WO2017187441A1

WO2017187441A1 - Method and apparatus for disinfection and irrigation of root canal system with use of peristaltic pump movement - endo irrigator plus

Info

Publication number: WO2017187441A1
Application number: PCT/IN2016/000109
Authority: WO
Inventors: Mandar Vasantrao PIMPRIKAR
Original assignee: Pimprikar Mandar Vasantrao
Priority date: 2016-04-28
Filing date: 2016-04-28
Publication date: 2017-11-02

Abstract

The present embodiment is a method and apparatus for evacuation of root canalsystem. The present embodiment provides cleaner and bacteria free canals because of negative pressure mechanism.A process for continuous warm irrigation & evacuation of root canal systemdevelops sufficient pressure to pump continuous and controlled NaOCl and heating NaoClupto 40degrees with the help of sodium hypochlorite bottle with warmer(4) and overheating of NaoCl followed by building air pressure within the NaOCL reservoir for controlled and continuous flow through the retractor valve and tubings to irrigation needle. The present embodiment has inbuilt suction unit for evacuation of NaOCl safely from within the root canal system. The evacuation needleis side vented with 2 portals( fig no.1,2) to avoid blockage with debris and evacuated with the help of side vented needle this free flow of warm NaOCL. The apparatus works with negative pressure mechanism.has a handpiece on which irrigation and evacuation assembly will fit. The two needles(bifid needles) will be stabilized by a soft rubber cup which will also prevent over-spilling of NaOCL in the oral cavity.

Description

Title of the invention :

Method and apparatus for disinfection and irrigation of root canal system with use of peristaltic pump movement - Endo Irrigator Plus

Preamble of invention-

This invention in particular describes the nature of the invention and the manner in which it is to be performed.

Field of invention-

The present embodiment relates to the field of endodontics, more particularly methods and apparatus used for sterilization and disinfection of root canal system.

Background of the invention:

Root canal treatment is a dental procedure to treat infection at the centre of a tooth.For preserving tooth that has or could develop a diseased pulp cavity,it is necessary to prevent bacterial proliferation within the root or pulp canal of the tooth by enlarging the canal without excessively weakening the root's wall by using endodontic files, bores, reamers or other instrumentation in order to: l)mechanically remove as much of the root canal contents as is possible and 2)allow the introduction of irrigants into the root canal space that dissolve and disinfect organic debris, thus minimizing the presence of bacteria, as well as clearing the walls of root canal of calcific debris created during instrumentation. After completing steps 1 and 2,the root canal is typically filled with a material such as gutta-percha and a sealer to occlude the pulp cavity and thus seal the root canal.This procedure is referred to as root canal therapy.

l Local wound debridement in the diseased pulp space is the main stop in root canal treatment to prevent the tooth from being a source of infection. Successful root canal therapy relies on the combination of proper instrumentation, irrigation &obturation of the root canal system. Of these three essential steps of the root canal therapy; irrigation of the root canal system is the most important determinant in the healing of the periapical tissues.

Irrigation assists in removing debris and necrotic material remaining after the endodontic filestores and reamers used during the shaping and removing steps of the procedure.The irrigant is capable of dissolving or disrupting soft tissue remnants to permit their removal, the irrigant may be any suitable liquid such as water or various alcohols. Some degree of debridement is preferred,any fluid may be used to flush debris from the root canal. General examples of irrigants include hydrogen peroxide and sodium hypochlorite.In order to ensure that as much of the debris and necrotic material is removed.the irrigant is typically applied under pressure using a syringe and a needle inserted into the canal .

Sodium Hypochlorite has broad spectrum antimicrobial action as well as unique property of dissolving necrotic tissue.

The chemical reactions between organic tissue &NaOCl (Sodium Hypochlorite):

NaOCl acts as an organic & fat solvent; degrading fatty acids & transforming them into fatty acid salts (soap) & glycerol which reduce the surface tension of the solution (saponification). This 'saponification' as well as amino acid neutralization &ehloramination reactions that occur in the presence of micro-organisms & organic tissue lead to the antimicrobial effect & tissue dissolving process.

Increasing the temperature of 3% or 5% NaOCl to 40°C 50°C, doubles the efficiency of NaOCl; to digest necrotic pulp tissue & kill bacteria. Temperature

A rise in temperature by 25°C increased NaOCl efficacy by a factor of 100 (25). The capacity of a 1% NaOCl at 45°C to dissolve human dental pulps was found to be equal to that of a 5.25% solution at 20°C.

The rationale for heating sodium hypochlorite is simply to more effectively digest pulpal tissue from the deep, lateral anatomy. In cleaner root canals,the opportunity to fill in three dimensions is definitely attainable.lt is necessary to digest collagen. It's that sticky, collagenous mass that can be in a fin, a lateral canal, an apical bifidity, anastomosesand it's very difficult to get this tissue out in a reasonable amount of clinical time. , the rationale for heating sodium hypochlorite is simply to more effectively digest pulpal tissue from the deep, lateral anatomy. Chemical stability of heated sodium hypochlorite endodontic irrigants.

One reference showing effect of temperature on antimicrobial properties of sodium hypochlorite is given below.

Source J-endot.l998 Jun;24(6V.432-4.Gambarini G, De Luca M, Gerosa R Department of Dental Materials, University of Siena, Dental School, Italy.

Disadvantages of prior art are as follows.

1) Potential accidents are more.

2) Continuous warm NaOCl flow is not possible.

3) Need for using syringe and needle.

The advantages of the present embodiment are as follows. l)As Bifid needles are used the irrigation &evacuation is done with one device. 2) NaOCl is available as warm at 40°C in inbuilt warmer.

3) It is continuous irrigation system with activation by peristaltic movement of the solution which allows optimum irrigation in terms of volumes.

4) The irrigation is 'ON' with help of foot switch -less cumbersome as hands are free.

5) Inbuilt suction is so independent &self sufficient product.

6) Cleaner and bacteria free canals,

7) More safe during irrigation. Object of invention:

The main object of the present embodiment is to overcome all the associated drawbacks and provide a system which fulfills all the requirements of biological objective of root canal therapy by providing continuous warm NaOCl with negative pressure system.

Another object of the present . embodiment is to allow dental practitioners to optimum irrigation & will improve the success rate of the treatment modality.

Another object of the present embodiment is to provide a continuous irrigation system.

Statement of the invention:

The present embodiment is a method and apparatus for sterilization and disinfection of root canal system. The present embodiment provides continuous warm NaOCl with negative pressure system. In present embodiment, there is no risk of pushing NaOCLperiapically into peri-radicular tissues of the irrigation.The present embodiment provides cleaner and bacteria free canals because of negative pressure mechanism as there is no need for separate suction .The present embodiment is more safe during irrigation.

Summary of the invention:

The present embodiment is a method and apparatus for evacuation of root canal system. A process for continuous warm irrigation & evacuation of root canal systemdevelopssufficient pressure to pump continuous and controlled NaOCl and heating NaoClupto 40degrees with the help of sodium hypochlorite bottle with warmer(4) and overheating of NaoCl followed by building air pressure within the NaOCL reservoir for controlled and continuous flow through the retractor valve and tubings to irrigation needle. The apparatus works with negative pressure mechanism.has a autoclavablehandpiece on which irrigation and evacuation assembly will fit. The two needles(bifid needles) will be stabilized by a soft rubber cup which will also prevent over-spilling of NaOCL in the oral cavity. ^J

Detailed description of the accompanying drawings:-

A complete understanding of the present invention may be by reference to the following detailed description which taken in connection with the accompanying drawings. In Figure 1 shows- schematic representation of bulk transport & distribution system.

The accompanying drawings, which are incorporated into and constitute a part of this specification, illustrate one or more embodiments of the present invention and, together with the detailed description, serve to explain the principles and implementations of the invention. In the drawings:

Temperature effect on sodium hypochlorite

Figure 1 is a block diagram showing thetemperature effect on sodium hypochlorite; apical suction pulls irrigatingsolution down the canal walls toward the apex;Fig 3 shows apparatus for disinfection and sterilization of root canal; Fig 4 shows Flow chart showing system for disinfection and sterilization of root canal.

Fig 1 Temperature effect on sodium hypochlorite

Fig 4 shows apparatus for disinfection and sterilization of root canal wherein the said 1 indicates suction needle for evacuation of the NAOCL;2 indicates dropping needle for delivery of the Naocl;3 indicates combination handpiece on which the needle assembly will fit;4 indicates warmer to heat the Naoclupto 40°c ;5 indicates pressure bottle reservoir for Naocl; 6 indicates thermo switch for regulation and cut off at 40°c;7 indicates retractor valve for pumping Naocl to the handpiece;8 a and 8b are air regulator and air solonide to built the pressure from the compressor for the valve to pump the Naocl;9 indicates switching board circuit for the unit; 10 indicates transformer unit; 1 1 indicates relay board for heating element to control the thermoswitch; 12 indicates control unit for suction to indicate the suction; 13 indicates suction pump to control and regulate the suction pump; 14 indicates suction filter and regulator; 15 indicates evacuation bottle to indicate evacuated Naocl solution; 16 indicates air connected to compressor for air; 17 indicates mains connection for electricity. Detailed description of invention with respect to accompanying drawings :-

The foregoing objects of the invention are accomplished and the problems and shortcomings associated with prior art techniques and approaches are overcome by the present invention described in the present embodiment.

Detailed descriptions of the preferred embodiment are provided herein; however, it is to be understood that the present invention may be embodied in various forms. Therefore, specific details disclosed herein are not to be interpreted i

as limiting, but rather as a basis for the claims and as a representative basis for teaching one skilled in the art to employ the present invention in virtually any appropriately detailed system, structure or matter.

The present embodiment is a system for disinfection and sterilization of root canal by using warm continuous 3% or 5 %Naocl sodium hypochlorite with negative pressure while performing root canal treatment in the field of dentistry.

The present invention relates to disinfecting & sterilizing the root canal system by using warm continuous 3% or 5% NaOCl - Sodium Hypochlorite with negative pressure, while performing root canal treatment in the field of dentistry.The product is designed to use Sodium Hypochlorite in 3% or 5% concentrations; which is warm (40°C to 50°C) & continuous.The device has a motorized pump; which will push the irrigation solution through the needle. Once activated, the bottled NaOCl will start to warm& will have an auto cut off mechanism at 40°C(thermostat). The device has a non-retractor valve to pour the solution from bottle into the tooth with the help of 26" (gauge) needle with the activation of foot switch. The needle will lie in the pulp chamber of the tooth. The device has a cannula i.e. 26 (gauge) needle, with laser holes (4-6 in no.) at the apical end of the needle. The cannula will be inserted into the canal - 4 to 5 mm short of the working length. The unique design of bifid needles has advantages of irrigation & evacuation happening at the same time.

As the device has negative pressure; the warm NaOCl will be pulled down in the apical l/3^rd of the canal & will be evacuated with the help of suction.

solution down the canal walls toward the apex

Components of the product:

-→; handpiece with warmer

→ Irrigation & Evacuation lines

→i Bifid needles positive pressure and negative pressure tips

→i Inbuilt suction

→ peristaltic pump with vaccum

-→; Foot contro

— > Evacuation bottle

Components of CWIS Irrigation and evacuation needles (bifid needles)

> Handpiece with warmer Peristaltic pump

Sodium hypochlorite bottle

Air regulatory system

Suction unit.

Mechanism of action (CWIS)

The device is designed to use in the field of dentistry (endodontics). The CWAIS (Continuous warm irrigation & evacuation System )will perform efficient irrigation and evacuationof the root canal system by using warm sodium hypochlorite 3% or 5% in concentrations.The irrigation and evacuation will happen simultaneously there by making the procedure Simple and effective .CWAIS will work on positive and negative pressure principle.

Traditionally the irrigation of the root canal system is done with the manual syringe and needlesWhich is a cumbersome procedure and the practitioners tend to skip this important stepjn the

Root canal therapy,or the irrigation is not done optimally in terms of volume,thereby increasing the chances of residual infection leaving behind in the root canal system.75%of the root canal treated teeth have residual infection. The CWIS device is designed to work basically on electricity and peristaltic vaccum pump.The device willBe connected to the electricityCWIS has inbuilt peristaltic pump to develop sufficient pressure to pump continuous NaOCLwith peristaltic movement .The device has in built warmer to heat the NaOCLupto 40degrees.Once the solution reaches 40 degrees c. there is auto cut off mechanism which will prevent overheating of Naocl. The CWAIS apparatus consists of transformer unit which will distribute the supply(electric)to the heating element, solonide valve and suction unit, upon receiving supply the heating element will start to heat the NaOCL solution, the relay board with the response from thermo switch will cut off the heating at 40 degrees c. The switching board will switch the supply according to the requirement of CWAIS. The peristaltic pump will regulate the pressure create a vaccum at the same time and it will push the solution through the line which will get warm in the handpiece.this activity is controlled by retractor valve, when the foot switch is deactivated the valve will stop the solution.

The transformer will supply the power to suction unit which will evacuate the NaOCL solution with the help of side vented needle. The suction filter will filter the debris.The whole mechanism will work simultaneously when the foot switch is activated, thereby creating a negative pressure as warm NaOCL is dropped in the chamber of the tooth the evacuation needle will draw the solution deeper in the root canal system and evacuate it creating a turbulence effect for better sterilization of the complex root canal system.

Overheating ofNaOCL.

POSITIVE pressure irrigation and evacuation

The positive pressure irrigation and evacuation tip has two needles with 26 gauge needle will dispense warm NaOCL in the pulp chamber with peristaltic movement. which is a pulsating movement provided to the solution.this will activate the solution.this movement ensures the delivery of NaOCL till the apical end of the root canal.the activation will create turbulence and cavitation effect in the closed end root canal system and remove the debris. Without crossing the apical barrier. The simultaneous evacuation is done at the coronal aspect of the root canal with the help of 18 gauge needle.the controlled positive pressure irrigation and evacuation will allow removal of macrodebris.thus rendering root canal system clean.

NEGATIVE pressure irrigation and evacuation

The negative pressure irrigation and evacuation tip has 26 gauge needle which will dispense the NaOCL solution which will be drawn upto the tip of another needle [gauge 25]which is placed in the root canal .the solution will flow through the entire length of the root canal.and will be evacuated simultenously with 25 gauge needle,which has 4 microholes.the advantages of negative pressure irrigation are Ensures delivery of the disinfectant to apical area of the root canal Safety as it will not cross over the apex

It will break the apical vapor lock

Cleaner canals

Fresh irrigant is available for continued disinfection.

with the negative Pressure in place the solution will be drawn deeper into the root canal system (apical l/3^rd)And will be evacuated with the help of side vented needle this free flow of warm NaOCL Within the root canal system will achieve cleaning of organic matter and kill the micro-organisms in the lateral canals ,deep isthurhuses and apical delta there by having three dimensional cleaning and sterilization of the root canal system which will facilitate three dimensional obturation of the root canal system as mentioned earlier this device works on negative pressure mechanism. The major advantage of this mechanism is there is no riskof pushing NaOCLperiapically into peri-radicular tissues which is a common complicationof the irrigation.The evacuated solution will be deposited in aautoclavable jar.

CWAIS hashandpiece on which irrigation and evacuation assembly will fit.The two needles(bifid needles) will be stabilized by a soft rubber cup which will also prevent over-spilling of NaOCL in the oral cavity.the needle assembly is disposable (single use) thereby preventing cross contamination amongst patients.

Conclusion

CWAIS will provide aall in solution to the important step of root canal therapy ,by

, A warm sodium hypochlorite

i > With continuous and controlled flow with the help of peristaltic pump and foot switch

More cleaner and bacteria free canals because of negative pressure

mechanism.

> No need of separate suction as it is inbuilt.

> More saftey during irrigation.

, Irrigation and evacuation froma combined tip.

The present embodiment provides cleaner and bacteria free canals because of negative pressure mechanism as there is no need for separate suction .The present embodiment is more safe during irrigation. The present embodiment provides continuous warm NaOCl with negative pressure system. In present embodiment, there is no risk of pushing NaOCLperiapically into peri-radicular tissues of the irrigation.

The embodiments of the invention as described above and the methods disclosed herein will suggest further modification and alterations to those skilled in the art. Use of mechanical conveyors, with combination or instead of Pneumatic conveying system mention above is considered to be within the scope of present invention. Such further modifications and alterations may be made without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention; which is defined by the scope of the following claims.

Claims

Claims -

I claim,

1) A process for continuous warm irrigation & evacuation of root canal system comprising the steps of developing sufficient pressure to pump continuous and controlled activated NaOCl;heating NaoClupto 40degrees; preventing overheating of NaoCl; building air pressure within the NaOCL reservoir for controlled and continuous flow through peristaltic movement and tubings to irrigation needle; releasing foot control for stopping Naocl flow.

2) An apparatus for continuous warm irrigation & evacuation of root canal systemformed by process as claimed in claim 1 comprising of irrigationand evacuation needles (l&2)(bifid needles);

cohibohandpiece(3)for fitting irrigation and evacuation assembly;

with warmer(4);

peristaltic movement pump

control unit ( 12,13,14)for regulation of suction pump;

pressure bottle reservoir (5)for NaoCl;

thermoswitch(6)for regulating of temperature;

switching board(9);

transformer unit(10);

relay board (1 l)for heating element to control thermoswitch; evacuation bottle (15)for collecting evacuated NaoCl solution.

2) An apparatus for continuous warm irrigation & evacuation of root canal system wnerein the said irrigation and evacuation needle (1 and 2)as claimed in claim 1 is for delivery and evacuation of NaoClfor stabilization by rubber cup for spilling oyer spilling of NaoCl.

3) An apparatus for continuous warm irrigation & evacuation of root canal system wherein the said air regulatory system (8a &8b)as claimed in claim 1 is for developing sufficient pressure to pump continuous and controlled for controlled and continuous flow through the retractor valve and tubings to irrigation needle.4) An apparatus for continuous warm irrigation & evacuation of root canal system wherein the said sodium hypochlorite bottle with warmer (4)as claimed in claim 1 for heating NaoCl upto 40degrees with positive (26 and 18 gauge needles)and negative pressure mechanism. with (25 with microholes at the tip and 26! gauge needles)

i

5) I An apparatus for continuous warm irrigation & evacuation of root canal system wnerein the said suction unit (12, 13,14)isfor evacuating the NaoCl safely from within the root canal system.

i

6) An apparatus for continuous warm irrigation & evacuation of root canal system with use of peristaltic movement pump and auto switch control for heating.