WO2018014714A1 - Method for recognizing effective operation section in shovelling and loading process of loading machine - Google Patents
Method for recognizing effective operation section in shovelling and loading process of loading machine Download PDFInfo
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- WO2018014714A1 WO2018014714A1 PCT/CN2017/091399 CN2017091399W WO2018014714A1 WO 2018014714 A1 WO2018014714 A1 WO 2018014714A1 CN 2017091399 W CN2017091399 W CN 2017091399W WO 2018014714 A1 WO2018014714 A1 WO 2018014714A1
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- point
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- large cavity
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- pressure signal
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- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 36
- 238000000605 extraction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 claims description 23
- 238000009412 basement excavation Methods 0.000 claims description 21
- 230000011218 segmentation Effects 0.000 claims description 20
- 238000009795 derivation Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000004364 calculation method Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000010408 sweeping Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000005065 mining Methods 0.000 claims 2
- 238000001228 spectrum Methods 0.000 abstract description 14
- 238000004458 analytical method Methods 0.000 abstract description 9
- 238000007619 statistical method Methods 0.000 abstract description 3
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000007405 data analysis Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004422 calculation algorithm Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007812 deficiency Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009916 joint effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010183 spectrum analysis Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- G—PHYSICS
- G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
- G06F—ELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
- G06F18/00—Pattern recognition
- G06F18/20—Analysing
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- G—PHYSICS
- G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
- G06F—ELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
- G06F2218/00—Aspects of pattern recognition specially adapted for signal processing
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- G—PHYSICS
- G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
- G06F—ELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
- G06F2218/00—Aspects of pattern recognition specially adapted for signal processing
- G06F2218/02—Preprocessing
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- G—PHYSICS
- G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
- G06F—ELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
- G06F2218/00—Aspects of pattern recognition specially adapted for signal processing
- G06F2218/08—Feature extraction
Definitions
- the invention relates to a method for identifying an effective working section of an engineering vehicle, and more particularly to a method for identifying an effective working section of a loader shoveling process.
- the loader uses hydraulic transmission to obtain high torque and large inertia load demand. Due to the harsh working environment, complicated working conditions, as well as equipment automation and information technology, how to ensure the engineering Mechanically reliable and efficient operation is a technical problem that needs to be solved urgently. In order to solve these problems, it is necessary to analyze the load spectrum of the loader, including the extraction of the work cycle, the analysis of the work phase and the identification of the working conditions.
- the analysis of the operation phase plays a role in the work spectrum analysis, how to effectively segment, for the later working conditions Don't wait for a crucial relationship.
- the loader operates in the 'V' type, 'I' type, 'L' type, 'T 'Type work, etc., according to the original work segment classification standard, mainly includes 6 working segments, namely no-load forward 1 , shovel 2, full-load retreat 3, full-load advance 4, unloading 5, no-load retreat 6 etc. 1 is shown.
- the loader is generally separated from the pile before the initial excavation.
- the object of the present invention is to overcome the deficiencies of the prior art and to provide a loader effective working segment identification method for defining an effective working segment and realizing a work spectrum based on characteristic information of an effective working segment.
- a method for identifying an effective working section of a loader includes excavation, heavy-duty transportation, and unloading, and the steps are as follows:
- the work segment in the work cycle is extracted according to the feature information of the predefined valid work segment, and the effective work segment is recognized.
- step 2 The feature information of the effective work segment described in the above is a preset specific threshold value, and the segmentation points of the respective work segments are extracted by a specific threshold.
- the effective working segment omits the no-load advancement and no-load of the standard working segment
- Backward, heavy-duty transport includes full-load retreat and full-load advancement of the standard active section.
- the minimum point before the pressure of the large cavity pressure contact material is defined as the starting time point of the excavation working section; the first maximum point of the pressure of the large cavity of the bucket is defined as the ending time point of the excavation working section;
- the starting time of the heavy-duty transportation operation section is the end time of the excavation operation section; before the material is unloaded, the time point of the large-cavity pressure of the bucket is greater than the preset change threshold value is the end time point of the heavy-duty transportation operation section;
- the starting time of the unloading operation section is the end time of the heavy-duty transportation operation section; after the material is unloaded, the minimum value point reached by the boom large-cavity pressure is defined as the end time point of the unloading operation section;
- the valid job segment includes four segment points A1, A2, A3, and A4.
- the extraction of the segmentation points of each work segment is specifically:
- step 2.1 In the first step, the iterative filtering is performed on the large cavity pressure of the boom first, and then the signal obtained by the two iterative filtering is subjected to the minimum value point.
- step 2.2 In the process, the iterative filtering and one hundred iterative filtering are performed on the large cavity pressure of the bucket respectively, and the first-order derivation of the values obtained by the two iterative filtering is obtained, and the rate of change is obtained; Data to obtain the maximum maximum point C .
- the method of the invention solves the problem that the engineering machinery working section is difficult to identify, defines the effective working section, and divides the working phase of the loader, which is beneficial to realize the analysis of the working process, especially the analysis of the working condition identification.
- the effective working segment identification of the working spectrum is realized; the identification of the effective working segment plays a foundation for the analysis of the working condition, the data analysis of the working spectrum and the coding.
- the method of the invention is advantageous for realizing the refinement of the work spectrum data, facilitating the statistical analysis, and making the work spectrum data more regular.
- Figure 1 is a schematic view of a standard working section of a loader in the prior art
- Figure 2 is a schematic view showing an effective working section of the loader in the present invention
- FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of the basic frame of identification of the present invention.
- FIG. 4 is a flow chart of an effective operating segment identification algorithm of the present invention.
- Embodiments, a method for identifying an effective working segment of a loader refer to FIG. 2.
- the effective working segment includes: excavation 10, heavy haul transport 40 Unloading 50
- the effective working segment omits the no-load advancement of the standard working segment and the no-load retreat; the heavy-duty transport includes the full-load retreat of the standard action segment and the full-load advancement.
- the effective working segment is mainly considered from the perspective of the value of the working segment. Because the standard operation section, no-load advancement, no-load retreat, etc. are small in use for working condition identification, intelligent shifting and vehicle performance testing, and the analysis value is small and the identification is difficult. Therefore, the present invention does not allow in the effective working section. Considering; similar working segments such as full load back, full load forward, etc. can be combined for consideration of heavy haul transport segments.
- the main steps of the identification method of the present invention are as follows:
- the work segment in the work cycle is extracted according to the feature information of the predefined valid work segment, and the effective work segment is identified.
- the feature information of the valid work segment is a preset specific threshold, and the segment points of each work segment are extracted by a specific threshold.
- segmentation points of the respective working segments are as follows:
- the minimum point before the boom cavity pressure contact material is defined as the starting time point of the excavation working section; the first maximum point of the bucket large cavity pressure is defined as the end point of the excavation working section;
- the starting time of the heavy-duty transportation operation section is the end time of the excavation operation section; before the material is unloaded, the time point of the large-cavity pressure of the bucket is greater than the preset change threshold value is the end time point of the heavy-duty transportation operation section;
- the starting time of the unloading operation section is the end time of the heavy-duty transportation operation section; after the material is unloaded, the minimum value point reached by the boom large-cavity pressure is defined as the end time point of the unloading operation section;
- the valid job segment includes four segment points A1, A2, A3, and A4.
- the pressure of the large cavity of the boom begins to increase drastically, and the pressure of the large cavity of the boom will give a minimum extreme point before the change. It is caused by the placement of the bucket before the shovel and the ground. At this time, the pressure value of the large cavity of the boom is smaller than that during normal driving. Therefore, the minimum value before the pressure change of the large cavity of the boom is defined as the starting time of the excavation section. point;
- the end time of the excavation work section is when the bucket is full of material and is separated from the work surface. At this time, it is generally accompanied by a fighting action (generally 1-2) Times), the pressure of the large cavity of the bucket will have a maximum value at each bucket. After the bucket is completed, the pressure of the large chamber will drop smoothly. The first maximum point of the pressure of the large cavity of the bucket is defined as excavation. End of the job segment.
- the starting time of the heavy-duty transport operation section is the end time of the excavation work section
- the start time of the unloading operation section is the end time of the heavy-duty transportation operation section
- the pressure value of the large cavity of the boom will be abruptly changed to a minimum value.
- the minimum point at which the pressure of the large cavity of the boom is reached is the end of the unloading operation section. time.
- the starting point and ending point of the excavation working segment are defined as A1 and A2, and A1A2 is used.
- A2A3 represents the heavy-duty transport operation section
- A3A4 represents the unloading operation section.
- the segment extraction mainly adopts the method of iterative filtering and extremum point extraction, and the segmentation points of each working segment are extracted by setting a specific threshold, as shown in FIG. as follows:
- Step 2.1 In the first step, the iterative filtering is performed on the large cavity pressure of the boom first, and the processing mainly makes the signal smoother and eliminates the burrs. Then, the signal obtained by the two iterative filtering is subjected to the minimum value point to obtain the minimum minimum point B. Then, the minimum value point around the smallest minimum value point B is obtained, and the minimum value point on the left side is the segmentation point A1, and the minimum value point on the right side is the segmentation point A4.
- Step 2.2 In the process, the iterative filtering and one hundred iterative filtering are performed on the large cavity pressure of the bucket respectively, and the first-order derivation of the values obtained by the two iterative filtering is obtained, and the rate of change is obtained; Data to obtain the maximum maximum point C A hundred iterations of filtering can eliminate all the burrs that interfere with the maximum maximum point C. After completing the first-order derivation and obtaining the maximum maximum point C, the nearest maximum maximum point C is obtained. The first one-order derivative of the left and right is greater than the change point of 0.5, and the two points obtained are the effective working segment segment points A2 and A3.
- Embodiments of the present invention provide a method for identifying an effective working segment of a loader, as shown in FIG. 4
- the continuity between the working segments is defined, that is, the starting point of the excavation working segment is marked as A1; the starting point of the excavating working segment is marked as A2 for the starting point of the heavy-duty transport working segment; and the end of the heavy-duty transport working segment is the heavy unloading material.
- the starting point of the job segment is marked as A3;
- the end point of the heavy unloading section is marked A3.
- the boom pressure signal is cleaned and calculated to obtain the minimum point B.
- the starting point A1 and the end point of the working segment are calculated according to the minimum point B.
- the specific steps include:
- the A1, A2, A3, and A4 point information is obtained, and the effective job information is extracted.
- the invention relates to a method for identifying an effective working segment of a loader, defining an effective working segment, and realizing the effective working segment identification of the working spectrum according to the characteristic information of the effective working segment, which is beneficial to realizing the refinement of the working spectrum data and facilitating statistical analysis. To make the work spectrum data more regular and have good industrial applicability.
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Abstract
Description
Claims (10)
- 一种装载机有效作业段识别方法,其特征在于,包括以下步骤如下:A method for identifying an effective working segment of a loader, characterized in that the following steps are as follows:1 )从装载机上获取转斗大腔压力信号、动臂大腔压力信号,清洗、计算转斗大腔压力信号、动臂大腔压力信号提取作业周期;1 Obtaining the pressure signal of the large cavity of the bucket and the pressure signal of the large cavity of the boom from the loader, cleaning, calculating the pressure signal of the large cavity of the bucket, and extracting the working cycle of the pressure signal of the large cavity of the boom;2 )依据得到的作业周期,对作业周期内的作业段根据预定义的有效作业段的特征信息,进行作业段提取,实现有效作业段的识别;2 According to the obtained work cycle, the work segment in the work cycle is extracted according to the feature information of the predefined valid work segment, and the effective work segment is identified;有效作业段包括装载机的铲掘、重载运输、卸料。Effective working sections include the shovel of the loader, heavy haul transport, and unloading.
- 根据权利要求 1 所述的装载机有效作业段识别方法,其特征在于,步骤 2 )中所述的有效作业段的特征信息为预设的特定阈值,通过特定阈值提取各个作业段的分段点。 The loader effective working segment identification method according to claim 1, wherein the step 2 The feature information of the effective work segment described in the above is a preset specific threshold value, and the segmentation points of the respective work segments are extracted by a specific threshold.
- 根据权利要求 1 所述的装载机有效作业段识别方法,其特征在于,有效作业段省略标准作业段的空载前进、空载后退,重载运输包括标准作业段 的满载后退、满载前进。 According to claim 1 The loader effective working segment identification method is characterized in that the effective working segment omits the no-load advancement and the no-load retreat of the standard working segment, and the heavy-duty transportation includes full-load retreat and full-load advancement of the standard working segment.
- 根据权利要求 2 所述的装载机有效作业段识别方法,其特征在于,动臂大腔压力接触物料前的极小值点定义为挖掘作业段起始时间点;转斗大腔压力的第一个极大值点定义为挖掘作业段结束时间点;According to claim 2 The loader effective working segment identification method is characterized in that the minimum value point before the boom large cavity pressure contact material is defined as the starting time point of the excavation working section; the first maximum value of the bucket large cavity pressure The point is defined as the end time of the mining work segment;重载运输作业段起始时间为挖掘作业段结束时间 点 ;卸载物料前,转斗大腔压力大于预设的变化阀值的时间点为重载运输作业段结束时间点;The starting time of the heavy transport transport segment is the end time of the excavation work segment. Before unloading the material, the time point at which the large cavity pressure of the bucket is greater than the preset change threshold is the end time of the heavy-duty transportation operation section;卸料作业段起始时间为重载运输作业段结束时间 点 ;卸载物料后,动臂大腔压力达到的极小值点定义为卸料作业段结束时间点;The start time of the unloading operation section is the end time of the heavy-duty transportation operation section. After unloading the material, the minimum point reached by the boom cavity pressure is defined as the end time of the unloading section;则有效作业段包括 A1 、 A2 、 A3 和 A4 四个分段点。The valid job segment includes four segment points A1, A2, A3, and A4.
- 根据权利要求 4 所述的装载机有效作业段识别方法,其特征在于,各个作业段的分段点的提取具体为:The method for identifying an effective working segment of a loader according to claim 4, wherein the extraction of the segmentation points of each of the working segments is specifically:2.1 )对动臂大腔压力进行极小值点求取,并求取最小的极小值点 B ;接着求取最邻近最小的极小值点 B 左右的极小值点,则左边的极小值点为分段点 A1 ,右边的极小值点为分段点 A4 ;2.1) Calculate the minimum value of the large cavity pressure of the boom and obtain the minimum minimum point B; then find the nearest minimum minimum point B For the minimum value points on the left and right, the minimum value point on the left is the segmentation point A1, and the minimum value point on the right is the segmentation point A4;2.2 )然后对转斗大腔压力进行一阶求导,求取其变化率,再对转斗大腔压力求取最大极大值点 C ;然后求取最邻近最大极大值点 C 的左右第一个一阶导数大于预设极大阀值的变化点,则左边的变化点为分段点 A2 ,右边的变化点为分段点 A3 。2.2) Then carry out the first-order derivation of the large cavity pressure of the bucket, obtain the rate of change, and then obtain the maximum maximum point C for the large cavity pressure of the bucket; then find the nearest maximum maximum point The first first derivative of C is greater than the change point of the preset maximum threshold, then the change point on the left is segmentation point A2, and the change point on the right is segmentation point A3.
- 根据权利要求 5 所述的装载机有效作业段识别方法,其特征在于,步骤 2.1 )中,先对动臂大腔压力进行两次迭代滤波,再对两次迭代滤波后得到的信号进行极小值点求取。 The loader effective working segment identification method according to claim 5, wherein the step 2.1 In the first step, the iterative filtering is performed on the large cavity pressure of the boom first, and then the signal obtained by the two iterative filtering is subjected to the minimum value point.
- 根据权利要求 5 所述的装载机有效作业段识别方法,其特征在于,步骤 2.2 )中,对转斗大腔压力分别进行两次迭代滤波和一百次迭代滤波,对两次迭代滤波得到的数值进行一阶求导,求取其变化率;对一百次迭代滤波后得到的数据求取最大极大值点 C 。 The loader effective working segment identification method according to claim 5, wherein the step 2.2 In the process, the iterative filtering and one hundred iterative filtering are performed on the large cavity pressure of the bucket respectively, and the first-order derivation of the values obtained by the two iterative filtering is obtained, and the rate of change is obtained; Data to obtain the maximum maximum point C .
- 根据权利要求 1 所述的装载机有效作业段识别方法,其特征在于, 定义各作业段间为连续性,即:挖掘作业段起点标为 A1 ;挖掘作业段终点的为重载运输作业段的起点标为 A2 ;重载运输作业段终点的为重卸料作业段的起点标为 A3 ;重卸料作业段的终点标为 A3. ;The method for identifying an effective working segment of a loader according to claim 1, wherein the continuity between the working segments is defined, that is, the starting point of the mining working segment is marked as A1. The starting point of the excavation section is marked as A2 for the heavy-duty transport section; the end of the heavy-duty transport section is marked as A3 for the heavy-duty operation section; and the end point of the heavy-loading operation section is marked A3. ;主要步骤如下:The main steps are as follows:1 )采集压力信号:1) Collect pressure signal:从装载机上分别采集转斗大腔压力信号、动臂大腔压力信号;Collecting the pressure signal of the large cavity of the bucket and the pressure signal of the large cavity of the boom from the loader;2 )作业周期提取:2) Job cycle extraction:对动臂大腔压力信号进行清洗、计算获得极小值点 B ,依据极小值点 B 计算获得作业段的起点 A1 和终点 A4The boom pressure signal is cleaned and calculated to obtain the minimum point B. The starting point A1 and the end point of the working segment are calculated according to the minimum point B. A4对转斗大腔压力信号进行清洗、计算获得极大值点 C ,依据极大值点 C 计算获得作业段的节点 A2 和 A3Clean the large cavity pressure signal of the bucket, calculate the maximum point C, and calculate the node A2 of the working segment according to the maximum point C. A33 )有效作业提取:3) Effective job extraction:根据以上计算获得 A1 、 A2 、 A3 、 A4 即可获得有效作业信息。According to the above calculation, A1, A2, A3, and A4 can be obtained to obtain valid job information.
- 根据权利要求 8 所述的装载机有效作业段识别方法,其特征在于, 所述 A1 和 A4 获得,包括以下步骤:The loader effective working segment identification method according to claim 8, wherein said A1 and A4 Obtained, including the following steps:2.1 对动臂大腔压力信号 201 进行两次迭代滤波 2022.1 Two iterative filtering of the boom large cavity pressure signal 201 2022.2 求极小值点 B2032.2 Find the minimum point B2032.3 求最邻近 B 的左右极小值点 2042.3 Find the nearest left and right minimum points of B 2042.4 得到 A1 、 A4 点。2.4 Get points A1 and A4.
- 根据权利要求 8 所述的装载机有效作业段识别方法,其特征在于, 所述 A2 和 A3 获得,包括以下步骤:The loader effective working segment identification method according to claim 8, wherein said A2 and A3 Obtained, including the following steps:2.5 转斗大腔压力信号 211 进行两次迭代滤波 212 ,再进行一阶求导 2132.5 Sweeping large cavity pressure signal 211 Perform two iterative filtering 212, and then perform first-order derivation 2132.6 转斗大腔压力信号 211 进行一百次迭代滤波 214 ,求极大值点 C215 ;2.6 The large cavity pressure signal of the hopper is subjected to one hundred iteration filtering 214, and the maximum point C215 is obtained;2.7 求最邻近 C 的左右第一阶导数大于 0.5 的点 2162.7 Find the point where the first and second derivatives of the nearest C are greater than 0.5 2162.8 得到 A2 、 A3 点。2.8 Get points A2 and A3.
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CN108978769B (en) * | 2018-07-03 | 2021-03-16 | 柳州柳工挖掘机有限公司 | Excavator working condition identification timing method and system and excavator |
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CN111538953A (en) * | 2020-04-17 | 2020-08-14 | 上海华兴数字科技有限公司 | Material identification method, device, equipment and storage medium |
CN111538953B (en) * | 2020-04-17 | 2023-06-16 | 上海华兴数字科技有限公司 | Material identification method, device, equipment and storage medium |
CN113882457A (en) * | 2021-09-27 | 2022-01-04 | 徐州徐工挖掘机械有限公司 | Hydraulic excavator working condition identification and statistics method and system and hydraulic excavator |
CN115264047A (en) * | 2022-07-18 | 2022-11-01 | 华侨大学 | Automatic gear shifting method, device, equipment and storage medium of electric loader |
CN115264047B (en) * | 2022-07-18 | 2023-05-02 | 华侨大学 | Automatic gear shifting method, device and equipment of electric loader and storage medium |
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CN106096593B (en) | 2019-06-04 |
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