WO2017202059A1 - 液晶透镜、3d显示面板及它们的控制方法 - Google Patents

液晶透镜、3d显示面板及它们的控制方法 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2017202059A1
WO2017202059A1 PCT/CN2017/073328 CN2017073328W WO2017202059A1 WO 2017202059 A1 WO2017202059 A1 WO 2017202059A1 CN 2017073328 W CN2017073328 W CN 2017073328W WO 2017202059 A1 WO2017202059 A1 WO 2017202059A1
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Prior art keywords
electrode
lens
liquid crystal
viewer
eye
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PCT/CN2017/073328
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
赵文卿
陈小川
王倩
高健
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京东方科技集团股份有限公司
北京京东方光电科技有限公司
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Priority to US15/554,818 priority Critical patent/US10466568B2/en
Publication of WO2017202059A1 publication Critical patent/WO2017202059A1/zh

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    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
    • G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
    • G02F1/29—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the position or the direction of light beams, i.e. deflection
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B27/00—Optical systems or apparatus not provided for by any of the groups G02B1/00 - G02B26/00, G02B30/00
    • G02B27/0093—Optical systems or apparatus not provided for by any of the groups G02B1/00 - G02B26/00, G02B30/00 with means for monitoring data relating to the user, e.g. head-tracking, eye-tracking
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B30/00—Optical systems or apparatus for producing three-dimensional [3D] effects, e.g. stereoscopic images
    • G02B30/20—Optical systems or apparatus for producing three-dimensional [3D] effects, e.g. stereoscopic images by providing first and second parallax images to an observer's left and right eyes
    • G02B30/26—Optical systems or apparatus for producing three-dimensional [3D] effects, e.g. stereoscopic images by providing first and second parallax images to an observer's left and right eyes of the autostereoscopic type
    • G02B30/27—Optical systems or apparatus for producing three-dimensional [3D] effects, e.g. stereoscopic images by providing first and second parallax images to an observer's left and right eyes of the autostereoscopic type involving lenticular arrays
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B30/00—Optical systems or apparatus for producing three-dimensional [3D] effects, e.g. stereoscopic images
    • G02B30/20—Optical systems or apparatus for producing three-dimensional [3D] effects, e.g. stereoscopic images by providing first and second parallax images to an observer's left and right eyes
    • G02B30/26—Optical systems or apparatus for producing three-dimensional [3D] effects, e.g. stereoscopic images by providing first and second parallax images to an observer's left and right eyes of the autostereoscopic type
    • G02B30/27—Optical systems or apparatus for producing three-dimensional [3D] effects, e.g. stereoscopic images by providing first and second parallax images to an observer's left and right eyes of the autostereoscopic type involving lenticular arrays
    • G02B30/28—Optical systems or apparatus for producing three-dimensional [3D] effects, e.g. stereoscopic images by providing first and second parallax images to an observer's left and right eyes of the autostereoscopic type involving lenticular arrays involving active lenticular arrays
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
    • G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
    • G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour 
    • G02F1/13—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour  based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
    • G02F1/133—Constructional arrangements; Operation of liquid crystal cells; Circuit arrangements

Definitions

  • the present disclosure relates to the field of display technologies, and in particular, to a liquid crystal lens, a 3D display panel, and a control method thereof.
  • 3D display technology has mainly realized 3D display by means of stereo glasses. In order to further enhance the viewing comfort and get rid of the restraint of stereo glasses, people continue to try to view 3D images with naked eyes, and this field has quickly become one of the current research hotspots.
  • the naked-eye 3D display is also called autostereoscopic display.
  • the main principle is to use the parallax characteristics of the human eye to display the spatial depth and the image floating outside the screen under the viewer's naked-eye condition (no need to wear helmets, polarizers, etc.). Realistic three-dimensional image.
  • the lenticular lens 3D technology is one of the commonly used naked eye 3D technologies.
  • the biggest advantage of the lenticular lens 3D technology is that its brightness is not affected.
  • the principle of the lenticular lens 3D technology is to provide a liquid crystal lens in front of the liquid crystal display such that the image plane of the liquid crystal display is located on the focal plane of the lens, and the pixels of the image under each lens are divided into left-eye pixels and right-eye pixels.
  • the lens can project the left-eye pixel and the right-eye pixel in different directions such that the left eye of the viewer sees the left-eye pixel and the right eye sees the right-eye pixel, thereby forming a stereoscopic image.
  • Embodiments of the present disclosure provide a liquid crystal lens, a 3D display panel, and a control method thereof, which are capable of changing a position of a lens equivalent unit by adjusting a voltage of an electrode, thereby being capable of improving a crosstalk problem caused when a human eye moves.
  • a liquid crystal lens for a 3D display panel includes a first substrate; a second substrate; a plurality of first electrodes disposed on the first substrate; and a second substrate disposed on the second substrate a second electrode; a liquid crystal layer disposed between the first substrate and the second substrate; and a control unit, wherein the control unit is configured to control voltages of the first electrode and the second electrode, The liquid crystal molecules in the liquid crystal layer are deflected to form a plurality of lens equivalent units, and the control unit is further configured to adjust a voltage of the first electrode to change a position of each of the lens equivalent units.
  • the liquid crystal lens further includes a human eye tracking unit for tracking changes in the position of the viewer's eyes,
  • the control unit is further configured to adjust a voltage of the first electrode according to a change in a position of the viewer's eye such that a position of each lens equivalent unit changes as the position of the viewer's eye changes.
  • control unit is further configured to adjust a quantity of the first electrode corresponding to each of the lens equivalent units by adjusting a voltage of the first electrode to change each of the lenses, etc.
  • the caliber of the unit is further configured to adjust a quantity of the first electrode corresponding to each of the lens equivalent units by adjusting a voltage of the first electrode to change each of the lenses, etc. The caliber of the unit.
  • the first electrode is a strip electrode or a lattice electrode
  • the second electrode is a surface electrode
  • the lens equivalent unit is a lenticular lens equivalent unit.
  • the position of each of the lens equivalent units is defined by 3-20 of the first electrodes.
  • a 3D display panel includes a display module and the liquid crystal lens according to any of the preceding embodiments, wherein the liquid crystal lens is located on a light exiting side of the display module.
  • each lens equivalent unit corresponds to two adjacent rows of pixels in the display module, or each lens equivalent unit corresponds to adjacent two columns of pixels in the display module, such that The image corresponding to the left eye pixel enters the viewer's left eye when displayed, as opposed to the right eye pixel The image should enter the viewer's right eye.
  • a method for controlling a liquid crystal lens comprising:
  • the voltage of the first electrode is adjusted by the control unit to change the position of each of the lens equivalent units.
  • the method further includes:
  • Adjusting the voltage of the first electrode by the control unit includes:
  • the voltage of the first electrode is adjusted by the control unit according to a change in the position of the viewer's eye.
  • the method further includes adjusting, by the control unit, a voltage of the first electrode to adjust a quantity of the first electrode corresponding to each of the lens equivalent units to change each The aperture of the equivalent unit of the lens.
  • a control method for a 3D display panel includes:
  • the method further includes:
  • Adjusting the voltage of the first electrode by the control unit includes:
  • the voltage of the first electrode is adjusted by the control unit according to a change in the position of the viewer's eye.
  • the method further includes adjusting, by the control unit, a voltage of the first electrode to adjust a quantity of the first electrode corresponding to each of the lens equivalent units to change each The aperture of the equivalent unit of the lens.
  • each of the voltages of the first electrode is adjusted by the control unit to change each The position of the lens equivalent unit can adjust the position of the lens equivalent unit in real time when the position of the viewer's eye changes, to prevent crosstalk caused by changes in the viewer's eye position.
  • 1A-1B are schematic diagrams respectively showing optical paths of the signal reception before the movement of the eye 101 and the signal reception error after the movement of the eye 101 (ie, reaching the viewing dead zone);
  • FIG. 1C schematically shows an optical path diagram for improving crosstalk by exchanging the positions of the pixels 1 and 2 in the related art
  • FIG. 2 schematically illustrates a cross-sectional view of an exemplary liquid crystal lens 200 provided by one embodiment of the present disclosure
  • 3A and 3B are views showing a positional relationship between the first electrode 203 and the lens equivalent unit 205 before and after the movement of the eye;
  • 4A and 4B are schematic views showing optical paths before and after movement of a lens equivalent unit
  • 5A-5D schematically illustrate four different shapes of first electrodes
  • Figure 6 is a cross-sectional view schematically showing a liquid crystal lens in which the aperture of the lens equivalent unit is increased;
  • FIG. 7 An exemplary lens equivalent unit, a first electrode and a pixel corresponding relationship are schematically illustrated in FIG. 7;
  • FIG. 8 schematically illustrates a cross-sectional view of an exemplary 3D display panel provided by an embodiment of the present disclosure
  • Fig. 9 is a flow chart schematically showing a control method of a liquid crystal lens.
  • FIG. 1A-1B schematically show optical path diagrams of signal reception before the movement of the eye 101 and signal reception error after the movement of the eye 101 (i.e., reaching the viewing dead zone), respectively.
  • the signal of the left-eye pixel 1 passes through the lens and enters the left eye of the viewer, and the signal of the right-eye pixel 2 (right view ( The Rview) signal enters the viewer's right eye, the image is received correctly, and the viewer can see the correct stereo image.
  • the viewer's eye 101 moves away from the position of FIG. 1A (eg, moves to the right), some of the left eye signals enter the right eye, and some of the right eye signals enter the left eye, thus causing crosstalk.
  • the signal of the left-eye pixel 1 (left view signal) completely enters the right eye of the viewer
  • the signal of the right-eye pixel 2 (right view signal) completely enters the left eye of the viewer. , causing the signal to receive a complete error, that is, reaching the viewing dead zone, so the correct stereo image cannot be seen.
  • FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view schematically showing an exemplary liquid crystal lens 200 according to an embodiment of the present disclosure, which can change the position of a lens equivalent unit by adjusting a voltage of an electrode when used in a 3D display panel, Thereby, the crosstalk problem caused when the human eye moves can be improved.
  • a liquid crystal lens 200 for a 3D display panel includes a first substrate 201; a second substrate 202; a plurality of first electrodes 203 disposed on the first substrate 201; and a second substrate a second electrode 204 on 202; a liquid crystal layer disposed between the first substrate 201 and the second substrate 202, and a control unit 206 directly or indirectly connected to the first electrode 203.
  • the control unit 206 is configured to control the voltages of the first electrode 203 and the second electrode 204 to deflect liquid crystal molecules in the liquid crystal layer to form a plurality of lens equivalent units 205, and also to adjust the voltage of the first electrode 203 to change each The position of the lens equivalent unit 205.
  • the first electrode 203 may be a strip electrode
  • the second electrode 204 may be Surface electrode.
  • the second electrode 204 can be used as a common electrode to which a fixed voltage is applied, and the magnitude of the voltage on each of the first electrodes 203 is controlled by the control unit 206 to be at the first electrode 203 and the second electrode 204.
  • Different electric fields are formed which are capable of driving the deflection of the liquid crystal molecules in the liquid crystal layer to form the lens equivalent unit 205.
  • control unit may adjust the voltage of the first electrode 203 to change the electric field between the first electrode and the second electrode, thereby changing the position of the lens equivalent unit.
  • the liquid crystal lens further includes a human eye tracking unit 207 for tracking changes in the viewer's eye position.
  • the control unit 206 is configured to adjust the voltage of the first electrode 203 according to the change in the position of the viewer's eye tracked by the human eye tracking unit 207, so that the position of each lens equivalent unit 205 follows the viewer. Changes in eye position.
  • each lens equivalent unit 205 corresponds to eight first electrodes, that is, defined by eight first electrodes 201.
  • the first lens equivalent unit is defined by a first electrode numbered 1-8
  • the second lens equivalent unit is defined by a first electrode numbered 9-16.
  • the voltage of the first electrode is adjusted according to the movement of the eyes, and then the first electrode corresponding to each lens equivalent unit 205 is adjusted so that the number is 2-9.
  • the first electrode corresponds to the first lens equivalent unit, and the first electrode numbered 10-17 corresponds to the second lens equivalent unit.
  • each lens equivalent unit may correspond to 3-20 first electrodes, that is, through each pair of 3- The 20 electrodes apply a specific voltage to define each lens equivalent unit.
  • the number of first electrodes used to define each lens equivalent unit is the same, this configuration may The aperture size of each lens equivalent unit is made substantially the same. It can be understood that the more the number of the first electrodes for defining each lens equivalent unit, the finer the position of the lens equivalent unit can be adjusted.
  • each lens equivalent unit is defined by the position of the first electrode corresponding thereto, the position of the first electrode corresponding to each lens equivalent unit is adjusted according to the change in the position of the viewer's eye.
  • the position equivalent to the equivalent unit of the lens changes as the position of the eye of the viewer changes. This configuration can improve the crosstalk phenomenon caused by the movement of the viewer's eyes.
  • each lens equivalent unit corresponds to 8 first electrodes and two pixels (pixel 1 and pixel 2).
  • the light from the pixel 1 is refracted by the lens equivalent unit 203 and enters the left eye of the viewer to form a left eye image, and the light from the pixel 2 passes through the lens equivalent unit.
  • the 203 is refracted and enters the viewer's right eye viewing zone to form a right eye image.
  • the position of the lens equivalent unit 205 also moves with the movement of the eye 101, so that the light from the pixel 1 passes through the lens equivalent unit.
  • the 203 is still able to enter the viewer's left eye viewing zone after refraction to form a left eye image, and the light from the pixel 2 can still enter the viewer's right eye viewing zone after being refracted by the lens equivalent unit 203 to form the right eye.
  • the image therefore, can improve the problem of image crosstalk due to the movement of the viewer's eyes.
  • each lens equivalent unit may also correspond to two adjacent rows of sub-pixels in the display module, wherein the sub-pixels include R, G, B sub-pixels.
  • the first electrode corresponding to each lens equivalent unit may be adjusted in real time on a electrode-by-electrode basis according to changes in the viewer's eye position. Since the width of the first electrode is generally smaller than the width of one pixel, fine adjustment of the position of the lens equivalent unit, that is, less than the adjustment of the pixel level, can be achieved. This adjustment is subtle and less noticeable to the viewer, thus increasing the viewer's viewing comfort.
  • FIG. 1C schematically shows a light path diagram for improving crosstalk by exchanging the positions of the pixels 1 and 2 in the related art.
  • the positions of pixel 1 and pixel 2 are interchanged (Fig. 1C) so that the signal of pixel 1 still enters the viewer's left eye, and the signal of pixel 2 still enters the viewer's right eye. So that you can see the correct image.
  • this method of adjusting pixels can only be adjusted between pixels and pixels, achieving pixel-level adjustment, and can not achieve finer adjustment, which will cause the viewer to have a sudden or flickering feeling, affecting the viewer's viewing comfort. .
  • the first electrode is a strip electrode (as shown in FIG. 5A), but it can be understood that the shape of the first electrode may also be a discontinuous strip shape (as shown in FIG. 5B), a square lattice (FIG. 5C), and a circle.
  • the lens equivalent unit may be a cylindrical lens equivalent unit.
  • control unit 206 is further configured to adjust the number of the first electrodes corresponding to each of the lens equivalent units 205 by adjusting the voltage of the first electrode 203 to change the aperture of each lens equivalent unit 205. .
  • Fig. 6 is a schematic cross-sectional view showing a liquid crystal lens in which the aperture of the lens equivalent unit is increased.
  • the control unit 206 can adjust the voltage of the first electrode 203 such that each lens equivalent unit corresponds to 16 first electrodes, that is, defined by 16 first electrodes 203.
  • the number of first electrodes corresponding to each lens equivalent unit 205 is increased, and thus the aperture of the lens equivalent unit 205 is also correspondingly increased.
  • the display of the mode can also increase the continuous viewing angle of the 3D display device.
  • An exemplary lens equivalent unit, a first electrode and a pixel are schematically shown in FIG. 7. Compared with FIG. 4, the pixel corresponding to each lens equivalent unit in FIG. 7 is increased from 2 columns. Go to 4 columns. Accordingly, the view mode of the 3D display panel is also changed from the 2 view mode to the 4 view mode.
  • the so-called 2-view mode involves taking images from the scene from two angles.
  • the images taken at two angles are as follows: left-eye pixels (pixel 1) and right-eye pixels (pixel 2) as shown in FIG.
  • the order of the two is alternately arranged so that the viewer's left and right eyes respectively have pixels 1
  • the picture corresponding to the pixel 2 is imaged and synthesized into a stereoscopic image in the brain.
  • the so-called 4-view mode involves capturing images from the scene from four angles.
  • the image captured at each angle is interspersed with pixels 1, pixels 2, and pixels 3 below the lens equivalent unit.
  • the position of the pixel 4 is such that two adjacent pixels are imaged as the left eye pixel and the right eye pixel, respectively, in the observer's left and right eyes. Therefore, when the viewer's eyes move slightly or a plurality of people view the screen at different angles, a stereoscopic image synthesized by two images of different angles can be seen, so that the 4-view mode can increase the angle at which continuous viewing can be performed. It is to achieve simultaneous viewing by multiple people. Similarly, multi-view mode involves images taken at multiple angles.
  • FIG. 8 schematically illustrates a cross-sectional view of an exemplary 3D display panel provided by an embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • a 3D display panel includes a display module 300 and a liquid crystal lens 200 described in the foregoing embodiment, and the liquid crystal lens 200 is located on the light exiting side of the display module 300.
  • the liquid crystal lens 200 is configured to cause an image corresponding to the left eye pixel in the display module 300 to enter the left eye of the viewer, and an image corresponding to the right eye pixel to enter the right eye of the viewer. Since the structure, function, and/or advantages of the liquid crystal lens in the present embodiment are the same as those of the liquid crystal lens in the foregoing embodiment, they will not be described in detail herein.
  • each lens equivalent unit 203 corresponds to two rows of pixels in the display module 300, one of which acts as a left eye pixel and the other acts as a right eye pixel.
  • each lens equivalent unit 203 corresponds to two columns of pixels in the display module 300, wherein one column is a left eye pixel and the other column is a right eye pixel.
  • a 2-view mode display can be implemented, in which light from the left-eye pixel passes through the lens equivalent unit and enters the viewer's left eye, from the right eye pixel. The light passes through the lens equivalent unit and enters the viewer's right eye.
  • a control method for the foregoing liquid crystal lens comprising: adjusting a voltage of the first electrode by a control unit to change a position of each lens equivalent unit.
  • Fig. 9 is a flow chart schematically showing a control method of a liquid crystal lens.
  • control method of the 3D liquid crystal lens may include the following steps:
  • S901 detecting, by the human eye tracking unit, a change in a viewer's eye position
  • S902 The voltage of the first electrode is adjusted by the control unit according to the change of the position of the viewer's eyes to change the position of each lens equivalent unit.
  • control method provided by this embodiment is used for the liquid crystal lens described in the foregoing embodiment and shown in FIG. 2, and its structure, function and/or advantages are the same as those of the liquid crystal lens in the foregoing embodiment, This is not detailed.
  • the position of the lens equivalent unit can be adjusted in time, so that the light from the left eye pixel can still enter the viewer after being refracted by the lens equivalent unit.
  • the left eye viewing zone is formed to form a left eye image
  • light from the right eye pixel is still refracted by the lens equivalent unit to still enter the viewer's right eye viewing zone to form a right eye image. Therefore, the problem of image crosstalk due to the movement of the viewer's eyes can be improved.
  • control method of the liquid crystal lens further includes: adjusting a voltage of the first electrode by the control unit to adjust a number of the first electrodes corresponding to each lens equivalent unit to change each lens equivalent unit Caliber.
  • the number of first electrodes corresponding to each lens equivalent unit may be adjusted by adjusting the voltage of the first electrode according to a view mode selected by the viewer, wherein the view mode includes a 2-view mode and a multi-view mode. .
  • the aperture of each lens equivalent unit By controlling the aperture of each lens equivalent unit, a multi-view mode can be realized, and a continuous viewing angle can be increased.
  • a control method for the foregoing 3D display panel comprising: adjusting a voltage of a first electrode by a control unit to change a position of each lens equivalent unit to make a display panel
  • the left eye image corresponding to the left eye pixel enters the left eye of the viewer
  • the right eye image corresponding to the right eye pixel of the display panel enters the right eye of the viewer.
  • control method of the 3D display panel may include the following steps:
  • control method provided by this embodiment is used for the 3D described in the foregoing embodiment and shown in FIG.
  • the structure, function, and/or advantages of the display panel are the same as those of the 3D display panel in the previous embodiment, and will not be described in detail herein.
  • control method of the 3D display panel further includes: adjusting a voltage of the first electrode by the control unit to adjust a number of the first electrodes corresponding to each lens equivalent unit to change each lens equivalent The caliber of the unit.
  • adjusting a voltage of the first electrode by the control unit to adjust a number of the first electrodes corresponding to each lens equivalent unit to change each lens equivalent The caliber of the unit.

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  • Optics & Photonics (AREA)
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Abstract

一种液晶透镜，用于3D显示面板，包括第一基板（201）；第二基板（202）；设置在第一基板（201）上的多个第一电极（203）；设置在第二基板（202）上的第二电极（204）；设置在第一基板（201）和第二基板（202）之间的液晶层；以及控制单元（206），其中，控制单元（206）用于控制第一电极（203）和第二电极（204）的电压以使液晶层中液晶分子偏转以形成多个透镜等效单元（205），控制单元（206）还用于调整第一电极（203）的电压，以改变每个透镜等效单元（205）的位置。还公开了一种3D显示面板及其控制方法。

Description

液晶透镜、3D显示面板及它们的控制方法
相关申请的交叉引用
本申请要求于2016年05月26日递交的中国专利申请第201610356596.8号的优先权和权益，在此全文引用上述中国专利申请公开的内容以作为本申请的一部分。
技术领域
本公开涉及显示技术领域，尤其涉及一种液晶透镜、3D显示面板及它们的控制方法。
背景技术
近年来，随着3D(three dimensional)显示技术的快速发展，3D产品变得越来越流行，3D显示器逐渐走入了大众家庭，大多数人对3D显示也不再感到陌生。过去十几年来3D显示技术主要借助立体眼镜实现3D显示。为了进一步提高观赏舒适感，摆脱立体眼镜的束缚，人们不断的进行裸眼观看3D影像的尝试，而这一领域也迅速成为了当前的研究热点之一。
裸眼3D显示也称自由立体显示，主要原理是利用人眼视差特性，可以在观看者裸视条件(无须佩带头盔、偏光镜等辅助设备)下呈现出具有空间深度和影象悬浮于屏幕外的逼真立体影像。
柱状透镜3D技术是常用的裸眼3D技术之一。柱状透镜3D技术最大的优势便是其亮度不会受到影响。柱状透镜3D技术的原理是在液晶显示屏的前面设置液晶透镜，使液晶显示屏的像平面位于透镜的焦平面上，在每个透镜下面的图像的像素被分成左眼像素和右眼像素，这样透镜就能以不同的方向投影左眼像素和右眼像素，使得观看者的左眼看到左眼像素，右眼看到右眼像素，从而形成立体图像。
发明内容
本公开的实施例提供了一种液晶透镜、3D显示面板及他们的控制方法，能够通过调整电极的电压来改变透镜等效单元的位置，从而能够改善当人眼移动时造成的串扰问题。
在一个实施例中，一种液晶透镜，用于3D显示面板，包括第一基板；第二基板；设置在所述第一基板上的多个第一电极；设置在所述第二基板上的第二电极；设置在所述第一基板和所述第二基板之间的液晶层；以及控制单元，其中，所述控制单元用于控制所述第一电极和所述第二电极的电压，以使所述液晶层中液晶分子偏转以形成多个透镜等效单元，所述控制单元还用于调整所述第一电极的电压，以改变每个所述透镜等效单元的位置。
在一个示例中，所述液晶透镜还包括人眼追踪单元，所述人眼追踪单元用于追踪观看者眼睛位置的变化，
所述控制单元还用于根据所述观看者眼睛位置的变化来调整所述第一电极的电压，以使每个透镜等效单元的位置随着所述观看者眼睛位置的变化而变化。
在一个示例中，所述控制单元进一步用于通过调整所述第一电极的电压来调整对应于每个所述透镜等效单元的所述第一电极的数量，以改变每个所述透镜等效单元的口径。
在一个示例中，所述第一电极为条状电极或点阵状电极，所述第二电极为面电极。
在一个示例中，所述透镜等效单元为柱状透镜等效单元。
在一个示例中，每个所述透镜等效单元的位置由3-20个所述第一电极限定。
在另一个实施例中，一种3D显示面板，包括显示模组和前述任一实施例所述的液晶透镜，其中，所述液晶透镜位于所述显示模组的出光侧。
在一个示例中，每个透镜等效单元对应于所述显示模组中的相邻两行像素，或每个透镜等效单元对应于所述显示模组中的相邻两列像素，以使得在显示时与左眼像素相对应的图像进入观看者的左眼，与右眼像素相对 应的图像进入观看者的右眼。
在又一个实施例中，一种用于前述任一种实施例所述的液晶透镜的控制方法，包括：
通过所述控制单元调整所述第一电极的电压，以改变每个所述透镜等效单元的位置。
在一个示例中，所述方法还包括：
通过人眼追踪单元检测观看者眼睛位置的变化，
通过所述控制单元调整所述第一电极的电压包括：
通过所述控制单元根据所述观看者眼睛位置的变化来调整所述第一电极的电压。
在一个示例中，所述方法还包括：通过所述控制单元调整所述第一电极的电压来调整对应于每个所述透镜等效单元的所述第一电极的数量，以改变每个所述透镜等效单元的口径。
在再一个实施例中，一种用于如前述任一实施例所述的3D显示面板的控制方法，包括：
通过所述控制单元调整所述第一电极的电压，以改变每个所述透镜等效单元的位置，以使与所述显示面板的左眼像素相对应的左眼图像进入观看者的左眼，并且与所述显示面板的右眼像素相对应的右眼图像进入观看者的右眼。
在一个示例中，所述方法还包括：
通过人眼追踪单元检测观看者眼睛位置的变化，
通过所述控制单元调整所述第一电极的电压包括：
通过所述控制单元根据所述观看者眼睛位置的变化来调整所述第一电极的电压。
在一个示例中，所述方法还包括：通过所述控制单元调整所述第一电极的电压来调整对应于每个所述透镜等效单元的所述第一电极的数量，以改变每个所述透镜等效单元的口径。
在本文描述的实施例中，通过控制单元调整第一电极的电压来改变每 个透镜等效单元的位置，可以观看者眼睛位置变化时，可以实时调整透镜等效单元的位置，以防止由于观看者眼睛位置的变化而造成的串扰。
本公开的进一步的方面和范围从本文中提供的描述变得明显。应当理解，本申请的各个方面可以单独或者与一个或多个其他方面组合实施。还应当理解，本文中的描述和特定实施例旨在仅说明的目的并不旨在限制本申请的范围。
附图说明
本文中描述的附图仅用于对所选择的实施例的说明的目的，并不是所有可能的实施方式，并且不旨在限制本申请的范围。
在附图中：
图1A-1B分别示意性示出眼睛101移动前信号接收正确、眼睛101移动后信号接收错误(即达到观看死区)的光路图；
图1C示意性示出一种相关技术中通过将像素1和像素2的位置互换来改善串扰的光路图；
图2示意性示出本公开的一个实施例提供的示例性液晶透镜200的截面图；
图3A和3B示出眼睛移动前后第一电极203与透镜等效单元205的位置关系的示意图；
图4A和4B示意性示出透镜等效单元移动前后的光路示意图；
图5A-5D示意性示出四种不同形状的第一电极；
图6示意性示出透镜等效单元的口径被增大的液晶透镜的截面图；
图7中示意性示出了一种示例性的透镜等效单元、第一电极和像素的对应关系；
图8示意性示出本公开的实施例提供的示例性3D显示面板的截面图；
图9示意性示出一种液晶透镜的控制方法的流程图。
贯穿这些附图的各个视图，相应的参考编号指示相应的部件或特征。
具体实施方式
为使本公开的目的、技术方案和优点更加清楚，现将参照附图更全面地描述示例性的实施例。
在3D显示相关的技术中，发现图像串扰问题是影响3D显示性能的一个重要因素。当观看者在屏幕前面移动双眼时，可能会出现本来应该进入右眼的图像被左眼接收，而本来应该进入左眼的图像被右眼接收，造成信号接收错误，因此无法观看到正确的图像。图1A-1B分别示意性示出眼睛101移动前信号接收正确、眼睛101移动后信号接收错误(即达到观看死区)的光路图。当观看者的眼睛101处于图1A中示出的位置时，左眼像素1的信号(左视图(Lview)信号)经过透镜后进入观看者的左眼，右眼像素2的信号(右视图(Rview)信号)进入观看者的右眼，图像接收正确，观看者能够看到正确的立体图像。当观看者的眼睛101移动而偏离图1A的位置时(例如向右移动)，就会有部分左眼信号进入右眼，部分右眼信号进入左眼，因此产生串扰。当移动到图1B所示的位置时，左眼像素1的信号(左视图信号)完全进入了观看者的右眼，右眼像素2的信号(右视图信号)完全进入了观看者的左眼，导致信号接收完全错误，即到达观看死区，因此不能看到正确的立体图像。
图2示意性示出本公开的一个实施例提供的示例性液晶透镜200的截面图，该示例性液晶透镜200用于3D显示面板时能够通过调整电极的电压来改变透镜等效单元的位置，从而能够改善当人眼移动时造成的串扰问题。
如图2所示，一种液晶透镜200，其用于3D显示面板，包括第一基板201；第二基板202；设置在第一基板201上的多个第一电极203；设置在第二基板202上的第二电极204；设置在第一基板201和第二基板202之间的液晶层，以及与第一电极203直接或间接连接的控制单元206。控制单元206用于控制第一电极203和第二电极204的电压以使液晶层中液晶分子偏转以形成多个透镜等效单元205，并且还用于调整第一电极203的电压，以改变每个透镜等效单元205的位置。
在该实施例中，第一电极203可以为条状电极，第二电极204可以为 面电极。在操作中，可以将第二电极204用作公共电极，其被施加有固定电压，并通过控制单元206控制各个第一电极203上的电压的大小以在第一电极203和第二电极204之间形成不同的电场，该电场能够驱动液晶层中的液晶分子的偏转以形成透镜等效单元205。
在该实施例中，控制单元可以调整第一电极203的电压，以改变第一电极和第二电极之间的电场，从而改变透镜等效单元的位置。通过这种配置，当观看者眼睛位置变化时，可以实时调整透镜等效单元的位置，以防止由于观看者眼睛位置的变化而造成的串扰。
在一个具体实施例中，液晶透镜还包括人眼追踪单元207，用于追踪观看者眼睛位置的变化。在这种情况下，控制单元206用于根据人眼追踪单元207追踪到的观看者眼睛位置的变化来调整第一电极203的电压，以使每个透镜等效单元205的位置随着观看者眼睛位置的变化而变化。
可以理解，控制单元通过调整第一电极的电压的大小来改变每个透镜等效单元的位置，实际上相当于通过改变与每个透镜等效单元相对应的第一电极来改变每个透镜等效单元的位置。图3A和3B示出眼睛移动前后第一电极203与透镜等效单元205的位置关系的示意图。在该示例性的实施例中，如图3A和3B所示，每个透镜等效单元205对应于8个第一电极，即由8个第一电极201限定。具体地，在图3A中，第一透镜等效单元由编号为1-8的第一电极限定，第二透镜等效单元由编号为9-16的第一电极限定。如图3B所示，当观看者的眼睛向右移动后，根据眼睛的移动调整第一电极的电压，进而调整对应于每个透镜等效单元205的第一电极，以使编号为2-9的第一电极对应于第一透镜等效单元，编号为10-17的第一电极对应于第二透镜等效单元。通过这种调整，可以使透镜等效单元的位置随着观看者的眼睛的移动而变化。
需要说明的是，与每个透镜等效单元相对应的第一电极的数量不限于8个，例如，每个透镜等效单元可以对应于3-20个第一电极，即通过对每3-20个电极施加特定的电压来限定每个透镜等效单元。在一个可选的实施例中，用于限定每个透镜等效单元的第一电极的数量相同，这种配置可以 使得每个透镜等效单元的口径大小基本相同。可以理解，用于限定每个透镜等效单元的第一电极的数量越多，越能够精细地调整透镜等效单元的位置。
如上所述，由于每个透镜等效单元的位置通过与其对应的第一电极的位置来限定，因此根据观看者的眼睛位置的变化来调整与每个透镜等效单元对应的第一电极的位置，相当于透镜等效单元的位置随着观看者的眼睛位置的变化而变化。这种配置能够改善由于观看者眼睛移动而产生的串扰现象。
图4A和4B示意性示出透镜等效单元移动前后的光路示意图。在图4A和4B中，每个透镜等效单元对应于8个第一电极和两个像素(像素1和像素2)。当观看者眼睛处于图4A的位置时，来自于像素1的光经过透镜等效单元203折射后进入观看者的左眼，以形成左眼图像，而来自于像素2的光经过透镜等效单元203折射后进入观看者的右眼视区，以形成右眼图像。当观看者眼睛从图4A中示出的位置移动到图4B中的位置时，透镜等效单元205的位置也随着眼睛101的移动而移动，使得来自于像素1的光经过透镜等效单元203折射后仍然能够进入观看者的左眼视区，以形成左眼图像，而来自于像素2的光经过透镜等效单元203折射后仍然能够进入观看者的右眼视区，以形成右眼图像，因此可以改善由于观看者的眼睛的移动而造成图像串扰的问题。
在本文描述的实施例中，每个透镜等效单元也可以对应于显示模组中的相邻两行子像素，其中子像素包括R、G、B子像素。
在进一步的方面，在本公开的实施例中，可以根据观看者的眼睛位置的变化，逐个电极地实时调整与每个透镜等效单元相对应的第一电极。由于第一电极的宽度通常小于一个像素的宽度，因此可以实现透镜等效单元的位置的微调整，即小于像素级的调整。这种调整比较细微，观看者不容易察觉，因此可以增加观看者的观看舒适度。
作为对比，图1C示意性示出一种相关技术中通过将像素1和像素2的位置互换来改善串扰的光路图。在相关的技术中，当观看者的眼睛进入 观看死区(图1B的位置)时，将像素1和像素2的位置互换(图1C)，以使像素1的信号仍然进入观看者左眼，并且像素2的信号仍然进入观看者右眼，从而能够观看到正确的图像。但是这种通过调整像素的方案只能在像素与像素之间调整，实现像素级的调整，不能实现更细微的调整，这会使观看者有突变或闪烁的感觉，影响观看者的观看舒适度。
如上所述，第一电极为条状电极(如图5A)，但是可以理解，第一电极的形状还可以为不连续的条状(如图5B)、方形点阵(如图5C)、圆形点阵(如图5D)或者其他能够与第二电极一起控制液晶分子偏转来形成多个透镜等效单元的电极形状。
在一个具体实施例中，透镜等效单元可以为柱状透镜等效单元。
在另一个实施例中，控制单元206进一步用于通过调整第一电极203的电压来调整对应于每个透镜等效单元205的第一电极的数量，以改变每个透镜等效单元205的口径。
图6示意性示出透镜等效单元的口径被增大的液晶透镜的截面图。如图6所示，控制单元206可以通过调整第一电极203的电压使得每个透镜等效单元对应于16个第一电极，即由16个第一电极203来限定。相比于图2-图4中示出的实施例，每个透镜等效单元205对应的第一电极的数量增加，因此透镜等效单元205的口径也相应增大。
将这种液晶透镜应用于3D显示面板时，由于透镜等效单元的口径增大，因此位于每个透镜等效单元下方的像素列数或行数也相应增多，因此可以实现多视图(view)模式的显示，也可以增加3D显示装置的连续观看角度。图7中示意性示出了一种示例性的透镜等效单元、第一电极和像素的对应关系，与图4相比，图7中对应于每个透镜等效单元的像素从2列增加到了4列。相应地，3D显示面板的视图模式也从2视图模式变成了4视图模式。
所谓2视图模式涉及从两个角度对景物拍摄图像，在像素及光路设计时，将两个角度拍摄的图片按照如图4中所示的左眼像素(像素1)和右眼像素(像素2)的顺序交替排列使得观看者的左眼和右眼分别将像素1 和像素2对应的图片成像并在大脑中合成为立体图像。相应地，所谓4视图模式涉及从4个角度对景物拍摄图像，在像素及光路设计时，将每个角度拍摄的图像间隔插排在透镜等效单元下方的像素1、像素2、像素3和像素4的位置，以使两个相邻的像素分别作为左眼像素和右眼像素在观察者的左眼和右眼成像。因此当观看者的眼睛稍微移动或者多个人在不同角度观看屏幕时，可以看到由不同角度的两张图片合成的立体图像，因而可以这种4视图模式可以增大可连续观看的角度也可以是实现多人同时观看。类似地，多视图模式涉及多个角度拍摄的图像。
图8示意性示出本公开的实施例提供的示例性3D显示面板的截面图。
如图8所示，一种3D显示面板包括显示模组300以及在前述实施例中描述的液晶透镜200，该液晶透镜200位于显示模组300的出光侧。
在该实施例中，液晶透镜200用于使显示模组300中左眼像素对应的图像进入观看者左眼，使右眼像素对应的图像进入观看者的右眼。由于本实施例中的液晶透镜的结构、功能和/或优点与前述实施例中的液晶透镜的结构、功能和/或优点相同，在此不再详述。
在一个示例性的实施例中，每个透镜等效单元203对应于显示模组300中的两行像素，其中一行为左眼像素，另一行为右眼像素。可选地，每个透镜等效单元203对应于显示模组300中的两列像素，其中一列为左眼像素，另一列为右眼像素。例如，当每个透镜等效单元对应于两列像素时，可以实现2视图模式显示，其中，来自于左眼像素的光线通过透镜等效单元后进入观看者的左眼，来自于右眼像素的光线通过透镜等效单元后进入观看者的右眼。
根据本公开的又一实施例，还提供一种用于前述液晶透镜的控制方法，包括：通过控制单元调整所述第一电极的电压，以改变每个透镜等效单元的位置。
图9示意性示出一种液晶透镜的控制方法的流程图。
如图9所示，该实施例提供的3D液晶透镜的控制方法可以包括以下步骤：
S901：通过人眼追踪单元检测观看者眼睛位置的变化；
S902：通过控制单元根据观看者眼睛位置的变化来调整第一电极的电压，以改变每个透镜等效单元的位置。
该实施例提供的控制方法用于前述实施例描述的和图2示出的液晶透镜，其结构、功能和/或优点与前述实施例中的液晶透镜的结构、功能和/或优点相同，在此不再详述。
根据本实施例提供的液晶透镜的控制方法，当观看者的眼睛移动时，能够及时调整透镜等效单元的位置，使得来自于左眼像素的光经过透镜等效单元折射后仍然能够进入观看者的左眼视区，以形成左眼图像，而来自于右眼像素的光经过透镜等效单元折射后仍然能够进入观看者的右眼视区，以形成右眼图像。因此可以改善由于观看者的眼睛的移动而造成图像串扰的问题。
在示例性的实施例中，液晶透镜的控制方法进一步包括：通过控制单元调整第一电极的电压来调整对应于每个透镜等效单元的第一电极的数量，以改变每个透镜等效单元的口径。在具体实施例中，可以根据观看者所选择的视图模式通过调整第一电极的电压来调整对应于每个透镜等效单元的第一电极的数量，其中视图模式包括2视图模式和多视图模式。通过对每个透镜等效单元的口径的控制，可以实现多视图模式，并且能够增加连续观看角度。
根据本公开的再一实施例，还提供一种用于前述3D显示面板的控制方法，包括通过控制单元调整第一电极的电压，以改变每个透镜等效单元的位置，以使与显示面板的左眼像素相对应的左眼图像进入观看者的左眼，并且与显示面板的右眼像素相对应的右眼图像进入观看者的右眼。
在一个具体实施例中，3D显示面板的控制方法可以包括以下步骤：
i)通过人眼追踪单元检测观看者眼睛位置的变化；
ii)通过控制单元根据观看者眼睛位置的变化来调整第一电极的电压，以改变每个透镜等效单元的位置。
该实施例提供的控制方法用于前述实施例描述的和图8中示出的3D 显示面板，其结构、功能和/或优点与前述实施例中的3D显示面板的结构、功能和/或优点相同，在此不再详述。
在一个示例性实施例中，3D显示面板的控制方法进一步包括：通过控制单元调整第一电极的电压来调整对应于每个透镜等效单元的第一电极的数量，以改变每个透镜等效单元的口径。在该配置中，通过对每个透镜等效单元的口径的控制，可以实现多view模式，并且能够增加连续观看角度。
除非上下文中另外明确地指出，否则在本文和所附权利要求中所使用的词语的单数形式包括复数，反之亦然。因而，当提及单数时，通常包括相应术语的复数。相似地，措辞“包含”和“包括”将解释为包含在内而不是独占性地。同样地，术语“包括”和“或”应当解释为包括在内的，除非本文中明确禁止这样的解释。在本文中使用术语“实例”之处，特别是当其位于一组术语之后时，所述“实例”仅仅是示例性的和阐述性的，且不应当被认为是独占性的或广泛性的。
此外，本公开中描绘的流程图仅仅是一个例子。在不脱离本公开精神的情况下，可以存在该流程图或其中描述的步骤的很多变型。例如，所述步骤可以以不同的顺序进行，或者可以添加、删除或者修改步骤
以上为了说明和描述的目的提供了实施例的前述描述。其并不旨在是穷举的或者限制本申请。特定实施例的各个元件或特征通常不限于特定的实施例，但是，在合适的情况下，这些元件和特征是可互换的并且可用在所选择的实施例中，即使没有具体示出或描述。同样也可以以许多方式来改变。这种改变不能被认为脱离了本申请，并且所有这些修改都包含在本申请的范围内。

Claims (14)

  1. 一种液晶透镜，用于3D显示面板，包括第一基板；第二基板；设置在所述第一基板上的多个第一电极；设置在所述第二基板上的第二电极；设置在所述第一基板和所述第二基板之间的液晶层；以及控制单元，其中，
    所述控制单元用于控制所述第一电极和所述第二电极的电压以使所述液晶层中液晶分子偏转以形成多个透镜等效单元，
    所述控制单元还用于调整所述第一电极的电压，以改变每个所述透镜等效单元的位置。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的液晶透镜，其中，所述液晶透镜还包括人眼追踪单元，所述人眼追踪单元用于追踪观看者眼睛位置的变化，
    所述控制单元还用于根据所述观看者眼睛位置的变化来调整所述第一电极的电压，以使每个透镜等效单元的位置随着所述观看者眼睛位置的变化而变化。
  3. 根据权利要求1或2所述的液晶透镜，其中，所述控制单元进一步用于通过调整所述第一电极的电压来调整对应于每个所述透镜等效单元的所述第一电极的数量，以改变每个所述透镜等效单元的口径。
  4. 根据权利要求1或2所述的液晶透镜，其中，所述第一电极为条状电极或点阵状电极，所述第二电极为面电极。
  5. 根据权利要求1或2所述的液晶透镜，其中，所述透镜等效单元为柱状透镜等效单元。
  6. 根据权利要求1或2所述的液晶透镜，其中，每个所述透镜等效单元的位置由3-20个所述第一电极限定。
  7. 一种3D显示面板，包括显示模组和如权利要求1至6中任一项所述的液晶透镜，其中，所述液晶透镜位于所述显示模组的出光侧。
  8. 根据权利要求7所述的3D显示面板，其中，每个透镜等效单元对应于所述显示模组中的相邻两行像素，或每个透镜等效单元对应于所述显示模组中的相邻两列像素，以使得在显示时与左眼像素相对应的图像进入观看者的左眼，与右眼像素相对应的图像进入观看者的右眼。
  9. 一种用于如权利要求1至6中任一项所述的液晶透镜的控制方法，包括：
    通过所述控制单元调整所述第一电极的电压，以改变每个所述透镜等效单元的位置。
  10. 根据权利要求9所述的控制方法，其中，所述方法还包括：
    通过人眼追踪单元检测观看者眼睛位置的变化，
    通过所述控制单元调整所述第一电极的电压包括：
    通过所述控制单元根据所述观看者眼睛位置的变化来调整所述第一电极的电压。
  11. 根据权利要求9或10所述的控制方法，还包括：通过所述控制单元调整所述第一电极的电压来调整对应于每个所述透镜等效单元的所述第一电极的数量，以改变每个所述透镜等效单元的口径。
  12. 一种用于如权利要求7或8所述的3D显示面板的控制方法，包括：
    通过所述控制单元调整所述第一电极的电压，以改变每个所述透镜等效单元的位置，以使与所述显示面板的左眼像素相对应的左眼图像进入观看者的左眼，并且与所述显示面板的右眼像素相对应的右眼图像进入观看者的右眼。
  13. 根据权利要求12所述的控制方法，还包括：
    通过人眼追踪单元检测观看者眼睛位置的变化，
    通过所述控制单元调整所述第一电极的电压包括：
    通过所述控制单元根据所述观看者眼睛位置的变化来调整所述第一电极的电压。
  14. 根据权利要求12或13所述的控制方法，还包括：通过所述控制单元调整所述第一电极的电压来调整对应于每个所述透镜等效单元的所述第一电极的数量，以改变每个所述透镜等效单元的口径。
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