WO2017194535A1 - A production material suitable for use in a 3d printing device - Google Patents

A production material suitable for use in a 3d printing device Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2017194535A1
WO2017194535A1 PCT/EP2017/061046 EP2017061046W WO2017194535A1 WO 2017194535 A1 WO2017194535 A1 WO 2017194535A1 EP 2017061046 W EP2017061046 W EP 2017061046W WO 2017194535 A1 WO2017194535 A1 WO 2017194535A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
production
production material
printing device
metal
disposed
Prior art date
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Ceased
Application number
PCT/EP2017/061046
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French (fr)
Inventor
Alper YESILCUBUK
Hakan OZKAN
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Arcelik AS
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Arcelik AS
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Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Arcelik AS filed Critical Arcelik AS
Publication of WO2017194535A1 publication Critical patent/WO2017194535A1/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Ceased legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C64/00—Additive manufacturing, i.e. manufacturing of three-dimensional [3D] objects by additive deposition, additive agglomeration or additive layering, e.g. by 3D printing, stereolithography or selective laser sintering
    • B29C64/10—Processes of additive manufacturing
    • B29C64/106—Processes of additive manufacturing using only liquids or viscous materials, e.g. depositing a continuous bead of viscous material
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
    • B22F1/00—Metallic powder; Treatment of metallic powder, e.g. to facilitate working or to improve properties
    • B22F1/10—Metallic powder containing lubricating or binding agents; Metallic powder containing organic material
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
    • B22F10/00—Additive manufacturing of workpieces or articles from metallic powder
    • B22F10/10—Formation of a green body
    • B22F10/18—Formation of a green body by mixing binder with metal in filament form, e.g. fused filament fabrication [FFF]
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C64/00—Additive manufacturing, i.e. manufacturing of three-dimensional [3D] objects by additive deposition, additive agglomeration or additive layering, e.g. by 3D printing, stereolithography or selective laser sintering
    • B29C64/10—Processes of additive manufacturing
    • B29C64/106—Processes of additive manufacturing using only liquids or viscous materials, e.g. depositing a continuous bead of viscous material
    • B29C64/118—Processes of additive manufacturing using only liquids or viscous materials, e.g. depositing a continuous bead of viscous material using filamentary material being melted, e.g. fused deposition modelling [FDM]
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C64/00—Additive manufacturing, i.e. manufacturing of three-dimensional [3D] objects by additive deposition, additive agglomeration or additive layering, e.g. by 3D printing, stereolithography or selective laser sintering
    • B29C64/20—Apparatus for additive manufacturing; Details thereof or accessories therefor
    • B29C64/205—Means for applying layers
    • B29C64/209—Heads; Nozzles
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B33—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING TECHNOLOGY
    • B33Y—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING, i.e. MANUFACTURING OF THREE-DIMENSIONAL [3D] OBJECTS BY ADDITIVE DEPOSITION, ADDITIVE AGGLOMERATION OR ADDITIVE LAYERING, e.g. BY 3D PRINTING, STEREOLITHOGRAPHY OR SELECTIVE LASER SINTERING
    • B33Y30/00—Apparatus for additive manufacturing; Details thereof or accessories therefor
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B33—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING TECHNOLOGY
    • B33Y—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING, i.e. MANUFACTURING OF THREE-DIMENSIONAL [3D] OBJECTS BY ADDITIVE DEPOSITION, ADDITIVE AGGLOMERATION OR ADDITIVE LAYERING, e.g. BY 3D PRINTING, STEREOLITHOGRAPHY OR SELECTIVE LASER SINTERING
    • B33Y70/00—Materials specially adapted for additive manufacturing
    • B33Y70/10—Composites of different types of material, e.g. mixtures of ceramics and polymers or mixtures of metals and biomaterials
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
    • B22F1/00—Metallic powder; Treatment of metallic powder, e.g. to facilitate working or to improve properties
    • B22F1/14—Treatment of metallic powder
    • B22F1/148—Agglomerating
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
    • B22F10/00—Additive manufacturing of workpieces or articles from metallic powder
    • B22F10/40—Structures for supporting workpieces or articles during manufacture and removed afterwards
    • B22F10/43—Structures for supporting workpieces or articles during manufacture and removed afterwards characterised by material
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
    • B22F2999/00—Aspects linked to processes or compositions used in powder metallurgy
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
    • Y02P10/00—Technologies related to metal processing
    • Y02P10/25—Process efficiency

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a production material suitable for use in a 3D printing device.
  • 3D printers With the advance of production technology, 3D printers have become an important production tool. 3D printers produce an exactly identical copy of a 3D solid object modeled in a computer. Due to the use of different materials in production depending on the choice of the user, different products can be obtained. One of the materials mostly used today is metal and the other polymer. Production in 3D printers is based on processing the raw material in layers. In polymer-based systems, the material can be in powder or filament form. The raw materials in powder form are spread on a base and cured by laser to form the layers. The layers are formed one after another in this manner so as to produce the end product. The raw materials in filament form, on the other hand, are melted by means of a heating system so as to form the layers.
  • the raw material can be only in powder form.
  • the metal powders are spread on the base.
  • the spread powders are sintered by methods such as laser, electron beam, controlled atmosphere or vacuuming depending on the choice of the user.
  • Another method is to perform the sintering operation by heating the metal powders to the melting temperature while being sprayed from a nozzle. Since the melting temperature of the metal powders is high, problems may occur in the course of melting.
  • the metals can be used only in powder form, a metal raw material cannot be used in 3D printers that use raw materials in filament form.
  • the aim of the present invention is the realization of a production material that is suitable for use in 3D printing devices with expanded usage area, providing ease of use.
  • the production material realized in order to attain the aim of the present invention, explicated in the first claim and the respective claims thereof, has a composite structure.
  • the composite structure is formed by means of mixing metal and polymer materials.
  • the production material contains 85-95% metal by weight and 5-15% polymer by weight.
  • the production material has the properties of both polymer and metal material. The material obtains a polymeric structure as the polymer content increases by weight and a metallic structure as the metal content increases by weight.
  • the production material is obtained by embedding metal powders into the polymer matrix.
  • the metal powders have a particle size in the range of 1 to 5 microns.
  • the production material has a low melting temperature.
  • the melting temperature of the production material varies between 150°C and 160°C.
  • the production material contains lubricant in the range of 1-5% by weight and wax in the range of 3-10% by weight.
  • the production material can be in granule or filament form so as to be used in different 3D printing devices.
  • the 3D printing device of the present invention comprises a body; a production section that is disposed on the body and wherein the production is carried out; a melting pot that is disposed on the production section and that provides the melting of the raw material; a production material constituting the raw material; at least one heating element that provides the melting of the production material in the melting pot, and a nozzle that provides the shaping of the material.
  • the raw material is disposed in the melting pot.
  • the raw material melted by means of the heating elements is discharged from the melting pot by means of the nozzle.
  • the melted raw material is shaped by means of the nozzle according to the model developed on the computer.
  • the 3D printing device comprises at least one screw feeder that provides the discharge of the production material through the nozzle.
  • the screw feeder is disposed on the melting pot.
  • the production material melted in the melting pot by means of the heating elements is discharged by means of the screw feeder through the nozzle so as to be shaped.
  • Figure 1 - is the schematic view of the 3D printing device.
  • Figure 2 - is the schematic view of the production material, the heating element and the screw feeder.
  • the production material (10) has a composite structure containing metal and polymer materials together, that is suitable for use in a 3D printing device (1) and functions as the raw material of the object to be produced by means of the printing device (1).
  • a production material (10) that has both metal properties and polymer properties, with a high strength, is obtained.
  • Metal objects are produced by means of the production material (10).
  • the production material (10), that have polymer properties as well, can be used suitably in any type of 3D printing device (1).
  • the production material (10) contains metal in the range of 85-95% by weight and polymer in the range of 5-15% by weight.
  • the production material (10) gains a composite property through the mixing of two materials. While one of the materials serves as a matrix during the production, the other is used as a support material.
  • the production material (10) obtains a polymeric structure as the polymer content increases and a metallic structure as the metal content increases.
  • Polymer or metal content of the material can be changed depending on the characteristics of the object to be produced by means of the 3D printing device (1).
  • the structure of the production material (10) differs depending on the density of the metal-polymer material used.
  • the production material (10) is formed through embedding of metal powders with particle size in the range of 1 to 50 microns into the polymer matrix.
  • particle size in the range of 1-5 microns high-resolution 3D production is realized by using narrower tips.
  • the production material (10) has a melting temperature in the range of 150°-160°C. By means of the low melting temperature, the production time is shortened. Moreover, the production material (10) can be used in 3D printing devices that cannot deliver high temperature for the melting process.
  • the production material (10) contains lubricant in the range of 1-5% by weight and wax in the range of 3-10% by weight. By means of the lubricant and the wax, the production material (10) is provided with easier malleability and increased strength.
  • the production material (10) can be in granule or filament form.
  • the production material (10) can be used in all types of 3D printing devices. Production processes needed due to the powder form of the metal materials are eliminated and hence a faster and easier production is enabled.
  • the 3D printing device (1) comprises a body (2); a production section (3) that is disposed on the body (2); a melting pot (4) that is disposed on the production section (3); the production material (10) that is transferred to the melting pot (4) as the raw material of the object to be produced; at least one heating element (5) that is disposed around the melting pot (4) and that provides the melting of the production material (10), and a nozzle (6) that provides the shaping and printing of the melted production material (10).
  • the production material (10) melted on the melting pot (4) is discharged from the melting pot (4) and shaped by means of the nozzle (6).
  • the production material (10) is shaped according to the model developed on the computer.
  • the 3D printing device (1) comprises at least one screw feeder (7) that is disposed on the melting pot (4) and that provides the discharge of the melted production material (10) from the nozzle (6).
  • the production material (10) melted on the melting pot (4) by means of the heating element (5) is guided by the screw feeder (7) to the nozzle (6).
  • a production material (10) that has low melting temperature and high strength values, suitable to be used in any 3D printing device (1), is realized.
  • a material in filament form can be used in a 3D printing device wherein metal objects are produced. Without the need for production processes required due to the powder form of the material, production is realized in a shorter time and in a more convenient manner.
  • the production material (10) use of a composite material in the 3D printing devices is enabled.

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Optics & Photonics (AREA)
  • Ceramic Engineering (AREA)
  • Civil Engineering (AREA)
  • Composite Materials (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Powder Metallurgy (AREA)

Abstract

The present invention relates to a production material (10) that is suitable for use in a 3D printing device (1).

Description

A PRODUCTION MATERIAL SUITABLE FOR USE IN A 3D PRINTING DEVICE
The present invention relates to a production material suitable for use in a 3D printing device.
With the advance of production technology, 3D printers have become an important production tool. 3D printers produce an exactly identical copy of a 3D solid object modeled in a computer. Due to the use of different materials in production depending on the choice of the user, different products can be obtained. One of the materials mostly used today is metal and the other polymer. Production in 3D printers is based on processing the raw material in layers. In polymer-based systems, the material can be in powder or filament form. The raw materials in powder form are spread on a base and cured by laser to form the layers. The layers are formed one after another in this manner so as to produce the end product. The raw materials in filament form, on the other hand, are melted by means of a heating system so as to form the layers. In the metal-based systems, the raw material can be only in powder form. During production, the metal powders are spread on the base. The spread powders are sintered by methods such as laser, electron beam, controlled atmosphere or vacuuming depending on the choice of the user. Another method is to perform the sintering operation by heating the metal powders to the melting temperature while being sprayed from a nozzle. Since the melting temperature of the metal powders is high, problems may occur in the course of melting. Moreover, since the metals can be used only in powder form, a metal raw material cannot be used in 3D printers that use raw materials in filament form.
In the state of the art International Patent Application Document No. WO2004043681, a material suitable for use in 3D printing devices is disclosed.
The aim of the present invention is the realization of a production material that is suitable for use in 3D printing devices with expanded usage area, providing ease of use.
The production material realized in order to attain the aim of the present invention, explicated in the first claim and the respective claims thereof, has a composite structure. The composite structure is formed by means of mixing metal and polymer materials.
In an embodiment of the present invention, the production material contains 85-95% metal by weight and 5-15% polymer by weight. Thus, the production material has the properties of both polymer and metal material. The material obtains a polymeric structure as the polymer content increases by weight and a metallic structure as the metal content increases by weight.
In an embodiment of the present invention, the production material is obtained by embedding metal powders into the polymer matrix. The metal powders have a particle size in the range of 1 to 5 microns.
In an embodiment of the present invention, the production material has a low melting temperature. The melting temperature of the production material varies between 150°C and 160°C.
In an embodiment of the present invention, the production material contains lubricant in the range of 1-5% by weight and wax in the range of 3-10% by weight.
In an embodiment of the present invention, the production material can be in granule or filament form so as to be used in different 3D printing devices.
The 3D printing device of the present invention comprises a body; a production section that is disposed on the body and wherein the production is carried out; a melting pot that is disposed on the production section and that provides the melting of the raw material; a production material constituting the raw material; at least one heating element that provides the melting of the production material in the melting pot, and a nozzle that provides the shaping of the material. The raw material is disposed in the melting pot. The raw material melted by means of the heating elements is discharged from the melting pot by means of the nozzle. The melted raw material is shaped by means of the nozzle according to the model developed on the computer.
In an embodiment of the present invention, the 3D printing device comprises at least one screw feeder that provides the discharge of the production material through the nozzle. The screw feeder is disposed on the melting pot. The production material melted in the melting pot by means of the heating elements is discharged by means of the screw feeder through the nozzle so as to be shaped.
The 3D printing device realized in order to attain the aim of the present invention is illustrated in the attached figures where
Figure 1 - is the schematic view of the 3D printing device.
Figure 2 - is the schematic view of the production material, the heating element and the screw feeder.
The elements illustrated in the figures are numbered as follows:
  1. 3D printing device
  2. Body
  3. Production section
  4. Melting pot
  5. Heating element
  6. Nozzle
  7. Screw feeder
10- Production material
The production material (10) has a composite structure containing metal and polymer materials together, that is suitable for use in a 3D printing device (1) and functions as the raw material of the object to be produced by means of the printing device (1). Thus, a production material (10) that has both metal properties and polymer properties, with a high strength, is obtained. Metal objects are produced by means of the production material (10). Moreover, the production material (10), that have polymer properties as well, can be used suitably in any type of 3D printing device (1).
In an embodiment of the present invention, the production material (10) contains metal in the range of 85-95% by weight and polymer in the range of 5-15% by weight. The production material (10) gains a composite property through the mixing of two materials. While one of the materials serves as a matrix during the production, the other is used as a support material.
The production material (10) obtains a polymeric structure as the polymer content increases and a metallic structure as the metal content increases. Polymer or metal content of the material can be changed depending on the characteristics of the object to be produced by means of the 3D printing device (1). The structure of the production material (10) differs depending on the density of the metal-polymer material used.
In an embodiment of the present invention, the production material (10) is formed through embedding of metal powders with particle size in the range of 1 to 50 microns into the polymer matrix. By means of the particle size in the range of 1-5 microns, high-resolution 3D production is realized by using narrower tips.
In an embodiment of the present invention, the production material (10) has a melting temperature in the range of 150°-160°C. By means of the low melting temperature, the production time is shortened. Moreover, the production material (10) can be used in 3D printing devices that cannot deliver high temperature for the melting process.
In an embodiment of the present invention, the production material (10) contains lubricant in the range of 1-5% by weight and wax in the range of 3-10% by weight. By means of the lubricant and the wax, the production material (10) is provided with easier malleability and increased strength.
In an embodiment of the present invention, the production material (10) can be in granule or filament form. Thus, the production material (10) can be used in all types of 3D printing devices. Production processes needed due to the powder form of the metal materials are eliminated and hence a faster and easier production is enabled.
The 3D printing device (1) comprises a body (2); a production section (3) that is disposed on the body (2); a melting pot (4) that is disposed on the production section (3); the production material (10) that is transferred to the melting pot (4) as the raw material of the object to be produced; at least one heating element (5) that is disposed around the melting pot (4) and that provides the melting of the production material (10), and a nozzle (6) that provides the shaping and printing of the melted production material (10). The production material (10) melted on the melting pot (4) is discharged from the melting pot (4) and shaped by means of the nozzle (6). Thus, the production material (10) is shaped according to the model developed on the computer.
In an embodiment of the present invention, the 3D printing device (1) comprises at least one screw feeder (7) that is disposed on the melting pot (4) and that provides the discharge of the melted production material (10) from the nozzle (6). The production material (10) melted on the melting pot (4) by means of the heating element (5) is guided by the screw feeder (7) to the nozzle (6).
By means of the present invention, a production material (10) that has low melting temperature and high strength values, suitable to be used in any 3D printing device (1), is realized. Thus, a material in filament form can be used in a 3D printing device wherein metal objects are produced. Without the need for production processes required due to the powder form of the material, production is realized in a shorter time and in a more convenient manner. By means of the production material (10), use of a composite material in the 3D printing devices is enabled.

Claims (8)

  1. A production material (10) in a composite structure containing metal and polymer materials together, that is suitable for use in a 3D printing device (1), functioning as the raw material of the object to be produced by means of the printing device (1).
  2. A production material (10) as in Claim 1, comprising metal in the range of 85-95% by weight and polymer in the range of 5-15% by weight.
  3. A production material (10) as in Claim 1 or Claim 2, formed by embedding the metal powders in particle size in the range of 1-50 microns into the polymer matrix.
  4. A production material (10) as in any one of the above claims, that has a melting temperature in the range of 150°-160°C.
  5. A production material (10) as in any one of the above claims, that comprises 1-5% lubricant by weight and 3-10% wax by weight.
  6. A production material (10) as in any one of the above claims, that can be in granule or filament form.
  7. A 3D printing device (1) comprising a body (2); a production section (3) that is disposed on the body (2); a melting pot (4) that is disposed on the production section (3); at least one heating element (5) that is disposed around the melting pot (4) and that provides the melting of the production material (10), and a nozzle (6) that provides the shaping and printing of the melted production material (10), characterized by a production material (10) as in any one of the above claims.
  8. A 3D printer (1) as in Claim 7, characterized by at least one screw feeder (7) disposed that is disposed on the melting pot (4) and that provides the discharge of the melted production material (10) from the nozzle (6).
PCT/EP2017/061046 2016-05-10 2017-05-09 A production material suitable for use in a 3d printing device Ceased WO2017194535A1 (en)

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TR201606167 2016-05-10

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JP2023501890A (en) * 2019-10-17 2023-01-20 ビーエーエスエフ ソシエタス・ヨーロピア Method for manufacturing three-dimensional (3D) objects using granules
JP7642630B2 (en) 2019-10-17 2025-03-10 ビーエーエスエフ ソシエタス・ヨーロピア Method for manufacturing three-dimensional (3D) objects using granules

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