WO2017206710A1

WO2017206710A1 - Fully-electromagnetic shielding self-guided self-expanding scalp microelectrode

Info

Publication number: WO2017206710A1
Application number: PCT/CN2017/084618
Authority: WO
Inventors: 臧大维; 郑勇
Original assignee: 臧大维; 郑勇
Priority date: 2016-05-31
Filing date: 2017-05-17
Publication date: 2017-12-07
Also published as: CN105943035B; CN105943035A

Abstract

A fully-electromagnetic shielding self-guided self-expanding scalp microelectrode, wherein an electrode column (1-1) is encased over an electrode column outer casing (1-5) and a flexible expandable insulating column (1-3), and an upper end of the flexible expandable insulating column (1-3) is connected to and fixed to a lower end of the electrode column outer casing (1-5), and a lower end thereof is connected and fixed to an electrode column head (1-a); the bottom of an electrode wire (1-6) is connected to an upper end of the electrode column (1-1); an expandable flexible conductive film (1-9) covers a lower end surface of the flexible expandable insulating column (1-3), and said expandable flexible conductive film (1-9) and the electrode column head (1-a) are connected and mutually conductive. The electrode head may expand by itself, thus increasing an effective contact area between an electrode and a scalp, and the electrode column (1-1) is covered on the outside with a graphene coating layer and employs a fully-electromagnetic shielding design, which enhances the strength of a collected electrical signal and reduces loss during a transmission process, thereby ensuring the strength and accuracy of the collected signal.

Description

Fully electromagnetic shielding self-guided self-expanding scalp microelectrode

Technical field

The invention belongs to the technical field of human brain cortical nerve electrical signal detection, in particular to an all-electromagnetic shielding self-guided self-expanding scalp microelectrode.

Background technique

At present, the diagnosis of certain diseases still depends on EEG examination, but the accuracy and sensitivity of EEG are affected by signal attenuation caused by electrode materials, attenuation during electrical signal transmission, external environmental electromagnetic interference, information analysis. Means and other factors restrict the loss of details of the acquired EEG signals, accuracy and real-time performance; and the placement and wiring of the scalp electrodes in EEG examination is extremely cumbersome, and the scalp electrodes are easily affected by hair, scalp grease, dirt, etc. And affect the accuracy. At present, the more advanced magnetoencephalography examination can detect the extremely weak brain magnetic wave of the brain, but it is still not popular because the inspection environment is demanding and the inspection cost is high. In scientific research, human brain computer interface has become a subject of extensive research worldwide, and the key to human brain computer interface technology is how to obtain high-precision, high-sensitivity and real-time EEG signals. At present, conventional methods have not achieved good results. Effects, breakthroughs in the acquisition of human cortical electrical signals are mostly implanted electrodes or microchips in the brain, but these methods are invasive, due to the great risk of human brain surgery, all these methods are still in In the animal experiment stage, it takes a long time to spread to the clinic.

Summary of the invention

The object of the present invention is to make up for the deficiencies of the prior art, and to provide a fully electromagnetic shielding self-guided self-expanding scalp microelectrode with reasonable design, strong anti-interference ability, non-invasive, accurate and real-time.

The technical problem solved by the present invention is achieved by adopting the following technical solutions:

Full electromagnetic shielding self-guided self-expanding scalp microelectrode, comprising electrode column, flexible expandable insulating column, electrode column outer sleeve, electrode wire, insulating tube, expandable flexible conductive film and electromagnetic shielding layer; The tube is telescopically disposed outside the electrode column, and the upper end of the flexible expandable insulating column is fixedly connected to the lower end of the outer sleeve of the electrode column, and the lower end of the insulating column is fixedly connected with the head of the electrode column; the bottom of the electrode line and the electrode column The upper end is connected, and the electrode wire is insulated by the upper end of the outer sleeve of the electrode column. The tube is fixed; the expandable flexible conductive film covers the lower end surface of the flexible expandable insulating pillar, and is connected to the electrode post head and electrically conductive with each other; the upper part of the electromagnetic shielding layer wraps the outer sleeve of the electrode post, and the lower part is flexible. Unfold the upper part of the insulation column.

The electrode column is made of a metal having good electrical conductivity as a main material, and a surface of the electrode column is coated with a graphene coating.

The expandable flexible conductive film is an expandable graphene flexible conductive film.

The flexible expandable insulating column is a flexible expandable insulating rubber column; the insulating tube is an insulating rubber tube.

The electrode wire is wrapped with an insulating layer and an electromagnetic shielding layer.

The head of the electrode column is obtuse and hemispherical, the main body of the electrode column is a cylinder, and a blocking ring is arranged on the main body of the electrode column for limiting the range of movement of the electrode column relative to the outer sleeve of the electrode column and blocking the mounting on the electrode column. A cylindrical coil spring on the body.

The outer sleeve of the electrode column is a barrel-shaped hard insulating plastic tube, and an upper ring, a middle ring and a lower ring are arranged in the outer sleeve of the electrode column, and the upper ring is used for fixing the insulating tube and extracting the electrode line. The ring is used to support the sliding of the electrode column and to limit the cylindrical coil spring, which is used to support the sliding of the electrode column and limit its downward range of motion.

The upper end of the cylindrical coil spring is limited by the middle ring of the outer sleeve of the electrode post, and the lower end of the cylindrical coil spring is limited by the blocking retaining ring on the body of the electrode post.

The advantages and positive effects of the present invention are:

1. The whole invention has a tip-down streamline type, and the electrode head can be self-expanded to increase the effective contact area between the electrode and the scalp, so that the scalp microelectrode descends to the surface of the scalp and smoothly avoids the hair, and the electrode column head is blunt. The round, under a certain pressure above, can penetrate a part of the skin surface of the scalp without puncturing the skin of the scalp, so that the surface of the scalp can be drained or stained, and it is in close contact with the surface of the scalp.

2. The invention is coated with a graphene coating on the outside of the electrode column and adopts an all-electromagnetic shielding design. Since the graphene has excellent electrical conductivity and good affinity to human tissues, the electrode column can greatly enhance the structure. Collect the strength of the electrical signal and reduce the loss during transmission to ensure the strength and accuracy of the collected signal.

3. The invention can form a short matrix array module by dense arrangement, which can more accurately capture the range and changes of the corresponding cortical electrical activity, in order to study the electrophysiological activity of human cortex, early and accurate diagnosis of some neurological system diseases, and The establishment of non-invasive human brain computer interface provides a simple, feasible, accurate and reliable solution with reasonable design, easy operation, strong anti-interference ability, non-invasive, accurate and real-time.

DRAWINGS

Figure 1 is a schematic view of the structure of the present invention;

Figure 2 is a schematic view showing the structure of the present invention after development;

Figure 3 is a three-dimensional schematic view of the present invention;

Figure 4 is a three dimensional perspective view of a scalp microelectrode array module constructed in accordance with the present invention.

detailed description

The embodiments of the present invention are further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings:

An all-electromagnetic shielding self-guided self-expanding scalp microelectrode, as shown in Figures 1 to 3, comprising an electrode column 1-1, a graphene coating on the surface of the electrode post 1-2, a flexible expandable insulating rubber column 1-3, Cylindrical coil spring 1-4, electrode post outer sleeve 1-5, electrode line 1-6, insulating layer and electromagnetic shielding layer 1-7 wrapped outside the electrode wire core, insulating rubber tube 1-8, expandable graphene Flexible conductive film 1-9 and electromagnetic shielding rubber 1-10. The following sections describe each part separately:

Electrode column 1-1: a metal material (for example, metallic silver) having good electrical conductivity is used as a main material, the head 1-a of the electrode column is obtuse and hemispherical, and the main body 1-b of the electrode column is a cylinder, and the main body of the electrode column 1-b is provided with a blocking fixing ring 1-c for limiting the range of movement of the electrode column relative to the outer sleeve of the electrode column and blocking the cylindrical coil spring 1-4; at the lower end of the electrode column body A guide portion 1-d is unfolded between the head of the electrode post and a flexible expandable insulating rubber column.

The surface of the electrode column is coated with graphene 1-2: coated on the surface of the electrode column, and the graphene coating on the surface of the electrode column has good electrical conductivity.

The flexible expandable insulating rubber column 1-3 is gradually thinned from top to bottom, and the upper end of the insulating rubber column is fixedly connected with the lower end of the outer sleeve of the electrode column, and the lower end of the insulating rubber column is fixedly connected with the head of the electrode column.

The cylindrical coil spring 1-4 is mounted in the outer sleeve of the electrode column, the lower end of which is blocked by the fixing ring, and the upper end thereof is defined by the outer sleeve of the electrode column. In order to adapt to the curvature of the scalp surface of the head, the cylindrical snail is used in this embodiment. The rotary spring automatically adjusts the pressure of the head of the electrode column on the surface of the scalp, and restores the shape of the microelectrode of the scalp when the pressure is released, and of course, it can also be realized by means of air pressure or the like.

Electrode column outer sleeve 1-5: is a barrel-shaped hard insulating plastic tube for supporting the electrode column to slide along the longitudinal axis of the outer column of the electrode column, and the lower portion of the outer sleeve of the electrode column is closely connected with the flexible expandable insulating rubber column 1-3 . The outer sleeve of the electrode column is provided with an upper ring 1-e, a middle ring 1-f, and a lower ring 1-g, wherein the upper ring is used for fixing the insulating rubber tube 1-8 and extracting the electrode line, the middle ring It is used to support the sliding of the electrode column and to limit the spring. The lower ring is used to support the sliding of the electrode column and limit the downward movement range thereof. An electrode wire buffer chamber 1-h and a spring compression chamber 1-i are formed in the outer sleeve of the electrode column.

Electrode wire 1-6: a metal material such as silver having excellent conductivity is disposed in the outer sleeve 1-5 of the electrode column, and the bottom thereof is connected to the upper end of the electrode column;

Insulation layer and electromagnetic shielding layer 1-7: wrapped outside the electrode wire core.

Insulating rubber tube 1-8: for fixing and drawing the electrode wire from the upper ring of the outer column 1-5 of the electrode column.

Expandable graphene flexible conductive film 1-9: covered on the lower end surface of the flexible expandable insulating rubber column 1-3, and connected to the head of the electrode column and electrically conductive to each other, and after deployment, the disk-shaped electrode is in close contact with the scalp, increasing The area of contact between the scalp microelectrode and the scalp.

Electromagnetic shielding rubber 1-10: The rubber contains metal particles such as silver, which has good electromagnetic shielding effect, blocking external electromagnetic shielding interference and electromagnetic interference between microelectrodes. The upper part of the electromagnetic shielding rubber 1-10 wraps the outer sleeve of the electrode column, and the lower part is wrapped with the upper part of the flexible expandable insulating rubber column 1-3. When the flexible expandable insulating rubber column 1-3 is deformed and folded, the external electromagnetic interference can be shielded and expandable. The effect of graphene flexible conductive film electrodes.

The whole electromagnetic shielding self-guided self-guided self-expanding scalp microelectrode is arranged in a streamlined shape with a tip-down direction, so that the scalp microelectrode is smoothly avoided during the process of lowering the scalp microelectrode, and the head of the electrode column is obtusely rounded, and can be under a certain pressure above. Deep into the surface of the scalp skin without puncturing the scalp skin, so that the surface of the scalp can be drained or stained, and it is in close contact with the surface of the scalp. Because graphene has excellent electrical conductivity and good affinity to human tissues, it has good affinity. Electrode columns with graphene coatings can greatly enhance the intensity of the collected electrical signals and reduce losses during transmission. When the head of the electrode column reaches and penetrates into the skin of the scalp, the electrode column stops falling. At this time, the outer sleeve of the electrode column continues to descend and moves relative to the electrode column and compresses the spring. At this time, the flexible expandable insulating rubber column is subjected to the outer sleeve of the electrode column. Under Deformation due to pressure, because the wall of the flexible expandable insulating rubber column is gradually thinned from top to bottom, so it starts to deform from the thinnest part at the lower end (the flexible expandable insulating rubber column is deformed to the beginning of the expansion) 1-12 And extending along the guiding direction of the flexible expandable insulating rubber column unfolding guiding portion 1-d outwardly against the surface of the scalp, and folding from the foldable portion 1-11 of the flexible expandable insulating rubber column to form a double-layer disc shape. The upper layer of the disc has an electromagnetic shielding coating, and the lower conductive layer of the disc has a flexible conductive film in close contact with the scalp 1-13 and is electrically connected to the head of the electrode post, as shown in FIG.

In the practical application of the present invention, a plurality of all-electromagnetic shielding self-guided self-expanding scalp microelectrodes may be arranged in a certain matrix to form a full electromagnetic shielding short matrix self-guided self-expanding scalp microelectrode array module, as shown in FIG. , microelectrode array module base portion 2-1, electrode line summary plug 2-2, conductive terminal 2-3 in electrode line summary plug, full electromagnetic shielding self-guided self-expanding scalp microelectrode 2-4 and microelectrode array module The internal part of the base is connected 2-5. among them,

The microelectrode array module base portion 2-1: is a flat cuboid, is made of insulating hard plastic, and has a plurality of cylindrical holes arranged in an array on one side, into which the scalp microelectrodes can be inserted, so that the scalp microelectrodes are formed into a short matrix array. . Electrode wire summary plug 2-2: The electrode line of the corresponding scalp microelectrode is connected through the internal wiring of the microelectrode array module base body, and the scalp microelectrode array module is inserted into the electrode cap modular interface slot, and the electrode cap is modularized. The sockets in the interface slots are plugged in.

Conductor terminal 2-3 in the electrode wire summary plug: mounted on the electrode wire summary plug.

The microelectrode array module base portion is internally connected to the wire 2-5: one end of each wire is connected to the electrode wire drawn by the scalp microelectrode, and the other end is connected to the conductive terminal on the electrode wire summary plug.

The number of microelectrodes and array arrangement in the module can be adjusted according to specific requirements. The number of conductive terminals of the summary plug can also be adjusted according to specific requirements.

The above-mentioned all-electromagnetic shielding short matrix self-guided self-expanding scalp microelectrode array module is mounted on the electrode cap, and the scalp EEG signal is detected and transmitted to and installed by the signal amplifier, the analog-to-digital converter, and the signal data real-time analysis and processing system is installed. On the computer of the software, the collected data is automatically analyzed and processed by the computer in real time.

It is to be understood that the embodiments of the present invention are illustrative and not restrictive, and thus the present invention is not limited to the embodiments described in the specific embodiments. Other embodiments derived from the scheme are also within the scope of the invention.

Claims

An all-electromagnetic shielding self-guided self-expanding scalp microelectrode, comprising: an electrode column, a flexible expandable insulating column, an outer column of an electrode column, an electrode line, an insulating tube, an expandable flexible conductive film and an electromagnetic shielding layer; The outer sleeve of the electrode column is telescopically disposed outside the electrode column, and the upper end of the flexible expandable insulating column is fixedly connected with the lower end of the outer sleeve of the electrode column, and the lower end of the insulating column is fixedly connected with the head of the electrode column; The bottom is connected to the upper end of the electrode column, and the electrode wire is fixed by an insulating tube installed at the upper end of the outer sleeve of the electrode column; the expandable flexible conductive film covers the lower end surface of the flexible expandable insulating column and is connected to the head of the electrode column And electrically conductive to each other; the upper part of the electromagnetic shielding layer wraps the outer sleeve of the electrode column, and the lower part encloses the upper part of the flexible expandable insulating column.
The all-electromagnetic shielding self-guided self-expanding scalp microelectrode according to claim 1, wherein the electrode column is made of a metal having good electrical conductivity as a main material, and the surface of the electrode column is coated with a graphene coating.
The all-electromagnetic shielding self-guided self-expanding scalp microelectrode according to claim 1, wherein the expandable flexible conductive film is an expandable graphene flexible conductive film.
The fully electromagnetic shielding self-guided self-expanding scalp microelectrode according to claim 1, wherein the flexible expandable insulating column is a flexible expandable insulating rubber column; and the insulating tube is an insulating rubber tube.
The all-electromagnetic shielding self-guided self-expanding scalp microelectrode according to claim 1, wherein the electrode wire is wrapped with an insulating layer and an electromagnetic shielding layer.
The all-electromagnetic shielding self-guided self-expanding scalp microelectrode according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein the electrode column head is a blunt hemispherical shape, and the electrode column body is a cylinder body at the electrode. The column main body is provided with a blocking fixing ring for restricting the range of movement of the electrode column relative to the outer sleeve of the electrode column and blocking the cylindrical coil spring mounted on the main body of the electrode column.
The all-electromagnetic shielding self-guided self-expanding scalp microelectrode according to claim 6, wherein the outer sleeve of the electrode column is a barrel-shaped hard insulating plastic tube, and the upper ring and the middle tube are arranged in the outer sleeve of the electrode column. a ring and a lower ring for fixing the insulating tube and extracting an electrode wire for supporting the electrode column to slide and restricting the cylindrical coil spring, the lower ring is for supporting the electrode column to slide and restricting Its range of motion down.
The all-electromagnetic shielding self-guided self-expanding scalp microelectrode according to claim 6, characterized in that The upper end of the cylindrical coil spring is limited by the middle ring of the outer sleeve of the electrode column, and the lower end of the cylindrical coil spring is limited by the blocking fixing ring on the main body of the electrode column.