavelength according to a light source in a current environment.
  • the image acquisition unit includes a low illumination sensor, a high definition sensor, or a wide dynamic sensor.
  • the light source in the current environment is an active light source under natural illumination
  • the filter is a narrow band filter
  • the lens is a color lens.
  • the fingerprint identification device further includes a light source
  • the light source is at least one of a blue light source, a green light source, and a red light source.
  • the filter is a blue light transmissive filter or 440nm narrow band filter
  • the filter is a permeable green filter or a 520 nm narrow band filter
  • the filter is a permeable red filter or a 660 nm narrow band filter.
  • the fingerprint identification device further includes a fingerprint collection board, where the fingerprint collection board is located above the camera acquisition module or Below the camera acquisition module;
  • the fingerprint collection board is configured to place a finger of the person to be collected.
  • the processor is specifically configured to extract the pulse signal
  • the living body pulse signal is determined based on the pulse signal.
  • a second aspect of the present invention provides a fingerprint identification method, including:
  • the pulse signal is the living pulse signal
  • the person to be collected is identified.
  • a fingerprint identification device in the embodiment of the present invention, includes an identification unit and at least one camera acquisition module.
  • the image capture module includes an image acquisition unit and a processor, wherein the image acquisition unit acquires a pulse signal of the person to be collected.
  • the processor determines whether the pulse signal is a living pulse signal based on an imaging photoplethysmography IPPG. If the pulse signal is a living pulse signal, the identification unit identifies the person to be collected.
  • the fingerprint recognition device based on the imaging photoelectric plethysmography technology is used to determine whether it is a living finger, and the living body detection rate can be improved, and the fingerprint identification device is simple in manufacturing method and easy to industrialize.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of an embodiment of a fingerprint identification apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of an embodiment of fingerprint recognition by using a fingerprint identification device according to an embodiment of the present invention
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of another embodiment of a fingerprint identification apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of another embodiment of a fingerprint identification apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of another embodiment of a fingerprint identification apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of another embodiment of a fingerprint identification apparatus according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram of an embodiment of a fingerprint identification method according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 8 is a fingerprint collection method using an imaging photoplethysmography calculation method according to an embodiment of the present invention. Schematic diagram of the process;
  • FIG. 9 is a schematic diagram showing the internal structure of a fingerprint identification device using two camera acquisition modules according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • Embodiments of the present invention provide a fingerprint identification device and a fingerprint recognition method for measuring whether a pulse signal is a living pulse signal by using an imaging photoplethysmography IPPG to measure a surge of a human finger blood, thereby determining whether it is a living finger.
  • an imaging photoplethysmography IPPG to measure a surge of a human finger blood, thereby determining whether it is a living finger.
  • a fingerprint identification device including an identification unit and at least one camera acquisition module, where the image capture module includes an image acquisition unit and a processor;
  • An image acquisition unit configured to acquire a pulse signal of a person to be collected
  • the identification unit is configured to identify the person to be collected if the pulse signal meets the preset fingerprint collection condition.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of an embodiment of a fingerprint identification apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • one camera acquisition module in the figure is only one schematic, and may have multiple in practical applications.
  • the camera acquisition module collects the finger fingerprint of the collector, and the image acquisition unit can be built in the processor or can be placed independently of the processor.
  • the image acquisition unit is externally placed on the processor as an example, but does not constitute A definition of the solution of the invention.
  • the image capturing unit is installed above the finger pressing position as an example, and the image collecting unit acquires the pulse signal of the person to be collected, and the processor adopts the image-based photoelectric plethysmography technology (English full name: Image Photo Plethysmo Graphy, English) Abbreviation: IPPG) Determines whether the acquired pulse signal meets the preset fingerprint collection conditions.
  • the preset fingerprint collection condition may be a preset range of the number of pulse beats of the human body. If the pulse signal according to the acquired pulse signal is determined to be within a range of the preset number of pulse beats of the human body, the person to be collected is identified.
  • the pulsation of the blood volume in the blood vessel caused by the beating of the heart causes the skin surface color to be slightly changed by the human eye. Therefore, in the embodiment of the present invention, the optical band of the pulse wave is measured by the IPPG to irradiate the dermis layer of the human body, that is, the micro-arterial layer is reached, and the measurement of the pulse wave can be performed.
  • the IPPG uses the imaging device to perform video acquisition on the information including the measured part.
  • the change of the intensity of the pulse signal caused by the change of the blood volume is recorded by the video image, and the video image is processed and extracted by the processor. Pulse signal.
  • the processor may use the pulse signal converted by the video image to determine whether the finger used by the person to be collected is a living finger, and if it is a living finger, continue to perform subsequent fingerprint matching processing on the collector to verify its identity.
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of an embodiment of fingerprint recognition by using a fingerprint identification device according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • Step A1 The fingerprint identification device performs detection according to the fingerprint video image of the person who has acquired the image to be collected. If the light intensity change due to the blood volume change in the fingerprint video image is detected, the pulse signal in the fingerprint video image is extracted;
  • Step A2 The fingerprint identification device further determines whether the pulse signal is a pulse signal of a living finger, and the method of determining may be: extracting a characteristic of a normal human body pulse signal, and analyzing a wavelet domain characteristic of a normal human body pulse signal, and using the threshold method for the fingerprint identification device The extracted pulse is filtered, if it is found that the error of the wavelet domain characteristic of the pulse signal and the wavelet domain characteristic of the normal human body pulse signal is within the preset range, then the process proceeds to step A3, otherwise, the process proceeds to step A4;
  • Step A3 When detecting that the pulse signal collected by the fingerprint recognition device is a living pulse signal, the fingerprint collection process is automatically started;
  • Step A4 When it is detected that the pulse signal collected by the fingerprint recognition device is a non-vival pulse signal, the corresponding fingerprint collection process is not started.
  • a fingerprint identification device in the embodiment of the present invention, includes an identification unit and at least one camera acquisition module.
  • the image capture module includes an image acquisition unit and a processor, wherein the image acquisition unit acquires a pulse signal of the person to be collected.
  • the processor determines whether the pulse signal is a living pulse signal based on an imaging photoplethysmography IPPG. If the pulse signal is a living pulse signal, the identification unit identifies the person to be collected.
  • the fingerprint recognition device based on the imaging photoelectric plethysmography technology is used to determine whether it is a living finger, and the living body detection rate can be improved, and the fingerprint identification device is simple in manufacturing method and easy to industrialize.
  • the camera acquisition module further includes a lens
  • the image capturing unit is specifically configured to convert the finger video image of the person to be collected into a pulse signal.
  • the camera acquisition module further includes a lens, which can collect a finger video image of the person to be collected, and the image acquisition unit further converts the finger video image of the person to be collected into a pulse signal.
  • converting the finger video image into a pulse signal may be based on a video image processing technology of a matrix laboratory (English name: Matrix Laboratory, English abbreviation: MATLAB).
  • a video image processing technology of a matrix laboratory English name: Matrix Laboratory, English abbreviation: MATLAB.
  • the lens can be in the audio video interlaced format (English full name: Audio Video Interleaved, English abbreviation: AVI) format, and then the image processing database function extracts the finger video image to extract
  • the resulting finger video image is re-created into a picture set, and then data pre-processing is performed.
  • the finger video image is classified into three channels of red, green and blue, and the average value of each channel is calculated to obtain three sets of data.
  • the three sets of data are normalized, and the amplitude of the processed signal waveform is different, but the overall fluctuation should be consistent.
  • the one-dimensional wavelet is used for signal separation, and the low-frequency portion of the data is separated.
  • the low frequency part of the signal reflects the overall trend of the signal
  • the high frequency part of the signal reflects the specific details of the signal. Since we don't need to know the specific details of the signal, we only care about the overall fluctuation of the signal, so we can reconstruct the separated signal, remove the high-frequency components that are not concerned, and only retain the low-frequency part that reflects the overall fluctuation of the signal.
  • the peak value of the signal is statistically obtained, and the heart rate can be obtained. The reconstructed signal will cause a certain error in the statistics due to the glitch. Therefore, the smoothing filter is used to remove the excess burr portion of the signal. The signal thus obtained is more accurate.
  • the camera acquisition module in the lens of the fingerprint recognition device further includes a lens, and the lens is mainly used to collect the video image of the finger of the person to be collected, so that the image acquisition unit converts the finger video image of the person to be collected into a pulse. signal.
  • the fingerprint recognition device can obtain a more accurate pulse signal of the person to be collected, and at the same time, it is convenient to analyze the pulse signal through the image, and the person to be collected needs time to detect the pulse signal, thereby improving the recognition efficiency of the fingerprint recognition device.
  • the lens further includes a filter, and the filter is embedded in the lens.
  • a filter for filtering light corresponding to a target light wavelength according to a light source in a current environment is a filter for filtering light corresponding to a target light wavelength according to a light source in a current environment.
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of another embodiment of a fingerprint identification apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • the lens further includes a filter, and the filter is embedded in the lens.
  • the filter is mainly used to filter the light corresponding to the wavelength of the target light according to the light source in the current environment.
  • FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of another embodiment of a fingerprint identification device according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • the camera acquisition module is installed under the finger pressing position as an example, and Two camera acquisition modules are included, however this does not constitute a limitation of the solution of the present invention, and there may be more than two camera acquisition modules.
  • the image acquisition unit can sense the fingerprint video image of the blood of the finger of the person to be collected absorbed by the light in the current environment, and transmit the image as an electrical signal to the image.
  • the processor further converts the electrical signal corresponding to the received fingerprint video image into a pulse signal.
  • the processor determines that the fingerprint of the person to be collected is a living fingerprint according to the pulse signal, the target fingerprint image corresponding to the living fingerprint is obtained, and the target fingerprint image is used for identification of the person to be collected.
  • the lens of the fingerprint recognition device further includes a filter, and the filter is embedded in the lens for filtering the light corresponding to the target light wavelength according to the light source in the current environment.
  • the fingerprint recognition device is configured to provide a more reasonable frequency band for processing the finger video image of the person to be collected, so that the collected finger video image is more clear, and the improvement scheme is practical.
  • the image acquisition unit is a low illumination sensor, according to the first or second embodiment corresponding to FIG. 1 and FIG. HD sensor or wide dynamic sensor.
  • the image capturing unit may be a low-illuminance sensor, or a high-definition sensor, or a wide dynamic sensor. Different sensors may be selected according to different environments to collect corresponding images.
  • Low-illuminance sensors are mainly used in low-light environments. As the name implies, low-illuminance sensors can still acquire clear images under low illumination conditions.
  • the definition of low illumination is mainly from charge-coupled device image sensors (English name: Charge Coupled) Device, English abbreviation: CCD) Born, the CCD installs a shape-optimized coated micro lens at each pixel to ensure that the light reaches the base layer on the bottom of the sensor accurately, thereby improving light utilization and making the picture clearer and less illuminating.
  • High-definition sensors are mainly used to capture clear images.
  • CCDs are usually used.
  • CMOS complementary metal oxide semiconductors
  • CMOS complementary metal oxide semiconductors
  • CMOS response speed is faster than CCD, so it is more suitable for large data volume characteristics of high-definition surveillance.
  • the wide dynamic sensor is mainly used to make the particularly bright areas and especially dark areas in the scene visible at the same time in the final imaging.
  • the second method is a multiple exposure scheme based on multi-frame image synthesis. The exposure time between different frames is different, and the bright portion is short-exposure, so that the gray-scale range of the high-brightness area is larger, and the dark portion is performed.
  • the long exposure makes the grayscale range of the low-luminance region larger, and finally the frame synthesis of a plurality of different exposure times has an image with a wider dynamic range.
  • the image acquisition unit is set to be a low illumination sensor, a high-definition sensor or a wide dynamic sensor, and the most suitable image acquisition unit is selected for different image acquisition environments, which not only facilitates the collection of clearer images.
  • the image makes the detection success rate greatly improved, and the cost-effective image acquisition unit can be selected according to the actual cost, thereby improving the flexibility and practicability of the solution.
  • the light source is an active light source under natural illumination
  • the filter is a narrow band filter
  • the lens is a color lens.
  • the fingerprint video image can still be converted into a pulse signal by using IPPG.
  • IPPG IP-to-Network Interface
  • at least one camera acquisition is deployed according to the natural light and the environmental characteristics of the active light source.
  • the module collects images of sufficient brightness, and the filters of each camera acquisition module are narrow-band filters. If two or more camera acquisition modules are used, the narrow-band filters are combined with visible wavelengths.
  • the band is selected from a combination of 100 nm to 750 nm, preferably 440 nm, 470 nm, 520 nm and 660 nm bands. Narrowband filters shield natural light interference from other bands.
  • a color lens should be used to extract a color image.
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of another embodiment of a fingerprint identification device according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • the camera acquisition module is installed at a position where blood is collected from a finger, and the low illumination sensor and the camera acquisition module are mounted on the finger.
  • the lower part of the pressing position is introduced as an example, and there are two camera capturing modules in the figure.
  • this does not constitute a limitation of the solution of the present invention.
  • the installation position of the image capturing module can be adjusted, and the camera capturing module can be increased or decreased. To achieve the best results.
  • the processor separately processes the collected fingerprint video image into a pulse signal, and the processor determines whether the finger of the to-be-collected person is a living finger by the pulse signal converted by the fingerprint video image, and according to Whether the finger of the collector is a living finger to determine whether to start fingerprint collection, if it meets the requirements, it is judged to be a true finger, and subsequent fingerprint identification authentication can be performed.
  • the camera acquisition module can be arranged around the fingerprint recognition device as long as it can illuminate the finger of the person to be collected, and thus is not limited herein.
  • the narrow band filter is used as a filter
  • the lens is a color lens.
  • the camera acquisition module adopts such a combination for image acquisition, which can obtain clearer images in the natural environment without active light source, improve the practical application ability of the solution, and adopt different schemes to achieve image collection according to different environments, and enhance the scheme. flexibility.
  • the fingerprint identification device further includes a light source
  • the light source is at least one of a blue light source, a green light source, and a red light source.
  • the fingerprint recognition device when the fingerprint recognition device is placed in a relatively dim environment, the fingerprint recognition device also needs to increase the light source, and the light source refers to an electromagnetic wave (including visible light, ultraviolet light, infrared light, X-ray and other invisible light) that can emit a certain wavelength range.
  • the light source refers to an electromagnetic wave (including visible light, ultraviolet light, infrared light, X-ray and other invisible light) that can emit a certain wavelength range.
  • Object Usually refers to an illuminant that emits visible light. Any object that emits light can be called a light source, also known as a illuminant. Such as the sun, stars, lights and burning substances are all light sources.
  • the light source used in the present invention is mainly at least one of a blue light source, a green light source and a red light source, that is to say, the light sources of the three colors can also be used in combination of two or two, or a light source of three colors can be used in common.
  • the fingerprint recognition device in an environment without sufficient brightness, may also be provided with a light source for providing a certain light intensity, thereby ensuring that the brightness of the collected picture is suitable, and at the same time, due to the skin tissue of the human body.
  • the absorbance of the light is different, so the light source of different colors can be used to obtain a clear fingerprint video image to be collected.
  • the filter is a blue light transmissive filter or a 440 nm narrow band filter
  • the filter is a permeable green filter or a 520 nm narrow band filter
  • the filter is a permeable red filter or a 660 nm narrow band filter.
  • FIG. 5 is a fingerprint identification device including a light source according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • the image capturing module of FIG. 5 is located above a finger of a person to be collected, and the light source is irradiated from above the finger, and is collected by a camera.
  • the module takes the example of fingerprint video image acquisition.
  • FIG. 6 is also a fingerprint identification device including a light source. Different from FIG. 5 , the camera acquisition module is located under the finger of the person to be collected, the light source is illuminated upward from the bottom of the finger, and the fingerprint acquisition video is taken as an example. Image acquisition, however, the fingerprint recognition device of Figures 5 and 6
  • the structure is merely illustrative and should not be construed as limiting the scope of the invention.
  • the filter When the light source is a blue light source, the filter is a blue light permeable filter or a 440 nm narrow band filter. When the light source is a green light source, the filter is a green light permeable filter or a 520 nm narrow band. Filter, when the light source is a red light source, the filter is a red light permeable filter or a 660 nm narrow band filter. It is believed that the epidermal layer of 0.05 mm to 0.15 mm absorbs only light without scattering, and the dermis layer of 0.4 mm to 4 mm under the epidermis is the main part of light absorption and scattering in the skin tissue.
  • the scattering effect of collagen determines the depth of penetration of light, while hemoglobin, platelets and bilirubin in the blood are the main absorbers of visible light in the dermis.
  • the arterial blood signal detected by the photoplethysmography system is the scattered light wave from the dermis layer. Therefore, the image capturing unit images the fingerprint video formed by the absorption of light by the finger blood, and images the finger blood of the finger placement area, and finally converts the video signal corresponding to the collected fingerprint video image into a pulse signal by the processor.
  • each camera acquisition module includes an image acquisition unit, a lens, a filter, and a processor.
  • the filter of one of the image capture module is a blue light-transmitting filter or a 440 nm narrow-band filter, and the filter of the other image capture module is transparent.
  • the image acquisition unit forms an image of the absorption of the two kinds of light by the finger blood, and images the finger blood of the finger placement area, and finally collects the captured fingerprint video image through the processor.
  • the corresponding video signal is converted into a pulse signal.
  • one of the image capture module filters is a green light filter or a 520 nanometer narrow band filter, and the other image capture module filter is red.
  • Light filter or 660nm narrow-band filter the image acquisition unit forms an image of the absorption of the two kinds of light by the finger blood, and images the finger blood of the finger placement area, and finally collects the captured fingerprint video image through the processor.
  • the corresponding video signal is converted into a pulse signal.
  • the filter of one of the image capture module is a blue light filter or a 440 nm narrow band filter, and the filter of the other image capture module is red.
  • the image acquisition unit forms an image of the absorption of the two kinds of light by the finger blood, and images the finger blood of the finger placement area, and finally collects the captured fingerprint video image through the processor.
  • the corresponding video signal is converted into a pulse signal.
  • the filter of one of the image capture module is a blue light filter or a 440 nm narrow band filter
  • the filter of the second image capture module is A green light filter or a 520 nm narrow band filter
  • the filter of the third camera acquisition module is a red light filter or a 660 nm narrow band filter.
  • the image acquisition unit uses three fingers for blood. Absorbing the formed image, and imaging the finger blood of the finger placement area, and finally converting the video signal corresponding to the acquired fingerprint video image into a pulse signal by the processor.
  • the narrowband filter is a combination of visible wavelengths, and the combination is selected from the band of 100 nm to 750 nm, preferably 440 nm, 470 nm, 520 nm, and 660 nm.
  • the image acquisition unit can form a fingerprint video image by absorbing the light of the finger blood, and in order to ensure the quality and clarity of the fingerprint video image, corresponding filters should also be provided for different light sources. Absorb or scatter, realize diversification of the scheme, and efficiently collect fingerprint video images to improve the practicability of the scheme.
  • the fingerprint identification device is further provided on the basis of any one of the first to sixth embodiments corresponding to FIG. 1 and FIG.
  • the fingerprint collection board is disposed above the camera acquisition module or below the camera acquisition module;
  • a fingerprint collection board for placing a finger of a person to be collected.
  • the fingerprint identification device further includes a fingerprint collection board, and the fingerprint collection board can be disposed at any position above the camera acquisition module. It can also be placed in any position below the camera acquisition module, which is not specifically limited.
  • the fingerprint acquisition board can be coated with special protective paint on the surface, which is not only strong and scratch-resistant, but also the ergonomic design of the finger placement method.
  • the serial peripheral interface (English full name: Serial Peripheral Interface: SPI) interface included in the fingerprint acquisition board
  • SPI Serial Peripheral Interface
  • the fingerprint acquisition board has strong anti-static ability, and is particularly suitable for areas where the environment is dry and easy to generate static electricity.
  • Application development is simple, the development of fingerprint acquisition board can be based on the provided control instructions, the development of fingerprint application products, without the need for professional fingerprint identification knowledge, and easy to use, can set the fingerprint collection area in a large area, touch fingerprint collection Process, easy to use.
  • the fingerprint identification device further includes a fingerprint collection board, which is not only adaptable, but also has good adaptability to various types of fingerprints, such as dry fingers, wet fingers, shallow Texture fingers and the like have a very high recognition rate and good correction, and the fingerprint acquisition board is small in size, small in thickness and small in size, and can be flexibly embedded in various limited-size fingerprint recognition devices to ensure flexibility and practicability of the solution. .
  • a fingerprint collection board which is not only adaptable, but also has good adaptability to various types of fingerprints, such as dry fingers, wet fingers, shallow Texture fingers and the like have a very high recognition rate and good correction
  • the fingerprint acquisition board is small in size, small in thickness and small in size, and can be flexibly embedded in various limited-size fingerprint recognition devices to ensure flexibility and practicability of the solution.
  • a processor specifically for extracting a pulse signal
  • the living pulse signal is determined based on the pulse signal.
  • the processor first extracts the pulse signal acquired by the image acquisition device, and then determines whether the pulse signal is a living pulse signal according to the pulse signal.
  • the pulse beat frequency of the collected person may be detected by the pulse signal, if the pulse is in the human body. Within the range of the beat frequency, it is considered that the living finger is detected.
  • the identification unit in the fingerprint identification device is mainly used to acquire the target finger image of the person to be collected, wherein the target finger is the finger of the person to be collected, and the fingertip image refers to the front end portion of the finger of the person to be collected captured by the lens. image.
  • the finger images that have been stored in the database are compared one-to-one. If the target finger image exists in the database, the identity of the person to be collected is successfully identified.
  • the processor is determined according to the pulse signal to determine whether it is a living finger, and the fingerprint is collected only when the requirements of the living finger are met, thereby ensuring the feasibility of authenticating the collector.
  • the fingerprint identification method in this embodiment includes:
  • the fingerprint identification device first acquires a pulse signal of the person to be collected.
  • the fingerprint identification device determines the currently collected pulse letter by using the IPPG method. Whether the number meets the preset fingerprint collection conditions.
  • the heartbeat of the person to be collected is determined to be 70 times per minute, and the fingerprint collection condition set in the fingerprint recognition device is a reasonable value between 60 and 80 beats per minute. Therefore, only 70 heart beats per minute need to be judged. Whether to meet the 60 to 80 range.
  • Whether or not it is a living pulse signal is determined based on the measurement of the pulse signal.
  • the pulse signal is a living pulse signal, the person to be collected is identified.
  • the fingerprint identification device determines that the pulse signal of the person to be collected satisfies the preset fingerprint collection condition, the pulse signal is determined to be a living body signal, and then the person to be collected is identified.
  • a fingerprint identification method is provided.
  • the fingerprint identification device first acquires a pulse signal of a person to be collected, and then uses an imaging photoelectric plethysmography technique to determine whether the pulse signal satisfies a preset fingerprint collection condition, and if the pulse signal is If the preset fingerprint collection condition is met, the collector is identified.
  • the fingerprint recognition device based on the imaging photoelectric plethysmography technology is used to determine whether it is a living finger, and the living body detection rate can be improved, and the fingerprint identification device is simple in manufacturing method and easy to industrialize.
  • the fingerprint identification device of the present invention performs fingerprint collection based on the IPPG method. Please refer to FIG. 8.
  • FIG. 8 is a schematic flowchart of fingerprint collection by using the IPPG method according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • the finger is first placed in the identification.
  • the fingerprint video image of the person to be collected is obtained by the video image collecting unit, and after being processed by the video image processing unit of step 203, in step 204, the processor can determine the person to be collected. Whether the finger is a living finger or not, if it is a living finger, proceeding to step 205, the fingerprint collecting unit may collect the fingerprint of the living finger.
  • FIG. 9 is a schematic diagram showing the internal structure of a fingerprint identification device using two camera acquisition modules according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • the two different camera acquisition modules can work independently of each other or interactively, depending on whether a processor is shared or not. If each processor is included, each The processing should get the same recognition result. If the recognition result is different, the subsequent fingerprint collection can be stopped. If two camera acquisition modules use one processor together, the processor combines the fingerprint identification images of the two. Reasonable judgment.
  • the fingerprint identification device 300 of FIG. 9 is described by taking a common processor 303 as an example, and the processor 303 is externally disposed in the camera acquisition module 301 and the camera acquisition module 302.
  • the camera acquisition module 301 includes a light source 3011 and an image acquisition unit 3012.
  • the light sheet 3013 and the lens 3014 include a light source 3021, an image acquisition unit 3022, a filter 3023, and a lens 3024.
  • the disclosed system, apparatus, and method may be implemented in other manners.
  • the device embodiments described above are merely illustrative.
  • the division of the unit is only a logical function division.
  • there may be another division manner for example, multiple units or components may be combined or Can be integrated into another system, or some features can be ignored or not executed.
  • the mutual coupling or direct coupling or communication connection shown or discussed may be an indirect coupling or communication connection through some interface, device or unit, and may be in an electrical, mechanical or other form.
  • the units described as separate components may or may not be physically separated, and the components displayed as units may or may not be physical units, that is, may be located in one place, or may be distributed to multiple network units. Some or all of the units may be selected according to actual needs to achieve the purpose of the solution of the embodiment.
  • each functional unit in each embodiment of the present invention may be integrated into one processing unit, or each unit may exist physically separately, or two or more units may be integrated into one unit.
  • the above integrated unit can be implemented in the form of hardware or in the form of a software functional unit.
  • the integrated unit if implemented in the form of a software functional unit and sold or used as a standalone product, may be stored in a computer readable storage medium.
  • the technical solution of the present invention which is essential or contributes to the prior art, or all or part of the technical solution, may be embodied in the form of a software product stored in a storage medium.
  • a number of instructions are included to cause a computer device (which may be a personal computer, server, or network device, etc.) to perform all or part of the steps of the methods described in various embodiments of the present invention.
  • the foregoing storage medium includes: a U disk, a mobile hard disk, a read only memory (English full name: Read-Only Memory, English abbreviation: ROM), a random access memory (English full name: Random Access Memory, English abbreviation: RAM), magnetic A variety of media that can store program code, such as a disc or a disc.

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Abstract

一种指纹识别装置，包括识别单元以及至少一个摄像采集模块，所述摄像采集模块包括图像采集单元以及处理器；所述图像采集单元，用于获取待采集者的脉搏信号（101）；所述处理器，用于采用基于成像式光电容积描记技术（IPPG）判断所述脉搏信号是否为活体脉搏信号（102）；所述识别单元，用于若所述脉搏信号为所述活体脉搏信号，则对所述待采集者进行身份识别（103）。在提供了一种指纹识别装置的同时还提供了一种指纹识别的方法。通过采用基于成像式光电容积描记技术测量人体手指血液的涌动得到脉搏信号，从而判断是否为活体手指，由此提升活体检测率，且该指纹识别装置的制造方法简单，易于工业化生产。

Description

一种指纹识别装置以及指纹识别的方法 技术领域
本发明实施例涉及安全认证技术领域，尤其涉及一种指纹识别装置以及指纹识别的方法。
背景技术
市场上已经出现专门仿制指纹膜的技术，如在类似硅胶材料上复制指纹，或打印指纹，因复制的指纹和使用者的指纹相同，若设备没有防伪指纹的功能，指纹识别装置就能通过识别，这很可能遭到有心人士的利用。
目前已经设计出一种指纹识别装置，该装置可以通过侦测手指的透光变化量是否在预设范围内，来判断手指的真伪。
然而指纹识别装置通过侦测手指的透光变化量判断手指的真伪仍然存在不足，如果使用的材料制造出的假指纹膜在颜色和透光度方面都非常接近真手指，将无法防伪。随着指纹仿冒技术的进步，利用树脂或硅胶等材料制造出来的假指纹很容易就骗过一般的指纹识别装置。
发明内容
本发明实施例提供了一种指纹识别装置以及指纹识别的方法，用于采用基于成像式光电容积描记技术IPPG测量人体手指血液的涌动得到脉搏信号是否为活体脉搏信号，从而判断是否为活体手指，由此提升活体检测率，且该指纹识别装置的制造方法简单，易于工业化生产。
有鉴于此，本发明第一方面提供一种指纹识别装置，其特征在于，包括识别单元以及至少一个摄像采集模块，其中，所述摄像采集模块包括图像采集单元以及处理器；
所述图像采集单元，用于获取待采集者的脉搏信号；
所述处理器，用于采用基于成像式光电容积描记技术IPPG判断所述脉搏信号是否为活体脉搏信号；
所述识别单元，用于若所述脉搏信号为所述活体脉搏信号，则对所述待采 集者进行身份识别。
结合本发明实施例的第一方面，在第一种可能的实现方式中，所述摄像采集模块还包括镜头；
所述镜头，用于获取所述待采集者的手指视频图像；
所述图像采集单元，具体用于将所述待采集者的手指视频图像转换为所述脉搏信号。
结合本发明实施例的第一方面第一种实现方式，在第二种可能的实现方式中，所述镜头还包括滤光片，所述滤光片内嵌于所述镜头；
所述滤光片，用于根据当前环境下的光源过滤出目标光波长对应的光线。
结合本发明实施例的第一方面，在第三种可能的实现方式中，所述图像采集单元包括低照度传感器、高清传感器或者宽动态传感器。
结合本发明实施例的第一方面第三种实现方式，在第四种可能的实现方式中，所述当前环境下的光源为自然光照下的无主动光源；
所述滤光片为窄带滤光片；
所述镜头为彩色镜头。
结合本发明实施例的第一方面第三种实现方式，在第五种可能的实现方式中，所述指纹识别装置还包括光源；
所述光源为蓝色光源、绿色光源和红色光源中的至少一种。
结合本发明实施例的第一方面第五种实现方式，在第六种可能的实现方式中，当所述光源为所述蓝色光源时，所述滤光片为可透蓝光滤光片或440nm窄带滤光片；
或，
当所述光源为所述绿色光源时，所述滤光片为可透绿光滤光片或520nm窄带滤光片；
或，
当所述光源为所述红色光源时，所述滤光片为可透红光滤光片或660nm窄带滤光片。
结合本发明实施例的第一方面，在第七种可能的实现方式中，所述指纹识别装置还包括指纹采集板，所述指纹采集板位于所述摄像采集模块的上方或所 述摄像采集模块的下方；
所述指纹采集板，用于安置所述待采集者的手指。
结合本发明实施例的第一方面，在第八种可能的实现方式中，所述处理器，具体用于提取所述脉搏信号；
根据所述脉搏信号确定是否为所述活体脉搏信号。
本发明第二方面提供一种指纹识别的方法，包括：
获取待采集者的脉搏信号；
采用基于成像式光电容积描记技术IPPG判断所述脉搏信号是否为活体脉搏信号；
若所述脉搏信号为所述活体脉搏信号，则对所述待采集者进行身份识别。
从以上技术方案可以看出，本发明实施例具有以下优点：
本发明实施例中，提供了一种指纹识别装置，该装置包括识别单元以及至少一个摄像采集模块，摄像采集模块包括图像采集单元以及处理器，其中，图像采集单元获取待采集者的脉搏信号，处理器采用基于成像式光电容积描记技术IPPG判断该脉搏信号是否为活体脉搏信号，若脉搏信号为活体脉搏信号，则识别单元对待采集者进行身份识别。采用上述基于成像式光电容积描记技术的指纹识别装置，来判断是否为活体手指，可以提升活体检测率，且该指纹识别装置的制造方法简单，易于工业化生产。
附图说明
图1为本发明实施例提供的指纹识别装置一个实施例示意图；
图2为本发明实施例中采用指纹识别装置进行指纹识别的实施例示意图；
图3为本发明实施例提供的指纹识别装置另一个实施例示意图；
图4为本发明实施例提供的指纹识别装置另一个实施例示意图；
图5为本发明实施例提供的指纹识别装置另一个实施例示意图；
图6为本发明实施例提供的指纹识别装置另一个实施例示意图；
图7为本发明实施例指纹识别的方法一个实施例示意图；
图8为本发明实施例中采用成像式光电容积描记计算方法进行指纹采集 的流程示意图；
图9为本发明实施例中采用两个摄像采集模块的指纹识别装置内部结构示意图。
具体实施方式
本发明实施例提供了一种指纹识别装置以及指纹识别的方法，用于采用基于成像式光电容积描记技术IPPG测量人体手指血液的涌动得到脉搏信号是否为活体脉搏信号，从而判断是否为活体手指，由此提升活体检测率，且该指纹识别装置的制造方法简单，易于工业化生产。
本实施例中，提供了一种指纹识别装置，包括识别单元以及至少一个摄像采集模块，摄像采集模块包括图像采集单元以及处理器；
图像采集单元，用于获取待采集者的脉搏信号；
处理器，用于采用基于成像式光电容积描记技术IPPG判断脉搏信号是否为活体脉搏信号；
识别单元，用于若脉搏信号满足预设指纹采集条件，则对待采集者进行身份识别。
具体地，请参阅图1，图1为本发明实施例提供的指纹识别装置一个实施例示意图，如图所示，图中的一个摄像采集模块仅仅为一个示意，在实际应用中可以有多个摄像采集模块对待采集者的手指指纹进行采集，而图像采集单元既可以内置于处理器，也可以独立于处理器进行安置，此处显示图像采集单元外置于处理器为例，然而并不构成对本发明方案的限定。
在图1中以摄像采集模块安装于手指按压位置的上方为例，图像采集单元获取待采集者的脉搏信号，由处理器采用基于成像式光电容积描记技术(英文全称：Image Photo Plethysmo Graphy，英文缩写：IPPG)判断获取到的脉搏信号是否满足预设指纹采集条件。其中，预设指纹采集条件可以是预先设置的人体脉搏跳动次数的范围，如果根据获取的脉搏信号，确定在预先设置的人体脉搏跳动次数的范围之内，则对待采集者进行身份识别。
其中，在处理器获取脉搏信号的过程中，由于心脏的搏动引起血管内血液容量的脉动性变化，引起皮肤表面颜色发生不易被人眼观察到的细微变 化，从而本发明实施例采用了IPPG测量脉搏波的光波段照射到人的真皮层，即到达微动脉层，可以进行脉搏波的测量。IPPG是利用成像设备对包含被测部位的信息来进行视频采集的，将脉搏信号由血液容积变化引起的光强变化用视频图像的方式记录下来，在通过处理器对视频图像作出处理，并提取脉搏信号。处理器可以通过视频图像转换出的脉搏信号以确定待采集者所使用的手指是否为活体手指，如果是活体手指，则继续对待采集者进行后续的指纹比对处理，以验证其身份。
采用指纹识别装置进行指纹识别的操作方式可参阅图2，图2为本发明实施例中采用指纹识别装置进行指纹识别的实施例示意图，具体为：
步骤A1：指纹识别装置根据已经获取到待采集者的指纹视频图像进行检测，若检测到指纹视频图像中由于血液容积变化引起光强变化，则提取指纹视频图像中的脉搏信号；
步骤A2：指纹识别装置进一步判断该脉搏信号是否为活体手指的脉搏信号，判断的方法可以是提取正常人体脉搏信号的特征，并分析正常人体脉搏信号的小波域特征，用阈值法对指纹识别装置提取的脉搏进行滤波处理，如果发现该脉搏信号的小波域特征与正常人体脉搏信号的小波域特征的误差在预置范围内时，则进入步骤A3，反之，则转至步骤A4；
步骤A3：当检测到指纹识别装置采集的脉搏信号为活体脉搏信号时，则自动启动指纹的采集过程；
步骤A4：当检测到指纹识别装置采集的脉搏信号为非活体脉搏信号时，则不启动相应的指纹采集过程。
本发明实施例中，提供了一种指纹识别装置，该装置包括识别单元以及至少一个摄像采集模块，摄像采集模块包括图像采集单元以及处理器，其中，图像采集单元获取待采集者的脉搏信号，处理器采用基于成像式光电容积描记技术IPPG判断该脉搏信号是否为活体脉搏信号，若脉搏信号为活体脉搏信号，则识别单元对待采集者进行身份识别。采用上述基于成像式光电容积描记技术的指纹识别装置，来判断是否为活体手指，可以提升活体检测率，且该指纹识别装置的制造方法简单，易于工业化生产。
可选地，在上述图1对应的实施例基础上，本发明实施例提供的指纹识 别装置第一个可选实施例中，摄像采集模块还包括镜头；
镜头，用于采集待采集者的手指视频图像；
图像采集单元，具体用于将待采集者的手指视频图像转换为脉搏信号。
本实施例中，摄像采集模块还包括镜头，可以采集待采集者的手指视频图像，图像采集单元进而将待采集者的手指视频图像转换为脉搏信号。
具体地，将手指视频图像转换为脉搏信号可基于矩阵实验室(英文全称：Matrix Laboratory，英文缩写：MATLAB)的视频图像处理技术。首先利用镜头获取一个1分钟左右的手指视频图像的视频，视频可以为音频视频交错格式(英文全称：Audio Video Interleaved，英文缩写：AVI)格式，然后图像处理数据库函数提取的手指视频图像，把提取出来的手指视频图像重新做成一个图片集，接着进行数据预处理，将手指视频图像进行红、绿和蓝三个通道的分类，分别计算每个通道的像素平均值，得到3组数据，再将这三组数据进行归一化处理，处理后的信号波形幅度有所不同，但是整体起伏应该是一致的，这里，我们可以采用红色通道的数据。
进而利用一维小波进行信号分离，将数据的低频部分分离处理。信号的低频部分反映了信号的整体趋势，信号的高频部分反映了信号的具体细节。由于我们无需知道信号的具体细节，只是关心信号的整体波动，所以可以把分离后的信号进行重构，将不关心的高频成分除去，只保留反映信号整体起伏的低频部分。进过简单的平滑滤波后，统计信号的波峰值，即可得到心率，重构后的信号由于毛刺原因，会使得统计出现一定的误差，所以，要利用平滑滤波去把信号多余的毛刺部分去掉，这样得到的信号比较准确。
其次，本发明实施例中，指纹识别装置镜头中的摄像采集模块还包括了镜头，镜头主要用于采集待采集者的手指视频图像，使得图像采集单元将待采集者的手指视频图像转换为脉搏信号。通过上述方式，使得指纹识别装置可以获取到待采集者更准确的脉搏信号，同时，通过图像分析脉搏信号较为便捷，无需待采集者花费时间检测脉搏信号，从而提升了指纹识别装置的识别效率。
可选地，在上述图1对应的第一个实施例基础上，本发明实施例提供的指纹识别装置第二个可选实施例中，镜头还包括滤光片，滤光片内嵌于镜头；
滤光片，用于根据当前环境下的光源过滤出目标光波长对应的光线。
本实施例中，请参阅图3，图3为本发明实施例提供的指纹识别装置另一个实施例示意图，如图所示，镜头还包括滤光片，滤光片内嵌于镜头。滤光片主要用于根据当前环境下的光源过滤出目标光波长对应的光线。
在实际应用中，请参阅图4，图4为本发明实施例提供的指纹识别装置另一个实施例示意图，如图所示，图中以摄像采集模块安装于手指按压位置的下方为例，且包含了两个摄像采集模块，然而这并不构成对本发明方案的限定，还可以存在两个以上的摄像采集模块。
具体地，若当前处于自然光照的条件下，由镜头拍摄待采集者的手指图像，滤光片内嵌于镜头内，且可透环境光波长为100纳米(英文全称：nanometer，英文缩写：nm)到700nm之间的波段，在此波段中，图像采集单元能够感受到当前环境下，待采集者的手指血液被光线吸收后的指纹视频图像，将该图像以一种电信号的形式传递给处理器，再由处理器将接收到指纹视频图像对应的电信号转换为脉搏信号。当处理器根据脉搏信号确定待采集者的指纹为活体指纹时，则进而获取该活体指纹对应的目标指纹图像，目标指纹图像可用于进行待采集者的身份识别。
再次，本发明实施例中，指纹识别装置的镜头还包括滤光片，并且该滤光片内嵌于镜头，用于根据当前环境下的光源过滤出目标光波长对应的光线。通过上述方式，为指纹识别装置处理待采集者的手指视频图像提供更合理的波段，从而使得采集到的手指视频图像更为清晰，以此提升方案是实用性。
可选地，在上述图1、图1对应的第一或第二个实施例基础上，本发明实施例提供的指纹识别装置第三个可选实施例中，图像采集单元为低照度传感器、高清传感器或者宽动态传感器。
本实施例中，图像采集单元具体可以是低照度传感器，或者高清传感器，又或者是宽动态传感器，根据不同的环境可以选择不同的传感器来采集相应的图像。
低照度传感器主要用于光线较弱的环境，顾名思义，低照度传感器可以在较低光照度的条件下仍然采集到清晰的图像，低照度的定义主要从电荷藕合器件图像传感器(英文全称：Charge Coupled Device，英文缩写：CCD)上 诞生的，CCD通过在每个像素点上安装经过形状优化设计的镀膜微小镜片，以保证光线准确到达传感器底部的基层板上，从而达到提高光利用率，使画面更清晰，照度更低。
高清传感器主要用于采集清晰图像，在标清监控时代通常采用CCD，而在高清监控时代互补金属氧化物半导体(英文全称：Complementary Metal Oxide Semiconductor，英文缩写：CMOS)传感器已经逐渐取代CCD，因为CMOS在功耗、集成度和成本方面的优势是CCD无法比拟的。从目前的趋势来看，随着技术的发展，CMOS的灵敏度正在得到快速改善，目前市场上致力于CMOS研究的厂商已经研发出灵敏度性能与CCD接近的半高清与全高清的专用CMOS器件，另一方面，尽管相同尺寸的CCD传感器分辨率优于CMOS传感器，但如果不考虑尺寸限制，CMOS在量率上的优势可以有效克服大尺寸感光原件制造的困难，这样CMOS在更高分辨率下将更有优势。另外，CMOS响应速度比CCD快，因此更适合高清监控的大数据量特点。
宽动态传感器主要用于使场景中特别亮的区域和特别暗的区域在最终成像中同时看清楚。宽动态技术的实现方式主要有两种：第一种是使用非线性传感器的单次曝光方案，这类传感器对不同照度的灵敏度表现不同，仅一次曝光即可使采集的图像具备较宽的动态范围，第二种是基于多帧图像合成的多次曝光方案，不同帧之间的曝光时间有差异，对明亮部分进行短曝光，使高亮度区域的灰阶范围更大，对暗的部分进行长曝光，使低亮度区域的灰阶范围更大，最终多个不同曝光时间的帧合成拥有更宽动态范围的图像。
进一步地，本发明实施例中，将图像采集单元设置为为低照度传感器、高清传感器或者宽动态传感器，针对不同的图像采集环境选择最适合的图像采集单元，不但有利于采集到更为清晰的图像，使得检测成功率大大得到提升，而且还能根据实际成本来选择性价比最高的图像采集单元，从而提升了方案的灵活性和实用性。
可选地，在上述图1、图1对应的第一至第三个实施例中任一项基础上，本发明实施例提供的指纹识别装置第四个可选实施例中，当前环境下的光源为自然光照下的无主动光源；
滤光片为窄带滤光片；
镜头为彩色镜头。
本实施例中，在基于自然光照且无主动光源的条件下，仍可以采用IPPG将指纹视频图像转换为脉搏信号，此时根据自然光照且无主动光源的环境特性，至少部署一个以上的摄像采集模块，以采集到足够亮度的图像，每个摄像采集模块的滤光片均为窄带滤光片，如果采用两个或两个以上的摄像采集模块，则窄带滤光片为可见光波长的组合式选择，选择波段为100nm到750nm，优选440nm、470nm、520nm和660nm波段组合。窄带滤光片能够屏蔽其他波段的自然光干扰。
此外，还应采用彩色镜头，由此提取彩色的图像。
请参阅图3，图3为本发明实施例提供的指纹识别装置另一个实施例示意图，图中摄像采集模块安装于采集到手指血液的位置，图中以低照度传感器和摄像采集模块安装于手指按压位置下方为例进行介绍，且图中有两个摄像采集模块，然而这并不构成对本发明方案的限定，在实际应用中，可以调整摄像采集模块的安装位置，以及增减摄像采集模块，以达到最佳的采集效果。图3中的两个摄像采集模块的滤光片分别为窄带波长520nm和660nm的组合，或者440nm和660nm的组合，两个低照度图像采集单元从手指的组织中采集发射或者透射后的光强，并形成相应的指纹视频图像，由处理器分别将采集到的指纹视频图像处理成脉搏信号，处理器通过指纹视频图像转换出的脉搏信号确定待采集者的手指是否为活体手指，并根据待采集者的手指是否为活体手指以确定是否启动指纹采集，若符合要求，则判断为真手指，并可以执行后续的指纹识别认证。
需要说明的是，摄像采集模块可以按照于指纹识别装置的四周，只要可照射到待采集者的手指即可，故此处不作限定。
更进一步地，本发明实施例中，在当前环境下的光源为自然光照下的无主动光源时，将窄带滤光片作为滤光片，镜头采用彩色镜头。摄像采集模块采用这样的组合进行图像采集，可以在无主动光源的自然环境下得到更加清晰的图像，提升方案的实际应用能力，以及根据不同环境采用不同的方案来实现图像的采集，增强方案的灵活性。
可选地，在上述图1、图1对应的第一至第四个实施例中任一项基础上， 本发明实施例提供的指纹识别装置第五个可选实施例中，指纹识别装置还包括光源；
光源为蓝色光源、绿色光源和红色光源中的至少一种。
本实施例中，当指纹识别装置置于比较昏暗的环境时，则指纹识别装置还需要增加光源，光源是指能发出一定波长范围的电磁波(包括可见光、紫外线、红外线和X射线等不可见光)的物体。通常指能发出可见光的发光体。凡物体本身能发光都能称做光源，又称发光体。如太阳、恒星、灯以及燃烧着的物质等都是光源。
本发明中所采用的光源主要是蓝色光源、绿色光源和红色光源中的至少一种，也就是说这三种颜色的光源也可以两两组合使用，或者三种颜色的光源共同使用。
更进一步地，本发明实施例中，在没有足够亮度的环境下，指纹识别装置还可以自带光源，用于提供一定的光照强度，从而保证采集的图片亮度适宜，同时，由于人体的皮肤组织度光的吸收度不同，所以采用不同颜色的光源可以很好的获取到待采集者清晰的指纹视频图像。
可选地，在上述图1、图1对应的第一至第五个实施例中任一项基础上，本发明实施例提供的指纹识别装置第六个可选实施例中，
当光源为蓝色光源时，滤光片为可透蓝光滤光片或440纳米窄带滤光片；
或，
当光源为绿色光源时，滤光片为可透绿光滤光片或520纳米窄带滤光片；
或，
当光源为红色光源时，滤光片为可透红光滤光片或660纳米窄带滤光片。
本实施例中，以高清传感器为例进行指纹视频图像的获取，下面将具体介绍针对不同光源所采用不同滤光片的情况。请参阅图5和图6，图5为本发明实施例中包含光源的指纹识别装置，图5中的摄像采集模块位于待采集者的手指上方，光源从手指上方进行照射，且以一个摄像采集模块为例进行指纹视频图像的采集。图6同样为包含光源的指纹识别装置，与图5不同的是，摄像采集模块位于待采集者的手指下方，光源从手指下方往上进行照射，且以两个摄像采集模块为例进行指纹视频图像的采集，然而图5以及图6的指纹识别装置 结构仅为一个示意，并不应理解为对本发明方案的限定。
当光源为蓝色光源时，滤光片为可透过蓝光的滤光片或440nm窄带滤光片，当光源为绿色光源时，滤光片为可透过绿光的滤光片或520nm窄带滤光片，当光源为红色光源时，滤光片为可透过红光的滤光片或660nm窄带滤光片。研究认为，0.05毫米至0.15毫米的表皮层对光只有吸收作用，而没有散射作用，表皮层下0.4毫米至4毫米的真皮层是皮肤组织中光吸收和散射作用发生的主要部分，真皮层中的骨胶原产生的散射作用决定了光的穿透深度，而血液中的血红蛋白、血小板和胆红素是真皮层中可见光的主要吸收者。光电容积描记系统检测到的动脉血信号就是来自于真皮层的散射光波。因此图像采集单元通过手指血液对光的吸收形成的指纹视频图像，并对手指放置区域的手指血液进行成像，最后通过处理器将采集到的指纹视频图像对应的视频信号转换为脉搏信号。
可以理解的是，在实际应用中还可以采用两个摄像采集模块。且每个摄像采集模块中均包括图像采集单元、镜头、滤光片以及处理器。
当光源为蓝色光源和绿色光源时，其中一个摄像采集模块的滤光片为可透蓝光的滤光片或440纳米窄带滤光片，而另一个摄像采集模块的滤光片为可透绿光的滤光片或520nm窄带滤光片，图像采集单元通过手指血液对两种光的吸收形成的图像，并对手指放置区域的手指血液进行成像，最后通过处理器将采集到的指纹视频图像对应的视频信号转换为脉搏信号。
当光源为绿色光源和红色光源时，其中一个摄像采集模块的滤光片为可透绿光的滤光片或520纳米窄带滤光片，而另一个摄像采集模块的滤光片为可透红光的滤光片或660nm窄带滤光片，图像采集单元通过手指血液对两种光的吸收形成的图像，并对手指放置区域的手指血液进行成像，最后通过处理器将采集到的指纹视频图像对应的视频信号转换为脉搏信号。
当光源为蓝色光源和红色光源时，其中一个摄像采集模块的滤光片为可透蓝光的滤光片或440纳米窄带滤光片，而另一个摄像采集模块的滤光片为可透红光的滤光片或660nm窄带滤光片，图像采集单元通过手指血液对两种光的吸收形成的图像，并对手指放置区域的手指血液进行成像，最后通过处理器将采集到的指纹视频图像对应的视频信号转换为脉搏信号。
当光源为蓝色光源、绿色光源和红色光源时，其中一个摄像采集模块的滤光片为可透蓝光的滤光片或440nm窄带滤光片，第二个摄像采集模块的滤光片为可透绿光的滤光片或520nm窄带滤光片，第三个摄像采集模块的滤光片为可透红光的滤光片或660nm窄带滤光片，图像采集单元通过手指血液对三种光的吸收形成的图像，并对手指放置区域的手指血液进行成像，最后通过处理器将采集到的指纹视频图像对应的视频信号转换为脉搏信号。
若选择两个以上的摄像采集模块，窄带滤光片为可见光波长的组合式选择，选择波段为100nm到750nm，优选440nm、470nm、520nm和660nm波段的组合。
再进一步地，本发明实施例中，图像采集单元能够通过手指血液对光的吸收形成指纹视频图像，为了保证指纹视频图像的质量和清晰度，对于不同的光源也应配有相应的滤光片进行吸收或散射，实现方案的多样化，并高效地采集指纹视频图像，提升方案的实用性。
可选地，在上述图1、图1对应的第一至第六个实施例中任一项基础上，本发明实施例提供的指纹识别装置第七个可选实施例中，指纹识别装置还包括指纹采集板，指纹采集板位于摄像采集模块的上方或摄像采集模块的下方；
指纹采集板，用于放置待采集者的手指。
本实施例中，请参阅图1、图3、图4、图5以及图6，图中的指纹识别装置还包括了指纹采集板，指纹采集板可以安置在摄像采集模块上方的任意一个位置，也可以安置于摄像采集模块下方的任意一个位置，此处不作具体限定。
指纹采集板可以在表面涂上专用保护漆，不但坚固而且防刮，手指放置方式采用人体工学设计，指纹采集板包含的串行外设接口(英文全称：Serial Peripheral Interface，英文缩写：SPI)界面用于快速稳定地传输数据资料，操作电压通常为2.5伏特至3.3伏特，指纹采集板耐磨次数可达到一百万次。指纹采集板抗静电能力强，对环境干燥容易起静电的地区特别适用。应用开发简单，开发指纹采集板都可根据提供的控制指令，自行指纹应用产品的开发，无需具备专业的指纹识别知识，且易用性强，可以大面积设置指纹采集区，轻触式指纹采集过程，轻松易用。
更进一步地，本发明实施例中，指纹识别装置还包括了指纹采集板，该指纹采集板不但适应性强，可以对各类指纹都有良好的是适应性，如干手指、湿手指、浅纹理手指等都具有极高的辨识率和良好的校正，而且指纹采集板体积小巧，厚度小体积小，能灵活嵌入到各种体积受限的指纹识别装置中，保证方案的灵活性和实用性。
可选地，在上述图1、图1对应的第一至第七个实施例中任一项基础上，本发明实施例提供的指纹识别装置第八个可选实施例中，
处理器，具体用于提取脉搏信号；
根据所述脉搏信号确定是否为活体脉搏信号。
本实施例中，处理器先提取图像采集装置获取的脉搏信号，然后根据该脉搏信号来判断是否为活体脉搏信号，具体地，可以通过脉搏信号检测被采集者的脉搏跳动频率，如果在人体脉搏跳动频率范围内，则认为检测到的是活体手指。
指纹识别装置中的识别单元主要用于获取待采集者的目标手指图像，其中，目标手指就是待采集者的手指，而指尖图像则是指通过镜头拍摄到的待采集者的手指前端部分的图像。
在获取了待采集者的目标手指图像后，将与数据库中已经存储的手指图像进行一一比对，如果目标手指图像存在于数据库中，则说明该待采集者的身份识别成功。
其次，本发明实施例中，说明了处理器是根据脉搏信号来判断是否为活体手指的，在满足活体手指的要求下才进行指纹采集，从而保证了对待采集者身份验证的可行性。
上述实施例是以指纹识别装置的角度进行介绍，下面将对本发明中的一种指纹识别的方法进行介绍，请参阅图7，本实施例中指纹识别方法包括：
101、获取待采集者的脉搏信号；
本实施例中，指纹识别装置先获取待采集者的脉搏信号。
102、采用基于成像式光电容积描记技术IPPG判断脉搏信号是否为活体脉搏信号；
本实施例中，指纹识别装置通过IPPG的方法，判断当前采集到的脉搏信 号是否满足预设指纹采集条件。
比如，根据脉搏信号确定待采集者每分钟心跳70次，而在指纹识别装置中设置的指纹采集条件为每分钟心跳在60到80之间为合理值，于是，只需要判断每分钟70次心跳是否满足60到80这个区间。
根据脉搏信号的测量确定是否为活体脉搏信号。
103、若脉搏信号为活体脉搏信号，则对待采集者进行身份识别。
本实施例中，指纹识别装置确定待采集者的脉搏信号满足预设指纹采集条件时，即确定该脉搏信号为活体信号，于是进而对该待采集者进行身份识别。
本发明实施例中，提供了一种指纹识别的方法，指纹识别装置先获取待采集者的脉搏信号，然后采用基于成像式光电容积描记技术判断脉搏信号是否满足预设指纹采集条件，若脉搏信号满足预设指纹采集条件，则对待采集者进行身份识别。采用上述基于成像式光电容积描记技术的指纹识别装置，来判断是否为活体手指，可以提升活体检测率，且该指纹识别装置的制造方法简单，易于工业化生产。
本发明提出的一种指纹识别装置基于IPPG法进行指纹采集，请参阅图8，图8为本发明实施例中采用IPPG法进行指纹采集的流程示意图，在步骤201中，首先将手指放置在辨识区域，然后通过步骤202，由视频图像采集单元获取待采集者的指纹视频图像，交由步骤203的视频图像处理单元进行相关处理后，在步骤204中，处理器即可判断出待采集者的手指是否是活体手指，如果是活体手指，则进入步骤205，指纹采集单元可以采集该活体手指的指纹。
通常情况下，为了采集到的指纹视频图像能够更加清晰，我们可以在一个指纹识别装置中设置有两个摄像采集模块，当然，如果采用更多的摄像采集模块可能会加大成本，以下将以两个摄像采集模块为例进行介绍，请参阅图9，图9为本发明实施例中采用两个摄像采集模块的指纹识别装置内部结构示意图，如图所示，当指纹识别装置中有两个摄像采集模块时，这两个不同的摄像采集模块可以分别做独立于对方的工作，也可以交互式的工作，这取决于是否公用一个处理器，如果各自包含一个处理器进行工作时，则每个处理应该得到相同的识别结果，若识别结果不同，可停止后续的指纹采集工作，如果两个摄像采集模块共同使用一个处理器时，则由处理器综合两者的指纹识别图像作出 合理判断。
图9的指纹识别装置300以共用一个处理器303为例进行介绍，且处理器303外置于摄像采集模块301和摄像采集模块302，摄像采集模块301中包括光源3011、图像采集单元3012、滤光片3013和镜头3014，而摄像采集模块302中包括光源3021、图像采集单元3022、滤光片3023和镜头3024。
所属领域的技术人员可以清楚地了解到，为描述的方便和简洁，上述描述的系统，装置和单元的具体工作过程，可以参考前述方法实施例中的对应过程，在此不再赘述。
在本申请所提供的几个实施例中，应该理解到，所揭露的系统，装置和方法，可以通过其它的方式实现。例如，以上所描述的装置实施例仅仅是示意性的，例如，所述单元的划分，仅仅为一种逻辑功能划分，实际实现时可以有另外的划分方式，例如多个单元或组件可以结合或者可以集成到另一个系统，或一些特征可以忽略，或不执行。另一点，所显示或讨论的相互之间的耦合或直接耦合或通信连接可以是通过一些接口，装置或单元的间接耦合或通信连接，可以是电性，机械或其它的形式。
所述作为分离部件说明的单元可以是或者也可以不是物理上分开的，作为单元显示的部件可以是或者也可以不是物理单元，即可以位于一个地方，或者也可以分布到多个网络单元上。可以根据实际的需要选择其中的部分或者全部单元来实现本实施例方案的目的。
另外，在本发明各个实施例中的各功能单元可以集成在一个处理单元中，也可以是各个单元单独物理存在，也可以两个或两个以上单元集成在一个单元中。上述集成的单元既可以采用硬件的形式实现，也可以采用软件功能单元的形式实现。
所述集成的单元如果以软件功能单元的形式实现并作为独立的产品销售或使用时，可以存储在一个计算机可读取存储介质中。基于这样的理解，本发明的技术方案本质上或者说对现有技术做出贡献的部分或者该技术方案的全部或部分可以以软件产品的形式体现出来，该计算机软件产品存储在一个存储介质中，包括若干指令用以使得一台计算机设备(可以是个人计算机，服务器，或者网络设备等)执行本发明各个实施例所述方法的全部或部分步骤。 而前述的存储介质包括：U盘、移动硬盘、只读存储器(英文全称：Read-Only Memory，英文缩写：ROM)、随机存取存储器(英文全称：Random Access Memory，英文缩写：RAM)、磁碟或者光盘等各种可以存储程序代码的介质。
以上所述，以上实施例仅用以说明本发明的技术方案，而非对其限制；尽管参照前述实施例对本发明进行了详细的说明，本领域的普通技术人员应当理解：其依然可以对前述各实施例所记载的技术方案进行修改，或者对其中部分技术特征进行等同替换；而这些修改或者替换，并不使相应技术方案的本质脱离本发明各实施例技术方案的精神和范围。

Claims (10)

  1. 一种指纹识别装置，其特征在于，包括识别单元以及至少一个摄像采集模块，其中，所述摄像采集模块包括图像采集单元以及处理器；
    所述图像采集单元，用于获取待采集者的脉搏信号；
    所述处理器，用于采用基于成像式光电容积描记技术IPPG判断所述脉搏信号是否为活体脉搏信号；
    所述识别单元，用于若所述脉搏信号为所述活体脉搏信号，则对所述待采集者进行身份识别。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的指纹识别装置，其特征在于，所述摄像采集模块还包括镜头；
    所述镜头，用于获取所述待采集者的手指视频图像；
    所述图像采集单元，具体用于将所述待采集者的手指视频图像转换为所述脉搏信号。
  3. 根据权利要求2所述的指纹识别装置，其特征在于，所述镜头还包括滤光片，所述滤光片内嵌于所述镜头；
    所述滤光片，用于根据当前环境下的光源过滤出目标光波长对应的光线。
  4. 根据权利要求1所述的指纹识别装置，其特征在于，所述图像采集单元包括低照度传感器、高清传感器或者宽动态传感器。
  5. 根据权利要求4所述的指纹识别装置，其特征在于，所述当前环境下的光源为自然光照下的无主动光源；
    所述滤光片为窄带滤光片；
    所述镜头为彩色镜头。
  6. 根据权利要求4所述的指纹识别装置，其特征在于，所述指纹识别装置还包括光源；
    所述光源为蓝色光源、绿色光源和红色光源中的至少一种。
  7. 根据权利要求6所述的指纹识别装置，其特征在于，
    当所述光源为所述蓝色光源时，所述滤光片为可透蓝光滤光片或440nm窄带滤光片；
    或，
    当所述光源为所述绿色光源时，所述滤光片为可透绿光滤光片或520nm窄带滤光片；
    或，
    当所述光源为所述红色光源时，所述滤光片为可透红光滤光片或660nm窄带滤光片。
  8. 根据权利要求1所述的指纹识别装置，其特征在于，所述指纹识别装置还包括指纹采集板，所述指纹采集板位于所述摄像采集模块的上方或所述摄像采集模块的下方；
    所述指纹采集板，用于安置所述待采集者的手指。
  9. 根据权利要求1所述的指纹识别装置，其特征在于，
    所述处理器，具体用于提取所述脉搏信号；
    根据所述脉搏信号确定是否为所述活体脉搏信号。
  10. 一种指纹识别的方法，其特征在于，包括：
    获取待采集者的脉搏信号；
    采用基于成像式光电容积描记技术IPPG判断所述脉搏信号是否为活体脉搏信号；
    若所述脉搏信号为所述活体脉搏信号，则对所述待采集者进行身份识别。
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