WO2017188804A1

WO2017188804A1 - Apparatus for cultivating seedlings and growing plants in greenhouses

Info

Publication number: WO2017188804A1
Application number: PCT/LV2017/000001
Authority: WO
Inventors: Андрис МИЕЖУБРАЛИС
Original assignee: Андрис МИЕЖУБРАЛИС
Priority date: 2016-04-26
Filing date: 2017-02-10
Publication date: 2017-11-02
Also published as: LV15277A

Abstract

An apparatus for circulating air in greenhouses, comprising a fan, a heater and air ducts, also has a corrugated plate comprising alternating slits in the upper part of the corrugations for feeding in and drawing off an air flow; a plate having cutouts for directing flows of warm air through the slits in the corrugated plate; and a plate for returning air back into the system. The invention is aimed at fully heating plants along the whole height thereof in greenhouses with minimal heat loss and energy cost.

Description

DEVICE FOR SPRINGING OF SEEDLING AND GROWING

PLANTS IN GREENHOUSES

Description of the existing level

1. The technical field of the invention

[001] The invention relates to devices for circulating air in greenhouses, hotbeds, etc. in order to regulate the temperature of the soil and air when germinating seedlings and growing plants.

2. The prior art.

[002] Known devices for heating soil in greenhouses according to patents and patent applications VVO 2015/012698, WO 2011/028100, WO 2007/1 14688, RU 2283578, JP2005034043, SU 387670. In these devices, the result is achieved by supplying warm air through ducts passing in the subsoil space of the greenhouse. In addition, these devices use the circulation of warm air, which is taken from under the roof of the greenhouse and enters the system.

[003] The disadvantage of these devices is heating exclusively the soil in the greenhouses - only the roots of the plants are heated and the plant does not receive enough heat. In addition, the intake of warm air from under the roof of the greenhouse leads to significant heat loss - heat is consumed not only to heat the soil under the plants, but also the entire space of the greenhouse.

[004] The device according to patent FR2621448 is also known, in which warm air is supplied through air ducts laid on the soil along the beds of plants. The holes in the pipes are directed both to the soil under the plants and to the plants themselves - in this way an attempt is made to heat the plant along its entire height.

[005] The disadvantage of this device is that the heating of the earth under the plants due to the warm air coming from located on the soil surface of the duct is ineffective: warm air rises upward, respectively, the soil will be heated to a shallow depth and the roots of the plant will not receive enough heat. Warm air directed to the plant itself also tends to rise up without reaching the plant and cannot sufficiently heat it throughout its height. In addition, the disadvantage is the lack of circulation of warm air in the greenhouse - air is taken only from the outside of the greenhouse and there is no re-intake of it. This leads to significant heat loss and energy consumption.

[006] The device according to patent FR2621448 can be adopted as the closest prototype of the claimed technical solution.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

[007] These shortcomings of the closest prototype identified a technical problem: the lack of proper heating of plants in greenhouses over the entire height with sufficiently significant heat loss.

[008] The problem has determined the purpose and technical task of the invention.

[009] The purpose of the invention: the provision of complete heating of plants in greenhouses over the entire height with minimal heat loss.

[0010] The technical task of the invention: the need for a device for regulating the temperature in greenhouses, providing heating of the plant over its entire height, while minimizing heat loss and energy consumption.

[001 1] The objective is achieved in that the device for germinating seedlings and growing plants in greenhouses is a prefabricated structure consisting of a heater and a supply / exhaust fan, as well as three plates, for example, made of tin:

• upper - bent by folds and having gaps in the upper part of the folds for supply / exhaust of warm air flow;

• middle - communicating slit of the upper plate with the corresponding supply / exhaust systems of the air flow;

• base plates for delivering air back to the system. [0012] The device is designed to supply warm air simultaneously to the subsoil space under the plants to heat the roots, and also to the plant to heat its subsoil. In this case, the warm air stream is simultaneously sucked directly above the plant and is diverted back into the system.

[0013] The technical result of solving this problem is to provide heating of the plant along its entire height with minimal heat loss and energy consumption.

[0014] Among the additional positive results of the invention are the following:

• the device is intended for use in greenhouses and hotbeds of any type,

"the device can also be used as a cooling system, air ionization, etc.,

"the device provides easy control and temperature changes,

• the device is insulated, which ensures the absence of condensation, "the device can be both stationary and portable,

• installation of the device does not require special knowledge and efforts.

[0015] In more detail, the invention is described below.

Brief Description of the Drawings

[0016] in FIG. 1 is a schematic view of a device showing directions of air flow;

[0017] in FIG. 2 - component parts of the device;

[0018] in FIG. 3 - device assembly;

[0019] in FIG. 4.1 - a schematic view of the device, an option for seedlings

- view from above,

[0020] in FIG. 4.2 - a schematic view of the device, an option for seedlings

- side view (section), [0021] in FIG. 5 is a schematic view of a device, an option for tall plants is a side view (section).

[0022] in FIG. 6 is a schematic view of the device, another option for tall plants is a side view (section).

Embodiments of the invention.

[0023] As schematically shown in FIG. 1, a device for germinating seedlings and growing plants in greenhouses consists of a supply and exhaust fan (1), a heater (2), from which a stream of warm air (3) is directed into the subsoil space (4) to heat the soil (5), as well as through a crevice (6), a folded plate (for example, made of tin) is sent to a sprout or a low plant (7), is simultaneously sucked out through a crevice (8) and then the flow of warm air (9) is directed back into the system.

[0024] In FIG. 2 presents the components of the device: a folded plate (10), for example, made of tin, having alternating slots (6) for supplying warm air directly to plants (7) and slots (8) for suctioning warm air. The cutouts of the plate (1 1) allow you to distribute the directions of the flow of warm air through the cracks (6) and (8) of the folded plate (10), respectively, in the subsoil space (4), on the plants (7) and the suction of the air stream (9) back into the system. The plate (12) is designed to divert the flow of warm air (9) back to the supply and exhaust fan (1), the heater (2) and then to the system.

[0025] In FIG. 3 shows the complete assembly. A plate (10) having alternating slots (6) for supplying warm air to plants (7) and slots (8) for sucking air is connected to a plate (1 1) for distributing air into the subsoil space for heating the soil (5) and slots (6), and is also connected to the plate (12) for removing the flow of warm air back to the supply and exhaust fan (1), the heater (2) and then to the system.

[0026] In FIG. 4.1 is a schematic view of the device, a top view. A variant of the device for germinating seedlings, as well as low plants. As you can see, the flow of warm air (3) coming from the supply and exhaust fan (1) and heater (2) is distributed through the slots (6) and sent to the plants (7). At the same time, air is simultaneously sucked out in the gap (8) - this allows warm air to pass directly above the plant, heating it over the entire above-ground height. In addition, the simultaneous suction of warm air minimizes its distribution throughout the entire space of the greenhouse, thereby providing significant savings in heat and energy.

[0027] In FIG. 4.2 also shows a schematic view of the device - an option for seedlings and low plants, side view (section). This image shows the flow of warm air from the slots (6) to the plants (7), its simultaneous suction in the slots (8) and the further passage of the warm air stream (9) towards the supply and exhaust fan (1) and the heater (2) .

[0028] In FIG. 5 shows a schematic view of the device, an option for tall plants is a side view (section). When the plant grows, its tops are outside the level of air circulation of the supply and exhaust system according to the first embodiment (Figure 4), that is, they lose complete heating. Therefore, in this embodiment, additional equipment is required, which is an exhaust duct (13), passing directly above the tops of tall plants (7a). Warm air coming from the cracks (6) rises up the plants, heating it along the entire height, is sucked into the duct (13) and sent back to the system. Next, a warm air stream (9) enters the fan (1) and the heater (2). Regulation of air circulation is provided by two butterfly valves (14).

[0029] The exhaust duct (13) in this embodiment of the invention may be either fixedly mounted or movably fixed, with the possibility of changing the height.

[0030] In FIG. 6 shows a schematic view of a device according to another embodiment for tall plants — a side view (section). With this option, additional equipment is required, which is transparent hollow walls closed from above and side (15), continuing cracks (6). The transparency of the walls ensures the flow of light to the plants. Warm air leaves the system from the slots (6), rises in the hollow walls (15), leaves through the slots (16) above the tops of tall plants (7a) and is simultaneously sucked into the slots (8), heating plants (7a) throughout above ground height. Next, the warm air stream (9) returns to the system, entering the fan (1) and the heater (2).

[0031] In this embodiment of the invention, the walls (15) may have several slots (16) along the height of the wall.

[0032] The device can be either stationary or portable - allowing it to be moved to other greenhouses or greenhouses of any type.

[0033] The device has a modular nature of the assembly and is therefore applicable to greenhouses of any size.

[0034] The device can be used not only for heating, but also for cooling plants, their ionization, supply of fresh air, etc.

[0035] It is possible to use the device both in a mechanical control mode and in an automated or automatic smart mode.

[0036] The device can use both closed circulation of air in the greenhouse, and use the flow of air from outside the greenhouse.

[0037] The device can be independently installed by the user - its assembly does not require special knowledge and efforts.

[0038] The invention is technically applicable and can be manufactured industrially.

[0039] The provided embodiments of the invention do not limit the scope of the present invention.

Claims

FORMULA

one . A device for circulating air in greenhouses to regulate soil and air temperature, including a fan, heater and air ducts directing the air flow to the plants, characterized in that it contains a folded plate, having alternating air supply and suction slots in the upper part of the folds, a plate , communicating the slots with the corresponding systems of supply and suction of the air flow and a plate for delivering air back to the system.

2. The device according to claim 1, characterized in that the air flow entering the slots for supply immediately enters the slots for suction and passes directly above the plant.

3. The device according to claim 1, characterized in that it contains an exhaust duct for suctioning the air flow passing directly above the tops of tall plants.

4. The device according to claim 4, characterized in that the exhaust duct is movably fixed.

5. The device according to claim 1, characterized in that it contains transparent hollow walls closed from above and from the side, continuing air supply slots and having exit slots above the tops of tall plants.

6. The device according to any one of paragraphs 1-5, characterized in that the air flow simultaneously enters the subsoil space under the plants.

7. The device according to any one of paragraphs 1-5, characterized in that the air flow is used to cool the plants.

8. The device according to any one of paragraphs 1 to 5, characterized in that the air flow is used to ionize the plants.

9. The device according to any one of paragraphs 1 to 5, characterized in that it is made portable.