WO2018012989A1

WO2018012989A1 - Method and measure for determining the roof batten gauge

Info

Publication number: WO2018012989A1
Application number: PCT/PL2017/000069
Authority: WO
Inventors: Wieslawa CIESIELSKA; Artur CIESIELSKI
Original assignee: Ciesielska Wieslawa
Priority date: 2016-07-11
Filing date: 2017-07-07
Publication date: 2018-01-18
Also published as: PL417918A1

Abstract

The method of determining the spacing of roof battens consists in unwinding a roofer's measure (A) on at least two extreme rafters (6), setting the zero point of the measure at the top edge of the ridge batten (2), then reading directly from the roofer's measure (A) in the section adjacent to the edge of the roof (7), the most advantageous permissible spacing of roof battens (LA), and marking points of roof batten installation on the extreme rafters. Then, between the marked points on the extreme rafters (6) a measuring rope is extended or a construction laser is positioned, and points of roof batten installation on inner rafters are marked, after which the roof battens are fixed to the rafters so marked. The roofer's measure for determining the spacing of battens has the form of a flexible band provided with a centimetre scale of rafter dimension (ł1) and, in at least one row (ł), with a scale indicating the points of installation of roof battens defined for typical batten gauges (LA), preferably within the range of 14 to 44 cm, creating in relation to the rafter dimension scale (ł1) an increasing arithmetic sequence defined by the general formula a_n = a₁+(n-1 ) x r, where the difference r = LA.

Description

Method and measure for determining the roof batten gauge

The invention relates to a method and a measure for determining the spacing between roof battens, said measure constituting, among other things, a versatile tool for fast and precise determination of the fixing points of roof battens to rafters of a roof being covered, as well as for planning and checking the arrangement of a large number of repetitive elements of smaii dimensions over !ong spans in a straight line.

At present, the problem of spacing the battens for supporting ceramic tiies is solved by reading the recommended spacing from the tile manufacturer's instructions and making calculations according to the manufacturer's assembly instructions. Nowadays, the methods of roof construction consist in nailing in the first place of the so-caf!ed counter battens, followed by nailing to them perpendicular to them horizontal proper roof battens on which the roof covering is laid.

4, an example of calculating and determining the spacing of roof battens that depends on the length of rafters and on roof slope. The input data adopted were: roof slope 40°, total length of roof structure i = 7.85 m, spacing between second batten and end of rafter LAT = 31.5 cm, spacing between last batten and point of connection of counter battens at the ridge beam LAF = 4.0 cm (Fig.10).

An example of how to calculate the spacing between battens was done in the following steps:

Key to symbols:

LAT- spacing between second batten and end of rafter,

LA - batten spacing dependent on roof slope,

LAF - spacing between last batten and point of connection of counter battens at the ridge beam,

i - overall length of structure,

k - tile overhang beyond eaves batten.

Calculation of the covering length to be determined = i - LAT - LAF

7.85 - 0.315 - 0.04 =7.495

This length must be divided evenly.

With the roof slope of 40° the spacing of battens should be within

28.01ο 30.0 cm

Average spacing is ca. 29.0 cm = 0.29 m

7.495 / 0.29 = 25.845 rows of tiles

The instruction manual for Koramic roof tiles from Wienerberger AG, Austria, describes, on pages 63 - 64 (http://www.ambit.qda.pl/Dachowka- Ceramiczna/Koramic/Renesansowa-L15.htmV a method of determining on site the spacing between roof battens, where before the battens are arranged the length and width of coverage is precisely checked for the given lot of tiles prior to installing them. In order to determine the length of coverage, two rows of tiles are arranged on a flat support surface side by side, 12 tiles in each row. Top surfaces of the tiles should face the support surface. The rows of tiles are so arranged that the overlap of the tiies allowed by tile interlocks is first set at maximum and then reduced to minimum. The length of coverage is determined by measuring the distance from the bottom edge of the 1 st tile to the bottom edge of the 11th tile. Both measurement results are divided by 10. The results give the highest and the lowest possible batten spacings for the particular lot of roof tiies. Whereas with this method (not applicable to tiles of variable headlap) the most recommended value is the average length of coverage which makes an allowance for manufacturing tolerance and stress of the timber structure. Tiles to be measured should be taken from different package pallets.

The registered design no. PL 21105 describes a tool for assembling battens, the shape of the tool resembling that of a slide calliper, and the tool consisting of two interconnected flat bars each having the shape of letter L, wherein the larger flat bar has on its longer arm a longitudinal notch and a scale, and a flange on its shorter arm. The smaller fiat bar has a guide pin and a knob.

The German company HEDLI GmbH manufactures an adjustable gauge for roof battens enabling fast and easy arrangement of roof battens and counter battens at identical repeatable distances. The adjustable gauge is made of aluminium and is therefore lightweight and convenient to use. The gauge has, on its main frame, an engraved scale 4 to 40 cm with markings every 1 mm, and a movable slider locked with a screw to establish a fixed spacing. The on-site methods of determining batten spacing applied so far often lead to errors in the calculation and marking of spacing causing significant dimensional differences between individual tiles. When battens are arranged too close to each other, the tiies overlap excessively making an impression of being too long. When the spacing between battens is too large, the tiles do not overlap properly and seem to be too short. There may also be the problem of battens being fixed on the roof at uneven spacings which affects the appearance and symmetry of the roof, as weil as its water tightness. An error of a few millimetres made at the start of the batten arrangement process, when common tools for batten assembly are used, adds up and may lead in the end to differences of as much as few centimetres, and the only remedy may then be repositioning of all battens or cutting tiles at the ridge batten. Moreover, the common method of determining the spacing of the battens must involve a highly qualified worker who must perform individual on-site calculations for different types of roof tiles in accordance with the tile manufacturer's instructions.

The aim of the present invention is to eliminate the existing disadvantages by optimizing the method of directly determining the spacing of the roof battens using a versatile roofer's measure to determine the batten spacing for the most commonly used roof coverings and without employing a qualified worker.

The method of determining the spacing of roof battens consists in unwinding a roofer's measure on at least two extreme rafters, setting the zero point of the measure at the top edge of the ridge batten, then reading directly from the roofer's measure in the section adjacent to the edge of the roof, the most advantageous permissible spacing of roof battens, and marking on the extreme rafters points of installation, and fixing the roof battens to the rafters so marked.

In another method, between the marked points on the extreme rafters a measuring rope is extended or a construction laser is positioned, and additionally points of roof batten installation on inner rafters are marked.

In another method roofer's measures are affixed to at least two extreme rafters and left there for the time of installing roof battens to adjust the spacing of battens in a controlled manner when an asymmetry in the roof covering occurs.

The roofer's measure for determining the spacings has the form of a flexible band provided with a centimetre scale of rafter dimension and, in at least one row, with a scale indicating the points of installation of roof battens defined for typical batten gauges, preferably within the range of 14 to 44.5 cm, creating in relation to the rafter dimension scale an increasing arithmetic sequence defined by the general formula a_n = ai+(n-1 ) * r, where the difference r = LA.

The roofer's measure has, in at least one row, a half-scale consisting of batten installation points for typical spacings corresponding to the various batten spacings (LA + 0.5 cm), wherein each of the half-points is marked in a different colour assigned to the individual roof batten spacings (LA + 0.5 cm). Another form of the roiled up band is placed in a housing and is wound onto a winch that enables winding and unwinding of the band.

Another form of the rolled up band has its bottom side in the form of an adhesive tape to be permanently attached to a rafter or to be fixed to an aluminium flat bar to create a rigid ruler.

The application of the method and roofer's measure according to the invention enables fast and easy determination of roof batten spacings directly on the roof and checking of the spacing at every stage of batten installation, as well as checking the arrangement of battens installed on a building. The new solution enables determining and marking the spacing of roof battens during roofing work without the need to make laborious and precise calculations on the roof, contributing significantly to construction precision and to reduction of losses resulting from errors. The measure according to the invention is versatile and eliminates the need to employ a highly qualified worker for making calculations at the site.

Embodiments of the invention are presented in drawings, wherein Fig. 1 shows a fragment of the roofer's measure for roof batten spacings in the range of 14 to 44 cm along the first segment (0 to 25 cm) of the rafter, Fig. 2 shows the second fragment of the roofer's measure for roof batten spacings in the range of 14 to 44 cm along the segment of the rafter between 26th and 52nd cm, Fig. 3 shows the final fragment of the roofer's measure for roof batten spacings in the range of 14 to 44 cm along the segment of the rafter between 981st and 1000th cm, Fig. 4 shows a fragment of the roofer's measure for roof batten spacings in the range of 14 to 28 cm along the first segment (0 to 31 cm) of the rafter, Fig. 5 shows a fragment of the roofer's measure for roof batten spacings in the range of 30 to 44 cm along the first segment (0 to 44 cm) of the rafter, Fig. 6 shows an illustrative view of a section of a roof being covered with no eaves, Fig. 7 shows an illustrative view of a section of a roof being covered with the eaves completed, Fig. 8 shows the first lowermost fragment of the roofer's measure placed at the bottom of the roof when determining the spacing of battens, Fig. 9 shows a second fragment of the roofer's measure the first fragment of which is shown in Fig. 8.

Example 1 (measure)

Roofer's measure A (Fig.1 , Fig.2 and Fig.3) is in the form of a flexible band for manual unwinding and winding, 10 cm wide and 1000 cm long, made of a material of very low thermal expansion. Along the right edge of the tool is a centimetre scale of rafter dimension L1 in the range of 0 to 1000 cm which indicates the dimension of the rafter from point zero. The points of installation of battens according to typical spacings LA specified in centimetres in manufacturers' catalogues for the various roof tile types are marked on the flexible band in four rows L4, L5, LB and L7 in the middle portion of the flexible band A. The installation points marked on the roofer's measure A for the subsequent batten spacings LA within the range of 14 to 44 cm in relation to the rafter dimension scale L1 create for the various roof tile types an increasing arithmetic sequence defined by the general formula a_n = ai+(n-1) * r, where the difference r = LA. And, for instance, for LA = 30, the second point of batten installation on the rafter dimension scale, counting from the upper edge of the ridge batten, is marked on the 60th cm of rafter

[ 2 i ( ) ( ) x 30 = 60], and the seventh point is marked on the 210th cm of the rafter dimension scale

On the left side of the rafter dimension scale L1 and on the left side of the left edge there are, arranged in one row, the half-points of batten spacing LA in rows L2 and L3 assigned to the various typical batten spacings LA + 0.5 cm. The half-points of batten spacing LA facilitate precise fitting of optimum batten spacings LA on the building structure. Row L4 has points marked for batten spacings LA of 0 to 14, 15, 16, 17, 18, 19 cm, and beside to the left in row L5 there are points marked for batten spacings LA of 0 to 20, 21 , 22, 23, 24, 25, 26, 29 cm. Row L2 has half-points marked for roof batten spacings LA of 0 to 14.5, 15.5, 16.5, 17.5, 18.5, 19.5 cm and of 20.5, 21.5, 22.5, 23.5, 24.5, 25.5, 26.5, 27.5, 28.5, 29.5 cm. Row L6 has points marked for batten spacings LA of 0 to 30, 31 , 32, 33, 34, 35, 36, 37, 38, 39 cm, and beside to the left in row L7 there are points marked for batten spacings LA of 40, 41 , 42, 43, 44 cm. Row L3 has half-points marked for roof batten spacings LA of 0 to 30.5, 31.5, 32.5, 33.5, 34.5, 35.5, 36.5, 37.5, 38.5, 39.5, 40.5, 41.5, 42.5, 43.5 cm. In order to improve the visibility of points marked in rows L2 and L3 which include half-points for the various roof batten spacings LA, the markings assigned to one group of roof batten spacing LA are printed in the same distinguishing colour. In turn, each half-point for the various roof batten spacings LA has a different colour assigned which facilitates finding the right dimension on the roofer's measure A.

Example 2 (measure)

Roofer's measure A (Fig. 4) is fabricated as that presented in Example 1 , whereas here the points of typical batten spacings LA are reduced to the ranges of 14 to 29 cm, therefore the tape width is reduced to 6.5 cm. Along the right edge of the tool is a centimetre scale of rafter dimension L1 in the range of 0 to 1000 cm which indicates the dimension of the rafter from point zero. The points of installation of battens according to typical spacings LA specified in centimetres in manufacturers' catalogues for the various roof tile types are marked on the flexible band in rows L4, and L5 in the middle portion of the flexible band A. Row L4 has points marked for batten spacings LA of 0 to 14, 15, 16, 17, 18, 19 cm, and beside to the left in row L5 there are points marked for batten spacings LA of 0 to 20, 21 , 22, 23, 24, 25, 26, 29 cm. Row L2 has half-points marked for roof batten spacings LA of 0 to 14.5, 15.5, 16.5, 17.5, 18.5, 19.5 cm and of 20.5, 21.5, 22.5, 23.5, 24.5, 25.5, 26.5, 27.5, 28.5, 29.5 cm.

Example 3 (measure) Roofer's measure A (Fig. 5) is fabricated as that presented in Example 2, whereas here the points of typical batten spacings LA are reduced to the ranges of 30 to 39 cm, therefore the tape width is reduced to 4.5 cm. Along the right edge of the tool is a centimetre scale of rafter dimension L1 in the range of 0 to 1000 cm which indicates the dimension of the rafter from point zero. The points of installation of battens according to typical spacings LA specified in centimetres in manufacturers' catalogues for the various roof tile types are marked on the flexible band in row L6. Row L6 has points marked for roof batten spacings LA of 0 to 30, 31 , 32, 33, 34, 35, 36, 37, 38, 39 cm. Row 13 has half-points marked for roof batten spacings LA of 0 to 30.5, 31.5, 32.5, 33.5, 34.5, 35.5, 36.5, 37.5, 38.5, 39.5 cm.

Example 4 (measure)

Roofer's measure A is fabricated as that presented in Example 1 , 2 or 3, whereas it has a form of a rolled up flexible band placed in a housing and wound onto a winch that enables winding and unwinding of the band.

Example 5 (measure)

In another embodiment, the roofer's measure A is fabricated as that presented in Example 1 , 2 or 3, whereas it has a form of a rolled up flexible band the bottom side of which is in the form of adhesive tape. The roofer's measure A of this form constitutes a single-use tool which is permanently affixed to a rafter and is retained there or it is affixed to an aluminium bar to be used as portable rigid ruler.

Example 6 (method)

Method of determining the spacing of battens according to the invention applied to roof tiles named teviva manufactured by Monier Braas for roof slope of a = 40°, overall roof structure length i - 785 cm, spacing between last batten and point of connection of counter battens at the ridge beam LAF - 4.0 cm and roof overhang x = 4 - 6 cm beyond the supporting batten 1, which is illustrated in Fig. 6, Fig. 7, Fig. 8, where:

LA - batten spacing dependent on roof slope,

i - overall length of structure,

k - tile overhang beyond start batten,

a - roof slope angle.

According to catalogue data, for this type of roof tiles and roof slope of 40° the spacing of battens LA should be within 28.0 to 30.0 cm. The overall roof structure length i should by divided evenly to enable the most advantageous arrangement of roof tiles on the roof between the lower edge of supporting batten 1 plus distance k of tile overhang beyond the supporting batten 1 and the upper edge of the ridge batten 2 (Fig. 6). If the extension of the roof tiles used does not enable even arrangement of tiles on the roof (Fig. 7) between the lower edge of supporting batten 1 plus distance k of tile overhang beyond the supporting batten 1 and the upper edge of the ridge batten 2, the tiies should be arranged evenly on the roof between the upper edge of the ridge batten 2 and the lower edge of the start batten 3. In this case the area between lower edge of start batten 1 plus tile overhang k beyond supporting batten 1 is fabricated in the form of a metal sheet eaves. In order to determine spacings LA of middle battens 5, the roofer's measure A is unwound onto rafter 6 with the zero point of the measure placed level with the upper edge of the ridge batten 2. Then the most advantageous permissible spacing of roof battens LA that is within the value specified in catalogue (28.0 - 30.0 cm) is read from the roofer's measure A near the roof edge (Fig. 6). In this example we look for appropriate points on the roofer's measure A near the roof edge which is at centimetre 781 cm of rafter 6. Point X0 (Fig. 8), which corresponds to spacing LA = 29 cm, is at centimetre 783 which is beyond the roof edge 7, point X1 (Fig. 9), which corresponds to spacing LA = 29 cm is at centimetre 754 of rafter 6 immediately above the roof edge 7. in this case point X1 is marked for the first batten and then the spacings LA of middle battens are read directly from the roofer's measure A, i.e. X2 at centimetre 725 of rafter 6, X3 at centimetre 696 of rafter 6, X4 at centimetre 667 of rafter 6, and so on. in this case the supporting batten 1 is at the same time the start batten 3. Alternatively, we can take point Y0 assigned to spacing LA = 28 cm and which is at centimetre 784 cm beyond the roof edge, and point Y1 at centimetre 756 immediately above roof edge 7, depending on which tile overhang beyond the supporting batten is more advantageous, which will be larger by 1 cm if this spacing is chosen. In this case the supporting batten 1 is at the same time the start batten 3. Also with the spacing LA = 28 cm or LA = 29 cm the last batten may be installed at point Y1 or A1 and the remainder of roof covering is fabricated in the form of metal sheet eaves (Fig. 7) When reading directly off the roofer's measure A, use may be made of the point Z1 (Fig. 8) assigned to the spacing LA = 28.5 cm positioned on centimetre 769.5. Spacings of middle battens of 29 cm representing the spacings of individual battens LA between their upper edges are marked clearly on at least two extreme roof rafters 6. Next, between the marked points on the extreme rafters 6 a measuring rope is extended and points of roof batten installation on inner rafters are marked. A construction laser may also be used for marking the points on the rafters. On longer roofs the points of batten installation are marked additionally on a middle rafter or, preferably, on two rafters positioned symmetrically between the extreme roof rafters 6 in order to ensure a more precise arrangement of the battens on the roof.

Example 7 (method) in another method according to the invention, all the operations are carried out identically as in Example 6, whereas the roofer's measure is permanently affixed to rafter 6 and retained there throughout the entire process of nailing the battens and covering the roof. Measures of this type are used particularly on buildings being renovated, where after removal of old roof covering, one side of the covering occurs to be longer than the opposite side, and where the final roof covering is of tiles, the arrangement of which can be adjusted. In such case permanent affixing of roofer's measures A to at least two rafters 6 enables adjusting the spacing of battens on the run in a controlled manner, eliminating thereby visual effects of the differences.

The method of determining roof batten spacing is primarily applied during roofing works, where it enables fast and precise arrangement of battens directly on the roof and enables verifying the accuracy of batten arrangement. Moreover, the measure according to the invention, due to the standard spacings marked on it, may be used for measurements and checking during various works, wherein a large number of repetitive elements of small dimensions are arranged over long spans in a straight line, e.g. in supporting scaffolds, plasterboards, facade panels, paving slabs, paving setts. The measure can be used in metal working, for duplicating the spacing between welded elements, or in woodworking, for duplicating the spacing between elements, e.g. stair steps. The advantage of this measure over a traditional tape measure are the marked points repeated every 0 to 44 cm or over larger distances which facilitates planned arrangement of elements before laying them.

Claims

1. A method of determining the spacing of roof battens on the rafters of a roof being covered consisting in determining the positions of installation points of battens, characterized in that a roofer's measure (A) is unwound onto at least two extreme rafters (6), the zero point of the roofer's measure (A) is set level with the upper edge of the ridge batten (2), then the most advantageous permissible spacing of roof battens (LA) is read directly from the roofer's measure (A) in the section adjacent to the edge of the roof (7), and the points of batten installation are marked on the extreme rafters of the roof, after which the roof battens are fixed to the rafters (6) so marked.

2. The method of determining the spacing of roof battens according to claim 1 characterized in that between the marked points on the extreme rafters (6) a measuring rope is extended or a construction laser is positioned, and additional points of roof batten installation on inner rafters are marked.

3. The method of determining the spacing of roof battens according to claim 1 or 2 characterized in that the roofer's measures (A) are affixed to at least two extreme rafters (6) and retained there for the time of installing roof battens to adjust the spacing of battens on the run in a controlled manner during batten installation when an asymmetry in the roof covering occurs.

4. A roofer's measure for determining the spacing of battens characterized in that the measure has the form of a flexible band provided with a centimetre scale of rafter dimension (L1) and, in at least one row (L), with a scale indicating the points of installation of roof battens defined for typical batten gauges (LA), preferably within the range of 14 to 44 cm, creating in relation to the rafter dimension scale (L1 ) an increasing arithmetic sequence defined by the general formula a_n = ai+(n-1 ) * r, where the difference r = LA.

5. The roofer's measure according to claim 4 characterized in that the measure has, in at least one row, a half-scale consisting of batten installation points for typical batten spacings (LA) corresponding to the various batten spacings (LA + 0.5 cm).

6. The roofer's measure according to claim 5 characterized in that each of the half-points for the individual roof batten spacings (LA + 0.5 cm) has a different distinguishing colour assigned to it.

7. The roofer's measure according to claim 4 characterized in that the measure has the form of a rolled up band placed in a housing and wound onto a winch that enables winding and unwinding of the band.

8. The roofer's measure according to claim 4 characterized in that the measure has the form of a rolled up flexible band the bottom side of which is in the form of adhesive tape.

9. The roofer's measure according to claim 8 characterized in that the measure's rolled up flexible band is affixed permanently to a roof rafter.

10. The roofer's measure according to claim 8 characterized in that the measure's rolled up flexible band is bonded onto an aluminium bar to form a portable rigid ruler.