WO2017208980A1

WO2017208980A1 - Nozzle

Info

Publication number: WO2017208980A1
Application number: PCT/JP2017/019629
Authority: WO
Inventors: 陽史小谷; 直弘石尾
Original assignee: 株式会社いけうち
Priority date: 2016-06-02
Filing date: 2017-05-25
Publication date: 2017-12-07
Also published as: JP2017213541A; JP6671710B2

Abstract

Provided is a nozzle with an improved atomization function and anticlogging function. The nozzle is provided with a nozzle main body and a closer accommodated in the nozzle main body. The nozzle main body is provided with a spray side wall through which a spray hole passes in the center thereof and an outer peripheral wall, and the closer is accommodated in a space surrounded by inner peripheral surfaces of the spray side wall and the outer peripheral wall of the nozzle main body. The constitution is such that: a large diameter inflow opening for the spray hole in the nozzle main body is provided in the center part of the inflow side inner surface of the spray side wall or in the center part of the spray side end surface of the closer, and an inner peripheral end of an arc shaped circling channel provided at an outer peripheral step part surrounding the large diameter inflow opening is opened to the large diameter inflow opening and the outer peripheral end of the circling channel is opened to a liquid path provided on the outer periphery of the closer, thereby spraying a mist of circling liquid flowing in the circling channel from the spray hole; and an orifice having a width and depth of dimension L1 is provided on the inside end of the circling channel, with dimension L1 being the same as the dimension for the smallest diameter part of the spray hole.

Description

nozzle

発明 The present invention relates to a nozzle, and in particular, is suitably used as a nozzle for spraying nutrient solution in a plant cultivation apparatus.

Fluid injection nozzles are used in various industrial fields, and recently, they are used for spraying nutrient solutions in plant cultivation apparatuses. For example, in Japanese Unexamined Patent Publication No. 2012-115256 (Patent Document 1), the present applicant provides the nozzle 100 shown in FIG.

In the nozzle 100, a ceramic nozzle chip 110 is molded and fixed on the inner surface of the injection side wall 102 of a cylindrical nozzle body 101 to be injection molded. In the nozzle body 101, one end of a cylindrical peripheral wall 103 is closed with an injection side wall 102, a conical recess 104 is provided at the center of the injection side wall 102, and an opening 105 is provided on the bottom surface of the recess 104. The opening 105 is closed at the ejection side end surface 111 of the nozzle tip 110, and an ejection hole 112 provided at the center of the ejection side end surface 111 is provided. The nozzle tip 110 is provided with turning grooves 115 that are curved in an arc shape from the injection hole 112 toward the other end surface 113 at intervals of 90 degrees, and the liquid flows into the injection hole 112 while turning the liquid through the turning grooves 115. The water is sprayed from the injection hole 112 as a swirling flow.

In a nozzle used for spraying a nutrient solution in a plant cultivation apparatus, atomization is required because the nutrient solution is sprayed as a fine mist, and it is also required that clogging does not occur due to foreign matters contained in the nutrient solution. In order to prevent clogging, instead of providing the nozzle itself with a clogging prevention function, a strainer is attached to the nozzle to prevent foreign matter from flowing into the nozzle.

JP 2012-115256 A

In the nozzle 100 disclosed in Patent Document 1, since the nozzle tip 110 made of ceramic is molded during the injection molding of the nozzle body 101, the injection hole 112 provided in the nozzle tip 110 is clogged. In this case, there is a problem that the nozzle tip cannot be easily detached from the nozzle body 101 and cannot be easily re-loaded into the nozzle body 101 after removing the clogging. When used for nutrient solution injection in a plant cultivation apparatus, since a large number of nozzles are installed in a large plant cultivation room, it is preferable that the nozzle itself has a function of preventing clogging and the nozzle is maintenance-free.

However, the size of the nozzle injection hole is determined by the spray flow rate and cannot be changed. Therefore, a strainer having an opening (hole) smaller than the size of the injection hole is usually used, and foreign matter that clogs the injection hole is captured by the strainer to prevent inflow into the nozzle.
Also, if the number of swiveling grooves is increased to 3 to 4 to increase the turning force, it is necessary to narrow the groove dimensions of each swiveling groove, and the turning grooves are clogged by foreign matter that has passed through the strainer. . On the other hand, if the number of swirling grooves is reduced to one to reduce clogging of swirling grooves and the groove dimensions are widened, swirling flow is weakened and droplets are not easily atomized. As described above, it is difficult to make the nozzle atomization function and the clogging prevention function compatible and reduce / prevent the nozzle clogging and make it maintenance-free.
Further, when a ceramic nozzle tip is used like the nozzle of Patent Document 1, there is a problem that the cost is increased.

The present invention has been made in view of the above problems, and an object of the present invention is to provide an inexpensive nozzle that achieves both the atomization function and the clogging prevention function.

In order to solve the above problems, the present invention provides:
A nozzle body and a closer housed in the nozzle body;
The nozzle body includes an injection side wall and an outer peripheral wall through which an injection hole penetrates in the center, and the closer is accommodated in a space surrounded by the injection side wall and the outer peripheral wall of the nozzle body,
The large-diameter inlet of the injection hole of the nozzle body is positioned at the central portion of the inflow side inner surface of the injection side wall or the central portion of the injection-side end surface of the closer, and is formed in an arcuate shape provided on the outer peripheral step portion surrounding the large-diameter inlet. An inner peripheral end of the swirling groove opens to the large-diameter inlet, and an outer peripheral end of the swirling groove is opened to a liquid passage provided on the outer periphery of the closer, and the swirling flow flowing through the swirling groove is sprayed from the injection hole. In addition, an orifice having a width and a depth of dimension L1 is provided at the inner end of the swivel groove, and the dimension L1 is equal to the dimension of the minimum diameter portion of the injection hole. Provides nozzles.

In the nozzle of the present invention, the width dimension and depth dimension L1 of the orifice provided in the swivel groove are equal to the minimum diameter dimension of the injection hole. In this case, the foreign matter smaller than the dimension L1 passing through the strainer is discharged from the injection hole together with the nutrient solution spray without being clogged by the orifice of the swivel groove. . The number of swirling grooves is not limited, but a plurality is preferable from the viewpoint of enhancing the atomization function.

In the nozzle of the present invention,
The swivel grooves provided in the nozzle body or the closer are composed of a pair spaced apart by 180 degrees, and the swivel grooves are gradually narrowed from the outer peripheral end toward the inner peripheral end and are U-shaped in cross section and the bottom is rounded. It is preferable that a liquid passage that is shaped and communicates with the outer periphery of the swivel groove is provided on the outer peripheral surface of the closer or the inner peripheral surface of the nozzle body.

The nozzle body and the closer are preferably made of a resin such as a fluororesin.

As described above, when the nozzle body and the closer are made of resin, preferably a molded product of fluororesin, the nozzle can be manufactured at a lower cost than when a ceramic closer is used, and the cost can be greatly reduced. And when it is made of a fluororesin, since it is excellent in smoothness, foreign matter is less likely to adhere, and this is preferable from the viewpoint of preventing clogging.
Furthermore, when two swirling grooves are provided at an interval of 180 degrees, liquids flowing from the swirling grooves into the injection holes can collide with each other to promote atomization. Furthermore, if there is a corner at the bottom of each swirling groove, foreign matter in the sprayed nutrient solution will deposit and accumulate, and clogging is likely to occur. However, if the bottom of the swirling groove is rounded, the accumulation of foreign matter in the swirling groove will occur. Can be prevented.

Specifically, the nozzle of the present invention comprises the nozzle body and a closer fixed in the nozzle body, and an outer peripheral step portion surrounding the large-diameter inlet on the inflow side inner surface of the injection side wall of the nozzle body. And the swivel groove is provided, and the closer has an injection-side end surface formed of a flat surface pressed against the outer peripheral step portion of the nozzle body, and the outer peripheral surface of the closer is an inner peripheral surface of the outer peripheral wall of the nozzle body. It is preferable to be pressed against.

Since the nozzle is composed of two parts, preferably a nozzle body of a resin molded product made of fluororesin and a closer, the nozzle can be simplified and miniaturized, and the manufacturing cost of the nozzle can be greatly reduced. .
In addition, a closer is press-fitted and fixed in the nozzle body, and the injection side end surface, which is a flat surface of the closer, is pressed against the outer peripheral step portion of the nozzle body, and the outer peripheral surface of the closer is an inner wall of the nozzle body. Pressed against the circumferential surface. Thus, since the closer is fixed inside the nozzle body without using a biasing means such as a spring, the structure of the nozzle can be further simplified, and the size and cost of the nozzle can be reduced.

Specifically, the nozzle of the present invention includes:
A casing that fits around the nozzle body and a spring that presses the closer toward the nozzle body;
A central recess on the injection side end face of the closer may be a large-diameter inlet of the injection hole, and the turning groove may be provided in the outer peripheral step on the closer side surrounding the large-diameter inlet.

The nozzle with the casing and spring increases the number of parts, but it is easy to disassemble the closer from the nozzle body, and it is easy to disassemble and maintain when clogging occurs in the swivel groove provided on the closing side of the closer. Can be done.

In any of the above nozzles, the injection hole provided in the nozzle body has a minimum diameter portion of the dimension L1 on the injection side, and the minimum diameter portion is continuously connected to the conical diameter expansion portion on the inflow end side. The diameter portion is continuous with the large-diameter straight passage, and the inflow end of the large-diameter straight passage is a large-diameter inlet.

It is preferable that the spray pressure is 1 to 6 MPa, the particle diameter of water droplets to be sprayed is 100 μm or less, and the average particle diameter is 10 to 30 μm.
In the nozzle of the present invention, by increasing the liquid pressure at the orifice of the swirling groove, even if the supplied liquid pressure is 1 to 6 MPa, preferably 1 to 2 MPa, the particle diameter of the sprayed liquid is 100 μm or less and the average particle diameter is Can be 10-30 μm.

A strainer for supplying a liquid to an inlet of a liquid passage between the inner surface of the outer peripheral wall of the nozzle body and the outer peripheral surface of the closer; the strainer is a cylindrical shape made of a porous material and is a three-dimensional continuous void. The strainer has a porosity of 40 to 80%, and the strainer is attached to the inside of the liquid supply pipe so that the closed end side protrudes, and the outer peripheral surface of the protruding portion to the liquid supply pipe is provided with a plurality of arc portions. It is preferable to have a continuous petal shape.
The average diameter of the holes of the strainer is made smaller than the minimum diameter portion of the nozzle injection hole and the orifice L1 of the swivel groove, and foreign matter that becomes clogged at the injection hole and the orifice is captured when passing through the strainer and flows into the nozzle. I try not to let you.

As described above, when the strainer is assembled on the inflow side of the nozzle and foreign matter in the liquid is captured and removed by the strainer before flowing into the swirling groove and the injection hole of the nozzle, the orifice of the swirling groove that makes the injection pressure high. And it can prevent reliably that the injection hole of a nozzle body is clogged with a foreign material.

When the particle diameter of droplets to be sprayed is 100 μm or less and the average particle diameter is 10 to 30 μm, the nozzle can be mounted in a plant cultivation apparatus at a pitch of 100 to 1000 mm, for example, and used as a nourishing liquid spray nozzle.

The present invention provides a plant cultivation apparatus in which the nozzle is used for spraying a nutrient solution.
That is, it comprises an elongate hollow cultivation box in which the root part of the cultivated plant hangs down, a nutrient solution supply pipe is attached along the inner wall of the cultivation box in the length direction, and the nutrient solution supply pipe is fed with a necessary interval. There is provided a plant cultivation apparatus characterized in that the nozzle for spraying one fluid made of a liquid is attached.

In the nozzle of the present invention, since the nozzle body and the closer are made of a resin molded product, the manufacturing cost of the nozzle can be greatly reduced, and the unit price of the nozzle can be reduced. Therefore, it becomes a suitable thing as a nutrient solution spray nozzle for plant cultivation which needs to arrange a nozzle in large quantities.

Furthermore, in the present invention, a check valve may be attached to a nozzle provided with the nozzle body and the closer. That is, a valve seat is provided in a liquid passage communicating with a space in which the closer of the nozzle body is accommodated, a water stop valve for opening and closing the valve seat is accommodated in the space, and the water stop valve and the closer A spring may be interposed therebetween, and the closer may be urged toward the injection side wall of the nozzle body and the water stop valve may be urged toward the valve seat.

Furthermore, the strainer may be attached to the nozzle provided with the check valve, and the liquid may flow from the strainer to a liquid inlet that is opened and closed by the stop valve.

The water stop valve used in the check valve includes an inflow side first seal portion and an outflow side second seal portion between the valve seat portion, and the first seal portion includes a peripheral edge of the opening of the liquid passage. The second seal portion is provided between the outer peripheral surface of the water stop valve and the outer peripheral side inner surface of the valve seat portion, and the first seal portion is opened when liquid flows in. It is preferable to provide a two-stage opening / closing mechanism that opens the second seal portion after the opening and closes the second seal after the first seal portion is closed at the time of water stoppage.

The nozzle provided with the check valve is suitably used for an application that needs to reliably prevent liquid from dropping from the nozzle, for example, suitably used as a nozzle for spraying water for mitigating the heat island phenomenon. .

As described above, the nozzle of the present invention has a structure including a nozzle body of a resin molded product and a closer, so that the manufacturing cost of the nozzle can be reduced. In addition, since the orifice of the swirling groove communicated with the inlet of the injection hole has the same size as the minimum diameter portion of the injection hole, clogging in the swirling groove can be prevented. In addition, the injection pressure that flows into the injection hole at the orifice of the swirling groove can be increased, and atomization can be promoted. In particular, when two swirling grooves are provided with an interval of 180 degrees, liquids can collide with each other and atomization can be promoted. Thus, it is possible to obtain a nozzle that achieves both a nozzle atomization function and a clogging prevention function.

It is sectional drawing of the nozzle of 1st Embodiment of this invention. The nozzle main body of the nozzle of 1st Embodiment is shown, (A) is a left view, (B) is the BB sectional drawing of (A), (C) is the principal part enlarged view of (B), (D ) Is a right side view of an essential part of (C), and (E) is a sectional view taken along line EE of (D). The closer of 1st Embodiment is shown, (A) is sectional drawing, (B) is a right view. The strainer attached to the said nozzle is shown, (A) is sectional drawing, (B) is a right view, (C) is CC sectional view taken on the line of (A). It is drawing which shows the state which attached the nozzle of the said 1st Embodiment to the liquid supply pipe | tube. It is sectional drawing of the nozzle of 2nd Embodiment of this invention. It is a principal part enlarged view of FIG. The nozzle main body of the nozzle of 2nd Embodiment is shown, (A) is sectional drawing, (B) is an expanded sectional view which shows an injection hole. The closer of the nozzle of 2nd Embodiment is shown, (A) is sectional drawing, (B) is the side view seen from the injection side, (C) is CC sectional view taken on the line of (B). It is drawing which shows the state which attached the nozzle of 2nd Embodiment to the liquid supply pipe | tube. It is a perspective view of the plant cultivation apparatus using the nozzle. (A) is a vertical sectional view showing a cultivation box of the plant cultivation apparatus, (B) is a sectional view taken along line BB of (A), (C) is a partial horizontal sectional view, and (D) is a nozzle pipe. It is a schematic plan view shown. The nozzle provided with the check valve of 3rd Embodiment is shown, (A) is sectional drawing, (B) is a principal part enlarged view of (A). (A) to (E) are schematic views showing the opening and closing operation of the check valve. (A) (B) is drawing which shows a prior art example.

Hereinafter, embodiments of the nozzle of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the drawings.
The nozzle 1 with a strainer of 1st Embodiment shown in FIG. 1 thru | or FIG. 5 is used as a nourishing liquid spray nozzle which sprays a nourishing liquid in a plant cultivation apparatus as shown in FIG. 11 and FIG. The nozzle 1 consists of a single fluid nozzle, and a strainer 30 is fitted and fixed to the nozzle body 3 of the nozzle 1 for assembly.

The scissors nozzle 1 consists of two members, a nozzle body 3 and a closer 5, both of which are made of a resin molded product. The resin is made of a polyamide resin such as nylon, a polyolefin resin such as polypropylene or polyethylene, a fluororesin, or the like. In this embodiment, the resin is made of a fluororesin because of its excellent rigidity, strength, and smoothness.

1 and 2, the nozzle body 3 includes an injection side wall 3a and an outer peripheral wall 3b continuous with the outer periphery of the injection side wall, and the other end facing the injection side wall 3a is an opening. The closer 5 is housed and fixed in a space 3c surrounded by the injection side wall 3a of the nozzle body 3 and the inner peripheral surface of the outer peripheral wall 3b, and an injection hole 10 is provided through the center of the injection side wall 3a.

As shown in FIG. 2 (C), the injection hole 10 has a small-diameter portion continuous with the injection port 10a on the injection side, and a small-diameter portion 10b having a diameter (L1) is provided in the small-diameter portion. The conical diameter-enlarged portion 10c having the inflow end side widened is made continuous, the conical diameter-enlarged portion 10c is made continuous with the large-diameter linear passage 10d, and the inflow end of the large-diameter linear passage 10d is the large-diameter inlet 10e. It is said.

On the inflow side inner surface of the injection side wall 3a facing the space 3c of the nozzle body 3, as shown in FIG. 2 (D), a circular outer peripheral step portion 3d surrounding the large-diameter inlet 10e opened at the center is provided, A pair of arc-shaped turning grooves 12 (12A, 12B) are provided in the outer circumferential step portion 3d with an interval of 180 degrees. The inner peripheral ends 12i of the swirling grooves 12 are opened and communicated with the large-diameter inlet 10e with an interval of 180 degrees. And the outer peripheral end 12u of these turning grooves 12 is opened to the liquid inflow part 3e which consists of an annular recessed part surrounding the outer peripheral step part 3d.

The turning groove 12 (12A, 12B) is curved in an arc shape from the outer peripheral end 12u toward the inner peripheral end 12i, and is gradually narrowed. An orifice 12 f having a minimum width is provided on the inner peripheral end side that opens to the injection hole 10. As shown in FIG. 2E, the width 12w of the opening of the orifice 12f is the same as the width L1 of the minimum diameter portion 10b of the injection hole 10. The depth 12h of the orifice 12f is also set to the dimension L1. Thereby, if it is a foreign material smaller than the injection hole 10, it will not be clogged with the orifice 12f of the turning groove 12, and it will be discharged | emitted outside with the spray of the nutrient solution from the injection hole 10. FIG.
Further, the swivel groove 12 has a U-shaped cross section, and the bottom has a rounded shape, and is not provided with an edge on which foreign matter is caught, so that it can be easily removed during maintenance.

A small-diameter portion 3i is provided on the inflow side of the outer peripheral wall 3b of the nozzle body 3 via a step portion 3h, and a screw portion 3m that is screwed to the liquid supply pipe 40 is provided in the small-diameter portion 3i.

The closer 5 has a substantially cylindrical shape as shown in FIGS. 1 and 3, and a liquid inlet 5c is provided at the center of the tip on the inflow side. The closer 5 is fitted and fixed in the space 3 c of the nozzle body 3, and the injection side end surface 5 a formed of a flat surface of the closer 5 is pressed against the outer peripheral step portion 3 d of the nozzle body 3, and the outer peripheral surface 5 g of the closer 5 is The main body 3 is pressed against the inner peripheral surface of the outer peripheral wall 3b.

The injection side end face 5a of the closer 5 is pressed against the outer peripheral step 3d surrounding the large-diameter inlet 10e of the nozzle body, thereby forming a swirl passage having a closed cross section of the

swirl grooves

12A and 12B.
Four arc-shaped depressions 13 are provided on the outer peripheral surface 5g of the closer 5 at an interval of 90 degrees, and a liquid passage 15 is provided between the outer peripheral wall 3b of the nozzle body. The liquid passage 15 communicates with the liquid inflow portion 3 e of the nozzle body 3.

In the outer peripheral wall surrounding the liquid inlet 5 c of the closer 5, a radial liquid passage 5 h that communicates the liquid inlet 5 c with the recess 13 is provided. As a result, the liquid flowing into the liquid inlet 5c of the closer 5 flows into the liquid inflow portion 3e of the nozzle body 3 through the

liquid passages

5h and 15, and flows into the injection hole 10 through the swirling groove 12 as a swirling flow. It is made to be injected into.

As described above, the strainer 30 is assembled to the nozzle 1 assembled by fixing the closer 5 to the nozzle body 3 and fixed to the inflow side of the nozzle body 3.

As shown in FIG. 4C, the strainer 30 is made of a resin material provided with three-dimensionally continuous holes 35 and has a porosity of 40 to 80%.
The dimension L1 of the minimum diameter portion 10b of the injection hole 10 and the orifice 12f of the swivel groove 12 is larger than the average diameter of the holes 35 of the strainer 30, and foreign matter clogged by the nozzle orifice 12f and the injection hole 10 is preliminarily stored in the strainer 30. It can be captured.
The strainer 30 includes a front portion 30a that is fitted and fixed to the inflow side of the outer peripheral wall 3b of the nozzle body 3, and a rear portion 30b that is continuous with the rear portion of the front portion 30a. From the front end of the front portion 30a to the middle portion of the rear portion 30b. A liquid passage 33 including a central hole is provided. The front end surface of the front portion 30a is pressed against the inflow side end surface of the closer 5, and the liquid passage 33 is opened to the liquid inlet 5c of the closer 5 and flows into the injection hole 10 as described above.

In addition, as shown in FIG. 4B, the outer peripheral surface of the rear portion 30b of the strainer 30 projects the four arc portions 32 into a petal shape to increase the surface area, thereby increasing the amount of liquid absorbed by the strainer 30. The rear portion 30 b provided with the arc portion 32 protrudes into the liquid supply pipe 40 and absorbs the liquid Q flowing through the liquid supply tube 40 from the arc portion 32.

In the nozzle 1 provided with the strainer 30 of the embodiment, as shown in FIG. 5, the screw portion 3m of the outer peripheral wall 3b of the nozzle body 3 is screwed into the screw hole 40b provided in the peripheral wall 40a of the liquid supply pipe 40, A strainer 30 is protruded and attached in the liquid supply pipe 40.

The liquid Q supplied from the liquid supply pipe 40 is introduced through the strainer 30, and foreign matter mixed in the liquid Q is captured by the strainer 30. The liquid passing through the strainer 30 flows into the closer 5 in the nozzle 1 through the central liquid passage 33, and then flows into the swivel groove 12 through the liquid passage 15.

In the process of flowing through the swivel groove 12 (12A, 12B), the flow passage cross-sectional area is gradually reduced toward the orifice 12f, so that the liquid pressure is increased, and the inner peripheral end 12i leads to the large-diameter inlet 10e of the injection hole 10. It flows while turning and is injected while turning through the injection hole 10 of the nozzle body 3 and scattered outside. Since the injection pressure is increased at the orifice 12f of the turning groove 12 and the minimum diameter portion 10b of the injection hole 10, the flying distance of the spray injected to the outside becomes long. And since it distribute | circulates, turning in the injection hole 10 in the state swirled by the turning groove 12, droplets collide and are atomized. Thus, since the atomization function is excellent, the semi-dry fog having a particle diameter of 100 μm or less and an average particle diameter of 10 to 30 μm even when the supplied liquid pressure is 1 to 6 MPa, and in this embodiment, the pressure is 1 to 2 MPa. Can be sprayed. *

Further, if foreign matter is mixed in the liquid Q supplied from the liquid supply pipe 40, first, the foreign matter clogged in the orifice 12f and the injection hole 10 is previously captured by the holes 35 of the strainer 30 when passing through the strainer 30. Therefore, the foreign matter clogged at the orifice 12 f and the minimum diameter portion 10 b of the injection hole 10 does not flow into the nozzle 1. Further, the foreign matter smaller than the minimum diameter portion 10b of the injection hole 10 that has passed through the strainer 30 is discharged from the injection hole 10 as it is without being clogged by the orifice 12f of the turning groove 12. As a result, the function of preventing clogging caused by foreign matter in the injection hole 10 and the orifice 12f is also excellent.

In addition, when the foreign matter mixing rate of the liquid supplied from the liquid supply pipe 40 is extremely low, the nozzle 1 can be used without the strainer 30 attached.

The nozzle 1 of the first embodiment is configured by assembling two parts, a nozzle body 3 and a closer 5 made of a resin molded product, and the manufacturing cost and the assembly cost are greatly reduced because the number of parts is small. be able to.

6 to 10 show the nozzle 1-B of the second embodiment.
The nozzle 1-B is also used as a nutrient solution spray nozzle for spraying a nutrient solution in the plant cultivation apparatus shown in FIGS.
The nozzle 1-B is composed of a single fluid nozzle, and a strainer 30 is screwed into the nozzle body 3-B.

The strainer-equipped nozzle 1-B includes a nozzle body 3-B, a closer 5-B, a casing 2 that fits outside the nozzle body 3-B, a spring 4 that urges the closer 5-B toward the nozzle body 3-B, and The strainer 30 is assembled from a strainer holder 31 that connects the strainer 30 to the casing 2. The nozzle body 3-B and the closer 5-B are made of a fluororesin molded product as in the first embodiment, and the casing 2 is made of metal.

The eaves casing 2 has one end of a cylindrical peripheral wall 2a closed by an injection side wall 2b, and a large-diameter opening 2d is provided at the center thereof. The front part of the strainer holder 31 is screwed into the opening 2e at the other end of the peripheral wall 2a. Hereinafter, the injection side is referred to as a front portion, and the opposite liquid inflow side is referred to as a rear portion.

The nozzle body 3 -B is inserted into the internal space surrounded by the peripheral wall 2 a and the injection side wall 2 b of the casing 2 through the opening 2 e so that the opening 2 d of the injection side wall 2 b is closed from the inner surface, and then the closer 5 -B, the spring 4 is inserted, and the strainer holder 31 is screwed. A spring 4 is stretched between the bottom surface of the recess 31 a at the front end of the strainer holder 31 and the closer 5 -B to press the closer 5 -B and the nozzle body 3 -B in the direction of the injection side wall 2 b of the casing 2. .

7 and 8, the nozzle body 3 -B includes an injection side wall 3 a that is in contact with the inner surface of the injection side wall 2 b of the casing 2 and an outer peripheral wall 3 b that is in close contact with the inner peripheral surface of the peripheral wall 2 a. An injection hole 10 is provided through the center of the injection side wall 3a, and the injection hole 10 is positioned at the center of the opening 2d of the casing 2.

The injection hole 10 has an injection port 10a at the injection side end, a minimum diameter portion 10b continuous with the injection port 10a, and the minimum diameter portion 10b is connected with a conical diameter expansion portion 10c with the inflow end side widened, The conical diameter-expanded portion 10c is continuous with the large-diameter linear passage 10d, and the inflow end of the large-diameter linear passage 10d is a large-diameter inlet 10e. And the liquid inflow part 3e which consists of a cyclic | annular recessed part is provided between the outer peripheral step part 3d and the outer peripheral wall 3b surrounding the large diameter inflow port 10e.

As shown in FIG. 9, the closer 5 -B assembled on the inflow side of the nozzle body 3 -B is provided with a concave portion 5 b having the same shape communicating with the large-diameter inlet 10 e of the injection hole at the center portion of the injection side end surface 5 a. Thus, the recess 5 b becomes a substantially large-diameter inlet of the injection hole 10.
An outer peripheral step portion 5s protruding from the injection side end surface 5a surrounding the concave portion 5b is provided, and a pair of arcuate swiveling grooves 12 shown in FIG. 9B is formed from the outer peripheral end of the outer peripheral step portion 5s to the inner peripheral end concave portion 5b. (12A, 12B) are provided.

The swivel groove 12 provided on the injection side end face of the closer 5 -B has the same shape as the swivel groove 12 provided in the nozzle body 3 of the first embodiment, and the inner peripheral end 12 i is formed on the opposing surface of the recess 5 b serving as a large-diameter inlet. A liquid is formed which is opened and is shallowly recessed in the ejection side end surface 5a, deeply recessed in the outer peripheral step portion 5s with the groove bottom as the same plane, and the outer peripheral end 12u is a space between the outer peripheral wall 3b of the nozzle body 3-B. It opens to the inflow portion 15A.

The pair of turning grooves 12 are curved in an arc shape from the outer peripheral end toward the inner peripheral end, and the groove width is gradually reduced, and the portion in contact with the central recess 5b is an orifice 12f having the minimum width. The cross-sectional shape of the orifice 12f is a U shape shown in FIG. 9C similar to FIG. 2E of the first embodiment, and the width dimension 12w and the depth dimension 12h are the width of the minimum diameter portion 10b of the injection hole 10. It is the same as the dimension L1.

The closer 5-B is provided with a large-diameter outer peripheral surface 5g fitted to the inner peripheral surface of the outer peripheral wall 3b of the nozzle main body 3-B at the rear of the outer peripheral step 5s. As in the first embodiment, four arc-shaped depressions 13 are provided on the outer circumferential surface 5g at equal intervals in the circumferential direction, and the space between the depression 13 and the outer circumferential wall 3b of the nozzle body 3-B is liquid. The passage 15B is communicated with the liquid inflow portion 15A where the outer peripheral end of the turning groove 12 opens.

A step-shaped small-diameter portion 5k is provided at the rear side of the inflow side of the outer peripheral surface 5g, and a space between the small-diameter portion 5k and the outer peripheral wall 3b of the nozzle main body 3-B serves as a liquid passage 15C and communicates with the liquid passage 15B. Yes. In addition, a step surface 5j between the outer peripheral surface 5g and the small diameter portion 5k is used as a receiving surface of the front end of the spring 4.

As described above, the strainer 30 is attached to the nozzle 1-B formed by assembling the casing 2, the nozzle body 3-B, and the closer 5-B as a strainer unit assembled with the strainer holder 31.
The strainer holder 31 has a cylindrical shape, and is provided with the concave portion 31 a that houses the spring 4 in the front portion 31 b that is screwed into the inner peripheral surface of the peripheral wall 2 a of the casing 2. A liquid passage 31c is provided on the bottom surface of the recess 31a along the central axis, and communicates with the central opening of the recess 31e in the rear end opening of the rear portion 31d. A screw 31m is provided on the outer peripheral surface of the rear portion 31d, and is screwed into a screw hole 40b provided in the peripheral wall 40a of the liquid supply pipe 40 shown in FIG.

The strainer 30 is made of the same member as that of the first embodiment, and the front portion 30a is fitted and fixed in the concave portion 31e of the strainer holder 31, and the liquid passage 33 is communicated with the liquid passage 31c. The holes of the strainer 30 are also the same as in the first embodiment, and the strainer 30 can capture foreign substances having a size clogged by the nozzle 1-B with the smallest diameter portion of the injection hole and the orifice of the swivel groove.

In the nozzle 1-B provided with the strainer of the second embodiment, the liquid Q supplied from the liquid supply pipe 40 is introduced through the strainer 30, and the foreign matter mixed in the liquid Q is captured by the strainer 30. The liquid that has passed through the strainer 30 flows through the liquid path 33 at the center, passes through the liquid path 31c of the strainer holder 31 and the recess 31a, and flows into the nozzle 1-B. Within the nozzle 1-B, a liquid passage 15C between the outer periphery of the small diameter portion 5k of the closer 5-B and the nozzle body 3-B, a liquid passage 15B between the recess 13 and the nozzle body 3-B, and the swivel groove 12 Flows into the swivel groove 12 through the liquid inflow portion 15A between the outer peripheral end 12u of the nozzle and the nozzle body 3-B.

In the process of flowing through the swivel groove 12 (12A, 12B), the flow passage cross-sectional area gradually decreases toward the orifice 12f, so that the liquid pressure is increased and swiveling from the inner peripheral end 12i into the central recess 5b. It flows in and is jetted while turning through the jet hole 10 of the nozzle body 3-B and scattered outside. The injection pressure is increased at the orifice 12f of the turning groove 12 and the minimum diameter portion 10b of the injection hole, and the injection is injected from the injection hole at the required injection angle α. And since it distribute | circulates, turning in the injection hole 10 in the state swirled by the turning groove 12, droplets collide and are atomized. As a result, semi-dry fog having a particle size of 100 μm or less and an average particle size of 10 to 30 μm can be sprayed even when the liquid pressure to be supplied is 1 to 6 MPa, and in this embodiment, a low pressure of 1 to 2 MPa. *

Further, if foreign matter is mixed in the liquid Q supplied from the liquid supply pipe 40, the foreign matter larger than the hole 35 of the strainer 30 is captured when passing through the strainer 30, and the foreign matter is blocked by the minimum diameter portion 10 b of the injection hole 10. Does not flow in and the foreign matter that has passed through the strainer 30 is also discharged from the injection hole 10 as it is without being clogged by the orifice 12f of the swivel groove 12, and it is possible to prevent clogging caused by foreign matter at the injection hole 10 and the orifice 12f.
Since the nozzle body 3-B is inserted into the casing 2 together with the closer 5-B, the nozzle body 3-B and the closer 5-B are taken out from the casing 2, disassembled, and maintenance is performed to remove foreign matter. You can also.

FIG. 11 and FIG. 12 show a case where the strainer-equipped nozzle 1 of the first embodiment is used for spraying nutrient solution in a plant cultivation apparatus.
In the plant cultivation apparatus 50, as shown in FIG. 11, the cultivation box 52 is mounted on the mounting frame 51 in two upper and lower stages. As shown in FIG. 12, the upper surface opening of the cultivation box 52 is closed with a lid material 54, and the inside of the cultivation box 52 is a substantially sealed hollow portion 52 c. The lid member 54 has a heat shield plate fixed to the upper surface of a substrate made of polystyrene foam. A planting hole is provided in the lid member 54 at an interval, and the root part Pr of the cultivated plant P that is float-supported by the lid member 54 hangs down to the upper part of the hollow part 52 c through the planting hole.

A pair of nutrient solution supply pipes 53 are provided along the inner surfaces of both side walls 52w in the lengthwise direction of the cultivation box 52, and only the nutrient solution is directed toward the inside with a certain interval between the nutrient solution supply pipes 53. A nozzle 1 for spraying one fluid is attached. As shown in FIG. 12D, one end in the length direction of the nutrient solution supply pipes 53 on both sides is connected to a pump 55 through a common pipe 53a, and the pump 55 is connected to a nutrient solution tank (not shown). Then, the nutrient solution is sprayed from the nozzle 1 toward the root part Pr of the plant P. At that time, it is preferable to spray the nutrient solution alternately from the nozzles 1 on both sides at predetermined time intervals.

The nozzle 1 controls the discharge pressure of the pump 55 so that the spray pressure of the nutrient solution is 1 MPa to 6 MPa. Since the nutrient solution is sprayed from the injection hole 10 as a swirl flow at the nozzle 1, when the spray pressure increases, the angle at which the spray sprayed as the swirl flow is distributed, that is, the spray angle gradually increases. The spray pressure from the nozzle 1 is within the set range, and the nutrient solution to be sprayed has a particle size of 100 μm or less and an average particle size of 10 to 30 μm.

When a mist containing a fine nutrient solution of 10 μm or less (so-called dry fog) is sprayed from the nozzle into the cultivation box 52, liquid droplets floating in the air are not absorbed by the plant and easily accumulate at the bottom of the cultivation box 52, It is not absorbed by the root part Pr of the plant P and becomes inefficient.
On the other hand, since the nozzle 1 used in the present invention is a so-called semi-dry fog having an average particle size of 10 to 30 μm, it can be absorbed directly into the rhizomes of cultivated plants without waste and ultrafine particles of less than 20 μm. The liquid droplets can be suspended in the air in the cultivation box, and the nutrient solution can be attached to the side opposite to the nozzle injection side or to the ridge portion branched from the rhizome.
In addition, the average particle diameter of fog is measured by the laser method.
Thus, since the average particle size of the entire spray from the nozzle 1 is a semi-dry fog made of fine mist of 10 to 30 μm, it is difficult to fall as a water droplet on the bottom of the cultivation box 52 and nourish the root of the cultivated plant. The liquid absorption rate can be increased and waste of nutrient solution can be eliminated.

As described above, when spraying toward the inside of the cultivation box 52 from the nozzles 1 arranged in a staggered manner on both sides, the entire inside of the cultivation box 52 is filled with the spray almost uniformly and evenly over the entire circumference of the root part of the cultivation plant P. Can absorb nutrient solution. And by spraying toward the root part Pr from the nozzle 1 at a position opposite to the root part Pr of the cultivated plant P, the liquid droplets are directly absorbed into the root part, eliminating the waste of nutrient solution and making more economical farming possible. .

In addition, it replaces with a nutrient solution, the tap water used as a wash water is intermittently supplied to the nozzle 1, and the wash water is supplied when the nutrient solution is not supplied to the nozzle 1. It is preferable to start and stop the supply of the washing water by automatic control using a control device together with the start and stop of spraying.

13 and 14 show a nozzle 1-C with a check valve according to a third embodiment of the present invention.
The nozzle 1-C is assembled with a check valve so that it can be sprayed with the required spray pattern and the required droplets from the start of spraying, and the droplets can be reliably prevented from dropping when the spraying is stopped. . The nozzle 1-C of the third embodiment is similar to the nozzle 1-B shown in FIGS. 6 to 10 of the second embodiment in the same manner as the check valve presented in Japanese Patent No. 5118410. A mechanism is attached.

As shown in FIG. 13, a water stop valve 60 constituting a check valve mechanism is housed on the liquid inflow side of a closer housing space 62 composed of the nozzle body 3-B and the strainer holder 31, and housed on the injection side. The spring 4 is retracted between the closer 5-B and the water stop valve 60. A liquid passage that is provided with an inclined inner peripheral surface 31a2 that decreases in diameter toward the bottom surface 31a1 in the concave portion 31a of the strainer holder 31 on the inflow side of the space 62 that accommodates the water stop valve 60, and that opens at the center of the bottom surface 31a1. 31 c has a small diameter, and the liquid passage 31 c communicates with the liquid passage 33 of the strainer 30.

An arc-shaped valve seat 63 is provided on the opening periphery of the liquid passage 31c. The water stop valve 60 is made of a rubber molded product that is elastically deformed by liquid pressure, has a poppet shape, a small-diameter shaft portion 60c projects from the injection side central portion of the spherical portion 60a via a step portion 60b, and the spring 4 One end is locked.
A first seal portion C <b> 1 in which the distal end side 60 p <b> 1 of the spherical portion 60 a of the water stop valve 60 is in surface contact with the valve seat portion 63 is provided. And the 2nd seal | sticker part C2 in which the largest outer peripheral part 60p2 of this spherical part 60a carries out line contact with the inclination inner peripheral surface 31a2 is provided. And the water stop valve 60 is always providing the non-contact liquid reservoir 66 between the 1st seal | sticker part C1 and the 2nd seal | sticker part C2.

The area S1 of the first pressure receiving surface of the first seal portion C1 of the water stop valve 60 and the area S2 of the second pressure receiving surface of the second seal portion C2 are set to S1: S2 = 1: 2 to 1:10.
Accordingly, as shown in FIG. 14B, even when the first seal portion C1 is elastically deformed and opened, the second seal portion C2 does not move, and when the liquid pressure reaches the required pressure, FIG. As shown in (C), the second seal portion C2 is set to open.

Similarly to FIG. 10, the nozzle 1-C with the check valve is connected to the liquid supply pipe, and the liquid is sprayed from the nozzle. Other configurations are the same as those of the second embodiment, and the same components as those of the nozzle 1-B are denoted by the same reference numerals and description thereof is omitted.
The check valve mechanism including the water stop valve 60 and the valve seat 63 performs an opening / closing operation similar to that described in Japanese Patent No. 5118410.

As described above, the nozzle 1-C of the third embodiment includes the first seal portion C1 on the inflow side and the second seal portion C2 on the outflow side between the water stop valve 60 and the valve seat portion 63. Therefore, as shown in FIG. 14A, when the fluid pressure of the inflowing liquid is applied from the state where the first and second seal portions C1 and C2 are closed, as shown in FIG. The first seal portion C1 is opened, then the second seal portion C2 is opened as shown in (C), the water stop valve 60 is opened through a two-stage opening process, and the liquid flowing into the space 62 is injected into the injection side closer. The liquid is sprayed to the outside through the injection port through 5-B, and the liquid is stored in the liquid reservoir 66. On the other hand, when the liquid supply is shut off, the second seal C2 is closed after the first seal portion C1 is closed, and is closed in two stages.

As described above, in the check valve mechanism, when the valve is opened, first, the first seal portion C1 is opened, but the second seal portion C2 is not opened. In addition, the liquid having the required pressure when the second seal portion C2 is opened can be passed at once. As a result, it is possible to generate a spray having a required particle size in a required spray pattern from the start of spraying from the nozzle 1-C.
On the other hand, when the liquid supply is stopped, the flow path of the second seal portion C2 becomes narrow, and the first seal portion C1 can be closed at a stretch by reducing the counter hydraulic pressure with respect to the spring 4. As a result, it is possible to reduce the occurrence of droplet dropping from the ejection port.

The nozzle of the third embodiment is preferably used as a nozzle for heat island countermeasures, etc., but may be used for spraying nutrient solution of a plant cultivation apparatus.

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1,1-B, 1-C Nozzle 2 Casing 3, 3-B Nozzle body 4 Spring 5, 5-B Closer 10 Injection hole 10b Minimum diameter part 12 Turning groove 12f Orifice 30 Strainer 31 Strainer holder 50 Plant cultivation device 52 Cultivation Box 60 Water stop valve 63 Valve seat
P Cultivated plant Pr Root Q Liquid (Nutrient solution)

Claims

A nozzle body and a closer housed in the nozzle body;
The nozzle body includes an injection side wall and an outer peripheral wall through which an injection hole penetrates in the center, and the closer is accommodated in a space surrounded by the injection side wall and the outer peripheral wall of the nozzle body,
A large-diameter inlet of the injection hole of the nozzle body is provided at a central portion of the inflow-side inner surface of the injection side wall or a central portion of the injection-side end surface of the closer, and has an arcuate shape provided at an outer peripheral step portion surrounding the large-diameter inlet. An inner peripheral end of the swirling groove opens to the large-diameter inlet, and an outer peripheral end of the swirling groove is opened to a liquid passage provided on the outer periphery of the closer, and the swirling flow flowing through the swirling groove is sprayed from the injection hole. In addition, an orifice having a width and a depth of dimension L1 is provided at the inner end of the swivel groove, and the dimension L1 is equal to the dimension of the minimum diameter portion of the injection hole. nozzle.
The swivel grooves provided in the nozzle body or the closer are composed of a pair spaced apart by 180 degrees. The swivel grooves are gradually narrowed from the outer peripheral end toward the inner peripheral end, and have a U-shaped cross section and the bottom is rounded. The nozzle according to claim 1, wherein the nozzle has a shape and a liquid passage communicating with the outer periphery of the swivel groove is provided on the outer peripheral surface of the closer or the inner peripheral surface of the nozzle body.
The nozzle according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the nozzle body and the closer are made of a resin such as a fluororesin.
The nozzle body and a closer fixed in the nozzle body,
An outer peripheral step portion surrounding the large-diameter inlet and the turning groove are provided on the inflow side inner surface of the injection side wall of the nozzle body,
The closing side of the closer, which is a flat surface, is pressed against the outer peripheral step of the nozzle body, and the outer peripheral surface of the closer is pressed against the inner peripheral surface of the outer peripheral wall of the nozzle body. The nozzle according to claim 3.
A casing that fits around the nozzle body and a spring that presses the closer toward the nozzle body;
The center recess of the injection side surface of the closer is used as a large-diameter inlet of the injection hole, and the swivel groove is provided in the outer peripheral step portion on the closer side surrounding the large-diameter inlet. The nozzle according to claim 1.
The nozzle according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein the spray pressure is 1 to 6 MPa, the particle diameter of water droplets to be sprayed is 100 µm or less, and the average particle diameter is 10 to 30 µm.
A strainer for supplying a liquid to an inlet of a liquid passage between the inner surface of the outer peripheral wall of the nozzle body and the outer peripheral surface of the closer; the strainer is a cylindrical shape made of a porous material and is a three-dimensional continuous void. The strainer has a porosity of 40 to 80%, and the strainer is attached to the inside of the liquid supply pipe so that the closed end side protrudes, and the outer peripheral surface of the protruding portion to the liquid supply pipe is provided with a plurality of arc portions. The nozzle according to any one of claims 1 to 6, wherein the nozzles have a continuous petal shape.
It is provided with an elongated hollow cultivation box in which the root of the cultivated plant hangs down, and a nutrient solution supply pipe is attached along the inner wall of the lengthwise side wall of the cultivation box. A plant cultivation apparatus to which the nozzle according to any one of claims 1 to 7 is sprayed.
A valve seat is provided at the opening of the liquid passage communicating with the space in which the closer of the nozzle body is accommodated, and a water stop valve that opens and closes the valve seat is accommodated in the space, and the water stop valve, the closer, A spring is interposed between the two, and the spring urges the closer toward the injection side wall of the nozzle body and urges the water stop valve toward the valve seat. The nozzle according to any one of 8.
The water stop valve includes a first seal portion on the inflow side and a second seal portion on the outflow side between the valve seat portion, and the first seal portion includes an opening periphery of a liquid passage and a tip of the water stop valve. The second seal portion is provided between the outer peripheral surface of the water stop valve and the outer peripheral side inner surface of the valve seat portion, and the second seal portion is opened after the first seal portion is opened at the time of liquid inflow. The nozzle according to claim 9, further comprising: a two-stage opening / closing mechanism that closes the first seal part and then closes the second seal when the water stops.