WO2017187231A1 - Heat exchanger with ionized fluids for refrigeration or heat pump system or energy transformation - Google Patents

Heat exchanger with ionized fluids for refrigeration or heat pump system or energy transformation Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2017187231A1
WO2017187231A1 PCT/IB2016/052397 IB2016052397W WO2017187231A1 WO 2017187231 A1 WO2017187231 A1 WO 2017187231A1 IB 2016052397 W IB2016052397 W IB 2016052397W WO 2017187231 A1 WO2017187231 A1 WO 2017187231A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
heat exchanger
electrically charged
heat
ionized
fluids
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/IB2016/052397
Other languages
French (fr)
Inventor
Papa Abdoulaye MBODJ
Original Assignee
Mbodj Papa Abdoulaye
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Mbodj Papa Abdoulaye filed Critical Mbodj Papa Abdoulaye
Priority to PCT/IB2016/052397 priority Critical patent/WO2017187231A1/en
Publication of WO2017187231A1 publication Critical patent/WO2017187231A1/en

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28F—DETAILS OF HEAT-EXCHANGE AND HEAT-TRANSFER APPARATUS, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
    • F28F13/00—Arrangements for modifying heat-transfer, e.g. increasing, decreasing
    • F28F13/16—Arrangements for modifying heat-transfer, e.g. increasing, decreasing by applying an electrostatic field to the body of the heat-exchange medium
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28D—HEAT-EXCHANGE APPARATUS, NOT PROVIDED FOR IN ANOTHER SUBCLASS, IN WHICH THE HEAT-EXCHANGE MEDIA DO NOT COME INTO DIRECT CONTACT
    • F28D15/00—Heat-exchange apparatus with the intermediate heat-transfer medium in closed tubes passing into or through the conduit walls ; Heat-exchange apparatus employing intermediate heat-transfer medium or bodies
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28D—HEAT-EXCHANGE APPARATUS, NOT PROVIDED FOR IN ANOTHER SUBCLASS, IN WHICH THE HEAT-EXCHANGE MEDIA DO NOT COME INTO DIRECT CONTACT
    • F28D7/00—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary tubular conduit assemblies for both heat-exchange media, the media being in contact with different sides of a conduit wall
    • F28D7/0008—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary tubular conduit assemblies for both heat-exchange media, the media being in contact with different sides of a conduit wall the conduits for one medium being in heat conductive contact with the conduits for the other medium
    • F28D7/0025—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary tubular conduit assemblies for both heat-exchange media, the media being in contact with different sides of a conduit wall the conduits for one medium being in heat conductive contact with the conduits for the other medium the conduits for one medium or the conduits for both media being flat tubes or arrays of tubes
    • F28D7/0033—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary tubular conduit assemblies for both heat-exchange media, the media being in contact with different sides of a conduit wall the conduits for one medium being in heat conductive contact with the conduits for the other medium the conduits for one medium or the conduits for both media being flat tubes or arrays of tubes the conduits for one medium or the conduits for both media being bent
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
    • H02K44/00—Machines in which the dynamo-electric interaction between a plasma or flow of conductive liquid or of fluid-borne conductive or magnetic particles and a coil system or magnetic field converts energy of mass flow into electrical energy or vice versa
    • H02K44/28—Association of MHD generators with conventional generators
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28D—HEAT-EXCHANGE APPARATUS, NOT PROVIDED FOR IN ANOTHER SUBCLASS, IN WHICH THE HEAT-EXCHANGE MEDIA DO NOT COME INTO DIRECT CONTACT
    • F28D20/00—Heat storage plants or apparatus in general; Regenerative heat-exchange apparatus not covered by groups F28D17/00 or F28D19/00
    • F28D20/0034—Heat storage plants or apparatus in general; Regenerative heat-exchange apparatus not covered by groups F28D17/00 or F28D19/00 using liquid heat storage material
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28F—DETAILS OF HEAT-EXCHANGE AND HEAT-TRANSFER APPARATUS, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
    • F28F2250/00—Arrangements for modifying the flow of the heat exchange media, e.g. flow guiding means; Particular flow patterns
    • F28F2250/08—Fluid driving means, e.g. pumps, fans
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28F—DETAILS OF HEAT-EXCHANGE AND HEAT-TRANSFER APPARATUS, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
    • F28F2270/00—Thermal insulation; Thermal decoupling

Definitions

  • Heat exchanger with ionized fluids for refrigeration or heat pump system or energy transformation For refrigeration or heat pump system or energy transformation.
  • the invention is a heat exchanger system with ionized fluids technically characterized by an electrical source of power; ionization chambers and ions accelerators; electrically charged nozzles; electrically charged heat exchanger which is enclosed in a vacuum chamber; ionized fluids; electrically charged diffusers; turbines; magneto hydrodynamic generator; heat source; pumps, electronic control circuit; and when they are put together can become a refrigeration or heat pump system and allow heat transfer mainly by radiation and can produce mechanical energy and electricity.
  • Heat exchanger with ionized fluids for refrigeration or heat pump system or energy transformation can allow heat transfer with a great efficiency by reducing the pressure drop due to friction and the heat losses.
  • the first drawing represents the diagram of the system.
  • the 1 corresponds to the electrical power source.
  • the 2 corresponds to an ionization chamber and ion accelerator.
  • the 3 corresponds to an electrically charged nozzle.
  • the 4 corresponds to an electrically charged heat exchanger enclosed in a vacuum chamber.
  • the 5 corresponds to an ionization chamber and ion accelerator.
  • the 6 corresponds to an electrically charged nozzle.
  • the 7 corresponds to deionization chamber.
  • the 8 corresponds to a conventional heat exchanger.
  • the second drawing represents the electrically charged heat exchanger enclosed in a vacuum chamber.
  • the 1 corresponds to the duct inlet of one of the ionized fluid.
  • the 2 corresponds to the outlet.
  • the 3 and 4 correspond to the thin wall of the duct.
  • the third drawing represents the electrically charged heat exchanger enclosed in a vacuum chamber.
  • the 1 corresponds to the duct inlet of one of the ionized fluid.
  • the 2 corresponds to the outlet.
  • the 3 corresponds to the duct inlet of the other ionized fluid.
  • the 4 corresponds to the outlet.
  • the fourth drawing represents the electrically charged heat exchanger enclosed in a vacuum chamber.
  • the 1 corresponds to the duct inlet of one of the ionized fluid.
  • the 2 corresponds to the outlet.
  • the 3 corresponds to the duct inlet of the other ionized fluid.
  • the 4 corresponds to the outlet.
  • the fifth drawing represents the diagram of the system for energy transformation.
  • the 1 corresponds to the electrical power source.
  • the 2 corresponds to an ionization chamber and ion accelerator.
  • the 3 corresponds to an electrically charged nozzle.
  • the 4 corresponds to an electrically charged heat exchanger enclosed in a vacuum chamber.
  • the 5 corresponds to an ionization chamber and ion accelerator.
  • the 6 corresponds to an electrically charged nozzle.
  • the 7 corresponds to deionization chamber.
  • the 8 corresponds to a conventional heat exchanger.
  • the 9 corresponds to an electrically charged diffuser and a turbine.
  • the 10 corresponds to a magneto hydrodynamic generator.
  • the 1 1 corresponds to a heat source.
  • the 12 corresponds to an electrically charged heat exchanger like 4 but in that case heat is rejected and send back to 1 1 , the heat source.
  • the ionization chamber and ion accelerator represent together an ion thruster. Ions are created and accelerated by an electrical field. They are connected to an electrical source. The nozzle is electrically charged and is made in metal. It has the same charge as the ions.
  • the heat exchanger is made of two ducts that have thin walls and have the same charge as the ions.
  • the ducts are flexible and made of a material that can conduct electricity. They are enclosed in a vacuum chamber and a great amount of area is squeezed into a small volume. The external part of the vacuum chamber is insulated from the surrounding with a thermal insulator.
  • a diffuser which electrically charged and made of metal, is placed at the exit of one of the outlet and in front of turbines.
  • the diffuser will increase the pressure and temperature as the flow speed is reduced by increasing the frontal area.
  • the turbines are not electrically charged. They are made of steel. They are enclosed in a duct made of metal that has the same charge as the 75 ions in the circuit to reduce friction losses.
  • the electronic control unit is controlling the energy produced and the external power source.
  • the ionized chamber produces ions and those ions are accelerated by an so electrical field thanks to the external electrical source. Those ions go through a
  • the two ionized fluids flowing into the electrically charged heat exchanger have different temperatures. Heat transfer will occur mainly in the form of radiation. But radiation is not so effective in transferring heat. Thus the area has to be important 90 and this is why the walls have been electrically charged in part and shaped in a way that an important area can be squeezed in a relatively low volume. Thanks to this approach, enough power can be transferred through the heat exchanger. This can be compared to the human lung architecture; when the lung is unfolded it will cover a large area but still can fit in the human body.
  • Heat source can be produced from the combustion of a fuel or from thermal solar power.
  • the heat removed by the second heat exchanger can be send again to the first heat exchanger (heat regeneration) by preheating the loo deionized flow before sending it to the conventional heat exchanger.
  • a diffuser increases the pressure and temperature before the turbines.
  • the turbines extract mechanical work that can be transformed into electricity thanks to an alternator.
  • a second electrically charged heat exchanger is placed after the magneto hydrodynamic generator to lower the temperature and act the cold thermal reservoir to allow work to be produced continuously as stated by the Kelvin- Planck statement for a thermodynamic cycle (the first electrically charged heat exchanger being the hot reservoir).
  • the magneto hydrodynamic generator For the magneto hydrodynamic generator to no work there should be to ions flow with opposite charge (positive and negative). Thus there are two systems put in parallel. One working with positive ions and the second one with negative ions. For the system to output a net power the energy added by the heat source has to be higher that the energy consumed by the electrical source.
  • the electrical source is connected to the alternator and magneto hydrodynamic generator and it is controlled by the electronic control circuit.
  • the excess of energy produced by the system can be stored in a pressurized liquid tank into which an electrical resistor is installed. The electrical resistor received the electricity and transformed it into heat.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Engine Equipment That Uses Special Cycles (AREA)

Abstract

The invention is a heat exchanger system with ionized fluids technically characterized by an electrical source of power; ionization chambers and ions accelerators; electrically charged nozzles; electrically charged heat exchanger which is enclosed in a vacuum chamber; ionized fluids; electrically charged diffusers; turbines; magneto 5 hydrodynamic generator; heat source; pumps, electronic control circuit; and when they are put together can become a refrigeration or heat pump system and allow heat transfer mainly by radiation and can produce mechanical energy and electricity. The two ionized fluids flowing into the electrically charged heat exchanger have different temperatures. Heat transfer will occur mainly in the form of radiation. But 10 radiation is not so effective in transferring heat. Thus the area has to be important and this is why the walls have been electrically charged in part and shaped in a way that an important area can be squeezed in a relatively low volume. Thanks to this approach, enough power can be transferred through the heat exchanger. This can be compared to the human lung architecture; when the lung is unfolded it will cover a 15 large area but still can fit in the human body.

Description

Heat exchanger with ionized fluids for refrigeration or heat pump system or energy transformation.
The invention is a heat exchanger system with ionized fluids technically characterized by an electrical source of power; ionization chambers and ions accelerators; electrically charged nozzles; electrically charged heat exchanger which is enclosed in a vacuum chamber; ionized fluids; electrically charged diffusers; turbines; magneto hydrodynamic generator; heat source; pumps, electronic control circuit; and when they are put together can become a refrigeration or heat pump system and allow heat transfer mainly by radiation and can produce mechanical energy and electricity.
The existing heat exchanger systems used for refrigeration or heat pump system or energy transformation have technical problems which are, between many others:
The significant pressure drop that happened when there is a flow;
The actual coefficient of performance which is very low compared to the theoretical maximum coefficient of performance derived from the Carnot formula.
PREVIOUS STATE OF ART The examination of existing refrigeration or heat pump systems has not showed any refrigeration or heat pump system that can solve the problems mentioned previously as the invention:
Heat exchanger with ionized fluids for refrigeration or heat pump system or energy transformation. DESCRIPTION
Heat exchanger with ionized fluids for refrigeration or heat pump system or energy transformation can allow heat transfer with a great efficiency by reducing the pressure drop due to friction and the heat losses.
DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
The first drawing represents the diagram of the system. The 1 corresponds to the electrical power source. The 2 corresponds to an ionization chamber and ion accelerator. The 3 corresponds to an electrically charged nozzle. The 4 corresponds to an electrically charged heat exchanger enclosed in a vacuum chamber. The 5 corresponds to an ionization chamber and ion accelerator. The 6 corresponds to an electrically charged nozzle. The 7 corresponds to deionization chamber. The 8 corresponds to a conventional heat exchanger.
The second drawing represents the electrically charged heat exchanger enclosed in a vacuum chamber. The 1 corresponds to the duct inlet of one of the ionized fluid. The 2 corresponds to the outlet. The 3 and 4 correspond to the thin wall of the duct.
The third drawing represents the electrically charged heat exchanger enclosed in a vacuum chamber. The 1 corresponds to the duct inlet of one of the ionized fluid. The 2 corresponds to the outlet. The 3 corresponds to the duct inlet of the other ionized fluid. The 4 corresponds to the outlet.
The fourth drawing represents the electrically charged heat exchanger enclosed in a vacuum chamber. The 1 corresponds to the duct inlet of one of the ionized fluid. The 2 corresponds to the outlet. The 3 corresponds to the duct inlet of the other ionized fluid. The 4 corresponds to the outlet.
The fifth drawing represents the diagram of the system for energy transformation. The 1 corresponds to the electrical power source. The 2 corresponds to an ionization chamber and ion accelerator. The 3 corresponds to an electrically charged nozzle. The 4 corresponds to an electrically charged heat exchanger enclosed in a vacuum chamber. The 5 corresponds to an ionization chamber and ion accelerator. The 6 corresponds to an electrically charged nozzle. The 7 corresponds to deionization chamber. The 8 corresponds to a conventional heat exchanger. The 9 corresponds to an electrically charged diffuser and a turbine. The 10 corresponds to a magneto hydrodynamic generator. The 1 1 corresponds to a heat source. The 12 corresponds to an electrically charged heat exchanger like 4 but in that case heat is rejected and send back to 1 1 , the heat source.
DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
The ionization chamber and ion accelerator represent together an ion thruster. Ions are created and accelerated by an electrical field. They are connected to an electrical source. The nozzle is electrically charged and is made in metal. It has the same charge as the ions.
The heat exchanger is made of two ducts that have thin walls and have the same charge as the ions. The ducts are flexible and made of a material that can conduct electricity. They are enclosed in a vacuum chamber and a great amount of area is squeezed into a small volume. The external part of the vacuum chamber is insulated from the surrounding with a thermal insulator.
In the case of energy transformation, a diffuser which electrically charged and made of metal, is placed at the exit of one of the outlet and in front of turbines. The diffuser will increase the pressure and temperature as the flow speed is reduced by increasing the frontal area. The turbines are not electrically charged. They are made of steel. They are enclosed in a duct made of metal that has the same charge as the 75 ions in the circuit to reduce friction losses. The electronic control unit is controlling the energy produced and the external power source.
WORKING PRINCIPLE
Initially the ionized chamber produces ions and those ions are accelerated by an so electrical field thanks to the external electrical source. Those ions go through a
nozzle that has the same charge and that will lower the temperature. Particles having the same charge tend to repel each other thus the ions and the walls won't be in contact, reducing the friction. The same approach is applied to the electrically charged heat exchanger. Because the walls has the same charge they will tend to 85 repel each other creating a small gap. The ions will flow through that small gap from the nozzle.
The two ionized fluids flowing into the electrically charged heat exchanger have different temperatures. Heat transfer will occur mainly in the form of radiation. But radiation is not so effective in transferring heat. Thus the area has to be important 90 and this is why the walls have been electrically charged in part and shaped in a way that an important area can be squeezed in a relatively low volume. Thanks to this approach, enough power can be transferred through the heat exchanger. This can be compared to the human lung architecture; when the lung is unfolded it will cover a large area but still can fit in the human body.
95 The second ionized flow going out of an electrically charged heat exchanger is
deionized and send to a conventional heat exchanger where heat is regain from a heat source or removed. Heat source can be produced from the combustion of a fuel or from thermal solar power. The heat removed by the second heat exchanger can be send again to the first heat exchanger (heat regeneration) by preheating the loo deionized flow before sending it to the conventional heat exchanger.
In the case of energy transformation, a diffuser increases the pressure and temperature before the turbines. The turbines extract mechanical work that can be transformed into electricity thanks to an alternator. After the turbines, there is a magneto hydrodynamic generator that transform the residual kinetic energy from the
105 ions directly into electricity. A second electrically charged heat exchanger is placed after the magneto hydrodynamic generator to lower the temperature and act the cold thermal reservoir to allow work to be produced continuously as stated by the Kelvin- Planck statement for a thermodynamic cycle (the first electrically charged heat exchanger being the hot reservoir). For the magneto hydrodynamic generator to no work there should be to ions flow with opposite charge (positive and negative). Thus there are two systems put in parallel. One working with positive ions and the second one with negative ions. For the system to output a net power the energy added by the heat source has to be higher that the energy consumed by the electrical source. The electrical source is connected to the alternator and magneto hydrodynamic generator and it is controlled by the electronic control circuit. The excess of energy produced by the system can be stored in a pressurized liquid tank into which an electrical resistor is installed. The electrical resistor received the electricity and transformed it into heat.

Claims

1 . Heat exchanger with ionized fluids for refrigeration or heat pump system or energy transformation characterized by: two ionization chambers and ions accelerators, placed at the inlets of a heat exchanger, receive energy from an external source and produce a flow of ionized fluids using an electrical field and electrons; the ionized fluids, having the same charge, go through electrically charged nozzles which have also the same charge before entering the heat exchanger which has electrically charged walls and has two inlets and two outlets; the heat exchanger is enclosed in a vacuum chamber having thermal insulation in the outside; the electrically charged walls and the ionized fluids have the same charge and heat transfer happen between the two ionized flows in the electrically charged heat exchanger by radiation mainly.
2. Heat exchanger with ionized fluids for refrigeration or heat pump system or energy transformation with respect to claim 1 characterized by two electrically charge heat exchangers are connected to heat sources; diffusers, turbines and magneto hydrodynamic generators are placed at the outlets of the electrically charged heat exchangers; the turbines and magneto hydrodynamic generators produce mechanical energy and electricity that are used to power the electrical source, used for the ionized flows, and an external system.
PCT/IB2016/052397 2016-04-27 2016-04-27 Heat exchanger with ionized fluids for refrigeration or heat pump system or energy transformation WO2017187231A1 (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
PCT/IB2016/052397 WO2017187231A1 (en) 2016-04-27 2016-04-27 Heat exchanger with ionized fluids for refrigeration or heat pump system or energy transformation

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
PCT/IB2016/052397 WO2017187231A1 (en) 2016-04-27 2016-04-27 Heat exchanger with ionized fluids for refrigeration or heat pump system or energy transformation

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WO2017187231A1 true WO2017187231A1 (en) 2017-11-02

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Citations (9)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3373299A (en) * 1963-11-07 1968-03-12 Escher Wyss Ag Thermal power plant with mhd generator
FR1519536A (en) * 1965-05-20 1968-04-05 Euratom Advanced training in electric power generators
GB1131584A (en) * 1965-12-03 1968-10-23 Atomic Energy Commission Liquid metal magnetohydrodynamic generators
US5086234A (en) * 1989-07-31 1992-02-04 Tokyo Institute Of Technology Method and apparatus for combined-closed-cycle magnetohydrodynamic generation
US5633541A (en) * 1995-02-08 1997-05-27 Hu L. Foo Magnetohydrodynamic electric generator
US20040104018A1 (en) * 2002-12-03 2004-06-03 Modine Manufacturing Co. Serpentine tube, cross flow heat exchanger construction
US20090021010A1 (en) * 2007-07-19 2009-01-22 Walker David J Closed-cycle mhd-faraday generation of electric power using steam as the gaseous medium
EP2234253A2 (en) * 2009-03-23 2010-09-29 Rolls-Royce Plc Magneto-plasma-dynamic generator having an electrical resonant circuit for generating a voltage break down in the fluid
DE202014000176U1 (en) * 2013-01-25 2014-02-10 Abb Research Ltd. cooler

Patent Citations (9)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3373299A (en) * 1963-11-07 1968-03-12 Escher Wyss Ag Thermal power plant with mhd generator
FR1519536A (en) * 1965-05-20 1968-04-05 Euratom Advanced training in electric power generators
GB1131584A (en) * 1965-12-03 1968-10-23 Atomic Energy Commission Liquid metal magnetohydrodynamic generators
US5086234A (en) * 1989-07-31 1992-02-04 Tokyo Institute Of Technology Method and apparatus for combined-closed-cycle magnetohydrodynamic generation
US5633541A (en) * 1995-02-08 1997-05-27 Hu L. Foo Magnetohydrodynamic electric generator
US20040104018A1 (en) * 2002-12-03 2004-06-03 Modine Manufacturing Co. Serpentine tube, cross flow heat exchanger construction
US20090021010A1 (en) * 2007-07-19 2009-01-22 Walker David J Closed-cycle mhd-faraday generation of electric power using steam as the gaseous medium
EP2234253A2 (en) * 2009-03-23 2010-09-29 Rolls-Royce Plc Magneto-plasma-dynamic generator having an electrical resonant circuit for generating a voltage break down in the fluid
DE202014000176U1 (en) * 2013-01-25 2014-02-10 Abb Research Ltd. cooler

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