WO2018001177A1

WO2018001177A1 - Medical catheter

Info

Publication number: WO2018001177A1
Application number: PCT/CN2017/089700
Authority: WO
Inventors: 袁海云; 庄建; 陈寄梅
Original assignee: 广州行心医疗器械有限公司
Priority date: 2016-06-29
Filing date: 2017-06-23
Publication date: 2018-01-04
Also published as: CN205964684U

Abstract

A medical catheter for satisfying different requirements of blood flow, oxygen concentration and blood pressure needed by various body parts during fetal extracorporeal circulation. The medical catheter comprises a main part (20). The main part (20) is internally provided with at least two first flow paths (40). Each of the first flow paths (40) is disposed independently from each other. Exits (A, B) of each of the first flow paths (40) are located at different locations along the length of the main part (20). The medical catheter is infused, through an inlet of the first flow path (40), with a fluid. The fluid then flows out through the exits (A, B) of the first flow path (40). Each of the first flow paths (40) outputs the fluid independently to satisfy different perfusion requirements of blood flow, oxygen concentration and blood pressure needed by various fetal body parts.

Description

Medical cannula

Priority information

The present application claims priority to and the benefit of the patent application No. 2016.

Technical field

The present invention relates to the field of medical devices, and in particular to a medical cannula.

Background technique

Extracorporeal circulation is a life support technique that uses a special artificial device to extract the returning venous blood out of the body for gas exchange, temperature regulation, and filtration and return to the internal arteries. Due to the temporary replacement of human heart function by special artificial devices, it is also called cardiac bypass technology.

The blood circulation of newborns, children and adults is shown in Figure 1. Referring to Figure 2, the aortic cannula 100 is a surgical device suitable for extracorporeal circulation in adults, children, and infants, which consists of a surgical wire retaining ring 101, a tubular body 102, and a fitting 103.

Figure 3 is a schematic diagram of fetal blood circulation. The fetus and the mother are connected by the umbilical cord. The oxygen required for fetal growth is provided by the umbilical cord. Therefore, the fetus does not use lung breathing. The blood circulation pattern of the fetus is different from that of newborns, children and adults. The blood flow required by various parts of the fetal body. The oxygen concentration and pressure are different.

At least the following problems exist in the prior art: With the continuous development of medical technology, the industry is committed to the intrauterine surgery for fetal congenital heart disease. However, there is currently no satisfactory fetal extracorporeal circulation technology, and fetal cardiac surgery is still not possible, resulting in very limited benefit from intrauterine intervention. Since the fetal blood circulation pattern is different from that of adults, the current aortic cannula is not suitable for the fetus. However, there is no available arterial cannula for the extracorporeal circulation of the fetus, and the present invention is designed to solve this problem, and has made unremitting efforts to finally find a safe and reliable fetal extracorporeal circulation technology.

Summary of the invention

One of the objects of the present invention is to provide a medical cannula that meets the requirements for different blood flow, oxygen concentration, and pressure required for various parts of the body during extracorporeal circulation.

To achieve the above object, the present invention provides the following technical solutions:

The invention provides a medical cannula, the medical cannula comprises a body, and the body has at least two The first-class roads are independent of each other, and the outlets of the first flow paths are located at different positions in the longitudinal direction of the body.

In an optional or preferred embodiment, a barrier body is disposed outside the body between the outlets of the two adjacent first flow paths, the barrier body for accommodating the inner wall of the blood vessel of the medical cannula Cooperating to prevent mixing of the liquid flowing out of the outlets of the two adjacent first flow paths.

In an optional or preferred embodiment, the inlets of the first flow paths are located at the same end in the longitudinal direction of the body, and the outlets of the first flow paths are located at different positions in the longitudinal direction of the body.

In an alternative or preferred embodiment, the inner diameters of the respective first flow paths are different in size such that the blood flow of each of the first flow paths is different.

In an optional or preferred embodiment, the barrier body comprises a capsule body, the edge of the capsule body is sealed with the outer wall of the body, the body is provided with a second flow path, and the inlet of the second flow path is An inlet of each of the first flow paths is located at a same end of the body, and an outlet of the second flow path is in communication with a cavity between the body and the capsule;

Wherein, fluid can be injected into the cavity between the body and the capsule through the second flow path.

In an alternative or preferred embodiment, the balloon is constructed of a soft material.

In an alternative or preferred embodiment, the outer wall of the medical cannula is smooth.

In an alternative or preferred embodiment, the edge of the balloon is bonded to the body.

In an alternative or preferred embodiment, the outer wall of the capsule is integrated with the outer wall of the body when no fluid is injected into the capsule.

In an optional or preferred embodiment, the number of the barrier bodies is at least two, and each of the barrier bodies is spaced apart along the length of the body.

In an optional or preferred embodiment, the material of the body is selected from the group consisting of polyvinyl chloride, polyethylene, and polycarbonate.

In an optional or preferred embodiment, the number of the blocking bodies is two, and the number of the first flow paths is three: a first sub-flow path, a second sub-flow path, and a third sub-flow path;

The outlet of the second sub-flow path is located at a position where the body is between the two barrier bodies, and the outlets of the first sub-flow path and the third sub-flow path are respectively located at the body The position of the two sides of the barrier.

In an optional or preferred embodiment, the flow rate of the first sub-flow path: the flow rate of the second sub-flow path: the flow rate of the third sub-flow path=8:25:67 or 4:29: 67 or 0:31:69.

In an alternative or preferred embodiment, the inner side of the outer wall of the body is provided with a reinforcing wire; and/or at least one outer wall of the first flow path is provided with a reinforcing wire.

Based on the foregoing technical solutions, the embodiments of the present invention can at least produce the following technical effects:

The above technical solution is designed for fetal extracorporeal circulation and can be used for arterial cannulation. The liquid is injected through the inlet of the first flow path, and the liquid then flows out through the outlet of the first flow path. Each of the first flow paths independently outputs a liquid to meet different perfusion requirements of different blood flow, oxygen concentration, and pressure for different parts of the fetal body.

Additional aspects and advantages of the embodiments of the invention will be set forth in part in the description.

DRAWINGS

The above and/or additional aspects and advantages of the present invention will become apparent and readily understood from

1 is a schematic view of blood circulation of a human body in the prior art;

2 is a schematic view showing the structure of an extracorporeal circulation aortic cannula used in the human body in the prior art;

Figure 3 is a schematic diagram of fetal blood circulation;

4 is a schematic structural view of a medical cannula according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention;

5 is a schematic structural view of a medical cannula according to a second embodiment of the present invention;

6 is a schematic structural view of a medical cannula according to a third embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 7 is a schematic structural view of a medical cannula according to Embodiment 4 of the present invention.

Reference mark:

1, input port; 2, import; 3, import; 4, import; 5, input port; 6, export; 7, output port; 8, proximal capsule; 9, export; 10, output port; End capsule; 12, medical cannula; 13, outlet; 20, body; 30, barrier body; 40, first flow path; 50, second flow path; 60, reinforcing wire; 401, first sub-flow path; a second sub-flow path; 403, a third sub-flow path.

detailed description

The embodiments of the present invention are described in detail below, and the examples of the embodiments are illustrated in the drawings, wherein the same or similar reference numerals indicate the same or similar elements or elements having the same or similar functions. The embodiments described below with reference to the drawings are intended to be illustrative of the invention and are not to be construed as limiting.

In the description of the present invention, it is to be understood that the terms "center", "longitudinal", "transverse", "length", "width", "thickness", "upper", "lower", "front", " Orientations of "post", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inside", "outside", "clockwise", "counterclockwise", etc. The positional relationship is based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings, and is merely for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, and does not indicate or imply that the device or component referred to has a specific The orientation, construction and operation in a particular orientation are not to be construed as limiting the invention. Moreover, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying a relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of technical features indicated. Thus, features defining "first" or "second" may include one or more of the described features either explicitly or implicitly. In the description of the present invention, the meaning of "a plurality" is two or more unless specifically and specifically defined otherwise.

In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that the terms "installation", "connected", and "connected" are to be understood broadly, and may be fixed or detachable, for example, unless otherwise explicitly defined and defined. Connected, or connected in one piece. It can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection. It can be directly connected or indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, which can be the internal communication of two elements or the interaction of two elements. For those skilled in the art, the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood on a case-by-case basis.

Referring to FIG. 3 to FIG. 7 together, a first embodiment of the present invention provides a medical cannula 12. The medical cannula 12 includes a body 20. At least two first flow paths 40 are provided in the body 20. Each of the first flow paths 40 is independent of each other. The outlets of the respective first flow paths 40 are located at different positions in the longitudinal direction of the body 20.

As shown in FIG. 4 , in this embodiment, two first flow paths 40 are provided as an example, and the outlets A and B of the two first flow paths 40 are located at different positions in the longitudinal direction of the body 20 . The medical cannula 12 is adapted for insertion into the aorta of the fetus, so that the body 20 can be selected as a strip-like structure.

The main body 20 serves as a carrier base, and at least two first flow paths 40 are disposed in the interior thereof. The first flow paths 40 are independent of each other and do not flow. Each of the first flow paths 40 independently flows through the required fluid, and the fluids of the first flow paths 40 may be the same or different; and when the fluids of the first flow paths 40 are of the same type, the fluids in the first flow paths 40 are respectively The flow rate, oxygen concentration and pressure can be different or the same.

The body 20 may be made of a material such as polyvinyl chloride, polyethylene, or polycarbonate. The medical cannula of the above material is soft and easy to insert and is not easy to burst.

The above technical solution is designed for fetal extracorporeal circulation and can be used for the medical cannula 12. The liquid is injected through the inlet of the first flow path 40, and the liquid then flows out through the outlet of the first flow path 40. Each of the first flow paths 40 independently outputs a liquid to meet the perfusion requirements of different blood flow, oxygen concentration, and pressure required for different portions of the fetal body.

The medical cannula 12 provided by the embodiment of the present invention is especially suitable for a fetus because the blood flow, oxygen concentration and pressure required for different parts of the fetal body are different. The medical cannula 12 is inserted into the fetal aorta to achieve simultaneous perfusion of different parts of the fetal body under different blood flow, oxygen concentration and pressure, and meets the requirements of different organs for blood oxygen and blood pressure. When blood is input to each of the first flow paths of the medical cannula 12, it is necessary to input blood of a desired oxygen concentration and pressure to each of the first flow paths. With the fetal extracorporeal circulation medical cannula 12, a safer fetal extracorporeal circulation operation can be carried out as soon as possible.

Further, a barrier body 30 is disposed outside the body 20 between the outlets of the adjacent two first flow paths 40, and the resistor The spacer 30 is adapted to cooperate with the inner wall of the blood vessel housing the medical cannula 12 to prevent mixing of the liquid flowing out of the outlets of the adjacent two first flow paths 40. If the medical cannula 12 with the barrier 30 is inserted into the aorta, there is no need to use a clamp, which can reduce the clamping of the vessel wall when the artery is blocked, simplifying the operation process; and because the use of the barrier reduces the cardiac arrest Jumping the required arterial clamps makes the medical cannula 12 more focused on protecting blood vessels and vital organ functions.

Referring to Fig. 4, a barrier body 30 is disposed between adjacent two outlets A, B, and a fluid for blocking the outlet of the outlet A is mixed with a fluid flowing out of the outlet B. Specifically, the medical cannula 12 described above is inserted into the fetal aorta, and the contact between the barrier body 30 and the inner wall of the aorta is in close contact so that fluid flowing out through the outlet A cannot flow to the position of the outlet B.

The barrier body 30 functions to block the blood flow path in the blood vessel inserted into the medical cannula 12. The structure for achieving the partition can be various. For example, the barrier body 30 adopts a capsule structure, and the medical cannula 12 is first inserted into the aorta. Then, the liquid is injected into the barrier body 30 so that the capsule abuts against the inner wall of the blood vessel.

In this embodiment, the barrier body 30 includes a capsule body, and the edge of the capsule body is sealed with the outer wall of the body 20. The second flow path 50 is disposed in the body 20, and the inlet of the second flow path 50 and the inlet of each first flow path 40 are located in the body 20. At the same end, the outlet of the second flow path 50 is in communication with the cavity between the body 20 and the balloon. Among them, the fluid can be injected into the cavity between the body 20 and the capsule through the second flow path 50.

The capsule can be made of a soft, non-breakable, easy-to-spread material. The edge of the capsule is sealed to the body, such as by bonding or blending. A cavity is formed between the inner wall of the capsule and the outer wall of the body 20, and fluid can be injected into the cavity via the second flow path 50. After the cavity is filled with liquid, the outer wall of the capsule fits against the inner wall of the artery to block the circulation of blood in the artery.

In order to facilitate the intubation, when the fluid is not injected into the capsule, the outer wall of the capsule is integrated with the outer wall of the body 20. Realize the above requirements. The outer wall of the capsule is fused with the body 20 such that the capsule is integrated with the outer wall of the body 20 when the fluid is not injected, and the outer wall of the medical cannula 12 is smooth, which facilitates intubation. The fluid filled in the capsule may be a liquid such as water. After the chamber of the capsule is filled with liquid, the shape depends on the structure of the external restricting member, that is, the structure of the arterial blood vessel. In one case, the end of the capsule near the inlet of the first flow path 40 The size is large, and the end of the capsule away from the inlet of the first flow path 40 is slightly smaller in size.

Referring to FIG. 4, the inlets of the respective first flow paths 40 are located at the same end in the longitudinal direction of the body 20, and the outlets of the respective first flow paths 40 are located at different positions in the longitudinal direction of the body 20. During use, the exit position of each of the first flow paths 40 depends on the position of the blood vessel receiving the fluid exiting the outlet.

Further, the blood flow, blood oxygen concentration and pressure requirements required for various parts of the fetal body are different, and the inner diameters of the first flow paths 40 may be different to meet the perfusion requirements of different flow rates.

The invention is designed to solve the problem of lack of arterial cannula suitable for fetal extracorporeal circulation, and lays a foundation for finally achieving safe and reliable fetal extracorporeal circulation, and promotes the development of fetal cardiac surgery.

Embodiment 2

Referring to FIG. 5, a second embodiment of the present invention provides a medical cannula 12 which is substantially the same as the technical solution of the above embodiment, but has the following differences: in this embodiment, the number of the barrier bodies 30 is two, the first flow path. The number of 40 is three: the first sub-flow path 401, the second sub-flow path 402, and the third sub-flow path 403. The outlet of the second sub-flow path 402 is located between the two barrier bodies 30, and the outlets of the first sub-flow path 401 and the third sub-flow path 403 are respectively located on the two sides of the two barrier bodies 30. s position.

In the present embodiment, the number of the barrier bodies 30 is two, and the barrier bodies 30 are spaced apart along the longitudinal direction of the body 20. Of course, the number of the barrier bodies 30 may also be plural, for example, two barrier bodies are disposed between the outlets of the adjacent two first flow paths 40. When the capsule structure is used, the length of the capsule structure can be appropriately lengthened to ensure the barrier effect. In the present embodiment, both barrier bodies 30 adopt a capsule structure: a proximal capsule 8 and a distal capsule 11.

The number of the second flow paths 50 is two, and liquid such as water is filled into the proximal capsule 8 via the input port 1 and the output port 7 of the first second flow path 50, and the outlet 6 and the first sub-flow path 401 are realized. The partition between the outlets 9 of the two sub-flow paths 402.

The liquid such as water fills the distal capsule 11 via the input port 5 and the output port 10 of the second second flow path 50, and the partition between the outlet 9 of the second sub-flow path 402 and the outlet 13 of the third sub-flow path 403 is realized.

The medical cannula 12 described above can simultaneously deliver three fluids to the fetal body.

Two application examples of this specific embodiment are described below.

In the first case, when the medical cannula 12 is required to simultaneously infuse the cardiac arrest fluid and blood, the medical cannula 12 is first inserted into the aorta, the proximal balloon 8 is located in the ascending aorta, and the distal capsule 11 is located. Lowering the aorta.

The fetal cardioplegia is infused into the fetus via the inlet 2 and the outlet 6 of the first sub-flow path 401, and then via the inlet 4, the outlet 9 of the second sub-flow path 402 and the inlet 3 and outlet 13 of the third sub-flow path 403 as a fetus Different parts of the blood output different oxygen concentrations and pressures. At this time, the first sub-flow path 401 flows: the second sub-flow path 402 flows: the third sub-flow path 402 flows = 0:31:69.

If there is no need to perfuse the cardiac arrest fluid, the flow ratio between each of the first flow paths 40 is 4:29:67 to meet the perfusion requirements at different operations.

The second case: the medical cannula 12 is required to simultaneously infuse blood into three parts, and the medical cannula 12 is first inserted into the main pulmonary artery, the proximal end capsule 8 is located in the arterial catheter, and the distal end capsule 11 is located in the descending main body. artery.

Blood of different oxygen concentrations and pressures is then output to different parts of the fetus via the first sub-flow path 401, the second sub-flow path 402, and the third sub-flow path 403. In addition, an independent small tube was inserted into the aorta and clamped to clamp the heart.

The flow ratio between the first flow paths is 8:25:67, that is, the flow rate of the first sub-flow path 401: the flow rate of the second sub-flow path 402: the flow rate of the third sub-flow path 402=8:25:67.

Embodiment 3

Referring to FIG. 6, the technical solution of this embodiment is based on the technical solution of the foregoing second embodiment, and further: The inner side of the outer wall of the body 20 is provided with a reinforcing wire, that is, the case illustrated in Fig. 6. It should be noted that only a length of the reinforcing wire 60 is drawn for clearly indicating the other parts. The provision of the reinforcing wire prevents the medical cannula 12 from bursting and improves the safety of use.

Specifically, the reinforcing wire has a spiral structure. The reinforcing wire can be made of stainless steel or the like.

Embodiment 4

Referring to FIG. 7, the technical solution of the embodiment is based on the technical solution of the second embodiment, and further, the outer wall of the at least one first flow path 40 is provided with a reinforcing wire 60. A reinforcing wire 60 may be provided on the outer wall of each of the first flow paths 40. The reinforcing wire 60 can prevent the first flow path 40, the first flow path 40 and the second flow path 50 from colliding with each other, and the medical cannula 12 bursts, thereby improving the safety of the medical cannula 12.

Fig. 7 is a view showing a case where one of the first flow path outer walls is provided with a reinforcing wire, and in the figure, in order to clearly show other portions, only one reinforcing wire is drawn. In addition, the other first flow paths may be provided with reinforcing wires.

It should be noted that the outer wall of each of the first flow paths 40 is provided with a reinforcing wire 60, and the inner side of the outer wall of the main body 20 is provided with a reinforcing wire, which may be alternatively set, and may of course be provided at the same time.

In the present invention, the first feature "on" or "under" the second feature may include direct contact of the first and second features, and may also include first and second features, unless otherwise specifically defined and defined. It is not in direct contact but through additional features between them. Moreover, the first feature "above", "above" and "above" the second feature includes the first feature directly above and above the second feature, or merely indicating that the first feature level is higher than the second feature. The first feature "below", "below" and "below" the second feature includes the first feature directly below and below the second feature, or merely the first feature level being less than the second feature.

The following disclosure provides many different embodiments or examples for implementing different structures of the present invention. In order to simplify the disclosure of the present invention, the components and arrangements of the specific examples are described below. Of course, they are merely examples and are not intended to limit the invention. In addition, the present invention may be repeated with reference to the numerals and/or reference numerals in the various examples, which are for the purpose of simplicity and clarity, and do not indicate the relationship between the various embodiments and/or arrangements discussed. Moreover, the present invention provides examples of various specific processes and materials, but one of ordinary skill in the art will recognize the use of other processes and/or the use of other materials.

In the description of the present specification, the description with reference to the terms "one embodiment", "some embodiments", "illustrative embodiment", "example", "specific example", or "some examples", etc. Particular features, structures, materials or features described in the examples are included in at least one embodiment or example of the invention. In the present specification, the schematic representation of the above terms does not necessarily mean the same embodiment or example. Furthermore, the particular features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in a suitable manner in any one or more embodiments or examples.

Although embodiments of the invention have been shown and described, it will be understood by one of ordinary skill in the art The various modifications, changes, substitutions and variations of the embodiments may be made without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention.

Claims

A medical cannula, comprising: a body (20);

At least two first flow paths (40) are disposed in the body (20), and each of the first flow paths (40) is independent of each other;

The outlet of each of the first flow paths (40) is located at a different position in the longitudinal direction of the body (20).
The medical cannula according to claim 1, wherein a barrier body (30) is disposed outside the body (20) between the outlets of the adjacent two of the first flow paths (40), the barrier The body (30) is adapted to cooperate with the inner wall of the blood vessel for accommodating the medical cannula to prevent mixing of the liquid flowing out of the outlets of the two adjacent first flow paths (40).
The medical cannula according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the inlets of the respective first flow paths (40) are located at the same end in the longitudinal direction of the body (20), and each of the first flow paths ( The outlets of 40) are located at different locations along the length of the body (20).
The medical cannula according to claim 1 or 2, wherein each of the first flow paths (40) has an inner diameter dimension that is different such that blood flow rates of the first flow paths (40) are different.
The medical cannula according to claim 2, wherein the barrier body (30) comprises a capsule body, the edge of the capsule body is sealed with an outer wall of the body (20), and the body (20) is provided a second flow path (50), an inlet of the second flow path (50) and an inlet of each of the first flow paths (40) are located at the same end of the body (20), and the second flow path (50) The outlet of the conduit is in communication with the cavity between the body (20) and the balloon;

Wherein, fluid can be injected into the cavity between the body (20) and the capsule through the second flow path (50).
The medical cannula of claim 5 wherein said balloon is constructed of a soft material.
The medical cannula according to claim 5, characterized in that the outer wall of the medical cannula (12) is smooth.
The medical cannula of claim 5 wherein the balloon edge is bonded to the body (20).
The medical cannula according to claim 5, wherein the outer wall of the capsule is integrated with the outer wall of the body (20) when no fluid is injected into the capsule.
The medical cannula according to claim 2, wherein the number of the barrier bodies (30) is at least two, and each of the barrier bodies (30) is spaced along the length direction of the body (20). .
The medical cannula according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the material of the body (20) is selected from the group consisting of polyvinyl chloride, polyethylene, and polycarbonate.
The medical cannula according to claim 2, wherein the number of the barrier bodies (30) is two, and the number of the first flow paths (40) is three: the first sub-flow path (401) a second sub-flow path (402) and a third sub-flow path (403);

An outlet of the second sub-flow path (402) is located at a position where the body (20) is interposed between the two barrier bodies (30), the first sub-flow path (401) and the third The outlets of the sub-flow paths (403) are respectively located at positions of the body (20) on both sides of the two barrier bodies (30).
The medical cannula of claim 12, wherein

The flow rate of the first sub-flow path (401): the flow rate of the second sub-flow path (402): the flow rate of the third sub-flow path (403)=8:25:67 or 4:29:67 Or 0:31:69.
The medical cannula according to claim 1 or 2, wherein a reinforcing wire is provided inside the outer wall of the body (20); and/or at least one outer wall of the first flow path (40) is provided with reinforcement wire.