WO2017213530A1 - Procédé de mesure de nappe d'eau et ensemble pour effectuer des mesures de nappe d'eau - Google Patents

Procédé de mesure de nappe d'eau et ensemble pour effectuer des mesures de nappe d'eau Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2017213530A1
WO2017213530A1 PCT/PL2017/050034 PL2017050034W WO2017213530A1 WO 2017213530 A1 WO2017213530 A1 WO 2017213530A1 PL 2017050034 W PL2017050034 W PL 2017050034W WO 2017213530 A1 WO2017213530 A1 WO 2017213530A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
survey
watercrafts
control
set according
waterbody
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/PL2017/050034
Other languages
English (en)
Inventor
Jakub KARPIŃSKI
Andrzej WOŹNICA
Bartosz ŁOZOWSKI
Andrzej PASIERBIŃSKI
Original Assignee
Uniwersytet Śląski W Katowicach
Maximapa Sp. Z O.O.
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Uniwersytet Śląski W Katowicach, Maximapa Sp. Z O.O. filed Critical Uniwersytet Śląski W Katowicach
Publication of WO2017213530A1 publication Critical patent/WO2017213530A1/fr

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Classifications

    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01S—RADIO DIRECTION-FINDING; RADIO NAVIGATION; DETERMINING DISTANCE OR VELOCITY BY USE OF RADIO WAVES; LOCATING OR PRESENCE-DETECTING BY USE OF THE REFLECTION OR RERADIATION OF RADIO WAVES; ANALOGOUS ARRANGEMENTS USING OTHER WAVES
    • G01S15/00—Systems using the reflection or reradiation of acoustic waves, e.g. sonar systems
    • G01S15/88—Sonar systems specially adapted for specific applications
    • G01S15/89—Sonar systems specially adapted for specific applications for mapping or imaging
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01V—GEOPHYSICS; GRAVITATIONAL MEASUREMENTS; DETECTING MASSES OR OBJECTS; TAGS
    • G01V1/00—Seismology; Seismic or acoustic prospecting or detecting
    • G01V1/38—Seismology; Seismic or acoustic prospecting or detecting specially adapted for water-covered areas
    • G01V1/3808—Seismic data acquisition, e.g. survey design

Definitions

  • the object of the invention is a method of waterbody (e.g. lakes, rivers) measurement and a set for conducting waterbody measurements, especially for inland waters measurement, specifically waters of small depth.
  • the method and the set enable surface measurement of different factors, temperature, depth, distribution of organisms over the waterbody.
  • the Polish patent application P.358347 describes a method of rivers and waterbodies measurement.
  • the solution enables precise measurements of cross and longitudinal sections of a river channel as well as its length, and measurements of the bottom and volume of waterbodies.
  • an echosounder is attached to a watercraft, and the active element of the echosounder, a transducer, is submerged in water during the measurement.
  • a GPS receiver with an aerial is placed on the watercraft above the echosounder.
  • the whole set is connected to a recorder, in order to record simultaneously data from the echosounder, such as depth and water temperature, as well as data from the GPS receiver in the form of coordinates of the echosounder position.
  • the GPS receiver establishes the location of measurement points in cooperation with the satellites of the GPS system. Measurements of waterbodies at points established by the GPS receiver are carried out while the watercraft moves from location "A" to location "B".
  • the patent specification US4924448 describes a system and method of mapping the seabed on a single sweep using two watercrafts travelling side-by-side some distance apart on parallel courses. Each watercraft transmits a sonic pulse symmetrically downward about the vertical and transverse to the watercraft's longitudinal axis and processes the backscattered echo for depth. The forward scattered part of the pulse or a second sonic pulse transmitted downward at an angle between the watercrafts toward the other watercraft is received by the other watercraft and is analysed to determine ocean bottom depths of the swath between the watercrafts.
  • the patent specification US4197591 describes a water-submerged device for surveying the surface of the sea bottom.
  • the device consists of a watercraft, towing at least two laterally spaced submarine watercrafts, of which at least one is dirigible.
  • the submarine watercrafts maintain a constant distance above the surface of the surveyed sea bottom.
  • the easiest method of depth measurement is to place a set of single-beam echo sounder on a watercraft and to navigate along predefined measurement transects (measurement lines). Usually the distance between the lines is no more than 40m (IHO Standards for Hydrographic Surveys). This method is time consuming and expensive because of high fuel consumption per surface area unit of the surveyed waterbody.
  • Another method uses a more advanced multi-beam echosounder, which enables the bottom swath measurement the width of which is dependent on the water basin depth (resulting from the geometry of the cone of the ultrasomc signal). Usually it is an area 4 to 6 times larger than the depth. For example, in the system of a multi-beam echosounder, the deeper the water, the wider the range of the survey, the correlation being usually 5-7 times the depth. The advantages of this method become apparent when water depth is >30m. In shallow waters within the width to depth ratio range of 0.5 to 2 the advantageous effect of using a multi-beam system disappears.
  • a water-submerged device for surveying the bottom surface is known.
  • the device consists of a watercraft with horizontal jibs attached to its sides parallel to the water surface. There are arms installed perpendicularly to the jibs, with survey devices attached to the tips of the arms and submerged in water. The area of the survey depends on the length of the jibs pending overboard of the watercraft.
  • the object of the invention is to provide the surveyors with an economic measurement system enabling inexpensive and effective waterbodies measurements under difficult and dangerous environmental conditions, with maximum reduction of the environmental impact of the surveys by minimising fuel consumption and survey duration.
  • the range of the area surveyed is not related to depth. This may be especially important when collecting data on protected areas of high environmental value.
  • the method of waterbody measurement according to the invention is characterised in that at least two parallel survey and control watercrafts tow in between at least one survey watercraft.
  • the number of survey watercrafts is adjusted to the size of the waterbody.
  • the distance between the survey watercrafts is 2m to 30m.
  • the survey watercrafts and/or survey and control watercrafts carry out and log measurements by means of a measuring device and an object positioning system device, particularly the Global Positioning System - GPS.
  • the recorded measurement is transferred to the survey watercraft.
  • the measurement is transferred through a wireless network.
  • the method of waterbody measurement enables gathering data on the depth in extremely shallow and dangerous areas, where only the survey watercrafts are admitted, and not the survey and control watercrafts.
  • the waterbody measuring set according to the invention consists of at least two survey and control watercrafts and at least one small-size survey watercraft in between. Preferably, there are eight survey watercrafts between the survey and control watercrafts.
  • the survey and control watercrafts are connected to each other by means of a cable. The length of the cable can be constant or variable.
  • the survey and control watercrafts are the propulsive units of the set.
  • a positioning system device preferably GPS, which enables determination of the position of the survey and control watercrafts and/or of the survey watercrafts.
  • two boats controlled by humans and driven by combustion engines or by electric motors are used as the survey and control watercrafts.
  • the survey watercrafts are platforms for the measuring devices. Preferably, the number of survey watercrafts is chosen to correspond to the size of the waterbody where the measurement takes place.
  • the survey watercrafts are of small size, low draft and are lightweight. They are attached to the cable at adjustable distances by connecting means, Preferably cords.
  • the survey watercraft carries a measuring device and a positioning system device, especially a GPS device. The measuring device is exchangeable depending on the type and scope of the surveys.
  • the measuring device records the depth of the waterbody synchronised with the geographic position, and water temperature, character of the bed of the waterbody (hard/soft), as well as echograms of the biological content of the waterbody from the surface to the bottom, including underwater vegetation, fish, phytoplankton and zooplankton.
  • the survey watercrafts are small size pneumatic dinghies containing a measuring device and a positioning system device, especially GPS, placed in suitable waterproof cases, Preferably sheaths.
  • the sheaths are zip closed.
  • the elements of the measuring device, especially sensors, are Preferably lowered into the waterbody at the rear of each watercraft.
  • the survey watercrafts are modified so as to enable lowering of the elements of the measuring device into the waterbody through the bottom of the watercraft.
  • the cable forms connection between the survey and control watercrafts and is used to attach at least one survey watercraft.
  • the cable can be either flexible or rigid.
  • the length of the cable may be adjustable.
  • the cable is a Kevlar cord.
  • the distance between the survey watercrafts is from 2 to 30m.
  • means for maintaining the survey watercrafts at a desired distance between them are used.
  • there is a wireless communication system consisting of appropriate modules, between the survey and control watercrafts and the survey watercrafts.
  • communication is provided by a Wi-Fi network, allowing for real time data access and transfer to external databases. The data gathered by the measuring devices are transmitted through the network. It is also possible to use wireless Bluetooth communication over short distances in case of the use of floating drones - as well as other communication frequencies.
  • the set for conducting waterbody measurements enables measurement in hardly accessible areas abounding in underwater obstacles, which can pose a hazard for standard, larger draft watercrafts.
  • Small-size survey watercrafts of minimum draft (not exceeding 15 cm) are able to penetrate very shallow areas, overgrown with aquatic vegetation, that are hardly accessible to other measurement techniques.
  • a set comprising 8 survey watercrafts may cover a swath up to 300m wide. This width, multiplied by the speed of the control watercrafts (6-8km/h) being the propulsive units of the set, enables surveying an area of a size unattainable for other types of devices and measurement methods based on local measurement of physical quantities.
  • the most efficient standard device for waterbody measurement is able to cover a swath 6 to 8 times larger than the depth on which it is operating. Assuming the average operating depth as 3m, a watercraft with this type of echosounder (e.g. multi-beam) has to travel a 9 times longer distance to survey a comparable area. Immense savings are therefore gained, e.g. in fuel consumption, and thereby the natural environment is protected.
  • the elements of the waterbody measuring set are relatively inexpensive, and any damage to any of them does not result in complete stoppage of the data acquisition system (the measurement chain is simply shortened).
  • the complete set may cover a width of up to 300m within adjustable distance (depending on the type of survey and sensors used) between measurement transects.
  • fig. 1 shows the survey and control watercrafts with survey watercrafts attached in between
  • fig. 2 shows the survey watercraft
  • fig. 3 shows the survey and control watercrafts with one survey watercraft attached in between
  • fig. 4 shows the survey and control watercrafts with two survey watercrafts attached in between
  • fig. 5 shows the survey and control watercrafts with three survey watercrafts attached in between
  • fig 6 shows the survey and control watercrafts with four survey watercrafts attached in between.
  • the method of waterbody measurement according to the invention is characterised in that at least two parallel survey and control watercrafts 1 tow in between eight survey watercrafts 2. While moving, the survey watercrafts 2 and the survey and control watercrafts 1 carry out and log the measurement with the use of measuring device 3 and a GPS device 4. The recorded measurement is then transferred to the survey and control watercraft 1. The measurement is transferred through wireless Wi-Fi communication system.
  • the waterbody measuring set consists of two survey and control watercrafts 1 and one small-size survey watercraft 2 in between.
  • the survey and control watercrafts 1 are connected with one another by means of cable 5.
  • the length of cable 5 is constant.
  • the survey and control watercrafts 1 form the propulsive units of the set.
  • the survey and control watercrafts 1 are two engine-driven boats.
  • the survey watercrafts 2 are platforms for the measuring devices 3 and for the GPS device 4.
  • the number of survey watercrafts 2 corresponds to the size of the waterbody where the measurement is taking place.
  • the survey watercrafts are of small size, low draft, and are lightweight.
  • the survey watercrafts 2 are attached to the cable 5 at adjustable distances by connecting cords.
  • the survey watercrafts 2 carry measuring devices 3 and GPS devices 4.
  • the measuring device 3 is exchangeable depending on the type and scope of the surveys.
  • the measuring device 3 records the depth of the waterbody synchronised with the geographic position, and water temperature, character of the bed of the waterbody (hard/soft), as well as echograms spanning the biological content of the waterbody from the surface to the bottom, including aquatic vegetation, fish, phytoplankton and zooplankton.
  • the survey watercrafts are small-size pneumatic dinghies, carrying measuring devices 3 and GPS devices 4, placed in suitable waterproof cases.
  • the elements of the measuring devices 3, especially sensors 6, are lowered into the waterbody at the rear of each survey watercraft 2.
  • the cable 5 forms a connection between the survey and control watercrafts 1 and is used to attach eight survey watercrafts 2.
  • the cable is flexible.
  • the cable is a Kevlar cord.
  • the distance between the survey watercrafts 2 is 3 m.
  • Example II The set differs from that of Example I in that means are used to maintain the survey watercrafts 2 at a distance between them no shorter than desired.
  • Example III The set differs from those of Examples HI in that the survey watercrafts 2 are pneumatic dinghies covered with waterproof textile. Inside of the dinghy 2 there is a cargo compartment 6 for holding a container 7 with measuring devices and GPS device 4.
  • Example IV The set differs from those of Examples I-III in that wireless Bluetooth communication is used over short distances in case of the use of floating driving drones - also other communication frequencies.
  • Example V The set differs from those of Examples ⁇ -IV in that the waterbody measuring set consists of two survey and control watercrafts 1 and two small-size survey watercrafts 2 in between.
  • Example VI The set differs from those of Examples I-V in that the waterbody measuring set consists of two survey and control watercrafts 1 and three small-size survey watercrafts 2 in between.
  • Example VII The set differs from those of Examples I-VI in that the waterbody measuring set consists of two survey and control watercrafts 1 and four small-size survey watercrafts 2 in between.
  • Example VIII The set differs from those of Examples TVII in that the waterbody measuring set consists of two survey and control watercrafts 1 and five small-size survey watercrafts 2 in between.
  • Example IX The set differs from those of Examples I- VIII in that the waterbody measuring set consists of two survey and control watercrafts 1 and six small-size survey watercrafts 2 in between.
  • Example X The set differs from those of Examples I-IX in that the waterbody measuring set consists of two survey and control watercrafts 1 and seven small-size survey watercrafts 2 in between.
  • Example XI The set differs from those of Examples I-X in that the waterbody measuring set consists of two survey and control watercrafts 1 and eight small-size survey watercrafts 2 in between.
  • Example XII The set differs from those of Examples I-XI in that the waterbody measuring device consists of two survey and control watercrafts 1 and nine small-size survey watercrafts 2 in between.
  • Example XIII The set differs from those of Examples I-XII in that the waterbody measuring set consists of two survey and control watercrafts 1 and ten small-size survey watercrafts 2 in between.
  • Example XIV The set differs from those of Examples I-XIII in that the waterbody measuring set consists of two survey and control watercrafts 1 and eleven small-size survey watercrafts 2 in between.
  • Example XV The set differs from those of Examples I-XIV in that the waterbody measuring set consists of two survey and control watercrafts 1 and twelve small-size survey watercrafts 2 in between.
  • Example XVI The set differs from those of Examples I-XV in that the waterbody measuring set consists of two survey and control watercrafts 1 and thirteen small size-survey watercrafts 2 in between.
  • Example XVII The set differs from those of Examples I-XVI in that the waterbody measuring set consists of two survey and control watercrafts 1 and fourteen small-size survey watercrafts 2 in between.
  • Example XVIII The set differs from those of Examples I-XVII in that the waterbody measuring set consists of two survey and control watercrafts 1 and fifteen small-size survey watercrafts 2 in between.

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  • Remote Sensing (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Radar, Positioning & Navigation (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Acoustics & Sound (AREA)
  • Geology (AREA)
  • Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
  • General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Geophysics (AREA)
  • Oceanography (AREA)
  • Computer Networks & Wireless Communication (AREA)
  • Position Fixing By Use Of Radio Waves (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention concerne un procédé de réalisation de mesures de nappe d'eau et un ensemble pour mesures de nappe d'eau, en particulier pour des mesures d'eaux intérieures, spécifiquement des eaux de faible profondeur. Le procédé et le dispositif permettent des mesures de surface de divers facteurs, tels que la température, la profondeur, et la distribution d'organismes sur la nappe d'eau. Dans le procédé de mesure de nappe d'eau, pendant un déplacement, des navires de sondage et de contrôle et des navires de sondage effectuent et enregistrent les mesures au moyen d'un dispositif de mesure, et la mesure enregistrée est ensuite transférée au navire de sondage et de contrôle . Au moins deux navires de sondage et de contrôle parallèles (1) remorquent entre eux au moins un navire de sondage (2) ayant un dispositif de système de localisation, de préférence un dispositif GPS (4), et sont caractérisés en ce que le nombre de navires de sondage (1) correspond à la taille de la nappe d'eau. L'ensemble pour effectuer des mesures de nappe d'eau constitué de navires de sondage et de contrôle et de navires de sondage avec des dispositifs de mesure échangeables comprend au moins deux navires de sondage et de contrôle (1) et au moins un navire de sondage (2) entre eux. Les navires de sondage et de contrôle (1) sont reliés les uns aux autres au moyen d'un câble (5), et les navires de sondage (2) ayant un dispositif de système de localisation, de préférence un dispositif GPS (4), sont reliés au câble (5).
PCT/PL2017/050034 2016-06-06 2017-06-05 Procédé de mesure de nappe d'eau et ensemble pour effectuer des mesures de nappe d'eau WO2017213530A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

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PL417456A PL417456A1 (pl) 2016-06-06 2016-06-06 Sposób pomiaru akwenów i zestaw do pomiaru akwenów
PLP.417456 2016-06-06

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Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP2020076737A (ja) * 2018-09-21 2020-05-21 コリア インスティチュート オブ ゲオサイエンス アンド ミネラル リソーセズ（ケイアイジーエイエム） 自体浮力型弾性波探査モジュールを含む弾性波探査装置及びその方法

Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE954294C (de) * 1952-10-16 1956-12-13 Phil Nat Siegfried Fahrentholz Einrichtung zur Aufzeichnung von Querprofilen nach dem akustischen Echolotverfahren
DE1055251B (de) * 1952-10-16 1959-04-16 Phil Nat Siegfried Fahrentholz Einrichtung zur Aufzeichnung von Querprofilen nach dem akustischen Echolotverfahren
WO1999012055A1 (fr) * 1997-08-28 1999-03-11 Petroleum Geo-Services (Us), Inc. Procede et systeme servant a remorquer des files de recepteurs
GB2491260A (en) * 2011-05-26 2012-11-28 Cggveritas Services Sa Marine seismic spreads with streamers connected to a main cable which takes a catenary shape when towed
US20130208564A1 (en) * 2012-02-15 2013-08-15 Cggveritas Services Sa Catenary source steering gear and method
WO2016055331A1 (fr) * 2014-10-10 2016-04-14 Pgs Geophysical As Remorquage de capteurs par des navires

Patent Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE954294C (de) * 1952-10-16 1956-12-13 Phil Nat Siegfried Fahrentholz Einrichtung zur Aufzeichnung von Querprofilen nach dem akustischen Echolotverfahren
DE1055251B (de) * 1952-10-16 1959-04-16 Phil Nat Siegfried Fahrentholz Einrichtung zur Aufzeichnung von Querprofilen nach dem akustischen Echolotverfahren
WO1999012055A1 (fr) * 1997-08-28 1999-03-11 Petroleum Geo-Services (Us), Inc. Procede et systeme servant a remorquer des files de recepteurs
GB2491260A (en) * 2011-05-26 2012-11-28 Cggveritas Services Sa Marine seismic spreads with streamers connected to a main cable which takes a catenary shape when towed
US20130208564A1 (en) * 2012-02-15 2013-08-15 Cggveritas Services Sa Catenary source steering gear and method
WO2016055331A1 (fr) * 2014-10-10 2016-04-14 Pgs Geophysical As Remorquage de capteurs par des navires

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP2020076737A (ja) * 2018-09-21 2020-05-21 コリア インスティチュート オブ ゲオサイエンス アンド ミネラル リソーセズ（ケイアイジーエイエム） 自体浮力型弾性波探査モジュールを含む弾性波探査装置及びその方法

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