WO2017217884A1 - Dispositif portatif pour étudier les fonctions visuelles - Google Patents

Dispositif portatif pour étudier les fonctions visuelles Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2017217884A1
WO2017217884A1 PCT/RU2016/000774 RU2016000774W WO2017217884A1 WO 2017217884 A1 WO2017217884 A1 WO 2017217884A1 RU 2016000774 W RU2016000774 W RU 2016000774W WO 2017217884 A1 WO2017217884 A1 WO 2017217884A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
patterns
visual
display
study
gaze
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Application number
PCT/RU2016/000774
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English (en)
Russian (ru)
Inventor
Алексей Павлович ЕРМОЛАЕВ
Григор Левонович ГРИГОРЯН
Алексей Анатольевич АНТОНОВ
Original Assignee
Алексей Павлович ЕРМОЛАЕВ
Григор Левонович ГРИГОРЯН
Алексей Анатольевич АНТОНОВ
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Application filed by Алексей Павлович ЕРМОЛАЕВ, Григор Левонович ГРИГОРЯН, Алексей Анатольевич АНТОНОВ filed Critical Алексей Павлович ЕРМОЛАЕВ
Publication of WO2017217884A1 publication Critical patent/WO2017217884A1/fr

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Classifications

    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B3/00—Apparatus for testing the eyes; Instruments for examining the eyes
    • A61B3/02—Subjective types, i.e. testing apparatus requiring the active assistance of the patient
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B3/00—Apparatus for testing the eyes; Instruments for examining the eyes
    • A61B3/10—Objective types, i.e. instruments for examining the eyes independent of the patients' perceptions or reactions
    • A61B3/113—Objective types, i.e. instruments for examining the eyes independent of the patients' perceptions or reactions for determining or recording eye movement

Definitions

  • the invention relates to ophthalmology and is intended for the study of visual functions in people with ophthalmic, neurological, cognitive and other disorders, which can also be used to conduct various functional studies of the human optic-nervous apparatus.
  • the device allows one to judge the nature of photosensitivity in various parts of the retina, the level of damage to the optic neural pathway and the state of the visual analyzer of the brain, can be used to determine the boundaries of the visual field and identify areas with dysfunction of brightness and contrast sensitivity in the diagnosis of optic nerve pathology, central nervous system and retina.
  • the device is designed to study visual functions (visual fields, performing tasks on cognitive perception of images, study contrast sensitivity, detect color anomalies, study other functional parameters of the human visual-nervous apparatus) and can be used in people with ophthalmological, neurological, cognitive and other disorders, including in people who are not able to hold their gaze at the fixation point for the time necessary for a full study, which can It is a result of:
  • Known devices for determining the boundaries of the field of view with using perimetry in which the presentation of visual patterns is performed by the operator conducting the study.
  • Widely used are instruments that automatically determine the peripheral boundaries of the field of view, identify local areas of its loss, and determine the boundaries of the field of view of color.
  • the automatic perimeters used (Rodenstock, Humphrey, Octopus, Perikom, etc.) are stationary devices that require a special room with a given level of illumination and are large-sized, expensive devices.
  • the patient in the process of research should firmly press his face to the facial stops of the apparatus, fix the gaze of the examined eye at a special fixation point and not break away from it during the entire research process.
  • the computer creates a diagnostic map to assess the state of the visual field.
  • a device for evaluating visual functions with the definition of binocular vision consisting of a monitor for displaying video, and stereo glasses with the possibility of diopter correction.
  • the opening and closing of the glass openings is synchronized with the display of various visual images. Some images become visible to each eye but not visible to others, and some images are displayed in such a way that they appear from the image plane (US5026151, 1991-06-25).
  • the Virtual Reality Helmet for PC
  • the special design of the helmet allows a person to immerse themselves in a virtual environment created by a computer, which he observes through a video screen that completely obscures the view.
  • One of the features of virtual reality is that a person engages both central and peripheral vision.
  • Virtual reality finds application in various fields. Its use began in the form of entertainment technology, but gradually it began to be used in the intellectual, military, and, more recently, in the medical industry. So, virtual reality is used to treat serious physical and psychological problems, as well as for diagnosis, in particular, through the doctor’s perception of three-dimensional information about the patient (tomography, three-dimensional data of x-ray machines, ultrasound, etc.). Virtual reality is also currently used in the treatment of eating disorders (anorexia, bulimia), as VR games for the analgesic effect, in the treatment of phobias, alcohol addiction, in post-traumatic stress disorders, in rehabilitation, in particular, in patients who have had a stroke . In any case, the use of a virtual helmet is of particular benefit to people with disabilities.
  • a portable device for perimetry is known (Patent US 5,737,060, 07/04/98), which consists of virtual reality glasses combined with a computer and equipped with a button for receiving feedback from the patient.
  • This device allowed to conduct research in patients who are not able to sit for a long time with a person pressed to the facial installation of a stationary perimeter.
  • the device is unpretentious in use, easy to transport, does not require a separate room for research. This device is taken as the closest analogue.
  • a significant disadvantage of this device is that when using it it is difficult to conduct research if the patient shifts the gaze from the fixation point when tired or when trying to actively search for presented patterns on the projection screen. In addition, it is completely impossible to conduct studies in patients who lack central objective vision or have involuntary eye movements, which makes the results of the study from moderately distorted to completely unacceptable.
  • the objective of the invention is to develop a device for the study of visual functions based on the helmet of virtual reality in patients unable to concentrate on the fixation point due to lack of central objective vision, in patients unable to stay in a forced position and keep their eyes on the fixation point for the duration of the study visual functions, time.
  • the technical result of the invention is the ability to obtain adequate research results in the absence of stable fixation of the gaze, with involuntary and arbitrary movements of the eyeball; with rapid fatigue of the patient with a loss of concentration at the fixation point.
  • the technical result is achieved through the use of a virtual reality helmet combined with a PC, equipped with an additional oculograph and a device coordinated with it for shifting the coordinate grid of patterns presented for the eye being examined.
  • a portable device for the study of visual functions consists of a virtual reality helmet with a display, a computer for generating a fixation point (including a virtual fixation point), for sequential presentation of visual patterns and fixing the results of the study, an oculograph for monitoring the position of the line of sight and coordinated with it biasing devices coordinate grid of patterns presented for the studied eye, as well as a mechanism that can bias the display for diopter adjustment.
  • the virtual reality helmet contains a display divided into two isolated fields for projecting patterns separately for each eye and additionally separated by an optically opaque partition in such a way that independent tasks can be presented for each of these fields.
  • Various diagnostic light patterns and visual images necessary for the study are presented on the divided display fields.
  • the computer is equipped with software for generating the necessary patterns and visual images based on a given algorithm, as well as a feedback device with which the subject gives signals in response to the patterns seen.
  • the computer is equipped with devices that allow the operator to record, analyze, archive, reproduce and compare the results of the study to create a map of existing visual impairments and to form an idea of the changes that the subject has in the system of visual and cognitive perception and printing of the results.
  • the device is equipped with sound reproducing devices that allow you to block extraneous sounds and reproduce the necessary signals and information.
  • the zone of each eye is equipped with an oculograph that allows you to control the direction of the gaze line of the eye being examined, and when changing it, to track the movements of the eyeball, synchronously coordinate simultaneously shift the coordinate grid of the set of presented diagnostic patterns and visual images projected onto the display plane in such a way that the direction of the gaze and the point of its virtual fixation always remain in the center of this coordinate grid, regardless of the direction of the gaze.
  • Virtual Point Formation fixing in the center of the coordinate grid is carried out before the start of the study, focusing on the feedback from the patient.
  • the computer is equipped with software for reproducing educational and instructing materials for preparing the patient for research, for presenting relaxing screensavers on the display of the virtual reality helmet, which can be started in a planned manner, on the command of the operator or on a signal from the oculograph indicating that the patient is tired.
  • the device is equipped with a mechanism that allows you to change the distance from the top of the cornea to the display, which can be driven by a mechanical rack, using electromagnets, electric motors or other moving mechanisms.
  • FIG. 2 diagram of the mechanism for moving the screen pos. 4 - eye of the studied poses.
  • 5 optical helmet system BP pos. 6 - BP helmet display plane pos. 7 - line of sight of the subject (optical axis) pos.
  • 8 display moving mechanism pos. 9 - range of display movement to adjust the clarity of patient perception
  • FIG. 3 diagram of the oculograph pos.10 - video camera of the oculograph (IT tracker)
  • FIG. 4 the formation of a virtual point of fixation of the gaze pos.1 1 - the finger of the subject, which is focused on his mental gaze pos.12 - the virtual axis of the direction of the gaze at the time of creating the point of virtual fixation of the gaze
  • An oculograph allows you to fix and control the direction of the gaze of the studied eye, focusing on the position of the pupil and on the reflex from the top of the cornea, and when changing the direction of the gaze, to track these movements with high accuracy, constantly sending a signal about the direction of the gaze line to the computer.
  • the set of presented visual patterns is automatically shifted in such a way that the zero axis of the angular coordinate system with the coordinates of the presented patterns is associated with it, moves coordinated with the change in the vector of the gaze direction axis and, accordingly, the position of the virtual gaze fixation point is dynamically changed .
  • the helmet of virtual reality is equipped with a device that allows you to change the position of the display relative to the eyes of the subject, to which the presented diagnostic visual patterns are displayed, which allows patients with refractive errors to achieve a clear vision of the patterns during the study.
  • the correction factor for each individual patient is automatically entered into the system software based on data provided by the oculograph, or it can be entered manually by the operator based on the size of the interpupillary distance measured before the study.
  • the study using a virtual reality helmet is based on the patient's reaction to visual signals generated and presented on the BP helmet screen by the corresponding software of the connected computer.
  • the patient is put on a virtual reality helmet, combined with a computer equipped with appropriate software and a feedback device (button, joystick, etc.) that allows you to record the responses of the subject, as well as devices necessary for entering the results into databases, their storage, analysis and reproduction.
  • a feedback device button, joystick, etc.
  • the program that controls the operation of the BP helmet consists of logical modules: • a module for displaying the image on the screen of the BP helmet, which implements the interaction of the program and the virtual reality helmet connected to the computer;
  • the study is carried out by presenting a diagnostic test, which is a combination of a variety of visual patterns presented to the patient in the sequence determined by the selected diagnostic technique and rigidly attached to the angular coordinate system, the zero axis of which coincides with the direction of the gaze.
  • the gaze fixation point is the intersection point of the zero axis with the plane of the presented patterns, which coincides with the display plane.
  • the device is used as follows.
  • the patient on the display of the BP helmet alternately presented with a variety of diagnostic visual patterns to which the patient must respond.
  • the computer captures and analyzes the received answers, creating the appropriate diagnostic card.
  • the correct permanent fixation of the gaze in the research process without which it cannot be correctly performed, occurs by presenting the corresponding fixation markers, on which the attention of the subject should be constantly focused.
  • the correct permanent fixation of the gaze is achieved by forming a virtual fixation point, which in the present invention is achieved as follows: after the helmet of virtual reality is worn on the head of the subject, adjusted and brought into working condition, and instructed, the patient is invited to raise the index pa pepper his hands in front of you at eye level and mentally fix gaze on the tip of your finger. Despite the fact that the patient being examined at this moment, because of the helmet on his head, cannot see his finger, for people without gross neurological disorders it is not difficult to virtually fix the position of the finger.
  • the patient gives a signal to the device that the mind's eye is concentrated on the tip of the finger.
  • the oculograph in this case, collectively fixes the position of the eye and the line of sight.
  • the patient signal is considered by the device as the start of the study, and the position of the gaze at this moment is fixed by the computer as a virtual fixation point and uses this point in the process of further research as a reference point for the presentation of the remaining diagnostic patterns.
  • the oculograph monitors eye movements and the shift of the line of sight and transmits information to a computer, where the signal is processed and, according to the position of the line of sight, dynamically moves the center of the coordination grid of the set of presented patterns, constantly leaving a point, originally adopted system for the virtual point of fixation of the gaze in the center of the totality of presented patterns on the display.
  • the method allows to effectively examine the field of view in patients who are unable to fix the gaze due to involuntary eye movements, in the absence of a central objective vision that arose due to reasons of various origins, in patients unable to hold the fixation point for a long time due to rapid fatigue, as well as patients with refractive errors.
  • OS- open-angle glaucoma PA dry form of central retinal dystrophy, initial cataract, IOP 15 mm Hg, compensated for hypotensive mode, visual acuity of 0.09, is not corrected with preserved peripheral vision.
  • a virtual point of fixation of the gaze was created as the first stage of the study.
  • the patient was asked to put the index finger of his left hand in front of him at the eye level, and then focus his mental gaze on the tip of the finger.
  • the signal was recorded by a computer and used by software to form a virtual point for fixing the gaze. From this moment, the research on the developed protocol was started.
  • the proposed device has the following advantages:

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  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Heart & Thoracic Surgery (AREA)
  • Molecular Biology (AREA)
  • Biophysics (AREA)
  • Ophthalmology & Optometry (AREA)
  • Biomedical Technology (AREA)
  • Veterinary Medicine (AREA)
  • Medical Informatics (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Surgery (AREA)
  • Animal Behavior & Ethology (AREA)
  • General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Public Health (AREA)
  • Human Computer Interaction (AREA)
  • Eye Examination Apparatus (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention se rapporte au domaine de l'ophtalmologie. Ce dispositif portatif pour étudier les fonctions visuelles comprend un casque de réalité virtuelle avec un affichage, un ordinateur pour générer des points de fixation, pour la présentation successive de motifs et la saisie des résultats de recherche, un appareil d'oculographie pour le contrôle de la position des lignes de vision et, en coordination avec celui-ci, un équipement pour décaler un réseau de coordonnées des motifs présentés à l'œil étudié. L'affichage est divisé en deux champs isolés par une cloison optiquement non transparente. L'ordinateur comprend un logiciel pour générer les motifs nécessaires et des modèles visuels à partir d'un algorithme donné, un dispositif de liaison retour, des dispositifs permettant de saisir, analyser, archiver, reproduire et comparer les résultat de l'étude afin de construire une carte des lésions visuelles existantes et de former une représentation des modifications existantes chez le patient dans le système de perception visuelle et cognitive et une impression des résultats obtenus. Ce dispositif est complété par des équipements de restitution sonore, et un mécanisme permettant de changer la distance depuis le sommet de la cornée jusqu'à l'écran. Le dispositif permet de produire des résultats de recherche adéquats e l'absence d'une fixation stable du regard lors de mouvements non aléatoires et aléatoires du globe oculaire, et lors d'un épuisement rapide du patient avec perte de concentration sur le point de fixation.
PCT/RU2016/000774 2016-06-15 2016-11-14 Dispositif portatif pour étudier les fonctions visuelles WO2017217884A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
RU2016123724 2016-06-15
RU2016123724A RU2634682C1 (ru) 2016-06-15 2016-06-15 Портативное устройство для исследования зрительных функций

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RU2669228C1 (ru) * 2017-09-20 2018-10-09 Галина Александровна Купцова Сферопериметр
RU179414U1 (ru) * 2017-11-03 2018-05-14 Анастасия Дмитриевна Усанова Многофункциональное портативное интерактивное устройство для отслеживания движений и параметров глаз с целью оценки психоэмоционального и физиологического состояния, диагностики различного рода патологий
RU183466U1 (ru) * 2018-03-07 2018-09-24 Алексей Владимирович Непрокин Устройство для видеонистамографии
RU2682932C1 (ru) * 2018-06-26 2019-03-22 Федеральное государственное бюджетное научное учреждение "Научно-исследовательский институт глазных болезней" Способ проведения периметрии у пациентов с отсутствием центрального зрения
CN111429316A (zh) * 2020-03-23 2020-07-17 宁波视科物电科技有限公司 一种基于增强现实眼镜的在线学习专注力检测系统及方法
RU2738070C1 (ru) * 2020-05-13 2020-12-07 Общество С Ограниченной Ответственностью «Тотал Вижен» (Ооо "Тотал Вижен") Устройство определения координат линии взора наблюдателя в режиме реального времени
RU203394U1 (ru) * 2020-12-08 2021-04-02 Федеральное государственное унитарное предприятие «Государственный научно-исследовательский институт авиационных систем» (ФГУП «ГосНИИАС») Установка регистрации глазодвигательной активности стенда прототипирования

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US5726916A (en) * 1996-06-27 1998-03-10 The United States Of America As Represented By The Secretary Of The Army Method and apparatus for determining ocular gaze point of regard and fixation duration
US5737060A (en) * 1996-08-16 1998-04-07 Kasha, Jr.; John R. Visual field perimetry using virtual reality glasses
RU10905U1 (ru) * 1998-11-24 1999-08-16 Летно-исследовательский институт им.М.М.Громова Система обучения операторов для технического обслуживания летательных аппаратов
EP2075035A1 (fr) * 2007-12-24 2009-07-01 Peter Carr Stimulation photique pour les yeux
CN103995355A (zh) * 2014-05-23 2014-08-20 北京理工大学 一种用于头盔显示器的可调节视度的光学系统

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RU105905U1 (ru) * 2010-10-11 2011-06-27 Олег Васильевич Ириков Установка для получения водной дисперсии биогумуса
WO2015166551A1 (fr) * 2014-04-30 2015-11-05 株式会社クリュートメディカルシステムズ Dispositif de mesure de la fonction oculaire

Patent Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US5726916A (en) * 1996-06-27 1998-03-10 The United States Of America As Represented By The Secretary Of The Army Method and apparatus for determining ocular gaze point of regard and fixation duration
US5737060A (en) * 1996-08-16 1998-04-07 Kasha, Jr.; John R. Visual field perimetry using virtual reality glasses
RU10905U1 (ru) * 1998-11-24 1999-08-16 Летно-исследовательский институт им.М.М.Громова Система обучения операторов для технического обслуживания летательных аппаратов
EP2075035A1 (fr) * 2007-12-24 2009-07-01 Peter Carr Stimulation photique pour les yeux
CN103995355A (zh) * 2014-05-23 2014-08-20 北京理工大学 一种用于头盔显示器的可调节视度的光学系统

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