WO2017197595A1 - Display device - Google Patents

Display device Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2017197595A1
WO2017197595A1 PCT/CN2016/082465 CN2016082465W WO2017197595A1 WO 2017197595 A1 WO2017197595 A1 WO 2017197595A1 CN 2016082465 W CN2016082465 W CN 2016082465W WO 2017197595 A1 WO2017197595 A1 WO 2017197595A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
layer
display device
reflective
light
axis direction
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/CN2016/082465
Other languages
French (fr)
Chinese (zh)
Inventor
王振伟
谢鹏飞
Original Assignee
华为技术有限公司
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
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Publication date
Application filed by 华为技术有限公司 filed Critical 华为技术有限公司
Priority to PCT/CN2016/082465 priority Critical patent/WO2017197595A1/en
Publication of WO2017197595A1 publication Critical patent/WO2017197595A1/en

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    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B5/00—Optical elements other than lenses
    • G02B5/04—Prisms
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
    • G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
    • G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour 
    • G02F1/13—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour  based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
    • G02F1/133—Constructional arrangements; Operation of liquid crystal cells; Circuit arrangements
    • G02F1/1333—Constructional arrangements; Manufacturing methods
    • G02F1/1335—Structural association of cells with optical devices, e.g. polarisers or reflectors

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to the field of optics, and in particular to a display device.
  • the solution to the reduction in contrast is to use a transflective structure to achieve contrast enhancement using ambient light.
  • the transflective technology of the display screen changes the ratio of transmission and reflection through the coating.
  • the coating can increase the transmittance, increase the light intensity, increase the reflectivity, and reduce the light intensity.
  • the meaning of transflection is that the transmittance and reflectivity of the film are 50% each, that is, after the light passes through the film, the transmitted light intensity and the reflected light intensity each account for 50%.
  • the transflective is not necessarily a ratio of 50% each, which may be determined according to the actual situation.
  • the existing transflective display device has certain defects.
  • the light in the reflective area is not much, and the brightness of the display device is basically realized by the light in the transmissive area, so the brightness of the display screen is lowered.
  • the brightness of the display screen is lowered.
  • you achieve higher brightness in a dark environment it will increase the corresponding power consumption.
  • Embodiments of the present invention provide a display device for improving brightness of a display device in a dark environment.
  • a first aspect of the embodiments of the present invention provides a display device, including:
  • the upper polarizer, the upper 1/4 wave plate polarizing layer, the color film substrate, the liquid crystal layer, the reflective transmission layer, the array substrate, the lower quarter wave plate polarizing layer and The lower polarizer is sequentially arranged from top to bottom;
  • the backlight is transmitted over the entire area of the reflective transmission layer, and ambient light is totally reflected at the reflective transmission layer.
  • a structure of a display device is provided.
  • the brightness of the display device is determined by the light transmitted from the upper polarizer.
  • the transmissive layer is reflected, the light can be reflected or transmitted. Transmission occurs over the entire area of the layer, so that the brightness of the display device is not low either in an outdoor bright environment or in an indoor dark ring, and the power consumption of the display device can be reduced.
  • the reflective and transmissive layer includes an incident layer, a refractive layer and a reflective layer;
  • the incident layer, the refractive layer, and the reflective layer are sequentially arranged, wherein ambient light is incident from the incident layer, and light refracted at the refractive layer is totally reflected in the reflective layer.
  • a structure of a reflective transmission layer is provided.
  • the reflective transmission layer includes an incident layer, a refractive layer and a reflective layer.
  • ambient light is incident from the incident layer and is refracted in the refractive layer. The light rays need to be totally reflected in the reflective layer, which provides a feasible solution for the embodiment of the present invention.
  • the refracting layer is formed into a prismatic structure, and the inclined surface of the prismatic structure An angle formed with the reflective layer is A; the ambient light is incident from the incident layer, and light refracted at the refractive layer is totally reflected in the reflective layer, satisfying the following relationship: (n 2 / n 1 ) 2 >2(1+cosA)/sin 2 A, wherein the incident layer and the reflective layer have the same refractive index, n 1 , and n 2 is a refractive index of the refractive layer, the refraction The refractive index n 2 of the layer is greater than the refractive index n 1 of the reflective layer.
  • the angle A satisfies: A>2arcsin(n 1 /n 2 ).
  • the angle formed by the inclined surface of the refractive layer and the reflective layer is further required, so that the technical solution of the present invention is more feasible.
  • the backlight is incident from the reflective layer, and the incident Floor Shoot out.
  • the transmission axis direction of the upper polarizer is perpendicular to the transmission axis direction of the lower polarizer, and the transmission axis direction of the upper polarizer is at an angle of 45 degrees to the optical axis direction of the upper quarter-wave plate polarizing layer.
  • the transmission axis direction of the lower polarizer is at an angle of 45 degrees with respect to the optical axis direction of the lower quarter-wave plate polarizing layer, and the optical axis direction of the upper quarter-wave plate polarizing layer and the liquid crystal layer are transparent.
  • the through-axis direction, and parallel to the optical axis direction of the lower quarter-wave plate polarizing layer, is used to control light entering the display device for controlling light entering the display device to adjust the brightness of the display device.
  • the transmission directions of the upper polarizer, the lower polarizer, the upper quarter-wave polarizer layer, and the lower quarter-wave polarizer layer are all required to implement the technical solution of the present invention. Implemented.
  • the material of the incident layer Including: resin material or silicon nitride.
  • the material of the incident layer Including: resin material or silicon nitride.
  • the material of the refractive layer Including: metal oxides.
  • the liquid crystal layer is used The brightness of the liquid crystal layer is adjusted to control the brightness of the display device.
  • the display device adds a 1/4 wave plate polarizing layer to the upper and lower sides, and further adds a reflective transmission layer, and the reflective transmission layer further includes an incident layer, a refractive layer and a reflective layer. Ambient light is totally reflected in the reflective transmission layer, and the backlight is transmitted over the entire area of the reflective transmission layer, so that the loss of light is reduced, and the brightness of the display screen is increased, thereby reducing power consumption.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a display device according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic view showing the transmission axis direction of the upper polarizer and the transmission axis direction of the lower polarizer being perpendicular to the embodiment of the present invention
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of the transmission axis direction of the upper polarizer and the optical axis direction of the upper quarter-wave plate polarizing layer at an angle of 45 degrees according to an embodiment of the present invention
  • 4a is a schematic view showing the optical axis direction of the upper quarter-wave plate polarizing layer and the transmission axis direction of the liquid crystal layer and the optical axis direction of the lower quarter-wave plate polarizing layer, which is provided in the embodiment of the present invention. ;
  • 4b is a view showing the optical axis direction of the upper quarter-wave plate polarizing layer and the transmission axis direction of the liquid crystal layer, and the other parallel to the optical axis direction of the lower quarter-wave plate polarizing layer, according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • 4c is a view showing an optical axis direction of the upper quarter-wave plate polarizing layer and a transmission axis direction of the liquid crystal layer, and another parallel to the optical axis direction of the lower quarter-wave plate polarizing layer, according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 5 is a schematic structural diagram of a reflective transmission layer provided in an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of ambient light reflection according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram of an optical path of ambient light when the brightness of the display device is the brightest in the embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 8 is a schematic diagram of an optical path of a backlight when the brightness of the display device is the brightest in the embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 9 is a schematic diagram of an optical path of ambient light when the brightness of the display device is the darkest in the embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 10 is a schematic diagram of an optical path of a backlight when the brightness of the display device is the darkest in the embodiment of the present invention.
  • the transflective technology of the display device can improve the contrast of the display screen under sunlight, the details of the display screen are not lost, that is, the screen of the display device does not turn black under sunlight.
  • the brightness of the display device is reflected by the light of the reflective area and the light of the transmissive area, but when the display device is in an indoor dark environment, since the light reflected in the reflective area of the display device is reduced, the back light is substantially The light determines the brightness of the display device, so the brightness of the display will drop a lot. If you want to achieve higher brightness in the dark, it will increase the power consumption.
  • the display device is also generally referred to as a display screen.
  • a display layer is mainly provided with a 1/4 wave plate polarizing layer on the upper and lower sides of the liquid crystal layer, and a reflective transmission layer is further added. .
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a display device according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • the display device comprises: an upper polarizer 101, an upper quarter-wave polarizing layer 102, a color filter substrate 103, a liquid crystal layer 104, a reflective transmission layer 105, an array substrate 106, a lower quarter-wave plate polarizing layer 107 and a lower polarized light.
  • an upper polarizer 101 an upper quarter-wave polarizing layer 102, a color filter substrate 103, a liquid crystal layer 104, a reflective transmission layer 105, an array substrate 106, a lower quarter-wave plate polarizing layer 107 and a lower polarized light.
  • the upper polarizer 101, the upper quarter-wave polarizing layer 102, the color filter substrate 103, the liquid crystal layer 104, the reflective transmission layer 105, the array substrate 106, the lower quarter-wave polarizing layer 107 and the lower polarizer 108 are sequentially Arranged from top to bottom; the backlight is transmitted over the entire area of the reflective transmission layer 105, and ambient light is totally reflected in the reflective transmission layer.
  • the transmission axis direction of the upper polarizer 101 is perpendicular to the transmission axis direction of the lower polarizer 108, and is understood as shown in FIG. 2;
  • the transmission axis direction of the upper polarizer 101 and the optical axis direction of the upper quarter-wave plate polarizing layer 102 are at an angle of 45 degrees. Please refer to FIG. 3 for understanding. Here, it should be noted that the upper polarizer 101 is used here. There are three possibilities for a 45 degree angle through the axis, (1) a 45 degree angle to the left, and (2) a 45 degree angle to the right, (3) where both cases exist simultaneously;
  • the transmission axis direction of the lower polarizer 108 is at an angle of 45 degrees with the optical axis direction of the lower quarter-wave plate polarizing layer 107.
  • the transmission axis direction of the lower polarizer 108 and the optical axis direction of the lower quarter-wave plate polarizing layer 107 are 45 degrees.
  • the possibility of the angle is also determined, or, when the transmission axis direction of the lower polarizer 108 and the optical axis direction of the lower quarter-wave plate polarizing layer 107 are determined at an angle of 45 degrees from among three possibilities, then the upper polarized light.
  • the possibility that the transmission axis direction of the sheet 101 and the optical axis direction of the upper quarter-wave plate polarizing layer 102 are at an angle of 45 degrees is also determined;
  • the optical axis direction of the upper quarter-wave plate polarizing layer 102 and the transmission axis direction of the liquid crystal layer 104, and the lower The optical axis direction of the 1/4 wave plate polarizing layer 107 is parallel. Since it can be divided into three cases according to FIG. 3, it is understood by referring to FIG. 4a, FIG. 4b, and FIG. 4c, respectively; The light of the display device is displayed to adjust the brightness of the display device.
  • the backlight is a form of illumination, which is often used in liquid crystal display (LCD) displays.
  • LCD liquid crystal display
  • the difference between backlight and ambient light is that the backlight is light that is illuminated from the side or the back, and ambient light, also called front light, is the light that is illuminated from the front. They are used to increase the illumination in low-light environments and the brightness of computer monitors and LCD screens.
  • the liquid crystal layer 104 can also be regarded as a polarizing plate, but the polarization effect of the liquid crystal layer 104 on the light can be controlled by adjusting the magnitude of the voltage, so that the polarization effect of the liquid crystal layer 104 on the light reaches the strongest or weakest, or is the strongest. Between the weakest. When the influence of the polarization of the liquid crystal layer 104 on the light is weakest, the polarization of the light of the liquid crystal layer 104 can be neglected; when the polarization of the liquid crystal layer 104 reaches the strongest, the linearly polarized light passes through the liquid crystal layer 104.
  • a Thin Film Transistor Liquid Crystal Display includes an array substrate 103, a liquid crystal layer 104, and a color filter substrate 106.
  • the array substrate 103 is formed with gate lines and data lines defining pixel regions, and pixel electrodes and thin film transistors are formed in various pixel regions.
  • the color filter substrate 106 may also be referred to as a color filter (Color). Filter), a black matrix and a color filter layer can be formed.
  • the liquid crystal layer 104 between the array substrate 106 and the color filter substrate 103 generates different rotations under different voltages to achieve the brightness of the display, and the color filter layer of the color filter substrate can achieve the display effect of the color image.
  • a reflective transmission layer 105 is added between the liquid crystal layer and the array substrate.
  • the upper quarter-wave plate polarizing layer and the lower quarter-wave plate polarizing layer referred to herein are quarter-wave plates.
  • the phase difference between the ordinary light (o light) and the extraordinary light (e light) is equal to ⁇ /2 or an odd multiple thereof, and such a wafer is called a quarter wave plate or 1 /4 wave plate.
  • the display device in the prior art is generally a transflective structure, that is, The partial area of the display unit is used for the ambient light to be reflected, and the other part of the area is used for the backlight to be transmitted.
  • the area where the reflective transmission layer can be totally reflected is not limited, and the backlight is transmitted.
  • the area is the area of the entire reflective transmission layer, that is, the backlight can be transmitted through the entire reflective transmission layer. Then, compared with the prior art, more light is transmitted, and the brightness of the display device is correspondingly increased.
  • FIG. 5 is a schematic structural diagram of a reflective transmission layer 105 provided in an embodiment of the present invention.
  • the reflective transmission layer 105 further includes an incident layer 1051, a refractive layer 1052, and a reflective layer 1053.
  • the incident layer 1051 is located above the refractive layer 1052, and the refractive layer 1052 is located above the reflective layer 1053, wherein ambient light is incident from the incident layer 1051, and light refracted at the refractive layer 1052 is totally reflected at the reflective layer 1053.
  • a schematic structural view of a reflective transmission layer of a display device showing the principle of total reflection of light.
  • the refractive layer 1052 is formed into a prismatic structure, and the inclined surface of the prismatic structure forms an angle with the reflective layer 1053.
  • ambient light is incident from the incident layer 1051 and occurs in the refractive layer 1052.
  • the refracted light is totally reflected at the reflective layer 1053 and satisfies the following relationship:
  • n 2 /n 1 ) 2 >2(1+cosA)/sin 2 A, wherein the incident layer 1051 and the reflective layer 1053 have the same refractive index, n 1 , and n 2 is the refractive index of the refractive layer 1052.
  • the refractive index n 2 of the refractive layer is greater than the refractive index n 1 of the reflective layer.
  • a relationship is provided that satisfies the total reflection of ambient light in the reflective transmission layer, providing an implementable solution.
  • the refractive index n 2 of the refractive layer 1052 is greater than the refractive index n 1 of the reflective layer 1053.
  • one of the conditions for total reflection of light is provided, that is, the light needs to be from the optically dense medium to the light-diffusing medium.
  • the ratio of n 2 /n 1 is greater than the first threshold; the angle A is greater than the second threshold.
  • n 2 /n 1 a material having a larger value of n 2 /n 1 is preferable, and an angle A is preferably a larger angle, and when the value of n 2 /n 1 is larger, the angle A is The range of values is relatively flexible.
  • n 1 ⁇ n 3 A>arcsin(n 1 /n 2 )+arcsin(n 3 /n 2 ), where n 1 is the refractive index of the incident layer, and n 2 is the refractive layer.
  • the refractive index, n 3 is the refractive index of the reflective layer.
  • the range of angle A is In practical applications, the value of the angle A is generally greater than 60 degrees.
  • the backlight is incident from the reflective layer 1053, and is emitted from the incident layer 1051 through the refractive layer 1052.
  • the material of the incident layer 1051 includes: a resin material or silicon nitride.
  • the resin material or silicon nitride has a low refractive index and a high transmittance.
  • the material of the refractive layer 1052 includes: a metal oxide having a high refractive index and a high transmittance, and a high refractive index of the refractive layer makes the ambient light more susceptible to total reflection.
  • the material of the reflective layer 1053 is generally the same as the material of the incident layer, and is also a resin material having low refractive index and high transmittance or silicon nitride.
  • the liquid crystal layer 104 is configured to adjust a voltage of the liquid crystal layer to control brightness of the display device.
  • the display device displays the brightest brightness.
  • the ambient light path is shown in Figure 7:
  • ambient light also known as sunlight
  • the incoming light is the same direction as the transmission axis direction of the upper polarizer 101, which is linearly polarized light a;
  • the transmission axis direction of the upper polarizer 101 set before the display device is Since the optical axis direction of the upper quarter-wave plate polarizing layer 102 is at an angle of 45 degrees, the linearly polarized light a passes through the upper quarter-wave plate polarizing layer 102 and becomes circularly polarized light b. After the circularly polarized light b passes through the color filter substrate 103, it does not affect the polarization direction of the light, or is circularly polarized light b, so the color filter substrate 103 is not shown in FIG. 7;
  • the circularly polarized light b passes through the liquid crystal layer 104 and becomes linearly polarized light c. It should be noted that the circularly polarized light passes through the polarizing plate and becomes linearly polarized without the requirement of angle, that is, the direction of the circularly polarized light and the liquid crystal. The direction of the transmission axis of the layer is not required, the circularly polarized light passes through the liquid crystal layer 104 and becomes linearly polarized light c;
  • the linearly polarized light d becomes circularly polarized light e through the liquid crystal layer 104 because the transmission axis direction of the previously set liquid crystal layer 104 is parallel to the transmission axis direction of the upper quarter-wave plate polarizing layer 107, and Since the direction of the linearly polarized light d does not change, the direction of the linearly polarized light d is 45 degrees with respect to the transmission axis direction of the liquid crystal layer 104. Therefore, the linearly polarized light d passes through the liquid crystal layer 104 and becomes circularly polarized light e.
  • the liquid crystal layer 104 has the greatest influence on the linearly polarized light d, and becomes circularly polarized light.
  • the influence of the liquid crystal layer on the linearly polarized light can be controlled by adjusting the voltage of the liquid crystal layer.
  • the influence When the influence is maximum, it becomes circularly polarized light, which has the most influence. Hours, ideally, can be considered to have no effect on the polarization of the light, negligible, affecting between the maximum and minimum, the linearly polarized light passing through the liquid crystal layer becomes elliptically polarized light.
  • the circularly polarized light e passes through the color filter substrate 103, the color filter substrate does not affect the polarization of the light;
  • backlight that is, the light emitted by the backlight passes through the lower polarizer 108 as linearly polarized light m, and the linearly polarized light m is the same light direction as the transmission axis direction of the lower polarizer 108;
  • the linearly polarized light m becomes circularly polarized light n through the lower quarter-wave plate polarizing layer 107. It should be noted that this is a physical principle when the incident direction of the light and the lower quarter-wave plate polarizing layer 107 When the optical axis direction is at an angle of 45 degrees, the light transmitted through the lower quarter-wave plate polarizing layer 107 becomes circularly polarized light.
  • the transmission axis direction of the lower polarizer 108 set before the display device is lower and the lower one. Since the optical axis direction of the /4 wave plate polarizing layer 107 is at an angle of 45 degrees, the linearly polarized light m passes through the lower quarter-wave plate polarizing layer 107 and becomes circularly polarized light n.
  • the circularly polarized light n passes through the array substrate 106, and the array substrate does not affect the polarization of the light. Therefore, the array substrate 106 is omitted in FIG. 8 and is not shown;
  • the circularly polarized light n is sequentially passed through the reflective transmission layer 105, directly transmitted, or circularly polarized light n, so the reflective transmission layer 105 is not shown in FIG. 8;
  • the color filter substrate When the linearly polarized light o passes through the color filter substrate 103, the color filter substrate does not affect the polarization of the light, and therefore, the color filter substrate is not shown in FIG. 8;
  • the linearly polarized light o is circularly polarized light p after passing through the upper quarter-wave plate polarizing layer 102.
  • the optical axis direction of the upper quarter-wave plate polarizing layer and the liquid crystal layer are transmitted.
  • the axial direction is parallel to the optical axis direction of the lower quarter-wave plate polarizing layer. Therefore, the direction of the linearly polarized light o is at an angle of 45 degrees to the optical axis direction of the upper quarter-wave plate polarizing layer 102.
  • the 4 wave plate polarizing layer 102 becomes circularly polarized light p;
  • the circularly polarized light p is transmitted through the upper polarizer 101 because the circularly polarized light passes through the polarizing plate to become linearly polarized light, which is not limited.
  • the brightness of the display device is determined together with the reflection of the ambient light and the transmission of the backlight.
  • the display device The brightness is the brightest.
  • the liquid crystal layer has the greatest influence on the polarization of light, and can be realized by adjusting the voltage of the liquid crystal layer, which has been described in the foregoing.
  • the display device displays the darkest brightness.
  • the ambient light path is shown in Figure 9:
  • ambient light also known as ambient light, that is, sunlight
  • the incoming light is the same direction as the transmission axis direction of the upper polarizer 101, which is linearly polarized light a;
  • the liquid crystal layer 104 has no influence on the polarization direction of the light by adjusting the voltage of the liquid crystal layer 104, so, in FIG. Also does not show the liquid crystal layer 104;
  • the circularly polarized light c passes through the upper quarter-wave plate polarizing layer 102 and becomes linearly polarized light d. Since the circularly polarized light passes through the polarizing plate to become linearly polarized light, there is no angle requirement. At this time, the linearly polarized light The polarization direction of d is opposite to the transmission direction of the upper polarizer 101, and the linearly polarized light d cannot be transmitted.
  • the backlight path is shown in Figure 10:
  • backlight that is, light emitted from the backlight passes through the lower polarizer 108 to become linearly polarized light m, and the linearly polarized light m is the same light direction as the transmission axis direction of the lower polarizer 108;
  • the linearly polarized light m is further changed to circularly polarized light n through the lower quarter-wave plate polarizing layer 107, and the circularly polarized light n is a light beam at an angle of 45 degrees with respect to the optical axis direction of the lower quarter-wave plate polarizing layer 107.
  • the circularly polarized light n passes through the array substrate 106, it has no influence on the polarization direction of the light. Therefore, the array substrate 106 is not shown in FIG. 10, and the circularly polarized light n is directly transmitted through the reflective transmission layer 105.
  • the liquid crystal layer can be regarded as a polarizing plate.
  • the liquid crystal layer is adjusted by adjusting the voltage of the liquid crystal layer 104. 104 has no influence on the polarization direction of the light. Therefore, the reflection transmission layer 105 and the liquid crystal layer 104 are not shown in FIG. 10. Similarly, the color filter substrate 103 has no influence on the polarization direction of the light, and therefore, FIG. 10 also The color film substrate 103 is not shown;
  • the polarization direction of the linearly polarized light o is perpendicular to the transmission direction of the upper polarizing plate 101, and the linearly polarized light o cannot be transmitted.
  • the display device since the brightness of the display device is determined by the reflection of the reflected light and the transmission of the backlight, when neither the linearly polarized light d nor the linearly polarized light o can be seen from the upper polarizing plate 101, the display device The brightness is the darkest.

Abstract

Provided is a display device for regulating the brightness of a display screen, comprising: an upper polaroid (101), an upper 1/4 wave plate polarized layer (102), a colour film substrate (103), a liquid crystal layer (104), a reflection-transmission layer (105), an array substrate (106), a lower 1/4 wave plate polarized layer (107) and a lower polaroid (108). The upper polaroid (101), the upper 1/4 wave plate polarized layer (102), the colour film substrate (103), the liquid crystal layer (104), the reflection-transmission layer (105), the array substrate (106), the lower 1/4 wave plate polarized layer (107) and the lower polaroid (108) are arranged from top to bottom in sequence. Transmission of backlight occurs on the overall area of the reflection-transmission layer (105), and a total reflection of ambient light occurs on the reflection-transmission layer (105).

Description

一种显示装置Display device 技术领域Technical field
本发明涉及光学领域，尤其涉及一种显示装置。The present invention relates to the field of optics, and in particular to a display device.
背景技术Background technique
用户在阳光下通过终端设备的显示屏浏览界面内容时会发现如下问题：显示屏对比度严重下降，细节丢失，画面变黑看不清楚。解决对比度下降的方法是采用半反半透结构，利用环境光实现对比度提高。When the user browses the interface content through the display of the terminal device in the sunlight, the following problems will be found: the display contrast is seriously degraded, the details are lost, and the picture becomes black and cannot be clearly seen. The solution to the reduction in contrast is to use a transflective structure to achieve contrast enhancement using ambient light.
显示屏的半反半透技术是通过镀膜改变原来的透射和反射的比例，通过镀膜可以增加透射率，加大光强，可以增加反射率，减少光强。而半反半透的意思就是这个膜的透射率和反射率各占50％，即光线经过这个薄膜以后，其透过的光强，和被反射回来的光强各占50％。但在实际应用中，半反半透不一定是各占50％的比例，可根据实际情况而定。The transflective technology of the display screen changes the ratio of transmission and reflection through the coating. The coating can increase the transmittance, increase the light intensity, increase the reflectivity, and reduce the light intensity. The meaning of transflection is that the transmittance and reflectivity of the film are 50% each, that is, after the light passes through the film, the transmitted light intensity and the reflected light intensity each account for 50%. However, in practical applications, the transflective is not necessarily a ratio of 50% each, which may be determined according to the actual situation.
但是现有的半反半透显示装置存在一定的缺陷，在室内暗环境下，反射区的光线不多，显示装置的亮度基本上靠透射区的光线来实现，所以显示屏的亮度就会下降很多，如果在暗环境下达到比较高的亮度，就会增加相应的功耗。However, the existing transflective display device has certain defects. In the indoor dark environment, the light in the reflective area is not much, and the brightness of the display device is basically realized by the light in the transmissive area, so the brightness of the display screen is lowered. Many, if you achieve higher brightness in a dark environment, it will increase the corresponding power consumption.
发明内容Summary of the invention
本发明实施例提供了一种显示装置，用于在暗环境下，提高显示装置的亮度。Embodiments of the present invention provide a display device for improving brightness of a display device in a dark environment.
本发明实施例的第一方面提供一种显示装置，包括：A first aspect of the embodiments of the present invention provides a display device, including:
上偏光片，上1/4波片偏光层，彩膜基板，液晶层，反射透射层，阵列基板，下1/4波片偏光层和下偏光片；Upper polarizer, upper quarter-wave polarizing layer, color film substrate, liquid crystal layer, reflective transmission layer, array substrate, lower quarter-wave plate polarizing layer and lower polarizer;
所述上偏光片，所述上1/4波片偏光层，所述彩膜基板，所述液晶层，所述反射透射层，所述阵列基板，所述下1/4波片偏光层和所述下偏光片依次从上到下排布；The upper polarizer, the upper 1/4 wave plate polarizing layer, the color film substrate, the liquid crystal layer, the reflective transmission layer, the array substrate, the lower quarter wave plate polarizing layer and The lower polarizer is sequentially arranged from top to bottom;
背光在所述反射透射层的全部面积上发生透射，环境光在所述反射透射层发生全反射。 The backlight is transmitted over the entire area of the reflective transmission layer, and ambient light is totally reflected at the reflective transmission layer.
在本发明实施例中，提供了显示装置的一种结构，显示装置的亮度是由从上偏光片透出的光线决定的，在反射透射层时，光线既可以发生反射，也可以在反射透射层的全部面积上发生透射，那么，不论是在室外亮环境下，还是在室内暗环惊下，显示装置的亮度都不会很低，也可以减少显示装置的功耗。In the embodiment of the present invention, a structure of a display device is provided. The brightness of the display device is determined by the light transmitted from the upper polarizer. When the transmissive layer is reflected, the light can be reflected or transmitted. Transmission occurs over the entire area of the layer, so that the brightness of the display device is not low either in an outdoor bright environment or in an indoor dark ring, and the power consumption of the display device can be reduced.
结合本发明实施例的第一方面，在本发明实施例的第一方面的第一种实现方式中，所述反射透射层包括入射层，折射层和反射层；With reference to the first aspect of the embodiments of the present invention, in a first implementation manner of the first aspect of the embodiments, the reflective and transmissive layer includes an incident layer, a refractive layer and a reflective layer;
所述入射层、所述折射层和所述反射层依次排布，其中，环境光从所述入射层射入，在所述折射层发生折射的光线在所述反射层发生全反射。The incident layer, the refractive layer, and the reflective layer are sequentially arranged, wherein ambient light is incident from the incident layer, and light refracted at the refractive layer is totally reflected in the reflective layer.
在本发明实施例中，提供了反射透射层的结构，反射透射层包括入射层，折射层和反射层，而且，为了保证显示装置的亮度，环境光从入射层射入，在折射层发生折射的光线在反射层需发生全反射，为本发明实施例提供了一个可行性的方案。In the embodiment of the present invention, a structure of a reflective transmission layer is provided. The reflective transmission layer includes an incident layer, a refractive layer and a reflective layer. Moreover, in order to ensure the brightness of the display device, ambient light is incident from the incident layer and is refracted in the refractive layer. The light rays need to be totally reflected in the reflective layer, which provides a feasible solution for the embodiment of the present invention.
结合本发明实施例的第一方面的第一种实现方式，本发明实施例的第一方面的第二种实现方式中，所述折射层制作成棱形结构，所述棱形结构的倾斜面与所述反射层形成的角度为A；所述环境光从所述入射层射入，在所述折射层发生折射的光线在所述反射层发生全反射，满足以下关系式：(n2/n1)2＞2(1+cosA)/sin2A，其中，所述入射层和所述反射层的折射率相同，为n1，n2为所述折射层的折射率，所述折射层的折射率n2大于所述反射层的折射率n1。With reference to the first implementation manner of the first aspect of the embodiment of the present invention, in the second implementation manner of the first aspect of the embodiment, the refracting layer is formed into a prismatic structure, and the inclined surface of the prismatic structure An angle formed with the reflective layer is A; the ambient light is incident from the incident layer, and light refracted at the refractive layer is totally reflected in the reflective layer, satisfying the following relationship: (n 2 / n 1 ) 2 >2(1+cosA)/sin 2 A, wherein the incident layer and the reflective layer have the same refractive index, n 1 , and n 2 is a refractive index of the refractive layer, the refraction The refractive index n 2 of the layer is greater than the refractive index n 1 of the reflective layer.
在本发明实施例中，对反射透射层中的折射层做了进一步的要求，而且，要发生全反射，入射层、折射层和反射层的折射率需满足一定的关系式，提高本发明实施例的可行性。In the embodiment of the present invention, further requirements are imposed on the refractive layer in the reflective transmission layer, and further, total reflection occurs, and the refractive indices of the incident layer, the refractive layer, and the reflective layer need to satisfy a certain relationship, thereby improving the implementation of the present invention. The feasibility of the example.
结合本发明实施例的第一方面的第二种实现方式，在本发明实施例的第三种实现方式中，所述角度A满足：A＞2arcsin(n1/n2)。With reference to the second implementation manner of the first aspect of the embodiment of the present invention, in the third implementation manner of the embodiment of the present invention, the angle A satisfies: A>2arcsin(n 1 /n 2 ).
在本发明实施例中，对折射层的倾斜面与反射层形成的角度做了进一步的要求，使得本发明技术方案更具有可行性。In the embodiment of the present invention, the angle formed by the inclined surface of the refractive layer and the reflective layer is further required, so that the technical solution of the present invention is more feasible.
结合本发明实施例的第一方面的第一种实现方式，在本发明实施例的第四种实现方式中，所述背光从所述反射层射入，通过所述折射层，从所述入射层 射出。In conjunction with the first implementation of the first aspect of the embodiments of the present invention, in a fourth implementation manner of the embodiment of the present invention, the backlight is incident from the reflective layer, and the incident Floor Shoot out.
在本发明实施例中，对背光的光路做了一个说明。In the embodiment of the present invention, an explanation is given of the optical path of the backlight.
结合本发明实施例的第一方面、本发明实施例的第一方面的第一种实现方式至第四种实现方式，在本发明实施例的第五种实现方式中，With reference to the first aspect of the embodiments of the present invention, the first implementation manner to the fourth implementation manner of the first aspect of the embodiments of the present invention, in a fifth implementation manner of the embodiment of the present invention,
所述上偏光片的透过轴方向和所述下偏光片的透过轴方向垂直，所述上偏光片的透过轴方向和上1/4波片偏光层的光轴方向呈45度角，所述下偏光片的透过轴方向和下1/4波片偏光层的光轴方向呈45度角，所述上1/4波片偏光层的光轴方向与所述液晶层的透过轴方向，以及与所述下1/4波片偏光层的光轴方向平行，用于控制进入所述显示装置的光线，用于控制进入所述显示装置的光线，调节显示装置的亮度。The transmission axis direction of the upper polarizer is perpendicular to the transmission axis direction of the lower polarizer, and the transmission axis direction of the upper polarizer is at an angle of 45 degrees to the optical axis direction of the upper quarter-wave plate polarizing layer. The transmission axis direction of the lower polarizer is at an angle of 45 degrees with respect to the optical axis direction of the lower quarter-wave plate polarizing layer, and the optical axis direction of the upper quarter-wave plate polarizing layer and the liquid crystal layer are transparent. The through-axis direction, and parallel to the optical axis direction of the lower quarter-wave plate polarizing layer, is used to control light entering the display device for controlling light entering the display device to adjust the brightness of the display device.
在本发明实施例中，对上偏光片、下偏光片、上1/4波片偏光层和下1/4波片偏光层的透过方向都做了一定要求，以实现本发明技术方案的实行。In the embodiment of the present invention, the transmission directions of the upper polarizer, the lower polarizer, the upper quarter-wave polarizer layer, and the lower quarter-wave polarizer layer are all required to implement the technical solution of the present invention. Implemented.
结合本发明实施例的第一方面、本发明实施例的第一方面的第一种实现方式至第五种实现方式，在本发明实施例的第六种实现方式中，所述入射层的材料包括：树脂材料或者氮化硅。With reference to the first aspect of the embodiments of the present invention, the first implementation manner to the fifth implementation manner of the first aspect of the embodiments of the present invention, in the sixth implementation manner of the embodiment of the present invention, the material of the incident layer Including: resin material or silicon nitride.
结合本发明实施例的第一方面、本发明实施例的第一方面的第一种实现方式至第六种实现方式，在本发明实施例的第七种实现方式中，所述入射层的材料包括：树脂材料或者氮化硅。With reference to the first aspect of the embodiments of the present invention, the first implementation manner to the sixth implementation manner of the first aspect of the embodiments of the present invention, in the seventh implementation manner of the embodiment of the present invention, the material of the incident layer Including: resin material or silicon nitride.
结合本发明实施例的第一方面、本发明实施例的第一方面的第一种实现方式至第七种实现方式，在本发明实施例的第八种实现方式中，所述折射层的材料包括：金属氧化物。With reference to the first aspect of the embodiments of the present invention, the first implementation manner to the seventh implementation manner of the first aspect of the embodiments of the present invention, in the eighth implementation manner of the embodiment of the present invention, the material of the refractive layer Including: metal oxides.
结合本发明实施例的第一方面、本发明实施例的第一方面的第一种实现方式至第八种实现方式，在本发明实施例的第九种实现方式中，所述液晶层，用于调节所述液晶层的电压，控制显示装置的亮度。With reference to the first aspect of the embodiments of the present invention, the first implementation manner to the eighth implementation manner of the first aspect of the embodiments of the present invention, in the ninth implementation manner of the embodiment of the present invention, the liquid crystal layer is used The brightness of the liquid crystal layer is adjusted to control the brightness of the display device.
本发明实施例提供的技术方案中，显示装置在上下各增加了一层1/4波片偏光层，还增加了一层反射透射层，反射透射层又包括入射层，折射层和反射层，环境光在反射透射层发生全反射，背光在反射透射层的全部面积上发生透射，使得光线的损失减少，显示屏的亮度就会增加，从而减少功耗。 In the technical solution provided by the embodiment of the invention, the display device adds a 1/4 wave plate polarizing layer to the upper and lower sides, and further adds a reflective transmission layer, and the reflective transmission layer further includes an incident layer, a refractive layer and a reflective layer. Ambient light is totally reflected in the reflective transmission layer, and the backlight is transmitted over the entire area of the reflective transmission layer, so that the loss of light is reduced, and the brightness of the display screen is increased, thereby reducing power consumption.
附图说明DRAWINGS
图1为本发明实施例中提供的显示装置的结构示意图；1 is a schematic structural diagram of a display device according to an embodiment of the present invention;
图2为本发明实施例中提供的，上偏光片的透过轴方向和下偏光片的透过轴方向垂直的示意图；2 is a schematic view showing the transmission axis direction of the upper polarizer and the transmission axis direction of the lower polarizer being perpendicular to the embodiment of the present invention;
图3为本发明实施例中提供的，上偏光片的透过轴方向和上1/4波片偏光层的光轴方向呈45度角的示意图；FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of the transmission axis direction of the upper polarizer and the optical axis direction of the upper quarter-wave plate polarizing layer at an angle of 45 degrees according to an embodiment of the present invention; FIG.
图4a为本发明实施例中提供的，上1/4波片偏光层的光轴方向与液晶层的透过轴方向，以及与下1/4波片偏光层的光轴方向平行的一个示意图；4a is a schematic view showing the optical axis direction of the upper quarter-wave plate polarizing layer and the transmission axis direction of the liquid crystal layer and the optical axis direction of the lower quarter-wave plate polarizing layer, which is provided in the embodiment of the present invention. ;
图4b为本发明实施例中提供的，上1/4波片偏光层的光轴方向与液晶层的透过轴方向，以及与下1/4波片偏光层的光轴方向平行的另一个示意图；4b is a view showing the optical axis direction of the upper quarter-wave plate polarizing layer and the transmission axis direction of the liquid crystal layer, and the other parallel to the optical axis direction of the lower quarter-wave plate polarizing layer, according to an embodiment of the present invention. schematic diagram;
图4c为本发明实施例中提供的，上1/4波片偏光层的光轴方向与液晶层的透过轴方向，以及与下1/4波片偏光层的光轴方向平行的另一个示意图；4c is a view showing an optical axis direction of the upper quarter-wave plate polarizing layer and a transmission axis direction of the liquid crystal layer, and another parallel to the optical axis direction of the lower quarter-wave plate polarizing layer, according to an embodiment of the present invention. schematic diagram;
图5为本发明实施例中提供的反射透射层的结构示意图；FIG. 5 is a schematic structural diagram of a reflective transmission layer provided in an embodiment of the present invention; FIG.
图6为本发明实施例中提供的环境光发生反射的示意图；FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of ambient light reflection according to an embodiment of the present invention; FIG.
图7为本发明实施例中显示装置显示的亮度最亮时，环境光的光路示意图；7 is a schematic diagram of an optical path of ambient light when the brightness of the display device is the brightest in the embodiment of the present invention;
图8为本发明实施例中显示装置显示的亮度最亮时，背光的光路示意图；8 is a schematic diagram of an optical path of a backlight when the brightness of the display device is the brightest in the embodiment of the present invention;
图9为本发明实施例中显示装置显示的亮度最暗时，环境光的光路示意图；9 is a schematic diagram of an optical path of ambient light when the brightness of the display device is the darkest in the embodiment of the present invention;
图10为本发明实施例中显示装置显示的亮度最暗时，背光的光路示意图。FIG. 10 is a schematic diagram of an optical path of a backlight when the brightness of the display device is the darkest in the embodiment of the present invention.
具体实施方式detailed description
下面将结合本发明实施例中的附图，对本发明实施例中的技术方案进行清楚、完整地描述，显然，所描述的实施例仅仅是本发明一部分实施例，而不是全部的实施例。基于本发明中的实施例，本领域技术人员在没有作出创造性劳动前提下所获得的所有其他实施例，都属于本发明保护的范围。The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention are clearly and completely described in the following with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. It is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, but not all embodiments. All other embodiments obtained by a person skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the present invention without creative efforts are within the scope of the present invention.
在现有技术中，虽然显示装置的半反半透技术可以提高阳光下显示屏的对比度，保证显示屏的细节不丢失，即显示装置的画面在阳光下不会变黑， 在室外环境下，显示装置的亮度是由反射区的光线和透射区的光线体现的，但是当显示装置处于室内暗环境下，因为在显示装置的反射区中反射的光线减少，基本上靠背光的光线来决定显示装置的亮度，所以显示屏的亮度就会下降很多，如果要在暗环境下达到比较高的亮度，就会增加相应的功耗。In the prior art, although the transflective technology of the display device can improve the contrast of the display screen under sunlight, the details of the display screen are not lost, that is, the screen of the display device does not turn black under sunlight. In an outdoor environment, the brightness of the display device is reflected by the light of the reflective area and the light of the transmissive area, but when the display device is in an indoor dark environment, since the light reflected in the reflective area of the display device is reduced, the back light is substantially The light determines the brightness of the display device, so the brightness of the display will drop a lot. If you want to achieve higher brightness in the dark, it will increase the power consumption.
在本发明技术方案中，显示装置通常也称显示屏，与传统的显示装置相比，主要是在液晶层上下两侧各增加一层1/4波片偏光层，还增加一层反射透射层。In the technical solution of the present invention, the display device is also generally referred to as a display screen. Compared with the conventional display device, a display layer is mainly provided with a 1/4 wave plate polarizing layer on the upper and lower sides of the liquid crystal layer, and a reflective transmission layer is further added. .
请参阅图1，为本发明实施例中提供的显示装置的结构示意图。Please refer to FIG. 1 , which is a schematic structural diagram of a display device according to an embodiment of the present invention.
该显示装置包括：上偏光片101，上1/4波片偏光层102，彩膜基板103，液晶层104，反射透射层105，阵列基板106，下1/4波片偏光层107和下偏光片108。需要说明的是，在图1中同时也示出了环境光光源和背光光源的位置。The display device comprises: an upper polarizer 101, an upper quarter-wave polarizing layer 102, a color filter substrate 103, a liquid crystal layer 104, a reflective transmission layer 105, an array substrate 106, a lower quarter-wave plate polarizing layer 107 and a lower polarized light. Slice 108. It should be noted that the positions of the ambient light source and the backlight source are also shown in FIG.
其中，上偏光片101，上1/4波片偏光层102，彩膜基板103，液晶层104，反射透射层105，阵列基板106，下1/4波片偏光层107和下偏光片108依次从上到下排布；背光在反射透射层105的全部面积上发生透射，环境光在反射透射层发生全反射。The upper polarizer 101, the upper quarter-wave polarizing layer 102, the color filter substrate 103, the liquid crystal layer 104, the reflective transmission layer 105, the array substrate 106, the lower quarter-wave polarizing layer 107 and the lower polarizer 108 are sequentially Arranged from top to bottom; the backlight is transmitted over the entire area of the reflective transmission layer 105, and ambient light is totally reflected in the reflective transmission layer.
上偏光片101的透过轴方向和下偏光片108的透过轴方向垂直，请参照图2所示进行理解；The transmission axis direction of the upper polarizer 101 is perpendicular to the transmission axis direction of the lower polarizer 108, and is understood as shown in FIG. 2;
上偏光片101的透过轴方向和上1/4波片偏光层102的光轴方向呈45度角，请参照图3所示进行理解，这里需要说明的是，这里与上偏光片101的透过轴方向呈45度角有三种可能性，(1)向左边的呈45度角，(2)向右边的呈45度角，(3)是这两种情况都同时存在；The transmission axis direction of the upper polarizer 101 and the optical axis direction of the upper quarter-wave plate polarizing layer 102 are at an angle of 45 degrees. Please refer to FIG. 3 for understanding. Here, it should be noted that the upper polarizer 101 is used here. There are three possibilities for a 45 degree angle through the axis, (1) a 45 degree angle to the left, and (2) a 45 degree angle to the right, (3) where both cases exist simultaneously;
下偏光片108的透过轴方向和下1/4波片偏光层107的光轴方向成45度角，这里需要说明的是，当上偏光片101的透过轴方向和上1/4波片偏光层102的光轴方向呈45度角从上述的三种可能性中确定之后，那么下偏光片108的透过轴方向和下1/4波片偏光层107的光轴方向呈45度角的可能性也就确定了，或者，当下偏光片108的透过轴方向和下1/4波片偏光层107的光轴方向呈45度角从三种可能性中确定之后，那么上偏光片101的透过轴方向和上1/4波片偏光层102的光轴方向呈45度角的可能性也就确定了；The transmission axis direction of the lower polarizer 108 is at an angle of 45 degrees with the optical axis direction of the lower quarter-wave plate polarizing layer 107. Here, it is necessary to explain the transmission axis direction and the upper quarter wave of the upper polarizer 101. After the optical axis direction of the sheet polarizing layer 102 is determined at an angle of 45 degrees from the above three possibilities, the transmission axis direction of the lower polarizer 108 and the optical axis direction of the lower quarter-wave plate polarizing layer 107 are 45 degrees. The possibility of the angle is also determined, or, when the transmission axis direction of the lower polarizer 108 and the optical axis direction of the lower quarter-wave plate polarizing layer 107 are determined at an angle of 45 degrees from among three possibilities, then the upper polarized light The possibility that the transmission axis direction of the sheet 101 and the optical axis direction of the upper quarter-wave plate polarizing layer 102 are at an angle of 45 degrees is also determined;
上1/4波片偏光层102的光轴方向与液晶层104的透过轴方向，以及与下 1/4波片偏光层107的光轴方向平行，因为根据图3所示，可以分为3中情况，那么，请参照图4a、图4b和图4c分别所示进行理解；用于控制进入显示装置的光线，调节显示装置的亮度。The optical axis direction of the upper quarter-wave plate polarizing layer 102 and the transmission axis direction of the liquid crystal layer 104, and the lower The optical axis direction of the 1/4 wave plate polarizing layer 107 is parallel. Since it can be divided into three cases according to FIG. 3, it is understood by referring to FIG. 4a, FIG. 4b, and FIG. 4c, respectively; The light of the display device is displayed to adjust the brightness of the display device.
需要说明的是，在电子工业中，背光是一种照明的形式，常被用于液晶显示器LCD(Liquid Crystal Display，LCD)显示上。背光式和环境光式不同之处在于背光是从侧边或是背后照射的光，而环境光，也可称为前光，是从前方照射的光。他们被用来增加在低光源环境中的照明度和电脑显示器、液晶荧幕上的亮度。It should be noted that in the electronic industry, the backlight is a form of illumination, which is often used in liquid crystal display (LCD) displays. The difference between backlight and ambient light is that the backlight is light that is illuminated from the side or the back, and ambient light, also called front light, is the light that is illuminated from the front. They are used to increase the illumination in low-light environments and the brightness of computer monitors and LCD screens.
液晶层104也可以视作一个偏振片，不过可以通过调节电压的大小来控制液晶层104对光线的偏振影响，使得液晶层104对光线的偏振影响达到最强或者最弱，或者在最强和最弱之间。当液晶层104对光线的偏振影响达到最弱时，可以忽略不计液晶层104对光线的偏振作用；当液晶层104对光线的偏振影响达到最强时，线偏振光经过液晶层104时，变为圆偏振光；当液晶层104对光线的偏振影响在最强和最弱之间时，线偏振光经过液晶层104时，变为椭圆偏振光，影响从最强变为最弱时，线偏振光经过液晶层后的光，也从圆偏振光变为椭圆偏振光，再变为线偏振光。The liquid crystal layer 104 can also be regarded as a polarizing plate, but the polarization effect of the liquid crystal layer 104 on the light can be controlled by adjusting the magnitude of the voltage, so that the polarization effect of the liquid crystal layer 104 on the light reaches the strongest or weakest, or is the strongest. Between the weakest. When the influence of the polarization of the liquid crystal layer 104 on the light is weakest, the polarization of the light of the liquid crystal layer 104 can be neglected; when the polarization of the liquid crystal layer 104 reaches the strongest, the linearly polarized light passes through the liquid crystal layer 104. It is circularly polarized light; when the polarization of the light of the liquid crystal layer 104 is between the strongest and the weakest, the linearly polarized light passes through the liquid crystal layer 104, becomes elliptically polarized light, and the influence changes from the strongest to the weakest. The light after the polarized light passes through the liquid crystal layer also changes from circularly polarized light to elliptically polarized light, and then becomes linearly polarized light.
一般来说，薄膜晶体管液晶显示(Thin Film Transistor Liquid Crystal Display,TFT-LCD)包括阵列基板103、液晶层104和彩膜基板106。其中，阵列基板103上形成有相互交叉定义出像素区域的栅线和数据线，在各种像素区域中形成有像素电极和薄膜晶体管等；彩膜基板106，也可称彩色滤光片(Color filter)，可形成有黑矩阵和彩色滤光层。阵列基板106和彩膜基板103之间的液晶层104在不同电压的作用下产生不同的转动来达到显示的明暗，配合彩膜基板的彩色滤光层，就可达到彩色图像的显示效果。而在本发明技术方案中，在液晶层和阵列基板之间增加了一层反射透射层105。In general, a Thin Film Transistor Liquid Crystal Display (TFT-LCD) includes an array substrate 103, a liquid crystal layer 104, and a color filter substrate 106. The array substrate 103 is formed with gate lines and data lines defining pixel regions, and pixel electrodes and thin film transistors are formed in various pixel regions. The color filter substrate 106 may also be referred to as a color filter (Color). Filter), a black matrix and a color filter layer can be formed. The liquid crystal layer 104 between the array substrate 106 and the color filter substrate 103 generates different rotations under different voltages to achieve the brightness of the display, and the color filter layer of the color filter substrate can achieve the display effect of the color image. In the technical solution of the present invention, a reflective transmission layer 105 is added between the liquid crystal layer and the array substrate.
这里所说的上1/4波片偏光层和下1/4波片偏光层是四分之一波片。其中，当光法向入射透过时，寻常光(o光)和非常光(e光)之间的位相差等于π/2或其奇数倍，这样的晶片称为四分之一波片或1/4波片。The upper quarter-wave plate polarizing layer and the lower quarter-wave plate polarizing layer referred to herein are quarter-wave plates. Wherein, when the light normal transmission is transmitted, the phase difference between the ordinary light (o light) and the extraordinary light (e light) is equal to π/2 or an odd multiple thereof, and such a wafer is called a quarter wave plate or 1 /4 wave plate.
在本发明实施例中，现有技术中显示装置常见的是半透半反的结构，即显 示单元的部分面积是用来环境光发生反射的，另一部分面积是用来背光发生透射的，而在本发明实施例中，在反射透射层可以发生全反射的面积不作限定，背光发生透射的面积是整个反射透射层的面积，即在整个反射透射层上背光都可以发生透射，那么，相对于现有技术来说，发生透射的光线多了，显示装置的亮度也就对应提高了。In the embodiment of the present invention, the display device in the prior art is generally a transflective structure, that is, The partial area of the display unit is used for the ambient light to be reflected, and the other part of the area is used for the backlight to be transmitted. In the embodiment of the present invention, the area where the reflective transmission layer can be totally reflected is not limited, and the backlight is transmitted. The area is the area of the entire reflective transmission layer, that is, the backlight can be transmitted through the entire reflective transmission layer. Then, compared with the prior art, more light is transmitted, and the brightness of the display device is correspondingly increased.
进一步的，请参阅图5所示，为本发明实施例中提供的反射透射层105的结构示意图。Further, please refer to FIG. 5 , which is a schematic structural diagram of a reflective transmission layer 105 provided in an embodiment of the present invention.
反射透射层105又包括：入射层1051，折射层1052和反射层1053。The reflective transmission layer 105 further includes an incident layer 1051, a refractive layer 1052, and a reflective layer 1053.
入射层1051位于折射层1052的上方，折射层1052位于反射层1053的上方，其中，环境光从入射层1051射入，在折射层1052发生折射的光线在反射层1053发生全反射。The incident layer 1051 is located above the refractive layer 1052, and the refractive layer 1052 is located above the reflective layer 1053, wherein ambient light is incident from the incident layer 1051, and light refracted at the refractive layer 1052 is totally reflected at the reflective layer 1053.
在本发明实施例中，提供了显示装置的反射透射层的结构示意图，示出了光线发生全反射的原理。In the embodiment of the present invention, a schematic structural view of a reflective transmission layer of a display device is provided, showing the principle of total reflection of light.
可选的，折射层1052制作成棱形结构，棱形结构的倾斜面与反射层1053形成的角度为A；请参阅图6所示，环境光从入射层1051射入，在折射层1052发生折射的光线在反射层1053发生全反射，满足以下关系式：Optionally, the refractive layer 1052 is formed into a prismatic structure, and the inclined surface of the prismatic structure forms an angle with the reflective layer 1053. Referring to FIG. 6, ambient light is incident from the incident layer 1051 and occurs in the refractive layer 1052. The refracted light is totally reflected at the reflective layer 1053 and satisfies the following relationship:
(n2/n1)2＞2(1+cosA)/sin2A，其中，入射层1051和反射层1053的折射率相同，为n1，n2为折射层1052的折射率，所述折射层的折射率n2大于所述反射层的折射率n1。(n 2 /n 1 ) 2 >2(1+cosA)/sin 2 A, wherein the incident layer 1051 and the reflective layer 1053 have the same refractive index, n 1 , and n 2 is the refractive index of the refractive layer 1052. The refractive index n 2 of the refractive layer is greater than the refractive index n 1 of the reflective layer.
在本发明实施例中，提供了环境光在反射透射层发生全反射所满足的关系式，提供了一个可实行的方案。In an embodiment of the invention, a relationship is provided that satisfies the total reflection of ambient light in the reflective transmission layer, providing an implementable solution.
可选的，折射层1052的折射率n2大于反射层1053的折射率n1。Optionally, the refractive index n 2 of the refractive layer 1052 is greater than the refractive index n 1 of the reflective layer 1053.
在本发明实施例中，提供了光线发生全反射的条件之一，即光线需从光密介质到光疏介质。In the embodiment of the present invention, one of the conditions for total reflection of light is provided, that is, the light needs to be from the optically dense medium to the light-diffusing medium.
可选的，n2/n1的比值大于第一阈值；角度A大于第二阈值。Optionally, the ratio of n 2 /n 1 is greater than the first threshold; the angle A is greater than the second threshold.
在本发明实施例中，由上述公式得知，优选n2/n1的值较大的材料，并且角度A优选大一些的角度，当n2/n1的值越大时，角度A的取值范围相对灵活一些。In the embodiment of the present invention, it is known from the above formula that a material having a larger value of n 2 /n 1 is preferable, and an angle A is preferably a larger angle, and when the value of n 2 /n 1 is larger, the angle A is The range of values is relatively flexible.
可选的，角度A满足：当n1＝n3时，角度A满足：A＞2arcsin(n1/n2)。Optionally, the angle A satisfies: when n 1 =n 3 , the angle A satisfies: A>2arcsin(n 1 /n 2 ).
需要说明的是，当n1≠n3时，A＞arcsin(n1/n2)+arcsin(n3/n2)，其中，n1为入射 层的折射率，n2为折射层的折射率，n3为反射层的折射率。由如图5得知，角度A的取值范围为
Figure PCTCN2016082465-appb-000001
在实际应用中，角度A的取值一般大于60度。It should be noted that when n 1 ≠n 3 , A>arcsin(n 1 /n 2 )+arcsin(n 3 /n 2 ), where n 1 is the refractive index of the incident layer, and n 2 is the refractive layer. The refractive index, n 3 is the refractive index of the reflective layer. As seen in Figure 5, the range of angle A is
Figure PCTCN2016082465-appb-000001
In practical applications, the value of the angle A is generally greater than 60 degrees.
可选的，所述背光从所述反射层1053射入，通过所述折射层1052，从所述入射层1051射出。Optionally, the backlight is incident from the reflective layer 1053, and is emitted from the incident layer 1051 through the refractive layer 1052.
可选的，入射层1051的材料包括：树脂材料或者氮化硅。其中，树脂材料或者氮化硅具有低折射率高透过率。Optionally, the material of the incident layer 1051 includes: a resin material or silicon nitride. Among them, the resin material or silicon nitride has a low refractive index and a high transmittance.
可选的，折射层1052的材料包括：金属氧化物，金属氧化物具有高折射率高透过率，折射层的高折射率使得环境光更容易发生全反射。Optionally, the material of the refractive layer 1052 includes: a metal oxide having a high refractive index and a high transmittance, and a high refractive index of the refractive layer makes the ambient light more susceptible to total reflection.
可选的，反射层1053的材料，一般来说，和入射层的材料相同，也是具有低折射率高透过率树脂材料或者氮化硅。Optionally, the material of the reflective layer 1053 is generally the same as the material of the incident layer, and is also a resin material having low refractive index and high transmittance or silicon nitride.
可选的，液晶层104，用于调节液晶层的电压，控制显示装置的亮度。Optionally, the liquid crystal layer 104 is configured to adjust a voltage of the liquid crystal layer to control brightness of the display device.
下面对该显示装置显示的亮度最亮和最暗的具体过程进行说明：The following describes the specific process of the brightest and darkest display of the display device:
一、该显示装置显示的亮度最亮。1. The display device displays the brightest brightness.
环境光光路如图7所示：The ambient light path is shown in Figure 7:
(1)环境光，也就是通常所说的阳光，经过上偏光片101后，进入的光线是与上偏光片101的透过轴方向相同的光线，为线偏振光a；(1) ambient light, also known as sunlight, after passing through the upper polarizer 101, the incoming light is the same direction as the transmission axis direction of the upper polarizer 101, which is linearly polarized light a;
(2)线偏振光a之后经过上1/4波片偏光层102，变为圆偏振光b，需要说明的是，这是一个物理原理，当光线的入射方向与上1/4波片偏光层102的光轴方向呈45度角时，透过上1/4波片偏光层102的光线就变为圆偏振光了，这里显示装置之前设定的上偏光片101的透过轴方向与上1/4波片偏光层102的光轴方向是呈45度角的，所以，线偏振光a经过上1/4波片偏光层102后变为圆偏振光b。圆偏振光b再经过彩膜基板103后，对光线的偏振方向不产生影响，还是圆偏振光b，所以，在图7中未示出彩膜基板103；(2) After the linearly polarized light a passes through the upper quarter-wave plate polarizing layer 102, it becomes circularly polarized light b. It should be noted that this is a physical principle when the incident direction of the light and the upper quarter-wave plate are polarized. When the optical axis direction of the layer 102 is at an angle of 45 degrees, the light transmitted through the upper quarter-wave plate polarizing layer 102 becomes circularly polarized light. Here, the transmission axis direction of the upper polarizer 101 set before the display device is Since the optical axis direction of the upper quarter-wave plate polarizing layer 102 is at an angle of 45 degrees, the linearly polarized light a passes through the upper quarter-wave plate polarizing layer 102 and becomes circularly polarized light b. After the circularly polarized light b passes through the color filter substrate 103, it does not affect the polarization direction of the light, or is circularly polarized light b, so the color filter substrate 103 is not shown in FIG. 7;
(3)圆偏振光b再经过液晶层104后又变为线偏振光c，需要说明的是，圆偏振光经过偏振片变为线偏振光没有角度的要求，即圆偏振光的方向与液晶层的透过轴方向是没有要求的，圆偏振光经过液晶层104后变为线偏振光c；(3) The circularly polarized light b passes through the liquid crystal layer 104 and becomes linearly polarized light c. It should be noted that the circularly polarized light passes through the polarizing plate and becomes linearly polarized without the requirement of angle, that is, the direction of the circularly polarized light and the liquid crystal. The direction of the transmission axis of the layer is not required, the circularly polarized light passes through the liquid crystal layer 104 and becomes linearly polarized light c;
(4)线偏振光c在反射透射层105发生全反射时，光线的偏振方向变换180度，变为线偏振光d，所以，如图8所示，光线的方向没有改变； (4) When the linearly polarized light c is totally reflected by the reflective transmission layer 105, the polarization direction of the light is changed by 180 degrees to become linearly polarized light d. Therefore, as shown in FIG. 8, the direction of the light does not change;
(5)此后线偏振光d经过液晶层104变为圆偏振光e，因为之前设定的液晶层104的透过轴方向与上1/4波片偏光层107的透过轴方向平行，而线偏振光d的方向没有改变，那么，线偏振光d的方向与液晶层104的透过轴方向是呈45度的，所以，线偏振光d经过液晶层104后变为圆偏振光e。这里液晶层104对线偏振光d的影响最大，变为圆偏振光，具体可以通过调节液晶层的电压来控制液晶层对线偏振光的影响，影响最大时，变为圆偏振光，影响最小时，理想状态下，可认为对光线的偏振没有影响，忽略不计，影响在最大和最小之间时，经过液晶层的线偏振光变为椭圆偏振光。当圆偏振光e再经过彩膜基板103时，彩膜基板对光线的偏振不产生影响；(5) Thereafter, the linearly polarized light d becomes circularly polarized light e through the liquid crystal layer 104 because the transmission axis direction of the previously set liquid crystal layer 104 is parallel to the transmission axis direction of the upper quarter-wave plate polarizing layer 107, and Since the direction of the linearly polarized light d does not change, the direction of the linearly polarized light d is 45 degrees with respect to the transmission axis direction of the liquid crystal layer 104. Therefore, the linearly polarized light d passes through the liquid crystal layer 104 and becomes circularly polarized light e. Here, the liquid crystal layer 104 has the greatest influence on the linearly polarized light d, and becomes circularly polarized light. Specifically, the influence of the liquid crystal layer on the linearly polarized light can be controlled by adjusting the voltage of the liquid crystal layer. When the influence is maximum, it becomes circularly polarized light, which has the most influence. Hours, ideally, can be considered to have no effect on the polarization of the light, negligible, affecting between the maximum and minimum, the linearly polarized light passing through the liquid crystal layer becomes elliptically polarized light. When the circularly polarized light e passes through the color filter substrate 103, the color filter substrate does not affect the polarization of the light;
(6)圆偏振光e再经过上1/4波片偏光层102后又变为线偏振光f，因为圆偏振光经过偏振片变为线偏振光是没有角度要求的。(6) The circularly polarized light e passes through the upper quarter-wave plate polarizing layer 102 and becomes linearly polarized light f, since the circularly polarized light passes through the polarizing plate to become linearly polarized light without angle requirement.
(7)此时，线偏振光f的偏振角度和上偏光片101的透过轴方向平行，所以，线偏振光f可以全部从上偏光片101射出。(7) At this time, since the polarization angle of the linearly polarized light f is parallel to the transmission axis direction of the upper polarizer 101, all of the linearly polarized light f can be emitted from the upper polarizer 101.
背光光路如图8所示：The backlight path is shown in Figure 8:
(1)背光，即背光发出的光线经过下偏光片108为线偏振光m，线偏振光m是与下偏光片108的透过轴方向相同的光线；(1) backlight, that is, the light emitted by the backlight passes through the lower polarizer 108 as linearly polarized light m, and the linearly polarized light m is the same light direction as the transmission axis direction of the lower polarizer 108;
(2)线偏振光m经过下1/4波片偏光层107变为圆偏振光n，需要说明的是，这是一个物理原理，当光线的入射方向与下1/4波片偏光层107的光轴方向呈45度角时，透过下1/4波片偏光层107的光线就变为圆偏振光了，这里显示装置之前设定的下偏光片108的透过轴方向与下1/4波片偏光层107的光轴方向是呈45度角的，所以，线偏振光m经过下1/4波片偏光层107后变为圆偏振光n。(2) The linearly polarized light m becomes circularly polarized light n through the lower quarter-wave plate polarizing layer 107. It should be noted that this is a physical principle when the incident direction of the light and the lower quarter-wave plate polarizing layer 107 When the optical axis direction is at an angle of 45 degrees, the light transmitted through the lower quarter-wave plate polarizing layer 107 becomes circularly polarized light. Here, the transmission axis direction of the lower polarizer 108 set before the display device is lower and the lower one. Since the optical axis direction of the /4 wave plate polarizing layer 107 is at an angle of 45 degrees, the linearly polarized light m passes through the lower quarter-wave plate polarizing layer 107 and becomes circularly polarized light n.
圆偏振光n再经过阵列基板106，阵列基板对光线的偏振不产生影响，所以，在图8中省略阵列基板106，没有示出；The circularly polarized light n passes through the array substrate 106, and the array substrate does not affect the polarization of the light. Therefore, the array substrate 106 is omitted in FIG. 8 and is not shown;
圆偏振光n再依次经过反射透射层105，直接透过，还是圆偏振光n，所以，在图8中未示出反射透射层105；The circularly polarized light n is sequentially passed through the reflective transmission layer 105, directly transmitted, or circularly polarized light n, so the reflective transmission layer 105 is not shown in FIG. 8;
(3)圆偏振光n再经过液晶层104变为线偏振光o，需要说明的是，这里液晶层虽然也可视作一个偏振片，但是，圆偏振光经过偏振片变为线偏振光 是没有限定的；(3) The circularly polarized light n passes through the liquid crystal layer 104 to become linearly polarized light o. It should be noted that although the liquid crystal layer can also be regarded as a polarizing plate, the circularly polarized light passes through the polarizing plate to become linearly polarized light. There is no limit;
线偏振光o经过彩膜基板103时，彩膜基板对光线的偏振不产生影响，所以，在图8中未示出彩膜基板；When the linearly polarized light o passes through the color filter substrate 103, the color filter substrate does not affect the polarization of the light, and therefore, the color filter substrate is not shown in FIG. 8;
(4)线偏振光o经过上1/4波片偏光层102后为圆偏振光p，这里是因为之前设定的，上1/4波片偏光层的光轴方向与液晶层的透过轴方向，以及与下1/4波片偏光层的光轴方向平行，所以，线偏振光o的方向与上1/4波片偏光层102的光轴方向呈45度角，经过上1/4波片偏光层102后就变为圆偏振光p；(4) The linearly polarized light o is circularly polarized light p after passing through the upper quarter-wave plate polarizing layer 102. Here, because of the previously set, the optical axis direction of the upper quarter-wave plate polarizing layer and the liquid crystal layer are transmitted. The axial direction is parallel to the optical axis direction of the lower quarter-wave plate polarizing layer. Therefore, the direction of the linearly polarized light o is at an angle of 45 degrees to the optical axis direction of the upper quarter-wave plate polarizing layer 102. After the 4 wave plate polarizing layer 102 becomes circularly polarized light p;
(5)圆偏振光p经过上偏光片101透出，因为圆偏振光经过偏振片变为线偏振光是没有限定的。(5) The circularly polarized light p is transmitted through the upper polarizer 101 because the circularly polarized light passes through the polarizing plate to become linearly polarized light, which is not limited.
因此，在本发明实施例中，由于环境光的反射，和背光的透射，一起决定了显示装置显示的亮度，当线偏振光f和圆偏振光p都从上偏光片101射出时，显示装置的亮度达到最亮。Therefore, in the embodiment of the present invention, the brightness of the display device is determined together with the reflection of the ambient light and the transmission of the backlight. When both the linearly polarized light f and the circularly polarized light p are emitted from the upper polarizer 101, the display device The brightness is the brightest.
需要说明的是，该显示装置包括的其他部分，例如彩膜基板103、阵列基板106等，因为在该过程中对光线的偏振方向不产生影响，所以在此没有赘述。但是，没示出的其他部分，不代表不存在，他们只是对光线的偏振不产生影响，在整个显示装置中还是起到对应的作用。在本发明实施例中，液晶层对光的偏振影响最大，可以通过调节液晶层的电压来实现，在前述的内容中已有说明。It should be noted that other parts included in the display device, such as the color film substrate 103, the array substrate 106, and the like, are not described herein because they do not affect the polarization direction of the light in the process. However, other parts not shown do not mean that they do not exist. They only affect the polarization of the light and play a corresponding role in the entire display device. In the embodiment of the present invention, the liquid crystal layer has the greatest influence on the polarization of light, and can be realized by adjusting the voltage of the liquid crystal layer, which has been described in the foregoing.
二、该显示装置显示的亮度最暗。2. The display device displays the darkest brightness.
环境光光路如图9所示：The ambient light path is shown in Figure 9:
(1)环境光，也就是通常所说的环境光，即阳光，经过上偏光片101后，进入的光线是与上偏光片101的透过轴方向相同的光线，为线偏振光a；(1) ambient light, also known as ambient light, that is, sunlight, after passing through the upper polarizer 101, the incoming light is the same direction as the transmission axis direction of the upper polarizer 101, which is linearly polarized light a;
(2)线偏振光a之后经过上1/4波片偏光层102，进入的光线是与上1/4波片偏光层102的光轴方向呈45度的光线，变为圆偏振光b，这里需要说明的是，圆偏振光b经过彩膜基板103时，对光线的偏振方向没有影响，所以，图9中没有示出彩膜基板103，而经过液晶层104时，液晶层虽然也可视作一个偏振片，但是，因为这里说明的是显示装置的亮度最暗的情况，那么，即通过调节液晶层104的电压，使得液晶层104对光线的偏振方向没有影响，所以，在图9中也没有示出液晶层104； (2) After the linearly polarized light a passes through the upper quarter-wave plate polarizing layer 102, the incoming light is 45 degrees light from the optical axis direction of the upper quarter-wave plate polarizing layer 102, and becomes circularly polarized light b. It should be noted that when the circularly polarized light b passes through the color filter substrate 103, it has no influence on the polarization direction of the light. Therefore, the color filter substrate 103 is not shown in FIG. 9, and the liquid crystal layer is visible even when passing through the liquid crystal layer 104. As a polarizing plate, however, since the case where the brightness of the display device is the darkest is explained, the liquid crystal layer 104 has no influence on the polarization direction of the light by adjusting the voltage of the liquid crystal layer 104, so, in FIG. Also does not show the liquid crystal layer 104;
(3)圆偏振光b再经过反射透射层105发生全反射后，光线的偏振方向变换180度，变为圆偏振光c，光线的方向改变，而圆偏振光c在反射回去的时候，经过液晶层104和彩膜基板103，同样，对光线的偏振不产生影响；(3) After the circularly polarized light b is totally reflected by the reflective transmission layer 105, the polarization direction of the light is changed by 180 degrees to become circularly polarized light c, and the direction of the light changes, and the circularly polarized light c passes through when it is reflected back. The liquid crystal layer 104 and the color filter substrate 103, as well, have no influence on the polarization of light;
(4)圆偏振光c再经过上1/4波片偏光层102，变为线偏振光d，因为圆偏振光经过偏振片变为线偏振光是没有角度要求的，此时，线偏振光d的偏振方向和上偏光片101的透过方向相反，线偏振光d无法透出。(4) The circularly polarized light c passes through the upper quarter-wave plate polarizing layer 102 and becomes linearly polarized light d. Since the circularly polarized light passes through the polarizing plate to become linearly polarized light, there is no angle requirement. At this time, the linearly polarized light The polarization direction of d is opposite to the transmission direction of the upper polarizer 101, and the linearly polarized light d cannot be transmitted.
背光光路如图10所示：The backlight path is shown in Figure 10:
(1)背光，即背光发出的光线经过下偏光片108变为线偏振光m，线偏振光m是与下偏光片108的透过轴方向相同的光线；(1) backlight, that is, light emitted from the backlight passes through the lower polarizer 108 to become linearly polarized light m, and the linearly polarized light m is the same light direction as the transmission axis direction of the lower polarizer 108;
(2)线偏振光m再经过下1/4波片偏光层107变为圆偏振光n，圆偏振光n是与下1/4波片偏光层107的光轴方向呈45度角的光线，这里需要说明的是，圆偏振光n经过阵列基板106时，对光线的偏振方向没有影响，所以，图10中没有示出阵列基板106，经过反射透射层105时，圆偏振光n直接透过，而经过液晶层104时，液晶层虽然也可视作一个偏振片，但是，因为这里说明的是显示装置的亮度最暗的情况，那么，即通过调节液晶层104的电压，使得液晶层104对光线的偏振方向没有影响，所以，在图10中也没有示出反射透射层105和液晶层104，同样的，彩膜基板103也是对光线的偏振方向没有影响，所以，图10中也未示出彩膜基板103；(2) The linearly polarized light m is further changed to circularly polarized light n through the lower quarter-wave plate polarizing layer 107, and the circularly polarized light n is a light beam at an angle of 45 degrees with respect to the optical axis direction of the lower quarter-wave plate polarizing layer 107. It should be noted that when the circularly polarized light n passes through the array substrate 106, it has no influence on the polarization direction of the light. Therefore, the array substrate 106 is not shown in FIG. 10, and the circularly polarized light n is directly transmitted through the reflective transmission layer 105. However, when passing through the liquid crystal layer 104, the liquid crystal layer can be regarded as a polarizing plate. However, since the brightness of the display device is the darkest, the liquid crystal layer is adjusted by adjusting the voltage of the liquid crystal layer 104. 104 has no influence on the polarization direction of the light. Therefore, the reflection transmission layer 105 and the liquid crystal layer 104 are not shown in FIG. 10. Similarly, the color filter substrate 103 has no influence on the polarization direction of the light, and therefore, FIG. 10 also The color film substrate 103 is not shown;
(3)圆偏振光n再经过上1/4波片偏光层102后又变为为线偏振光o，因为圆偏振光经过偏振片变为线偏振光是没有角度要求的；(3) The circularly polarized light n passes through the upper quarter-wave plate polarizing layer 102 and becomes linearly polarized light o, since the circularly polarized light passes through the polarizing plate to become linearly polarized light without angle requirement;
(4)此时，线偏振光o的偏振方向和上偏振片101的透过方向垂直，线偏振光o不能透出。(4) At this time, the polarization direction of the linearly polarized light o is perpendicular to the transmission direction of the upper polarizing plate 101, and the linearly polarized light o cannot be transmitted.
在本发明实施例中，因为显示装置的亮度是由反射光的反射和背光的透射来决定的，这里当线偏振光d和线偏振光o都不能从上偏振片101透出时，显示装置的亮度达到最暗。In the embodiment of the present invention, since the brightness of the display device is determined by the reflection of the reflected light and the transmission of the backlight, when neither the linearly polarized light d nor the linearly polarized light o can be seen from the upper polarizing plate 101, the display device The brightness is the darkest.
需要说明的是，该显示装置包括的其他部分，例如彩膜基板103、阵列基板106等，因为在该过程中对光线的偏振方向不产生影响，所以在此没有赘述。但是，没示出的其他部分，不代表不存在，他们只是对光线的偏振不产生影响， 在整个显示装置中还是起到对应的作用。It should be noted that other parts included in the display device, such as the color film substrate 103, the array substrate 106, and the like, are not described herein because they do not affect the polarization direction of the light in the process. However, other parts not shown do not mean that they do not exist, they only affect the polarization of light. It also plays a corresponding role in the entire display device.
本发明的说明书和权利要求书及上述附图中的术语“第一”、“第二”、“第三”、“第四”等(如果存在)是用于区别类似的对象，而不必用于描述特定的顺序或先后次序。应该理解这样使用的数据在适当情况下可以互换，以便这里描述的实施例能够以除了在这里图示或描述的内容以外的顺序实施。此外，术语“包括”和“具有”以及他们的任何变形，意图在于覆盖不排他的包含，例如，包含了一系列步骤或单元的过程、方法、系统、产品或设备不必限于清楚地列出的那些步骤或单元，而是可包括没有清楚地列出的或对于这些过程、方法、产品或设备固有的其它步骤或单元。 The terms "first", "second", "third", "fourth", etc. (if present) in the specification and claims of the present invention and the above figures are used to distinguish similar objects without having to use To describe a specific order or order. It is to be understood that the data so used may be interchanged where appropriate so that the embodiments described herein can be implemented in a sequence other than what is illustrated or described herein. In addition, the terms "comprises" and "comprises" and "the" and "the" are intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion, for example, a process, method, system, product, or device that comprises a series of steps or units is not necessarily limited to Those steps or units may include other steps or units not explicitly listed or inherent to such processes, methods, products or devices.

Claims (10)

  1. 一种显示装置，其特征在于，包括：A display device, comprising:
    上偏光片，上1/4波片偏光层，彩膜基板，液晶层，反射透射层，阵列基板，下1/4波片偏光层和下偏光片；Upper polarizer, upper quarter-wave polarizing layer, color film substrate, liquid crystal layer, reflective transmission layer, array substrate, lower quarter-wave plate polarizing layer and lower polarizer;
    所述上偏光片，所述上1/4波片偏光层，所述彩膜基板，所述液晶层，所述反射透射层，所述阵列基板，所述下1/4波片偏光层和所述下偏光片依次从上到下排布；The upper polarizer, the upper 1/4 wave plate polarizing layer, the color film substrate, the liquid crystal layer, the reflective transmission layer, the array substrate, the lower quarter wave plate polarizing layer and The lower polarizer is sequentially arranged from top to bottom;
    背光在所述反射透射层的全部面积上发生透射，环境光在所述反射透射层发生全反射。The backlight is transmitted over the entire area of the reflective transmission layer, and ambient light is totally reflected at the reflective transmission layer.
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的显示装置，其特征在于，The display device according to claim 1, wherein
    所述反射透射层包括入射层，折射层和反射层；The reflective transmission layer includes an incident layer, a refractive layer and a reflective layer;
    所述入射层、所述折射层和所述反射层依次排布，其中，所述环境光从所述入射层射入，在所述折射层发生折射的光线在所述反射层发生全反射。The incident layer, the refractive layer, and the reflective layer are sequentially arranged, wherein the ambient light is incident from the incident layer, and light refracted at the refractive layer is totally reflected in the reflective layer.
  3. 根据权利要求2所述的显示装置，其特征在于，The display device according to claim 2, wherein
    所述折射层制作成棱形结构，所述棱形结构的倾斜面与所述反射层形成的角度为A；The refractive layer is formed into a prismatic structure, the angle formed by the inclined surface of the prismatic structure and the reflective layer is A;
    所述环境光从所述入射层射入，在所述折射层发生折射的光线在所述反射层发生全反射，满足以下关系式：The ambient light is incident from the incident layer, and the light refracted in the refractive layer is totally reflected in the reflective layer, satisfying the following relationship:
    (n2/n1)2＞2(1+cos A)/sin2A，其中，所述入射层和所述反射层的折射率相同，为n1，n2为所述折射层的折射率，所述折射层的折射率n2大于所述反射层的折射率n1。(n 2 /n 1 ) 2 >2(1+cos A)/sin 2 A, wherein the incident layer and the reflective layer have the same refractive index, n 1 , and n 2 is a refraction of the refractive layer The refractive index n 2 of the refractive layer is greater than the refractive index n 1 of the reflective layer.
  4. 根据权利要求3所述的显示装置，其特征在于，The display device according to claim 3, wherein
    所述角度A满足：A＞2arcsin(n1/n2)。The angle A satisfies: A>2arcsin(n 1 /n 2 ).
  5. 根据权利要求2所述的显示装置，其特征在于，The display device according to claim 2, wherein
    所述背光从所述反射层射入，通过所述折射层，从所述入射层射出。The backlight is incident from the reflective layer and is emitted from the incident layer through the refractive layer.
  6. 根据权利要求1-5任一所述的显示装置，其特征在于，A display device according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that
    所述上偏光片的透过轴方向和所述下偏光片的透过轴方向垂直，所述上偏光片的透过轴方向和上1/4波片偏光层的光轴方向呈45度角，所述下偏光片的透过轴方向和下1/4波片偏光层的光轴方向呈45度角，所述上1/4波片偏光 层的光轴方向与所述液晶层的透过轴方向，以及与所述下1/4波片偏光层的光轴方向平行，用于控制进入所述显示装置的光线，用于控制进入所述显示装置的光线，调节显示装置的亮度。The transmission axis direction of the upper polarizer is perpendicular to the transmission axis direction of the lower polarizer, and the transmission axis direction of the upper polarizer is at an angle of 45 degrees to the optical axis direction of the upper quarter-wave plate polarizing layer. The transmission axis direction of the lower polarizer is at an angle of 45 degrees to the optical axis direction of the lower quarter-wave plate polarizing layer, and the upper quarter-wave plate is polarized. The optical axis direction of the layer is parallel to the transmission axis direction of the liquid crystal layer and the optical axis direction of the lower quarter-wave plate polarizing layer for controlling light entering the display device for controlling access The light of the display device is displayed to adjust the brightness of the display device.
  7. 根据权利要求1-6任一所述的显示装置，其特征在于，所述入射层的材料包括：树脂材料或者氮化硅。The display device according to any one of claims 1 to 6, wherein the material of the incident layer comprises: a resin material or silicon nitride.
  8. 根据权利要求1-7任一所述的显示装置，其特征在于，所述反射层的材料包括：所述树脂材料或者所述氮化硅。The display device according to any one of claims 1 to 7, wherein the material of the reflective layer comprises: the resin material or the silicon nitride.
  9. 根据权利要求1-8任一所述的显示装置，其特征在于，所述折射层的材料包括：金属氧化物。The display device according to any one of claims 1 to 8, wherein the material of the refractive layer comprises: a metal oxide.
  10. 根据权利要求1-9任一所述的显示装置，其特征在于，A display device according to any one of claims 1-9, characterized in that
    所述液晶层，用于调节所述液晶层的电压，控制显示装置的亮度。 The liquid crystal layer is configured to adjust a voltage of the liquid crystal layer to control brightness of the display device.
PCT/CN2016/082465 2016-05-18 2016-05-18 Display device WO2017197595A1 (en)

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